-. :.. ??. j.i." . ?.. .
Saturd ly 5lormn?, Hay 7,1870.
Tho Immitjiadon Convention.
IUJPOKTS OF COMMITTEES.
The Committee on Direct Trude, by
their obuirman, Mr. Robert Mure, made
the following report, which was received
as information, and laid upon the table,
subjeot to future .consideration :
The Committee ou Direct Trade, ap?
pointed by tho convention, havo (riven
tho aubject oa much consideration ns tho
limited tinieallowed them tu report, hut
by no means aa much,as its importance
demands. The city Of-New . York has
for years been the great emporium and
oentre of trade for all ceotionu of tho
Union, of which abe is the metropolis.
Thither "tend all the streams .of wealth,
to pour their largesses iuto her coffers,
already f?ll to overflowing. And it is a
well known fact that tho South is, moro
than all other ".Sections, .a . tax-payer to
this exacting commercial autocrat. Year
by year, as the earth briugs forth her in?
crease, and the planter ia rewarded for
his toil by au abundant harvest of the
fleecy textile, by which humanity is
clothed, a largo proportion goea as tribute
to the Northern manufacturer, banker,
ship-owner and importen The question
ariB?sjw.why should this bb fio? Why
should :the Sbuthei'n people, with tho
spirit ttiot animates thom, thu? snpinely
submit to a state of things so manifestly
againsttheir. besV interests, when, by
acti?h??!l?it/ed.,?eUrmiued action, they
may cast off these .shackles. whioh have
hitherto bound thom, and become iude
oettdenl'?f thegfce'?t metropolis.
The vo$mittee'on.p^*in^ation( f ully
alive toj bo j in port aneo of the subject,
will doubtless bring forcibly to view the
many 'adf alliages to bo derived from an
enterprise, looking tb the introduction
into tho South of a class of thrifty nod
industrious immigrants, sud will point
out tho facilities abd ? perfect practica?
bility foi such an epterpriefe. 'Such a
sahorno as this will build up the waste
places of the South, and fill thom with a
numerous and happy population, and Co?
equal With this enterprise in importance,
is that . of direct, -trade with Europe,
whereby.our produc? may hud a foreign
market by the most direct and expedi?
tious route, and our imports from thence
to supply tbo wauts of our people be
brought direct to our doors, without first
paying a! tax to the banker, the importer,
and jobber of New York.
Wo would propose, therefore, that ?
company be formed, having a capitu]
sufficient to construct and equip foul
freight and emigrant steamers, and that
tho,shares iu such capital stock be placed
atan amoUut which would bring it withir
the power of the greatest number to par
ticipate.
Your committee have assurances thai
not only individuals iu this couutry une
Europe, but wealthy corporations, ari
willing and ready to subscribo to thi.
object.
They therefore recommend the ndop
tion of the following resolutions:
Resolved, That this couveution recom
mend that a company be formed for tin
establishment of a permanent line o
freight and immigrant steamers to a por
in Europe, in abares of $25 each.
Resolved, That a committee be ap
pointed by the chair to obtain snbsorip
tiona from the various railroad com pa
nies and corporations interested in oom
meroe, and ulso take .measures for tb
establish ruent of .a sompauy, ou a per
manedt basis, to form a line to consist o
four steamers.
Resolved, TL?* the ohairman of encl
delegation be charged with tho duty o
obtaining subscriptions in their section
willi power to appoint sub-cominitteee
who will report to the chairman of th
committee appointed by the oonventioi
the names aud amounts subscribed.
The Committee on the Manufacture o
Cotton, through their Chairman, C<>1. J
B. Palmer, of Columbia, reported a
follows:
That it has beeu contended, for years
by our most sagacious fttate.".men, that i
was not the policy of tho South to es
?iort its cotton iu the Hut. Beujami
franklin, writing from London, saitl
"Here in England, it is Well known an
understood, that whenever a mauufat
ture is established, employijg a uumbe
of hands, it raises the value of lands u
about." Andrew Jackson, in 1824, ntl
vooated, in a private letter, the takm
"from our agriculture 600,000 men, wt
mea and. children, to be employed i
manufactures." Lord Goodrich, in th
House of Lord?, speaking of France
said: "If it wero freely to admit our mr
nuf ac tores, it would speedily be reduce
to an agricultural, and therefore, a poe
nation, as all must be that depend es
elusively ou agriculture." Waahingto
entertained similar views. While then
opinions have been stated by many, mo.'
of our people have either considered i
entirely.impracticable for us to undei
stand the general manufacturo of ou
leading staple, or thinking it praotict
ble, have considered the period when i
would be accomplished so far in the ft
ture, as to demand no attention froi
them.
Your Committee will endeavor to catt
blish the proposition, that it not oui
can, but will be done at an early day.
First among the advantages posscssc
by the South over the North for mani
faoturing cotton, and one that it wi
never cease to hold, is that it is the plat
of production of the raw material,
would be no more unnatural to transpoi
the crude ores of Pennsylvania to di
taut States for manufacture, than it
for ns to continue to send abroad ot
Hut cotton. The Southern manufuoturi
saves the freight and other charges c
bagging, rope and other waste. Tb
waste, amounting to.fully one-eighth <
each bale, . eau be manufactured in
paper at the South more oheaply than i
tho North, and is consequently moro v
luable, though it costs fur less here thu
? (??-r-r-iri-r-r- -irrn-'-rr jggjj
there. Reclamation on false paoked or
damaged cotton ie, with ns, oosy und di?
rect, and we save the burdensome North?
ern charges for storage, insurance, bro
ku rn go, &o., and the loes from repeated
sampling end thefts. Mofe or lesa cotton
can alway* be purchased in tho lint, thus
saving, to that extent, the loss by bag?
ging und rope. Freights on manufac?
tured Roods aro less than on bulky and
hazardous bales of raw cotton. Another
advantage is to bo found iu our climate.
Fire for heating purposes is only requir?
ed for from one to three mouths of tho
year, according to localities. Wc have
an ubuudunce of unoccupied wator power
iu every Southern State. Wo have ulso
inexhaustible coal-beds, easy of access.
Wages are comparatively low. The
mildness of the climate, the abundance
of lumber, and tho cheapness of laud,
enables manufacturers to provide opera?
tives witlig inexpensive but comfortable
houses and largo garden plats. The ex?
pense of living must always bc lesa here
than ut the North. The winters being
mild and open, we must ever bo able to
produce our provisions moro cheaply
than they can bo produced in a country
whero a great part of the six working
months uro appropriated to raising sup?
plies for man and beast for the remain?
ing portions of the year.
Our operatives aro admitted to bo re?
markably frugal, industrious, cusily
taught und controlled, and wo have au
unemployed class of many thousands
from which to draw in the futuro. Tho
North and Europe will contribute largely
iu operatives whenever there is a demand
for thom, and thus manufacturing will
advance immigration.
The English, in manufacturing, mix
India and other inferior cottons with the
American, while ".ve use the best staple
tho world produces. The consequence
is, that where our goods have beeu in?
troduced abroad, they are preferred to
tho English. Tho foreign manufacturer
has been known to brand hts goods
drills, for instance---as American.
Your Committee have had before them
carefully compiled statements, .showing
the cost of manufacturing cotton North
and South. They are fully satisfied that
yarns can be manufactured here, trans?
ported to tho North, pny a commission
of five percent, for selling, be sold at the
cosi of Northern production, nud yet yield
a net profit of five cents per pouud.
And that certain classes of colored goods
eau ho produced here and Bold iu the
North, at cost of production of similar
goods there, ami yet yield a profit ol
over 10c. per pound.
Eug'.isU manufacturers have admitted,
after inspecting the books of some ol
our Southeru factories, that we produced
yarns moro cheaply thou they did. TY
test this admission, the Saluda Factory,
of this State, sent in April, 18(19, througi
tho houso of W. C. Courtney & Co., ol
Charlouton, some packages of their No.
20 yaru, to Manchester, England. Thest
yarns sold at lt?d., which, at the thee
rate of gold and exchange, was equal tc
43%c. currency hero. Tho total cost o
tho yarns, including freight, insurance
commission ou sale's, &c, wna SDj.ic.
leaving a net profit bf -i \^o. per pound
lu support of the positions assumed
your committee direct attention to tin
great success of the Augusta, Granite
ville and otbei factories iu manufuatur
ing plain gooda; of the Columbus, Ala
mauco aud other factories in making
colored gooda, and the Saluda, Ros .vol
and.otlier factories in spinning and warp
ing fiuo yarns, with profit at a time whet
manufacturing at the North and ii
Europe hus been languishing nod un
profitable. lu further confirmation, tin
following extracts, from a letter writtei
by a prominent manufacturer ut th
North, is submitted:
"While I have only met expenses ii
tho North in running twenty frumes
3,000 spiudles-tho retnrus I have frou
sixteen frames of the samo machiner
iu Georgia for the last six months huv<
beeu 815,000 clear protit. Our compun;
has determined to sell out their mu
chiuery." * * * "The South enjoy
the ndvautago of uot less thau tweilt,
per cent, over tho North in manufactur
iug."
Tho writer of this ietter hus bine
moved South, and bis cotton mill nt th
North in permanently closed.
A largo number of Northern coito
mills uro idle, mauy of those in opera
tiou have recently reduced tho wages c
their hands, und some uro running ot
snort time; machinery is hoing tram
ferred to the South, und skilled labu
und capital is begin uing to follow. Eoe.
land is losing her monopoly. Franc
and Germany are yearly importing lea
of her yarns aud manufactured gooch
Her manufacturers are becomiug alarm
ed, and her operatives are turning thei
eyes in this direction. There eau be u
doubt that we will, before long, suppl
thu North, and, to some extent, the We?
an d East Indies, China, South Americ
and Mexico, with manufactured good;
and export yarns to the continent c
Europe, and ultimately to England.
Few realizo bow rapidly mauufactui
ing hus increased in the United State.?
Tho first cotton factory on the Arl
wright prinoiple waa erected in Rh od
Island, io 1790. lu 1812, there wet
thirty-three mills iu Rhode Island an
twenty mills in MuBsuohusetts, turuin
tu ull 48,000 spiudles-an overage c
about 900 to the mill. In 1850, ther
were in the United Staten 2 500,000 spit
dies; in 18G8, over 6,000,000, showing n
iucrease of over 3,600,000 in eightee
years- almost exclusively in tho North
Ihe Smith having in the latter year on)
about 200,000. The wages paid to fm
tory operatives in 1838 was over $13,000
000. In 1848, over 827,000,000-au it
creuso of 100 per cent, iu ten yean
Thu increase iu tho South must, berea
ter, bo far moro rapid than it has ice
North, Attention is already directed I
our country na tb? proper Meld for tl
cotton manufacturer. Indeed, we b
lieve no astute business man,will, engag
iu it else whero, and within a few 3 eat
most of those already euTDlcjtfiinttl
Nortb in this branch of i nam
some are doing now, dismantle their
mills and either move Sooth, or engage
in other brancbos of roana faa tu ring. It
cannot tie I OD g before machinery for.
working longistaplo will be introduced,
and Savannah, Obarleston and Wilming?
ton, with their facilities for procuring
cheap, coal, mil vie with each other in
the manufacture of our sea island cot?
ton; and soon the busy hum of the spin?
dle will be heard on every water-course,
from Virgiuia to Texas.
It is tho belief of your Committee
that the planter* may, with profit to
themselves, aid in producing this result,
by combining together in joint stock
associations, and erecting cotton mills of
Huflicient capacity to work up their cot
tou crops. These mills should bo ma?
naged, not by tho .planters themselves,
but by experienced aud capable business
meu, who will give their undivided at?
tention, with experts in charge of thc
mechanical departments. Manufacturing
comprises so many details, that its suc?
cessful prosecution requires the most
careful nnd systematic management.
With all our advautnges, inattention to
details and careless management cauuot
but produce loss.
From 82.500,000 to ?3,000,000 would
be added to tho value of our cottou crop,
if wo were to manufacturo it into yarus
and woven goods. Of this, a large
amount would be paid out for wnges,
aud that to a class that is now not only
unemployed in adding to the wealth ol
the country, but for tho most part, a
burden upon their parents ortho public.
The enormous increase in tho amount
of money reoeived by tho South would
be the direct advantage derived from
manufacturing. Thc merchant, the me
ohanic, tho r.gricultnrnlist, the banker,
the real estate owner, nnd, in fact, every
citizen of our country, would be inci?
dentally benefit ted. Busi ness generali]
would be stimulated, and property of ali
kinds enhanced iu value. What bat
manufacturing not done for England'
To come nearer home-what bas it nol
done for Now England? Take tho towt
of Lowell, for instance. Situated iu t
cold, bleak, unproductive country, witl
every drawback nnd no advantages, ex
cept its water power, and the iudomitabh
energy of its inhabitants, it has grown
within a few years, from a mere hamlet
with ono manufacturing company, (tin
Merrimack, organized in 1822,) into ai
active, thriving city, with fifty mills
turning over 450,000 spindles, runniu)
over 12,000 looms, giving employmeu
to 14,000 operatives, supporting Bevel
national banks, with au agyretrato ou pi
tal of $2,350,000, and four savings banks
with un aggregate deposit of about $5,
000,000, principally savings of operat
ives.
Of the cntiro products of the Uuitc
States, exported to foreign cou ntrief
tho South han at times contributed a
high as fifty-five per cen*.-double au
treble the vulue of our products by mani:
facturing before exportation, aud w
oatise a flow of wealth from the Nort
anti from abroad thut must produc
almost unparalleled prosperity.
If we desiro to fully partic?palo in tbs
prosperity and husteu its consummation
there must be no folding of the urms o
our part. We cannot afford to stan
idly by, while foreign capital and euei
gy, attracted as it will he-indeed, as :
is-by the wonderful advantages wo pot
sess, gradually occupy the field to ot:
exclusion. Then, indeed, would tl
sceptre have departed from Israel. Bi
rather let us, while heartily we'eomiu
tho Northern business man and capita
ist, join in generous rivalry in thc grei
work of developing our resources.
A new era is upon us. The policii
attending the institutions of the past n
longer control our actions. Too indu
trial pursuits to which wo were wont 1
devote our energies no longer claim oi
undivided attention. No COUNTRY E:
CL.08IVEL.Y AOniOCLTUnAIjEVEU OBBW PK]
MANENTL.Y men. Wo huve shown tl
world thut wo could perform tho fu
measure of our duty to our couuti
during a long, bloody and disastroi
war. Property and lifo were freely BU
reudered. No sacrifice was too great
bo cheerfully offerod. Fathers and f<on
mot hors and daughters, vied with euc
other, early and lute, in Reason and oi
of season, in acts of self-abnegatio
Let tho bailie spirit actuate us now. L
each ono of us rise to the mis-ion befo
us. Let there bo no idlers in our street
Let honest, manly labor be clothed wii
tts propor dignity. Let agricultnr
manufacturing, mining and com mer
alike command our efforts. Let euerg
method and careful, close mtinngeme
attend us in our various pursuits.
lu building up our wasto places, at
in securing that prosperity a benefice
Providence hus placed within our reac
we are firmly couviuced that tho cottt
manufacturer will perform a promine
part; and we express the hopo that tl
Southern people will givo this matt
their serious attentiou, and do what tb
can to foster and advauce this branch
industry.
Col. J. P. Thomas, Chairman of t!
Committee on Immigration, read tl
following interesting report from t
Committee:
The Committee to whom was referr
the subject of immigration, with the E
companying papers, feel the respon
bili ty which devolves upon them. T
Committee bave addressed themselves
tho work of placing before this oonve
tion a programme of action at once sii
plo in details, practical iu character ai
eiFective in operation; and they ho
that tho scheme which tboy have ador
ed, will be found to embrace these e
ments of success. As to the paramou
importnnco of immigration to South C
rolina and the South in general, t
Committee deem it useless to wasto t
time in words. Wo see, wo know, '
feel this great need. Material devele
mont is the great work of the day. Il
the source of wealth, and wealth bric
in its train power, happiness and all t
concomitant!!, moral, mental and phy
cal, of a solid civilization. As one
the means to this great end of thorou
-r ???......TTrr r-rlT^l.. -.-- j
Development of all our varied resources,
the" introduction into this State and tbe
South of a hardy aral thrifty population
ia a consummation ?f prim? importance.
What immigration bas accomplished for
the North and North-west, we want done
for. the South and South-west.
Tbe Committee aro not unmindful of
the great vulue to this State, und the
South in gnu ural, of its present and resi?
dent laboring class. The lubor of this
class is of decided advantage. They de?
sire to recoguizo its importance, and
uuite in tho general sentiment that it
should bo fostered, and iu every way
utilized for tho general good. But it is
insufficient. It should be supplemented.
We desiro to piuco South Carolina in the
line of progress. Wo desiro to place
tho prosperity of tho commonwealth
upou a solid busis. But to do this, wc
ueed accessions to our population, to the
end that wo may surround the State with
the enduring muniments of wealth and
numbers. Cod, in his providence, h tu
blessed us with n genial climate and ti
teeming soil, and with abundant wutci
power, and with varied resources. luv
migratiou is one of tho means wherehj
these advantages are to bo utilized foi
the good of the citizens and the weal ol
tho State. With these general proposi
tious thus briefly set forth, thc Commit
tee address themselves to a specific
scheme, and have the honor to reporl
that the various pupers and resolution!
referred to them, have been cuiefullj
considered, and that after ns full an in
quiry into the whole matter of immigra
tiou as thu limited time given them wooli
permit, they respectfully propose tb?
following, as practical measures, viz:
1. Tho establishment of direct steno
communication w.ith Europe.
The ports of Trieste, Havre, Liver
pool, nnd Antwerp, hi?ve been suggested
but your committee ure of opinion tba
the choice of a Europeun port will de
pend upon commercial consideration
presenting themselves whenever tb
enterprise is about to bo beguu, uni
that the couventiou need uot now oute
upon that question.
2. Tho e.-tublUhment of rates of rail
way trausportution for immigrants frou
Cbarlustoii to the extreme North-west.
This measure will, it is represented
show this to bo the ohcapest route fu
immigrauts destiuedto the North-west
it is certainly the plusnutest ronto i
winter; hence if suitable arrangement
aro made, it is reasonable to sup pos
that a portion of tho great tide of im m
gration flowing in upon tho contine:
may bu led into this channel, providiil
at once profitable employment fu
steamers coming direct from Eu?*opi
and opening tho way to such itnmigtuui
as may desire to stop iu this or otht
States.
3. Tho formntion in this city, und i
the principal points along this propose
route of immigration travel, of socielii
ou the plan of tho German Society <
South Carolina, now in existence here.
These societies would be simply ben
voleut associations, designed to give I
tho newly arrived immigrant all nece
sa ry information and assistance, to he
his difficulties by honest and kindly a<
vice, und to protect him from impositi?.
aud wroug.
4. The formation in all tho hcttltl
Counties of this and other Southe!
States of "County Land and Immigr
tiou Societies," having for their obje
thu settlement of immigrants upou fr
farms, embodying the joiui stock priut
pie of Dr. E. B. Turoipseed.
It is essential to offer immigrants
good terms as they are offered in tl
West; besides, the better the terms, tl
better the class pf people we will get.
plau for u complete orguuization of ti:
kind for the State of South Carolina h
been luid before the committee, aud
appended hereto. It has beeu careful
considered by tho committee, and is L
liuved to embody tho truo principles
practical success.
5. The establishment iu Charlesto
upou the broadest and most liberal bas
of a Board of Immigration, provo!
with sufficient means to enable them
disseminate abroad truo and useful i
formation as tb the soil, climate ana J
sources of the South, and with anthon
to provide for the comfort, health ai
decent accommodation of immigrants i
tho voyage hither aud after their urriv
Such an orguuization is ascertained,
experience, to be essential at all ports
immigrant debarkation, and your co
mitteo are firmly persuaded that it w
be moro efficient, and less costly, if ce
ducted us a private enterprise than if h
to be managed by the government of t
State or city.
G. The encouragement of pnblicatic
aud ol tho widest discussions upon i
migrauts aud immigration, to the e
that our people, of ull classes and occ
potions, may be fully informed ns to t
immeuso gain to the whole country a
to ull private interests of a large,
creasing, industrious and rcspeotut
population.
Much has to be learned, too, by c
people, before we can attract immigrai
to us or retain those who may come.
1. Wbat will attract tho best cluss
immigrants?
2. What will best satisfy the nee
and desires of those who come?
3. Wbat occupations will bo I
most remunerative for tho immigrant
4. What new industries should be
tablished, or what modifications sboi
bu made in our present industrial es
blisbmeuts, iu order to fully utilizo I
advantages of a larger and a iii fieri
population?
Those questions must bo answer
and it would be a great stride in the
ruction of having immigration, if ev<
mau in tho State was to-day prepared
answer them from his owu informatii
lu connection with, this whole, subje
your Committee beg respectlully to
rect attention to a communication
pended hereto, presented to the Ct
mitteo by Mr. F. von Sauten, Chaim
of the delegation from tbe German !
oiety of South Carolina, aud to reoc
mend that it be published.
7. Tho encouragement of emigration
from Northern States to this State.
They recommend that the convention
extend to Bottlers from the North a cor?
dial welcome, and that efforts be request?
ed on the part of the Central Bureau of
Immigration, as provided for, to secure
special rates of transportation for parties
emigrating to the South.
PLAN.
1. That in each County them should
bo formed a "County Land Immigration
Society," to bo organized in conformity
with tho provisions of tho Act of the
Legislature, approved December 10,
1809, and entitled "Au Act to regulate
tho formation of corporations."
2. That books of subscription should
be opened ut ail the cou ven icu t points in
the County, and that each subscriber
will be required to slate the amount of
his subscription in dollars, with the
stipulation that tho amount, subscribed
may be made up iu whole or io part by
a ooiiveyauco of lauds; provided always,
that tho lauds bu taken at their valuation
for State taxation ut tho time tho convey?
ance is made.
3. That each County society adopt a
constitution substantially tho samo as
that appended hereto.
.?. That tho lands received in"payment
of subscriptions or otherwise acquited bj'
each County society, be laid off in farms
of convenient size und location with re?
ference to druiuage, feuciug and commu?
nication by roads, anti that alt?rnate
farms bo set apart to be granted to immi?
grants in fee, contingent only upou the
continuous occupation aud uso of thu
laud granted for tho space of ten years
from the dato of the grant. Should any
laren so granted be abandoned within the
teu years, it is to revert to the society;
if not abandoned, the proprietorship to
rest absolutely in tho grantee or parties
holding of them at the expiration of that
period.
5. That the lands retained by the so?
ciety bo held to represent the shares
issued to subscribers, that they be farm?
ed, leased, or sold by the society as may
seem best for the common interest; that
tho Society reservo tho right to convert
the said lauds, by sale or exebuuge, into
mouey or other valuable property as
buildings, railroads, turnpikes, bridges,
ferries, or shares it; such enterprises:
Provided, always, That dividends may
be puid out ot surplus income, and that
at any time after the lands set apart for
immigrants aro all disposed of, the so?
ciety may bo won uti up, and tho money
realized from tho sale of its lands and
other property, divided among its share?
holders iu redemption of the shares.
0. That each County society endeavor
to obtain the good will and zealous co?
operation of all the iubabitauts of the
Co nu ty, both subscribers aud uon-sub
scribers, to the cud that new settlers,
under tho auspices of tb? society, may
bo kiudly received, ?iud tuny obtain from
all their neighbors good and honest ad?
vice nud guidance. All interests in the
State uro so manifestly united in the
success of judicious efforts to increase
its population, that it will need ouly iu
ttdligeut explanation to u nile nil persons
and opinions in tho endeavor to make
that success secure.
7. That all tho County societies com?
bine in the establishment of a common
agency in tho oity of Charleston, upon
the priuciple of a representative organ,
each County society appointing an agent
to sit ut tho Ceutral Board as its special
representative, to bo entitled to as many
votes as there aro paid up shares in the
society he represents. The Central Board,
when thus constituted, to bo iuvested
with all necessary power aud authority
for establishing foreign agencies, makiug
speciul arrangements for the ocean and
inland transportation of immigrants and
their reception, shelter aud protection
on arrival.
The Central Board shall further be
charged with the d.ity of procuring and
disseminating correct and useful infor?
mation as to tho special advantages of
fered to immigrants in each locality, and
that nf taking caro that all immigrants
be fully and bouestly i ii formed us to all
their rights, privileges and immunities,
mid iii case of need, advised aud assisted
in protecting themselves from imposi?
tion.
Lum Uuy'ri I*,acceding*.
Mr. J. K. Vance, from the Special
Committee on Chinese Labor, read the
following report, which, after considera?
ble discussion, was adopted:
Your Committee ure of tho opinion
that the introduction of Chinese labor
would be of great benefit to a large por?
tion of South Carolina. In tho lower
part of tbe State and ou the islands,
where rice aud long cotton is cultivated,
and where it is supposed white labor
cannot be permanently or profitably em?
ployed, it would seem to be a great
acquisition.
Tho Chinaman is reported to enjoy
almost, perfect health ou the low river
lauds in t e most unhealthy regions of
the South and South-west.
Chinese labor is not au experiment,
I because in Loiiisaua it has been tried
with great success, and very much to the
satisfaction of those who have procured
it.
It is important, however, that this
labor should be procured from the rural
districts, since tho labor brought from
tho seaport towns is likely t > be very
much demoralized, and not likely to give
satisfaction.
Tho Chinese laborer has shown him?
self industrious, frugal, obedient and
attentive to tho interest of bis em?
ployer. Ho is, by nature, mild and
pacific. His sbrewduess and wonderful
imitative powers enable him readily to
acquire the necessary information and to
perform with facility every kind of farm
labor.
Admiral Semmes, who has had oppor?
tunity to see these people at home, says
in bis most interesting work-"Service
Afloat"-that "the Chinaman is born to
industry;" that "he is the cheapest pro?
ducer on the face of the earth, because
his habits are simple and frugal." The
same distinguished gentleman, npeaking
of a visit to nn English merchant, resid?
ing in China, at whose country-seat ho
dined and spent the night, says: "Bis
household was a pattern of neatness and
comfort-thero was ah air of cleanliness
aud neatness throughout-which bue
rarely ever sees in a bachelor establish?
ment. His servants were all Chinese
amt males. Chilli and Hu Chin, and the
rest of them plowed his fields, mowed
his hoy, stabled his horses, cooked bis
dinner-', waited ou his guests, washed
his linen, mndo his bed and marked his
gu mo of billiards. If there hud been a
baby to nurse, it would have beeu all
the same." Wo thiuk thut the China?
man cannot be surpassed, either ns B?r
vaut or laborer, by any other, whether
you place bim in tho house, tho garden,
tho field, the work-shop, or on tho rail?
road.
It is gratifying to your committee to
bo able to report, on roliuble information,
that the Chiuese laborer can bo brought
into our ?State at a price within the
means of most of our planters. Say at
au expense of uot more thau $125 per
head, tho whole or a greater part of
which would be refuuded hythe laborer.
In one instance, when a number of Chi
uese laborers have recently beeu brought
to New Orleans, tho cost per bend was
S05, all of which tho laborer contracts
to refund from bis lirst earnings. Theso
people have contracted for five yearns at
fifty couts per day, and all lost tim? tp
be accounted for at the same rate. They
work from sun-rise until sun-set, alloW
iug oue hour for dinner, and agree to
obey, unquestioned, all orders from tho
owner or maunger. Your Committe?
thiuk that it is only necessary to use the
same means to introduce thu Chinese as
is employed for the introduction of other
foreign laborers. Money and concert ot
action will bring them.
Aud they aro needed. A vnst portion
of our lands are lying wasto and unculti?
vated. Wo can give employment to all
who may come; and while giving a hearty
welcome to others, we hope the conven?
tion will not overlook that source from
which un almost inexhaustible supply of
labor may bo obtaiued, and which, per?
chance, mnydoasmnah towards devel?
oping tho resources of our State as any
other.
Col. W. Ii. Trenholm offered the fol?
lowing resolutions, which were adopted:
Resolved, That this Committee is sin?
cerely convinced of the paramount im?
portance of foreign immigration into tho
South, no only for th? sake of its direct
result upon our population aud industry,
but for that of its indirect effect iu
leading to tho establishment, of direct
trade.
Ji'isolecil, That this convention earn?
estly commend to all the people of the
State thc subject of foreign immigration
as one worthy of their early and most
assiduous attention.
Resolved, That in order to give effect
to the report of the Committee ou Im?
migration, the President of the conven?
tion, ut his leisure, and after conference
with representatives from the vurious
County delegations, appoint a perma?
nent Committee on Laud and Immigra?
tion, to cousist of one resident hind
owner in each County, and of not less
than twelve residents of Charleston.
The committee thus appointed to be in?
structed to keep the matter before the
public, to encourage, and advise the
formation of County Laud and Immi?
gration Societies, and to collect whatever
information is possible for the use of all
persons and corporations desirous of
making a practical experiment.
Resolved, That this conveution extend
to ull persons in the United States or
elsewhere, desirous of settling iu South
Carolina, a cordial welcome, and the
assurance of kindly feeling and neigh?
borly offices on tho part or the citizens
of whatever portions of the State they
may desire to make their homes.
The Committee then resolved itself
into a Committee of the Whole, Mr,
Wm. M. Lawton in the chair, wheu Mr.
Seib les o tiered the following resolution:
Resolved That the thanks of this Con?
vention aro respectfully tendered to the
President, General Johnson Htigood, for
tho diguitied and impartial manner iu
which he has presided over our delibera?
tions; also, to the Secretaries, lor their
very efficient services; and, also, to tho
proprietor of this building for its use.
The Committee then arose and Presi?
dent Hagood addressed the Convention
as follows:
Allow me, gentlemen of tho Conven?
tion, to congratulate yon upon the libe?
ral, practical and earnest spirit which
hus marked your deliberations-every
movement going simply and directly to
the purpose for which you assembled.
Our principal object-the introduction
from abroad of a thrifty aud hardy pop?
ulation to supplement our numbers-is
oue surrounded with many difficulties,
and I um not prepared to say that the
scheme you have decided upon will meet
with unqualified success. They com?
mend themselves, however, warmly to
my judgment, as steps iu the right di?
rection, and, us far as I can see, all that,
under present circumstances, we can do.
I trust that n success will attend them
fur beyond that which the most sanguino
can hope, and that the day is near at
hand when our beloved State will resumo
the comfort and prosperity wbicb ouco
marked her condition. I beg to thuuk
you for tho courteous manner in which
yon have met my effort at presiding over
your deliberations.
On motiou of Mr. Seibles. the Con?
veution then, at 4 o'clock, adjourned
sine die.
At au informal meeting of the mem?
bers of thu convention and excursionists
in the City Point, it was resolved that
"our bincero thanks are tendered to
Messrs. J. D. Aiken & Co., for their
liberal tender of the steamer City Point,
for tho pleasure thus afforded us, in our
trip around tbo beautiful harbor of
Charleston."
To remove stains from character-Get
rich.