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p m ^ ^ jjggg??? ???-m^m^mrnmmm i ??? ! ????? ?? i ^ PMgBg" 'I l g "VOL. 13. YOEKVILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1867. NQ. 34, t* * > ? ? THE LOST WILL; OR, MY UNCLE'S GHOST. The scenes I am about to describe occurred about the year 1860 to a respectable family by the name of Culverton, in Orange county, New York. The Culvertons had lived in the old family mansion, and epjoyed the revenues of the family estate for many years, without the slightest doubt that they had a right to it, when suddenly there started up, from goodness knows where, an individual who . laid claim to the property, and seemed likely to . prove his claim to all but the Culvertons themselves. It was certain, Jabez Hardy was the nearest rel- 1 ative, and certain that Mrs. Culverton was only a ' grand niece of Hiram Hardy, deceased; but the 1 Culverton'8 had lived with the old man for years, | and he had promised, time and time again, to leave them everything. He had even declared that his will was made in their favor; and that such a doc- 1 umcnt was actually in existenoe, Mr. Culverton 1 (wild nntdnnht: hut dilizent search had been made J in vain, and Jabez Hardy, whom the old man nevk er saw, was to take the place of people he loved so t fondly, and who had been his comfort in his last w moments. "It was a shame!" said every one. "A cruel, wicked thing 1" sobbed Mrs. Culverton. And Mr. Culverton, who had never expected a reverse, was quite crushed as the pending lawsuit progressed. A thousand times a day he said: "How providential it would be if tJnole Hiram's will would turn up at this moment" "I wonder how he can rest, poor man, with such injustice going on." But no matter what they said, or how they managed, no wiH was found, and Jabez rubbed his hands in triumph. It was strange that while matters were in this condition, one so deeply interested in the subject as Mrs. Culverton necessarily was, should dream of anything else; but dream she did, night after night, of an entirely different subject Inevitably, for a week at least, she had no sooner closed her eyes than she found herself in an intelligence offioe, full of employees of all ages and ( nofinnc and to fWrtfi wif.h a Plfl of Km all Stat ure, with white Scotch features, and singular blue eyes, wide apart and staring, who desired the situation of cook. 4 p At first she did not like the girl, but in every * dream she found her aversion vanish. After a few moments' conversation, as invaria- ? bly, it had began to melt when the girl looked at her and said: 1 "I'd like to hire with you, ma'am.'-' f It was always the same office?always the. same ? girl?always the same words were uttered?until Mrs. Culverton began to think there must be some- s thing in the dream. ( "Though it can't come true," said she, "for while Johanna remains here I shall never hire an- i other cook." y And just as she said this there was a scream in the kitchen, and the little errand girl ran in fright- i ened out of her senses, to tell how Johanna, lifting c the wash boiler, had fallen with it and scalded herself. Mrs. Culverton followed the young girl into the ? kitchen, and found Johanna in a wretched condi- i tion ; and the doctor being sent for, she was put to bed and declared useless for her domestic capacity for at least a month to come. A tcmporaiy substitute must be had, and Mrs. Culverton that very 1 wpnf. to New York to find one at the in- ( telligence office. < Strange to say, in the bostle, she had quite for- { gotten her dream, until she suddenly stood face to face with the very girl she had seen in it A small 1 ft young woman, with very singular blue eyes in a i white face, and whose features betrayed Scottish origin. She had risen?this girl?from a seat in the office, and stood before her, twisting her apron J strings and courtesying: *Td like to hire with you, ma'am," she said. 'Die very words of the dream, also. Mrs. Cul- i verton started, and in her confusion could only say: "Why?" i The girl blushed. "I don't know," she said, "only it seems to me, J I'd like to live with you." I It seemed a fatal thing to Mrs. Culvcrton, but ' she put the usual questions and received the most satisfactory answers, except as to references. i "But I can't employ you without a reference," said Mrs. C., knowing that Fate had decreed that this girl should take a place in her kitchen. "If you can't I must out with it," said the girl. "There's my lady's name, ma'am. She will tell .you I'm honest and capable; but she turned me off for frightening the family." "How?" asked Mrs. Cul verton. "Seeing ghosts!" replied the girl. "Every day I saw a little child in white playing about the house; and all said there was no such child there, though ft there had been once, but he was dead. Mistress said 1 pretended to see it for the sake of impertinence, and she discharged me; but I knew by her trembling that she thought I had seen a ghost. I went to a doctor, and he called it optical delusion, and said it would soon pass away; and sure cuough, I have not seen it since I left the house." It was a queer story; but "Mrs. Culverton believed it, and before she left the office, had hired Jessie to fill Johanna's place, for the space of one month from that day. That evening she came, and went to work with a will. "Dinner time Dassed comfortably, and tea time came. The Culvertons never ate anything but a biscuit or cake at this meal, and cups were handed about in the sitting room. Jessie came in at the appointed hour with her tray, served evciy one, and then stood smiling before Mrs. Culverton, as she said: "Please, ma'am, let me pass you, the old gentleman has not been helped. Yes, sir, in a minute." "The?old?gentleman!" cried Mrs. Culverton. "Yes, ma'am?behind you in the corner, there, please." "There's no gentleman, young or old, there," V said the lady. "I can't imagine what you took for one." The girl made no answer, but turned quite white and left the room. Mrs. C. followed. At first, she could extort no explanation, but by and by the girl declared she saw an old gentleman sitting in an arm chair in the corner, who beckoned to her, and she fancied in a hurry for his tea. What did he look like?" a.ked Mrs. Culverton. "He was thin and tall," said the girl?"hishair was white and very long, and I noticed that one of his knees looked stiff, and a thick gold-headed cane beside him." "Uncle Hiram!" cried Mrs. Culverton; "upon my word you've described my great grand uncle,! who has been dead for twenty years." Jessie began to cry. "I shall never keep*a place," she said. "You will turn me away now." "See as many ghosts as you please," she said, "as long as you don't bring them before my eyes," and went back to her tea without saying a word to any of the family on the subject, although she was extremely mystified. i Sarely, if the girl had ever seen her uncle Hiram?which was not likely, considering time?she must have seen something in the ghost line, and if indeed it were uncle Hiram's spirit, why should he not oome to aid them in their trouble ? Mrs. Culrerton had always had a little superstition hidden in her soul, and she soon began to believe this version of the case. The next morning she went into the kitchen and shutting the door, said to Jessie: "My good girl, I do not intend to dismiss you, ? be quite frank with me. I do not believe that ;hese forms are optical allusions. What do you ;hink ?" "I think as you do, ma'm," said the girl. "Our iolks have always seen ghosts, and grandfather tiad the second sight for ten years before he died.'.' "If you should see the old gentleman you told ne of, again," said Mrs. Culverton, "be sure and ell me. I'll keep the story from the young folks, in/? Mi- Pnlpprfnn wnnlH nnlv lancli at it: but rou described my dear old grand-uncle, and my )elief is you saw him." The girl promised to mention to her mistress, wything that might happen; and from that day m interchange of glances between them and a subeqnent conference in the kitchen was of regular xxmrrence. The girl saw her apparition seated >n the sofa in the parlor, seated at the dinner telle, walking in the garden, and so life-like was it hat she found it impossible to refrain from passing dates and cups and saucers to it, to the infinite imazement of people who saw only empty air in he same spot By and by she invariably spoke of her ghost as he old gentleman, and was no more affected by bis iresence than by that of a living being. If it were tn optical illusion, it was the most singular on re?rd. But all this while?ghost or no ghost?the figire never spoke, and never did anything to help he Culvertons in their dilemma, and the lawsuit ?as nearly terminated without the shadow of a loubt in Jabes Hardy's favor. In three days all would be over; and the Culverons who had earned their property, if ever morals did. bv kindness and attention to their aged elatives?whom they truly loved and honored? rould probably be homeless. One morning Mrs. Culverton set over her breakast after the others had left the roomH thinking of his when Jessie came in. "I've something to tell you ma'm," she said.? There's a change in the old gentleman." "What do you mean ?" asked Mrs. Culverton. "I've seen him twice at the foot of my bed in he night," said the girl; "and though always beore he has been kind and pleasant looking, now le frowns and looks angiy. He beckons me to go iomewhere, and I don't dare?in the night time." "You must," said Mrs. Culverton. "I know ie'll come again; and I'll sit with you all night ind go where you go. It may be of great use to us ill, Jessie." "I shan't be afraid ma'am, if I have company," said Jessie in the most matter of fact manner, and sarried out the breakfast things. All day they never spoke on the subject; but on etiring, Jessie found her mistress in her bed-room vrapped in a shawL "I'm ready, you see," she said. And Jessie nerely loosened some buttons and hooks and lay town dressed. Ten o'clock passed?eleven?twelve. Mrs. Culrerton began to doubt, when suddenly she saw Jessie's eyes dilate in a most peculiar manner, and n an instant more the girl said, "Why, here he is, ma'am." "There's no one there," said Mrs. Culverton. "Oh, yes, ma'am! I see him," said the girl.? 'He's in great excitement, ma'am, he's taking rat his watch to look at it, and the chain is made )f such bright yellow hair, I thought at first it was 50M." "His wife's hair," said Mrs. Culverton. "It ivas buried with him. You see dear old uncle Hiram. Does he look at me ?'' "Yes, ma'am," said Jessie. "Uncle," said Mrs. C., "do you know me after 11 il 1 on m cnese yearn i "He nods," said the girl. "Have you come to help us?dear uncle?" said :he lady. Uncle Hiram was described as nodding very tindly and beckoning. "He wants us to follow him," said the girl, and ind took up the light. The moment she opened the door, Jessie saw the figure pass through itMrs. Culverton still could see nothing. Obedient to the girl's movements, Mrs. C. descended the stairs and stood in the library. The ghost paused before a book case. "He wants mc to open it," said Jessie. "Do so," said the lady. "He signs to take down the books," said the girl. And Mrs. Culverton's own hands went to the work. Book after book was taken down?novels and romances, poems and plays. A pile of volumes lay upon the library carpet and still the ghost pointed to the rest till they were all down. "He looks troubled, ma'am. He seems trying to think," said the girl. "Oh, ma'am, he's gone to the other case!" And so, to cut a long story short, the four great book-cases were emptied without apparent result Suddenly Jessie screamed, "He's in the air. He's risen, ma'am, to the top of the case. He wants me to climb up." "Get the steps, Jessie," said her mistress?and Jessie obeyed. On the very top of one of the cases, covered by cobwebs, she found an old German book, and brought it down. "This was there," she said. Mrs. Culverton took it in her hand; from between the leaves dropped a folded paper, fastened with red tape and sealed. 1 '? ' ? * j ?J ? J.ne may pich.ua it up uuu icuu uu mu uuiciw these words: "The last icill and testament of Hiram Hardy.'' For a little while she could only weep and tremble ; soon she found words. "Uncle," she said, "in the name of my husband, and my dear children, I thank you from my soul. Does he hear me, Jessie ?" "Yes; he nods and smiles," said the girl. "Will you let me see you, uncle ?" said Mrs. Culverton. "He has gone," said the girl. "He has kissed his hand and gone." And so he had, for good; for from that moment he was never seen again by mortal eyes. Nobody believed the story of his appearance.? But the will had been discovered, without doubt, and the Culverton's were no longer in danger from expulsion from their old home. There they lived and died, and Jessie remained until she married; and all her life received every kindness from the family, who were indebted to her singular peculiarity for their comfort and happiness. Whether uncle Hiram's spirit really came back to earth or not, it is a question; but Mrs. Culverton always asserts that it did, and quarrels with every one who ventures to doubt the assertion. "We must never undervalue any person.? The workman likes not that his work should be despised in his presence. Remember then, that God is present everywhere and that every person is his work," IpswHattMUS fUatfiw*. " * | From the Southern Home Journal. LIFE AMONG THE CHEROKEES. BY JAMES M. BUCHANAN, JR. One of the most pleasant recollections of my life is that of the days spent among the Cherokee Indians. during the latter part of the year eighteen hundred and sixty-three, and the months of January and February, eighteen hundred and sixtyfour. Indeed, those days will be cherished by me during my whole life, and the happy moments I spent in the wilds of the Smoky Mountains will be remembered as the "sunny time." The manner in which I enjoyed myself with those original beings, and the many anecdotes of their trnly original life, (not so poetical as some writers have made it,) but truly original in simplicity, have made a lasting impression on my mind. Before proceeding further with my narrative, I will describe the country inhabited by these Indians, and tell something of the manner of theirKfe. They are settled in the Districts near Qualla TVtto in .Tnnlrc/in Pnnnfr. !nnrl filqn in Hflvwood and Cherokee Counties,) Georgia, on small farms consisting of about thirty or forty acres each, and these farms are principally worked by the women. The Indian men hunt the mountains near by for the deer and bear, that abound so plentifully in that wild country. The women are the real workers of the soil? The male portion of the community would consider it wrong, or in other words dangerous, to infringe on this time-honored right of their women. It has been a long established custom of this rude people. The men sometimes work, but seldom; and when they do, it is not characterized by earnestness and good will. On the contrary, their province seems to be hunting, and they will go off to the mountains and remain six or seven days at a time, living on parched meal, which, by-the-by, is a food that kills both thirst and hunger. I will here relate an old tradition among the Indians, that clings to their recollections even at this late period. It runs thus: "In olden times, when a wedding was about to take place, all the Indians were gathered together around the happy pair, and after much singing, (or in other words howling,) the fair bride handed her 'lord and master' an ear of corn, and in return he handed her the leg of a deer, and the ceremony was consummated amidst the wildest excitement." Now to them there is a reason for this strange proceeding, and when I asked the old chief what it meant, he explained it to me: "The handing the ear of corn by the squaw meant that the woman would stay at home and cultivate the ground, and attend to the house, &c. And the handing the leg of the deer meant*that the man would procure the meat by hunting;" and by this means of equal labor, food was provided for the family. rm 11 i_l O ? xne ianus are weu uikuii ixuv ui, uumc ui mc Indians (women) lay up much com and fodder for the winter, and equal, if they do not surpass, many of the poor white farmers of- that desolate region, in economy and frugality in their household affairs. The Indians are very proud of their hemes, and in "their settlements," as they term their lands, they have their own laws and regulations, and I can in truth say that they are very just in their ideas of right and wrong. If they have not a Blackstone or a Kent to refer to, and show to them "the riguts of persons, and private wrongs, &c," they certainly have a good friend in their adopted chief, Colonel William H. Thomas, (of Stekore Fields, the name of his farm in Jackson county,) to whom they refer all their trials and difficulties, and they are sure to get redress. This gentleman has done much towards the amelioration of the Indian character. His untiring efforts in their behalf have been the cause of their advanced civilization, and his good works among them will certainly be remembered by their children's children, with pride and heartfelt gratitude. One of the most remarkable of their pastimes witnessed by me, was their "danceand when I saw them gathered around a large log fire, joining hands and singing in their loudest manner, I could not help thinking of their careless happiness. I felt as if I must take a share in their innocent frolic, and when I did so, they seemed delighted. Sometimes they spend whole days in enjoyments of this kind, and now, that they have religion among them, they often meet at the "Mission TT/Mioa " onr? nfivir tVlpirTpliinnilS areOVer they have "a dance." Although they know, as yet, very little about the Bible, they love to have its teachings explained to them, and listen attentively to the reading. The Bible has been translated into their language of late years. The women come well supplied for these religious feasts, and think nothing of wearing three dresses at a time, so that they can appear in a new dress each day of the feast. They take great pleasure in appearing in red?in any other color that is bright and gay; a piece of looking glass for a breastpin; brass ear-rings, and a red head-dress, generally complete their toilet "These are their charms." I had the curiosity to attend the funeral of a very old Indian former, who in truth did die of a good old age, he being over ninety years, and I must say, it was conducted in qui tea Christian-like manner. They first procured a few boards, from which they made a coffin or box, in which they placed their dead brother, with much care and sorrow. After some gestures over the body by one of the older members of the tribe, probably a chief, they lowered the coffin in the grave, allowing the top to be even with the ground. They then placed some dirt and stones loosely on the coffin", and around the grave, they built a fence, over which they placed a covering of brushwood. They then departed in silence. I wondered why they were so careful in arranging the grave, &c., and on asking an old Indian, lie informed me the reason. He said, "It was their custom never to bury one of their tribe deep in the ground, for fear he might not be quite dead, and as to the fence, it was built to keep the wild animals away." The Indian character is a pecular one, and my sojourn among them gave me a good insight into their real dispositions and habitd. I found that they generally were united in their likes and dislikes, and I observed that when you offended one, the dissatisfaction spread through the whole tribe, and his quarrel was made the quarrel of all. They were very dangerous when aroused, and I thought treacherous, (I had always read that they were,) and I feared them whenever I saw any signs of anger on their countenances. They never sought, however, to do me any injury, although I was often left with fifty or sixty of them in the mountains alone, and sometimes had neither salt nor potatoes to give them for several days. They treated me kindly, nevertheless, and would willingly eat their deer and mountain trout without a murmur. Another characteristic of the Indian is, that when he takes a fancy, he is a true friend, and will willingly share his meal with you, and do all in his , power to make you happy. ; lean never forget their kindness to me when they found that I was far away from home and friends. After a day's hunt, when the game was being divided among them, they always reserved a : share for me, and would accompany the gift with ; many kindly expressions. One of them called me i the "Wandering Star," because I was so far from home; and when I told him about New York and other great cities, his eyes grew very big, and h< shook his head in doubt. The Indians that served in the late Confederate Stales army (those that were under my immedi ate command I can speak for,) of course did no! understand the issues that the two sections of the country were trying to maintain; but I can trulj say that the larger part of them did all in their power for the cause they espoused, and fought only for peace once again to their homes. It was this result that they thought they were fighting for, and many of them lost their lives in it j defence. They were true to their homes and firesides. After the war they willingly returned to their allegiance to the United States Government, and wouild as willingly take up arms in defenoe of the ^ vt -Aix All A1 l government as tney cua against u. au tney asx is a hunting ground and a resting place. From De Bow's Beview. MEMORIES OF THE WAll. Neither the Southern nor the Northern people seem to have been prepared for the startling events which followed upon the election of Mr. Lincoln to the presidency. The South had threatened dissolution so long, and had talked so much of the right of secession from the Union, which they threatened would occur on each fresh invasion of their rights, that the North had long since learned to regard it as the old ciy of wolfl wolf! in the fable. Yet the wolf did at last come, and as much to tie surprise of one section as the other. We traveled to the North and witnessed many of the exciting scenes which preceded that evermemorable election. We heard the angry and bitter denunciation of the South which was common, and saw those vast processions for which there seemed to be not space enough in the cities, which took the name of "wide-awake," and whose banners and transparencies were inscribed with the most, terrible threatenings against our people.? Still the more thoughtful and leading men with whom we conversed, though they recognized and lamented the danger, would never admit for a moment that the South would do otherwise than sullenly protest and submit as she had ever done before, and the less considerate would grow angry upon the mere suggestion, and boastingly assert that the South could not be kicked out of the Union. Thei-e were leading men, too, and men who controlled powerful newspapers, who admitted the justice of our complaints and the realities of our danger, and said that if we desired to withdraw from the Union they could not complain, and that no serious obstructions would be interposed. A distinguished leader even went so far as to say, if the Union upheld slavery, let the Union Blide. Even Mr. Seward, who was recognized as the organ of Mr. Lincoln, after the States began to secede, continued to protest that there was nothing serious in it, that in a few weeks harmony and order would be restored again, that it was a mere political ruse, and the President-elect, himself, turned it all into a merry joke, and never oould laugh enough in adverting to it, or cease to find consolation that nobody was yet hurt. Even Southern men who were at the North that summer, in their conversations, were forced to admit that the chances were very much against any action at home. The people had not recognized the presence of the danger, and could not, most probably, be prepared to strike before it was too late. They would, therefore, acquiesce. In this opinion all the merchants who had heavy amounts due by the Southern people, and of which disunion and war would prevent the collection, seemed heartily to acquiesce, and, so fai from restricting their operations, they continued to make large consignments to their customers almost up to the commencement of hostilities, and it is creditable to the Southern merchants to know that almost universally these goods were paid for when hostilities had ceased, although the amounts had once before been paid to their own governments. As an evidence of how little the chances of war were regarded; when we reached Washington City on the return home, we were called upon to address a large crowd of citizens, and when we spoke of Southern armies being brought into the field to resist Northern aggression and invasion, a gentleman present in the audience, who was a United States Senator from a north-western State, rose and expressed his regret at what had been said; for, in point of fact, an invasion of the South was an impossibility. "Come what will," he said, "you may assure your people that when an army attempts to cross your frontier to their harm it will be resisted and kept back by a stronger army ol our own peopleand yet this Senator was found afterwards in command of a Northern regiment devastating the South. Y/c were in South Carolina when the news ol the election of Lincoln was received, which seemed to the last moment not to be seriously expected. We were in front of one of the leading newspaper offices at Charleston when the people, flocking together, read the announcement. It was elever o'clock in the day, and no one knew what would be done. The crowd grew larger and larger. In a few moments some one cried out to raise the old colonial flag, and it was understood that a partj went in search of it Before, however, it arrived, others had prepared a large white sheet on whicl a nide palmetto tree and a lone star were daubed, and as it rose aloft and was unfurled in the breeze, a shout went up to the skies which was answered by the gathering of thousands. A moment aftei it was announced that the Judge of the Federal Court had refused to preside again, and that regarding the Union at an end, he and the other officers had resigned. Thus the ball of revolutior was set in motion. It was action without concen and spontaneous. That night the whole city war out-of-doors, and great torchlight processions paraded. the streets and serenaded the officers. Beinf a visitor at the house of the Judge that ovening. we were called out by the crowd. Never were there such times in that old city. We remained there several weeks. All business was suspended, Excited crowds were gathered at eveiy corner, and even on board the ships in the harbor, which were addressed by more excited speakers. Palmettc flags or lone star flags waved everywhere. Greal meetings were held in the public buildings, ai which throngs of ladies were seen, who waved handkerchiefs and showered bouquets upon th( speakers. Delegations came down to meet then from other towns, and even from other States, anc such was the resistless character of the curren that it was now evident to everybody at home thai South Carolina, at least, whatever other States might do, would secede, and that at once, fron the Union. Meanwhile, the other States to the south anc south-west of her were equally active, and the peo pie everywhere seemed to be moving with oni spirit in what they regarded the holiest of causes Public meetings and assemblies of every kinc were held in all the villages and counties, at whicl the most exciting speeches were made. Anger.?-Never get angry, It does no good.Some sins have a seeming compensation or apolo gy, a present gratification of some sort, but ange has none. A man feels no better for it. It i really a torment, and when the storm of passioi has cleared, it leaves one to see that he has been i fool in the eyes of others, too. A passionate mai adds nothing to the welfare of society. He ma; do some good but more hurt. Heated passion make him afire-brand, and it is a wonder if h 5 does not kindle flames of discord* on every hand Without much sensibility, afld often void of rea ) son, he speaks like the piercing of a sword, anc - his tongue is an arrow shot out, and found onlj t "in the boeom of fools.'' Why should it be indul! ged install? r ? v [by request.] LETTER FROM BRAZIL. The following letter was written to Rev. A. A. | Porter and afterwards published in the Southern Presbyterian. It is given to the readers of th? Enquirer at the request of a gentleman of Yori , District: "Rio de Janeiro, Aug. 23d, 1867. 11 Dear Sir.?As I am under obligations to you for information concerning Brazil, I deem it mj duty to write to you occasionally, from this far away land. We have been here five months, have seen a good deal, and experienced much. We have all had excellent health, lived well, and hope for good in the future. "We are all satisfied, and when we receive letters or see old acquaintances from the United States, we feel doubly 60. I have sent you by Mr. TL romp rvmiASj r?f flifl " Rrnrll Rnri/rrntum. Re porter," which will explain many things about this , country, which I cannot put in a short letter. Mr. R. has examined Brazil extensively, and declares that portions of it surpass all belief. He says the Province of Minas in vast regions, produces eighty bushels of corn to the acre, and that well nigh everything on earth grows to perfection. He is gone to the United States after his family. Hundreds of Southern men are here going to and fro. The countiy is so large that it is difficult to select a place and make a choice. "A large part of the eastern coast is very mountainous, and hence roads are difficult to make.? Many of us are fully satisfied that railroads are not desirable in such a country. Pack mules are used everywhere and are cheaper than railroads. The natives will not farm if they can help it; and I do not wonder, for they are accustomed to the hoe, as the only agricultural implement. The Americans are introducing the plough with much success. "Every profession here is full to overflowing, except that of farmiug. If slavery were abolished here, the condition of this country would be bad, indeed. It is sustained by large plantations. It is our opinion that slavery will not pass away from this Empire in many years. Yet the English and Yankees are at work on that subject here. "There are more immigrants in Brazil from New York than from the South. They come here to get employment in the Government works and are disappointed, and hence great destitution and dissatisfaction exist among them. The Southerners come to farm, and with few exceptions they are satisfied and contented. They buy large farms and several slaves on a credit, and go to work as in former years in the southwestern part of the United States. They get credit for three and five years for land, and one and two years for provisions at wholesale prices. I am thus furnished myself. "You cannot imagine the confidence existing here in a Confederate Southerner. They cherish us as a valuable acquisition to their country. "Rio de Janeiro is a commercial depot to which all nations send their best articles to procure the TTTViaVI tfl l?A?o fliom Nrt VirVlOrO An gUIU YVliiV/IA ID UC1C ptuu 1VI bU^Uii v T1 uuivj vu earth, can greater variety and abundance be seen than in this city. "We are free to worship, educate, publish, etc., here as in any place. It is true, some of the laws are not so much in our favor as we desire; but if they are violated, no notice is taken of it. The rising generation and legislators all favor progress in religious freedom, and it is astonishing what strides they have made since they threw off the power of Portugal. "It is amazing how cheaply a man can live in Brazil, if ho desires to do so. Fruits grow all around us, on almost every tree, and nothing seems to be poisonous on land or in the sea. We work and plant all the year round, need but little clothing, feed no stock in the country, the cattle are always fat, and a chicken never dies, at least with few exceptions. When our people learn to live here, great changes will take place, for we cannot remain stagnant "We havo a Presbyterian Church in this city of about eighty members, and two excellent preach1 ers who preach in Portuguese and English. We have four services each week. This church is a slavcholding church, and the only Presbyterian 1 slaveholding church now in the world. We will ' not connect ourselves with for we fear them.'' ' "The "Brazil Emigration Reporterto which my friend refers, is a monthly journal, published I in Rio de Janiero, in the English language, and 1 edited by the Rev. W. C. Emerson, a native of South Carolina and for many years a resident of ' Mississippi, from whence he emigrated last winter to Brazil. It is intended to supply the demand iu i the South for reliable information in regard to that i country, of every kind desired by those who are i thinking of emigration. It is published at five I dollari a year. All communications should be ad' dressed to the "Rev. W. C. Emerson, Caixa 254, i Rio de Janiero." Respectfully yours, i A. A. P. A VIRGINIA WEDDING. I A mnumnnilim* /vP *Vin Vnrlr TTrrnl/1. xrri I J.X. WllbdpUUUWMb VTA KUV A1VU .... r ting from Petersburg, under date of the 28th ult., I gives that paper the following graphic description of the recent marriage of Gen. W. F. H. Lee, and the enthusiasm created by the presence of General i Robert E. Lec: t "Not since the memorable event at the apple tree ? near Appomattox Courthouse, which brought peace to our distracted and bereaved country, has there ; been so brilliant and happy an affair South of Mai son and Dixon's line as was witnessed here this ! evening. The announcement of the marriage ol I General W. H. F. Lee to Miss Boiling, daughtei , of ex-Senator Boiling, of this city, was a matter ol I the most intense interest to all the late followers oi s the groom'B father, and attracted a large numbei > of visitors anxious to witness the happy event. At t three, P. M., the Northern train, going South, t brought over from Richmond the bridegroom acI oompanied by his father, General R. E. Lee, anc i his brothers, General Custis Lee, General Fits 1 Hugh Lee and Captain R. E. Lee, Jr. The arri I val of the distinguished party was eagerly lookec t for, and a large crowd assembled to greet their for 1 ""J Vi?o onno nrvnn Viia fint trici* tn <-Vii V 111 CI UlilCi auu XMLO OVUO U|/VU mo UiUV VAOXV IV tu\ 3 scenes that have long since become historio. Cheei i upon cheer rent the air, handkerchiefs were wavec from the balconies of houses by fair hands, andLe< i was kept with uncovered head while in the car . riage. The party were carried in hacks to the res 3 idencc of the bride's father, accompanied by Gen . Mahono and others. It being Thanksgiving Day 1 business was generally suspended, and as the mar i riage was announced at seven P. M., by six th< streets leading to the church were thronged witl ladies and gentlemen, anxious to secure a seat - Here a large crowd were soon assembled, waiting > eagerly for the opening of the doors. Number r of the African element were also present, mixing s with the whites, but for the most part hanging up a on the outskirts of the crowd. By eight, thousand a of all sexes, shades and hues were here, and witl a the opening of the doors the spacious galleries y aisles, and the body of St Paul's Church, were fillet s with a highly fashionable oongregation of the eUt o of the city. Without, the multitudes, instead o . lessening, increased, and so great was the jam that - when the wedding party arrived in a set of hacks, 1 great difficulty was experienced in effecting an enr trance. The arrival of the hacks was well arran ged, each having ample time to discharge its precious freight ere another came. Couple by couple, in marched the bridal party, amid the audible congratulations of the crowd, the happy twain bringing up the rear. Among those prominent as they approached the chancel, was first the noble form of General Lee, upon whom all eyes 1 were centred; next the father of the bride, ex' Senator Boiling; then the sons of Lee and their beautifully attired fair companions. The scene here was unusually solemn and impressive, and a breathless silence pervaded the densely crowded | church. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. John Cosby, officiating clergyman, and amid the most intense suppressed excitement, the bride ! was given to her new lord and future protector [ by her father. This concluded, tha nwil kissing, hand shaking and congratulating scene ensued, the congregation breaking forth into a murmur in the beginning, but rising gradually to a perfect roar and tumult almost deafening. Enthusiastic individuals now pressed forward to clasp the hand of Lee, or congratulate his happy son, but a decided aver1 sion to public display repelled, in a quiet, dignified manner, these advances, and as soon as the pressing crowd would, permit, tne party were again in their respective hacks, on their way to the res' idence of Mr. Boiling. HOW IMPEACHMENT WAS DEFEATED. The Washington correspondent of the Richmond Dispatch writes, on Saturday: Immediately after the reading of the journal in the House to-day the impeachers exhibited a din position to again resort to fillibustering, of forcing their opponents to yield to the demand for further discussion of the question of impeachment From a comparison of views, privately,' it was found that each party was as determined as the other, and that fillibustering would continue to the end of the Forteith Congress unless some compromise could be made in the mean time. Under the impression that many Republicans who would vote for laying the subject upon the table would not dare to vote squarely against the impeachment of the President, the impeachers proposed that if the motion to lay on the table should be withdrawn, and a vote taken dircetly upon the merits of the case, they would cease farther fillibustering. This proposition was at once accepted by the Republicans who opposed impeachment, anda vote being taken, resulted in r 7 in favor of impeaching the President and 108 agai .. Ha full House had been present the impeachers would hay.e had 60 votes and the opposition 124. During the call of names to-day the most profound interest was manifested by members and spectators. As.each member's name was called, eyes were directed to him until he responded to his name. No noisy demonstration was made, but never was a scene in Congress more impressive, and sensational nevertheless; and when the result of the vote was declared all seemed to breathe freer, and all felt as though a heavy weight had been taken off the body politic. There is a general rejoicing to-night, and members of Congress are calling on the President to offer congratulations. Mr. Johnmn behaves with exceeding good taste and becoming dignity under the circumstances. The Washington Star of Saturday evening says: . "This decisive vote puts an end to the matter, beyond any chance of resuscitation. The vote was taken amidst much excitement, and with profound silence on the part.of the audience, save when a bujz ran along the galleries following upon some unexpected vote being given pro or con. The fate of impeachment was pretty soon settled, when men of the prominence, in the Republican party, of Messrs. Banks, Baldwin, Bingham, Blain, Dawes, Eliot, Lafflin, Ingersoll, Garfield, Poland, Spalding, Van Wyck, the Washburns, Welker, Woodbridge and James F. Wilson were found voting dead against it Some vent to the excited feeling was afforded from time to time by the laughter occasioned by odd excuses and explanations made by different members. Mr. Broomall rose to say that his colleague, Mr. Schofield, was not here, but if he were here he had no doubt he would vote?right. [Great laughter.] Mr. Miller, of Pennsylvania, said he should vote "no," on the ground that the evidence was not strong enough to sustain impeachment Mr. Eldridge (Dem.) said that was precisely the reason why he voted against it [Laughter.] Mr. Stevens was not in the Hall when the vote was taken, but came in subsequently, and was the last, or fifty-seventh man to vote affirmatively for impeachment. All the four Washburns, (Cadwal ader C., of Wisconsin, ElihuB., of Illinois, Henry D., of Indiana, and W. B., of Massachusetts,) voted in a row against impeachment , BUTTER AND CHEESE FACTORIES. i Forty years ago, the State of New York grew a i surplus of Grain (Wheat) for exportation, and > "Genesee Flour" was known and prized in many foreign markets. Canal-boats took in wheat at almost every store-house from Syracuse westward and brought it to Troy, Albany, and this City, for manufacture and sale. Now, all is changed. The Genesee valley is no longer mainly devoted to wheat; even the counties west of Cayuga Lake no longer grow their own grain. Sheep husbandry, , once popular, is now on the wane. Dairying is i rapidly supplanting all other farming in our ru! ral districts; and wc judge that the next census I will return thrice the number of cows in our State reported in that which preceded it by a decade.? i And even Dairying itself is undergoing a decided i and rapid transformation, through the introducs tion and multiplication of factories for the syste matic and wholesale production of Butter and i Cheese. r These factories are located near the centre of : each radius of three or four miles wherein grass f and cows abound?usually but one in a township P as yet, though they are being rapidly multiplied. A mill-stream and water-power often determine i the site, though we believe a small engine and , boiler (four to ten horse,) are preferred to a water power. A cold and copiQUs spring is well nigh inl dispensable; a good stock of ice well stored and : saved, is desirable. A large reservoir (like a cel lar) is dug in the ground and tightly walled with I planks ; board platforms extend into this, floating on two or three feet of water, constantly renewed ; from the spring. In this reservoir, deep pails or r cans are set and filled three-fourths full of milk? I they sinking and floating in a like depth of water, i The milk remains here twenty-four to thirty-six - hours, when the cream is taken off and churned - by steam or water-power?six to twenty churns be. ing operated at once, with no draft on human mus, cle. The butter thus made each day, from cream - in the very highest condition, is of such uniform 3 and superior quality as to bring from five to ten 1 cents per pound more than fair farm dairies will . command. And the milk, thus skimmed, is then I made into Cheese, rather mild in flavor, but palats able and of very fair quality. We never wish to j eat better than some of this, made wholly of skim uied milk, and sold by the makers at ten cents per 3 pound to their entire satisfaction. It is cheaper i than Pork, and may be substituted as a staple ar, tide of diet for laboring men, to their great ad1 vantage and comfort e The milk is brought in by the farmers of the f vicinage, weighed as received, and placed in the cooling vat as aforesaid The farmers generally receive a dividend of the proceeds; bnt the tetter plan is fast gaining ground of paying the cash for it as fast as received; it being speedily tamed into butter or cheese, which are cash articles. We estimate that the Dairy product of our State will be increased at least one-fourth by the general introduction of these factories, and that the value of our grass lands will thus be enhanced at least $10 per woe.-?New York Tribune. PERJURY BY SOUTHER* MEN. j The case of Mr. Blodgett, who has been indicted in the United States District Court for perjury, by a jury composed exclusively of Southern men who are willing to swear, and have sworn, $at they gave no aid, comfort or countenance to the South in her recent straggle for independence, is suggestive. It does not stand alone. It is bat one, we regret to say, of numerous instances that illustrate the loose moral sentiment of the times, and the _ inordinate desire for gain engendered by die transactions of the war. The temptation to do wrong was greater than they could bear, and the oppression of the North at a time of great individual want and suffering, tending to make hypocrites of men heretofore considered honest, has hid its full share in the badness. With very many the argument has been: the Government has no right to impose such conditions and restrictions ; I am in want and must make something for my family; or, I am rich and want to be richer, and there is no moral guilt in subscribing to declarations thus wrongfully imposed, even though it should amount to ft palpable falsehood, ; "It don't amount to anything," is a saying among these men of easy vir1t?6." . 1 r ? " r' jt "We know a young soldier who fought bravely through a goodly portion of the war and lost a leg in his last battle, who, for the emoluments of a ^ m village postoffioe, was willing to take an oath that he had never given aid or comfort to the rebellion. Another case now in mind-is that of a man advaa1 ced in years, who wears the liveiy of Heaven as a minister of the gospel oftrnth, vtnd edited a news* paper in the interest of the Confederacy, t6 all appearances thoroughly identified with the cause, and yet for the paltry office of registrar, at fifteen cents per head, subscribed his name to the iron clod oath. God help the country if such demoralization is not frowned upon by an indignant people, and the Dames of the guilty parties oonagned to perpetual dishonor. It is in this way that the avaricious and unprincipled have seared over their consciences and brought themselves to do that which under other circumstances they would at least have appeared to scorn under fear of public opinion. Fatal argu* ment 1 It was the tempting of the devil, and die men who yielded are lost. As the party with Which they have allied themselves are now all powerful, and it takes every man of a jury of twelve to find a verdict, they may not suffer at the hands of the law. hut in the nubHc estimation?in the eves of all the virtuous and the good?they are doomed to everlasting shame. And it should be so. The retribution is just, for to perjury, the most debasing and detestable crime known to society, they have added the still greater enormity of moral treason against their own countrymen in the day of misfortune, and, at the bidding of power, a shameless, cowardly insult to their conquered banner. ?Macon (Go.,) Telegraph. 4 ? . ? From UK: Nashville Bonner. THREE CONFEDERATES IN PARIS. There are three Confederates now in Europe who are not adventurers. They ought not to be forgotten by any one, and so far as this random, off hand "small talker" can recall them, shall not be forgotten by comfortable bodies at home, who are too apt to be unmindful and in grate. We refer to John C. Breckinridge, Isham G. Harris, and A. Dudley Mann. A recent letter from Paris makes mention of the three. General Breckinridge, lives quietly on the Boulevard Malesherbe, with his family. He is enjoyiDg good health, and though he seeks obscurity, cannot wholly isolate himself from his American friends. He looks with great interest upon transpiring events both at home and about him, and confidently expects to baable to return to Kentucky and resume the profession from which he was withdrawn so early. Those who do ot know him would be. surprised to find in a man who, twenty years ago, was a major in the United States service, and has since been the most brilliant party leader of his time, a vice president, a senator, a lieutenant general, and a secretary of war, a handsome young fellow turned of forty, with graceful manners and fifty years of life in him. Before he is laid on the shelf, New England may secede, and we may have a campaign in Massachusetts, in which he and Grant will command a couple of advancing Union columns! "Governor Harris,"" says the letter from which we quote, "is in Liverpool He has visited Paris, but he makes his home in England I see little change in him, except that his travels and adventures make him more interesting. Foreign life does not suit him, however. He is a thorough American, overflowing with activity and animation, too earnest, too impatient, for the old world, with its slowroutine and old fogy notions.'' How natural that is! Who that knowB the ex-Governor can imagine hitp anywhere "but on the "stump," waking up the "sovereigns," or in a saddle riding down the lines amid a shower of bullets? With Dudley Mann, bred to diplomacy and foreign life, it is different. Older than his distinguished friends and companions in exile, he is quite at home in France, which he loves. He has a chateau near Chantilly, where he passes his time in amateur farming, especially interesting himself in the production of Indian corn. His Gallic neighbors look with astonishment upon his "roasting ears," which, fried and served up with truffles, form a curious and unwonted innovation upon the French cuisine. He is attended by his son, Mr. William Grayson Mann, one of the most accomplished Americans residing in Europe. Gen. Grant has Defined.?Gen. Grant has folly defined his political status. His platform seems to place mm squareiy witn me dacomns. There can no longer be any reasonable doubt as to who the Jacobin candidate for President should be. The Grant platform is one on which all the Jacobins can agree. But .to the platform. A Washington dispatch says: "Some weeks ago a distinguished Jacobin politician talked with Gen. Grant about the flattering prospects of the the Black Republican party, with the view of obtaining some impression; but on the conclusion of his remarks, the General coolly said: "What do you think of Marshal Brown's slut's pups?" "Marshal Brown's Slut'spup's" will be the next Jacobin platform and the author of so distinguished a sentiment, will be the candidate. Who now dares to doubt the wisdom or Statesmanship of General Grant? A slut's pup's party 1 Let General Grant have the christening of the new party. How does the Journal like the General's platform? There can no longer be any quibbhngabout where Gen. Grant stands.?(0.) Democrat. W&* An inventor in Canada has constructed an arrangement by which cars can be coupled or uncoupled without going between them, or even crossing the track. The principle is precisely the same as that in common uge at present, a' link and a pin. The invention not only prevents all possibility of accident to employees, but saves much labor, time and expense. <