Newspaper Page Text
18(f THE NATIONAL ERA. THE BRITISH WEST IMIIES l\0 VKI.KOMHniMTIIIS. To the Editor of th> Xattotuil Era : In our former communication, under this caption, we treated of porno of the direct causes of West India depression generally, and of sugarplantation ruin especially. Our pen has long, however, remained inactive, nnd would have done so prohahly, longer, had wo not been again urged to tho path of duty by a notice of that extraordinary production, upon the subject, which has lately issued from tho mind of that would-bei urch-rudico-philosophico-transcendentalist, Thustlarlyle. Pardon, dear reader, the infliction of such a word; but in these days of Carlyle-heromania, aud of Germano-mystico-euthusiasin, we feel compelled to pay off the autiquatcd fanatic, the hyper-grammatical sentimentalist, in his own coin. Strtiuge I that such a man, at onco the * * * -' " a 1 r _ apoiogiHl nom ior ijrunny nou rcfuiuuvu?iui freedom in one race, ami slavery in another, should presume to deal with a matter of which he eau hare the leist possible acquaintance?whose only views of West India liberty or oppression was obtained by tho perusal of stale Parliamentary repuTtJl.t '.nifestoes and remonstrsn|? ' -* ccs with which <-Hc commercial* cities of Europe i 1 f f . /A i ? MO 1*4. ?.v.'Rnae C * _j T j ...I - . planters As our observation, however, happens to extend IlejiiDil these one-sided interests, to a Ititfr hf? in these em incipated eolonies themselves, we feel that we can do n better for the right guidance of the American mind, upon the great subject of lauiauoipation, than to simply state what those free negro laborers, the b^itimate authors, the manufacturers jirojur, of 'jungle savagery and malaria," have accomplished, morally and politically, in parts with which we have long been familiar, and where, for the elevation of their characters as social beings ami immortal spirits, we trust we have successfully labored As to the Knglish mind, for which Carlyle is so peculiarly anxious, we hand it over to the numerous well-disciplined and impartial writers, who are thoroughly acquainted with the subject, at home, for illustration, and who have doubtless, ere this, well castigated the would-be I'el'oriner?the kindred spirit with that precious (vil-rcmrdying anil liberty-loving one which characterized the Cromwells ami Napo,'M Tkv> ap.yWisf kii tut/ /.Vt^trcHian massacres, ut Drogheda ami elsewhere, will of . course ju>t i/jf the treatment of a Touissant L'Ouverturchy theUot-Vican demi-fox, nnd recommend, ia the same brent h, stripes, bonds, and death, like another Nero, for the newly enfranchised citizen?for a portion of the oppressed brother hood of win. We would respectfully suggest to our literary Goliath the future management of the almost abandoned slave mart of Gallinas. Mawkish pentunentolism I forsooth ? Kxcter Hall syinpathy, and May-meeting piety indeed I which Mr Senstr ("arlyle delights in exposing, are found at last to be his own folly, hits own hypocrisy, his own shame. Hut let us drop, for humanity's sake, this cynieil vein, this degrading invective, which the |>ceuliar style of our essayist forces us into, and deal somewhat with facts and figures, regarding, not the baneful, hut the blessed effects of Hiuancipation among the colored races Prior to IV{S, the rnngiiificent province of Hritish Guiana, our own immediate field of labor, contained hilt two towns aud one. village, along a sea coast of nearly two hundred miles, and a river coast of four times that distance?the interior, beyond a strip in cultivation, from three to ten miles, having no other inhabitants than the aboriginal Indian tribes and a few wood cutters. Georgetown, the capital, then contained something over -'() OOt) persons, nine-tenths of which were people of color. New Amsterdam, the countytown of Berbice, about -1,000, in the same proportion. These, with the little village of Mahaica, population about 000, and a Hort of half-way post between the above towns, (some seventy miles spirt), were all the improvements which, in a century and a half, had been made for the accommodation and settlement of, at that period, 100 000 souls. 'Tin true, the patriarchal relation of master and slave had existed, and thereby provision had been made, as in liappy(f) Virginia and Cuba, for the disposition of the planter's family around him. In such domestic circles, law and justice, up to IHOO, had existed after this kind: A negro, killing a white man, death ! a white man, killing ii negro, tinder an order of punishment, SI 00 line! (See Bancroft's Guiana) Thus was each plantA tion, as Daniel Webster or Henry Glay would now tell us, a bright and beautiful world within itself, to say nothing of cities, towns, and Tillages Now, before we pursue our subject further, we anneal to the Bonnie of the United States to hear UN out iit the position thnt that country alow can he Haiti to he truly nourishing, prosperous, anil happy, where thriving villages, numbering from Mil) to J 000 souls, are springing up in every di reotion ; while, oil the other hand, the country or State possessing only few of such, dotted but here nnd thfcrCj and of the character of mgoo huts or shanties, is properly the home of jungle, savagery, ami malaria. VN'liat constitutes the difference between the aspect of the Northern and Southern section of this Union, and raises the New llngland States to the highest position among the sisterhood, hut this very feature 1 What strikes the mind of not only the American, but the Kuropean traveller, when crossing to the other shore of tlie St Lawrence ? The almost utter absenco of improving towns and villages. Now, we admit th it some sugar or coffee plantations in Hritish Guiana, Jamaica, Trinidad, and even in 15 irbudoes and the lesser islands, are abandoned, but a vitiligo in numberless instances covers their site, the sale of lots in which indemnified the needy proprietor for his land, and now forms a labor market for the yet working estates. Partially drained swamps, and abandoned cane or coffee fields, worth only &'l an acre, the t-Atvernment upset price, Inid out in village lots, in numberless instances, as we shall presently show, have brought and are still bringing *">0 to ?100. nc tor-ling to nit not ion, for half-acre lots. I lere, in nil the shove colonies, (save l?nrbodo?s hik! ii few others.) ore to he found a place of worship of one or more denominations, retail stores, smiths' forges carpenter shops, and school-houses, while every species of handicraft is carried on proper to the requirements of those colonies which Itritish manufactures do not, in nil cases, supply. In the province of Kritish Guiana, for fourteen montha following August 1st, IVI*, seventy-four new rural stores were opened, and '267 building lots were conveyed to laborers at that date emancipated, and cottages erected thereon?cottages since succeeded hy thousands, and which, lor comfort, \c. would he palaces for one half the Irish population in the mining ami manufacturing towns of New York or Pennsylvania. This " hall was set in motion' by 611 emancipated laborers purchasing plantation INorthhrook for JMMWitl, on the east coast of the county of | Itemerars, about twenty miles from the city of Georgetown where they founded the nourishing village of Victoria, as a token of gratitude, and at tho mine time some memento of the tree-boa ami happiness which they now enjoyed. The villages of Friendship and Huston, on the same coast, speedily followed, /bigot's Town, and la Ketralte, on the banks of the Ih-merart river, above Georgetown. I>en Amstel, east coast of Kaaequibo county. Tho villages of Phu niz, Enterprise, and Gumphelltown, in the island of Negu-.in. Itivcr I'.ssequibo, Fredericksburg and '/.ea lamlin Wakennnn island adjoining. (.'atherinesImrg, tlueenstowu, Williamstown, Dunlelstown, and I hirtmouth, (par excellence, Uuacco-town.) on Ihr west coast of blwoijuibo I loprtown. Litchfield, Ithaca, Itlairinont, Stanleytown, with aevcrnl other* on the rivers or sea coasts of llorhice enmity, ull have H|>riiiij; up sinco that period, while the hamlets of Ahari hii<I Mahnicoui, with the village ol' Mahaira, have kept pace with the improvements around them. AH the alxtve villages are well 1 iid out by sworn land-surveyors, nntl contain from ho to vno houses, w..h a varying population of from von to | *>00 souls Although, then, from various euu?oe, f>0 of the -no HUgar ."tateH, not r.u of the loo eolTee plantation*, have been abandoned during the 1 ist twelve years, yet for these, nml on the site of many of thern for the tuino period, nearly :?0 villages like the shove have sprung up, while the population of the colony generally, mil of the city of (ieorgetown nnd New Amsterdam, the porta of entry in the same ratio, has increased VO per cent. Here, then, wc indeed fin I curried out the truly republican maiiiu, the only Just theory of government? the ffMtest i(OOil o) tin Htm!nt tiumhtrr However such philosopher* or philanthropists as Carlyle may sneer, we may plainly see that a crisis in the annuls of negro domestic slavery has arrived, and that n great work is begun, for the enfranchisement and enlightenment of the oppressed and degraded colored race. We cannot do better than to conclude an article, designed to refute the historical calumny, that emancipation in the llritish West Indies is no social, moral, or religious good. In the words of a benevolent and distinguished prelate of the Luglish church, now lately deceit**!, who labored Tl ? " 1 1 through the periods of aluvery-apprenticeshlp and freedom for sixteen years faithfully among them : 4 I hare been much struck, as I passed from parish to parish in I'ritish Guiana, with the appearance of the people, with the reBpectabilily of their dress, and with the quietness Bnd propriety of their demeanor. Their behaviour at the consecration of the several churches and chapelschools and burial-grounds, and whilst partaking in or witnessing the rite of confirmation, was serious ami becoming . whilst the promptness nnd largeness of their pecuniary subscriptions to the several places of public worship nnd religious instruction manifest the piety of their feelings and the personal comfort of their present condition At one temporary chapel of esse, the sura of sterling (or Sti 10) was collected for the purchase of an organ, in the course of two hours from the time it was mentioned to them. At the church of St Swithin's, no less a sum than thirty joes (equal to f'.Td) was raised for the enclosure with iron rails of the tomb of their deceased minister? a proof not less of pecuniary competence than of a tender and grateful recollection. And at the Kitty Phapel school, the liquidation of the debt of jCl.r.O sterling has been undertaken by the people of the surrounding estates, to secure its immediate consecration. At St. Saviour's, on the Aberdeen estate, Kssequibo, (Willi imstcwn referred to as above,) the laborers on six of the neighboring estates contributed towards the erection of the chapel school, nearly ?*2r>0, or * * When the laboring classes of any community can lay by so largely, and spend their earnings so bolily and usefully, there must be a Ktf'irir workday wtt^iq". them ? '?f judi Clous a lid 1 O ' ? ' h'Oit, * MliiU.elvt , r-r ntv .... >. * * m #t an civinzen r-tigmnu or America uui-r a brighter example among their laboring population, than is here recorded, after one year's free uom 01 me people 01 nriusn uui-nm i A charge deliver*! t > the I'Icrify of the Kniflieh ( luirrh ' in Itritieh (iui?ii?, hjr the Ki|(ht Kev. Dr. Colerhfift, lll*hu|> I of liarhadoe* ami the l.?ewar<l lelamla, In InR?. Ulst'r Coun'y, N. Y, 1S'>0. For the National Km. QUESTION 01 TIIK LEfiALITY OF SLAVERY I* THE DISTKII'T OF COLUMBIA. No 1. On the 17th d ay of September, 17S7, the United States Constitution was agreed to in the Federal Convention, previously appointed by the States, pursuant to the resolution of the Congress of the Confederation, and transmitted to the United States in Congress assembled ; and on the 2Ntli of that month, it wis, by the Congress aforesaid, submitted to Conventions called in the several States for its ratification or rejection. On the '.'1st of June, 17S8, nine Slates, including Maryland, having ratified it, pursuant to its seventh article, it became binding upon and between the wA.tOter Maryland, therefore, it was in full force, froth and after the VJlst of June. T.s* On the 13th day of September, 17S8, two more States having ratified if, it was determine^by the < ongreba bi V^oitWvt? ?\ivti mat tion hail been established, and that on the 1th day of March, 17vt, the Legislative and Kxeentive officers elected under it should be sworn into their respective offices. The Uuited States having under the Constitution become an entity or l?ody politic, front the 'J 1st June, 17SK, the State of Maryland, on the '?'3d day of December theresfter, passed "An act to cede to Congress a district of ten miles square, in this State, for the scut of Government of the United States," by which that State granted and conveyed to the United States the dorn iin mil dominion iherein, and placed such I?iHtrict beyond its jurisdiction for any purpose. On the 10th d.iy of July, 1711(1, Congress, nt its second session, accepted of such cession, by the " Act for establishing the temporary and permanent sent of Government of the United States;'' an I thereby the United States agreed with the inhabitants on the soil, to protect them according to the terms of the fundamental law of its being, in consideration of their allegiance. The District of Columbia, as it now is, was accordingly located ; and its lines and boundaries particularly established, by a proclamation of the President, March ltd, 171)1. The cession and acceptance of such District placed it beyond tlie jurisdiction of the laws of the State of Maryland , and over it that State had no power or sovereignty whatever. No tribunal of that State could sit there, no officer thereof had authority, and no process issued in its name hnd validity or force,or could be executed there; and all its laws, statutory or other, from that moment, became null and void, having no force or validity whatever. The only foundation and authority in the laws of Maryland, at that time, for holding any person as a slave, was the following statute, enacted in 17lf?: " All negroes and other slaves, already imported, or hereafter to be imported into this Province, (District,) and all children now born, or hereafter to l>e born, of such negroes and Hlnves, shall be slaves during their natural lives" This statute, having no force or vslidity in the District, after such cession and acceptance, it follows, that every person then in the District, uncharged with and unconvicted of crime, was free, whatever his origin or color. And no enactments of Maryland, made after such cession (which was absolute nnd unqualified) ami acceptance, could possibly have the least force or effect in such District; and the statute she passed on tlio tilth of December. 171)1. ottemntinir to enact that " the jurisdiction of the Iiiwh of this State, over the persons and property of individuals residing in the limits of the cession aforesaid, (the present I tiatrict of Columbia,) shall not cease and determine, unless Congress shall, by law, provide for the government thereof, under their jurisdiction, in manner provided hy the eighth section of the first article of the Constitution of the Government of the United States," was therefore a perfect nullity. Maryland had no more right or authority to legislate, execute, or iuterpret law in such Distriet, from and after July It!, 17(jQ, than she had in France, or in the State of New York. The territory of the District had ceased to he a part of the territory of that State, was beyond her jurisdiction?the people on the soil owed her no allegiance, were not her subjects or citizens, and uone of her officers could go there to enforce her authority. Thus, Maryland hail nothing to do in the I>istrict,after its cession and acceptance; hut, from that moment, the Congress, without any express grant of power, as the legislative body of the United States, would necessarily have had exclusive power to legislate over the District, been competent to dispose of its soil, and govern its people, or declare and protect their rights, and regulate the taking, holding, and transmitting of property. lly the seventeenth subdivision of section eighth of article first of the Constitution, the People granted Congress the power "to exercise exclusive legislation, in all Cases whatever, over such District (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular States and the acceptance of < 'digress, become the seat of Government of the United States." This grant added nothing to the power which was in Congress as the result of I ho cession and acceptance. It was conferred to avoid nil exception to the role, that Cougress was to have no powers save what was expressly granted in the Constitution. Vet, before Congress had exercised this power, and from the moment, of the cession and acceptance, the only law of the l>istrict was the law of Nature, the provisions of the Constitution, snd so much of the common law as it necessarily adopted, in order thereby to interpret and apply its provisions The power resulting or conferred did not include the power, by simple legislative enactment, to absolutely enslave for life any person, especially innocent persons , such enslavement being in contravention of the social compact entered into between the people on the soil and the United States, on the aceeptsuco of the cession by llie latter?being repugnant to tho object for the establishment of which the power was granted, and is not a " case " for t "ongressional legislation, as is sufficiently shown by the Preamble to the Constitution, which is the key to unlock the object toward the establishment of which the power thus granted must be exercised. " We, the People of the United States of America, in order . to establish justice, . . and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do" grant tiud power. The following are express restraints or inhibitions upon the exercise by Congress of such power ini|K>sed by the People, in sulslivisions and .'I of section !i, article I, of the Constitution "The privilege of the writ of huhms for pus shall not be suspended, unless when, in eases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may rcuiiire it." ' No bill of Attainder or ? r jio\t facto law Khali be passed'' To attaint is, by simple enactment, to partially withdraw protection, without judicial trial, from one or more persons, by legislatively declaring bin property forfeited and his blood eternally dininheritable Yet, in declaring the punishment of | treason, < 'engross can declare theconvict's property forfeited, and his blood corrupted ilnriasf hi> s?r? life. Kr ix>jt facto laws are those which render arts punishable when, or in a manner in which, they wore not, when they wero committed, and relate to criminal and penal, and not civil proceedings mi,|( (ike hills of attainder are essentially unjust i?nd subversive of the tirst principles on which political society is based If, therefore, i 'ongross cannot pass attainder and >x ]>ost facto laws, for the stronger reason,it hath no more power, of its simple will, of sn innocent person to make a slave, than to make a King The privilege of the writ of hahra\ corjnis, that celebrated common law writ of rights and palladium of per IE NATIONAL ERA, sonal liberty, inasmuch as by it every person is ! discharged from " nil mnmrr of ?ll'fttl imprison- ' ment'' under color of national authority, cannot ! ho suspended by Congress, except in time of domestic or foreign war, when the public safety may require it. The inherent constitutionally investigating power, which is perpetually correcting the errors of the head and hands of the Govoruniont, as the conscience of the Constitution, is not to be suppressed as the head may will, and will not down at the bidding of Congress. It was thus particularly preserved as a guard or bulwark against usurpation of power adverse to personal liberty. The act of Congress, approved July Ifl, 1790? which assumed to enact that " the operation of the 1 iws of Maryland, within the District of Columbia, shall not he affected by the acoeptance of the United States of the said Diatrict, for the permanent seat of Government of the United States, until the time fixed for the removal of tho seat of Government to the said District, ami until Congress shall otherwise by law provide,'' so far as the said statute of Maryland of 1715 was concerned?was a gross and complete usurpation of power, never resulting or granted ; but which, on the contrary, Congress was essentially restrained from exercising. It was, therefore, so fir void, and all persons thus illegally restrained of their liberty have a right to be discharged upon habeas rorjms. Thus all persons in such District, who were uncharged with or unconvicted of crime, were legally free from the moment of such cession or acceptance, and that the United States were also incompetent to enslave them ; ' and.ws a rveoeeesry eonse<)iie?t?e. that aII of the "tiltII*A ot ifselueiitir . jit *" 1 " ' Utuiru av<k) V? itL',%!. i* J.A??vw o^1 wa.?.?>v . wards or concerning Blare#, are no longer of any validity whatever, simply because there are and can be no starts th'.re. LETTER FROM BALTIMORE. Reformation of llieVnn?ewiiy? Five Point* of New Vork?SuMiutli tweaking?House of Refuse?Fair mid.Cuttle Miow?"Cooping."1 BaI.timork, October 2N, 1850. To >h< F.'hlor of the National Era : We have a monument here to the Father of bis Country, another to the Defenders of our city in the last war at North Point, and some days since we had a brilliant procession of citizens and citizen soldiers, together with the United States military from Fort Mcflenry, who all tnrned out for the purpose of laying the corner stone of a monument about to be erected to the memory of Wells and McCoraas, who, it is said, shot General Foes, the commander of the British forces at North Point Rut we are to have moral monuments amongst us that will out-top these in their akyWaporling and heavetuy ?T-zEH v2?to-the reformation on the Causeway in our city. Stimulated by what the religious people of New York \ paVnCtkSWr iy r fhurt-Hioiris n or it* 1 ing a reformation at the Five Points, in that city, the moral condition of our Causeway w is taken into consideration, a meeting was called, and our philanthropists are proceeding on the David Crocket maxim, and going " ahead'' accordingly. The property on the Causeway has already advanced fifty per cent, in consequence of the move to get up a Sunday school in that locality, and a | handsome sum has already been subscribed. To give your readers some idea of what has been done in New York by the Methodists in the Five-Points reformation it is well to state from information before me, from a friend in tho Empire city, that the Ladies' Home Missionary Society commenced the work by appointing the Rev Mr. I'ease, of the Methodist church, their agent Like a good man and true, he immediately went to work. And the first thing he did was to locate himself in that neighborhood some four months since. Me hired a corner store, a notorious grocery, the haunt of the most depraved persons in the neighborhood which he turned into a Sunday school, on the 1st of last June. Cleanliness being properly a virtue in this philanthropic gentleman's estimation, lie had some fifty or more of the ragged, miserable children hereabouts clothed decently, nnd he opened bis Sunday school with them. The number increased every Sabbath, and I now ho has two hundred tidy and well-behaved ! otitl.lrnn In u.k^.1 .?.l? 1 -l-H. ...I | orime, and redeemed from the l>roQ"l road which J leads to moral and physic. il degradation, and to moral and physical death. Wisely impressed with the fact that idleness is the parent of crime. Mr. Pease offered to get work for all who needed it. Many women soon applied, to whom he gave sewing, and he has one hundred nnd twenty employed. Men also applied, and he obtained situations for them. Ife has formed a Temperance Society, and already six hundred signatures haro heen obtained to the total abstinence pledge, This gentleman goes about his Master's business bravely, lie has hired three houses, ami has the aid and advice of fifty ladies and gentlemen in Sabbath school labors. Under Mr. Pease's direction, religious exercises are had three times on each Sabbath, Sunday School is held twice, and ho has established a Singing School on Wednesday evenings. At this Singing School it Is con. sidered a privilege to attend ; and tickets of admit tanca are given accordingly to tho best Sunday School scholars. S. Osborne, a poet of some reputation In his day, who flourished some twenty or twenty-five years ago in this city, but who was, I believe, originally from the East, published a volume of juM-uiy*. iuni nniun^ uint'r uiicgH in u, w;i? one, startling in its name to the nerves of such fu the prescher, in addressing, said, that if they did not nil repent, and mend their ways, they would certainly go to a place which he would not mention hy name to so refined nn audience, but which had much point in it. It was called "The Devil a Fishing;" and, like the celebrated " Devil's Morning Walk" of Coleridge, it described the Spirit of F.vil at work among men. Osborne's poem goes on to show how " the gentleman in black" fished, and with what he baited his hook lie caught a belle with a ribbon, a lawyer with a fee for bait, &c, but, Hays lie, " 'Hie M'?*r jtlea*** ine th? bent, Me bit** the n*ke?l hook/' This is true. And be blessings upon that benevolent gentleman who first thought of establishing Sunday schools, tVoin beholding the idle children running at large in vice and profanity on the Snbb.ilh day. Yesterday, (Sunday,) in the middle of the day, in one of our most frequented streets, (Lombard.) 1 Haw a nuinl?er of boys, who had abstracted a rope from a store on Cheapside. by uncoiling it through a broken pane of glass, and who had attached it to a hand cart, playing fire engine, by dragging the cart through the street, and whooping und yelling at the top of tlmr voices. If left unchecked in their career, it requires no prophecy to foresee the penitentiary, perhaps the gallows, as the fate of more than one of ihnse hoys, and shame, and crime, and sorrow, und degradation, the lot of most of them It may be that some of these poor boys have nobody to rare for them, reminding one of the sad lines that Savage the poet, (whose biography, by Dr Johnson, is one of the best in the language, ami who in his early London lite was his companion) has written of himself: "No mother's esrc SMrMeil my Infant Innocence with prayer , No fithrrV murlian hau l inv youth maintained, Called forth my ?irtn??, or from vice I retrained." The more need is there, then, that society should care for them. If we expect to maintain free institutions, we must have au enlightened and virtuous people Again, we have been profiting by an example which we should have set. With religious oh servances, ami with a 1 irgc attendance of the ladies ami gentlemen of Cincinnati, and particularly of the former, the Cincinnati House of Itefuge was dedicate ! on the 7th of this month The ceremony took place. as I letrn frotn a friend, in the chapel of the building The audience wan composed of the directors of the institution, members of the court and of the bar, clergymen of various denominations, the mayor, and, as I have said, the ladies, and many of the most distinguished gentlemen of the vicinity. The venerable l>r. Beecher ottered up a most appropriate prayer, and the address was delivered hy Mr. Tall, of the bur. Among other things, the shaker said: "The first I louse of Itefugc in thiscouotry was erected in Philadelphia. New York and Boston soon followed,a*also New Orleans though the huildiug was soon after burnt. BaUmou /<</.? not, m ytl,rstnM^htil mtk an insti/ntioM." The intention is to place all children charged with crime in this institution, so that the evil example of the contact and association with hardened otfciiders may not be their fate. The system is nn experiment In New York, Philadelphia, and Boston, it has been tried ; in those institutions, threefourths of the children have been reclaimed ; and where the officers of the establishment have entire control of them, nine-tenths, their reformation l*ing generally effected in two years, often iu ono. Hut for these Houses of Itefuge, it is WASHINGTON, D. ( easy to odtxvtve wh it would ha?e been the fate of ltl Inmates. It ! confessed that the words,li Battimore has not yet established suoh an institution," would have struck most painfully on our moral sense, (and it did strike us painfully as it is.) were we not nhle to say to the Uueett City, that we hare here commenced a similar good work, and the completion of theirs so properly celebrated, shall nerro us to renewed efforts. " Better late than never." The Fair of our Maryland Institute is attractinf gr**t attention It is crowded daily and nightly. Throe nights since it was so crowded that the visiters on the stairway were stopped ten minutes at a time, the pas*age up and down being entirely blocked up. ^ a __ - ?.-*a ! n wwael nurnKsr nf inv tiut?muwni, i?j i uaiaucu* mini. ... -ui? Hoston : dvur^t: W. Ilrigtc*. The first volume of this work was issue'! from the press nearly a year ago. It professes to he au hi'/viry upon the subjects named iu the title, but is, in reality, merely a collection of papers and documents copied from the correspondence of the leading men of the Involution, from the proceedings of the Continental Congress an I of the Provincial Legislatures, and from the Life and Writings of Washington. These papers, it is true, relate to the subjects indicated in the title, and are arranged so as to impart, a great amount of interesting ami valuable information, and it is in this particular that the merit of the book consists. It is a sort of srm jb/mok of things relating to the men of the 11 evolution, and the part they had in the formation of the American Union. The preface and introduction comprise about all the original matter the ltook contains, and arc written in a very inflated and unintellible style. The following specimen will illustrate this remark: " It is deemed proper In due candor to add, that this publication, Intended toward a supply of a long-existing public want far reaching in its effects, is a result of souie labor iu a broad and prolific field which, lacking ways of nccess, was seen by our intervening fathers, but in distant, misty view ; ami which, since new-made and other objects many ami various beset its now more numerous avenues, is too little seen or sought by us, and hence too little known?a field which therefore olairns greater and better labors of the abler and more competent, to cull and select its original, genuine and restoring fruits of mature experi c nee ; to gatner tnem as preparou, preserver, Mini left there by the enlightened, expanded, and forecasting patriotism of those Klder Fathers; and finally to dispense them to the well-meaning many. who. long; accustomed to feed on the false or spurions because they knew or could obtain no better, so much more need now, and in proportionately augmented measure, a free, common salutary use of the true and pure."?Page 80. There are perhajtshalf a dozen pages of original matter sonttered through tho volume, comprising tho prefaco, introduction to the second and third numbers, and short notes, in a style correspondgin to tho above, which 1 have quoted, punctuation and all, as it stands in the original. Witli tho exception of this, tho book is nude up of collections and extracts, without even the merit of o sutlicient narrative or explanation to connect them ouo with another. If tho assumed author had only claimed to alit these papers, and given them to tho world with a preface and introduction, it would have given a more correct idea ol the service he has rendered tho public, and also of the work itself. It contains no statement ol his own in regard to the subjects of his "Inquiry," states no results of said '' inquiry," and attempts no discussion of principles or facts; hut leaves them to interpret themselves, undigested and unapplied to any of tho great questions that have arisen under the operation of the Government since the formation of the American Union. It is possible that something of this kind is contemplated in the part of the work yet to nppcar, but no indication of it is given in this volume It may be of some service to politicians and polit teal writers as a hook of reference, but will hardly gain a place in (ho permanent literature of the country. The publisher deserves credit fur the substantial form and manner in which he has brought out this volume of the work. J. G. P. IT ft lh i'/(,o rrnh r, .If Mr. Ok A VIK* ti.i.K, N. V., January 2S( 1 sfg). To the KJuor of the National Urn : Dkak Sir Nothing can be more manifest than the teudeucy among popular writers, whether the subject be fact or fancy, to adorn their production with l.auo. French, Italian, German, Spatibth, ami occasionally Greek passages. As German is already done up for F.nglish readers in Knglish types, and as I suppose Greek soon will bo, I am looking for an increased use of these 1 inguage* lint 1 regard the new as a decided favor for the general reader, since he will be able to mid the gibberish, if he cannot underst ind it There are thus live Ian to ages which our writers seem to think is -firofiliihli to use at plensure Hut, to persons not guilty of this literary sin, and to those who cannot read these linking p tea iges and phrases, it docs not seem so r-1 y profitable, or even pardonable A grosser insult onnuot be offered, than to speak to a man in a language you knnrr he cannot understand?especially, when you know his situation in life is such us to justify his ignoranoe of the language used No individual need be told that there is no newspaper, or literary publication? no novel, or history, or any book for genernl reading?one .n fifty of whose readers can understand a setiteuee in either of those languages; not one in a hundred, that can understand any two of them , not oue in five hundred, that can read any three of the languages ; not one in a thousand, that can rend four of tkAi.i AAf aha in fivn ihmiNHntl (hAt run ri>A>l thnm nil. And. further, of the number who can read one or more of these languages. very few ere no familiar with them that they can detect the wit or pith of n remarkable pasmige, without recourse to their lexicons; and perhaps even then they iiush the >]?cuil wit, because it stands alone, 8itch being a fair representation of the ability of community at large, with respect to other languages than their own, it may justly be asked, what ean it be, short of deliberate insult, or rtIra vacant jnLintry, In one who is writing for the | " million," to interlard his production with free I us? or t|Uoution of one, two, or more of these language*, in the same article or book I I believe that this is the general judgin nt, and so deeply is I it felt, that I venture, that the first impression made ' on meeting with one of these passages, is, that it is an isault, and that it is followed instinctively by an imprecation upon the author?a feeling that has been fiitk-r to many an oath. Nor is this indignation uncalled for, since h11 the curiosity that offended good feeling will allow, li awakened vur came snow aumeKu ? "tranters to the city; all our hotels were crowded, and our streets presented almost entirely a different hooking set of people. Farmers from all parts of our State visited it. and they expressed themselves very much gratified hy what they saw aud learned, and many of thern wete I certainly surprised at the many improvements exhibited and the fine stock presented. By the bye, speaking of moral reformation, we have an evil here in our elections which cries | aloud for reformation, and for the infliction of heavy punishment. Many of your readers, perj chance, have never heard of the system of " coop[ ing," which exists here in our elections to an J extent that no one not on ths spot and observant of such matters would believe This ' oooping" i is nothing more or less than catching persons on ! the eve of an election, and keeping them in con, finement until &f>er thp election, or compelling I them io J. '.iir party 1 r .1 1.. ??.*' ties, and voters taken there by force or fraud. If liquor or money could win them to the pur pOBes of the party cooping them, they were taken j to the polls accordingly. If they could not be I coaxed, or threatened, or made drunk enough for the purpose of obtaining their votes, they were | kept in duress until after the election, so that their votes might be lost to their party I have heard upon good authority that a high legal functionary of a neighboring State, on returning from a dinner party, which he left a little the worse for wear, on his way to his hotel was forcibly ''cooped." Me thought he had been taken to the watch-house, snd got his keepers to let him have writing materials. They did so for the sake of finding out who he was, for they discovered that he was a stranger, and shy as to the matter of his identity The letter was to one of our first lawyers from his brother chip, begging him to come and bail him out, and setting forth his case. The "ooopers" opened the letter, and finding out who Iheir prisoner was, they plied him with liquor till the next morning?which was the morning of the election?and ss the story goes', got him to voto in several wards. Vour readers see what a crying evil this is, and comment is unnecessary. T. I * * * j ORfGIfl OP THE AJIFRinV I,OVERRENT. enee* of th? Men in I he < Mgiiuf i* n - f th# Auk r* l<**n t'fiton, ami in the Korm%ri??n anj Ailiuiuitlretioi) of 4W" A II- TL- . I All? I*. u (r.>lnm*a C., NOVEMBER 7, 18 ' to know what these few word* oan mean . but the 1 meaning is to him forbidden froit. and he leaves j it, fancying it a thousand times more witty than ' It is. It Is to be borne in mind, that it constitutes , no safety against this insult, that you are faI miliar with the native speech of Isaiah, and Plato, ! and Cicero, and Goethe, and Racine, and Cer1 vantes ; you are thrown into the shade" hy one dash of the pen, in the delicate fingers of some I boarding-school miss of sixteen, who has taken les| sons#ir rr"k.< in Italian I pity thee, thou learned ! mnn, but 1 cannot help thee. Vou ought to know ! butter. Now, indeed, it must be eery trying to be headed by one who knows just enough to head | you, and no mor>. 1 would like to know just ho* these writers feel, when they meet with a pasI sagnth-y don't understand ; or do they "knorc it ! and bo never meet with such accidents? j Why this resort to other languages besides our own? Is this one reason? Writers who becomo I popular, become likewise so thoroughly imbued | with pedantry, that they are pavifulhj impelled to , let the tlfjuh and br-adth of their abilities be known. Is it a fire shut up io their bones, and is every evidence they give of their learning nn J assuaging cooling breath to those fires ? And can they not deny themselves that luxury ? Do tbey also suppose that those who cannot read the passage in the language in which they write it, will think it a stronger, more pointed and vigorous passage than they would if they could read it? * Do they think to compel the one who translates j it to make a" stmnt" saying of it, or be chargeable with not having given the full uieaning? They will make slight gain by this mode of bolstering up , their weakness. ? fjpweial judgment of men. it :? *,'*f .p*"-. ?i lr* itivt' i writer w(io oo- , to > "?* arm'i ? lac>rc ?>! sftopxr | No judge would allow it to go fo'a jary. m proot i of such a claim. It would go Tory far to prove | that he was not sane, too sane perhaps for a straiti jacket, but not sane enough for a common sense m >o, or to prove him a notorious pedant. Is it possible that any individual over thought that a fact or figure ever could mak*a deeper or more agreeahle impression, if expressed in French or Italian, for English readers, than in strong, nervous old Saxon, or modern English ? Is our language ?o rough or barren, that the rich or delicate thoughts, the love or hate of an author, cannot be expressed by it? If so, let it bo revised, improved, and enlarged, if need be, to ten volumes, large as Webster's last, but let it still be English. If a man must use Mpauish, let him find a Spaniard, and talk it "/o" him. Would it not be a saving, on the whole, if writers, when they are about to intlict a German passige on their readers, would let the passage go, hut enclose in brackets an explanation like this?''Gentle reader, I hare a most exquisite German passage in my head?it would give you a most convincing proof of my taste and skill, but modesty forbids?it is more than probable you cannot read it, and I will not give you neeutwui paiu uui, ur., n m- mou have those languages, we must have their translaiw .. w^-- - 4* Let every writer give ht* otm translation of every foreign wort, phrase, and sentence, and let it altyavs At friatti side by aide with its origiual. I fit j *?* Bvonrr a reforfl!, <*?!?'m N?wt <twn "?t> 1 uuins, little as they are abused in this matter, you will gratify a thousand readers, and not displease a solitary one lie who can translate a passage, does not f ish to meet with it; he who cannot. halts the sight of it. In this matter, I write in behalf of all who are as ignorant as myself, and a multitude. who are not. Will not the press generally help those who cannot help themselves in this abuse of privilege? Yours, truly, C. H. B. WATSOJI tc REM WICK, WASHINGTON, D. C., A'tKN rri for procuring Patents in the United Stales awl foreign countries. They prepare Specifications and Drawings of new inventions, ami transact all business connected with their profession I'bey will reviseand attend to the reconsideration of those applications which have been rejectel by the Commissioner of I'atents,either on account of a defective specification and drawing, or the presentation of an improper claim. Persons residing at a distance may procure all necessary i nformatton respecting the patentability of their invent ions, may have their applications for patent*madeiuproper form, and may obtain patents, without Incurring t lie expense of s personal attendance at Washington, by writing to thesubserihers. Models can be safely sent to us by the Kxpressea Kough sketches and descriptions can be sent by mall. Le'ters must be po\l paid. t Mlteeon K street,opposite the Patent* tfflo*. P. H. WATSON. July 18. K. S. KKNWICK. ECLECTIC .M EOICAL INSTITUTE OF CINCINN.1TI, Chaetuad in 1S4.*? Session of lSdU-'ol)?Midi iculants, U'J I ? Graduates, 05. tpiiK Sixth Winter Session of thisl'ollege will commence A on the first Monday of November, ISifl. ami continue four months. The chairs of the faculty will bo arranged as fi* tows HORA Til) /'. OAT'UELL, M. I)., Professor of Anatand Physiology JUS HP 11 It nurilANAS, ftl. D., Medleal Chemistry ami Cerebral Physiology. LORENZO E. JONES, M. P., Materia Medlca and Pharmacy. BE.Vj.i MIX I.. IIII.I., M l> Surgery and Obstetrics. / UIHSIlN JUNES, M. I? , Theory ami i'ractlce of Medicine. WOOSTER HE A' 'If, M. If, Kmeritns Professor of < lihlcal Medicine. If IL /,IA M OWENS, M. !>., Demonstrator of Anatomy omy and Surgical Prosecutor. > A gratuitous and preliminary course of lectures will oouiI mence mi the first Monday in October; tt the same time the Heinonstra'or's roomtt wl I he opened, with every futility for the study of Anatomy Tickets to a full course i of Irntiiica, $fiO in advance, (or well-endorsed note f. r f7H;) to two or more fiill courses of lectures, J'"" 'n advance t Matriculation ticket, (5; Graduation $10, Pemonstrator'a ticket, $0 ; (anatomical materialalmndant;) Hospital ticket, $.S, which gates access to the clinical lectures of the exten! sive t'onimercial Hospital Hoard from to ^-r?<I per ' week. Student* occasionally board them eel res, tu club*, , for one-bait of t his amount The leading principles of the College are, that all medical treatment should he of a safe and restorative, Instead of a dangerous or dehilirant character ? that knowledge should 1 he sought freely from all sources, and that no medical creed should be enforced by proscriptlve associations The Kclrctlo syst-ni of practice embraces a great number of I medicines and remedial measures not generally known or iisgd, ami its success Is lielieved to he nnO|Ualled. The avcrags mortality of choleia under Kclectie prac'lec has ' lieen less than live (wr cent.?the average mortality from all diseases, less than two percent. Stud?nis will call u|sm their arrival in the city at the office of Prof. 15. I.. HiLl, Secretary of the Faculty, northr west corner of Ninth and him For further information, aiiureaa, poevpani, JUSKPH K. BUCHANAN, M !>., Peaii uv mra.nunan, o. WILLIAM U. J AK VIS, Jan.. Attorney and CiunttUt ml Lair,Coiutnhu*. < >bto < ifflee In I'In11 ' new buildin*. State atreet, opposite Konth door of state Han**. Buatnaea connectedwith th? probation,ofallklnle,punctually attended to Jan i* I'ROtJKKSS FAVII'III.KTV There la a fount alxuit to 'ream, There la a light about to beam, There ia a warmth about to Mow. There la a flower about to blow, There la a midnight blackness changing Into gray : Men of thought, and men of action, Clear the way! Aid the dawning, tongue and pen ; Aid it, hope*of honest men; Aid it, paper ; aid it type, Aid it, for the hour In ripe? And our earneat muat not slacken Into play: (Men of thought, and men of action, Clear the way ! I A IIINL w ill aoon i<ane the (lr?t. of a serba of original I J- I'ainplileta, nuni)>ering fr in one to fifteen more or leNN c uifiiinlng thlrty-twooclavo pages, atcreot vped printed III the liNNf ktyle.and hound in durable ooyere These pamphleta will he entitliNl aa followa . I. The Laborer fi. The lleinoerat II. Tne Scholar The Landlord 7. The Aristocrat 12. The t'ltiaen .'I. The Tenant n. The llaurer Id. The legislator I The Ktnployer '.i. The I'ehtor II. The State !i. The Servant in. The Teacher i5. The Neighbirlio.*! Mr 11 i tie l.aa no |?cnnlary lueana to publish anything, and he bxika to hie (rienda fir aid In thia enterprier. lie asks no eontrlloitlon, tint to.pea lha? thoO*At*n twlteve he la able to produce auch pamphlela aa the age an I the welfare of the race demand, will reeure a eullh ient nuntlier of subacrihern to pay the expense The price of the paniphlAa will he ten cents each, or twelve copiea "or a dollar It la deeirahle that lists of auhacrihera he forwarded In advance, for they will conjtitnte the capital o' the enterprise. Payment a ean he made on the receipt of e.eh nuni Iwr Almost any xealons Irlend of man can obtain twelve anhacrilwra. The tlraf number will be leaned in November. IMrect to I. A IIINL ('in iiiiriti. I iliio. ARTHUR'S limit: (1 \ZKTTK. THK anhserilierc litre commenced (he publication aft Nrir IIrtfklv /'u/xr far Fiitiilirl, with the ahorc title to Im under the entire editorial control of T. S. ARTHUR. \t ho will concentrate upon It all, or nearly all. of his literary labor*. I ll- design of thla paper l? Clearly cypress..) in Untitle?" J/fl.VA' OA y.VTTK" It will bo emphatically a |ta|?r fir the hwat en fit?a household companion ?a pica* wi.t fireside fro ii 1, coning to all with a cheerful countenance, m l Keeking, while It imports inatrnction. to entertain ami interest all classes of readers A leading feature of the" Home linnet!*" will he a Krrica of Origlnnl Noil vrllrttre by the Editor, V\ ho will furnish some f.>nr or lire of thee* picture, of doIIIe.tic lif*, written in hie heat atyle, tor eecry volume The Home tiaaeite will he the organ of no party m.raeet, nor will It lie the ex|Hiiieutof any of the i*?n> of the ilay. It will faithfully advocate the right, ami aeek hy efery tin ana to wi<len the cirele of human happiness Honestly will the wlltor teach Hie truth, an be ba. e??r done in hla writing., for the aake of go<e| to hii fellow men Hut, in ilolng (hla, he will arohl unneceaearv harahneaa ami caneeleaa offence,and keep hia journal free fmm at atn of wounding personality. He will oppoae what i? falae an.| rril. as one of bis social duties, but, while dpiag so, will use no sharper language than its j rebuke ami correction mat re.pure The Horns fiasttt* will , he elegantly printed, on line white pajicr. with Urge, clearfeced t ype that may l.e read hy young and olJ without injury to the eyes. Term j qftht payer, in all rue? t? <olcamre. t >ne copy, per annum Three copies 9 SI* copies ....... Ill Ten copies IJ f ourteen copies 2b Where a club of si* ten, or fourteen copies are sen', an trim copy will b? furnished to the |m.tiuaster or other per sop who makes up the elub. I me cop* of either (today's l-4'ly'a Hook, lirubain'a Magaaine, or Sartaia's Magasiae, will he arnt for four dollars. (;7"MI letters must he post-paid. Iry.Money that is current at the place where the cuhscriptlon is made will he takea in payment for the paper Address T H. AKTHHK ft If) , No f, Alhenlsn Haildluge, I rauklin I'iacs, Philadelphia. Sept. 13? Im S * t 150. JAMEA KIHUKY AND CHAR LEA V. PEIRCE, Cincinnati. B IK KEY k PKIHLH, Attorney t at Lav and Notaries Puhh*. | JAMKN IIIK NKY, emninlMloned to take deposition*, ae knowledgmeot of deed*, and to administer oath* and aSlrmatlon*, by appointment of the Governor* of Alabama ? onneotlew* Delaware Illinois Indiana Iowa Kentucky Ixmif'ana Michigan Missouri Mississippi Malna New York New Hampshire North Carolina Pennsylvania Khode I eland South Carolina Tennessee . Vermont W Isconsin. I Texan Maryland 1 Special at tention given to collection* and to the taking of deposition*. (mice, No. 111 Main street July 1 cncuiun HATIONAIi era \<;ev y. No. 239 Main strut, 0kfc.ro tloors to I on- (if A, it sulc. THK National Era i? delivered by a carrier in any |>art of the city at Ml a year, .frre of \<oitnet. Thoae who prefer it ean l>e supplied by the month, at i*> cent* per month. Single copies can also lie ha-1. Price by mail, $1 I |?er year. Subscriptions also received for the f rienj of Youth, edited I by Mr*. M. I.. Hailey,/eee ol jnssluge, delivered In any part of the city, at 75 c nt* a year, or 50 cent* by mail. I Subscriptions ami silver isementa received, and any bu*1- i nana connected with these papers attended to, by i JOHN KiKMAN, S. N. PKIKt K, , Aug. I. Agents for Nutionnl Era. ^ AT. LAWHEAI F. KXt'HA Nc; K, , POTSDAM, New York. SILAS HICOCK, I'roprietor. ? Aug. 28?tf HI. At HVA OOI? >1 \ t. A/. INK AND THE BRITISH t|l UlTltLT RKVIEWA. I OWING to the late rerolutlone and counter-revolutions among the nations of Kurope, which hare followed each other in suck quick success inn, anj of which ' Vie end is not I , 'tr n-,..;., a...Kecxg"* invested . 'I ith a di . I rt oj iuinc.- ( U1> ?irl - mo* I. - 1 n.i . . , , j and ponderous treat sea to be furnished by the hist, rian at a future day. The American publishers, therefore, deem it | proper to call renewed attention to these periodicals, and the | eery low prices at which they are ollered to auhscrilicrs. The following is their list, ris: , THE LONDON (QUARTERLY REVIEW, ' THE EDINBURGH REVIEW. THE NORTH BRITISH UEVlEW, THE WESTMINSTER REVIEW, and BLACKWOOD'S EDINB'GH MAGAZINE. j In these periodicals are contained theriews, moderately , though (irmly expressed, of the three great parties in Kng- , land?Tory, Whig,and Radical." Hlackwuod" ami the" Ismdon Quarterly " are Tory, the " Kdiuhnrgh Kerlew" Whig, , and the "Westminster Keriew" l.iberal. The "North llritish Keriew" owes it* establishment to the last great ecclesiastical morement in Scotland, and Is not ultra In its i riews oti any one of the grand departments cf human know- , ledge; it was originally edited by Dr. Chalmers, anil now, since his death, is conducted by his son in-law, Dr. Hanna, i associated with sir Darid Brewster. Its literary character is of the rery highest order. The " Westminster," though rejirintert under that title , , only, is published in England under the title cf the "foreign Quarterly and Westminster," it being in fact a union of the two Reviews formerly published and repriuted under separate titles. If has therefore the advantage, by this com- i binatiun, of nnitlfg in one work the best features of lioth, as heretofore issued. ? l The above I'eriodlcalsare reprinted In New York.immedi ately on their arrival by fhe llritish strainers, In a beautiful clear type, on fine white paper, and are faithful copie* of the originate?RUu-ksroorf't Muruxine being an exact fae-aimile I ?fthe Edinbu/**, \".E ** f 'i . . : TERMS. For any one of the fonr Review*, f 3.fm per annua. For any two of the Review*, 5.00 do. Key'*"" 7/m . do. For all buir ot'the Reviews, Rfk) do. " * For Blackwood's IMagailne. 3.00 do For Blackwood and three Reviews, 9 (VI do. For Blackwood and the four Review* 10.00 do. Payments to be mvle in all cane* In advance. CLUBBING. Fonr eopiee of any or all of the above work* will be *ent to one adiire**,on payment of the regular subscription fofthree, the fourth copy being gratis. Remittance* and communications should be alway* addressed, postpaid or (ranked, to the puhli*her*, LEONARD SCOTT 4. CO., Mar ti1. 79 Fnlton *t.. New York, entrance 54 Gold it COM 4IMION NTOK K. WM. GUN NISON, General Commission Merchant,10) Mmalp's MsthMNwet, BM. Dee 13? lv EXCHANGE HANK OF K. W. LATHAM k CO., Washington, D. C-, DEALS in checks, drafts, acceptances, promissury notes bank notes, and coin. HANK NOTES Notes on all solvent hank* in the United States bonght and sold at the best prices. 1)11 A N TS. NOTES, A Nit FILES, In Washington ami Georgetown,collected, and remittance* j promptly made, in Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, or j Boston funds, at a charge of one-<|u*rter per cent. COLLECTIONS Made in all the principal cities of the Union, on the most favorable terms. EXCHA NGB. Bill* of exchange ami Itank check* on most of the principal cities of the Union bought and sold at the best rate*. Ify Ulilce hours,from eight o'clock A. M. to five P. M. Nor. 16?tf BENNETTS UAGI'ERREAN GALLERY, Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington City, one door irest of Oilman's Drug S/ore. THE citizen* of Washington and stranger* visiting the city are respectfully informed that, the subscriber ha* just opened a gallery as above, which he has fitted up in elegant Htyle, with all the latest improvements, including < AN EXTENSIVE SKYLIGHT, and Is now prepared to take picture* of all site*, single or In group*, which his long experience and gteat success embolden him to say will be prolinuneed by competent judges fully equal to any specimens of the phonographic art ever produced in the United Stales t.'aMnet pictures, measuring eleven by fourteen inches, taker, at short notice; also, crayon and enamelled Daguerreotjp-s. Pictures taken equally well in cloudy as in fair weather. Perfect satisfaction warranted in a I cases The public are respectfully invited to call and examine specimens. N. S. BENNETT. Jan. 31?ly Vlt. PALMKK,the American Newspaper Agent In agent for the National Era, ami authorised to take Advertisement* an ! subscriptions al I lie nunc rates as required by us. His office* are at Hoston, M < digress street; N<w York, Trihnns Hullding ; Philadelphia, northwest corner of Third a'id (hestuut streets; Haiti more, south west corner of North and Fayette streets. VT" N. M. PKTTKNUI 1,1., NewspaperAdrertlslng,Subscription, and Collecting Agent, No. Hi State street, Itoston, (Journal Huilding.l is slso agent for the National Era. BOSTON M NATIONAL CHA" AO KM A. A'o 3 Condi ill. THK National Era eorues from Washington to this office by b xpress, and is delivered by carriers in any part of the oity proper, at ?2 7."> a year,/ree of portage ; single copies, six ami a quarter cent*. Now is the time to secure this national advocate of the liberty Movement, during the first session of Cougaess under the new Administration, when questions of the uioet thrilling importance must he decided. Subscriptions and renewals respectfully solicited by Nov. 2.1 (i.Kll W I.MJHT .It ornhill SK1MAN IN MM* /AKAHAIM has completed the most extensive arrangevl inents to give still higher character and value to his Msgnsine for the eotniug volume. (>'. P. H Jamtt, the celebrate<i Novelist, has been engaged to give a series of splendid romat ees. Oeor^e D Pr nil ire, the I'oet of the West, will write exr/mirr'v a |siem for every number. (inot Ureenirooit is engaged to give a series of her beautiful stories J. M Lrgare, of South Carolina, will contribute a brilliant set of papers for 1851. Mms Emulator' ('oajie', the author of Kural Hours, is also engaged with WhijepU and 1Am g,fellow, Bryant ami Lot re 11. T B Hear I, the Artist and Pot, is now at PuasehlorlT, "II inn way to limy VII uiruisu mini inn wanes.-, - ?..r ret of drawing*. Artists from America have been sent to London and Paris, and a splendid set i t highly finished drawings by the renowned Pa viu of Turin are *o lie furnish ed for lirabam's incomparable lilies' Department. wliteh will exnel anything that Las trer heen |iro<lueeil lu Paris. Knglaud.or the United State*. The first appears In the December number. All this foretell* a rear of splendor in tt.i* Dlagasine for 1 Si,I ? and, as erer, (iraham's rrailer* will tie astonished llraham also abolishes the system of M?rani?jf agents, and constitute* every Postmaster Slid Kditor Agents A'otr n the time to form Clubi, tu the Derembtr number i loirs I be volume. TFRMS. bougie copies, $.1. PI? II.'K OK t'l.UBS HJK P<*I?All ordsrs for < iraham's Magazine, cnmmereing with KM, will be supplied at the following rates: Single subscribers, J.'I; two copies, $.*>; flee copies, $Mi; and ten copies for $'5i, and an extra copy 1 to the person sending the club of teu suhsnriliers The e terms will not tie departed from by any of the three dollar magaeinss. All orders addressed to UKOKUUK. UHAHAM, Vt 17? At 131 Chestnut St., Philadelphia l' A H k K V11,1. K HTUROPATHIf IWKTITtiTK. ' AT a meeting of the Hoard of Managers of the Parkeriile Hydropathic Institute, held Kitth month Ifith, IH50, I iseph A VVe.ler, M. D , w:,s unanimously (tested Hetnlrni ' Pk>j?biun in the place of Dr. Dexter, tesigned. Having made various improvements, this Inslitute la uow pr. pare i to recrivr an additional number of |iatients; ami . from l?r Weder swell hmiwn skill and jtrnrtiralerperieriet in Knropc,(ae.|nired under Vincent Pretssnits, the founder of the Hydropathic system.) and for several years past in Ihit rouoily, and particularly in the city of Philadelphia (where he has had many patients,) the Manager* believe the ?fllieie,I will find hiiii au able and an attentive phyai j elan The domestic department being under the charge of a Steward and Matron, will enable the Doctor to devote tc , the patients whatever time tnay he necessary. , Application for admission to be made to KAMPEI. WKHH, Surrrhirt). J Offlee No 5>? South P'ourthstreet.residence No Itil-igan , square, Philadelphia. r U-H-ral iMjcrijHion of the Ptlrktrilli Hydrojuithu j I'titUute. The in tin htiilding I* three stories high, standing back from the street about one hundred feet, with a semicircular 1 grass plot lu front, and contains thirty tu turty rooms The I ground* around the house are tastefully laid out with walks i in.l nlsslsil ellk trees shrubs. Ac (?u II.( left of the en trance to three tcroiinda i? * cotfa/e containing four re ma J nrod by male pa'limte u a bathing bun**, with erery eonrenieiice fur " packing," bathing, Jkc ; on the r ght uf the , entrance, about two hundred fret dtitant, atandr a aiuittar I cottage, need by the lk<llrii fur aimilar purpoeea. In the r-?r of the I nel i tut*, kt th? liiitUKl of one bun , dr*d feet, are three other eolUgca.ennie eighty feel apart One of there i? the lanmlry, wjt|, ? hydrant kt theduor, the (] otner two are occupied by the eerranta Tho hyilnnt wafer ta introduced into thare cottager u f well ?* into thr inkin building. kiol all the waeta wafer ear- , rted oil lijr Mli MlN ?rrMl 1 , TUK WATKK WORKS , (Sunlit of aelrcularatune l>uiblin(, aundlng on tha brow of k bill, aunwwtttej b? k large redar reaemdr containing I i fire hundred barrel*, brought from k never-failing epring of c pur* cold water in the ride of the bill, by * k hydraulic raiu," a aelf-acling machine of rant iron, that la kept (ton 1 atautly going. night and .fay, by the dement of the ?l ? ff in the apring The aurplua water la carried fmw the rearrr tr to a fountain In the water worka yard urmnndeJ by weepine willona In the flrat atory of the wafer worke * la a circular rooew, containing the ihiiehe bath, which ta a elreaiu faltiuir from a bench! of alwut thirty towt,and #aa _ be rarled In aiae from half an Inch to an iuob and a half In diameter A.tj di.ing the douche rem liadreaalai rooto. with marble table*, ike. j the ruoig dow/.g ttot ex re of pile*, *.? ) ie one of the moat com|d?U owalrivaiweo ?' kind, being entirely under the control of the patient u*"* ' the aart*. There are many other appliance# which ean b#h?tt#' deratoood by a personal eaammation. May* n 4p i * ? VOL. IV. 1 Jt'BT PCBLJM1ED, RKPLY to Remark* of Ker. Muoee Stuart ou 1W J..he Jay, an! an Examination of lila Seripturai Kxurit,, contained lii hit reeent pani|>blet entitled Uni,?., . tb? Cuimtltution " Hy William Jay. An octavo patm i >. In a neat coyer. Price ? rent" for aal? by An*. I. WIM HAKNKIt.Bl John atreef, N V?rk HOOKER * HAH LEY, ATTORN K YS anil Councilor* at !* . Ilartfr, i neetioot. JOHN HOOK Kit Sept It-ly JOSEPH K. HAWI hN THK KRIKM) OK \OI TII. THIN new and attrwi'Wa journal for Yonth, edited Mr*. Hal Icy, and pubiUhedat Wa?hln*l.jn,,:?, i? it the Pus/on Agrw y for the National K'a, :u \,r,'' Prim,by mail, ft" rent* a year; delivered In IWaton. fr',l t pontage, 7ft cent*. UEUKliK W I.Killl' Hot ?. 3romhl|| Boaton LlflHTA LITER A R V AO E.DPY, No. 3 Comhill, Boston. ESTABLISHED to aid the circulation of all Pl/nLlf'A TIONS ianiied in the United State. O, - u,,..k. ... P-.:~ii? i ----- ;pfuiuptly MKi tt tli? m<?8t reasonable raftn T//L' NATIONAL Ell A eowie* fT#Br W^#i,,r(?n fo his Agency by KapreHs, and U deliver.) by -?rn,r, ,, u.y I*ri of the eity proper, at tmayesr f,? of. , ige; single copies 6 1-4 cento rrice, by nodi | > THE FRIEND HE MOUTH, a new Wl l monthly journal fir Youth, edited by Mm I'.ailit m l >uhlisbed at Washington, also comes by Kifrm to this tgency Price, delivered in Boston, fret of -lento a year; by mail, 041 rente. Joneii. O. W. LIGHT k. CO, Ul.HDRVS < I.V l> VVTI ?IER( AIVTILK role LEGE, Apollo or Mnu inn Building, northtrtxt com r ol N.? ntiil Waluvt street*, CmanniiO, Ohio. rpHK attention of the i'eblte is rwwneeAfbllv ealie.tj n. A c *.r:- >.-> ?..'.-i.. hi t.ifj h*< j,.m I us'.m-- ui '(OAlHywg Vajanr M,ji in a,tWo>y>|^w -. -? The design of the (natitution ie to Impart ourh informa- < don ae will make practical men and leientific aci-ounlanta i For any and eyery department of business 1 The prominent oubjeet of atudy ia, ItuuUe-Entry BookKeepnig ; or, iu other words, the science of scci/unta,!? ite nlsptation to eyery variety of traasmttion* that can p. ssibly irise in the operations of Trade, whether wholesale, retail, out mission, banking, manufacturing, jobbing, or any other Form of business In order to qualify thoee who enter this tnstimtha In a superior manuer for the responsible duties of commercial life lectures on commercial law are given in connection with the science <>f book keeping lectures on the general laws of trade, as contained in the best treatises m banking at. I pdittcnl economy, have also been lately introduced with great advantage and success. Studeuts are (In addition) made familiar with general mercantile forms and phraseo'ogy, or what may be termed the literature of ooiumerce, including commercial letters of alt descriptions. It will be the assiduous endeavor of the Principal to nuAe those who atten4 this institution (food practical penmen?a tine r/tia non to those wishing to enter the arena of trade A complete course of calculations is included in the exercises. Terms for the full course - . $10 00 KT* Instruction is given individually; thus gentlemen can enter at ahy tine. By The institution being chartered, students on graduating receive a diploma, signed by a board of mercantile and legal gentlemen. By The time requisite to complete the course averages from six to twelve weeks. The undersigned has at much labor and expense collected - _)J?' .1 Fwmlard works, Wth American and fereign v. the above subjects, as w?U as obtained such practical information from real business as is deemed important or useful, and has also been enabled, from long experience as a teach er, to greatly improve and simplify the mode of imparting th>? klud of iiisttwuct'na 'f* thus ii,o(jp . who patronise this inatitutluu from the iuducemeuta held out, will have their expectations more than realiied Sept. 19?3in JOHN OUNURV, Principal MltlRIV ALMANAC FOR 1-aJl. THK Amei imn and Foreign Anti-Slavery Soriety "nave just published mother stereoty|.ed Almanac, tor the coming year, with spedial reference to the great question of SI very at the present time, aril in the expectation that the friends of the cause throughout, the country will cooperate in diffusing extensively the valuable statistical and reading matter it contains. Considering the expense at which the Almauv ha? been prepared, the low price at which It 1s sold, aud the increased factlitiesforforwardingit, by express or otherwise, from New York, oTer the whole of the Northera States, it is confidently ex|wcte.l that the circulation this year will greatly exceed that of any previous year So much useful matter canuot well lie circulated at less expense. The Almanac is handsomely printed, on finer taper than usual, with well-extcuted wood engravings, prepared expressly for it, illuslrmtingthe escape of Henry Box Brown, a sceue at Washington, and the kneeling Slave Motlier Besides the Calendar, wbieh is equal in all respects to that of the American Trset Society's Atmanac for IHfil, and the Kclipses, Cycles, Ac , he , the Almanac contains a variety of interesting and valuable reading anil statistical articles ^ of an anti-slavery character, selected and original. The prices will be as follows : For one thousand copies .... $'2t) iXi 1.'.- ..... I,.indeed conies .... -2 VI Kor one dozen eoplea .... 44) .1 For a single copy (JB J The friend* of the caus* are earnestly i*?M to I in giving ? wide circulation to the Almanac, and to send I fheir orders at an early day for a liberal W|plj It Uaac- I gested that they make arrangement* with inrrc*M*,i? In j their neighborhood, before visiting New \ ork, to have a lew hundred Almanac* parked with their goods. In this war fl the coat of transportation will lie y<ry small If at Mai ^ op|?irtunlty olfcrti, the owner* of expresses are now m-r. j reasonable in their charges than heretofore Tltis mode of | conveyance I* Utter than the |?.>?t offloe, as crny Alummosent (>y mail, whatever the distance, costs two ttml a half cent*. A Catalogue of most, of the Publication* for sale at ths l'e|,o?itory is annexed, from which selections cult I.- msde, and hooks and pamphlets can lie sent with the Almanacs, without MHk. If any, addtthnal expense Orders, eyifhi<iTii' JXIf/rnriit, in hank tiotes OT pest office stamps, may be addressed to WI I.I ,1AM HA UN Kit, A?rnt, Aug. 8?fit No fil John street. New A ork City. N B. Kditors friendly to the cause of freedom are respectfully rei|Uesled to give the above an Insertion, as the object in publishing the Almanac la nut to make inouey, but to dill use useful information. D AA'ID TORRENCE. NOTARY IM'RI.IC, Xenia, Ohio, WILL take acknowledgments,depositions, affidavits, and protestations, in town or country ; is agent tor the National Era, the Union Mutual Lift hitutntuu Onntpu tiy, the American Live Stwk Inwrunre f'owputiy; and will attend to the collection ol claims generally; also, toselling, leasing, and renting real estate. KTOIHit?tialloway's Buildings, up stairs?comer room. Sept. 19?ly JOHN W. NORTH, ATTOK N KY and Counsellor at l.aw, and General land Agent, Falls of St. Anthony, Minnesota Territory. Oct 11.?y SAND'S SAKSA PAR II.LA, In Quart Bottles. IjV)K purifying the blood, and for the cur* of Saofuhi, Ithevmat ism,Stubturrn f/acr j, Ityspepmi, Salt ItUeum, Errrr .S'oret, Ecynpetat, I'i mpter, It,let, Mercurial It it"I'M. futaneov? Ei ufUtous, Lirer Complaint, Erou/nt <?, ( oninm/nion. rrnuiit isOVitnainis. i.oss or sivrirrur, urn- m einl DrUtitij.*r. 1 In this preparation we have all tbe^estorative properties of the root, combined and concentrated in their ntlfni?t strength and ritteani hxperiinenta were made in Die mai 11 tacture of tbia medicine, until it wan toiind it could not l< improved. Accordingly, we find it reaorted to aluioat universally in raaea of scrofula, liver diseases, salt rheum, pen eral prostration of the vital powers, and all those tormenting diseases of the shin, so trying to the patience and Injurious to the. health. It is a tonic ai>ericiit, ami disinfectant It acts simultaneously upon the tlotrmch, the rwmfufism, aid the htnrtln i and thus three prrs-esses, which are ordintnly the result ?rf thru different kinds of medicine, are carried on at the same time. tbro? gh the inotrumentality ef Mm o" I remedial agent. There are many ways of relieving pain f'r the time being, lint there Is only one w*y of removing disease No palliative, nonnndyne, ii" topical application, mill remove it. It must be attacked at its source, in the fluids of the body, which convey the poison to the localities where it Is developed in Inflammation, sores, nicer* tumors, abscesses glandular swellings, he., as the case may be These fluids must be reached, acted upon piirifbd. hy some powerful agent Much an agent is Sural1* Sartn/ufit la, which gently stimulates while it disinfects and ej| els from the etumach and bjwela all that is irritating, and at the same time restores their vigor and tone Its great merit is. that it mce's and HeWru/uei the acffve principle of disease itself, and when that is gone, the symptoms necessarily disappear. The rapidity with which the [atieiit recovers health ami strength under this triple influence is surprising. Kach new case In which it is applied furnishes in the result a new certificate of its excellence ; and we have only to point to the accumulated testimony of multitudes who have experienced its effects, to convince incredulity itself of its real value. Lieutenant Mi'ler, of the army, has kindly sent u? the following letter from California: Mowtkrkt, January in, 1860. Mfssn. A ft. 4' D. Sanih: fsnnti kmir : I beg leave to add my testimony In fsvi.r of rmir invaluable medicine hoping it may lend solo* other infortuwate beings to try ita elects,ami that they may ' * jeuedled as I have been. I arrived here from the United States by the ovsrtewd Mute, about the I at of October last. A lew days after, I was Hloetfd with a very disagreeable eruption of the ekm. ebtoh my physician could Lot cure I happened to n"d rour Sar apsrilla In a etore in Ibis place, and rel?ember1? g be popularity of the medicine at home, I purchased D re* lottlea, which I,a I the doti re.| enerr ui renin*,UK <?j nilty entirely. With high icfUil*. yoiira, Ac , J. H. MII.I.KK, U. S A. Hen ia another, nearer home : livVm>iuMarftHI Wei ere. Sutdt: ' (NTLaMLH: I hare great pleaanre in arlin. wlrdgfng to roii the great benefit I hare received frc m the u?? "f >m,r i4re*[?rilln A eiihjert of pulmonary dlaeaee I tinli ? n 4ft to kurupe, but while there continued to lie afflicted A '* weehe after mjr re*urn, I waa aeiaed with a violent hrtnnrhage of Ihe lui.ira, and from the liability and great iteration of atrengfli that followed, with the protracted illfn nlty of reepiratlen. I am entirely relieved liythr n?e i.f rour Sara-iparilla, whleh I eonidder a ?i?t Imp* rtaut at I rnly vaiitahla diaeovary in the bertling art. I feel that I lara not for fourteen year* enjoyed eo good health aa at reaent Very gratefully, youra, S. K. HAfMORN. Head the folluwlng, from N aw On lb a My N ????"? '?* ** Heart. Snrtdi: Hbntlbmbw: { take the liberty of aendln* yen a letter rhleh amy be of importune* to timer who are enlt ring aa ia*e dona I received great benefit from your t?r-a| anna, laving been rured of a malady after anlh rn g alt year* lerel.y cheerfully certify to the good effoet of your uirdirinr, did I hope I toil will re want y ow for all the good )o? hate lone A ehronie rough had tormented me day an I did repeated attaaka of Nrrr loiluer.1 me to Iwlleye that Imuld die with oourwuptlon. One dag while auBrnng a In lent attach of haralag ft ear, a friend i-eram.de.1 me t.a ry yonr incomparable medicine hut, to te'l the truth. I bad to confidence in It. I tlnally purehaaed a butt I* ai d hy it* ia* aii l the help of (tod I Wae reatored u. le tter health " ha<l enjoyed for alg year* I eannot hut hit a* Ibeauthr f rhia admirable medieine. With great raapeet, I am, gentlemen y, ur ,.l lot i ' " PKKMIN PA/I'repared and aohl, wholeaal* and retail, hy A. B 4 " f AN/PS, llraggleta and t hennaU. IK* I niton afreet corner f William, New Vorh. N'dd alao hy ItrnggieU generally hrengbowt the United Ktatea and t'auadae Prfr |l f utile; ail huttlea for Aug *?Jm WHKKI.A* k H'INin, (ITHOI-KNAO: nail We/o,; /W ?? t X>.? Af.r-ah .1 >V era, aign of tha Hid HUH HOOT, N* ? Harket aouth aide, tw<. | . r? a , ?t ..t N> am .re etr- ' , tanati? Dealer a la Won't, AlAant. Pmtmi ls?r Holt. Ac J P WHKM* May ZI-ly A WOtllt J