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The Pickens sentinel. [volume] (Pickens, S.C.) 1871-1903, June 22, 1893, Image 1

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PICKENS, S. C., THURSDAY, UNE 22, 1893.
AN SOUTHI CARO(LINA.
AN INTERESTING ARTICLE WRITTEN
BY GOVERNOR TILLMAN.
Ipialtl a'lrd WVef$0i.% Await Al; Imentgranto
iiu Cio italii wito Inivoi. .h. ir 1a,b)or
-9 or lofy li thim tat --To Ito Printed
In Hook Fo m.
At t ineeeting of"Governors in lItich
mond somno tV!e ago it was decided
that the various (iovernors of' the
8outhern Stats s would write zhort
Hketches of their native States and that
these sketches he bound together in one
volume for distribution at the World's
Fair in Chicago. (overnor Tillman
has prepared his sketci of Sooth Caro
lina which we. piblish below. When
printed in book form it. will contain
six handsome jilistrat ions. The sketek
is as follows:
The State of South Caroli.a lies be
tween N. ]at. 32 deLprevs, 4 minutes, 30
secon(s, aind 35 deLrees 12 minutes, and
West long, from Washington I degree,
3o minttes and 6 degrees, 51 minutes.
itimiatedl area :0.000) square miles. It
is in the shape of a triangle almost
isosceles, and its surface slopes gradiu
aily I-rom the Mlue lidge Mountains,
where the highest, point in Ihe State,
Mt. I 'innacle, reaches the elevation of
3,430 feet. The general elevation is
500 to 1,0(0) feet sloping down in a
Southeasterly direction to the swamps
and sandbars of the coast. The geolo
gic break along the Alltie slope,
passing from Ilichmond, Va., through
Columbia, A guista, (a., and Milledge
Ville, (Ia , indicating first fall it the
rivers, divides Sout h Carolina into the
"up cotintry" and the "low country,'"
the former of granitic Formnatioti with
its clays and the latter' an alluIvial, ter
tiary soil with its sandy loaims. Geolo
gically speaking, there i- no shading of' t
the periods, the allivial strat a resting
directly on Archaean granite. The o1(
sea beach was along this break, and
passed through Columbia.
While there are only a few peaks I
that. can be called mountains, the up
couitry is rolling, with rapid water I
courses, and the low coitry is q uite I
level with tortioiis ar.d sluggish
stream4.
Throtigh t.he State roll four large
rivers with their Itribittaries, and navi
gation for boats of, at, least. t.wo hlind
red t.ons is practicable ' for more than a
hundred miles inlatid. The federal
government is nlow clearing out snags
from t lie rivers, openinig up increasing
ireas to water navigation and to com
pet ing freight lines.
Major larry Hammond. in his hand
book of South Carolina, divides the
State into seven regions, with the lim
its running somewhat in a parallel di
rection to the coast, as follows:
1. The coast region (1,(XX) sqjuare
miles) extends for ten miles in and
I ronm the sea. I t is com prised of sea
ielinds and low marshy mainland.
h'lh se sea islands have long been fam
ed for their long staple cotton, the lin
Cst in I he world, Andf now coming into
great prominence as truck farms. Ilere
the mildne;;s of the climate and the
fertility of tle soil enable farmers to
push their vegetables among the first
into I lie preat markets. Much money <
can be ani has been aide ini this inilus
try.
I1. The lower pine blt (10,00n s<luare
miles, of which I11 are subject. to I
overflow) lies back of the sea islands,
and is about, fitty Imliles wide with a
ijaxim11um elevation of 1I>0 feet. Hlere I
are foid the gieat rice fielIs anti the
t,prpeittine farins and catt le ranges
I 11. Tile ipper pine lit-t or cent ral
heft has a soil I light, sandy loai, uin
dterlaidi by r'ed and1 yellowi clays. It
rises from 1511 to 250 feelt, and cemibraces t
.s,500 squtare mile hs, i nch id inrg in land
swamnps, bays arnd river bsottomns of' on- I
suripasse'd heitility.
V. The red hills (f l'I ) sifinare iles) I
aire Norf.h of' this r'egioin, rising in
places to an elh v'al on of 1 n) f'e&. l'hfs
section is coin postu d of rt cl.ay andi I
sandhy landis. am'' has a growth of' pinle,
oak andi also h i, i. ry and other l.d <f I
Swoods. lI tIls ri gioni is situiateid t.nei
heallth rt sort, of' A ik em, a ail t.he hitor-'
ic high hills of' thie SantIfe'.r, d Ithe fer-'
tile i'idge ha-ils of l';igt'ie hI, nosted for
f'ruiit as wVel II.s itande cr'op s.
V. 'T'he 5and( fhill region (2,1410 sqluare
miles) is of' less fer L.illy thain of tier por- t
t ions5, hmt its soil cani be li)ught to a
high degree of richness biy fiertiliv.i
lion, whlileI it. is thle tuiost heialt.h,y ret'
gioni of flit' wo: hI, f ree-fromi all mnala
ria, anil it, abounds iI11 i1 vast sirt es i ofi
4 pi ne i imlwri. ( r ptes uct'e' dI s plend itd
I y in tIls Ihell , ant also peaches.
\'I. ITh' l'iinout region ori tip I
('ount1 y (10.000m siinale inih 5) lis's 1.o an
I le'vatioii of I Sll) t m~if.i phies, beinig ofr
a rolling for nit ioni. I i, toni ains told
gm aiy lanids, ovterlying clay slates, gray
1-and( soils fromn g raiiit gneitiss, roea h or
nitldenide landits anmd Irapfpeatn seoll..
V II. Thie A lpine rtgioni (1l0 .Iinare
mni les) stops just shor ui t fte miiaii
mountain ridige. Ifs hiighetst peaks are
- Mt. P irmnacle, in l 'ickt-ns ( 'ounaty, :, l:
feet. ('sar's IIlead(. a1 very poutar
iummi ne-r rt sort, :i,11 fIeet, hiighI. antd
K ig's Mfounrt aini, ablout t.2,(101 feet . Tlhe
valleys in the f oot tills are ferf.lt', aieef
I he h1il1 sidets aire civtereid with a den'ise
k row l b of poplar, oak alil o1 ler' woods.
Very ihm i aples grow here amd sur
cee d passably well as far'~ii oth as
wATlil 'iwle:o.
Th le pheysicaI I e.aturie 5 (f theit Stateu
art' suhf ithal, the motst abundanitlLf, wafer
* exist s. 'I lie Columbilua canial wich has
bette i t cenly liish.ed affIords 10,(KM)
horse fpolwer, and Iihe poweiir coulId lbe
(loubbI d by t'xtI! rding t he cua!a I wo
miles. 'I he4 gre-at lalls of Ihle Cat awba,
wvi th the reiinains of ai ili ib n'na I, are
detstinedl in the liut.iire to I: lay a grteat
peart in Ithe wealth of the State. I e-rte
Sihe river lalIfs ablouit 125 feet in 1hrete
miles. IIlorse Cre'e k , ini A I(iie Coouniy,
already irns the (1ra nit evil le ari oilier
in ills; an1d in Spa i't; iibuirg aind ot,her
'out.its several niogn iliCenit fpowers
have Ibeen utilizedl.
Mir. S wain, t he spieil agenit of I hie
('enists of Ih~80, madeI a carel iil t:.t.iinat e
oil the water poswer of' or st reatiis as
rt'aching a million horse power, ranig
.lug from SI) to t0,(Jf0 power ini idtiviif
iial cases. If' dlevteloped 1 hiese would11
give emiplosy mnti1 l;:,v(0 (operu? h''s
inl coltion mills and allow for aiiii m
creaste of t hsreet millIion inl (str pospula
O wing to wiani.ts f capital In thit Stte
t hese poewers enn lie bonghlt cheaply
no(w, andl I hey wonuhl)prove capital In
vestments. TJhie wlnters are 'a mild
tiat there Is comparatively no troub
From freezing. The benignity of tj
Alimate also makes living more chea
And thiq adds to the advantages offert
inamlilfacturers by our water I)ower4.
CLIMA TE.
A series of observations. carried c
a intervals for about 100 years by ol
servers in Charleston and by the sign;
iervice of the United States, would ii
licatean averake annual mean tempe
iture of about 65 degrees. 'he highe,
recorded temperature at long interva
has been 101 degrees, though the ime
Dury seldom reaches 100. The lewe!
record was 2 degrees, though in
years of' record only twice wai a low(
emperature than 17 found. The mea
lor winter is about 51 and for suiimm
;6.
It may be said of South Carolina, i
was remarked of England by Charl(
[I, that there is no part of the worl
n which the people can spend mai
,ime comfortably out of doors. Sleigt
ng and skating are practically ui
inown, and the heat is intense ft
)nly a short time in summur, and th
hermometer ranges lower than in ti
14orth. During July and August tt
iverage rainfall is about 60 Inches f(
,he mountain region and 52 inches fR
,he State. The gentle declivity of tt
state from the mountains to the sei
ward aid the general prevalence c
;outh west winds remove the climat
'roim the extremes of floods an
Iroughts, and give little cause for fog
l'his combination makes the State
)eculiarly salubrious resort for persor
Ifected with pulinonary diseases, an
or those who wish to shun the rigor <
he Northern winters without exper
incing the enervating efTecti or a sem
ropical humid atmosphere. Aike
id Summerville are especially fame
s sanitariums, and the great pine r
ion is free from malaria, while the it
iabitants of the miountains, too, ar
ioled for longevity.
AOItICUL1TUItA I. 1 DTsTI ES.
Area of land under cultivation i
he State, in 1880, 3.1174,0 acres, i
SN9 estimated at >,OOU,(KX). The ri
nalindr, about 12,CJ0,0X), exclusive <
vater surface, is divided into mstui
md woodland. Cane swamp affor
lerennial pasturage for cattle an
ither live stock, and the best permn
kent pastures for summer are atforde
)y B5ermuda and other grasses. It I
stiniated that there are between foi
md live million acres of finest pine au
ypress land for lit tire lumbering, b
ides other woodland and hard woo(
n other portions of the SLtate.
No St.at.e presents a greater diversil
if crops. Clover, Lucerne or Alfalf
md Millet and the native Crab an
BPernuda, and Means Grasses togethi
Nith cow peas are capable of makir
ill the long forage for stock. All tI
;mall grains grow luxuriantly. Itivi
ottoms here yield to no other lands i
,he amount of corn produced. Poti
;oes, sweet and Irish, yield several hur
]red bushels to the acre under got
,ultivation anywhere in the State. I
,he past few years tobacco has het
nultivated and the culture is spreadin
apidly. The (iuality is unsurpasse
'he truck farms of tne coast are a ne
nine of we tIth, and their producs ai
'tirly enough to command best prici
n the Northern markets. Somewha
ater the ridge lands in the middle <
ho State ship abundance of peache
mnd the Piedmont region sends grapE
of the finest quality and appearanc
\s for watermelons the problem
iow to dispose of all that can be imad,
The staple crop is still cotton, andi i
his the State is well up in averap
ield. Want of sillicient capital li
educed farmers to devote their attei
ion too ftilly to this as a mone
rop. It always commands a sa,l
ven at reducedl rates, while othc
rops may be a drug on the miirke
Vhere cotton can be proliice
5 a sulrlus cr0op, it pays, an
hIs is practicable in any pal
fi the State, as shown by i
nierous, examplles, bIutunder a credi
ystem, when food supplies as
Irou~ht, from abroad, the raising of co
on has been full of dliscouiragemen
['hi profits of cotton raising has bee
arge'ly inicreased of' late years by tIl
ertilization of' the soil. It has alwa)
en known that cotton seed was a il
ert,iltzer, hbut lt,s use except as cow foc
as beeni restricted. 'The establishmer
.f cott.on oil mils opens an entLirely neo
idustry, yielding large prohits.
l''ifteeni hundred pounds af seed co
on will yield, on an aver'age, 5(
101nd(s or lint and i 1,000 pounds(1 of seet
This seed(, when sent to the oil mil
vill yield of short lint, "or linters,"
oiinds, hillIs 488 pouands, meal :1:
oilnds, oil 20 gallons, or 150) pouInds.
I hariung tile last season t,he "liniters
old for oc per pounld, the meal at i$'
ecr ton, the hulls at S2 to $3 atnd th
ii at fromt 35tc. to 40lc. a gallon 'I-hes
.re figures supplied by one of' the it
erior mills, anid may exceed the avei
go, but it sho ws ithat the "by produicts
if cott on yield ablout,$20 lfIr every bal
I lint1. Estimate the cotton selling
a;nd Ile total value was $60 per hal
I i is t rue that the phenomienally lug
ir'i&ite of bacon and lard led to the ver
treat,a olace ini the price of' oil as I
s ums d to adullteratel or comn pound( wit
lie bittr;t bit . thlis is pr'oof that th
imue is comuing or 1s already here whe
:ito iiieaed w 14ilet'r largely in to tIh
if (cihmistri~ are' such' t hat wAe mat
pre'dit, t hiat at, no4 it la nt, day this o
will recive'LI hat~ dere i' t i rel iem ei
whliich iIll remiove4 any dlic that noi
prevent s its: absoluitei i poua r it y in tl
iiarket. ini a pure stat e. A Itready I the o
is used cjs a sit it u1 4' f~ or ol Iv~e 01
L,otton see<d meal now stand1( iunrivalh~
is a fert ilizer. It0 yield oni anlstsl
per cent, am moinia. 2 per ct4t. phii
phorie acid, I p"r cent. pot ash. II
188 poun~ds 01o Iuls wIhen cal in ed
riiel ini the mill vil ltll ii11 pounds of U!
aontainiing 2c pir cent. of plotaish and(
perlic,'lnt. phosphoric acidl. hlit tI
'ills are too valuiable t,o be burned('i.
It has been tIiscovered1 that t he h ii
nake a most excellent substit,ute I1
'lay. When mIxed wit,h one-'ouir
heIr 'neight in cottoni seed meal, thi
mlpply a splenldid ration to cattj
l'wenty poundse of this mixturo will
(X0 days fatteni t,he poorest steer aI
Jrinig him to market In prime conit
lonl. These hulls at 10 to I5 cetsA
tmud red take thle place oft hay at
.ently reduice the cos', of kee pit
'tack. Thhe hull., can be haled, and t,h
saau he !oniveiently fed. wit,hout tl
0ss accompep nylng the feeding of hI
s(opp)ed hay. 'lThese advatitages in<
ate t,he rIse 01 dhaIry farming as an ii
o0t tant induhlstry In the future. Ixp
enlcedl dairy men would doubtles gro
-ich if they wuldi establis these
le in this State. A great deal of mor
ie now goes off for butter and beef.
p. present there are a few fine herds
d cattle In the State an<I some go
creameries, but there is ample room I
development. Good butter sells
ways at from 25 to,40 cents per poit
J Sheep raising has been one of the
dustries of the State lin the past, I
has declined owing to the cotton mai
r- and the danger from dogs. liut t
it climate of the State is well adapted
this industry. It may be added tl
while it is said to cost a dollar a mon
per head in the North to bring shE
: through the winter, this can be de
here with the use of cotton seed hill
and meal for 25 cents a mont h. I'
, ture lands cost about one-fifth t
r rice here that they cost in the Nor
and this gives a large margin for proi
iIf the, indus8try were established t
d dog ninsance would be abated.
The cotton crop of the State varl
f'rom 500,000 to 750,000 bales. Vi
factories to put this into cloth, a
i with a utilization of the good propi
( ties of the seed, a mine of wealth wot
e be opened, anrd it would do much
revive agriculture.
)r The manufacture of the differc
r products of cotton would diversify a
i industries and open the way for st
greater prosperity.
Along with cotton culture could a
should go oil mills and facto ries, fert
d izer mills, dairy farms, sheep raisit
etc.
I'IlOsIIIATIS.
1s Not less blessed than ini her agric
d tural advantages in South Carolia
if the apparently inexhaustive stores
i- phosphatic deposits, the basis of go
i- commercial fertilizers at a low prii
n This is one of the most remarkable I
d tural boons vouchsated to man. T
- land deposits belong to private owne1
i- the river beds are the property of I
e State, and are leased by personis a
companies paying a royalty of ione d
lar per ton to the State.
n STATIM ENT OF SIPM ENT 01' I'M1
0'AT.:,I91 Is9 )
Charleston. Beau1o
Forei.i shipinents, 4.s...6. 4,:38 120,4
I Cvast.wise shipin'ts, tons. 145,627 ;;1.
0 Iinter I-r shipmienits, tonsi.... r1s, 7 1:; " 10,1
d Consiuced....... .......... 1;5,0 0 0 111,1
d
L- Total.................. , :3 ; 17i,4
d Grand total lt,':;u;, f vhieh 35G,:
wa! 1ald rovk and i12,(00 riverl ro.
,r At:HIeULTURiA 1L STATISTIC :.
l s7o. I 554). 1894
CR(' . b'is 221,50 i22,3.1 750,0
(orn, hib ilt 7.611 ,207 11,767.0,19 22,0011,1
R Rice,' lhs. :12,1'm114.00on 52,41041,410i1 w '4 1 I
W lat, bh . 7III,, 0I ;2.04,, 1 ,5 1
y Oats, bush. e 1, ue 2,715,I, :50
a arnis, 51,889 95,s,;
d Aver. acro0
Ar per fal-11i 11
ig T here is no way of gett ing at tI le p)
e cise figures of the crops (of corn I
r small grain and ininor cropi. IBit 1
n ' corn crop last year was the largest e
. made in the State, and will do much
r- compensate for the low prolits fr
l the cotton crop.
SIAN'i At'TUi'I:S.
-n I n t.he census of IsI0 Sou th Carol
was represented in fifty-three out
- fifty-seven manufacturing occupati(
w mentioned in the compendiium, a pro
e of the diversity of her resources. For
t erly the production of staple crops
export extractive industries were m<
suited to our soil and oar systeim of
bor, and other sections were allowed
s outstrip us iii the other lines of prodt
B. tion. The composition of the grc
is prairies and bottoins of' theiv West ;
3. monishes us of the necessity of callii
on our great reserve power, al eritt
ing boldly into the new field of indi
8 try. The highest. civilization and t
highest prosperity can be reached ofn
" by a propel combination of' tirban al
- rural ii(tustries so that this tenden
r to diversilication is very gratifying.
South Carolina has no coal in i
bIorders and1( this is a dlisadfvantage', b
the pushing of railway lines to t
Sgreat coal fields or TIennessee arid A
b ama is (doing much to overcomialt
tdisadvantage.
0 Th'le finest magnetic iron ore of I
worldl is found in the upper p)art of t
ntat, but the~ supply of wvood becat
exhausted years ago andl the furna~
Cclosed. Later, at lilacksbuirg ir
Sworks have been established and( proa
e ise greatt results. Tnze ores t aken ire
d thispart1o the country Is naeededl
imix in the ores of othier "beds.
* There are factorie's 0of dliferen t. ( kin
in different p)arts of 1the( State. Go,
wagons and buggies aire miade in nc
L than one localit,y at prices complari
ti favorably with those obt aininig el;
I. where.
i~I, lrt the chiief~i instry is that of c<
2 ton spinning, and in thlis the mernd
0 has been most relmarkalie. Years a
,there were factories here, nut Ih,
gave way in im port ance to iagrieniIto
4l A t the be'ginlning of the war only a fi
e were of imtip rtanice. lIn the past <
e cads thiis State has been pulshing napi
ly.
htoth I teamf and wan-r power a
used, lIu tihe fatter is ini excess. TI
e factories uin tg steamn, however, t.hou
t they have tn imeport their coal frc
3. other State's, are p)aying~ hiandsor
h1 profits.
v The followinug table gives a comipa
t son for three periods:
4STA'1MlT'-sTi 1 (O CoTTN FA. ((1oRI..
C ~ 1570. 15s44. 1592.
n Numbe......12 24; Est. .ft
e C.apitaI.... ,cl,0041 14,44f,le00 y7,II41
s Spmnle cs.... 5,40i 1Sf 1000 .1i2,
y Lo.oms.............. ..........12
i liaIles ''on-i
t stunledi... '4,50:100 1
,v Value of ' n 444
llprodnets5.V1 ,22,44i 2,$t45,4004 12 1444
Soult.h C'aroina leadts I hce South
tihis induIIstriy and( iihe profits are ye
large, b einlg from 7 to( 2.3 p:'-r cen t. a
nuially. Thl e niulls inulst, S .)ler orIn
t er,'come111 III t he (co toll.'' T hoe tcoi
ig Iirst. will h ave eliotce of wal er fpo
e'r aind I 'cat. 4on.
hI i Iei: i:FNTiNI: - \ 0 1. i-l l-l.
ili Thel tIlrplentinle 11nlustr1y still oc
It p'ies manyi elf our1 cItizells. Tlhec p1
Ifut of last. ve,er IS est inllite4d at .,,
Is rasks oi I lerpet'.lne anid 25.3,000 bnarre
II.h I A lat ugh 11(1 unIc of lie tiinhe'r h
:.y been ('lt. away, at great. (14al rc'lltil
le. ind1 th e are uni4 111y s;ca w 11ailIs. I,.u
iln her' is compa1Ir4Ia'. ly ('ceap arcd tic
1(1 port is latrge.
Ii- it, lhas been'l etined a tlng 111n4-' th
a1 alter thle p)1'In tree' has been1 "hatcke
Id for tulrpe1nt iln it. herome1I1s IIallt fil orSa
ig ig inito Iirst class lluelr. .\sM muI'ch
y the pIinelandes have been* I real edl, t.he
in was hesItancy irn bing hunbIlerI.
n - cenit careful experi Inent11s byI till' Il
li- States G overmneni4 t arce sai t4o f'I
n- concilisively that tile e'xtratction
Ir- tuirpenitine has no dlelete4'ricous elf<
w whatever on tile wvoodl c't.her'i chiemi c
88 ly or physically. I'roof of sllch a grn
toy fying fact immediately adds immense
At ly to the value of our forests.
of VALUIC OF 'RO'ERTY.
r The property of South Carolina is as
0II sessed as follows:
d. Real estate................. $91,70,000
'i1 Personal property............50,7h6,(X
ut tailroad property .......... ..26:7C')X,00(
e Total, $168,871,277
to It is obvious that this is not, the true I
at valuiation of the property. Some con
ti sider it not more than two-thirds, others
ep not more than a hal'. The effect of
ne this undervaluation is to make tax rate
appear double. Were the property as
ts sessed at its vtialue, no one would be
he compelled to pay more for general ex
peses, a:d the low rate of taxes com
it' pared favorably with the levy in other
* States.
''he tax levy ol this low assessment
es 'is for State pil pose 5' mills, for ordi
nary county taxes about 3 mills, for
schools 2 mills, with special taxes in
!r certain localities.
Ild F-TNDINU IllESTATE- D>E1T. .
to During the present year the State
has funded over 55,(X00,00) worth of 1
nt bonds which will fall due in .1 uly. The t
ur old bonds bore 6 per cent. interest, and
ill the new ones will bear 411- per cent i
These bonds are free from taxes, con (
rid pons are receivable for all taxes except.
il- for the support of schools. A sinking I
ig, found of $75,C00 a year, secured by s
phesphate royalty, is provided. These
bonds were taken in a block by a syndi
cate and are now (pioted above par. p
is The total bonded debt is about 61,5-0,- I
of' 000.
lThe Constitution provides that the s
indebtedness of t.he State shall not be i
increased without a vote of two-thirds i
he of the (Itialified electors of the State
.13 and that, no county or municipality a
ie shall have a (lebt in excess of 8 per cent. t
Ilof its assesed property. This wise i
provision itisures investors against c
rash action and makes the bonds of I the v
State a capital investment. P
l.tailroads connect, all parts of the i
State with each other and with areat e
, lcentres of trale and popiul:ttion. Water
4)- transportation iti .he lower tnortions is
oi cheap and convenient. ''he total rail- i
oo road mileage in the State is 2,535.11 1
- imiles.
e;i l~il. LION AND -l)U(A'l IN.
; The people of South Carolina are a
homogeneous. Most of the whites have (
common origin. There is no foregin <
0 population of low character to menace <
our free institutiont. The foreign citi- I
h11 zens of Soith Carolina are among the 1
11)11 best. They have assimilated them- .
iipi selves to existing conditions. Contests
hetween capital and labor are practical
ly 1unknown.
In every portion of the State chur
re- cies abound and the different denomi
nd ntions have each a large membership.
Ie 1'opular education ha much ad
ler vanced in the past decade. 1(a many
to towns there are line graded schools be
)Ml sides private institutions. There are
fine higher institutions of learning.
The State maintains three white and
na one colored colleges and there are sev
o. eral private and sectarian colleges. All
ms are doing a good work. They offer
)og superior facilities for the youth of
m- other States who cannot stand a cold
or climate.
ire Persons who belIeve that every town I
A- should contain a church and a school-|<
to house will find these conditions in i
South Carolina. 'ublic free school i
buildings in 1812 3,487, costing in erec- t
fion, 38N,112.I1; enrollment. white, ti:1,- s
I530; colore( 113,219I. Total 214,7 194; aver- 8
r- age att,en(laiice, wliito, 67,931 ; volored.
S80,827. Total 148,761.
.iel)iI't''LI.ANF.)lis.
I V There is ample opportunity for prolit
I in the oyster Industry. The State owns
!y many acres of line oyster beds which
she leases on reasonable terms.
r ''lough the Carolina oyster is not s.)
tlarge as his Chesapeake brother e is a I
he riv~al in delicacy of Ilavor.
a. l)imin ishinig yields (elsewhiere should t
Slead oyster growers to turn their atten- j
tion hither.
lie Streams and lakes and1 bays abound11(
in line lishi. *Licstr,iad
i thel.1J. 1). Wylie, t)lncs r,md
ce h largest- oat crop) on an acre, whic h
was 14 bulshiels.
I)r. Blroyles of' 1'endIletoni is said t.o
mhave mn ade the largest yeld o1 rice t.o (1
to the acre in the history of' rice cult,ure, a
which wats niniety-two) hutshels.
sI )r. I 'arker of' Columbwia, before tblu
ilwar, made anid gathered 21K) h ushiels oif
re cornl I romi a measuiro(d acre.
lr. I )rake of Mlarlbloro a few year-s t
se agoi won thle Americani Agriculturist,
prize of' S1,4 N for the best acre of corn
-inI the 'ntited Staets. TVhe crop gath'- t
ercted in thle presence of' represenltat iv(s
of the papier and others, measulredt two
liy hundred i.nliI flty-foiur (2541) bushels and l
re me odd~ pounds. Ti's surpasses ailt \
Skniowni recordts, andI wa.i on upl-tan<l.l
I. . Somec of the heaviest yields of t'ot,ton i'
.ll thIe4 world hiave beien from thism SItrie.r
Tlen cutti ngs of' alifalfta averaiginlgc
re twenity inches to t he cutt inrg were matde I
hie in onie year, It is said, by Colonel ition y
of lFairlieit l mlin Tr
m Mbore than (lilo ollars wrhof
1 ol was taken I romn t.he I)ortn Mi no in
llagelhIld, and several payinag ininesi are
no0w iln operation.
Th'Ie lintest. long staple cotton in the
world hias beeni g .ri on our sea is
Itandts.
Thie above facts give somec idea oa
th le niat iirat re-soulrces alI the presenit
4)4 prosp)ects ofl the St ite. Stil h. Carolina
11( oIfers advanimitages to4 comer-s whot seeik
hoianes, a sathibiriouis clianat or' minvest
449 men'it. Wheithtter des5 i rig i lbe tmanu
factiarers or farmners they caninot go
ll taiis it t hey set their faces towi t
intel'alaznett.o State, aand ti a uch a a
ry heartily wi-jcoir,. II. t.IL L.ui AAN,
- A~. TralinI Roiior Sihot.
'S.\SN FR A NI.i(t, .1line 12. A special<
Ifromii \ 'isal ia says t.hatt a not he4r fight, ble-i
t.wei-n h- vans :mdl Sout age, t.he ( 'abns I
train rmobbllirs, adl ollicers took placei
- 'ast eveumalg. A n othicer was shot inl the
Sleg iiawh l'vans was pirobabily mortally 1
wotiledt, If' not4 d4a-l. .lohn Sontaig, t
onella of the nottorioius traitn baundiit.s, was a
hitought to this5 CIty this mornIng. lIo
as is imortally woe nded. It wats he and1( I
i5, niot Chris i',vuos, his comp)anioni, wvho
ai- wvas wVounl(te.i in last night L' battle
X - wit h the ollicers. Evyans madte his es
caet[i in I lie mnountains. (; Ilicer .Jacksoni I
a;was shot twico In thle leg.
td - t
w. w Itchcraft in Georii'.
o) .\TI,A Ni'A, ,1lile II.--\Vesley Shiaw,
eat Ila lunan, In ., orderedl all old wvo I
i- no, believedl by niegroes to be a witch, I
el o44 his land. She followed him11, t.o (.
ye "'pick uip hiis tracks." lIe, to0 prevent
of b IeinIg bewitched, attempted t.o cut her t
'ct " *witch vein."' I nstead1, hei strucek her i
al- juign lar volin, andt she Is dlying and lhe Is I
i-. Inl ial.
NEW DISPENSARY RULES
.nlet by Ilse State Ioari of Comitrml Vo- '
t ortlay.
C01ol-1' it ., S. C., .lino I . --'ho fo
owing rules were issuel yesterday by (I
lie State Board of Control with refl'er
ice to the transportat.ioi of li(litors Iin
his State. The rules relatv to the sh i p
nont of liuors into the State as well if
LS siipment Irom the State. bi
(overnor Tillinin sail t.iost who aI
vere respolisile for the- prosec tl >ns, ill
or violation of' the raules will use th. ;6 ,
liscretion inl all c;ises cotigtr u1p. I'l'e
loard will use its best efforts to see 'l
hat O.h lpeople oltIhe Sl.ate gOt, ni
i<quors except t,hat wit h the I>aliIet.o
rind oil it.
1oIIowing are t.1he I riI'portat ion i
Iles issited yesteirdliy :
ltuile 1. No li<litors of lt above do p1
cript.ior cali Ie It-gally brought. int I )
he State by a public carriier. es
hfipped to 1). I I. Tra xl 14,t', St at 0on tt
nissioner, Colmnhia, S. an'., itI beIl ring ia
is c-rtilicate, a copy ol'iwhich is hwre
o appended: ii
"ThIis certi licate shows iIIit. I hi, p: 1,
,ge of*- ----has been porcliased t r I(
ount of the State ol' Souit I Carlii I,
inder the Act of Dceinber, 21, I.,
or distribhut ion by I lie St at.e CoiI IIu 1
toner. 1). 11. T1 .::
"Coiinissioner." 'l
l'rovided. .hati lieluor inl traiisit Ili I\w
lasS through Ithe SUlte wiiffiut itt r
erence. t
litilli 2. Mlamtil'actmuier.i ma.v hogallyl aIr
hip plerons outsbe th a whni
ackage bwars er.late hveeby apf
ended: r
"This certifieate show Iet-'. t s pack i
ge has been sold bVyoId I lhe lim1itso
he State Icy naniufactrer ini is por
ittted to be t.ransported Iby any pthiI
arrier in aveordance with theI i -- pr-o
isions of Act, of'1 )h a-etli-r 21. 1 . 2. t 2
rohibit the imnaitl'acture atil s.ih- of' i
Itoxicating li<puors within tht 'tat t,
xcept as herein permit,ted. aUS
",lI). I I . T I:.% 'K ,.1:. C,)Io IIi n Ssilone1 .r." Ill
lile :. 'ick.aLes shipli-i i,tn 1o I
mbia Co point, wi1chtn1 the liSulde will pr
ear the stine c'ertilicates ai under li.h e'
lMile 4. Ceuint.y dieiise i,s e.it ship Ie
iny lititors at all anywhere. v, ,uit
nly sell to parties who tino ke th'ir -
iiest in person or' who bring writivin
rders, and stiel packagtes (it 114111two ,I
ivarig .hw Stat.' bel ini hstii- T
iorted only by iIlic carrior,; :a- lite
onal baggage )I I l pAil v h.ivin-, it inl
hiarge.
iale 5. i , iiors pirchased lyond I I I"
imits of' th Stat,e in ty hoe brotilit. intil
,lie St.ate and t raiisportIi I by pu1id0iC v,ir
riors is personal baggage iii charge ot
he pa-im-lger. Who ()wns, the s,111o: p).Kq
nded, thatt it Inotin such <iaittily as
'o indicate that, it is for sale.
little 6. Shotil- any lwrson insist )
ihipping li<ior, as such, into the Si ate ii
without the ert,Liicalt e provided ii I ile I
1, or aniy personi other t hant i l:i aio I
L'ommissioner, the litblic carrier will I
riot, be held respoisible, provlhid, 1.0at
information is Iodged romt i l v vit
,he Governor as to sti'hi shipittmen and
ts destination. 0
Itile 7. l'ublic carriers will not be
teld responsible for t.ransp,-)rI.iIg Ii.
Itiors smtiggled into flt' Stale as o.hr 'q
aierchandise utilesi Ihere Is reason to I
elievo that there is c,ohIsion het wee 'il
hivii aid t,he shipper. Tiey I
pecXt.illy asked to co-tperatie with l its in
filn report. suspiciotis lpmkages.
1i. lI. otv-.t.t , ( 1overnor, S
W . 11. ', t.l u:et , tot)oI t . G v- .. ,
JlD. AX. T()WsN., .: N 1,.\ tL.. ItIl-n., t
Stat.,e Il oa rd ol' Cwn rl.4 .
A F'renzied Aliptheri.
'AH Iei-:tnsBi' IM', \W. \'A., .ie I I ,
nIdfcom ited hle innf M.
Ecr'ch had eight chiiren'c, t' cleso."t ii
liohom, MIolhc, wats I 7 yeas etbl. I-o ert
omce ,imie Mr's K'trchi hadl beent mhm- ii
holy andit li'recuntly saitl LI.hat, sIte wa ,o
fraid shte would die atnd lave ler' eini- lth
reni. SIhe sceiined to bini i0<e heai(Ulth,
owever, e.xcetpt that sIte sit nite.s
tfter' dtinc' er irS kercht <liiitliy sind to I .
lle as she wasi aI' wVortk int th hoautn- m
lie ranittoIii.he phlice whtere' it. had been i,
lot. It was '.onec, nitol whe~ The to'
trined 1to whtete itor tInIthetr was sheo
tree vearit' chilcldij attlet'r t init: l :i te
rais in the aoet 01 seizin,re i boy, c 'Tht ir
inc year's oldI, hott,.M lilie rei'0stId' lla- t h
b(iit. At'derper.att jtuele1 tlO h0 :I in
etwle io tra<l daugh1 '~tr,iot, iih
fas Itiould lyittg <h'ead oli 11oe. Il-lrti' tiie
ONse5(, anti htinitui le ied ao tow itn ilIt'rs
ito*r. %lr lI'ercht was ablsent. lrom1! biomt'
t the tIme ott the tra''edy.I
Iteto,tn, boy I. w~IOn.
riE ortittn has j115st left I liOlj~if o
ght here'. Laist, l'Iios5htv NI\lr. IIlaikt, ii
t e'lderly mano irnl ntighit watch iniai at II
lootd andI hair on2 thle na,op'id Ic' iI.'
itllowe't' the trices eoulti to' e iood; t
or ai hiltlre'd yardt.s, w%htere' Ito lo.a1 01
eithI, thtoug.h Ii tin wasj not0 c x i mt . I
Vhie'n the wotit' muan wai littough o
)iliioil he wals identt Ii'ed as t lIto in i'n
tg flalkx. Mlary Ilalksx, tIh' wite oil
hr. IhaIks, is unpillient.o< atI is ire t al
ore. Sli'e00 n ol tluntI lhe ti tit' oil
liege's that hter hu sh:orte al i to-kdc lie.rIi
tid shte a'ted it soIl' ideltts'. Mir. II oils
still ahv e, Ih oughe nt exp'- I -el i
conv'io .wo. I
lerkeley Court.tot I h-nerael Scssiotns ye'ts i
iarday mioring . iige I zIrt t.litng.d
Iho jutry ini the case against I I.eart .1 nt
on, whote wats I tet otiI 'Trsday lior Ihoe o'
itcolnv'tile. Th'le jutry wecre~ mt,out.'cl It
ve iiiittes, andt broutghlt in a verd c, I s't
I' guilty. 'Theo acct'iisedt 'ot.ito<to'oh Li (
lie ve'rdict was reteere'd ihe gave ino sI
videince (It heingii cotnscio0is oi it. The I ht.I
risoiter wax retinattedt to j il to4 awat, "
entaene
MORE BAD BUILDINGS.
he iCocont iliasier 11ats -ot 'enito to
Talking ianger.
WAS'IN(TON, June 15.-The recent
saster in this city has caused an inve.3
.zation of the goveriimcuti buil<yUs ani
is said many of them are unsafe.
Iu Imig them iIay be classed tie print
ofliec, which is i ratubliu series of
-ick structures covcring an area of
oit t100x200 Ieet. It was constructed
I S;! Iand was theti occupied by less
i 10 emtployore. From timne to
ne a<hlitions have been iade, but the
miler ot employees atd the amount
Imachiniery have Increased far inore t
pidly thaln the accoiiodations. The s
-it iloor is usiei as a paper warehouse i,
i Press room, in which are 125 lar,,e tj
esse' tunny of theini lntinil ig night c
Id dav. The secild tloor is u,sed t. a
mposin. , romn, atitl there lilidrc<ls C
tims of typvs InI (.ha11'es :1111 Oil heav y
rble im!in stones are kept stani- C
: ali the yiar roati. The third floor
usl(I ai a hiidery anld is loated With
aV'v Iihlraill irsses, ruting ima
illies 111nhe11wrin., inachines and tols
hiiksin Vaioi stages of bin<hnigtand ,
1l);tbled with scores ( of tron folding nia- <
ini'-. Iiilratic pres4s and enormous o
n'ii11ltis ofl orititedl matter. The brick li
i 1 lls , 14' hitiilm,_, are all imore o.' m
)II I pil , :' in thi e attempt,s to 9
renl1'henS tIhle h11fil dill.,foreIts of irol )
d1 wo.)od .- (: be11hr, itull eic ns . I ni LI
ber, hak,-v 11en bulitl 111t-> each Hloor. tl
I 4'Il ;t ill 1*4) t)lt: ll(so1 I .101o le 110
is Il ti 1.r4 e hiltiititti lt iar.i are 4t ed1l
'KII I II 1tIlw I1lor i)t the hin-li <1Ce- t
1 t1 tI .,ll V ti ilve ir)III' and wmn t t l W lho
'111t to weirk ;Il i o w _,vcrinmvnl, prin' e
Siil aky 1d1h1 so) Wi tit :kar atdi tI
44iiin- . I lie itill 1'.911 IIpropri
44) 4'~i1, il fow th purcha4v t f :a tiq-w
o. but, a i iest in havin-, beenl rati4e41 l
ilo Ih ;i) vonncct in!, 4 611:1titi or owil- 1
11t1) ill the p rit y I I i s eIIit lie , 0h e V
l4v-first v1 ,!rvss ttientlvd Lite ap.it
-pif)fohti nn un cli iV Is l i 1:ot,
,1-ii-.'lIti:t-lh rillt-11s'.lit tIll.ehl,p
[Pt 4IV- 1.n se t e ri. '! H ti 111 tu te I Ie -
18 .4't4414 lif- ii 4 f1111hl i-4l11.1 re.t
N,VI Ti l-* N l.Y% ' ..t' l .
Ti t t (olvel-11111vi l ' i 'illii i sl :10 Is
hu W dt.r lo'lrdiu. ii te the en er (it
-Vi' libI Md(l I w itrovl.s, Itiie I\ 11kt S'
111'-11*1 ,1t(M l w;i Idvi,art.ul'st a ri lls, I
nt, uri k h 0-an t ie'lil i val .er the:te'
104II ". I wiv l It t'" (C cl til out,
itt 'ili ilii ;a'ir ('a bIt- t i t N co y n tlr y t- I
I aalI is tisperat 1,i1*01p a t il wyith I
i4'1i041 l li (I:1114..'ti s -I l e s :1111 l e; y t r
w,'ll44 ikAta I; 1.f.ith e llf lila ! Sin ild hillI
Viiry t'llilisIIIIIyve wol1t)I h 4:iArItl donI i
'18fler lhe we'h VIZ.th kilin I.- rllf( il
'ulg r t or s
Tl l 114 I l 111111 4111 low l 1.-41 by
Sit o te ' e t'-pa ll t1. 11 's :t t(1el'Wk,
) ih l 4liv s o l .h ! .1' i ine llii ( Ym wIinen .
IIIliIIye'l ill . IL i- hic:ted on the
muth sile ( E1. shttee, opposite 0he
1ibllice budidiw-g, anf d is croweledl rom
>p Lo bott.m wath files hiealv offlioo
4r tilre antiI I the woihr-ilit of dhe eluploy- I
'S o l p 111) inl .1 sp. :e a<de lt iLte l'or
Vs ,11 1 'll ei r ll.11 11 411her.
Eve'll lile ile > fielltrr l lt illl
i2, 1113""IN.cly e :l t i te lit' miarble <
(I iro m, i is llw\%i, l l it'ic d tjmli Piat.
;' ' trV 11 4I stillith is.'sle i ti or
;I L It t the ; i llerivs i>tl i It N i i t i1 l4l E
m trect sildts ( t' l ib m iliw-, Ii at mnce
l (Ved1 1 e11vir. vmnents wieb , w'I
rlich toe inl tht. Isement. A\
,iitisp i eii I ill i l t fe bmilin 'i lo cdt i
it il. Im;s setIled lilore thanti two incehes
"'IX ri 4i 4 Llsi p lt' t 18 i n wI14 I14 Ilise.t1 re, (414
1 n;l u. ilti con res topr.
I a le;'s ;44 l SItilillateIi st l,'5 Xis !I ori
it lLy ('ri:Il'gt' i 411 < Ict. 1I'iIliIrp
t l :1l 1 to t ,s ant I( l gttt, t o ,~.- he r
ii'1 ( o444f I 1 4 44 I' keley Cola t'I of (2ye.
41l'Ill! w4tti 4illi th e t cl igi o fthe r
44 i isoners onvietto Irap itra l i' rit
insl.41 fogth t' ir, i zI' ., ks itt 44ll in lic''ank
itsord atll 'ihe Ten1( a'ulet: 1 Ithe 7llth
y li bls E. Senat.e'ced toi sevCen
'is a hadl. b rl h 'ntn ir .
ALL IS SERENE
BETWEEN GOV. TILLMAN. AN CON
GRESSMAN SHELL.
fteforner8 CaIl on '. it C-m,gro4m ev n and
Atk Hit rar a Fu tia ' Tacrongi Ex.
ialanaiitlont-iil'tWillI ei,'ir,rtT'iltwn'ifor
Menal or.
COI1'.inix, S. C., J une'l2.-Congress
nan Shell is not a traitor to the Re
ormiers, and the man who pronuilgat
d the Shell manifesto will remain loyal
o the man who inspired it. This is
ho information coming from a high
iurce in the Reform camp, and there
'ems to be ground for the statement
iat the Register was premitire In the
i;trges against one member of the
reatest political triumvirate South
artlina has known in years.
That the lliister's charges against
aptatin Shell created uneasiness in Re
>rm circ' there Is not the least doubt.
here was histling and bustling, se
ret volft-reices and letters flying all
v v'lthe S at e. A w.ty up in the atmos
here of t he le.ori camt could be
ei a litt.le ebtd, growing larger by
egrees. Tm political prognosticators
I that factioi shook their heads, and,
ke the sailor at s-a, muttered "foul
'eather al'ead." To t he overstrained
aze of the prognosticitori there ap
eared an impeling toreo behind that
oud, and they thought, they could see
le face's of Shell, l mnablisin, Talert.
'arley. H operl' erry, C.iuihiman anti
tle.'s i.)ok ing serenely bt deliantly at
iem.
Now the pr-)phets say those faces
ave 0 Ope.tr-d aid that the little
od I ,<ser - - ) all the faces
lost to )v iir.- t ni that cloud was
tat of Captait .M+
Like the "picture t:1ured ! lie wall"
lose face's miiay be gone, uat the calm
Ll.s of that clottd betokens a st.orm.
1rhether the steersman of t.he new
tp will he Shell there is doubt. The
eo'orners are coni4lent that, lie will
At he. A .louirnal representative had
long t.alk a *ew days ago with one of
iv Nielrl leaders. Naturally, Cap.
tin Shell wali the theike of coiversa
- l'lls were Sriois changes against
plaii k'eli," saitt the leader, "and
vvre probahly based oi thlie Captaili's
I range c wild riict. ricentl1., itt he is all
igit now.-'
"II OW'S 1I1t '" asked The .1 ournal
ini,t-ome what suri-prised.
"vell, a oegat Lti o - iulens Tll
na'ites callold on Captainl Shell last
Nedneslay and asked him to explain
iiinself. lIe did so to their ut,imost
atisftaction. Ilesaid that lie would
iot, he a candidate for (iovernor against
lie Tillman nominee anti would
apport, (lovernor Tillman against
Itltter for the 1,inited States Senate."
"'I'lat's 1unn1y," said 'T'he Journal
nati.
"I truily 1 eliev e," conitinu1ed the gen
lemian, 'that the lit iirens Tillmanites
wout have lynched( Shell had he an
1o1riced himself, algallist Tiliiman.
'hey were powerfililly worked ip.
iiel, however, denounced the whole
)nsi ness as false I hat lie had turned
Iga ist the Ief ormers. For my life,"
;td the leader', "I can't see hioV the
ltan who Issued the ialoris maifesto
ould beconservative in seitiments or
11y other way."
"Hm eU Captain Shel I is a conscientiotis
tan and warnts to to right," interposed
Ibe newspaper mnit.
"''hat's all right, but I can't see how
e cotll ever bit a cotiservative."
In i al k ing onl other matters time lead.
r said that. heexpected to see a dark
Orse appointed Internal IRevenue
tolh'i'ttr anri that, i f iern IPerry was
11priled lhe certainlly wouldn't be
>i rnlredI. Senator I rby wvlll ight hits
>'t itrationl to the last ditchi.--J our
Ti Iitc4 i)ea le in Luack.
W Aslil INE Tl'N, J.tn I 13L.-Assl~itt
ecretary Illmlin has instructed the
)llector of iJust.)oms at New York to
3fuind the dti es paid unaer the coin
iins involved ini trw stint o'' Ililum
e'in & ( o., against, the l'nited States,
:'ceiitly decidetd againrst the U:ni ted
I ates. Thei icu11estionr r aised in this
tit, was as to the p)rop)er cJonst ructioni
I t he tar il act of March 3, 1883, ne
tl inhg toc the propIer classi lication of
'a1 tobacciJo. Tlhei law p)rovided that
beniever ~> per cent, of' leaf tobacoo
'as sruitable for wrappens, the duty
norl b11 e 75 cents- per pounid; othier
as, -ic>: ernt s per poun rd; but no unit
>r' i'mtritlirng the pe'rcentage was
unied in the law. ('ollectors, under
1st r io 1 nc, Ii xeti upon) "the hand'' as
eriin ti iu inii, whereas the court
enide's "'the hate"i to) (conistite t,he
lilt, ill tjli'stinnd. All entries of tobac
a, Wi here'or'e. await ig the dletermlina
on ol I hisH' pistion), wvill be reliquida
'(d in ai'coirdeance with the court's de
siorn. uirrI it, is estimnatedl that at least
iii m,iu will hiav'e to be refunded to
ic il'orter..
'lhE i)ied ly l~Ightning.
Sn; rmN v i 1,.June 13.-Th'le storm
list nirghtt i'enewedl itself this morning
to a teirilic rage of crashing thunder
iI bhlizing liightnring. Between G anod 7
clock it reachied a climax. The air
as charcoet with electricity, darting
onig telegraph andl telephone wires,
mt.mrg ini aind ariouid dwellings, and
iiockinlL ver'y senlsliy '1d( severely
nny peo!ple. VThe house of' Colloway
rnitht on Mulherry street, was struck,
tel ai negro, ,Iiohnl Brown, standing at
ie house oi Mr's. Epting, about forty
ar'ds distant, dr'opped( odeado from the
aver'e shock. There was not a scorch
rmar'k on hris body. Every one In the
tnediate nieighborhlood was more or
~sa shocked. In the WVest End a horse
'as killed. VThe diwelling of Mr. Fimley,
it Coilee sti'eet, was struck; the well
01u8e of' Mrs. Garraux was torn to
ieces, andu sixty telephones were buret
lit.
Traine Clonaide4.
L1ITTi"ir llouiK, Ark., ,1 une ll .-P'a
einge'r train No. I, wvhich left Fol
aimi h at 2 o'cl ock yesterday af ternoot,
md a nornthibound stock train collided
tear hluler, Indieiani Territory. lioth
'ngintes antd the baggage and mall cars
were telescoped and t.he cair ditched.
A\ mros' F"rarme, engineer of t.he itock
.,raln, and1( his lireman were killed. The
ther 'liremnan, namiled Stevenson, is
missing anid Engineer ,lames Gales, of
thei passentger train, is fatally injured.
More than a score of persons were ini
jured. Somne may die.

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