VOL. IV, NO. 8. NEVADA DEMOCRAT, PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING, BY I. J. ROLFE & CO. OFFICE—BROAD STREET, NEVADA, T E RM S I For one year, in advance, 9® Six months, „ .... Three months, " Single Copies, - a cts - BUSINESS CARDS ROSENHEIM & BRO. WATCHMAKERS AND JEWELERS, AX'D DEALERS IX . Watches, Jewelry, DI«mo«d», &e. At their Old Stand, Main Street, Nevada. HOSES ROSENHEIM, AARON ROSENHEIM, p. S.—GOI.D DUST BOUGHT AT THE HIGHEST MAR KET FRICK. 46 ' AV!D BEI.DKN. BKLDEN Y.WT, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. firmv.. No. 4 Second atury of Alban n llnck Building Corner Brood and Pine Streets, Nevada. C tC H. I. THORNTON, Jr., ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LA (Y. Office— In Kel ev's Brick Building, Commercial street, below Pine street. Nevada. 51 If WM. E. ANDERSON, attorney and counselor at law. Office— Front Room, up stairs, Democrat Building. Broad street. Nevada. J . I . CALDWELL A TTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR A T LA IF. Office, No. 10 Bicknei.l’.s Block, Broad st. Nevada. Nevada, Aug. 27, 1850,—47-If . *. II. CHASE. OKO. R. Ill PF. CHASE & HUPP, AT TOR NE YS AT L A W. 0,-ftk— Front Boom, up stairs, of Democrat Office, Broad Htreet, Nevada. HAM IN J. DUNN, HKNKY MEREDITH. DUNX & MEREDITH, A TTORNEYS AND COUNSELORS A T LA W Office—Second Stor\ of Alban’s Brick Building, corner Broad and Pine Streets, Nevada. J. R. M’CONXKLL, WM. M. RTF WART, McCOXKELL & STEWART, ATFJRNEYS AXD COUNSELORS AT LAW. Will practice in all tlie Courts of the Fourteenth Judicial District, and in the Supreme Court. Office—Crittenden’s Brick Building, Main Street. [4-tf AV G. von POEIjliNITZ, M. D. r h ysicia n and surgeon , Ten iers his profeesional services to the citizens o J Neva da and vicinity. Office—At Frank Thayer's Drug Store, No. 14 Commer cial street. [3-tf OVERTON, ~ PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. OFFICE —Alban's Brick Building—rear of the Drug Store— Nevada. 46-tf MeIlOBERTS, PtXSTOX ve Line of Stages will leave the Office of the California Stage Company, at Friable’# old Stand, Nevada, every morning, at seven o’clock, A. M., running by Oak Tree Ranch, San Juun, and Iless’ Crossing, arriving at Camptonville at 12 M. Returning—The Stages will leave the National Hotel. Camptonville, every morning, at seven o’clock, A. M.. and arrive at Nevada in time to connect with the California Stage Company’s Une of Stages for Sacramento City, Ma rysville and Auburn. Ai* • Express Matter promptly attended to. A. WAGENER, Proprietor. W. S. McRomnrr*. Ag’t. Nevada. [33-tf EMPIRE LIVERY STABLE, Broad Street, Nevada, GEORGE MAY, Proprietor. THE UNDERSIGNED WOULD INFORM HIS friends and the public generally, that he has become Proprietor of the EMPIRE LIVERY STABLE, and as he designs keeping constant ly on hand A Stock of Fast Horses, Would respectfully solicit the patronage of the Public. Horses kept by the Day or Week ou the most rea gonable terms. 20-tf GEORGE MAY, M LIVERY & SALK STABLE. M A IN STREET,\ NE VA DA. ,T. A. LANCASTER. FORMERLY OF THE Metropolis Stable, would inform his friends and the public generally, that he has added extensively to his already Large and Ele gant establishment of Ilorses. Buggies, Saddles, Harness, Ac. Ac.—they are now prepared to furnish as line turn ouN as can be fonnd in the State. Well trained fleet and easy Saddle Horses, well equipped for 1 ndies or Gentlemen will be ready at ail times. A long experience in the business and a?i earnest desire to retain the confidence of his friends, leads him to be lieve li* will be able to give general satisfaction. Particular attention paid to Horses on Livery Carriages always in readiness with careful drivers for the use of Balls, Parties, kc. kc.. The quality of our stock will permit us to say that those seeking pleasure or engaged on business would do well to give us a call. ' J. A. LANCASTER. Nevada. Aug. 20. I860.—16-* f NOTICE TO TE A DI8TERL TXT AGON ROAD from Nevada to Down Seville, by way of \ V R< »BINH >N 'S pen • seheid,) corner of Main and Commercial Streets, would respectfully inform the public that they have purchased the large and well selected Stork of HOOTS AND SHOES, contained in the above establishment, and hope by strict attention to business to merit a share of the public pat ronage. Having just received from Pan Francisco a choice and well selected stock of Boots and Shoes, 1 Julies’ and Misses’ Baiters, Buskins. Slippers. Children’s Shoes. kr.. &<*.. they would respectfully invite all those wanting any thing in the above line to give them a call, as thev believe, for va riety, quality und cheapness, their stock Is unsurpassed in tin* mountains. Repairing done on the shortest notice, in a workmanlike manner, and on the most reasonable terms. H. MAYERP. wm. r. cob:. Mn. P. Mayf.rs, late of Grass Valley, and Wm. R. Coe, formerly of the Broad Street Boot and Shoe Store, have purchased my entire stock of Boots and Shoes, and I would cheerfully recommend them to the public as gentlemen every way worthy their support, and would respectfully solicit for them the patronage of mv old friends and custo mers [32-tf] P. J. ESI'FNSCHKIP. $10,000 WORTH OP FTJRITUNRE! ENTIRE NEW STOCK, THE LARGEST AND best selected ever brought into the mountains, . all of which will be sold cheap for CASH, con 1 sisting of Bedsteads of all sl7.es; Cane and Wood Seat Chairs: Cane and Wood Peat Office Chairs* Pining, Card and Center Tables; Extension and Reading Tables; Office Desks and Furniture; Barl#.*r’s Chairs; Wash Stands; Looking Glasses of all sizes; Cane Seat and Back Arm Rockers and Nurse Chairs; Mattrasses; Pillows; pillow Cases; Sheets; Comforters; Feathers, kr. The undersigned would respectfully invite the attention of their old customers and the public generally to their new stock of goods On the Corner of Pine and Commercial at*.. Where by strict attention to business they hope to merit a liberal share of public patronage. 46 tf ABBOTT k EDWARDS. Wholesale and Retail LIQUOR STORE. M;dn street, near Commercial, Nevada. rYlHE undersigned would inform the public that he has X now on hand a most extensive assortment of the Best Liquors Ever brought to this market. Having rebuilt his Fire proof Building, with an excellent Cellar under it, he has every facility for keeping any amount of Goods. lie will keep a good supply of WHISKEY, BRANDY, GIN, WINES, PORTER, ALE, ALE, CIDER, &c., Ac. Also—All kinds of Case Liquors, Cordials, Syrups, Ac. Which have been selected with the greatest care by com petent judges, and which will be sold as low or lower than any other establishment in the pUce. He will continue the manufacture of SODA at his old place, which is an article to well known too require recom mendation. Dealers and others wishing to purchase are respectfully invited to call and examine my stock. 46 tf J. M. BLURPHUTZ. BRENTANO & FURTH, Corner Main and Flume Streets, North San Jcan, Nevada County, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Clothing, Gents Furnishing Goods, Boots and Shoes, Hats, Blankets, k India Rubber Goods. KEEP constantly on hand the largest and best Selected Stock of Clothing Ac., in all its various branches to be found in any Mountain town. The citizens of San Juan and surrounding towns, will find it to their advantage to give us a call, and examine the PRICE and QUALITY be fore purchasing elsewhere. BRBINTANO k BURTH. North San Juan, Sept., 3, 7856.—48-tf TRUNKSS TRUNKSII TRUNKS!!! TORTY DOLLAR TRUNKS, FOR SALE BY SOL KOHL : MAN, No 45 Main 8treet, Corner Conmercial. Brick uibling. opposite American Exchange Nevada. NEVADA, CALIFORNIA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 26,1856. GROCERIES SAN FRANCISCO GROCERY AMD PROVI SION STORE. MOTTO! “Small Profits and Qjalelc Returns.” The undersigned would respectfully solicit tlic attention of the Families and Miners of Nevada and vicinity to their well selected stock of Family Groceries, Provisions, Liquors, Ac., Which cannot be exelled in quality, and at the lowest pri ces. One of the firm constantly being in San Francisco, affords us unequalled facilities for purchasing, by which means we feel confident to be able give GENERAL SATISFACTION AS TO PRICES. We have also on hand Mining Implements of best makers. N. B.—Hotel Keepers, Restaurants and Country Dealers, would find it to their advantage to give us a call before purchasing elsewhere. A. ALEXANDER. N. B.—-All Goods cellvered Free of Charge. No. 35 Broad Street, BicknelPs Building. 46-tf T. ELLAED BEANS & CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Groceries, Provisions, Liquors, Queens ware, .Mining Tools, &c., &c. At the old favorite Stand of HAMLET DA VIS. IN the Fire-Proof Block of Kiiiit and Knox, opposite the United States Hotel, 52 Broad Street, Nevada. HOTEL AND FAMILY STORES, In every variety and of the choicest qualities. GOODS DELIVERED FREE OF CHARGE-®, September 17th, 1856—50-tf LANDEKER & GATZERT, —DKALKRS IN— Groceries and Provisions^ Keep constantly on hand a full supply of all articles suitable for the Market, in their Fire Proof Building, on Commercial St. Where they will be happy to wait upon all that visit them. J. S. LANDEKER resides at the Bay, where he is con stantly purchasing for the house here, and no efforts shall be spared to always keep on hand a full assortment of the best quality, which will be sold at a low profit. GOODS DELIVERED FREE -fc* Call and see for yourselves. J. S. LANDEKER. Nevada. Sept, 1856,—48-tf BAILEY GATZERT, E. UE YOUNG & CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Groceries, Provisions, Liquors, Crockery AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE. No. 05 Broad Street--- -----------Nevada. H AS ON HAND the following articles, which will be sold at a small advance for the ready CASH. Hams in brine. Extra Clear Pork, Extra Clear Bacon, lard, in kegs and tins, New Goshen Butter, Brandy, Gin and Whiskey, Porter and Ale, Schnapps, Port and Claret Wines, Cal. BuMer, in 5 A 101b. tins Champaigne Wine, New Orleans Sugnr, Crushed Sugar, Bar Sugnr. China No. 1 Sugar, Carolina Rice, China Rico, Boston Svrup, Lemon Syrup, Assorted Syrups, Black and Green Teas, Sperm Candles, Adamantine Candles. Can Fruits, in all varieties, Lamp Wicks, Tobacco, of various brands, Cigars, Barrel Flour, S. R. Flour, Plain Flour, Potatoes and Corn Meal, Brooms and Shovels, Hatches, Axes and Files. Knives, Forks and Spoons, Pick and Axe Helves, Hoes, Hill and Castile Soap, Starch. Cam phi ne, Limp Oil. Iron and Tin Ware, Wrapping & Letter Paper, Sin ok ad Beef, Cal. and Goshen Cheese, Nails, assorted sizes. Shot, Powder and Fuse, lanterns. Cal. and Chili Beans, Bayou Beans, Ground Coffee, Java and Rio Coffee, ('ostft Rica Coffee, Dried Apples, Chili Peaches, Salt, in sacks and boxes, Barley and Wheat, Red Herring, Cocoa Tappioca, Indigo, Maze, Nutmegs, Cloves, Ginger, Alspice, Pepper and Mustard, Cream Tartar, Saleratus, Washing and Baking Soda, Vermicilla and Macarona, Mackerel, Yeast Powders, Pickles, in kegs and glass, CYanberries, Tomato Catsup, Pepper Sauce, Assorted Sauces, Pie Fruits, Quicksilver, Jellies and Jams, in glass. lamp Glasses. Also a variety of other articles too numerous to mention. Our endeavors shall not be required to please those tliat should favor us with a call for any of tjie above articles, or we defy competition for the quality and prices of our goods. Alt Goods purchased of us. delivered FREE OF CHA RGE and with punctuality. e. Deyoung & co. Nevada, Sept. 1856.—1-tf 33 lirond Street, Nevada, Offer to the trade the largest and best se lected stock of Merchandise to be found in this city, at the lowest market prices for CASH. All Gotsls sold by us delivered free of charge in and near town. PROVISIONS. Billing's Hams; New York and Boston Sugar cured do. Oregon Hams; Oregon Bacon; l’ork in whole or half barrels: New York Bacon; California and Oregon smoked Beef; Tlios. Hope & Co. selected Orange County Butter; Jay L. Adams & Co. “ “ Lard; Flour. GROCERIES. A full and complete assortment of all description*. ALE AND PORTER. Tennant’s and Byass’, in quarts and pints. XXX New York Stock Ale, in hhds. and half barrels, brewed expressly for the California market. CIGARS AND TOBACCO. Genuine Havana, various choice brands; Domestic, various choice brands; Fruit Tobacco; 1s t Her Itip Tolmcco. CASED GOODS. Adamantine and Sperm Candles; Soap, Assorted Jellies, Catsup, Fie Fruits, Lemon Syrup, Wolfe’s Aromatic Schnapps, Pine Apple Syrup, Annisetta, Gome Syrup, Hautern Wine, Strawberries, Hock Wine, Pine Apple, Claret Wine. Fresh Apples, Champagne. Heidsick, Pears, Champapne, Munn's Cabinet, Quinces, Raisins, Lobsters, Ginger Wine, Turkey, Vermouth, Chicken, Wormwood Cordial, Green Corn, Masashine, Orgeat, Kirsh, Cider, Rasberry Syrup, Oysters, Strawberry do, Pickles, Brandy Peaches, Blackberries, LIQUORS AND WIN ES. Old Pinett Cartilleon & Co. Brandy, I. Sazerac DeForge, A Brillioun, Louis Le Burton & Co. Vintage 1805, Vin Louis, Bercoit Triocho k Co. J. k F. Martell, Marett k Co.. Champagne, United Vineyard Proprietors, L. Seignette, Meders k Wolfs’ Swan Gin, Jamaica and St. Croix Rum, New England Run), Old Reserve and Bourbon Whiskey, Scotch and Irish Whiskey, Old Tom, Pale and Brown Sherry, in wood and Glass, Old Madeira, in wood and Glass, Old Port, in wood and Glass, For sale by TEAL k CO., 61-tf 33 Broad Street, Nevada. JESSE S. WALL & BROTHER, DEALERS IN GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS, Miner’s Supplies, Preserved Fruits, Liquors, fcc. No. 55 Broad Street, Nevada. [TAVING completed our new fire proof building, we are tl now receiving the largest Stock or Goods ever brought > this place. Having plenty of room, and being secure gainst fire, it is our intention to keep on hand at all times full assortment or all articles to be found in similar estab shmentx. which will be sold to Miners **nd Famihea On the moat Reasonable Terms. Our Stock oonBists in part of the following asssortment of amily Groceries, fcc 500 Qr. Sacks Flour; 10,000 Lbs. Potatoes; 8,000 Lbs. Hams; 3,000 Lbs Gosben butter 3,000 Lb*. S. C. Hams, 100 Bibs. Flour; 3,000 Lb*. Side Bacon; 1,000 Lbs Lard; U. WV LI)» UOSUCU UUIVCI * 1 . ' n With a complete stock of SUGAR COFFEE, TEA, RICE, 1BACCO, FRESH FRUITS, HARDWARE, viUEENSWARE, «- GOODS DELIVERED FREE OF CHARGE We invite the attention of Country Dealers to our large ock of Good*. As we have unusual facilities tor purchas g, we are confident that we can sell on such term* a* will ake it to their advantage to trade with u* instead of dng below for their supplies. , J. 8. WALL fc BROTHER. Broad Street September 18 1W6 —tf. Pour Great Men. It is a remarkable fact, that the career of four of the most renowned characters that ever lived closed with some violent or mournful death. Alexander, after having climbed the dizzy heights of his ambition, and with his temples bound with chaplets dipped in the blood of countless nations, looked down upon a con quered world, and wept that there was not another one for him to conquer, set a city on fire, and died in a drunken debauch. llaunibal, after having, to the astonishment and consternation of Rome, passed the Alps; after having put to flight the armies of the mis tress of the world, and stripped three bushels of gold rings from the fingers of her slaughtered knights, and made her very foundations qnake —fled from his country, being hated by those who once exultingly united his name with that of our God, aud called him Hannibal—died at last by poison, administered by his own hands, unlamented and unwept, iu a foreign land. Csesnr, after having conquered eight huudred cities, and dyed his clothes in the blood of one million of his foes; after having pursued to death the only rival he had on earth; was mis erably assassinated by those he considered his nearest friends, and in that very place the at tainment of which had been his greatest am bition. Bonaparte, whose mandate kings and empe rors obeyed, after having filled the earth with the terror of his name, deluged it with tears and blood, and clothed the world with sack cloth, closed his days in lonely banishment, al most literally exiled from the world, yet where he could sometimes see his country’s banner waving over the deep, but which could not or would not bring him aid. Thus four men, who, from the peculiar situa tion of their portraits, seem to stand as the representatives of all those whom the world called oukat— these four who, each in turn, made the earth tremble to its very center by their simple tread, severally died—one by in toxication, or, as some suppose, by poison min gled in his wine—one by suicide—one murder ed by his friends —and one in lonely exile. Black Hole of Calcutta. There are many persons, no doubt, who have never heard the origin of this often quoted pas sage; for them and others who may have per haps forgotten the subject, we copy the follow ing article which tells the whole mournful story: Lord Clive, while a Colonel of the British ar my, commenced his career as founder of the British 'empire in India. Full of honors and wealth he returned to England, but being de feated in getting into Parliament, in 1755 sailed under the King’s command, again for India, the company appointing him to the Governorship of Fort St. David. But the very day he stepped into the gubernatorial chair, at Madras, the Bengal Nabob took Calcutta. Then came that chapter of unheard-of cruelty, familiar to ev ery child who has learned to read his story books. The tragedy of the Black Hole occur red in 1756, just a hundred years ago. The dungeon was but twenty feet square.— Midsummer heat was parching India. The lit tle garrison thought it all a joke, when they were ordered to go in; but to refuse was to die, for Surujahul Dowlak's orders must be obeyed ; prolonged suffering was better than instant death; they entered, one hundred and forty-six in all. The door was closed, the small aperture admitted neither light nor air. When they be gan to exchange breaths the startling truth burst u])Ou them. The air already was almost putrid; they shrieked, they yelled in mortal agony; they screamed for water and then killed each other over the cup which passed through the grating. While the poor prisoners were biting and squeezing each other’s life away— gasping for air, for water, for anything to re lieve them of their agony—the jailers laughed and danced in pure delight. Holmeil, the high est in rank, offered the jailer heavy bribes; but no, the ' Nabob was sleeping, and no one dared to wake him. In the morning, when the de bauch was slept away, he ordered the dungeon door to be opened, and out staggered twenty three swollen, distorted living corpses! One hundred and twenty-three were piled up—a pu trefying mass of men—all shapes and forms were represented in the death struggle. The English woman who survived was sent to the harem of the l’riuce of Moorsbedcbad. Hol mcil was saved and tells the tale. The dead were burned on the spot, but the harrowing pic ture did not move in the least the granite dispo sition of the human tiger. The horrible deed reached Clive, and the celebrated battle of Plas sey showed the inhuman Nabob that it was a foolhardy thing to trifle with the feelings of Englishmen. The soldiers fought like bulldogs; revenge stimulated them on, and the Nabob’s army of 60,000 strong was broken like a reed. Clive lost but twenty-two men. Turkish Character.— It was said by Gibbon most truly, that the Turks have been, since the Conquest, encamped, not settled, in Europe. They amount to a fourth, or a third at the ut most, of the populatiou of the Sultan’s domin ions. They are scattered in very unequal pro portions over its surface. In some parts they form a tolerably thick agricultural population. In others, as in Constantinople itself, they are engaged in the trades and manufactures of a large city. But no where do they exercise those extended operations of skill and thought which bring men together, cause them to rely on each other, give them the habit of combined peace ful action, and impart to them the intelligence and the energy on which alone a strong com monwealth is built up. The Armenians are their bankers; the Jews their dealers; the Greeks their merchants. The very organization of the people seems to have denied them those finer qualities, both mental and corporeal, which fit men for the superior branches of industry. A Turk’s Qngers, Dr. Walsh quaintly observes, seem all to be thumbs; be has no manual dex terity for any delicate employment, and his mind is as unfit for subtle operations as his body. The Turks neither write nor print (with the ex ception of bombastic poetry and still more bom bastic history.) They do not build but destroy. They show no wish to adorn the soil which they inhabit, or to connect in any way the existence of the present generation with posterity. Their object in this world seems to be mere animal existence, as completely as that of the beasts of the field. Their religious sense is deep, endur ing, exalted; but it is a religion which deadens and stupifies the intellectual faculties. A Successful Missionary.— Several years ago, when the persecution against the converted Armenians in Turkey was raging with viru lence, the Rev. Dr. Hamlin, the missionary there, set up a steam flouring mill, chiefly at his own expense, where the poor refugees might find employment, Dr. H. personally superintend ing its management. On the occurrence of the war, Dr. H. made a bread contract with the Bri tish Government, the profit on which amounted to nearly $25,000, all of which Dr. Hamlin has devoted to the cause of missions in Turkey. He has purchased several churches for the native converts, and provided and sustained preachers, and set on foot other large-sighted and liberal measures from bis own resource*. His move ment in behalf of the Bulgarians, while in Lon don, has resulted in sending two missionaries to that field and an unlimited supply of Bibles. Hebrew, Israelite and Jew. It may not be amiss to give some explanation of these various names by which we are now recognized, inasmuch os what appear as synon omous mark different epochs in tbe original his tory of the naticn. The oldest expression, Hebrew, denotes ‘‘pas sing over;” wherefore, Abraham, who came from Mesopotamia, was called the Hebrew; or, perhaps because of his descent from Eber. The sons of Jocktan having been called Ebrews, be sides the Israelites, who have thus been denoted exclusively, ever since the time of Moses, may possibly confirm this latter opinion. See the note in Rev. J. Leeser's edition of the Bible, which is reliable authority. Had not this ap plication of the term been made exclusively to the Israelites, since their flight from Egypt, tbeu would all the posterity of Eber be denominated Ebrews, being Peleg aud Yoktan. and their de scendants. Abraham was the fifth generation of Peleg; and from Abraham descended Isaac and Ishniacl. The name ‘‘Hebrew” being given to Abraham, of necessiiy his offspring became entitled to the same; and by genealogy tbe Ish maelites of Asia as fully merit the appellation ‘‘Hebrews,” as the descendants of Isaac and Ja cob; which, however, is not accredited from pnrtiality, the name being presumed to descend only through the favored sons. The term “Israelite,” is derived from “Israel,” meauiug the “Prince of God” —the name given to Jacob by the man with whom “he wrestled until .the breaking of the day;” and the name “Israel,” is as often used to denote the nation, as the term “Israelites,” the people. All the sons of Jacob became “Israelites, and, neces sarily, “Hebrews,” from their descent; yet, if we account the persons who lived prior to Ja cob, Israelites, we commit a chronological error. The term “Jew,” is derived from “Judah,” signifying “I will thank the Lord,” and was the name of Jacobs’ fourth son. It is the term most frequently applied to the Israelite nation, and has, in some measure, been brought into disre pute as a name stigmatised by prejudiced gentile writers; for many have thought fit to malign the race for the very faults which they forced upon them. Levi, the third son of Jacob, with Judah, are the only two sons that the tribes of which are recognized to be still in existence, the other ten having become lost. Their descendants should be properly known, respectively, as Jews and Levites. The former classification is lost; but the latter prevails to distinguish them from the tribes of Priests who are the offspring of Aaron. The Levites and Priests are recognized to this day, in the synagogues. Levites, properly, are not Jews any more than Jews are Levites; yet, the term “Jews” is applied to the whole race. We simply intend to point out the epoch when each name became engrafted upon the na tion, and illustrate the appellation. The term “Hebrew” is now Wised mostly to refer to the language: as we say, the Latin lan guage of the Romans. The term “Israelite” is used in respectful addresses to one of the nation. The term “Jew” is used generally, and at times, in reproach, while the man of true faith adopts it in order to banish the false prejudices which surround it. — Voice of Israel. Akkaiii m Vienna between Col. Pearson, of California, anp the Arch-Dcke Cuahi.es.— The following letter has been received by the New York Herald in reference to a recent difficulty which is reported to have taken place at Vien na between Colonel Pearson, of California, and His Imperial Highness the Archduke Charles: Vienna, Sept. 21, 1850. An affair has just occurred here which has caused a good deal of excitement in fashionable circles. Col. Pearson, of California, who arrived here the other day from Moscow, felt desirous of in specting the government buildings, and for that purpose applied for the usual authorization.— lie was informed tlmt no one but niemliers of the European Congress of Sciences, then in ses sion in this city, could be admitted. On receiving this reply, he applied to be re ceived as a memlter of the Congress, stating that his diploma had been destroyed in the great fire at San Francisco. His demand was com plied with, and he was treated with the greatest consideration by all the members of the body, with the exception of the Archduke Charles, who took exception to his admission on the ground of his having no diploma. Col. Pearson felt himself aggrieved by the manner in which the Archduke's objections were made, and felt it due to his honor to call on the latter for an explanation. The Grand Duke be haved in the handsomest manner on the occa sion, and the difficulty was amicably settled. These are the true facts of the affair, which, no doubt, have by this time reached you through other channels. Liabilities of Members op the Vigilance Committee. — We copy the following extract from an aiticle iu the New York Journal of Commerce, on this subject: “Wherever they are found, they can be held to respond in damages to parties injured. In whatever State they may take refuge, they are liable to be seized and carried back to Califor nia, on requisition of its Governor, to be there arraigned on criminal process. The Governor may refrain from’making the requisition, in de ference to a predominant public sentiment at home, which might prevent a conviction there; ! but the liability remains. Every member of the vigilance committee who was present and concurred in the execution of Cora, Casey, Hetherington and Brace, is liable to answer for the crime of murder. Every man among them is individually liable in damages to each of the persons who were exiled or imprisoned by the committee. It matters not whether he actively concurred in the sentence of the committee or not. The fact of his being a member of an as sociation combined for unlawful acts, and pre sent at their commission, makes him accounta ble for the consequences. That this iu no theo retical liability, the recent arrest in this city of the president of the vigilance committee dem onstrates. We point to it with no exultation at the fulfilment of our warning, which declared them no where safe from punishment, short of a refuge in the ranks of Walker’s army: but to illustrate the peril aud the folly which even whole communities of men incur and commit, when they attempt to defy the law, and to set themselves up above its power. More Court Etiquette.— The English seem to have a particular horror of anything yellow. Professor Maban shocked the assembly at the Queen’s levee by his yellow vest, and now some Americans at the Court of the Emperor of Rus sia, have disturbed the nerves of the correspond ent of the London Daily New*, by wearing yel low plumes in their chapeau. He says they were the most stared-at individuals In the place, which is nothing singular, for a live Yankee generally manages to make himself noticed wherever he goes. An equal breach of eti quette, in the correspondent’s opinion, was that the Americans, on leaving the imperial pres ence, turned their backs upon the Emperor.— He congratulates hi« country that Englishmen only retired with their faces to royalty, walking backwards like a crab. The man who “couldn’t stand it any longer," has taken a seat, and now feels qaife comforta ble. WHOLE NO. 164. VARIETIES. Locusts at Shanghai.— Letters from Sbang lme mention an extraordinary flight of locusts which had passed over the city, continuing for several days, and coming apparently from the northwest. On the afternoon of the 17th Sep tember, they literally darkened the air for about an hour, but all day it was one continued flight. Millions upon millions fell into the river. The French frigate Virginie saw them, it is said, fifty miles out at sea. There had been plentiful falls of rain, but the locusts had committed frightful ravages upon the grain crop; and, al together, the season had been a most unfortu nate one for the poor Chinese —first, the long drought, and then this plague of locusts. The natives say such a sight has not been witnessed these fifty years. Is rr so?—It is a proper belief that the age of trees can be determined by the “rings’’ or grains that overlie each other in their trunks. Mr. Joshua Howard, of Maryland, disputes the fact. He says that these rings counted on the section of the tree are not of annual growth, are form ed one at every full moon in the growing sea son, and at the latitude of Maryland five a year. This he has frequently proved by felling trees, the age of which he knew. The extraordinary age given to trees by the popular rule has made many persons doubt whether it is true. Hebrew Cemetery.—' The Israelites of Mokel urane Hill, ns we learn from the Chronicle, have fenced in a lot of ground in that place, with the intention of using it hereafter as a burial ground for their dead. The enclosure is to be beauti fied with trees, shrubbery, See. The Chronicle aptly remarks, that nothing speaks higher for a community, or evhibits a greater degree of re finement and civilization, than a correct and proper degree of respect for the last resting place of those who were lately among us, and whose memory should be honored and cherished. Decidedly Cool Operation. —One of the work men upon Greene's rifles at the Massachusetts Arms Company's works, was so unfortunate, some time since, as to slit the thumb of bis right hand upon a circular saw. Concluding, upon inspection, that the member was used up, he coolly went back to the saw. and bolding the damaged thumb with his left hand, made a clean amputation of it, and then proceeded to have it dressed by a surgeon. The New Cent Piece, recently finished at the United States Mint, Philadelphia, is the size of the old half cent, and is composed of fifty-seven parts of copper, seven of nickel and one of zinc. It has a light appearance, with a faint red tint, and is in beautiful contrast with the American silver and gold pieces, and will not, as the cent did, tarnish them by contact. The weight of the new is only sixty-two grains—that of the present copper cent is one hundred and sixty eight. Steam on the Red Sea. —The Viceroy of Egypt has determined to establish steam com munication between various points on the shores of the Red Sea, and has chartered a steam navigation company, with a capital of ten millions dollars, of which the government will furnish three millions. The enterprise will bo under the direction of Mustapha Bey,, the nephew of the Viceroy. Not Disappointed.— The Sacramento Union says—“Fillmore men didn’t expect anything from the elections in Pennsylvania, Indiana aDd Ohio, and they have not been disappointed.”— If that is so; then the Fillmore orators in Cali fornia “lied like the devil,” for every one of them proclaimed that Fillmore would carry those States. Robbery in San Francisco. —The house of Adam Mengis, keeper of the Rassette Market, corner of Market and Sutter streets, was enter ed uliout 2 o’clock on Tuesday morning, Nov. 18th, and roblicd of $1,600 in gold coin. The money had been placed for safe keeping under the matting in his parlor, and was taken with out awaking the family asleep up stairs. Fashion and Religion. —The New York Churchman laments that so many chnrchmen are not “cheerful givers,” but give grudgingly or sMntedly to church charities; and attributes the pause of this delinquency to “extravagance in female finery,” the expenditures for which, the Churchman avers, are as $1,000 to $50. The Tirf — Unprecedented Time. —A trot ting match took place over the Union Course, L. I., recently, between Flora Temple [and Tae ony—mile heats—Flora to harness—Tacony un der the saddle. Flora wou, distancing Tacony the first heat. Time, 2:24! the fastest heat ev er trotted. Debt of Mexico. —The public debt of Mexico is as follows : Foreign debt, $51,208,250; do mestic debt, $40,000,000; diplomatic conven tions, $11,430,562. Total, $102,688,912. These debts entail an annual charge of $3,933,360 on the finances of Mexico. Some artists are pandering to the tastes of the San Franciscans, by regaling them with,the doings of the Vigilance Committee on canvass, in the shape of a panorama. _ The exhibition takes “hugely,” with the vigilance sympathi sers, and will make a fortune for its owners. Appointment of Receiver. —Mr. Crockett has been appointed Receiver of tbe assets of Page, Bacon A Co., in place of Messrs. Naglee and Parrott. The appo’ntment was made by Judge Hager, of the Fourth District Court, on Tues day. Nov. 18tb. Suicide of an Editor. —Mr. N. B. Dowson, one of the editors of the Davenport (Iowa) Ga zette, cut his throat with a pocket knife, on the 14th ult. He was a gentleman of fine talents, was formerly connected with the press at Zanes ville, Ohio, and fell a victim to intemperance. The oldest One.— Rev. Dr. Spring is the old est clergyman in New York. He has occupied his pulpit forty-six years. Their Use. —The true use of cockroaches, as all truly wise people have known for years, is to flavor fine old Burgundy with. Manufacture of Watches —The number of watches manufactured annually in Neufcbatel, Switzerland, may be calculated to be from 100,000 to 120,000, of which about 35,000 are in gold, and the rest in silver. Now, supposing the first, on an average, to be worth $30, and tbe others $4, it would represent a capital of $1,390,000, without taking into consideration the sale of clocks and instruments for watch making, the amount of which is very large. The United States of America consume the largest quantity of these watches. With the exception of gold ami silver for the manufacture of the watch cases, the other materials for the con struction of the works of mechanism of the Neuf chatel watches are of little value, consisting merely of a little brass or steel. The steel is imported from England, and is reconed the best that can be procured, the brass is furnished by France. With respect to gold and silver, tbe inhabitants of Neufchatel have had for a long time no other resource but to melt current eoin, until they received gold from England, which the English merchants reoeived from California. The number of workmen who are employed in watch-making Is estimated at from 18,000 to 20,000, but it is difficult to arrive at the extfit number, .as tbe population employed the business in their own bon**' -»‘ TJ