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%\i litkptirbcitf Jfiim?ir gtntrnn[-|f(iaffb is f?litb, fttfos, p?rt, $t, BY JAMES A. HOYT. ANDERSON C. H., S. C, THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 29, 1866. VOLUME 1.?NUMBER 41. The Intelligencer IS PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT THREE DOLLARS PER AffHTUM, IN U. S. CURRENCY, OB, 82.00 A TEAK IN SPECIE. RATES OF ADVERTISING. ? Advertisements inserted at the rates of One Dol? lar per square of twelve lines for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion. Obituaries and Marriage Notices charged for at theso rates. MILITARY TRIAL. - [CONTINUED.] Citadel, March 19, 1866. The Commission met at 10.30 A. M., j and continued the trial of James Crawford Keys, his son, Robert Keys, and Elisha Byrum. Joseph Prevost, a witness for the de? fense, deposed that the general character of the accused is good; 1hat after their arrest Fred Clark said to him that Craw? ford Keys was at home the night of the murder ; that Fred said he knew it be? cause Mr. Keys called for some one that night, about 9 o'clock or later, and he (Fred) went near him, and asked, him what he wanted; that he (witness) then asked Fred whether Keys was at home after that, and Fred said he did not know as he went to bed; that, on the 18th- January, Fred, when ?summoned as a witness in this case, said, "I can't im agine what they want with me, as I as? sure you 1 know nothing under God's Heaven of this matter connected with the murder." J. B. E. Sloan, a witness for the de? fense, deposed that the general character of the accused is good; that Crawford Keys ib active in public matters in his community, and possesses influence. On cross-examination the witness was asked by the Judge Advocate the fo?nvr ing question: Question; ''Is Crawford .Keys a man who would be likely to take part in meas? ures of a violent character, determined on by his neighbors, for the protection of - some locaj interest?" The,accused, by his counsel, objected to the question, on the ground that it seeks to elicit no fact, but the opinion of tho witness on a supposed 6tate of things. Facts teuding to make up general char? acter may be admissible, but opinions as to what tho accused would do are, it is submitted, inadmissible. The Judge Adaocate insisted on the question being put. The witness has as? sumed to describe the character of Craw? ford Keys; on his cross-examination it becomes necessary to define, with more exactness, the witness' estimate of the accused. The best way to accomplish this is by calling the attention of the wit baas to some particular class or character of men, and to ask him whether the ac? cused belongs to that class or has that character. The objection was overruled, and the witness replied as follows : I think ho is a man who would use every effort to prevent violent measures being taken where they were unlawful; I never heard of his being engaged in violent proceedings until I saw something of it introduced in the proceedings in this case. . Question by Judge Advocate: 1;Do you mean to say that had you known that Crawford Keys had lynched a man during the war, for opposing the will and interest of his State, it would not have changed the opinion which you have ex? pressed ?" The accused, by their counsel, objected on the ground that the legitimate in? quiries is as to the general reputation of tho accused, and not the goncral. reputa? tion of the community or the State, and tho question seeks to elicit the public opinion of Anderson. The Judge Advocate insisted on the question. It was contended that acts of the kind supposed in the question, are not condemned by public opinion in the sec? tion of country where this murder was committed, and that such a state of pub? lic morals should be disclosed as affecting the soundness of the public judgment on the question of general character. The objection was sustained. Questioned by Judge Advocate: "Is the commission of : jch acts of violence (as the whipping of Horn,) when ordered by a meeting of citizens, justified by the community ?" The accused, by their counsel, objected on the ground that the whole enquiry, as to the public opinion of Anderson District, is irrelevant. The Commission sustained the objec? tion. . J. B. P. Alley,a wi tness for the defense, deposed that he lives twelve miles from Anderson Court Hou6e,on Senec?. River; that on the 9th of October last, between 12 M. and 2 P M., a party, consisting of one man on a sorrel chestnut marc, whom he had seen at his house on the previous Friday, and lour white men and one black man, in a wagon drawn by a large black mare and a dark bay horse, came up to his house; that the man on horseback, who wore a brace of pistols, asked for a bushel of corn, Which witness refused, saying, "Any man that robbed me can't get a bushel of com;" that the man re? plied, "God damn you, we killed three last night, and we will kill 3*011," putting his hand to his pistol; that he (witness) jumped behind a big oak tree; that one of the party then said, "Bill, hurry on, they are alter us;" that there were two cavalry -Middles in the wagon ; that they j came from the direction of Brown's Fer i ry; that none of the accused were of the party. Cross-examined by the Judge Advocate: '?Were you not dodging around and try? ing to get out of tho way of one of the men when you recognized the horses." Answer: No. The Judge Advocate offered in evidence the statement of the witness in the case of F. G. Stowers, that when lie noticed tho points of the horses he was at the well, near the road, by the corner of the fence, and that it was after the man threatened him. The witness further deposed that he had seen two of tho men on the 6th Oc? tober; that thoy come from the direc tion of Georgia and went in the direction of Campbell's house; that one had on a United States uniform; that he had never communicated these facts to the military authorities because he did not know there had been a murder until a week after? wards, and it was then too late. Question by Judge Advocate: "What do you mean by Baying that you did not know a murder had been committed, v. l-.en the man told you he had murdered ; ii;ree men V* Answer: "I did not believe everything was told me I>y a stranger j he said lie had killed three, but did not say he had murdered them." The accused offered in evidence in this case the testimony given by A. P. Cater in the case of F. G. Stowers, which was read, and is to the effect that Warren HoweN had told him (the witness Cater) en the day of his examination at Ander? son, that he had no idea who the parties were who committed the murder; that the distance was po great and it was bo dark, he could not have recognized them if he had been ever so well acquainted with them; that he did not recognize their voices. On account of tho non-arrival of wit: nesses for the prosecution, the Commis? sion adjourned to meet on the 2?th inst., at 10.30 A. M. March 20, 1866. James TV. Wilkinson, a witness for the defense, deposed that he has lived the last three years at Anderson C. II.; that he knew Crawford Kiys, and that his general character is good ; that his char? acter is eminently that of a quiet citizen, peaceable and well disposed. John Wilson, a witness for the defense, deposed that the general character of the accused is good; that Bobort Keys is a young man of industrious habits, quiet and peaceable; that Crawford Keys is a quiet citizen. Question by Accused: "Has he been prominent in suppressing riots and breaches of peace ?" The Judge Advocate objected, on the ground that the question calls for the witness' knowledge of facts, not for the reputation of the accused. The objection was overruled, and the witness replied that in the only two riots he had known in Anderson, Crawford Keys rendered efficient service in sup? pressing both ; that lie did not habitually carry pistols.' On being cross-examined by the Judge Advocate, the witness said he had never heard that Crawford Keys had whipped a man in 1861; that he heard of a man being whipped ; that the transaction was not authorized by the legal authorities of the State; that he never heard of Craw? ford Keys whipping or otherwise assault? ing negroes during the last year. Question by the. Judge Advocate: "Did you not hear that he did violence to a girl upon I116 plantation, who obtained protection from the military authorities at Anderson V* The accused, through their counsel, having objected to the question, their ob? jection was overruled by the Commission, j and tho witness stated that Crawford Keys was cited before tho Court at An? derson for his conduct to some one of his ne<rrocs; that he did-not know whether the negro was male or female, or what was the decision of tho Court; that Craw? ford Keys has since boen a member of that Court, for the trial of cases in which ne? groes are parties; that John T. Horn j was said to have been whipped for inci ? ting, negroes to insurrection, and was a ! member of the Vigilance Committee. The accused, through their counsel, gave notico that they had no evidence to offer before the final close of the case for the prosecution. The Commission there? fore adjourned to meet on tho 21st inst., at 10.30 A. M., to resume the evidence for the prosecution. March 21,18CG. The Judge Advocate stated that his witnesses had not yet arrived, but were daily expected ; that a telegram had been received from General Ames, some days since, stating that they would be imme? diately forwarded. He asked that the Commission might be adjourned for a day I or two, to await the arrival of the wit? nesses. The accused, by their counsel, suggested that, instead of postponing the case, the Judge Advocate now proceed to close his case, and the defense proceed with their testimony; the Judge Advocate sum? moning the witnesses, Capt. Bra}' and Lieut. Cook, and then to whatever mat? ter is adduced in the testimony of the de? fense the Judge Advocate can reply, when the testimony for the defense is closed ?or that a day be fixed for the prosecu? tion to proceed with the case. Upon the intimation of the Judge Ad? vocate that he is disposed to adopt the suggestion of the counsel of the accused, so far as it relates to the closing of the prosecution and reserving the testimony referred to until the closo of the case of tho accused, the Commission directed that the Judge Advocate forthwith issue summonses for Capt. Bray and Lieut. Cook to attend this Commfssion as wit? nesses, and that the case proceed. The accused, by their counsel, requested that the Judge Advocate, before he closes for the prosecution, will recall the wit? ness Brown, to enable him to be in? terrogated as to the fact whether he did or did not make statements relative to the events of the 8th October to the Rev. W. II. Tyler and Milton Simpson,?at the time Brown was examined, the counsel for the accused not being aware of their statements, and not having had an op? portunity of asking Brown in relation to thorn. The Judge Advocate objected to the motion on the following grounds : 1st. The cross-cxaminaiion ot the wit? ness Brown having been closed by the ac? cused, it is irregular to recall him for fur? ther cross-examination This is a step seldom taken, and never has been, to my recollection, allowed in any Court, civil or military. It often happens that tho counsel make an imper? fect cross-examination. It would lead to endless prolixity of proceedings by al? lowing resumption of cross-examination. 2d. When the object ot reopening the cross-examination is to lay a foundation for contradicting the witness, additional reasons exist for not allowing it. Evi? dence of contradiction is collateral to the main issue, and should be limited to a strict adherence to the rules of order; it is "dridissimi juris," and should receive no indulgence at the expense of such rules of order and convenience. The Commission directed that Brown be introduced as a witness for the pur? pose of being examined further by the Court. W. P. Brown being recalled, deposed tha> he did not recollect having any con? versation with the Rev. W. II. Tyler and Milton Simpson as to what he saw on the night of the murder; that he did not think he had told cither of them ho h^Sh not recognized any of the party that night; that he had been ordered by the j military authorities not to say what he I knew about the murder; that he endeav? ored to conceal what he knew about it. David M. Simpson and Rev. W. II. Tyler, witnesses for the defense, deposed that they arc on intimate terms with the witness Brown (Simpson having been his guardian ;) that shortly after the murder, Brown, in reply to their inquiries, said he did not recognize, any ot the party that went down to the ferry on the 8th Octo? ber. Joseph W. Keys, a witness for the de? fence, deposed that he lives with his fa? ther, Crawford Keys ; that in October last he and his brother Robert were in charge of his father's farm; that at that time there were nine horses on the farm and three saddles, one of which was very old, and was used as a wagon saddle; that en the night of tho 8th of October a black horse ot Robert Keys' was the on? ly one in the stable, the rest being in the : pasture; that Robert's horse being a stal \ lion, could not bo turned into the pasture; j that all the horses, save three, had been j put in the pasture Saturday evening; that they could come up in the pasture near to the house; that a black mare of Peter Keys' and the black stallion were always kept in tho stable; that a sorrol mare had been put there for Robert to ride to church on Sunday, and was turn? ed into the pasture that day; that he (witness) brought up all tho horses a little after sunrise on Monday; that thrqfccolts had gotten out and were not on the farm on Sunday night; that Lern was at homo Sunday night; that Fred. Clark is usually there, but that he (witness) did not recol? lect seeing him that night; that all the others had gone off; that Joe had gone to Mr. Smith's and did not return until Mon? day morning; that tho carriage was not used on Sunday, the 8th October; that all the family was at supper on Sunday at dark, and that there were no guests ; that tho grown persons present at supper were, his father, his mother and sister Eleanor, Mrs. Peter Keys, Bobort and Major Keys; that his father sat in the front piazza until 9 o'clock, and Robert fifteen minutes after supper, rode off and was gone about an hour; that on return? ing he lit his pipe and sat in the piazza with his father; that Crawford Keys re? tired about 9 o'clock; that at about 12 P. M.. judging by the moon, he (witness) got up to get some water and went into Bobert's room for it, and saw Bobert there in bed; that, finding no water there,- he went down stairs to the pail; that while there his father called him and told him to bring some water for the baby; that he carried the wator and saw his father in bed; that the water pail is at his fath? er's door; that his father woke him up Monday morning; that he and Bobert Keys and Lern fed the horses that morn? ing a little after sunrise; that Crawford Keys did not leave'home on the night of the 8th October at all; that there wero two pistols in the house, one of which be? longed to Stowers, and was brought there to be mended; that Crawford Keys rare? ly carries a pistol; that he did not at that time have a suit of clothes, "blue mixed;" that Joe (colored), who usually makes a fire in Crawford Koys' room, did not re? turn home on Monday morning until half hour after sunrise; that the windows of the house have no blinds, and that there were in it two clocks, one in Peter's room, arid one (not running) in CrawfordKej-s, room. The examination-in-chief of the witness concluded, and the Commission adjourn? ed to meet on the 22d inet., at 10.30 a. m. March 22, 1866. Tho Judge Advocate stated that a doubt having arisen whether the Presi? dent of the Commission <:an continue to sit as a member of the Court while tem? porarily exercising tho duties of Depart? ment Commander, the matter has been referred to Washington for instructions, and an answer is expected from Wash? ington to-morrow. The Commission adjourned to meet on Saturday, the 24th inst., at 10.30 A. M. Note.?Major-General Sickles having left on a visit to Florida, Major-General Devens, the President of the Commission, succeeds to tho command of the Military Department of South Carolina, and, in virtue of that command, is the officer de? signated by tho 65th Article of "War t* review the proceedings of the Commis? sion, before its sentence can be carried into execution. The point submitted to the War Department is the propriety of continuing Major-General Dovens as a member of the Commission, in view of the fact that ho will not bo called upon to act as a reviewing officer, as the return of Gen. Sickles will take place before the Commission concludes its sittings. A Newspaper.?It was Bishop Horn's own opinion that there was no better moralist than the newspaper. He says: "The follies, vices, and consequent mis cries of multitudes, displayod in newspa? pers, are so many beacons continually burning to turn others from the rock on which they havo been shipwrecked.? What more powerful dissuasive from sus? picion, jealousy and anger, than the story of one triend murdered by another in a duel ? What caution more likely to be effective against gambling and profligacy, than tho mournful relation of an execu? tion, or the fate of a despairing suicide? What finer lecture on the necessity of economy, than tho auction of estates, houses and furniture? Only take a news? paper, and consider it well, pay for it, and it will instruct theo." -* ? Some wag, who ought to be con? demned to read the speeches of Sumner and Stevens from beginning to end, late? ly sent to the President a copy of a med? icinal placard, lettered, "Shattered Con? stitutions restored. Use Helmbold's Bu chu." The barbarian wrote in pencil on the margin, "Try it, Andy, on the pres? ent Constitution." Emigration from the Sonth. We take from the Mobile Register & Advertiser the annexed article, which is evidently from the pen of its able and accomplished editor, lion. John Forsyth, formerly Minister to Mexico : Wo understand that thirty persons reached this city yesterday, from the in? terior, en route to Mexico, as colonists. We are receiving frequent letters from Georgia and Alabama, making inquiries touching matters in that country which it is useful to an emigrant to know. Wc have before us, and shall publish it to? morrow, a manifest from Col. M. F. Mau ry, formerly a distinguished citizen of the United States, and now Imperial Com? missioner under tho Empire. In that pa? per the emigrant can learn everything he desires to know about the country, and it comes from a man whose character gives the stamp of truth to every word he uttersv There is something alarming to us in the spread of the spirit of expatriation at the South. It has been greatly intensi? fied by recent developments at Washing? ton. The Radicals are driving the flower of our population from the land. It is not the needy, the broken-down and the adventurous who constitute the migrating class?heretofore unknown to the South? but it is the intelligent, tho spirited, the high-toned, the brave, who, born and bred in an atmosphere of freedom, fly from the homes of their childhood and the graves of their fathers, because they feel that tho halo of liberty has departed from tho land. It is well known that we have steadily sot our faces against the wisdom of this despondent judgment of our coun? try's future. But we cannot but respect the nobility of soul that disdains to wear fetters for one syllable of time. We ap? preciate the heart sickness which comes of turning one's eyes to the daily pro? ceedings of the Congress of the United States, where thoughts and passions are rife that were once believed to be impos? sible in American society, and under the shadow of American institutions. But should not the spectable inspire a disdain to fly the ordeal of duly imposed b}T the country's needs ? Shall We abandon our native land to howling fanatics, and look not behind nor stay to strike one blow for the redemp? tion of the heritage of freedom our fath? ers left us ? llope is not lost. There is "life in tho old land yet," and a recupera? tive energy in the blood of our race that will rise up and throw off the party des? potism that is using all its power to stran? gle constitutional liberty. That energ}' exists, but is not yet developed. It is beginning to move in its slumber, and soon we shall hear the tread of its mil? lions marching to demand the restitution of the Constitution to its pristine glory. Who would wish to he absent in a for? eign land when his vote and his influence could bo given to Che mighty cause of a regenerated Constitution ? We arc alive to all the charms of peace and immunity from the wear and tear of tho coming struggle, to be found under the orange and olive trees of beautiful Mexico. We arc tired of strife and turmoil and strug? gle. But voices from the graves of dead sages and patriots command us to pre? serve and defend the legacy of their toil and blood. We sought to do it through indepen? dence of the Satanic influence of Puritan? ism supported by arms. The effort fail? ed, but the duty remains and beckons us to another field?the field of reason. The pen takes tho place of tho sword, and the tongue is to fight, before the great forum of the American people, the battlo which but lately moistened the land with frater? nal blood. We como back to the starting point of I860, where, placing no reliance upon the "second sober thought" of the people, and turning our backs in despair of help upon the conservative masses of the North, we flew to arms. Wo come, stronger for the lesson of blood and war, for it has written in flaming colors "the true character of the fanatical teachings and purposes of the party that drove us to a desperate measure, and so written that its hideous mien is visible to every liberty-loving man from Maine to Texas. It has*made allies for us, wherever a Dem? ocratic throb is felt, wherever the intel? ligence exists to know that, in our Gov? ernment, "consolidation is despotism, and confederation the only hope of liberty." Let it not bo forgotten that it is not in the South only where tho shock of war has fallen upon us with its terrific power, that the late unparalleled revolution has been felt. The tinklings of the Cabinet Secreta? ry's bell that consigned a Northern man (not in rebellion) to a fortress prison, have awakened emotions in Northern minds, whose echo'es are yet to he heard. Free? dom is alarmed in the North, as it h?s been prostrated at the South: for every man of sense knows these States cannot live long under two governments at Wash I ington?one Eepublican, the other dos ; potic. The gangrene of usurped power must spi"ead, and all the States become reduced to the rule of a single idea. These ideas are smoldoring in the minds of the freemen of this country, in New York and Ohio, as well as in Virginia and Alabama. They will burst forth with the certainty of cause and effect. It is impossible that the American peo? ple who fattened upon liberty, and drank it in with every respiration of their exis? tence, can tamely consent to yield it, up? on the demand of a thin-blooded hypo? crite like Charles Sumnor, or a ferocious dogmatist like Thaddens Stevens. This battle will be fought, and the friends of the old Constitution will be victorious, and thus the American Government will date its regeneration from the war for [ Confederate independence. The political sins of the nation called for this baptism of blood. - From the Augusta Constitutionalist. The Southern Dead. We take great pleasure in copying the following beautiful tribute to the South? ern Dead from the Columbus Sun and Times. Its suggestions are worthy of our heroic women and the loved ones that they propose to commemorate. It would be "gilding refined gold" to add a single word to this touching appeal, and if we dare say ought further, it is that the ladies of Columbus may not be alone in this holy undertaking. Let the ladies of Augusta, and of the South at large, emu? late a grand duty so worthily inaugura? ted: Columbus, Ga., March 10,1866. Messrs. Editors: The ladies are now, and have been for several days; engaged in the sad but pleasant duty of ornamen? ting and improving that portion of the city cemetery sacred to the memory of our gallant Confederate dead, but we feel it an unfinished work unless a day be set apart annually for its especial attention. We cannot raise monumental shafts, and inscribe thereon their many deeds of he? roism, but we can keep alive tho memory of the debt we owe them, by at least dedicating one day in each year to em belishing their humble graves with flow? ers. Therefore, we beg the assistance of tho Press and tho ladies throughout the South, to aid us in our efforts to set apart a certain day to be observed from the Po tomac to the Rio Grande, and be handed down through time as a religious custom of the country to wreathe the graves of our martyred dead with flowers.. (We would propose the 2d Wednesday in May, as at that time our land may be truly called the "land of flowers.") Let every city, town and village, join in the pleas? ant duty ; let all be alike remembered, from the heroes of Manassas to those who expired amid the death throes of our hal? lowed cause. We'll crown alike the hon? ored resting places ef the immortal Jack? son, in Virginia, Johnson, of Shiloh, Cle burne, in Tennessee, and the host of gal gant privates who adorned our ranks?all did their duty, and to all we owe our grati? tude. Let the soldiers' grave, for that day at least I 0 the Southern Mecca, to whose shrine her sorrowing women, like pil? grims, may annually bring their grateful hearts and floral offerings. And when we remember the thousands who were buried with "their martial cloak around them." without Christian ceremony of in? terment for their beloved bodies, we would invoke the aid of the most thrilling eloquence throughout the land,to inau? gurate this custom by delivering on the appointed day, this year, an eulogy on the unburied dead of our glorious South? ern army. They died for their country. Whether their country had. or had not, the right to demand the sacrifice, is no longer a question of discussion with us. We leave that for the future nation to decide. That it was demanded, that they nobly responded, and fell holy sacrifices upon their country's altar, and are thereby entitled to their country's gratitude, none will deny. The proud banner under which they rallied in defence of the noblest cause for which heroes fought, or trusting woman prayed, has been furled forever. The: country for which they suffered and died has now no name or place among the ha- ? tions of the earth. Legislative enact? ments may not now be made to do#honor to their memories?but the veriest Radi? cal that ever traced his geneology back to the deck of the May Flower, could not deny us the simple privilege of paying honor to those who died defending the life, honor and happiness of the Southern Women. -<? ? Josh Billings says there is nothing more touching in this life than to see & poor but virtuous young man struggiing with a moustache.