Newspaper Page Text
TO TRAIN HUNTING DOGS
ILL-TREATMENT AND THE BAD RE
"SULTS WHICH FOLLOW.
There Are Times When tho Whip Should
Be L'std aa a Corrective; Punishment
Orien IiHcted Without Kennon Does
Irreparable Harm-Shyness Due to Fear
Fear in all its forms, bird shyness
(commonly- called blinking), whip
shyness, man shyness, gun shyness, or
a shyness in taking the initiative in
anything is the common result of
harshly repressive and tyrannical
method? Accordingly as the fear is
asscK?a-c<?? with a particular object, so
= one kind of shyness may be
: exhibited. . but ?fear may be
; associated with' several objects if
: there is a cause for lt from the dog's
I point of view; and badly treated dogs
: may show all the different forms, with
a general apprehensiveness that some
^itthing dreadful is likely to happen at
any moment Sometimes a form of
shyness may result from the mistake
of a moment, but generally it is the re
l rauit' of systematic harshness.
Wnateyer the cause, shyness of any
Kincf*is "more or less a serious check
on the dog's training, and if it is of
the kind known as blinking it may go
far toward rendering him him worth
. less. ,
The trainer who succeeds best must
have a genuine liking for dogs, else he
is predisposed to habitual harshness or
indifference. Those who have no fond
ness for t?- ?rn -are rarely much of a
success aa' skllfull educators," and gen
erally the dog which is so unfortunate
as to be under their schooling has met
bis misfortunes of life at its very out
set
While a dog may misbehave and
therefore need punishment as a pre
ventive, it must ever be considered
-.. that lhere are degrees of it, times for
it, and a manner of applying it which
menders itrmost effective. One trainer
rmay whip a dog severely without
thereby losing his confidence or abat
* lng his ardor, another /me may give
.v a less punishment and still evoke shy
ness. The one had the dog's confl
t .dence and affection; the other had but
6 a small part of thom.
A dog over-trained ls of much less
value as a worker than one that is
but .partially trained but whoso nat
ural capabilities are unimpaired. Ia
^fl?s conniption it may be usefully re
marked that practically the properly
trained dog works without orders at
all. Man and dog seek with concert
ed action or supplement each other's
efforts, working together for mutual
success as a team. The dog, allowed
to work-in his own manner, but re
stricted more and more to apply bis
work in the service of the gun as his
'training progresses, in time learns
that great success results from the
joint efforts of his master and himself;
.and he then performs his part with
intelligence and a practical manipu
* latlon of means to ends, far beyond
any knowledge which could be con
veyed to him by his teacher.
A knowledge of the evils of over
training is essential in the develop
ment and training of field dogs, but
i^. is still more essential in respect to
field trial dogs. However satisfactory
to ills owner an over-trained dog may
be in field work, he will not be con
- sldered as even making a gond show
?Ing^frtwn in competition with properly
. trained dogs, which are performing
under the critical eye of .the judge.
Training a dog to loud orders is a
bad, course method of teaching obedi
ence. It is Indicative of bad temper
in ttte trainer, accomplishes nothing
. which' could not be accomplished In a
quieter way, is distinctively offensive
to every one wthin hearing of the
-hullabaloo, and gives alarming no
"tjee to all the birds in the neighbor
Hfood" that a~ dangerous, bloodthirsty
mau has invaded their habitat, lt
thoa impairs success.
Oftentimes the Mnateur trainer takes
bis gun and goes forth to kill birds,
taking a green puppy along and mak
w?iagihe educaci?n of the latter a mere
'incident of his sport. Such is not at
all training in a proper sense. It is
commencing. at.a point which should
bo at a much later stage in the dog's
education.
After the training has once been be
, fg^ ^jjegularity in the lessons is of
' "prime importance. For Instance, it
will be conceded at once tnat it ls
^gjclfy jbfcttes > fo?, give a dog
a- , half-hour lesson on each
OT** ten clays" than ll is to give
r him:?,;lesson of five hours' duration
^pa?one day. While a dog has very
; good powers of memory, he soon for
get* his first lessons if it is not re
freshed by daily repetition in respect
to. them. The trainer may have a
similar forgetfulness concerning hi3
r?vn first lessons, ??? whi'h should ad*
monish him to be considerate.
. While punishment ?. times is a ne
"cesslty, its use as a whole is unnec
essarily comprehensive. There Is no
' doubt out that it is inflicted in most
iCaaesi under a mistaken belief that it
( Hs useful in forcing the dog to learn
what the trainer desires he should
leam and that it really accomplishes
the desired purpose. The idea, so ap
"pHeSris a" mistaken one. Punishment
never teaches a dog anything other
'than in a negative manner; that is
! to say, it simply deters him from do
. f?g certain -hlngs. It does not in tho
:Riast 'ada to the dog's sum total of
: knowledge in a developmental manner.
For Instance, If the dog is punished
for chasing a rabbit he learns that
the act has painful associations which
are likely to again recur if the act
is repeated, and expecting this he for
- bears chasing. The punishment does
I not in the least teach him the reason
: wfcyfhe.must not chase, nor, indeed,
\ qpything about chasing other than
! tixat'the act results in pain to himself.
It, s a deterrent, and he understands
nothing more concerning iL On the
other hand, if he had not the natural
impulse, and inclination, no degree
of punishment would teach him how
to chase a rabbit or even to chase it at
all. From the dog's point of view,
there is no wrong In chasing a rabbit,
chicken or sheep, etc. They are his
natural prey; his delight In their pur
j suiL is unbounded, he is following the
natural impulses of his ' nature; it is
; his manner of obtaining the necessi
I tte? of dog life; yet, if punished, he
yields tn superior force and desists.
There is no part of a dog's education
in which punishment ls of any bene
fliTfe??pt as a corrective. The dog's
knowledge increases only from expe
rience..-The trainer cannot force his
own knowledge Into the dog by vir
tue of whip or spike collar. Even
when forciiiC a dog to retrieve with the
latex? instrument, its value is purely
negative. It does not teach the dog
anything about retrieving.
When a dog's fears are aroused,
or when he is made needlessly to feel
uncomfortable, worried and uneasy,
bis progress as a pupil is slow. If the
lessons are made obnoxious to him,
the trainer has succeeded in making
them thingj to be avoided or quickly
ended, rather than things which have
a pleasant purpose. With a violent
teacher the dog's life is a sad one. His
knowledge is then acquired under the
most disheartening difficulties. Under
similar violent conditions the teacher
as a pupil would rise in rebellion and
implore the world to witness and right
his wrongs. Punishment is a bad
measure when used as a true aid to
education. It ls a part of education
when used to gratify anger. Until
the trainer can contro* his temper, if
he unfortunately has one which is
fiery, and his efforts to the dog's ca
pacity and progress, he will be inef
ficient. And these corrections of him
self, no one can do for him other than
himself. His own judgment and self
control are his only reliance, since
they are personal and, therefore, en
tirely outside of the scc?ve of any sys
tem presented by others.-B. Waters,
in Forest and Stream.
MODERN LEBANON CEDARS.
Survivors or tho Groves That Aro Cele
brated In Biblical History.
At an elevation of aboat 6000 feet
above the sea, on the left o? the road
to Baaelbok, is a group of the noblest
specimens of the vegetable kingdom
in the East, which are believed to be
thousands of years old and the rem
nant of the far-famed cedars of Le
banon, of which David and Solomon
sang, and from which came the tim
bers for tho temple.
Djebel-el-Arz (the mountains of the
cedars), which rises 7770 feet, is gen
erally covered with snow, and today
is draped in a mantle of unusual
thickness, which trails way into the
forest and the foothills ; for there were
a heavy rain and a sharp frost last
night. As I have explained before,
the term Mount Lebanon is mislead
ing. There is no peak of that name,
which is applied to a lorty range with
several conspicuous summits extend
ing about one hundred mues from the
neighborhood of Damascus to the sea
and being about 25 miles broad
from base to base. The most
elevated peaks are those that I have
just named, Mount Hermon, 93S3
feet; Daharel-Kudhib, 10,020 feet; Je
bel-Makmai, 10,016; El Miskysch, 10,
037; Fum-el-Mizab, 9900; Sannin, 8"
1*00 feet These peaks are broken by
rugged ridges, precipitous cliffs and
deep gorges. A parallel range, which ?
does not reach so great a height, is
known as the anti-Lebanon.
Of all the mighty forests which for
merly covered the slopes of Lebanon
only five remain today, and they are
limited in area. The loftiest trees
and those most celebrated for their an
tiquity are found near the town of
Becherro at an altitude of 6300 feet,
and are known as "Tho Cedars of
God"-"The Cedars of Lebanon which
He hath planted;" and. according to
the "botanists who count their age by
the circles in their trunks, they are
3000 or 4000 years old. Like the Im
mortal cliffs that tower above them,
they have watched the passage of a
procession of kings down the centu
ries led by David, Solomon and Hiram,
with a rearguard commanded by Kai
ser William II of . Germany.
They are not so large nor so lofty
as the great trees oi California, but
their antiquity and associations make
them the most interesting groves in
thc world, aud pilgrims come herc to
worship them. The best authorities
are sure that wo make no mistake
when we revere th 3m as the surviv
ors of that forest whence -.ram ob
tained tue timber for Solomon's tem
ple.- The logs must have been carried
down to the coast by hand, conveyed
by sea in ra?ts to Jaffa and thence
carried over tho mountains to Jeru
salem.
It 13 said that 30,000 men were at
work in thc forest for 12 years and re
lieved each other every month in bod
ies of 10,000 men, who were organized
and managed like an army. Dav.d
obtained here the timber for his pal
ace, and Zerubbabel in constructing
the second temple. The timbers in
the temple of Diana at Ephesus and
In the temples at Baalbek came from
the same forests, and we know that
the Phoenicians shipped much cedar
to Greece, to Egypt, and to other
places on the coast of the Mediterr
anean, not only before but for
centuries after the days of Hyram, the
mighty King of Tyre.
The remaining forest consists of
about 400 trees. The tallest excecdsv
100 feet and the largest is 56 feet In'
circumference;
In the midst of the fore* 1s a small
chapel in which the Maron'" s worship
and where they hold great feasts on
the anniversary of the Transfigura
tion and other ecclesiastical holidays.
Below the forest is a beautiful lake
about half a mlle iu length, and a
quarter of a mile in breadth, fed hy in
numerable springs that gush from the
surrounding rocks. Upon the bank
was once a temple to Venus, and ac
cording to mythology (and thc same
story is told of the Egyptian goddess
Isis), that amiable lady took refuge
here when she fled from the Tphon
who had killed Adonis, and trans
formed herself into a fish. Her daugh
ter, Dercetis, was her companion, and
suffered a similar fate.-Chicago Rec
ord-Herald.
Imprison thc Machine.
A distinctly original suggestion Is
made by the Brooklyn Eagle in con
nection with the automobile problem.
It is that the machine, not the man,
be punished for exceeding the speed
limit. When a motor vehicle goes
tearing through the streets on an er
rand of actual or potential destruction,
the scheme is not to touch the owner
or driver, but to seize the machine
and imprison it for a number
of weeks or months. Of course,
in such a case, the usual option of
"thirty dollars or thirty day*"
should not be given, as some of
the wealthy owners would pay the
fine cheerfully and not consider it
much of a. punishment But almost
any possessor of an automobile would
be heart broken at having his ma
chine taken away from him and tem
porarily put out of business, and one
or two experiences of that kind might
have a wholesome effect The great
majority of mobolists are considerate
and law-abiding, but there are hood
lums and ruffians among them who
need some sort of discipline. The
Eagle's idea is commended to the at
tention of the public authorities.
Rochester (N. Y.) Democrat.
Ideality of Dancing.
A dancing master has propounded a
new system of how to dance well. Ac
cording to his theory, the only perfect
waltzer is the poet, the painter, the
philosopher, or the man with high
ideals.
This is how he experesses himself:
"The three elements of grace are grav
ity, flexibility and force. Physical cul
ture should educate each muscle of the
body, and when the body is under the
complete control of the will, if the
mind have high ideals and ennobling
thoughts, the man will bc graceful.
From this flows the wonderful quality
of personal magnetism."
rna ts 3t2s>?linenti.
.jf<> farmer wanw t) be uncondition
/Hy tied to the principle of never try
lng anything until It has been proved
an indubitable success, nor, on the
other hand, should he be so bigcted
as never to credit the experience of
others, but regard his own trial as the
only conclusive one. The extent to
which a man may indulge in experi
mental works should be determined
by. his resources. If his credits each
year be only equal to his debts he may
well be conservative in hazarding his
income on uncertain experiments; but
if he be a man of means, the luxury
of experimental work on the farm
'seems justifiable, for without causing
hardship to anyone, he may save oth
ers loss favorably situated from fu
ture failure. But whoever performs
experiments let him give his neigh
bors the benefit of the trial; if success
result it usually finds its way to thc
public eye, but failure not so often.
George P. Williams, in the Epitomist.
lien? on it Small Lot.
We are often asked if it is possible
to keep hens successfully on a small
town lot. To the question we would
answer: Certainly, yes; if not too
many are kept. In fact, we have of
ten wondered why so tew people in
cities and towns, who are really so
comfortably situated, do not keep 10
or 15 hens.
This number can easily be provided
for in a yard 20 by 40 feet, and this
much can easily be spared and still
leave plenty of room for other pur
poses. One roll of five-foot poultry
netting will serve for a fence, and ar
rangements for bousing will cost but
a trifle.
Two piano boxes, with backs taken
out and set against each other, will
keep them comfortable, and, in the ab
sence of something better, will do sur
prisingly well. During the late fall
buy early hatched pullets or one-year
old hens, and look carefully after
them, and they will supply the family
with eggs throughout the winter.
It will be an easy matter next spring
to raise a few broods of chicks, the
males for the table and the pullets for
the layers. You will find the cost very
little and thc pleasure very much if
you make the attempt.-Home and
Farm.
Weil Hrokon HorROS.
Has anyone ever noticed that a si
lent man has usually the best broken
horses? It may not be true, but ali
the men of my acquaintance who do
not talk much have well broken
horses. Drive with them and you
will wonder how they manage their
horses. No management is visible.
The horse goes where he is wanted
without apparent effort on the part
of the driver. One famous turfman
at least has been noted for his art in
driving a horse to the limit of his
speed without making a move, while
his rivals were lifting and yelling and
whipping theirs. How did he do it?
Don't know, but he was a man of few
words.
Probably there Is a lesson in this.
The average horse understands but a
few things thoroughly, only a few
words, signs or commands. The si
lent man gives only a few, and he does
not confuse his horse. The horse is
made to know them thoroughly. He
understands the man who -under
stands him. It is a pleasure to drtye
a horse that understands. Few pleas
ures in life can equal it if thc horse
ir. a good, cheerful driver. There
would be more of this kind if they
were made to know a few things thor
oughly-the right things.-National
Stockman.
Renriuc Calvos.
Having noticed a complaint from
farmers a number of times of loss of
calves from scours, I feel it almost a
duty to tell a little of our own expe
rience in the rearing of calves. At
one time a heifer was so badly par
alyzed by thc birth of her calf that she
could not suckle it, and we undertook
to raise it by hand. It was a large,
strong, hearty calf, and we fed.it with
milk from cows that had been giving
milk three months. At first it seemed
all right, but after a few days it be
gan to scour; at one time it would be
ravenously hungry and again would
not eat at all, and a few days later was
dead. At the same time a calf was
purchased that had sucked once, per
haps twice, as it was taken from Its
mother the day of its birth. Wc fed lt
on the same kind of mille that the first
calf was fed, and in a short time it
grew sickly and did not thrive, al
though a calf of the same age. which
had run with its mother until it was
a week old, ate from the same pail
and grew apace. We felt sure it would
die, when a calf about 24 hours old,
slipped over a bank and da-owned, and
we put the ailing calf on the latter's
mother. It lived and got all right, and
made a fine steer. Another calf that
we undertook to raise the same way
nearly died, but we put it on a fresh
cow just in time. The result was as
tonishing; the calf waa so weak they
held it to the cow the first time, but
in a week it was as playful as a kit
ten, and ls today a fine calf nearly a
year old. Our experience has taught
us to believe the first milk of the
fresh cow is essential to the new-born
calf, and that it ls best for the calf to
suckle the cow until it is a week old.
If people will follow this plan I am
assured they wifl have no trouble
from scours if the calf is born healthy.
-Miss Bessie Gross, In Agricultural
Epitomist.
Science In Agriculture.
Some important and interesting
points on the planting, breeding and
selection of seed corn are given in a
bulletin by the Illinois agricultu
ral station, and while our corn crop
is just now one of the most important
in the country, it is timely to call at
tention to the best conclusions of the
best experts in corn culture. Special
attention ls given to the selection of
seed corn, which will make all the dif
ference in the world in tho annual
crop of the country. A little more
wisdom and intelligence are required
in the uniform selection of right seed
corn, so that in jirae every ear will
be full and plump, and a large number
on'each cob. Thc yield per acre could ;
in this way be increased greatly with
out planting a single additional grain
of corn. Some of the best varieties
of seed corn are today tar better than
anything planted 10 or 15 years ago,
and this is due to the fact that they
have been carefully selected and cul
tivated for 25 years, past until their
type and characteristics are pretty
swell fixed. Argument is given for
ped ?greed corn. Not much of this is
used yet, but more of it may be nec
ssary to teach all farmers the great
value of using the finest seed corn.
?f:digreed corn traces its ancestry l
Lack to remoto ancestors, but tbe se
lection of each year's seed forms an
established record which goes to show
that certain Qualities can be depended
upon.
Practically the bulletin advises
against leaving seed corn exposed in
cribs to winter cold weather, which is
sometimes robbed of- half its vitality.
Seed corn should be selected in the fall
and carefully kept. Only the best ears
and grains should be used, and those
ol' uniform size and fullness of ker
nels. The grains on these ears should
test an average of 95 percent in ger
mination in the spring. If they will
r.ol there is something wrong, and it
is doubtful policy to attempt to use
them for planting.-Prof. S. N. Doty,
iu American Cultivator.
Tho rallara of tho Grnpo
Grape vines will not thrive on low,
wet soils; they succeed best on high,
dry ground, leaving enough slope to
carry off all surplus water. A loca
tion giving a fine circulation of air is
desirable, as in such locations there is
less liability to mildue of foliage or
rotting of the fruit.
Grapes do well on either gravelly,
sandy or clayey soil, or on a combi
nation of these. If planted on clay
soil, it must bc thoroughly under
drained to secure good results, any
good, dry soil of sufficient fertility
to produce good farm crops is
suitable for vineyard planting, if
climate and condition are favorable.
It is not desirable to put manure or
fertilizers of any. kind in the hole
when planting. The roots will quick
ly find their necessary food if it is in
thc soil.
When planting, place 25 or 50 vines
In a pail of water, taking one vine
from the water as needed, thus avoid
ing the danger of injury to the roots
by drying. Spread the roots horizon
tally in the bottom of the hole, in as
nearly a natural position as possible,
taking care not to have them cross
each other. Cover with good fine sur
face soil two or three inches deep, then
step into the hole and tread the earth
down thoroughly with both feet. Again
fill the hole full, treading it thc sec
ond time, and . finish with sufficient
earth to cover the vine so that only
one or two buds will be above the
surface. The last filling should not
be trodden, but be let loose to act as
mulch. This firming or treading the
soil is essential to the success 3nd
should never be neglected. When
planted in dead furrows most of the
filling can be done with a plow, turn
ing a back furrow against the vines,
at the same time filling the dead fur
row; but the treading and firming
should bc done as above.
If the tops of the vines are below
the general surface of the ground, the
hole may remain partly unfilled In the
shape of a basin, to be gradually filled
in as growth progresses. Deep plant
ing is recommended, as lt insures a
tier of roots so far below the surface
that there ls little danger of injury by,
freezing, or by burning or scalding
when thc soil becomes hot on the sur
face.
During the first summer after
planting, cultivate tho soil thoroughly
and hoe frequently about the vines, al
lowing no weeds to grow. Stirring
the ground frequently, especially in
dry weather, acts as a stimulant to
growth, the finely pulverized soil
forming tho best kind of mulch. Do
not attempt to grow farm crops ot
any kind between the rows; or, If
you must grow something.' let it be
peas, beans or early pcj?tecoes. It is
not necessary or advisable to L1-*up
thc young canes the first summer; let
thom lie on the ground.-American
Gardening.
Filling Dairy An'inaW for Show.
The modern tendency ls to maka
the animal conform to an arbitrary
standard of excellence, or scale ol
points, and Its ability lo win prizes
varies directly as do the conceptions
of the various judges who pass upon
the conformity to that scale. One ol
(ho primary requisites of all dalry an
imals regardless of age or sex, is ca
pacity. A judge likes an animal with
a large paunch as it is very essential
in economically converting a large
amount of coarse feed into milk. How
can we develop this capacity?
It is done by feeding coarse bulky
food, in a manner best suited to the
individual tastes of the animals. Many
have had good success by giving cut or
chaffed hay and straw, with a mixture
of ground oats and bran, a little salt,
and a handfull of oil meal, a small
amount of the concentrates, and all
the coarse food she will eat. The prin
cipal object is to make her eat much
to get a small amount of grain.
The next thing that appeals to the
eye of the judge is the temperament
cf tho animal, which indicates wheth
er or not she is using in the-rlght way
thc food she has consumed. All dalry
cattle should be free from tendency to
lay on flesh, thin, and under condition
rather than too fleshy. A show ani
mal should possess quality also, but
this to a largf: extent Is determined by
nature, although we can assist by
keeping her in perfect health, the hair
well groomed and protected from the
sun, which makes it harsh and dry.
Kerosene should never be applied to
the hair. Where great stress is laid on
secretions dispense with the use of
uater for cleaning animals, as lt
makes the skin appear pale.
There is a great diversity of opin
ion among judges as to the importance
of under development. However, when
a heifer is developing an udder we
should help her on all we can, as the
time to assist nature is when she la
doing her best work. Many advocate
increasing the grain ration of a heifer
at this stage, even though she becomes
fleshy, as she will soon milk it off
again. All cattle should be handled
and well broken to lead. It ls also
good practice to stand in a position
that will show her to the best advan
tage.
Polishing of horns and hoofs,
grooming, watering from palls, etc.,
should be practiced before leaving for
the fairs, as there are enough new
conditions to become accustomed to
even when greatest care has been tak
en. This may seem a trivial affair,
but many prizes have been lost by
leading into the ring a shrunken ani
mal which has refused to drink from
a pail, or a strange tank.
I would commence feeding about six
or eight weeks previous to starting
for the fairs. Do not hurry or the
stock will have reached their bloom
before the exhibition. Avoid feeding
corn ts show animals, as it is heating
to the blood, makes grease instead o!
bone and muscle, and upon the first
exertion the animal will wilt. A dalry
ai.imal should not be fed heavily on a
grain ration, at any time, as she will
bo very easily upset.-Ralph Trott, in
American Agriculturist.
Between Madagascar and the coast
of India there are about 16,000
islands, but only 600 of which are in
habited, but most .of which are capa
ble of supporting a population.
CHANGE GF LIFE.
Some Sensiblo Advice to Wo
men by Mrs. ?. Sailer.
DEAB Mns. PINKHAM : -When I
passed through what is known as
. change of life,' I had two years' suf
fering, - sudden heat, and as quick
chills would pass over mo ; my appetite
was variable and I never could tell for
JfRS. E. SAILER,
Pr?sident German Roliof Association,
Los Angelos, Cal.
a day at a time how I would feel the
next day. Five bottles of Lydia E.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
changed all that, my daj'S became days
of health, and I havo enjoyed every day
since-now six years.
M We have usad considerable of your
Vegetable Compound in our charitable
work, as we find that to restore a poor
mother to health so she can support her
self and those dependent \ipon her, if
such there be, Is truer charity than to
give other aid. Yow have my hearty
endorsement, for you have proven
yourself a true friend to suffering- wo
men."-Mas. E. SAIT-EB. 75634 Hill St.,
LOS Angeles, Cal.- $5000 forfeit If above tet
tlmonlal ls not genuine.
No other person can pi ve such
helpful advice to women who
are sick as can Mrs. Pinkham,
for no ?'thcr has had such great
experience-her address is Lynn,
Mass., and her advice free-if
you are sick write her-you are
foolish if you don't.
SOFKA, AN INDIAN DRINK.
Made of Cornmeal-White People
Are Becoming Fond of it.
Sofka, the national drink of the
Creek Indians of the Indian Territory,
is to them what the mint Julep is to
the native Kentuckian, says the Chi
cago Inter-Ocean. It is made of corn
and water. There are three kinds
plain, sour and white. The latter
two are fancy and mixed drinks.
The recent Invasion by white people
of the domain of the Creek Indian has
popularized the sofka until the fashion
of drinking ic has spread all over the
Southwest
Indians have a dish made expressly
for sofka. When an Indian wants a
sofka dish he goes to the woods, hews
down a hlskory tree and cuts there
from a block ten Inches thick. In
one side of this block he Inflows a
bowl-shaped cavity six Inches deep
and makes the inside as smooth as
possible.
In this vessel the Indian places his
corn, and with a pvste, winch is some
times made of stone, but more com- ;
monly of hard hickory, he pounds che
corn until lt is a coarse meal. Then
he takes some kind of fan, or some
thing which will take its place, and
fans the broken grains untli all tho
husks fly away. If the broken grains
are uneven in size he takes out tho
larger grains and beats them into a
finer meal.
A potful of hot water and two quarto
of meal are used In making sofka.
When the corn and water have been
put in the pot and the pot has been
placed over the fire, take some vessel i
having perforations in the sides or bot
tom and put in it some clean wood j
ashes. Then nearly fill the vessel
with water.
Hold this vessel over the pot con- '
faining the meal and let the lye made
by the water soaking through the i
ashes drip into thc sofka. Then the
mixture is allowed to boil for from
three to five hours. It is next set
aside and not drunk for days later. |
This ls plain sofka.
The sour sofka is made In the same
way, but the mixture is set aside until
it has soured or fermented. This
soured mixture ls the popular drink
among the full-blooded element.
White sofka is made from white
corn and tastes much better. The
Indians have a fine white corn which
they raise exclusively for this pur
pose. In making white sofka the
grains are cooked whole and the
flakes are eaten later after having
been boiled in the water and lye. The
corn 1B then known as the big hominy.
The Indians eat with their sofka a
dish known as blue dumplings. In
the making of blue dumplings two
cups of cornmeal are used, a half
teaspoonful of baking soda and a small
quantity of butter.
Th9 meal and soda are mixed thor
oughly. Enough butter is used to
mako the meal hold together, and it
is rolled Into little balls. These lit
tle halls are dropped into a pot of
boilh.g water, boiled from three to
five minutes removed with a spoon
and served hot. The dish is fit for
any palate.
BEYOND HIS LIMIT.
Husband (examining raliway ticket)
-Why, according to the announce
ment on this excursion ticket it's only
good for ten days.
Wife, Well, why complain of that
It's a gocd deal more of a guarantee
in that line than you can give.-Rich
mond Dispatch.
The Frisco System
Offers to the colonists the lowest
rates with quick and comfortable ser
vice to all points \n the west and
northwest. Thirty dollars ($30.00)
from Memphis. Tickets on sale dally
during September and October. Cor
respondingly low rates from all points
In the southeast. For full information
address W. T. Saunders, G. A. P. D.;
F. E. Clark, T. P. A., Pryor and Deca
tur streets, Atlanta, Ga.
A new title of "Doctor Engineer"
has recently been instituted at tho
technical high school In Germany
for the different classes of engineers
who have obtained the Government di
ploma. Young students, says the
London Telegraph, will have to pass
at least one year in a large engineer
ing establishment where they will be
treated as ordinary employes mixing
with the men, that they may learn
their methods and mode of thought
Fog and the Fair 8ex.
We are having very heavy fo^s at
night and morning. I have seen'the
British stars overhead on but thpee
occasions. It usually clears off for
the greater part of the day, but the fog
sweeps in the night like a wet blanket.
They tell me it ls only "a spell of wea
ther" and that fine-evenings will be
the order of things very soon, rt ia
very demoralizing to "crimps," I ob
serve. And I often think of the dear
girl who told me that she lost all her
mental and moral force of character
during atmospheric conditions that
were unfavorable to retaining the hair
in curl. And, by the way, what beau
tiful hair tho Canadian girl possesses
as a rule! I observed this feature
when in Ontario, at Toronto and the
Thousand Islands. Sometimes they
have too much to "do up" prettily and
can only coll lt in shining brown or
golden braids. There is a great pre
ponderance of gold red and gold
brown. I wonder If it is due to their
ancestry from Auld Scotia, their an
cient namesake? Fine complexions
aro the rule also. I have Just had the
pleasure of looking over the photos
of the Truro Normal School graduates,
an3 really a prettier class of girls
would be hard to find.-Halifax Mail.
STILL ENGAGED.
An engaged young gentleman got
rather neatly out of a little scrape
with bi;3 intended. She said she had
kissed two ladles at some party at
which she was not present.
He owned it, but said, laughingly,
that, ail er all, their united ages made
only twenty-one.
The simple-minded girl thought of
ten and eleven, and laughed off her
pout.
He did not explain that one was 19
and th ? other two years of age.-Tit
Bits.
Known to the Ancients;
The okapi, that strange animal a
short time ago discovered in Central
Africa by Sir Henry Johnstone, is
now thought to have been known to
the ancient Egyptians. The old monu
ments show a so-called ' animal of set"
a desert quadruped variously supposed
to have been a fox, a muskrat, a dog,
a camel and even a fabulous animal.
A study of tho picture has convinced
some scientists that this creature was
j the akapi, which early hunters ex
? terminated in Egypt.
FITS permanently cured.No fits or nervous
nflssafterllrst diiy'suse of Dr. kline's Groat
NervoRestorer. ? 2trial bottle and treatisefree
Dr. H.H. KLINE, Ltd., ! 31 ArcliSt.,Phlln.,Pa.
Silk goods are said to take dyes more
readily than any other fabric.
M. L. Thompson & Co., Druggists, Cou
deraport, Pa., say Hall's Catarrh Curo ls the
best and only sure euro for catarrh they ever
sold. Druggists sell lt, 75e.
Tho various countries of the world now
use 13,400 different kinds of postage stamps.
Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup for children
teething, soften the gums, reduces inflamma
tion, allayspain,euros wind colic. 25c. abottle
The library nt West Point Military Acad
emy contains 45,000 volumes.
PJso'fl Cure for Consumption is an infallible
medicine for coughs and colds.-N. W.
SAMUEL, Ocoan Grove, N. J., Fob. 17, 1900.
A railroud engine may be roughly said
to be equal in strength to 90!) horses.
" I have used your Hair Vigor
for five years and am greatly
pleased with it. It certainly re
stores the original color to gray
hair. It keeps my hairsoft."-.Mrs.
Helen Kilkenny, New Portland, Me.
dyer's Hair Vigor has ?
been restoring color to
\ gray hair for fifty years,
and it never fails to do
this work, either.
You can rely upon it
for stopping your hair
from falling, for keeping
your scalp clean, and for
making your hair grow.
$1.00 a bottle. All druztfsts.
If your dniKtrist cannot supply you,
send ud ono dollar and we will express
you a Ijottle. He sure and givo tho namo
of your nearest express olliec. Address,
J. C. A Y KR CO., Lowell, M
Appetite poor? Bowels con
stipated? It's your liver!
Ayer's Pills are liver pills.
["w?nt your Mustache or beard IP
beautiful brown or rich black? Use
50cts.of dru?gietsor R. P. HnllicCo . Nashua. N. H
Genuine stamped C C C. Never sold in balk.
Beware of the dealer who tries to sell
"something just as good."
WANTED
QBO Young Mon.
At once, to qualify for good positions which wo
will guarantoo in writing undor a $5,OOO
deposit to promptly procure them.
The Ga.-Ala. Bus. College,
MACON, GEORGIA.
Situations Secured
for graduates or tuition rotunded. Write
at once for catalogue and special offers.
Business
Colleges
Louisville, Ky. " Montgomery, Ala.
Houston. Tex. Columbus, Ga.
Richmond, Va. Birmingham, Ala. Jacksonville, Fla.
COMMERCIAL COLLEGE OF KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY
LKXIKOTOK, KT.
Medal auarded Prof.Smith ol (Tortd'tFoIr
Ilook-kc^nlng. ll ii.I LC?. Shorthand Typo
' Wrnlng and Telegraphy taught. Situa
tion?, ti maali tr* mettt Ky. Ifnlrer.liy iliplnran. Jlrgin noa.
Addrcsi, \\ ll.Ill li lt. hil ITU. fret't, Lexington, Ky.
TBEJ??LTeie?rapliy,
I.oulaville, Ky., (founded In 1801), will teach
you tho profosslon quickly nn<l secure position
for you. Handsome cataloguo FBKK.
HAMLIN S WrZARD OIL
HEADACHE
-'ALL DRUGGISTS . SELL IT
TAKE DOWN REPEATING SHOTGUNS
A Winchester Take-Down Repeating Shotgun, with
a strong shooting, full choked barrel, suitable -for
trap or duck shooting, and an extra interchangeable
modified choke or cylinder bore barrel, for field snoot
ing, lists at only $42.00. Dealers sell them for
less. This makes a serviceable all round gun within
reach of everybody's pocket book, winchester
Shotguns outsnoot and outlast the most expansive
double barrel guns and are just a? reliable besides.
WINCHESTER REPEATING ARIUS CO., - NEW HAVEN, CONN,
Oil 055 O? o ki Ol? O?J 0*5 0% O'? 0 }| O* O Vj o M
FEVERISH CONDITIONS ?
AND COLDS CURED BY o
CAPUDIiNE o
Sold by all Druggists. <ff
.tofcoitoa'.osioitoacop.ostoitop.oitoito
Atlanta, Qm.
ALI. KINDS OF
MACHINERY
LIBBY luncheons
Wo seal 11:8 product In ker-opeoing can*. Tn ra
n ko? Mid joli find the meat oioctl / M it left
ct. We put tuarn up in this WOT
Potted Ham. Beet and Tongue,
Ox Tongue (whole), Veal Loaf,
Deviled Hsm, Brisket Beef,
Sliced Smoked Beef.
All Natural Flavor foodn. Palatable and
wholesome. Your grocer nhould hare them.
Libby, Mcneill & Libby, Cbtccgo
"How TO VUKX GOOD THINGS TO EAT" ?rill
b? gent froe if ; ou ask ut.
?-^<?<?>?>?-?><S;?>?"S)?<S>?><?>/??S><S><S>^
I have been using Hipans Tabules
for nearly a yjar_ and have derived
a great benefit from them, l aaa
suffered with stomach trouble and
dizziness when going to bed at
night. Seeing that the Rlpans Tab
ules relieved me, I continued the use
of them to the present time, aud
my stomach is now lu good condi
tion and the dizziness has left ne.
At druggists.
The Five-Cent packet is enough for an
ordinary occasion. The family bottle,
60 cents, contains a supply for a year.
BEST IMPROVED SAW MILL ON EARTH;
Large Engines and Boilers supplied
promptly. Shingle Mills, Corn Mills,
Circular Saws, Saw Teeth, Patent
Dog6, Steam Governors. Full line En.
gines and Mill Supplies. Send for
free Catalogue.
10 CAYS' TREATMENT FREE.
Havo made Dropsy and its com
plicatior.3 a spooialty for iweaty
yoara\rith tho most -wondorfal
succor, II cv o cered maa j thoas
ftadcasoe.
?2. E. XL OBESU'S
Box li Atlanta, Qa.
UNION
MAOE
W. L 0 m jlai s'ioiia ara ilia standard of the world.
Vf. h. Dourta made sad >oM more men's Good?
yc.tr Well 'Han I Scr.-l Frere**) hhoes In the Ant
: HJX moat hil or 1M>3 thin sa* other manufsetorf r.
! f>1fi ftAnRRWARD will tepid to sartae WM
' vy ! JiUUU :::? dl*pnws ?his slaloment.
j W. L. DOUGLAS 84.SH
CANNOT
OES
BE EXCELLED.
A youthful gait comes
from
"Queen Bess" Shoes.
I ^^11JOS;820I)JS? $2,840,000
Best Imported ari:' American, hpathcrs. Heyl'a
j Patent Calf. Enamel, Box Calf, Calf, Viel Kid, Corona
j Colt, Nat. Kanjaroo. Past Color Eyelet* use?l,
: f infirm t The jfenuine have W. ti. DOUGLAS*
vuuiiuii . name and price stamped on bottom.
Shoes by mm\, 2.r,crrxlra. ,X"'<i. Catalog free. .
i ?W,L DOUGLAS. BROCKTON. MASS. - '
. ptk nen nA V Ea*Hy made,ot home,
I ?j rCKUAI mallingi-irculars. Nocon
Q masing.
Austoll Building. ATLANTA, (?A
NEW PENSION LAWS fl^I
Apply lo NATHAN BICKFORD, 914F St.,
Workington, !>. Ce.,
fsTCivo the narrie?f Iht? paper when
writing to advert? sers (Ati 38. '02)
C\/CD y /T-UT p) BORN INTO THE WORLD with an
L V Liv 1 \_1 ULLy inherited teudoncy to distress
ing, disfiguring humours of the skin, scalp, and: blood,
becomes an object of the most tender solicitude, not only
because of its suffering but because of the areadful fear
that the disfiguration is to be lifelong and mar its'future
happiness and prosperity. Hence it becomes the duty of
mothers of such afflicted children to acquaint themselves
with the best, the purest,' and most effective treatment
available, viz., THE CUTICURA TREATMENT, r
Warm baths with Cxmcrnu. So AT, to cleanse the skin of crusts and seale*
and soften the thickened cuticle, gentle anointings with CxmcuRA OTMT
KENT, to instantly allay Itching, irritation, and inflammation, and soothe and
heal, are all that ?an be desired for tho alleviation of tho suffering of skla
tortnred. infants ami children and the comfort of worn-out,-worried o>othera.
A single set ls often sn tuck-nt to cure when th? heat physicians, foil.
Sold taroaghoul the ?orld. British Di pott JT-SS, Charfrrhoaje Sq., Lcadcc. Fresca Depot; (BM ?eta
PtU, AailreUan Depoti &. Tow* * 0*>, Sydney. Focxu MM ATO CMM. COST., Sole EMgo.
1
