The Columbia daily phoenix. [volume], June 06, 1865, Image 2

About The Columbia daily phoenix. [volume] (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1865

Image provided by: University of South Carolina; Columbia, SC

                
COLUMBIA.
Tuesday {Morning, June 6, 1865.
Education.
Four years of war have ruade a fearful
hiatus iii tho education of the South. The
loss is not to be measured Ui< rely by the
number of youug men who, during that
period, were drawn from the school* and
colleges into thc lield. Boys beneath th*
military age were, in many paris of the
country, deprived of their teachers; and
.where they were not, they were gene?
rally so much afflicted by tho exciting
influences of the time, as to become inca?
pable of sustained or systematic study.
Taking all the distuning elements into
consideration, it is hardly an exaggeration
to say that the evil cifect of thc war in
this regard will be felt by very nearly the
whole of that numerous class which has
been embraced between the ages of ten
and twenty for the last four years. For
several years 19 come, therefore, we can
expect but comparatively few additions to
thu thoroughly educated class
We must net permit this gap to grow
larger by so much as a single month.
Amid the many subjects that claim our
attention now, one ol' tho first should bc
thc instruction ol' our boys and girls. But
we must initiate a better and higher sys?
tem of instructiou than that- which pre
vailed liefere '.he war. Out of such a
training as our youth received then, grew
among sundry ill result?, thatmaleriahsni
which originated the mistaken doctrine
that "cotton was king." A young mau
wos tbought sufficiently educated when a
certain quantity of Greek, Latin and thc
mathematics had been poured into him, as
into a sort of passive receptacle. The j
lesson which the teachers of tho South |
have to learn is, that simply to teach is not j
to educate; that the object of education is
implied in the primary meaning of the j
verb educare, that that object is to draw :
forth the faculties, moral and mental, into j
full activir.y and power; and that where .
this is not accomplished, the pupil will go |
forth into the wei l l with weapons which j
he has neither acquired the skill or the .
strength fo wield. \Ve tftst that t!iis-|
principle will bi; kept i:i view by every ?
head of school or college who muy here?
after preside over the studies of our South
ern youth, in proportion lo the strict?
ness with which it is nut in practice, will
the history of the next generation, amid
the new order of things about to be inau?
gurated, be colored by happiness or woe.
Nil Desperandum.
. Man should never despair of his re?
sources or his race, lie frequently docs
little or nothing, because he does not man
fully attempt enough. We arc very sure
(and, indeed, the experience of every day
adds to the proof) that the true extent of
his powers has never yet been developed.
He himself is quite as much confounded at
his own achievements, when he makes
them, ns any of the spectators. He is
usually forced to his best performances by
what he vulgarly calls neeessit}-. We j
might easily lind another word and origin
for the impulse which he obeys, at such
moments, and by which he performs.
Though his reason trembles to advance,
his blood bounds to the consummation of
the unusual tasks. Verily, we too much
underrate this instinct. What ?sit but thc '
(Jud within him, throwing aside the
?mackies of clay, the impediments and
doubts an J fears of a poor earthly reason,
and*hurrying him onward-he blind the
while-under the unerring guidance of an
immortal soul!
NEW YOUR AND CHARLESTON STEAMERS. !
The Courier 8tates that tho Leary liuo of j
New Y'ork and Charleston steamers is I
meeting with unqualified success. Both
the Alhambra and Granada are line steam- j
ersf and have popular officers on board.
We woulJ suggest that, a reduction of tho j
passage money from >,<jn to *P>, or even !
$30, would increase tin: travel by that
route; as there are many persona through
the up country who givq preference to the
Imd route, merely on accouut of the dif.
fcrencc in ? rice. The fare from Savannah
to New York is ? 10.
SEVKUK HAIL STORM.-A gentleman who l
haj just arrived in this city from New?
berry inform.1? us that n revere hail storm '
occurred in tho lower poi of that District, J
on Saturday last. Vegetation Was much |
injured by tho ?mil; ?.uaio ol' the f.'.o?es j
-..in?; ?.> ?arge a-i pigeon opgs !
The United States Direct Tax.
The United Slates Tax Commissioner is
nt work ii, Charleston. A writer in tho
Courier answers many inquiries, which
are daily asked him, as follows:
The United States tax now being col
Jected by the commissioners in Chaltston
is levied by an Act. of Congress, approved
August 5, 1S61, and is a part of a lax for
the year IStil upon the entire real estate
of the nation. The quota of the States
then in rebellion not having been paid, nn
Act was passed in June-approved the
7!h-180'-. extending the provisions of the
lax law to "insurrectionary districts."' lt
is under this latter Act, as amended Febru?
ary G. 180:>, and March ?, 1865, that the
commissioners are now proceeding.
By its provisions, as soon as thc national
military authority is established over anv
political sub division of a Slate, tire law
is to go into effect. Tile commissioners are
directed to assess a due proportion of the
tax upon each piece of real estate, whether
in town or country, open au .office, and
.jive notice tlnrt the tax is payable and
they arc prepared to receive it. The as?
sessment is to be based on the last valua?
tion made by the Stale prior to January
1, 1SG1, or in default of that, upoti such
other valuation as the commissioners may
bc best able to ascertain. The tax is to
be received sixty days from the giving of
the notice, without interest; alter that pe?
riod, interest attaches at tho rate of ten
percent, per year from the first day of
July, isr.-d.
Bach tax payer is to appear at the office
of thc commissioners in person, or, in case
lie cannot so appear, then by his attorney
cither in fact or legally appointed, and the
attorney mustsjiow that the person whos.i
tax he applies to pay either has -.ot en?
gaged in the rebellion voluntarily, or has
taken the oath of allegiance lo the L'ruted
States.
On thc expiration of thc sixty dav?, all
property on which tin; tax is unpaid is
considered forfeited to the United states,
and the commissioners rnnv sell the same
by giving thirty days nolie.-. But the
tax may be paid at. any time before the
day appointed for sale, by paving tin; in
terest accruing ns above stated, and in
addition a penalty ?'(jual to one-half the
tax, which attaches as soon as ibo proper-'
ty is advertised ?br ?.ile.
Thc interest in (.'liarles! on became
chargeable" after the G th inst. The penalty
will not so become, probably, til! Novem?
ber next, before which time, it. is thought,
no advertisement of taxsales will benin.lc.
Aller the sale, sixty days is allowed for
redemption on payment of purchase mo?
ney, with interest at thc rate of 15 per
cent, per year from limo of sale. Any
person cnn redeem within th's tim-?. After
lim!, persons proving loyalty may rede.-ni
nt any time within a peno.I of from one
to two years, varying in length according
to I heir class, whether as persons beyond
seas, minors, etc , and according to the
discretion of the (tax commissioners. An
appeal may be made from the decision of
thc tax commissioners to the United Slates
courts.
.* The certificates of sale, however, issued
hythe commissioner?, can be affected in
only one of three way.-: 1st, by allowing
no tax was chargeable; "il, hy showing
payment of tax; or, ;?J, redemption of
properly.
Thu commissioners are empowered to
bid in, under certain r?gul?t ions, property
for thc United States at thc tux sales. The
properly so bid in may afterwards be re?
sold in quantities not to exceed 820 acres
to any one purchaser. At these secondary
sales, officers,Soldiers, sailors and marines,
having faithfully served in the army, navy
or marine corp.-. of the United States for
not ?ess than three months, are entitled to
1-uy, by paying one fourth the purchase
money down, and the balance within three
years without interest.
Under certain other regulations the
Commissioners are required to hid in
lands at thc tax sales for various govern?
ment and charitable purposes. ?Hore than
one-half of the lands sold for tuxes in Beau?
fort District have been so ni.I in. ' Some of
these huve been set apart, for military
purposes, but by fir the larger share has
been reset ved for schools and for '..?cads
of families of tba African rae,.," (o whom
they have been sold in sinai! parcels not
exceeding twenty acres each, at private
sale, and at tin: nominal price of one
dollar and a quarter to one dollar mid a
half an acre.
A deon MCVEME??T.-We notice nmnng
the recent arrivals in this eily Mr Na?
thaniel Heyward and Mr. Janies. B. Hey?
ward, known ns among thc meit extensive
and successful rice planters in thc State.
We aro glad to learn that, they have pro
cecde.1 to theil' pla..lati?os, via Hilton
Head, for the purpose of making contract:
with those whose labor they have hereto?
fore controlled, in conformity with tin
new ci der of tilings, and we cannot doubt
that their example will be influential in
determining others to the same course
They have our best wishes for their sue
eess. - Charleston Cour irr.
According to statistics in the Trieste
Gazette, tho number of Circassian children
ie" Christian parents annually export?e
from Constantinople mid other Turki J
ports to the Kgyptian port of Alexandria
amounts to more than lO.OOu. The boyi
are sold tn their F. rypttan ma ters at fron
1,000 to 4.U00 piastres euch, thc girls m
fioiu ?0,1101? t?> l&,0u0 piastres apiece. In.
trade is cai i icd oii ipenly under the eye:
nf tho Turkish i.'ovcrrimenr, which doc
1 not move H finger lo ?uppresa it.
--mmmwx. muajan nm n mma .T---?
Labor at tho South.
Our friends at the North make a grent
mistake when they proclaim that the
Southern planters and producers aro not
willing to accept the new condition of
thills brought about by the war, and nid
in establishing a ej'stem of labor on a bee
bnsis. So far as we arc iuformed, and we
have had conversations on this subject
with a number of owners of plantations,
all the planters are desirous of securing
hands to till the sou and perform other
labor essential to the growing of crops.
The main difficulty seems to be the pen?
chant of thc colored people who formerly
did thi3#ork to leave the plantations and
come to the city, under the impression'that
here they can obiaiu supplies free of cost
from the Government store houses.
Kow that the supply of rice and corn
which the authorities ordered to be laid
aside for distribution ?o the poor in nearly
exhausted, these people wbo have depend?
ed on this source for9their daily subsist?
ence will begin to appreciate the true
circumstances of the case and seek employ
ment in the interior, or ba the islands that
border the coast. If r, fair crop is not
raised and reap?*?.' between now and the
winter months, the fault ennboi be attri?
buted wholly lo Hie whit?? owners cf thc
soil. They are reconciled to the fact that,
in order to secure cropr?, the mefi whom
they employ must be paid. They do Dot j
question the right of any man, either black |
or white, to live where he may choose,
but t!i">* arc fully awcreof the importance
of working tue lands ns a means of sup?
port, not only to themselves, but to the
colored race who are among them. The
military authorities in the Department of
the Smith have done rind are now doing
their utmost to induce owners of planta?
tions and the freedmen to <mter into ar?
rangements which shall be of mutual
benefit.
In a recent order, Gen. Hatch advises
the planters to make writtenL agreements
with the freedmen, and submTtthe same to
the nearest Pus!. Commander for approval.
Loth purl ?os ai t; assured of thc protection
ol' the United States Government. No?
thing is said - nothing can be said nt pre
sent-with reference lo immediate pay to
the laborers. The South is thoroughly
depicted of means arel material, and time
must be given the people to recover from
the prostration which prevails from one to
the other end of this section of the coun?
try. Should the freudmen persist in
receiving recompense before engaging their j
s rvices to the planters, or refuse to labor j
unless paid in fill within a short time and
before the crops can be gathered nod
brought to market, then it is not clear to \
us by what means the soi! ;"s t.o be tilled
to advantagu this [.resent, r-eason. The
planters have not the ready cadi, and will
not ?.ave it until they procure lt from an ?
exchanga ..!' tin; products ol' to.- soil. The i
freedmen who lab.vr "ii Hie fields and
plantations ure sure of being provided with j
food and homes, .ind \ ?lea the fail ap- i
proaches, they are equally sure of receiv- j
ine; pay in full for their toil. Not a freed?
man who bas land of his own on the |
islands between here and Florida can do 1
better than that.
As to the matter of colton, although |
doubtless millions worth of it will ....onie io
light when railroad and wagon facilities
are placed at the convenience of ihe hold?
ers, \<-t it will be far in ihe tall season
before these same facilities ure put into
(.p. ral ion, an*! the Northern men of capital i
who have visited South Coolina have not
evince'! a dispesilion as yet lo invent
largely in cotton, without having some
guarantee that they eau speedily turn that
article over to the Government, or ship it
to the N'oiih. In either ease, they must
have facilities for transportation.
As the New York Tribune wisely sug?
gests, in remarking upon thc re settlement,
of the Sou;h on ?i basis of free labor, "Let
us ail help to make the transition ns easy
and speeCy ns possible." lu order to
speedily and successfully revive commer?
cial and agricultural pursuit s in the South,
it. is important thar, an un:**rsi rioted inter?
course ot trade should be permitted with
th:> North. The people here not only
want gee.ls from the North, but they
want, the privilege of paving for these
goods with th..- products of t.be South.
Until that privilege is extended, there can
benn heavy transactions among business
men. and the people who luise products
must be the only consumers.
[Charil sion Courier.
Chief Justice Chase, in North Carolina. \
said that military rule would bc continued
until the States were reconciled to imme?
diate emancipation and tho policy of the
Government.
T?IOUC.IITFI:L.- A brigadier sent his brass
band to serenade the Deaf and Dumb Asy?
lum at llah-igh. lt. is suggested that lie
invite tho Blind Asylum to seo his next
parade.
---_
SECESSION FI.AO.-Th<* l! u which waved
over the Secession Convention of South
Carolina has beni presented by (Jen. Blair
to Gov. Fletfther, of Miss.., *i. lt is of
silk, richly fringed with bull
--.tx.
COTTON.-The Government purchases the
crop, returning three fourths io the owner,
marked frc?, and thus exempted from fine
or internal taxation.
- -_
In [the Hoys.; of Lords, eoTnplaint has
been made because ('nuada wou.d not pay
the expenses of her defence*.
The French Assembly has called out
100,000 men as '.he coutingent for 1886.
Local Items.
Tho o?fuc cf tho Columbia Phoenix is
on Gates street, second door from Plain.
AV? are indebted to .Mr. fc'owlc for a j
copy of the Augusta Evening Dispatch, of
the. SOtlt._
Loitering negroes are bring gathered up |
in th?: streets, r.nd put to work, clearing ]
up the rubbish in thc burnt district.
A battue of the pitr.eo.js has ticen for .
some time going on in this town. The !
sportsmen w-ho are thus engaged in muk- j
ing game of other people's property are !
blicks. In one or two yards, thc pigeon \
houses are already nearly emptied, and in j
all thc painful spectacle ia tc:ln<>?5i\l of j
the young pigeons dying for want of tho I
Attention vf tri? parent birds, and occa- j
. nally of those parent birds coming
horne to die of their wounds. The allen- j
tio-r of the aulborilL>= is directed to this
matter.
?5?T"A.-iy perron oesirous of obtaining I
email or valuable articles from New York, :
can have ftn opportunity of doing HO, hy ,
applying at this olIic3 previous lo Thur--- I
day next. Commission *5 per cent, ea ibo j
cost of the articles. The. goods to bc de- i
livered in this city.
?grPsRSoivAi.-All subscribers to thc |
Phoenix whose subscriptions have ere j
pired, will picAse com? forward and |
renew, in specie or provisions; otherwise ;
their prtpcrs will be stopped.
Wc wish :t distinctly understood !
that our tcrrrs are oath. No advertise- !
merits will, therefore, bc inserted unless !
paid for ii: advance. I
We present thc fellowing schedule of j
rates, in the cr.se of the mest obvious com- j
moflities. Fur oni month's subscription :
to the Phoenix, wo will receive either of \
tb" following, viz:
1 bushel corn. l?-busb. p^ar-or potatoes j
5 pounds butter. 'l?> lbs. flour.
7 '. lard, -i lbs. candles.
7 *' bacon. 3 q's. ric?.
8 doren eggs. 4 head of chickens. j
Wood, vegetables rs :-J provisions gene- .
rally received at frc rin.rKet rat.es np ,
proaching the spec;.- standards. j
. ,
The Revival cf Trsda. i
Vol M-tthstrtlldi
pre-1 -"i ot many i
people ia om- community that very little
business Would be tran*act?d in Charb-st un :
until lb- approach of tba full season, we :
are pleused to observe (hat our merchants
and trade I? are quite enthusiastic over the
success wiiich is daily attending their HU.
lerprising efforts. Of course, we cannot -
expect that heavy trade Iroin which un
opening up of thc railroads will give ns in
the fall; but we can expect, and, in fact,
are realizing, minor Ir in: n t jam i busi?
ness which, ti ? co together, form a good ,
round aggregate. Uninterrupted railroad .
communications wi til the interior will.du
more towards increasing trade, in Cr aries- .
ton than any other cause. . Tne residents
of country towns are destitute o? many of '
the common articles of provisions, to suv 1
nothing ot table delicaci-s. and are sadly i
in want of wearing apparel. In eider lo'
supply themselves with these articles, thev
will accept the first opportunity to visit |
the city, and when the railroads are in ',
operation, we may look forward lo a large !
influx of citizens li om thc interior.
As it is, it must, not be supposed that wc 1
in Charleston are having all ibu trade to j
ourselves. Persons recently from Gulum ,
bia report that a very fair nosiness is j
being transacted at that pince. The l u i ;
ness is conducted principally on the svstem !
of hurter, there being scarce! v any money j
in cii dilation. The traders who left
Chariest.>n and established stores at. I
Orangeburg, and other places on the line j
of railroad, are doing well. A number of j
bales of cotton have been received in ex
change for goods, and it seems to be the !
disposition ?if the own.-rs O? colton to
augment ibis kind of trade.
With the establishment of a national
bank in our midst, the people will have
facilities for doing business which an instr
union oftbat hind extends. The banking
houses already in operation have done
much to revive the trade ol' the city, and
t he gentlemen who have emba? ked on the
enterprise are em ii led to thc thanks cf |
the public for their energy and perseve
rance. The plying of steamers regularly
between here and New York is another j
great promoter of tradf, and we arc glad j
to see that the linc is so Well patronized
by the merchant's. That Charleston will
again become the great trading mart, for
this section of the Southern cumr.rv, is
indicated in events thal did ly occur. At
any rate, that is lim view taken of it, bv
Northern men and men of capital, no
sin ill number of whom have already
opened placed of business hore, and others
have expressed their intention lo do so in
the course of a few weeks.
[Cha) leaton Courier.
The steamer Amazon struck a snag in
thc Savannah River a few days ago and
sunk. The steamboat Troup, .vhile fen
dering assistance to the snagged boat, look
fire, and was entirely destroyed. Several
person?, raottly negroes, lost tu.eir lives
Tm: PLASTERS AND THU FKUKDMIN -Kn
fi'-'^n C. C. Nci;. who left hero on I!..' inti.y
transport NV. V Frazier laM week, for tko
purpose of visiv v.: the pl?utera on Uto
Cooper River and enlightening them as lo
ihe orders of Cen. lintel) concerning the
making of contracts with dre fte ed mon,
returned lo Iii tn city last, evening. Ile
called upon the various planters in St.
Tinima-.* and St. Dennis' Parishes, and
found them cheerful and willing lo do all
in their pouter to promote the intel, sis nf
the common country. Their great annoy?
ance are the depredations committed hy
roving hands of idle and dissolute people,
the majority of whom are colored. They
are earer ' to obtain a supply of field
.-m l farming implements, and are also in
want of horses, mules and wagons. Largo
crops are not looked for this season. The
plant?is received Hnsign Neil and his asso?
ciate.*, with the utmost eiv-lity, and spread
1-ef.we them the best that their houses con?
tained. In their conversation, th<-y ad?
mitted the tota! fi iii} re of ihe rebel cause,
and expressed themselves solicitous"to see
harmony and re union nguiu prevail.
During ibis trip. Ensign Neil had tin-plea?
sure of witnessing the -?gr.ing of contracts
of labor b-tween liftevn ; hinters ni 1 mun
who were formerly slaves. 1 ; >.- cea tract 3
we're mad- ?ri accord-.ncc with an order
issued bv Gen. Joh:: p. Hatch.
T Charterte* (burier.
WHEAT.-Fully half of lani year's wheat
crop sti'l remains tn lb? hands of th*
S?-chican ?nd Illinois farmers. We shall
have a f ll in fleur after awhile.
Gov. Brown, of Georgia, has been re?
leased on parole.
AUCTION SALES
Zesij, Scott & Brans
WILL sell TO DAY, nt :l-eir rvarcrooix.
Assembly struct, nt lu o'clock.
The following articles: Looking Glass< s.
Coats. Vest*. Pants. II- rr!: rs, Chewingand
Smoking Tobacco, Si ireh, Coffee, P idtie?.
Dried Figs. Cnocol-'... l.'l xeX -,
Brushes, Paper Collars, Shoes, Lraoms, ?e.
Unlimited articles received j. to hour ol'
Svgar, Coffee, Bec-.' .,, :<:.'? ..'"::"'. . .:',
Candia, Leather, Ir-jV. Azte> ?1
By A. E Phillips.
HIIS (Tuesday) MORNING/H'. r.'.-'.?!. ? !:.
I will sell, near the Kul.ou Hou*?-> nppo
tile Dr. Geif-rV. efl;ce,
eon. Sorghum, Mustard. Candi* s. Sole Lea
t.her. Pepper, Iron Buggy Axles, ?-c. Aiso,
one Two horse Wa : ntl, willi iron av les, in
good order. N. "? -CJahmite?? ?rt ie l'es re
wived uelij y o'clock. June 0 .1 *
1. IX JLJL
GROCERIES, PROV;
DRUcs. M KM ri
FANCY ARTI( LES. ?a. E->r sale bv
MELVIN AI. COHEN".
A -.mb.y -.ir. et, Vv.si side.
One door from Pendleton street.
.Tune 0
"W o 13 o t ct TD I e s,
L7WIESH bom the kiteheti gar.!, n. for
*a!e et erv morning before. S <>'<iod:, at
ZIMMERMAN'S, near the Female ( . ? hau
lions.-. .lune il :,'
A few Single Gentlemen
/ "AN be iiceomm.idat?-1 with BOARD
v / und LODGING ina private family,
residing i'i :i pleasant | al t. of the city.
Recommendations will be requin .i. Apply
at this cdfiee. Jun.- G
Removal.
TOS SCOTT w.-ul.i inform the publie
tj that he has removed his Lat her Shop
to the-Soutli-east corner ol' Cates and
Bridii streets. SHAVING, MAIR CUT?
TING and SIIAMPOCNING ex-cnted m
the very best manner and latest s-.tvle.
June fi * 2
Black Tea.
VSMALL ?ot English BREAKFAST
TEA, very tine.
And a few boxes low priced TOBACCO,
will be EXC ll ANGEL for BACON 01
CORN, at. the residence of
P. I "ANT Vt ELL.
NAr Upper Methodist Church
j 11'te ti I -
Oraiigeburg, Newberry or Fairfield.
Jv>-K^> THE subscriber has -, first
r ate Wagon and two excel?
lent Horpes, and is prepared to carry
Freight or Passengers I<. either of 1 he above,
points. Perms for passengers $5, freight
ft?, a hundred. Uv eau bc found nt the old
Sword Factory, on Washington street.
j "ne t> 2** " CHAS. A. DURBAN.
Straw Hats! Straw Hats!
ON hand, a few of the limn fa- hionablc
STRAW 11 ATS foi 1 "'..s. OM Hats
and Bonnets altered and pressed into the
latest imported* styles; nlso, dyeing and
bleaching. Orders executed with neatness
and dispatch. On Barnwell street, beUveen
Laurel and Richland streets, near the
Charlotte Depot. June G tut Lt**
Brass and Copper Wanted
r|MlE undersigned will pay thc highest
1 prices-ii goods or money-for old
brills and copper.
Jurie li t'-_ HARDY SOLOMON.
Stamping.
EMBROIDERY STAMPING of mrii ns
styles done two doers ?eu:h of Catho
lie Cliurs?. Ju:ir 2