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A BRILLIANT NAVAL FEAT! An Account of the Bombardment of the Town of Guaymas. and the cutting out -of the Mexican brig Condor, by the U. S. Sloop-of- War Cyane, Con. Du Ponte. - The Union contains a letter from an officer on board the U. S. sloop-of-war Cyane, Coin. Du Ponte, engaged in the blockade of the Mexican ports on the Pa -cilic, giving an account of the bombard ment of Guaymas, and the cutting out of the Mexican brig Condor, from under the artillery and musketrY of the enemy, on the 7th of October anst. The Mexican account of this affair, published recently. represented that our forces were inglori ously driven of'. It appears from the letter, that the Cyane anchored a mile from the town on 3d of October, when it was discovered that two Mexican gunboats, which she had been in search of, were lying in front of the town dismantled, and their guns landed. The Mexicans were busy haul ing them up in front of the town, and were also dismantling the Brig Condor, which was hauled close in. Allarge concourse of citizens and soldiers assembled in front of the town to watch the Cyane, and resist her Ian ling. Com. Du Ponte informed the neutral vessels of the blockade, ofwhom.he learned 500 well disciplined soldiers were awatt tiog his attack; and that they had com ,pelled the American Consnl to leave three days previous. Ob'the 6th, Con. Du Ponte sent a flag of truce ashore, demandingithe delivery of the two gun-boats. The Mexican com mandant was given three hours to answer .when he refused ti comply with the de amand, "as not comporting with their mili :tary or national character." He was then told twat if the military did not evac uate the town, and the boats were not given up by ten o'clock the next day, the town would be fired on and the boats taken -by force. On the morning'of the 7th, the -Cyane hauled up to within 1100 yards of -the town, being as near as she could get .at high tide, and soon after a reply to ,Com. Du Ponte's last communication was ,received, being a peremptory refusal to -comply with defiance and gasconade. Com. Du Ponte was then waited on by -four persons, representing themselves as neutral merchants, who requested that hostilities might not be commenced for three days, to allow them to remove their . effects. They stated that not a woman or child remaiued in the place, that 500 men .were under arms; and that to defer bostili ties would not enable the Mexicans to throw up batteries or receive reinforce ments, which turned-out to be untrue, as -the next day 300 armedtfndians, mounted, - - arrived, being-tbe advance-of -a body Of 700 to arrive on the subsequent day. Com. Du Ponte refused the request of the four men, as be suspected they were colleago ed with the Mexicans. He. gave them an hoar, however, but no sooner had they returned to the shore than both the gun b, ats were discovered with the Mexican - flag flying and on firs. n-.u:h to the regret o our men. The writer then details what oc,-urred as follows. We at once fired two Paixhans at them, which dispersed those that were firing them. It was soon evider~t that they were -thoroughly fired and. we -considered so much of our work as done-work, too, which we-thought hazardous, as th~e gun -boats were hauled up and the shore was .Jined with-buildings and walls that gave protection to their men, and- witltin fifty yards of them ; besides, we could see that they had prepared entrenchments to cover them,.anti had also the two guns taksen from the gn-boats, and severdl-pieces of. field ordinance. We felt they had yielded to our ability to take them, which was ac tually striking to seventy-five men-the. most that we could hiavelanded,.and with these they coumld htvetcomfeto a hand-andl kend eeflictib two feet water. Our ship's -bobpny tras very ,nheb'redbeecd itt nom ber, all of ouir marine guard, with the lieu -thnaut of marines, having been left to garrison the town of Los Angelos, Upper California. WVe had ufficered and manned -the prize schooner Julia with one lieuzten atnt, one midshipin and twelve men, which, together with our sick fit, left our eflective force greatly reducefi., The writer then states the Corn. Dui Pont, in sawer to the Spanieh onwul, replied that he would not open his fire again, unless seome offensive act was com mitted by tbe inhabitantf, wlio w-ere at li berty to ret urn .to -their a'vecationts; that hec had accomplished -dl h6 desired, and convinced the Mexicans thit 'hii previous forbearance arose from a desire to protees the property of neutrsls. A captain of a neutral vessel, who was on shore during the hombardment, reports :sit the enemy had expressed themselves -nnur'kutly, that they could beat olffany f--ie that might atiemfpt to cut out the Cazdor, andt that our firo bad been most destaLctive~ to the' buillings-; thatjit was -m'ost fortunately directea to .cover our. boa's; that our Paittan sliellsliad expld ded in the inside of a11uiti and turned it inside out, and that-so great was the force of our 32-pounid shot, that odle had gone through five house wblls, mnd buried itqelf i the sixth;.and that six persods were wounded. As far as he could ascertain, none were killed. It tvas reported subse quently, that several of the enemy were killed. The Cyane left ihe harbour on the 9.h, without molestation. ,We now set manfully at our remaining -wonk, which was to eut out the only Mex -iean-vessel lying in the harbor, (the neu trals hadl hauled out, as they were direct ed.) This was the brig Condor, anchored within pistol-shot of the town, and within short musket range of the troops concen rraled behind the hill 1 have before men tioned. She evidently was not burned when the gunt-boats were, on account of her being more completely covered-by their combiued fs,rees, lying tn a cove so-far be -hind this bill that they could-fire upue-her from their protected positton, without ea posing themselves to the ship's guns. Our launch, with her gun-a 12-pound carro nade-mounted in her bows, and the third cutter, were called away, with their crews armod and equipped. Lient. G. W. Har rison in command of the expedition in the launch, with Miifshipiman N. H. Crabb and acting Boatswain James Collins. This ,tird enuor with Lient. Edward Hinains and Midshiir'in ,R.F . f. Lewis. with -some extra small-arm men, shoved oWi at half-past elevet. ..-Lying on their oars a few minutes, alongside, they were addres sed by Captain Duponte in a few perti neat remarks, setting forth the necessity of his sending ,them upon so hazardous an expedition, wishing them to show the ene my, by the manner of bringing out the brig from her more exposed position, how they would have handied the gun-boats. The officers and men in the boats-envied by all on board, for such was the enthu siasm, that every man was disappointed that was not selected for the expedition gave way, and pulled directly for the brig.. We at once opened the fire from the ship upon the town with round and shell shot, concentrating theire'ipon the government buildings, which, fortunately, formed a apace between'this hill, behind which the military lay, and where the Condor was dying. Our fire had-the-effect to make the troops withdraw a littlelto find greater se ceurity behind the highest part of the hill; we-soon -saw that our shot and shells were doing fearful execution by the holes in the walls of the houses. As the enemy did not open upon ourboats itnmediately, our rre was slackened for fear that our shell might burst before reaching the shore, and do injury to our own people. When our boats boarded the Condor, the enemy, with three cheers, opened up on them with volleys of musketry and an 18 pounder charged with grape and round shot: and a culverine situated within nus ket range of them. Our fire from the ship was at once-fiercely resumed, and so well directed, that it prevented the enemy from approaching jtbe Condor, confining them behind the hill, as the- whole space was swept by our shot nd shells. 'Their fire was also warmly returned by our launch's gun and the small armed men drawn up on the deck of the brig. Her cable, though of iron, was soon cut with an axe, and our men were- heaving cherily upon the haw ser, running to the kedge anchor, which they had dropped as they approached the brig, with 'off she goes, and off she must go. In the mean time, the enemhy's fire be came so hot, that Lieut. Harrison ordered the brig to be fired, fearing the boats might be disabled. This work was done under showers of balls, as they were receiving the fire of at least five hundred muskets. When she was warpped-up in-the kedge, -she was Laken in-tow by the boats-; it was at this amoment that the enemy had some exbtation, seeing the boats pulling away from the brig, and not observing the haw ser which was slack, they thought the boats were beaten off, but they soon saw the'hawser tighten and-the brig follow the boats; the -let cutter Was sent to- assist in towing in-charge of Acting Master J. F. Stenson. -The brig was soon out of range of the enemy's musketry, the fire was far ignit ed, she was towed to leeward of us, and the boats cast off-we ceased aring, our officers and men were joyously received tiot a man was injured, which seemed mi raculous-the brigs side and masts were full of shot, and one of our launch's oars was broken by a grape shut, the only in jury do us. It seems quite as strange and fabulous to me, an eye witness, when written, as it must to you, that two boats, containing about fifty men, should be ex posed to so great a fire for from twenty to thirty minutes, without sustaining inju ry ; but such is the whole.tru'h. I believe you may search naval records in vain for a better planned or more complletely exe cuted expedition. Its en'i:e success with out loss is the highest evidence of its just conception and its gallant exccution. The spirit that lighted the -fires at Tripoli is still alive in our navy. The old spirit is not buiried, but raised up. It must be -recollected this cutting out was made at mid-day, and previous notice g?en. The trbth is, the enemy did not open their fire upon our boats until they boarded the brig, whten, with thzree cheers they opened upon them, belie-ving that they ha'l every man bagged that was in reach of their shot. There can be no doubt they felt that they had them trap ped, from their exultatiotn. Never did a *et of men behave better than ours diti. ietico.-The N. 0. Bu'illetin of the 3d inst, says :--We have seen letters of 7th danuary, from the city of Mexico, and from parties having access to-high sources of information, which express, in decided ter1ts, the belier that the differet6ce be tween the two nations will very spebdiLy be amicably and-honorably settled." THE NEWS FROM MEXICO. We deem 'the last intelligence fro~m Meic6 of the highest importance, al though the report of the assassination of Santa Anna should not be confirmed, The loss of the only moa~tio Mexico capable of eding her armies would ho an irre para ble blow, .Buit thd intelligence in other respects, significant of the distracted state of public affairs, and is the prelude to a bchange of public opinion in that country, leading to the speedy esceutlancy of the Peace part~y. T-be arnmpt to con iscate the property of the Church, the only means of replenishing the Mexican wr-chest, is producing such a reactiont of -entiment against the war. which cann.?t be prosecuted unless by spuliation of the ecclesiastical revenues, that the public councils must soon feel the infiluence of this popular impulse. But if to this is added those dissuasive to the continuance of the war, which the concentration of our military forces, pre paratory to an attack on Vera Cruz by sea and land, present, the conclusion is resistible that-negotiationls will sooni suc ceed these impoi-tatn occurronces. Santa Anna has ncot been able to prevent the junction of tirose detached portions of the American forces as had been se parated 'by long distances, and their ocemipation of such positions as will give efficiency to our military operations. When this ia ta ken in connaeaion with the remarks of Mr. Sevier in the Senate of the United.States, these impressions with regard to pie~ce are greatly strengthened. Although we do not suppose, as before expressed by us, that there has been any official communi catio.: betwe'en our Government and that of Mexico, in relation to an accommoda ton of difference between the State De partment at Washington and persons in Maenic well acquainted with the statw of public sentiment there. i-emarks of Mr. Sevier.have noothen'oference on the mind. We should not be prised there fore, if in less than -one ath nez'ocia tions are- resumed.--Chas. Eve. News. Correspondence of the Chars. Courier. - WASHINGTON, l eb..3.1847 The Senate, to-day. became involvod in a long discussion of the Joint Resoltions from the House, presenting the thanks of Congress. to General Z. Taylor.and the army tinder his command, -both regulars aud.wvolunteers, for their gatlant conduct in storming Monterey. .,.hese were ac .companied by tho .ose with a disseria tion on the character of tb vr, and with a reservation of Coogressi # thanks for Gen. Taylor's conduct, so fii as the terms of the armistice aud: -the capitulation was concerned : . - Mr. Speight, of M ississippi, moved to strike out the proviso in.regard to the ca pitulation. Mr.:Bagby spoke several times in de fence of the provis3. 'He was out and out opposed to the terms; o the capitull tion. Mr.'Buter, -of 'S. C.,(spoke very elb rquently in support of preen og the.thanks of Congress to Gen, Ta la'in a graeions and universal manner. Mr. Calhoun maintaiied!the same view. The exception, he said, vas ~inconsistent with the thanks bestowed for the-conduct of Gen. Taylor and hisirmy in stetrting Monterey. f.tbo capii fattedwasp Sub ject unconnected with :tliebattle,.thenit was improper to introditde it . Mr. Webster oljectedge another tart of the resolutions characietizing 'the war. He would prefer a direciunemharrassed resolutions of thanks.- -G6, Taylor had a right to an investigatio i by a Court, of Inquiry before he could, be'cebsured. Mr. Speight's motion to strike out the proviso was agreed to,25'to 23. - Mr. Webster moved.a,siibstitute for the resolution in the form'oftfibresolutions of thanks adopted at the ite g esion, in ref erence to the operations ol he Rio Grande. This was agreed to, an'd he resolutions, as amended, were passgfunanimously yeas 42, nays none-though two or three remained silent. So it was resolved that the thanks of Congress are due, and are bereb~y'tendored to Major'General Zacha T'1aylor, his of ficers and men, for the . rtude,.skill, en terprise and courage digpayed by them in-the military operations of Monterey. The resolution goes to the Housefor con currence. February 4. I learn that Mr. CalUoun intends to take some part lpt the dbssion ofthe bill making appropriations.to bring the war with Mexico to -a speedy. and honorable close. The debate will be'oue of high interest. It was.expected to cone on to day, but did not, for tihq eason that Mr. Berrien, of Gco., who I~ad tbefloor, was unable to speak to-day. 'hc supplement to.the Sub Treasury act reported last eveningis found to mod ify and relax the systemin8soine respects. The Government willfngernbled by it to purchase foreign gold andsilver cons with Treasurv notes and droif."it -a rate not heyond [heir comtieeicial' value." This will be a convenience to the Government. The commercial value of, the Mexican doubloons is ten or twelve per cent bo yond their mint value, and the Govern ment can obtain them in exchange for Treasury notes or drafts. The provision for the deposite of mo ney in the Sub-Treasury .vaults and the reception of chocks ont the same at the Cusomn H-ouses, is one of much imopor tauce in reference to the convenience of the public and of the Government. It w as promised and .proposed as a part of the bill at'thie late sessioni, but failed. It will prevent all the carting amid counting~ of money thathe Sub-Treasury plan now requires,Fe.. The great questioui of the Session is now under discussion-the Bill giving the Pres ident the power to bring Mexico to a speedy and honorable conclusion. Many of our greatest statesmen are supposed to hesitate in regard to their couse on this subject. T be House have been supposed t6 be resolved and determined to cobnect wvith it Wilmot's proviso. But it is now a matter of doubt alieiher that proviso can be carried, even in the House. The danger in which it would involve the democrattic patty is a strong argument against, aud it lhas been urged with such effect, that, the Northern dernocrats will probably waive :it tintil ihe conclusion of -the per, The Senate have the-Bill uflder cnnisid eration, and to-day, Mr. Berrien, of Ga.. made a spe-chu of nea4y three hours upon ii, vhich commanded-much attention. Mr. Berrien supported the viwsJ which are expressed. in his amendment. to wit -that the war is not to be prosecuted *vi'h any view to the dismemberment or conrquest of Mlexico; that this government is always ready to enter upon negotiatkins to terminate the present unhappy-conflict; and that, in order to restore amicable re lations, the boundary of .Texas should be enticably settled, atnd provision mhade for the adjustment or -the just claims of our citizens. *Mr. Case dffered a stbttitute for the ametndm-ent, declaring that tile war exis ted by the acts of Miexico ; that Congress had. recognized the war ; that the interest and honor of the country required that it shodid be vigoroQudy prosecuted ; that just indemnities should be-required ; and that the extent and nature of these indemnities .-fust be left to the FExecutive-in his nego tiations for a treattv, which treaty will bie subject to the actiko of the Senate, when ii shall be -presen'ted to the -Sedaite for rat ification. The speeeci of Mr. Berried was power ful and made a deep impression- - e wvas opposed to the- recognition of war, and neither voted for nor against it ; but he voted for every Bill providing for carrying it on. He was willing to vote for men and money to prosecute the war to what he considered as an honorable termina tion; but he claimed. for Congress the power todirect and control tIle obje-ets of the war. The doctrine that; after war was declared, Copgress hadnothing to~ do but to vote supplies, without regard to their extent or object, he repudiated as a .ubhersias ofr nutiition. amnd leading necessarily-to the e&.ablishment of a mili tary despotism. Mr. Calhoun was an attentive listener to the whole of. Mr. Berrien's speech, no one seemed to be.desirous to take the floor, and on the motion of Mr. RIeverdy John son, after Mr. Cass had declined speaking at present the Senate adjourned. The Southern whigs are extremely de sirous to evade the slavery question which must arise upon the question of an nexing foreign territory. If evaded now, it will again spring un. The effort is to prescribe terms to the Executive wtMich will prevent the acquisition of territory. except as an extension of the territory of Texas, where slavery already exists and has been recognized by Congress. If Mexican territory be acquired in any other way, the North will, it is'supposed. insist that.slavery shall be excluded from it. The South must then resist, or give another evidence of their attachmnent to the Uni-n by sabmission. -February 0. There is reason to believe that Mr. Cpl .houn .hoLuls utnre power at .this moment, then he ever did at any former time. lie holds the balance in the Senate, upon all questions. lie has used his power ti this session only to defeat the appointment of a Lieutenant General; and to defeat the exceedingly injuditious qualification at tached by the House to the -resolutions giving the thanks of Congress to General Taylor.. 4e can how use it with more ef fect, and upon a question of vastly greater importance. -t is.n.his power to c,,ntrol the conduct and objects of .the war, and even to force the adoption of such mea sures as will bring it to a speedy termine tiou. Mr. Calbouti's. intentions and views on this subject are not well known even to his friends around him. But I imagine that he will not take side with either party, but carve out a course which one or athe other, and moreprobdbly the whi-g party will follow. I doubt whether he a ill sup. port Mr. Berrien's amendment. . am sure that he. would scorn Mr. Cass's. I am inclined to believe that hie will not support Mir. Sevier's bill as it is. He will piobably offer some amendment to the bill, declaratory of the opinion of Congress as. to the objects of the war, atid the terms of peace, and tho.proper mode Of obtaining peace. 4 should doubt whether he will give his assent to the acquisition of any territory from 4lexieo. beyond the Rio Grande, or whatever may be the boundary of Texas ultimately agreed upon; naless it'be some port or ports on the Pacific, for the benefit of our commerce. But we shall soon see. In the Senate, this morning, Mr. Dix presented the Joint Resoldtions of the Legislature of New York, declaring that it is the duty of the citizens to sustain the war with Mexico till terminated by a fa vorable peace ; that no peace can be re garded as honorable which does not se cure indemnity for aggressions on the part of our citizens ; that in any territory here tfirto be antced or pequircl elevery or involuntary servitude shall be forever excluded, by a fundamental and unaltera ble provision in the act by which said ter ritory is acquired or annexed. The rebo luions were ordered to be printed. The resolutions produced much sensa tion. Mr. Bagby, who said he had never before heard resolutions instructing the Senators from New York on this subject, and considered them of such import as to require immediate notice, offered a reso lution on the subject, which was read and lies over. Mr. Bagby's resolution declares it to be the sense of the Senate that the reso lt ions of the New Yuork Legislatture con eerning slavery, (citing it,) "is a deroga tion of the Constitution or the U. States and at war with the rights and interests of the States in which slavery exists." This is the beginning of this business. Where the end of it will be, no one can tell. I have had means to learn the opinion of Senators on the subject of Wilmot's proviso, and I do tnt think ihat, '.at this session, it een be carried. B'ut it comes so near to it, that there would be a tie vote in full Senate, if Mr. Semaple, of in diato, were here. Buat as he will nut he here. the vote in full Senate-.supposing of course that the Iowa Senators will not e here-will be yeas 27, nays 28. Last year, M1r. Sempie~ htad very nearly been the cause of defeatind the rarilf of 1846, by going away. Hie had taken his seat in the cars, when frietnds of the administra tion persuaded him to returu, though his baggage went to Baltimore. This year his absence is a subaject of gratulation amongst the frieeds of the Administration, for he would probably be compelled to vote in favor of the proviso. Upon what tri fling circamtatices the greatest events de pend ~! Bu t-i doubt whbet her the proviso of Mr. \Vimot will be carried in the House at this session- There are some 20 Northern de-rnocrats who are of the opinion that the ie has not come to act-on this subject, and itl vote ajgaintst the proviso. This will settle the question for the present. But it wvill spring up wvith fresh -vigor the next Congress.Feray. 'Phe -Ten Regiment Bill is in some dan ger of being entirely lost. We shall-know its fate to mrrow. 'rho ctferenice be tiveen the Coinmittees of the two IHouses. resulted in a proposition that the Senate recedes from their amendment, prevent ing the-President fronm appointing tthe offi cers of thiose Regi-nents during the-recess the Senate, so far as to permit the com pany. officers to be appointed during the recess. The House adopted the report, and the Senate rejected the .report as to the nomiinations. The Senate adopted the report as to the salaries of th~e Ctaaplains, which is fixed at-750 dollars, anti the latnd bounty -f-r those men who have been,. or shall be discharged before they performed twlve.mnonths service. wvhich is reduced from eighty to forty acres. . Mr, Calhoun wvas very earnest in his opposition to the report of the Commit tee. He resisted the proposition to give the President the appointment of te 0111 cers, without the assent of. (he Senate, first obtained, and unconstitutional and in e~pedient.. Mr. Berrien. Mr. Badgdr and others, took the same, course. Mr. Cass was of opinion that, without this power, the Pre .Bidene cnnuld noe fil ,,n the nlcnrs. Mir. E3adger, in adverting to this, said that the President could detain the Senatc for the ,urpose of completing the appointments. Mr. Butler, M.. Mason and Mr. Yulee, roted with Mr. Calboun.on this subject. FhIe House may recede from their disa ;reement to the Senate amendment, or sk a further conference. But Mr. Ben on will, to morrow, bring forward some mew project. He says that the bill will jave to be begun over again. Tbe defeat )f the (bill will be a sure disappointment to he many young men here who are waiting for commissions. I doubt whether he Ten Regiments will go to Mexico at all. The three million Bill was taken up, tad Mr. J. C. Ingersoll explained and de fended it. Its object w'as as its terms ex pressed, to enable the President to bring the war to a dose.. Mr. Ingersoll being pressed by a whig 'tember from Penn., fur a more distinct statement of the ob lect. said that it wasto buy Californiaand New Mexico-'where, he was happy to inform his colleague, slaves could not be had. Mr. Ingersoll opposed the anti slavery proviso offered by his colleague, (Mr. Wilmot,) as untimely, out of place, and unwise. Feb. 9. Mr. Calhoun's speech on the Mexican war is, perhaps, one of his greatest tri umphs. It was delivered under circum stauces that attracted to it much public interest, and it fully met public expecta tion. It is now the sole .topic of conver sation. I have heard- various opinions expressed in regard to it, but none that do notseem to recognize the practicability sod plattsi"llity of his view's. Some of ,he more prominetit 'ilemodrats -say that They fear Mr. Callnun's views, to which they are opposed., wlll b' adopted, if not by :Congress, by the Executive. One dietber, whose opinions are worthy to be oted, said that Mr. Calhobn had- im pressel Mr. Polk with his own views of he Oregon question, and might do the taneas to the Mexican question. More aver, it is certain'that whatever may be he policy of Congress and the Executive is to t-he ivar, the operations of the present :aeupaign will be limited by necessity. From the Baltimore American. ABsTRACT OF Ma. CALHoUN's SPEECH, On the 3.000,000 Bill. in the U. S. Senate. The three million bill was then taken p. and Mr. Calhoun commenceb his re narks. He said that never since our eotntry has been upon the sitge-f d'tiou have we been placed ip-a more critical position. We werein the midst of a war and there was also a question of greatdo inestic inquietude. He hoped there would be the fullest discussion upon both topics before the close of the session, short as:it was. The important question was how should this war be prosecuted ? There were two ways-the one to push on in the hostile country, and the other to take s defensive position.-Which was the best ? Mr. C. said it was a grave question, and one to whichihe had given his most deliberate a'teanton. His judgment was that the defensive position was the best, -the best to bring the war to a certain and -successful end. This would result in most economy,-and most honor. If he rightfully understood the objects of the war this was consistent. The causes for which this war was commenced were three: To repel invasion. To establish the Rio Grando as a boun dry. To secure indemnity due to our citizens. The two first were first considered. The President did not ask Cungress to declare war. Hie asked Congress to re cognise the existence of the a-ar, and he assunmed that there was invasian because the Mexicans had crossed ,the Rio del Norte. Trhe President and Congress had re grded the primary objects of the war. the est ablish menit of Boundary. Congress has avowed no other Ghject than this. Being itn the war, however,-it was rec metded that it be prosecuted foIr the payment our claims. The two objects nf the war had been maintained--Invasion replied, the Rio Grandle secured, and we could safely act upon the defensive. Mr. Calhoutn went On to state what the character of this defence should be. It ought to be near our supplies-in proximi ty to our country, convenient, &c. To wards Mexico we otught to be most liberal, not only because she was our neighbor and a sister republic, but a great power upon our Continent. More than this, Mexico was one of the greatest problems connected with our foreign relations. There was a mysteriotus contunection be tween her and us. She was as forbidden fruit. The day of her death would be almost the end of our political existence. Her independence, her capacity, her greatness, should be esteemed by us a. next in importance to our own. Mr. Calhoun defined what he thought a good boundary defence. Beginning at the mouth of Del Norte, continue to Pass delNorte, and then due west to the Gull of California, and it wvould strike the head of the Gult. This he would defend. It would give us the Rio Grande from its mouth to its source, andI he had consulted military men who said that three forts and four regi ments would be sufficient for all purposes, as followvs: One fort at the month of the Del Norte. One near Camargo. One at Pass del Norte. From the waters which seperate the Del Norte from entering the Gulfof Cal ifornia one more might he placed. Hence five regiments and a small Na val Peace establishment, could successfu.l ly defend the boundary. This coun'ry was of little importance to Mexico, but of great importance to us. I-t had only 100,000 people, and these were spread over 600,000 squsres miles. An open uninhabited country wos the best for us; we wvanted space for-our pop ulation which doubled once in twenty three years. It wvould be eighty millions in forty-six years. This country (liew Mexico) was remote from Mexico, farther from her than from Washington. Foi the first titne the savages were making gret inroads upon the Europeans. -This .a ;n, becauen the Spaniards. were noi brao,'but because they -wet e disarmed by the Federal authorities of:M eiieo. - This country he would :recom'mend to -be.beld'not as absolute hut as subject to negotiation; and so he would say to Mexi co. He would deal with her liberally, and do so from the first. Until such Peoce.should''be made, he would hold all the ports in Mexico n hich could be hell without too great 'a sacrifice of men and money. He would impose a low rate of duty, not exceditig ten per cent, and this would yield a sufficient Revenue to ensure the payment of the defence which would not cost.more than between two and three millions of dollars. - The efTect of this polif r'would be no more taxes, a reduction of6ieen millions, and the great measures a hich he~td his friends (free trade) held so muc-h'ht'heart, saved. --- rn He did not think' that Mexico would hold out'under'such astate of fact. She would see that wer'e'e resolute, and yet meaning her no harm. She was now maddened, excited, bold-and (determined. Under a different polity she would see an honorable peace ahead.' 'Supposing this not to be the -case, we should not suflen. We should have war without the cost, and without hazard of any kind.. " Mr. Calhoun went onto show his op. position to an offensive v4r,.7fle was op pused to it because, there'ivas ho' certainty that'it woulti end-rhewar, and if it did it wnuld lose us men, money and.national reputation. The real and true object of carrying on such a war, we were told, was .got-couquest, pnd we.migbt so presume because in tle .defensive. line be had marked oat it -wa's not avowed.. To conquer p'eae'was to make war, and how dould peace'be -ohtained but by treaty? Atre'aty wad'our objeer not a treaty that would suit Mexico, but one that would suit us. Mrs C. appealed to the humanity of men if such a sacrifice could be made. But this only touched the shell of the case. There was no certainty that .we could reach the city of Mexico, and ' going there the presumptioniwas that-we meant. to despoil the country, or -a portion of it. larger than all the land between the Alle ghanies. and the (tocky Mountains. And how could ivb h'old-dfie country in an of-. fensive Wlir'? qt' 'iozld take still more tthe and a still greater sacrifice of life. Mr. C. said the natural obstacles were many. There was the hot country fery extended, and eight--months, and not n frequently ten months were-most unheal thy. March was a doubtful month. April an unhealthy month. Had we now force enough to march to Mexico. encountering the voinito? If we could not, Mexico would be encouraged ; and if we got to Mexico' ho bid Nve 'to deal with'? A proud and an ob'finate people-full of delay, renowied 'for their disposition to hold out. Mr. C. aid if we failed there would be 1a third campaign, and if we had a third campaign, could we raise the men and money ? and if we went on we should have a guerilla war like that between France and Algeria-between Russia and the Caucassus. The spirit of volunteer- - ing was now gone-men were .returning sickly and diseased It'wouldbe access ry to recruit 20,000-men. Could wi,raise them, and if we could whence would como the money to pay them ? , Miany of the States wereopureed with omenous debts, and could not ,beat addi tional taxation. And if the 'ltxes could be raised,jwas there any thing like'zeal os unanimity in carrying on the war ? There were many who believed the war copld have been-avoided,,and ought to be avoi dud. Many believed .it unconstitutional and enjist. datiy believed it ought to be prosecuted further. He would like -to give hmis opinion upon all those topics, but 'c661d not consistently now. But there w as another tremendous qutes tion remaining, to whom should this ter ritory belong if we obtained it ? The North hadl come to the . conclusion that there should be no slavery there. If this was a feeling in the free States, wi th how much force did it come home to the peo ple of the Slave States ? Sternness would be met with sternrness, and he could assure gentlemen of that. But he would go into this subject further. Mr, .C. said he only alluaded-.to it to show that there could be no unanimity in such a war, and if the South should see subject itt this light, there would not be one man here in favor of a vigoous pros ecution of the war. There hd been six teen campaigns in Africa. many in Rus sia-but the war cotntinued --with us, and would be with us if wve *ere-not wise. Mr. C. asked how many campaigns should we be compelled to have wIth a.powerful Priesthood in Mexico..and great .natural obstacles ? All our efforts swould he .to carry on a war to'.get that which we~ now bold. Go on, a'nd yogp .will sacrifice a hundred thousn'd valuable lives, and spend three -hundred .'millions of money. Free trade would also be destroyed. Nor could the people of.Mexico be annexed to us. They were not homogenous. They were unlike.us, and men would hereafter regret it to the, longest day of their lives. He shoold .vote against the amendment of the Senator from Michigan, and reserve himself for otber questions hereafter. South Carolina Rail Road.-T he fol lowing is a statement from 'the books of this Company,. showing the unpreceden ted increase of nearly one hundred per cent in the receipts of the Road for the month of.January, 1847, over that of the1 correspounding month in 1846 :. danuary,'46., the receipts were 832,y6192 4'.47, " " 65,972 66 An in'er..ase of$32,52064, being within a fi-action of 100 per et. To the above mustbe added the mronthly iiail receipts dl' 3,330 33 Murder.-Amos rqoling murder was committed in the lowver part, of ibis Dis trict. on Friday last, by Win. Gafiney on the body of one o'fbisinal& slaves. Gaff ney, we -learri, had since absconded. This i's his second offence, and we trust he may be arrested and made to suffer the peniaty of the law.-Colubia Chronicle. Miss Drummnond,'ihe Quaker Preaches-. ess, was asked whether the spiritiever in spired her with the-thought of getting mar ried? "No, .friend," said she, "Attib.. fleh hia.