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Tlie Intelligencer IS PUBLISHED WEEKLY at'theee dollars pee ahhum, IN U. S. CURRENCY, OS, 52.00 A TEAS IS SPECIE. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements inserted at the rates of One Dol? lar per square of tVrelve lines for the first insertion I and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion. "Obituaries and Marriage Notices charged for at J these rates. trhe TT. S. Senate in the Days of I the Giants. 'CALHOUtf, CLAY AND WEBSTEK. A. correspondent of the Times and TVii mess, of Chicago, who witnessed the ^United States Senate "in itto daj-s of the \xia?ts," furnishes from Washington the following graphic picture of " Auld lang | Sync" in that city: Gibbon relates the celebrated story of J the Seven Sleepers." During the persecu? tion at Epheus, seven noble youths 'con-j sealed themselves in a cave. They im-j mediately, so goes the legend, fell into a deep sleep, which was miraculously pro 3onged for one hundred and eighty-seven years. On awaking they entered the ?city, b*fc found, everywhere, Christians ?so degenerated, churches so conformed to th? world, all, in short, so changed, that they- burst into tears and earnestly prayed to God -they might return to their slumbers again. Such are my feelings as, 1 eit hero and look upon this body and listen to s their debates, with the light of] other days around me. Only a few years ago I occupiod this very seat, and heard with pleasure, the great men of the land deliberating for the general weal of the whole nation. 2vT ow, how many seats are vacant; and the discussions are about the late war, the treatment of rebellion, and (th* reconstruction of a shattered Union; topics, the very sound of which might cause the founders of this great Republic to torn in their coffins. .Among the many sad reflections, there is one which especially depresses my hcartf as. I look down on this conclave of j grave, venerable and patriotic Senators. It is, that there survives not a single one of thtse statesmen whose voices used to be heard throughout the entire country. Once it -was a great privilego to paes a morning hero, when " there were giants in the lano." Yonder roposod, in silent grandeur, the massy form of Mr. Weostcr, To his right taking snuff and conversing: pleasantly with his neighbors, was the light, graceful person of Mr. Clay ; while iartothe Hft, cark, sombre, with keen, flashing eyes, was that incarnation of j dignity and severe logic, Mr. Callioun, looking like a cast-iron man. When either of these men was to speak, the ohambor was crowded early in the day, . and everybody studied their speeches. And in reason; for in genius and true preliminary eloqnence, they were men ot pre-eminent. greatness differing intellec? tually and morally, very much as they did in theirpersonal appearance. So remarkablo were the head and figure?| of tho-Mas9ach?setts Senator that, when he was in London, the porters and day laborers in the street used to cease from their work to gaze at him; and here each dayj- aa he entered the Senate, all eyes were-converged towards "the man," and the whisper was heard on all sides in the galiftties, .^That is he." Everything in his presence was imperial. For myself, , I never looked upon that brow, that ma? jestic aspect, those " Atlantcan shoulders, fit to bear the weight of mighty mon? archies," that face, on which deliberation sat, and public care," without a some? thing, I Jknow not what, of awe and rev? erence which I could not shako off, oven i?i familiar conversation with him. As a ?writer, his siyle is the very best in our language; rot so elaborated as Dr. Char ning's, but easier, more flowing and trans? parent. Mrs. Fanny Kemblo told me that her fatier, a man of exquisite taste, uned often to say to her, " Come let jis I road Webster; his style docs me good." j In many passages, especially in his argu? ment on the trial of the Knapps and in his reply tc Gen. Haync, that was true of him which was said of Luther: "His words are half battles." But be was a tame, poncerous speaker. In the perora? tion of his speech on Foot's resolutions, he.glowci as with etherial fires, but gen? erally he was dull, heavy, phlegmatic. Ho was a perfect master of language. Most public speakers would find words exceed? ingly unmanageable things. At bis com? mand the best, fittest phrases came and fell "into perfect phalanx." His logic was poriect, also, demolishing every thing like error, " hammering away," " smash? ing everything in his path," (to use the pithy vords of our two great Generals,) bat it was not "logic on fire;" and his options will always receive wore admira? tion when read than they did when de? livered. His address at the completion of Banker Hill Monument is itself a monu? ment of classical taste, of profound thought, or elevated atatesrnanship, which will outlast the solid granite. Yet Mr. Choato, who was on the platform with him, tells us that ho never. suffered so much in his life, the delivery was such a j failure. I Much has been said as to the morality of Mr. Wehster, but de vwiiuis nihil ntii bonum. Of one trait in his character I can testify. I mean his great reverence for the Bible. When I first came to this city, I found that buying male slaves and sending them South was a regular busi? ness, and I was so shocked that I went to Washington to see if anything could be'done to stop so nefarious a traffic. In conversing with him on the subject of slavery, I found that he was most anxious that some measure should be inaugurated for its gradual abolition. Ho confessed, however, that he could not see any reme? dy, and thought it a vulnus immedecabile. But whenever I quoted a passage from the .Word of God, ho always received it as the truth to which all should yield en? tire obedience. In this reverent -submission to the sa? cred Oracles, I grieve to say Mr. Calhoun was aa inferior to Mr. Webster as he was" superior him in the unimpeachable purity of his moral character. I knew him well, both in Washington and at Fort Hill, his residenco in South Carolina, and I'never knew a man more upright, conscientious and virtuous. Ho was, too, a somewhat regular attendant of the Episcopal Church in Pendleton, though never a communi? cant in any church. But his intellectual pride and independence made him intol? erant of any authority higher than his own reason. He professed to believe in the inspiration of the - scriptures, but for? getting that important part of knowledge which informs us of the limitation of the human understanding?jealous of faith, lest it should be credulity?accustomed to inquire as to . every doctrine, not whether it was conformable to God's will but to his own; loving truth, yet loving system more than that truth; satisfying himself that he had established his point if he could show the objections to any one position, without considering those of all others, in short never suspecting his own judgment, always confident in his own decisions, and therefore resolved that no argument could bo adduced which might change his opinions, ho knew noth? ing of that humble, teachable spirit which is the great element in Christian faith. He sincere!}' regarded slavery as a divine and beneficent institution. " The negro and the white man," he said to me, " are both elevated by it," HI quoted a text which oxprcsscd his views he would give it hearty assent and dwell upon its certainty. But if it con? demned his cherished convictions ho as promptly questioned it. I was with him during his last illness, and upon one occa? sion, when I cited that command, " Honor all mon," he turned quickly to mo and said, " What, honor all men ? Never, im? possible, God never said that. God can? not require me to honor the man in the White House, nor the unprincipled poli? ticians, the selfish demagogues now in both Houses of Congress who are bring? ing ruin on tho country." Of his power of conversation a great many have spoken; but in fact he never conversed; he harangued as earnestly when alone with you as when in the Leg? islative halls. Ho loved the society of young men, and won their hearts by the courtesy and condescension with which he listened to them. It was, however, only that politeness which was a striking trait in his character. If ho paused to listen, it was but the interval between tho flashes of lightning, which soon blazes out again, smiting and shivering all opposition. As an orator ho was a perfect contrast to Mr. Webster. It is well known to his friends that ho proposed Demosthenes as his model, and studied closely those Gre? cian master-pieces to which all who know what eloquence mouns, how it is as high above rhetoric as tho heavens are above the earth, will ever look up in admiration and rapture. If, in his well known remark about "Action" as the essential ingredi ont in speaking, Demosthenes meant graceful gesticulations, the South Caroli? nian was utterly defective. Thero was something stiff, angular, awkward in his manner. But nobody, unless it bo a teacher of rhetoric, can ever thus degrade those words of deep and noblo wisdom. No, again, no. It was not by thepucrilo tricks and starts of an accomplished de claimer that tho Athenian "Wielded tho fierce democracy, Shook th? arsenal, and fulmined ovor Greece, To Macedon aud Artaxerxes's throne." By "Action" he meant Delivery, ear nest, impassioned Delivery, in which the whole soul is fused into every utterance, and which can no moro live arid glow with anything artificial than fire and straw can dwell together in a heated ovfcn. Who can listen to a moro finished rhetorician than Mr. Everett ? His face and person were pleasing. Every move? ment had been practiced. His beautiful passages filled the mind with admiration and delight. But whoever felt hi? heart burn within him; who was ever conscious of that "something immense and infiV ite" of which Quintilllan speaks; who ever felt himself transported, melted to tears, fired to enthusiasm, while listening to his elaborate compositions? In straight forward, close-linked argument, in a no? ble contempt for all trappings and deco? rations, in condensation, in a vocabulary terse and emphatic, in energy, vehe? mence, passion, Mr. Calhoun closely re? sembled his iilustrions model; while in all tho moral qualifications of a great or? ator he rose immeasurably above him. For even his euemies confessed that he possessed a courage which no opposition could shako, and an integrity that no temptation could corrupt. In mental greatness, in learning, deep thought, and all the attributes of the highest order of genius, Mr. Clay was inferior to his two great contemporaries. But in the physical combinations, and all the natural furniture of a soul-stirring orator, he far surpassed them both. His mouth, that most expressive fea? ture, was an organ created by God for the pronunciation of largo and hcroical thoughts. Then, what clear, blue eyes, now calm in their azure depths, then laughing in genial mirth, and then, when he was thoroughly roused up, sparkling, almost blazing. In his wholo counte? nance what play of all generous feelings; the 60ul of honor, friendship, chivalry, breathing in his face. Above all, that magnificent voice, at one moment soft as the breeze, presently swelling until it beat the vaulted roof, and rebcrberating far beyond the walls of tho chamber, away into the adjoining rooms and re? cesses. Rufus Choate had no superior at home, but going to Washington as a Uni? ted States Senator, he, on one occasion drew upou himself a single broadside from the Kentucky orator, and it so frightened him that he was afterward al? most silent, crest-fallen, and (to employ his own favorite phrase) "utterly flabber? gasted." Everybody remembers Mr. Clay's duel with Mr. Randolph. On his last journey North, in an almost dying con-' dition, tho Virginian was carried into the Senate Chamber. Mr. Clay was speak? ing. "Stop," 6aid the sick man to those who bore him. "Stop, lot me hear that voice. I camo here to hear that voice once more before I die." The grace and boauty of Mr. Clay's elocution were con? summate; his whole being informed with his subject, and instinct with the love of truth. And his warm gushing sympa? thies seldom failed to draw you to him, and bear you along with him, causingyou to feel that "one touch of nature makes the whole world kin." The last time I heard him was at a meeting of the Colo? nization Society. As ho reclined in tho chair, he seemed to be an old mail "bro? ken with the storms of State." But when he rose and spoke, thcro were no traces of years upon him. All felt that his soul was still erect and young, and that, as an orator, his eye was not dimmed, nor the force and vehemence of his strength abated. I had intended to say something of his death ; but this communication is already too extended. His father was a Baptist minister, and the son never forgot " the faithful sayings" which ho learned from that lather. And though ho betrayed sad infirmity as to religion, saying to Dr. Curtis, in Charleston, that "a public man ought to join no church, if he wished to be popular," (a sentiment, by tho way. on which thousands act without tho can-. I dor to confess it,) and after he had iden? tified himself with a church, frequenting the theatre ; 3-ct he lingered long under tho salutary discipline of a sick room, his last pillow was wetted with penitential tears, and, of the three groat compeers, ho alone departed confessing himself a sinner, and reposing all his confidence up? on tho blood and righteousness of the Redeemer. I sit here and look at tho places which oncq knew these three men, but now know them no moro, and I 6ajr, 0, that they were with us yet! Whatever their orrors once, we'ro they now living, I be? lieve that in this crisis of our country's history, their counsels would be those of moderation, wisdom and patriotism. Whatever their differences in other days, had they been spared, I am confident that, after the terrible lessons of tho last four years, they would have buried all animosities, and with one heart and one^ mind have sought to quell the passions of the hour, and 'to lay broadly and deeply the foundation of a Union, harmony, lib? erty, prosperity, which nothing could airain disturb. Their absence at a timo j O like this fills me with regret and sadness. But "the Lord reigncth." "In the year when King TTezmU died, I saw the Lord high and lifted up." The prophet moan? ed for the loss of a wise and able prince; but ho found consolation by raising his eyes to that King who sits exalted in the Heavens, upon the throne of the uni? verse, ordering all -events for hi? glory, and for the accomplishment of the de? signs of unerring wisdom and unchang? ing love. - Hd. Qrs. Department S. Carolina, CHARLESTON, Jan. 1, 1866. GENERAL ORDERS NO. L I. To the end that civil rights and im? munities may be enjoyed ; that kindly relations among the inhabitants cf the State may be established; that the rights and duties of the employer, and the freo laborer respectively, may be defined^; that the soil may be cultivated and the system of free labor fairly undertaken ; that the owners of Estates may be secure in the possession of their lands and tene? ments; that persons, able and willing to work, may have employment; that idle? ness and vagrancy may be discontinued, and encouragement given to industry and thrift; and that humane provision may be made for the aged, infirm and desti? tute, the following regulations are estab? lished for the government of all concern? ed in this Department: II. All laws shall bo applicable to all the inhabitants. No person shall be held incompetent to sue, make complaint, or to testify, because of color or caste. III. All the employments of husband? ry or of the useful arts, and all lawful trades or callings, may bo followed by all persons, irrespective of color or caste; nor shall any frecdman bo obliged to pa}' any tax or any fee for a license, nor bo amenable to any municipal or parish or? dinance, not imposed upon all other per? sons. IV. The lawful industry of all persons who live under the protection of the United States, and owe obedience to its laws, being useful to the individual, and essential to the welfare of society, no person will be restrained from seeking employment when not bound by volun? tary agreement, nor hindered from trav? elling from place to place on lawful busi? ness. All combinations or agreements which are intended to hinder, or may so operate as to hinder, in any way, the em? ployments of labor?or to limit compen? sation for labor?or to compel labor to be involuntarily performed in certain places, or for certain persons, us well as all com? binations or agreements to prevent the sale or hire of lands or tenements, are declared to bo misdemeanors; and any person or persons convicted thereof shall bo punished by fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not to exceed six months, or by both such fine and iiaprisonment. V. Agreements for labor or personal service of any kind, <St for the use and occupation of lands and tenements, or for any other lawful purpose, between freed mcn and other persons, when fairly made, will be impartially enforced against ei? ther party violating the same. VI. Freed persons unable to labor, by reason of age or infirmity, and orphan children of tender years, shall have al? lotted to them by the owners suitable quarters on the premises whore they have been heretofore domiciled as slaves, until adequate provision, approved by tho Gen? eral Commanding, be made for them by the State or local authorities, or other? wise; and they shall not be removed from the premises, unless for disorderly beha? vior, misdemeanor, or othor offence, com? mitted by the hoad of a family or a mem? ber thereof. VH. Able-bodied frcedmcn, when they leave tho premises in which they may bo domiciled, shall take with them and pro? vide for such of their relatives as, by the {aws-of South Carolina, all citizens are obliged to maintain. VIII. When a freed person, domiciled on a plantation, refuses to work there, after having been offered employment by the owner or lessee, on fair terms, ap? proved by the agent of the Freodmen's Bureau, such freedman or woman shall remove from the premises within ten days after such offer, and due notice to remove by the owner or occupant. IX. When able-bodied freed persons are domiciled on premises where they havo have been heretofore held as slaves, and are not employed thereon or else? where, they shall be permittod to remain, on showing to the satisfaction of the Commanding officer of the Post, that they have made diligent and proper ef forts to obtain employment. X. Freed persons occupying premises without the authority ?f the United States, or the permission of the 'owner-, and who have not been heretofore held thero as slaves, may be removed by the Commanding officer of tho Post, on the complaint of the owner, and proof of the refusal of said freed person to remove af tcr_ten daya notice. XL Any person employed or domiciled, on a plantation or elsewhere, who maybe rightfully dismissed by tho terms of agree? ment, or expelled for misbehavior, shall leavo tho premises, and shall not return without the consent of tho owner or ten? ant thereof. XII. Commanding officers of Districts will establish within thoir commands re? spectively, suitable regulations for hiring out to labor, for a period not to exceed one year, all vagrants who cannot be ad? vantageously employed on roads, fortifi? cations and other public works. The procoeds of such labor shall bo paid over to the Assistant Commissioner of the Frccdmen's Bureau, to provide for aged and infirm refugees, indigent freed people, and orphan children. XIII. The vagrant iaws of the State of Sout^Carolina, applicablo to free white persons, will be recognized as tho only vagrant laws applicablo to the freedmcn; nevertheless, snch laws shall not bo con? sidered applicable to persons who are without employment; if they shall prove that they havo been unablo to obtain em? ployment, aftor diligent efforts to do so. XIV. It shall bo tho duty of Officers commanding Posts to soo that the issues of rations to freedmcn are confined to destitute persons, who are unablo to work because of infirmities arising from old age, or chronic diseases, orphan children too young to work, and refugee frcedmen returning to their homes with the sanc? tion of tho proper authorities ;. and in or? dering these issues Commanding Officers will be careful not to encourage idleness or vagrancy. District Commander? will make corsolidatcd roports of these issues, trr-monthiy. XV. The proper authorities of the State in the sov?ral municipalities and districts, shall proceed to make suitable provisions for?their poor, without distinction of col? or; in default 01 which, tho General Commanding wili levy an equitable tax on persons and property sufficient for the support of the poor, XVI. Tho constitutional rights Of all loyal and well disposed inhabitants to bear arms, will not be infringed ; never? theless this shall not be construed to sanc? tion the unlawful practice of carrying concealed weapons; nor to authorize any person to enter with arms on the premi? ses of another against his consent. No one shall bear arms who has borne'arms against tho United States, unless he shall have taken the Amnesty oath prescribed in the Proclamation of the President of tho United States, dated May 29,1865, or the Oath of Allegiance, prescribed in the Proclamation of tho President, dated De? cember 8, 1863, within tho time pre? scribed therein. And no disorderly per? son, vagrant, or disturber of the peace,, shall be allowed to bear arms. XVII. To secure the samo equal justice and personal liberty to the frcedmen as to other inhabitants, no penalitics or pun? ishments different from those to which all persons are amenable shall bo imposed on freed people; and all crimes and of? fences which are prohibited under exist? ing laws, shall bo understood as prohib? ited in tho enso of frcedmen; and if , committed by a frecdman, shall, upon conviction, bo punished in the same man- j ner as if committed by a white man. XVIII. Corporal punishment sh'all not be inflicted upon any person other than a minor, and then only by tho parent, guardian, teacher, or one to whom said minor is lawfully bound by indenture of apprenticeship. XIX. Persons whose conduct tends to j [ a breach of the peace may be required to give security for their good behavior, and in default thereof shall be heid in custody. XX. All injuries to the person or prop? erty committed by or upon freed persons, shall be punished in the manner provided by the laws of South Carolina, for liko in? juries to the persons or property of citi? zens thereof. If no provision bo madG by tho laws of tho State, then tho punish? ment for such offences shall be according to the course of tho common law; and in case of any injury to person or property, not prohibited by the common law, or for which the punishment shall not be appro? priate, such sentence shall be imposed as, in the discretion of the Court before which the trial is had, shall be deemed proper, subject to the approval of tho General Commanding. XXI. All arrests, for whatever cause, I will be reported tri-monthly, 'with the I proceedings thereupon, through tho pro-^ scribed channel, to the General Comman? ding. XXII. Commanding officers of Districts, Sab-Districts, and Posts, within their com? mands respectively, in the ahsence of the duly appointed agent, will perform any duty appertaining to the ordinary agents of the Bureau of EefugcesrFreedmen and Abandoned Lands, carefully observing for their g^uiclanco all orders published.by the Commissioner or Assistant Coramis sioncr^ or other competent authority. XXIII. District Commanders will en? force theso regulations. by suitable in? structions to Sub-District and Post Com? manders, taking care that justice be done, that fair dealing between man and man be observed, and that no unnecessary hardship and no cruel or unusual punish? ments bo imposed upon any ono. By command of Maj. Gen. D. E. Sickles. W. L. if. BURGER, Assistant Adj't Gen. Official c Alexander. Moore, . Brevet Major and Aid-de-Camp. -?-? . "What Next.?Major Gen? King, com? mandant of this District, accompanied by his wife, and another gentleman and lady drovo out yesterday afternoon, and when about three miles from the city wer? met by two men on horseback, who en? quired tho road to Milledgeville, and af? ter the interchange of a few words, de? manded of the General to surrender to him tho horses which ho was driving. Tho demand being accompanied by the exhibition of shooting irons, tho General gracefully, but reluctantly, surrendered to overpowering force,-from the fact that he was unarmed; and doubtless, came to fhe conclusion, under the cirourastances, that discretion was the better part of val? or. The robbers immediately unharness? ed the General's horses and bid him an affectionate farewell. After di'iviug on a short distance*those highway robbers met a gentleman and lady, riding on horseback, who accompa? nied General King 'and lady from the city, and with the utmost audacity com. manded tho gentleman to dismount, which he did, and his horso was then ap? propriated; making in all three horses which they had stolen. This is in every respect the boldest highway robbery which we have of late chronicled, when we consider tho time, the place and tho prominence of tho victims of this outra? geous proceeding. General King, on his return to the city, sent a detachment of mounted men after the Tub hers, .and we sincerely trust that they will be arrested and punished severely for this high-hand- ? ed outrage. The General is an officer of the old Army, and has, by his jjudicious and im? partial administration of all matters com? ing under his jurisdiction, won tho rcspoct and esteem of our citizens, and we sin? cerely regret the occurrence of this daring highway robbery. Tho General, no doubt, appreciates a good joke, and we imagino that tho fore? going is too practical to be appreciated.?> Augusta Constitutionalist. -:-^_ Somo of our "colored lYn-ruU" object to our use of the word negro, in referring to them. "With characteristic affectation they want to be called " colored people." "Wo generally endeavor to call everything by its right iiame. If we said " colored man," we might mearteitbor a Mongolian, Malaysian, Indian, Caucasian, or negro: The expression would apply equally to a black man, a blue man, a green man, a red man, or " any other man !" "Wo used the word negro bocause that is tho name of the race to which they belong; in tho same way that we used the word Indian to designate the aboriginal Inhabitants of the country. Besides, black is not a color, but tho absence of all color, and therefore a black man is not a " colored man," but a no-colored man. Would they prefer tho latter title ??Exchange. -* Modern Wisdom.?I hav finally cum tow tho konklusion that there aint truth cnuff in tho world, just now, to do Dizzi? ness with, and if sum kind uv kompromise cant be had, the devil might az well step in and run tho consarn at onst. Dont tell the world yure sorrows, enny more than you would tell them yure shame Philosophers are like graveyards?-they take all things just as they cum, and give them a decent burial and a suitable opi taff. Enny body lean tell where lightning struck last, but it takes a smart man tew find out where it is going to strike nex . time?this iz one of tho differences be? tween laming and wisdom. Ther iz men of so much learning and impudence they wouldn't hesitate tew criticize the songuv a bird. I have seen men so full of indecision as an old barn, alwus ready but didn't know edzactlv which way to pitch.