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By J. A. SELBY. . COLtJMBIA, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 19, 1865. VOL. l.-NO. 43.
THE COLUMBIA PHOENIX,
PlTBLlSIIEU DAILY, EXCLFT SUNDAY,
BY JULIAN A. SELBY.
TERMS-IN AL VANCE.
auusciuPTiov.
Six months, - - , - - $5
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ADVERTISING.
One square, (ten lines,) one time, f>0cts
?Subsequent insertions. - 35 cts
Special notices ten cents per line.
The Dangers of tho Union.
Secession, in actual practice, was
not in iuelf necessarily dangerous lo
lim Union. Tho only supposable; evils
of that, act to the uontinuanee of the
Union, began in the determination of
the Federal Government to meet it by
force of nrms. A policy of compro
. mise and mutual concession had char?
acterized the workings of the Consti
tut ional compact up to that moment;
hut having b<?e,ri thenceforth spumed
for a policy ol compulsion and mutual
slaughter, that change iu the modes of
Federal Government withdrew the
Union from the cita fiel of its real
strength-tho popular seuse of its
sanctity.
Bloody battle has crushed the Slates
that asserted, by their secession, rights
independent, of the Union. Ami
Federal power, as it stands brandish?
ing its rot-king sword over those pros?
trate >oveteignlies, is flushed with the
pride ot complete triumph. Brawling
faction sees only the physical fact, am!
?..ries ont. in the blindness ot its pas
sions, for ruin and revenge, now- that
it proclaims the Union ' perpetual!
Brainless counsellor! The conqueror
tiiat you worship, with the instinct of
a slive raised to authority, with the
venom of a cur yelping nt ii chained
iion, has, as he stands over his fallen
toe. not oiilv a front of brass, but/
mark you, has feet of clay. Tuc
lights that iiwe hy ti:? snvotd, all his?
tory declares to be, so surely as great,
p li leal cons?quence* follow general
laws, destined to die by the sword.
The Union romains still exposed to the
fatal consequences of the blunder of
armed coercion, and can be s.nx-d but
by restoring it to tho only fountain of
its healthy life, popular love and rever?
ence.
In tlu> North, the Union has been
associated with a grinding despotism.
Conscription has stamped it in manya
desolate household with the mark of
Cain. Arbitrary power has tort? it
from the Penates ol private life to be
crushed under the heels of the men
whoso hearts and brains it has fired
with hate i*n the cells of Federal dun
ge.or.s. Ferocious 'loyalty' has de
graded it tj the basest uses of a po?
litical utensil; and, as a consequence,
has thrust it upon hundreds of thou
sands of men hy whom it had been
held in life-long love and reverence as
a type of insults and of factious pas?
sions.
At the South, the tinton assumed
the attributes of a fiend let loose in
ivar. A fierce invader, it fell, tis Satan
fell Irorn Heaven, from tho empyrean
of popular love into the 'depth ol
flaming hate. Like the destroying
angel, it slew the first born in all tba*
land. The women and little one?, and
the aged men of those regions, it sent
out upon the highways to proclaim it
a curse. The habitation? of the land
it destroyed with fire, until the wolves,
hiding in their blackened ruins, de?
clared the Union, in their midnight
how^, to bea crime against humanity
The corn and the honey, and the gnus
of- the field, and the seed and tlu
??lows, the horses and the cattle, am
every living thing-except the womer
and little ones, and old men, whom it:
mercy had cast, out to starve-lh<
Union utterly destroyed, until million
of people by whom it had once beei
worshipped throughout the borders o
that country, shrank Irom it with exe
oration as from a thing of hell.
Not tli anl South the Union ha
ceased to be a holy thing. Tho sane
litv by v,i;ic:: if had been hedgfi
round has been broken down; and
bates which have emerged through the
breach await but a shift of the politi- :
cal storm to sweep it forever from the j
sight of men. Must the true friend of j
tho Union add one more drop to the
i volume of those raging memories?
The political history of Mississippi
foreshadows the dangers of the Union
now, even wh''*" Hushed with thc
triumph of its lust trial. Mr. Jeffer?
son Davis and Mr. Henry S. Foote
canvassed that State about fifteen years
ago on a question of conditional se- j
cession. The side of the Union was
successful; but from the day on which
it. had boon made there a question of
party, it continued lo fall from the
position of a popular idol. 'Disunion
isis per se,' as they calied themselves,
appeared in the State in surprising
numbers alter that contest on contine !
gent disunion; and, fitiallv. notwith- j
standing thc triumph of tho Union in I
tho person of Mr. Foote, became so
numerous that the storm of secession,
in 1860, swept through thc State like 1
a fire through a prairie. With tim
wounds of despotic Dower, and of j
savage belligerenov still festering in its |
moral life, of this passage of its j
history in a Southern State, declares !
to day, whde the Union leans upon its j
blondy sword, in ?eview of victorious'
thousands of armed agents of its will, j
th it it carries in its bosom the seeds of l
. loath. !
Strong, physically, as it is to day, j
'he Union was never weaker, morally.
Like many a gallant soldier, it has
escaped the casualties of battle wi'h
fever in its bined and canker in its'
bosom. For all it-f stalwart looks it ?
si ill moves on imo the shadows of in- j
evi'nble dissolution.
The war (d' the sections was ore of, |
we hope, worthier objects than a mere j
assertion of brute force. Patriotism,
however short-sighted, looked to that
bloody struggle for a bea ing of the
wounds which its inception had opened
in the body of the Union. How much
nearer that result are we to-day than
we were w hen McClellan's army was
hurled hack from Richmond? Good
faith to the memories of tho soldiers
who have been led to slaughter for that
purpose, solemn duly to the civilians
who, in a mistaken patriotism, have
sustained the war, demand that the
Union be as soon and as effectually as
possible given back to the only keep?
ing in which it can ever bc held safe,
that of universal popular affection.
The union of these States cannot
exist by brute force. The blunder
that removed it from tho strong
defence of popular love, repeats itself
when it attempts to. maintain it by a
system of brutal terrorism. That
very terrorism will, if carrried out,
prove its destruction. Popular dread
but removes it still farther from the
only conditions of its maintenance
popular love. Cutting Booth's bead
oiF, or cfivino- his dismembered body a
dishonored burial, bas served but to
w eaken the Government,by degrading
it to the level of those grim despotisms
that every man in the country names
with clenched teeth. Every pag? ol'
history shows that terror is a rope of
sand on the limbs of political con?
viction.
Treason cannot possibly be placed,
in popular acceptation, side by side
with private crimes. An attempt to
accomplish that result is an attempt to
undo all the theories of free political
education. The right of asylum in
universal justice, separates treason
from offences against, humanity. The
murderer is made, by public treaties, a
subject of extradition, but no country
would consent to surrender to h;s
sovereign the unsuccessful rebel. The
right of revolution takes the offence of
.the 'traitor' out ot the category of
social crimes; arid makes an attempt
to place him among malefactors, a
mere struggle against all the principles
of society.
The terrible wounds in the body of
tho Union can be he il rd but by the
j most tender conciliation. Thc 'justice'
j of w hich men speak in reference to the
I policy of reconstruction is but another
i name for a revenge which can be ap?
peased but at tho cost of the Union.
The capture of Mr. Davis ia one of the
most unfortun; te things that could
h av? occurred to the people of both
section^: for it brings up the real dif?
ficulties of tho hour in a form most
dangerous to the only policy which can
save the count rv-that calculated to
erase all bloody memories. Mr. Davis
falls into the bands of tho Government
as a man whom the civilized world
refuses' to regnal a criminal. His
purity of private life, his singleness of
purpose, his splendid powers of admin?
istration are acknowledged, outside tho
miserable cur-' that now bark tit his
heels, by all Christendom. The elect
ed representative of millions of free
boru men, and. men too who have
placed their conviction of right in
making that election under the ???uar
anty of their lives, he stands before
mankind the chosen chief of sovereign
States, borne down, like Poland, by
the weight of crushing columns.
Treason, rebellion aud even allegations
of 'conspiracy.' may ot mav not be
proven against, iiim; '.nit tho Adminis?
tration, if it have any respect for its
own character, for the character of this
Republic, .may make up its mind that
it can oller no wanton indignity, lay
no violent hands on the person of Mr.
Davis, without, an outrage against the
feelings and tho conscience of both
hemi-pheres. 1 [armless that unhappy
gentleman now is, and if sent, quietly
back to bis plantation itt Mississippi
ever will bc; but it a brainless pur?
pose ora bloody passion should take
bis life, he will luve become a mai t yr,
around whom, as around the subjects
of th?; ju lida! nmrdeis of the Iris!,
rebellion, the memory of iu? country?
men wiil titter for cveimoro a nucleus
of till the enmities of thc future, the
curses that now rise to their throat?
with choking passion against, what
they hold thc Mend of their recent ex?
perience, the Union.
Terrorism, ii.-, a policy of the present,
is the suggestion of a brutal incapacity.
If war lias been necessary fol* a resto?
ration of the Union, then, of it verity,
must it,'have been made hut with the
aim of bringing the sections together
within tim operations o: their old
system of mutual conciliation. The
Union, if it is to be in reality saved,
must, be pluck'd from tlie burning :
passions that crackle and f?ame around j
it, North mid South; and planted in a j
place of safely, not within the fears j
but the loves of the people by an act
of amnesty that, giving hates no indi?
vidual memory to raby around, will
win their hearts back in a unanimous
burst of admiration for its sublime j
beneficence. - jYcio York News.
Tho Appreciation of Greenbacks. 'J j
The nece.-sity of large expenditures
caused the issual o? greenback-; the
continuance of that necessity brought
about their depreciation, and its deter?
mination will restore them to their face
value. An (int?av of three millions j
per day, it is evident, could not bo mel
in specie; nor could it bc continued,
as it has been, in paper money, with
out that money sinking below par.
When the issual stopped, it is equally
evident that-presupposing the stop?
page to bo permanent, and the existing
issues not too great for *the require?
ments of the country-thc process of
depreciation must cease, and that of
appr?cia;ion begin. Now this is the
precise condition ot the currency to?
day. The rapid pacification ot the
country, and the little danger of a
rupture with France, make it almost a
foregone conclusion that there will be
no more greenbacks issued, and the
only question is whether tho present
volume ol currency be too great for
the requirements ol the o .un try. We j
think not.
Even previous to tho evacuation of
Richmond, and when, to all appear
anees, General Lee was holding his
own there, United Stu: .- Treasury j
notes, that had fallen io ..j ?. n 'ed
and forty, rose to one Lu ' ; ad
fiftv. At this time, it must I? remem?
bered that ?hese notes ci rou la Leo only
in the North, and within tile lines of
thu Federal armies in tho South, and,
on every principle of political economy,
had they been largely in excess there
ol' the demand for them, they could no
?nore have risen in value than the
assignats of France could have bought
thc gurnetts of England
Since the surrender of Lee, and the
downfall of the Confederacy, this pro
cess of appreciation has gone on with
astounding celerity. Every fresh in?
dication of returning order in tho
South, has given Wall street a joyful
thrill, and when au entire resumption
of coasting and inland trade shall have
opened up the whole of this country
to the reception of Federal currency,
it is not too mucii to say that the
equalization of financial demand and
supply, will niake greenbacks cqvial to
gold. No doubt titere are matty who
will boot at this declaration, and point
in derisiou to the bills of Law's Bank, j
and til? assignats of the Revolution, j
to wild-cat issues and shinplaster' dol?
lars, to Continental moru-y and Con?
federate notes. To some extent we
can understand this contemptuous itj
1 credulity; fur, truth to tell, it, would be !
bard to find a sadder botch than was |
made of our poor Confed?rate money, i
From the hour ol' its bulli till in ex?
tremis it was Linkere v. it li an assiduity {
that gave great scop, to invention, but i
left little ground hV ii .pe. its nos- i
trtitns were legion. Ie.:, une idea per- !
vaded them all --'.!? . itfi-?ncy wa* lol
be repudia'?* .' into : ,;"V, ?s Sari- !
grado bled i .. n fnto . < s that they ;
might enjoy L.ralthV ..... Ingenious. ?
scheme failed, but k* ' h ; inj is a]
t heine on which 'wo rv; tu a rove to
dwell. Robbing Pete:- to ?nv Fa::! i.; !
a stale device, hut to rob both and ;
pay neither is a most rare inspiration j
-half Captain Maclmath and half ;
Jeremy Diddler. Unfortunately our I
people never appreciated this style of I
genius. They were narrow-m i tided j
enough to think no 'aw could diguifv j
swindling and no argument justify; '?
they came thus to hate a-id to fear j
paper money, to believe that gold auJ
silver alone are really representatives i
of value, au 1 the results of this
opinion, and of the shiftless, nepi in- j
cipled financiering that led to ils for- j
mation, are to be seen in the distrust
wherewith greenbacks are regarded. ?
To one who does not know our people, j
aud has not shared with them the ups
and downs of the war-to a Northern !
or English banker, for instance - it, [
would be difficult io convey an idea of ,
their unwillingness to believe that any j
paper money whatsoever can maintain ,
its face valuation. Legal tender laws i
price schedules, penalties for non-recep
tion, and the whole spawn of coercive
legislation, would be ineffectual to j
change this estimate, for just legislation (
lias heretofore been associated in the j
popular mind with fresh tinkering an i
a further depreciation. An exposition j
of well settled principles, and a state- j
ment of undeniable facts will alono |
work any change for the better. In j
another part of this article we have set
forth tho.-e maxims of finance that j
regulate the value of currency, and !
shall now mention certain facts to show i
that it is not mere newspaper theorizing
to say greenbacks are approximating-:
gold. These are facts, then. The war
ls over, and with it any necessity for
au increase of the currency is obvi?t- i
ed. Six hundred thousand soldiers
are to ho speedily discharged, and I
expenditures at the rate of lour bun- j
dred millions per annum have ceased I ,
to bo necessary. With the resumption j
of trade, the currency no v for the i
most part pent up in thc North, wilt . ?
diffuse itself'over the South. With the
issual o; bonds by the Governmt ur, \
like tue consols of England, large '
amounts will be retired from ^circula 1
tion, and thu pay tutu! ??f taxes and
Govern ment due? wiii still further
reduce tho volume ot en: ?ency.
Then the problem ot currency will
he put in a shape the plainest man can
understand, and the formula to express
it will be this-if constant issue and
confined circulation depreciate a paper
money, cessation of issual, universality
of reception, and legal absorption will
fores that money to par.
[Augusta Constitutionalist.
When Or. Johnson asked the widow
Potter to be bis wife, he told her
1 candidly th.it he was of mean extrac?
tion, he bad no money, and that he
had an uncle banged. The widow
replied that she cared nothing for his
parentage, that she had no money
herself, though she had fifty relations
that deserved hanging. So they made
a match of it.
Papa, why do they plant guns; do
they grow and have leaves? No, my
son, but like plants they shoot, and
then others do the leaving.
Stamping.
EMBROIDERY STAMPING of various
styles done two doors South of Catho?
lic Church. June 2
~ PA?ES!~ p A PER? '
FOR sale, a small quant itv of No. 1
WRITING PAPER. Uso, some ex?
cellent COPYING PAPER. Inquire at
thia odiee. may SO
Ker.dq'rs Department of the South,
IJII.TON HEAD, S. C., MAT 15, 1885.
GENERAL OR J} EES NO. 6S.
JTHE proclamation of A. G. Ma
. i_oat.li, styling himself Governor of
South Carolina, doted at Headquarters,
Columbi;!, South Carolina. May 2. 1865,
de ?dann;.', ti mt ?iii subsistence stores and
? ie- property of thc Confederate States
within the limita of ihe Slate should be
turned over un i accounted for by tho
Agents of the State, appointed foi "that
, pm.?..>?.:, iii beling lila' i.ne subsistence
and other sto<*? shah lu uied for the relief
ol Iii?; peoplt of tho S ?ic; an ! th- ">ro
clamaliou ?.f Joseph Ii. Brown, styling
himself Governor of Georgia, dated ut thc
capital of thyt Stale, on the ?id day of
May, 1SC5, requiring lin; ofti."Vr?aud mem?
bers ot the General Assembly to meet in
extraordinary session ac the Cap.tu!, in
Milledgeville, on idonday, the 22d cay of
Ma v. 1SC5; und t he proclamation of A. K.
Allison, styling himself Acting Governor
of Florida, d.tted ar. Tallahassee, on the
Sib. day of April, 1865, giving notice and
direction lliiil au election will be held on
Wednesday, thc Vth day of June, 1865
for Governor of the State of Florida; are,
each and ail of them, declared null aud
void; it having become known to me, fron:
trustworthy information, that the afore
Miid A. C?. Magrath, Joseph E. Brown and
A. K. Allison, are disloyal to the United
States, having committed sundry and di?
vers acts of treason against thc tame, in
adhering to their euemics, giving them aid
and comfort.
Tho portons and peoples, to wilora the
proclamations hereiuabove referred to
liave tn-eri respectively addressed, are
therefore enjoin ..i rind commanded to give
no heed whatever thereto, or to any
orders, proclamation:', commissions or com?
mand:., emanating from persons claiming
the liylit to exercise the functions and au
thority of Governor in either of the ?tates
of South Carolina, Georgia, or Florida,
unless the same shad have been promul
gated by the advice or consent of the
United Stales authorities.
II. T'ne policy und wishes of the Gene?
ral Government toward tile people of these
Slates, and the iUj=ti'oJ which bi.ould be
pursued bv them in resuming or assuming
the exercise ol" their political lights, will
doubtless be made known at an early day.
It is deemed sufficient, meanwhile, to
announce that tho people of the black
race ure free c it izen:- of the United States,
that it is the fix-d intention of a wise and
beneficent Government t<> protect them in
the enjoyment of their freedom and thc
fruits of their industry, and that it i.-. thc
manifest and binding duly of all ci izem.
Whites RN Well as blacks, to make Slijl
an? ii ge men i s and agreements among Ui em?
ir Ives, for compensated labor as shall he
mutually advantageous to ail parries.
Neither idleness nor vagrancy will be tole?
rated, and the Government will not >:c
temi pecuniary aid to any persons, whether
white or black, who are unwilling to l\Ap
themselves.
III. District and Post Commanders
throughout this Department will at onoe
cuu?. t!di order to h? circulated for and
wi !.-, by special courier* or otherwise, and
will take Ruch steps io ?-ecure ns rn for? e
nil nt a., way hy th? a. L>e d' -mo . r.tces3a.
fy vj. ? GiLLlIORE,
" ai ?v 26 M ?j -r fj - o er&j C&m?ti u ding.