YOLUME 1.
A. (J. BOYD, PUBLISHER
KSjIR I L.f.r/J JFHME
UAGEKBTOWN,
FRIDAY, - Nov. 7.
ANDREW 8. BJYO, ED ! TOR AND PUBI SHlfi.
CIRCULATION S,OOO—MOBE OB LESS.
Documents for the People.
Congress shall make no law recpeoting aa ei
kabllsbmeat of religion, or prohibiting the free
ptereiae thereof; OR ABRIDGING THE FREE
BOM O? SPEECH, OR OP TflE PRESS ; or
the right of the people peaceably to assemble,
to petition tba Government for a redress of
grlaranoei.— AATlCLl I, Amendments Con. U. S.
A well regulated Militia, being neeeaiary to
the security of a frae State, THE RIGHT OF
THE PEOPLE TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS,
SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED.—Aaneti 2,
Amendments COM. C. S.
. THE RIGHT OP THE REOPLE TO BE BE
PURE IN THERE PERSONS, HOUSES, PA
FIRS, AND EFFECTS, AGAINST UNREA
SONABLE SEARCHES AND SEIZURES,
SHALL NOT BE VIOLATED, AND NO WAR
RANTS SHALL ISSUE, BUT UPON PROBA
BLE CAUSE, SUPPORTED BY OATH OR
AFFIRMATION, AND PARTICULARLY DE
SCRIBING THE PLACE TO BE SEARCHED,
AND THE PERSONS OR THINGS TO BE
SEIZED.— AXTICLB 4, Amendmonta Con. U. 9.
No perion aball be held t answer for a capital,
or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a present
mint or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in
eeeee arising in the land or naval furoee, or in the
Militia, whan in actual lervlce in time of War or
fcablio danger; nor ahall any perron be inbject
for the lame offence to be twice put in jeopardy
of life or limb; nor ahall be compelled in any
Criminal Caae to be a witneaa egainat himself,
NO* BE DEPRIVED Or LIFE, LI3BKTY, OR
PROPERTY, WITfICUr DUE PROCESS OF
LAW; nor aball private property be taken for
public nae, without jest eompenaation.— Abticli
t, Amendments Con. 0. S
In all criminal proaecntiont, tbe accaaed ahall
erjoy tbe rigbt to a rpaedy and public trial, by an
Impartial jury c" the State and district wherein
tbe crime ahall have been committed, which die
trlct aball have been previoualy aacertainad by
law, and la ba ivfarmad n/ tht nature and eautt of
the aec ration,* to ba corf ranted with tbe uifniuii
agaimt \im; to have Compnlaory process for
obtaining Wltnaaaea in hia favor, and to have the
aea'aUnee of Coanael for hia defenoe.— Auticlc C
Amendmenta Con. U. 8.
That no man ought to be taken, Or imprisoned, I
er diaaeiied of hia freehold, libertioa or privileges, |
or ontlawed, or exiled, or in any manner de
atroyed, or deprived of life, liberty, or property,
hat by tbe judgment of Lie peera, or by tbe law
of the land. Ojclaration of R : ghtaof the People
cf Maryland, Art. 21.
* e-e
The Supply and Demand
notloe below, addreeeed to tbe reader,
waa inaerted in oar flrat iaane, but the anpply of
pepera atruck off not being tvpal to the demand,
wa were uuable to aend a copy to many persons
who will receive thia, consequently tbe notice will
be as applicable to aucb new es it was to those who
riceivsd car llrat number.
A tVoid wttli the SteaSer.
Without the preliminaries which usually
herald tbo advent of a new publication, aucb
as the issuing of a prospectus and the solicit
ing of subscribers, we present the first num
ber of the " JFret Prut, " for the approval or
disapproval of the public. Those to whom
this number may be sent for inspection, and
who, from any cause, do not fael disposed to
encourage our enterprise, will please return
it, in order that their names may be expunged
from our list. Those who do not return this
number will be deemed as desiring to become
subasrilers, and may expect to have the paper
mailed or delivered regularly hereafter, as also
In proper time, to be called upon .for something
luiitaniial to equalize exchangee.
The arrests in Baltimore.
I parties, noticed in onr last ■■ having
besn arretted in Baltimore, by order of General
Wool, bar* tinea bten conteytd ta Fort Dela
ware. Tbe Sun ay:
"Gan. Wool'a action In regard to tba arrests
made bat, it ia nnderitood, been fully auatained
by the authorities at Washington, and a full and
explicit investigation of the matter will be made
in the appointed manner and at the proper time,
in tba meantime Major Gan. Wool, at the com
mandant of tbe Middle Department, has expressed
a determination not to suffer any one to violate
tbe rules and regulations governing this military
department, under whatever guise they may; all
In cemmon mutt respect the military authority
acoordiog to the late proclamation of tbe Presi
dent. He alto exprestea a determination to insist
upon all charges brought against his administra
tion of this military department being made In an
official manner and proceeded with by court of
inquiry, or aa, tbe President may determine, lie
has sustained the eivil authorities in the transac
tion of all State and city functions, and enforced
respect to law and order by those known to be
o.r suspected of disloyalty, and now deems it ne.
3'ssary to also hold acconntable any citlxen who
may attempt to violate the Iftws regulating the
administration of military affairs in the depart
ment of which he la aommandant."
The Effect of Shot on Vessel*.
. A ahof does not make a hole of ite own else right
through wood, but indents it, tlje fibers springing !
back after the ahock. .Generally, the course of
tha shot only can be traced with a wire, some
times by a bole a* .large as a man's fiogtr. The
damage most often happens in.tbe inside of a ves
sel, in splintering and breaking tba wood, .after
tbe main force of the shot ia spant. Forts Hamil
ton and Richmond, which aro about a mile apart,
with a veasel lying between then, could not vf Ith
their guns, aeud a abot through two feet of ita
. timbers. There ia rarely in instance where a
ipip was sank by a solid shot. Hot shot and
sheila do tha mieehief. Tbe latter will eometimea
sqake spertorfs of several feat in uttnt through
'he e'.das of veeet,
"COMMON CONSENT IS %HE ONLY LEGITIMATE BASIS OF GOVERNMENT."
A Scene worth considering Now.
The following is A description of A sotns
which occurred in New York, upon the recep
tion of the news of a treetj of Peace, between
Greet firitein end the United Stales, end pnt an
end to the lastitruggle between these twopowera.
Thia waa the ending of a oontest with our natural
' enemies, and in which there conld be no doubt aa
to the justness of oar cause, if then, such newt
waa greeted with rejoicing, with bonfires and
illuminations, what kind of demonstrations might
we not expect upon the conclusion of a Peace
now, when the contest it, aa it were, between
hreth'tr of tb asms fcreil-. The narrator aayat
"Tears ago, the office of the old GIZSTTA waa
in HancTer t jusre, near the corner of Pearl etreet.
it waa a place of raaort and conversation, espe
cially in the evening. The evening ef February
15,1815, was cold, and at a late .hour only Alder
man Sebra and another gentleman wereleft with
father hang, the geniuaofthe place. The office
was about being closed, when a pilot rusbad In,
and stood for a moment eo entirely exhansted ae
to he unable to speak.
"He hat grsat newt!" exclaimed Mr. Lang.
Presently the Pilot, gasping for breath, whle
pered intelligibly—"Psaca ! Peace 11
The gentlemen lost their breath ae fast aa the
Pilot gained hia. Directly the Pilot waa abla to
•;-
"An English aloop it balow, with news of a
traatyof peace!"
They say that Mr. Lang cxalaimad In greater
words than he ever need before—and all bands
rushed into Hanover square exclaiming—"Peace I
Peacel"
The windows flow up—for faiailisi lived there
then. No eooner were the inmatee anre of the
•weet aound of peace, then the windows began to
glow with brilliant illuminations. The cry of
j "Peace! Peace!" spread through the city, at the
lop of all voices. No one stopped to enquire a
bout "free trade and aailoie' rights." No one en
quired whether even the national honor bad bean
preserved. The matters by whioh politicians had
irritated the nation into the war, had lost all thoir
importance. . ft waa enough that the ruinous war
waa over. An old man on Broadway, attracted
by the noise to hia door, was seen to pull down a
placard, "To Let," which had been long posted
up. Norer was there suqh joy in the oily. A few
evenings aiter, there was a general Illumination,
and although the scow was a. foot deep and soaked
with rain, yet tSe streets were crowded with men
and women, eager to oee and partake of everything
whioh had in it the eight or taste cf Peace."
A Roadside Colloquy.
The following colloquy took plaee come
where—no metter where—if it stikes home here,
or hereeboute, the object of its publication will
hare been aooouiplislied.
j "And so, 'Squire, you don't take a oounty pa
! peiT"
"No, Major, 1 get tbe oity paper on mach bet
ter terms, so I take a couplo of thtm,"
"But, Squire, tbe county papere often prove a
great convenience to us. Tbe more we encoursge
them the better tbe editors osn afford to make
tbem."
"Why, I don't know any convenience they are
to me."
"Tbe farm yon eold last Fall was advertised
!o one of them, eud thereby you obtained a cus
tomer. Bid you not?"
"Yery true, llejor; but I paid ttr
f.r 1."
" And yon made more than three hundred dol
lars by it. Now, if yonr neighbors bad not main
tained the, press end kept it ready for use, you
would hare been without tbe means to advertise
your property. But I think 1 saw your daugh
ter's marriage iu those papers—did tbet oost you
anything?"
"No, but—"
"And your brother's dsatb with a long obitsa
ry notice. And tbe destruction of your neighbor
Nigg's bouse by fire. You know these things are
Exaggerated till tbe autbentio acoounts of tbe
newspapers set tbem right."
O, true, but—"
"And when your cousin, Sp'.tsb, was up for the
Legislature, you appeared mueb gratified at hie
defense—which cost him no hiog."
"Yes, yes; but these things are news to the
readers. Tbey oauso tbe people to take tbe pa
pers." . - • .i
"No, 'Squire Grudge, not If all wore like yo.
Now, I tell you, the day will surely come when
somebody will write a long eulogy on your life
and character, and the printer will put it in type
with a heavy black line over it, and with all your
riches, this will be done for you as a grave for a
pauper. Yonr wealth, liberality, and all suob
things will be spoken of; bat the printer's bey, at
be spells the words in arranging tbe type to these
sayings, trill remark of yon—"Poor, mean der.il,
he is even sponging an obituarjl" Good "soming
'Bqnire."
Yordietofthe Jury— Gultt.
Our Sentiments.
j?#""The Hoa. Solomon Foole, who has just
besn re-elected to tbe United States Senate,
matte an address before tbe members of tbe Ver
mont Legislature, on tbe 24th inst. Mr. F., who
is a conservative Republican, in the course of bis
speech, perpetrated ar. amusing joks upon tbe
radicals smong bis audience—a joke by which be
drew cheers from the abolition bencbes by fraud
—though a pious fraud, perhaps:
"I am for making this an abclition war," be
said in bis stentorian vo ce. [Cbeers from tbe
radicals ] "I repeat," said he, I am for an
Abolition war." [Louder cbeers from tbe same
quarter] "I mean, gentleman, tbat 1 am for tbe
abolitition of this rebellion." [Not a cbeer from
tbat side, but deafening applause generally,]
ADVERTISE.
J&-Da\\ times are the rery best for sdrertlssn.
What little is going on. thsy get; while others are
grumbling, they pay their way, and with a news
paper for a life-preeerTer, swim on the top of the
water, while others aronod are etching.
A NICE EX I'ERI M en p.—The Indies are intro
ducing anew and beautiful ornament for the
parlor, mantel, or centertable. They take Urge
pine burrs, sprink'e grass seeds of any kind in
them, and place them in pots of water. When
the burrs are soaked a few days, they close up
in the form of solid cones, then the little spears
of green grass begin to emerge front amongst
the lamine, forming an ornament of rare and
simple beauty.
HAGERSTOWN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1862.
The Raid into Pennsylvania--Ocaoral.
Stuart's Official Reports.
The aubjoined extracts from Rlahmond pagers,
of tba 25th instant, wa copy from ono of ourez
changes.*
Lia'a IMSTHCCTIOKS TO arraar.
Htctdq warfare JYorWern Army Virgina, 7
Camp near Winchester,!) J Oct. j
Mejor General J. E. B. Stuart, commenting
Cavalry, As General: Aa expeditiou lnt> Ma
ryland with a dtisohment of cavalry, if it mn bt
successfully axscatad, is at this time desirable.—
Yoa will tberafora, form a detachment of from
twelve tjiifieer, hundred wall mouated'Wfcliva
ble for euoh an expedition, and should the SUM! na
tion from yonr scoats lead you to suppose that your
movements ean ba concaatad from bodies of the
enemy that would be able to resist it, yoa era de
sired to croqa the Potomac above Williamaport,
leave Hagerstown and Greencaatle on your right,
and prooted to tbe rear of Cbambaraburg, and en
deavor to destroy the railread bridge over the
branch of the CunccocheagUe. u
Any other damage that yoa can inflict npon tha
eaemy or hia meana of transportation yoa will ex
ecute. Yon are deaired to gain all Information of
the poiition, foroe end probably intention of tbe
enemy which yon san; and la yonr progress Into
Pennsylvania yoa will take measures to inform
yourself of the varloue routes that yon may take
on your retnrn to Virginia. ,
To keep yoar movement eeeret, it will be neo
eiitry for yoa to arrest all citizena that may give
information to tbe enemy, and should you meet
with eitlzana of Pennsylvania boldirg Slate er
government offices, it will be desirable, if conveni
ent, to bring them with yon, that they may be
uaed aa hostages, or the means of
our own citizens that have been canted off by the
eaemy. Such pereone will, of course, be treated
with all tbe respeot end consideration thai cir
cumstances will admit.
Should it ba In your power to supply yourself
with horaaa, or other neeeaeary articles sfi'tte list
of legal capture, you are authorised to do ss.
Having accomplished your arraod, you will re
jdo the army as sock as practicable. Bsliauoe is
placed upon your skill and judgment In ths suo
oesiful execution of this plan, and it is not inten
dad or desired thatyousbeuld jeopardise the ssfety
of your command, or go farther than your good
judgement or prudence may dictate.
Colonel Imboden has been desired to attract the
attention of tba enemy towards Cumhtrit-.d ; so
that the river between that point and wbere yon
may recross may be iesa guarded. Teu will, cf
course keep out your soouts, to give you informa
tion, and take every other prestation to vacate#
the success and safety of the expedition.
Should yon be led so far east as to mske it b t
tar, in your opinion, to tonilnue around t>V->e
Putumao, you will have to arosetho river
vicinity of Leesbnrg.
1 am, with great respect, your obedient servant,
K. E. LIB, General,
tag. STOUT'S oxniaa TO an COUUANS.
HvadquarUrr Cavalry Diviiivn.
i October 9, 1862.
Orderi No. ll.—Daring the expedition Into the
enemy's country, on which thle commend it ebout
to engage, brigade commtnderi will make srreqge.
menta for ceiling boriee, the property of citiiene
of the United Stetee, end ell other property (abject
to legal capture, provided that in so otie will tsr
species of pronert* >• *- Dy anthority
t nin in pereen or in writing of the commander of
brigade, regiment, or capfain of a company in the
abfenoe ef hit superior offleara. In ail caaei, a
simple receipt will be given to the effect th'bthn
article it aeiied for the me of the Confederate
Statei, giving place, date and name of ownen, in
order to enable the individual to have recourse
apon hit government for damages.
Individual plunder for private uie ie positively
forbidden, end every instance meat be pt.jiebed
in the severest manner, for an army of plunderers
consummates its own destraotion. The capture
of anything will not give the captor any indlvida
at claim, and all horses and equipments will be
tept to be apportioned upon the return of the ex
pedition, through the entlra division. Brigade
commanders will arrange to have one-third ef their
respeotive commands engaged in leading horses,
provided enough can be procured, saeh men link
ing so as to lead three horses, the led horses being
habitually in the centre of the brigade, and the
remaining two-thirds wl'l keep, at all times, pre
pared for aetlop.' - ' ' ■ -
The attack, when made, must be vigorous and
overwhelming, giving the enemy no time to re
oonnoltre or consider anything, except his best
mesns of flight. All persons found in transit must
be detained, subjeot to the orders of-division pro
vost marshal, to prevent information reaching the
enemy. Asa measure of justice to our many good
citizens, who, without crime, bare been takes
from their homsa and kept by the enemy in prls
on, all publio fnnctiopariaa, snoh as magistrates,
postmasters, sheriffs, Ao., will be seised ati p~fc'
oners. They will be kkdly treated, and kept as
koatages for our own. No straggling from the
route of iunrch or bivonuc, fur the pnrposu of ob
taining provleiors, Ao., wilt be permitted in any
care, the commissaries and quartermasters being
required to obtain and furnish all such supplies is
bulk M muy be necetiary.
Eo much of this ordtr m authorizes aeisurss of
persons and property will set take effect until tbe
commend croseoe the Pennsylvania line.
Tbe utmoit activity le enjoined upon tbe. detach
menta procuring horses, and unoeaeing vigilance
upon the entire command.
Major J. P. W. Ualraton ii hereby appelated
dlrliion proroit marebal.
By command of llajer Central
, J. K. B. Srcaar.
R. Chancing Prioe, I t Lieut, and A. D. C.
eea. ITOAET'S OVIICUL aaroar or ma axraniTioa.
HIAEQOASTISS UAVILET Division, \
October litb, 1882. J
'ulonil 21. 21. Ckillon, A. A. General Army
Aorihtrn Virginia: —Colonel—X bare tbe honor
to report that on tbe 9th instant, in oompllaace
with inatrcotioni from tbe Commanding General
Army Northern Tirginia, I proceeded on an ex
pedition into Pennsylvania, with a cavalry force
of 1,800 men and four pieeea of horse artillery,
nuder command of Brig.-Gen. Hampton and Cote*
nele W. 11. b. Lee and Jones. This force reudes
vouzed at Liarkaville at 12 M., and marched thence
to tbe vloinitv of Hedgeeville, where it camped
for the nighL At daylight next corning (Cot.
10.) 1 crossed the Potomac at MoCoy's (between
Willie import and Hancock,) with some little op
position, sapturing some two or three horses of
the enemy's p ekets. We were told here by citl
sins that a large force had been eamped the night
bifore at Clearaprlng, and were eupposrd. (obi
enroute to Cumberland. We proceeded ao;th
ward until we had reached the turapike leading
from Qagerstowu to Hancock, (known as th;
National Road.) Hera a signal station on the
mountain, and most or the party, with their Urge
and apparatus, were surprised and captured, and
alto eight or ten prisoners of war, from whom, as
well at from ostium, I round that the large foroe
alluded to had crossed but an hour ahead of me
towards Cumberland, and consisted of six regi
ments of Ohio troops and two batteries under
Gap. Cox, and Were enroete via Cumberland for
the Kanawha.
I tent back this intelligsnoe at ofiet to the com
manding gmeral. Striking iireetly across the
i National road, 1 prooeedtd in the direction of
MercartbHrg,. Pennsylvania, which point was
reached abeut twelre if. X waa extremely snx
ious to retob Hagtrt'.own, where large tnpplies
were stored ; bat was satisfied from reliable in
brmatlon that tha notioo the enemy bad of my
qiproaeh and the proximity of bli forces, would
mable him to prsrentmy oapturing it. 1 there
fire turned towards Cbambersburg. I did not
rtaeh this point until after dark, in a rain. I did
nit deam it safe to dafar the attack till morning,
ntr was it proper to attack titi morning, nor was
Itproper to attack a plaoe full of women and
otildren without summoning it first to surrender.
I acoordihgly tent in a flag of tract, and fuund
no military ar elTil aathorlty in the plane; but
time prominent eitixsoe who met the offloer were
notified that tha place would be occupied, and if
aiy rsatstance were made the plaoe would be
•tolled in three minutes. Brig. Gsu. Wads
Hampton's command, bting in adrance, took pos~
itaaion of the place, and I appointed him military
governor of the city, No incidents occsrred
daring tbt night, daring which it rsined continn
eutiy.' The ofllolsle all fled the town on our ap
proaeh, and pe/One .could be feund who would ad
mit that be held ofliee in the plaoe. About 275
•ick and wounded in hospital ware parolod. Da
ring tbsday a large number of horses of oitlzeni
ware seised and broeght along. The wires were
out, and railroads wera obstructed. Next morn
ig it was ascertained'that a large number of
small arms and munitions of war wera stored
about tha railroad balldingr, all of which that
cotld uot be esaily brought away ware destroyed
consisting of abont 5,000 naw innskate, pistols,
sabres, ammunition, also a la ge assortment of
army clothing. .Jhe extensive machine shops
and depot bcildlrgi of the rdllrotd, and several
trains of iosdsd cars, wert entirely destroyed.
Prom Cbambersburg I daoided, after mature
consideration, to strike for the violeity of Lees
berg as the bpst route of return, particularly as
Cox's command would bava rendered the direc
tion of Cumber'and, full of mountain gorges, par
ticularly nasardous. The route selected was
through an open country. Of coarsa 1 left noth
ing undone to prevent the inhabitants fromdctscl.
lng my rsal roate and object. I started directly
towards Gettysburg, but having passed tha Bine
Ridge, turned bock towards Hsgerstown for six
or eight miles, and then crossed to Maryland by
Kmmittsbnrg, when, as we passed, we were bailed
by the inhabitants with the most enthusiastic
demonstrations of j IT. A scooting party of 150
lancan bad just pasaad towards Gettysburg, and
I ragrat exceedingly tkatJ" •"'* - * + l* * J
ui me delay necessary to catch theta. Taking
tha road towards Frederick, we intercepted dis
patches frctn Cel. Rash (Lancers) to the common
der of the scout, which sat : afled me that our
wheraabonts waa still a problem to the enemy.
Before reaching Frederick I crossed the Monoo
asy, continued the march through the night, Tie
Liberty, New Uerket and lloirovia, on the Bal
timore end Ohio railroad, where we cat the tele
graph wires end obstructed the railroad. We
reached at daylight Hyattstown, on McCltllan'a
line of wagon communication with Washington,
bnt we found only a 'few wagons to capture, and
wa pushed on to Btrneeville, whloh we found Juet
vacated by a company of the enemy's cavalry.—
We had here corroborated what we had heard
before, that Stoneman had between fonr and five
thousand troops about Poolesville and guardirg
tba river fords. I started direetly for l'oolesville,
bat instead of marching upon that point, avoided
it by a inarob through the woode, leaving it two
or tbraa miles to uiy left, and getting into the
read from Poolesville to the mouth of the Mo
nocaey. • ' i - •
Guarding well my flanke and rear, I pushed
boldly forward, meeting the heed of the enemy's
column going towards Poolssviile.
I ordsred the chsrge, which was responded to
In handsome style by the advance squadron (Ir
ving's) of Lee's brigade, which drove back tbe
enemy's cavalry upon the column of infantry ad
vancing to uocnpy the creat from which the cav
alry were driven. Quiok as thought Lee's sharp
shooters sprung to tbu ground, and, engaging the
infantry skirmishers, held them in check till tbe
artillery In advance came up, vrhioh, under tbe
gallant Pelham, drove back the enemy's foroes to
hie batteries beyond the Monoceey, between which
aid our solitary gun quite a spirited Are continued
for some time. This answered, in eoinection with
the high crest eeonpied by our piese, to acreen
entirely my real movesnaat quickly to tbe left,
making a bold tad rapid strike for White's Ford,
to make my way acroea before the ectmy at
Poolesville end Monocscy could be- aware of my
design. Altbeugh delayed somewhat by about
two hundred Infantry, strongly potted in the cliffs
over the ford, yet they yielded to the moral affect
af a few shells before engaging oar sharpshooters,
and the crossing of the canal (aow dry) and river
was effsoted w.tb a'l the precision of passing a da
fllo on drill.
A section of artillery being sent with tba ad
vance,and placed in position tbe London side,
another piece on the Maryland Height, while
Pelbam continued to oacapy the attention of
the enemy with tbe other,. withdrawing from
poeition to position until his piece was ordered to
cross. Tbe enemy was marching from Poolesville
in the meantime, but came up in lint of battlo on
the Maryland bank only to receive a thundering
salutation, with evident effect from our guns on
this side. I lost not a maukillad ou the expedit
ion, and only a few slight wounds. The enemy's
lose is not known, but Pelhaoi'e one gnn compel
led the enemy's battery to change its position
three timee. The remainder of the march was
dastitnte of interest. The eenduot of the com
mand and their behavior towards the inhabitants
is worthy of ths highest praise; a ftif individual
caeca only were exception! in this partionlar. -
Brigadier Qeneral Hampton, and Colanaii Lee,
Jones, Wickham and Butler, and the officers and
men under their commend, are entitled to my
laating gratitude for their cnolneie in danger and
Cheerful obedience to orders. Unoffending per
ionv were treated with civility, and the inhabi
tants were generon-'in proffers ot provisions on
the march. We eeired and brought over a Urge
namker of horses, the property of citizens of the
United Statet.
The valuable information obtained in thia recon
noiaaance aa to the distribution of tha enemy'a
foroewaa communicated orrally to the command
ing genaral, and need not hero be repeated. A
number of public functionaries and piominent
citizens were taken captivea and brought over aa
hoitagaa fcr onr own unoffending citizena whom
tha enemy has turn L eu their homes aud cotfined
in dungeons in the llortb. One or two of my
men lost their way, and are probably in the handi
of the enemy.
The remits of thia expedition in a moral and
political point of view can hardly be estimated,
and the consternation among property-hoidera in
Pennsylvania beggars description,
1 am especially indebted to Captain B. 8. White
South Carolina cavalry, and to Mr. , and
Mr.——, whoee ikilful guidance wai of im
mense service to me. My staff are entitled to my
thanks for nntiriog energy in the discharge cf
their dutiat. „
I enclose a nap cf the expedition, drawn by
Captain W. W. Blackford, to accompaay this re
port. Alio a copy of orders enforced during the
inarob. ■ •
Believing that the hand of God waa clearly
manifested in the.signal deliverance of my com
mand from danger, end the orowning success at
tending it, 1 aaaribe to Him the praise, the honor,
and the glory. , •
1 have tha honor to ba. moat reipactfully, yonr
obedient servant,
(Signed) J. E. B. STSSST,
Mijir General Commanding Cavalry.
(From the Advocate of Psace.] .
/ Havoc of Life by War.
It !l difficult to conceive whet fearful havoc war
haa made of human life. Some of ita incidental
I ravagea seem to defy all fceiief. It has at times
entirely depopulated immense districts. In mod
ern, as well as ancient times, large tracts lav
been left so utterly desolate, that a traveller might
pass from village to village, even from city to
elty, without finding a solitary inhabitant. The
war of 1766 waged in the heart of Europe, left in
, cno instance no less than twenty contiguous villa
ges without a single man or beast. The Thirty
Vears' War, In the seventeenth century, reduced
the population cf Oermsny from 12.000,000 to 4,
000,000—three-fourths: and that of Wurtemburg
from 500,000 to 48,000 -mora than nine-tenths !
Thirty thousand villages were destroyed; in many
others the population entirely died out; and in
d.strati orce studd-d with tswra and cities, there
sprang up immense forests.
* Loot at the bavock of solgee--in that of Lon
donderry 12,000 soldiers, beside a vaet number of
inhabitants; in that of Paris, in the sixteenth cen
tury, 20,000 victims of mere hunger; in that of
Malplaquet, 31,000 soldiers alone; in that of Is
mail, 40,000; of Vienna, 70,000; of Oatend, 120,-
000; of Mexion, 150,000; of Acre, 300,000; of Car
thage, 700.000: of i x.uw.uw I
Mark the slaughtor of single tattles—at Lepan
e>, twenty-five thousand; at Austerlitz, thirty
thousand; at Hylau, sixty thousand; at Waterloo
and Quatre Bras—one engagement, in fact—sev
enty thousand; at Borodino, eighty thousand; at
Fontenoy, one hundred thousand, at Arbela,
three hundred thousand; at Chalons, three hun
dred thousand of Attilla's army aloDe; four hun
dred thousand Usipetes ware slaiD by Julius C:csar
in one battle, and four hundred and thirty thou
sand Germans in another. ,
Take only twocases more. The army of Xerxes;
says Dr. Dick, must hare amounted to 5,283,320;
and, if the attendants weie only one-third ae
great as common at the present day in Eastern
countries, tbe sum total must have reached Dearly
six millions. Yet, in one year, this vast multitude
was reduced, though not entirely, by death, to
three hundred thousand fighting men; and'of
these only three thousand escaped destruction.—
Jenghls khan, the terrible rsvager of Asia in tbe
thirteenth century; shot ninety thousand on the
plains of Netea, and massacred two hundred thou
eind at tbe storming of Kharesm. Iu tbe district
of Herat, he butchered one million six hundred
thousand, and is two cities with their- dependen
cies, one million seven hundred and sizty-two
thousand. During tbe laet twenty-seven years of
bis long reign, he is said to have mSsaacred mora
then half a million every year; and in tbe first
fourteen yeari, he is supposed, by Chinese histo
rians, to have destroyod not less than eighteen
millions; a sain totki of over thirty-two millions
in forty-one years 1 i ■
J a any view, what a fell destroyer is war! Na
poleon's wars sacrificed full six millions, and all
the wars consequent on the French Revolution,
some uine or ten millions. The Spaniards are
said to have destroyed, in forty-two years, more
thtD twelve mll ione of American Indians. Ore
sian wort sacrificed fifteen millions; Jewish wars,
twenty-five millions; the wars of the twelve
Caesars, in all, thirty millions; tbe wars of tbe
Remans, before Julius Cm-tar, sixty millions; the.
wars of the Roman Empirs, of the Saraceus arc
the Turks, sixty millions escb; thoss of the Tar
tars, eighty millions; those of Africa, one hundred
millions I ,
Dr. Dick says, that if we take into considers
ton the nnmbtr not only of those who have ial
isn in battle, but of those who have perished
through the natural oonssquenoes of war, it will
not perhaps be overrating ths destruction of hu
man life, if we a'firm, that one-tenth of tbe ha
cam race has been destroyed by the ravages <of
war; and, according to this estimate, more than
fourteen ihonssad millions of hnmsn beings hare
been slaughtered in war since the beginning of
the world. B Imund Burke weat still further,
and reckoned the sum total of its ravages, from
the first, at no less than thirty-five thousand mil
lions.
I How TO OBTAIN A PENSION.— There ia<to
necessity for paying a heavy per centage of the
pension to an agent, who often dishonestly ma
kes an intricate case cat of a simple one. In
obtaining a pension the steps are simple: First
the declaration with two witnesses is made
before any conrt of record, or an officer repre
senting it; second, the certificate of two sur
geons as to the injure received or disease con
tracted, and the degree of disability is neces
sary; third, the certificate of a commissioned
officer, having knowledge of the facts, stating
time, place and fqpts.
NUMBER 2.
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR
BETTER LATE THAN NEVER
2.l*® is t race where some succeed,
While other® are brginning;
'Tie luck at times, at oth*rs speed,
> Thar gi\ee an e-iKy winning.
B.U if you chauco to fall behind,
Nt'er slacken your ehdeavor.
Bui keep this whcls ms tHtth inmmintd t
'Tie better late t an never, t
If yon can ke-p ahead, 'tis welt,
But n: ver txlp your neighbor;
'Tie noble *hen you Can excel
By honest, patient labor;
Bit If you are outstripped at last,
Preci on as held aa-ever;
Memamner, yu aro star,
'Tis hatter lata than never.
Ne'er labor for an idle boast
-Qf victory o'er anoth rj ' '•
But while you strive your uttermost.
Doai fairly with a troiher.
Whsta'er your station, do jour be.t, "
And hold y ,ur purpose aver;
And if you fail to beat tha res',
'Til batter late thau never.
Choose woll the puh in which you run,
' Succeed by coble daring;
[ Then, the' the last, when once 'tie won.
Your crown ls'worth the wearlcg,
Then nover fret if left lehinl,
Nor (Woken your endeavor,
But ever keep this truth in mind—
'Tla better late than never-
Practical Jokes
We remember of hearing a itorj cf a fellow
who arouied a venerable doctor about 12 o'clock
one winter'a night, and coming to the door oooly
Inquired; . . s
"Have you loit a knife Mr. Brownf"
"No," growled the vlotim.
"Well never tnind," aald tbe wag! "I thought
I'd juat call and iuquire, for 1 found one yea
terday."
We thought that very cocri, but the following
story of Neir McKinnon, a New York wag, aur
paasei in impudence anything within our recol
lection. Head and judge for yourself. <
When the celebrated "Copenhagen Jackion"
wai British Hlnlater in tbii oountry, he resided in
New York and occupied a home- on Broadway.—
Neil one night at a late hour, in bompany with
a bevy of rough riderc, parsing tbe home, noticed
it was brilliantly illumiDated.and that several car
riage! were waiting at the door.
"Holloal" (aid the waf, "what's going on at
Jackson's?" '< - v. c .1 •
One of the oompany -remarked that Jackson
bad a party thii evening. , -
"What!" exclaimed Neil; "Jackson'bave a par
ty, and I not invited! 1 must tee to that." ;
So, stepping up to the door, be gave • ring
UfVlwh f"Oi DrUjbt l*i7 ICi rid", VtlV,
"I waot to ate the British Minister," eaid
Nell.
"You must call eome other time," said the
servant, "for he lo now engaged at a game of
wbiet, and must not be disturbed." * >,
"Don't talk to me that way," eaid McEinnoc.
"but go directly and tell the British Miuiaiar tk
I must a-* -•——'y on rpecial buii
ncts.'' • • • ' • i - -. r -
The eerrent ebeyed, and delivered hie meisage
in to impressive a style as to bring Mr. Jaokeoa
to tbe door forthwith. - ; u
"Weil," laid Jfr. Jackson, "what can be yoir
bualneu with • at tbia t.ms of eight, which it
•o very urgent!"
"Are JOB Mr. Jtskson?" arked Neil.
"Tee, eir, I an Mr. Jackson."
"The Britieh Minister?"
"Yee, el:." ' * " ,
"Ton hate a party here to alght, I peroelre
Mr. Jackeon."
"Yei eir, I hare a party."
"A large party, I prstume."
"Yee eir, a large party."
"Playing carda I uudsraiaad?"
"Yea."
"0, well, eaid Wei!, "as I wae passing I merely
called to inquire, what'a trumps."
, "I Don't Care if I Do."
In olden time, before Maine lawa were inrented,
Wing kept the hotel at Middle Granule, and
from bia weii-etocked bar furnished ' accommoda
tions te man and beast." He was a good land
lord, but terribly deaf. Fish, the e illago painter,
was afflicted in the same way.
One day tbey were sitting by themaelTee in the
bar room. Wing was behind the counter waiting
for the nert customer; while Fish Was lounging
before the Are with a thirsty look, catting sheep's
eyee occasionally at Wing's decanters, and wish
ing most devoutly that some one woaidcomeia
and treat. „ .
A traveler from the South, on hie way to Bran
don, stepped in to inquire the distance. Going
up to the counter, be said:
"Can you tell me, sir, how far it is to Brat
don?"
"Brandy?" aaya the ready landlord, jumping
°P> "JI ir, I hare some;" at ths urns time
handing down a dooanter of the precious liquid.
"You misunderstand me," aaya the atrauger,
"I asked how far it was to Brandon."
"They call it pretty good braady," aaya Wic<- '
"Will you take augar with it?" reaohing, as he
spoke, for the bowl and toddy-etick.
The despairing traveler turned to Fish, ;
"The landlord," aaid he, "teeuoa to be deaf;
will you tell me how far it la to Brandon?"
"Thank you," said -Fish; "1 don't eare if I do
t.ke a drink with youl"
The stranger treated and fied.
AMCIJOTI o V?ASU!HOIO*.— At Cambridge,
ODD. \T aahington had beard that the colored
•oldieri were hot to be-depeaded oa for rentriei.
So oae night, when the paiawurd was "Cam-i
bridge," be went ontclde the camp, put on as
orerooat, and then approached a colored eenti
ne). . ... • *
"V7hogo dart" cried the eentinel.
"A friend." replied Waabington. ■ *.
"Friend, entrance unarmed and gib de coax
teraign," eaid Pompey.
Washington came up and eaid "Roxbury."
"No, earl" was the reeponie.
"Iledford," eaid Waahingtoc. *
"No, ear!" returned tbe oolored eoldier.
"Charleatou," eaid Waehington. • ''
Pompey immediately exclaimed, "I tell y OB ,
ilaaia Wasbeton, no man kin go by bare 'out ba
eay 'Cambridge'!" • j
Waikingtop raid "Cambridge," and went by;
and tbe next day tbe colored gentleman wae re-/
.liered. .* all fur'.hor noceaaity, for atfending to
that particular branch of military diti/,