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The Weekly O'skaloosa Herald, Published every Thursday by LEICHTON & NEEDHAM, H. c. LEIGHTON'. W. H. NEEDHAM. Steam Printers. Office in “Herald Block’’ over Post Office. Terms— s2.oo a Year in Advance. livery. I rvKKY Aim OMNIBUS LINK. For the I j , H ht liver?’ in town call at the Bashaw or Citv Liveries of Downing:, MeMnllin tt Co. Oin nitnisses to and from all trains on Central and K. AD. railroads. 22 A l i t> li.XH YS-ATI.A W. TOHN a. HOFFMAN, ATTORNEY - AT - LA W. and Notary Public, North si l<* square, Oskntoo sa, lowa. 42 1.. 11. HOLE, H. HILLXS. Oskaloosa, lowa. New Sharon, lowa. Hole* hillis, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Oskaloosa an<l New Sharon. lowa. Prompt at tention tfiven to eo’leettona. I’robate business •a i oouveymncin#r ca-i fully attended to. t •, up-stairs, south-west corner public square, Os kuloosa; and with I>r. Page, New Sharon. 39 ] \AVENPORT & ANDERSON, 1' ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Oskaloosa, lowa. Office over Erankel A Co’s bank. Collections made a speciality. Business attended to in ail the courts of the state 2i* I >OLTON ft M jOOY, I > ATTORNEYS AT U«, < iskaloosa, lowa. Office in Exchange block, over Vernon’s store. Business attended to in all the courts of the State. C. ttveyaneing and c<alert ing p. ompti}- ntten led :■>. 11 W. RICE, _ , Lj. ATTORNEI AT LAW, And solicitor of American and European pat ents. Office No. 1420 F. street, near treasury bull ling. Washington. I). C. Practice in the Su premo court of the United States, Court of Claims, Courts of the District of t olumbiu. Business before any of the Executive Depart ments of the Government promptly attended to. Patents obtained in Washington, London, Pans, Brussels, Vienna, and St. IVtersburgh. 33 I OHN F. LACEY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, and Government Claim Agent, office in Boyer ,V Barnes' block, Oskaloosa, lowa. Prompt att-'iition given to collections. Prolaite business will receive careful attention. Business attend ed to in the U. 8. and State courts. lit C. G. PHILLIPS, ' '• ATTORNEY AT LAW, C ■’.’ectlntr. Insurance, and Real Estate Agent, Oskaloitsa, lowa. Office over Phelps & Gould's boot and shoe store, south side square. 10 KOBERT KISSICK, ATTORNEY AT LAW, nn l Notary Public, Oskaloosa, lowa. Office with Sotjvers & Cults, in Union Block, north side squ ire, up-stairs. Will give special attention to colioctkma, probate business, and oouvej Practice in all the courts of the State. 22 M. T. WILLIAMS. LISTON M'MILLEN. WILLIAMS & McMILLEN. * » ATTORNEYS AT LAW, and Notaries Public, t ffiice on west side of pub lie square, in Williams’ old office. Street’s block, Oskaloosa, lowa. 21 \\T S. KENWOBTHY. O . ATTORNEY AT LAW, O kaloosa. I -iwn. Office in Exchange Block, over Asher A Mattox’s store. XV. XV. nASKTLI.. t. A. SCOTT. 1 1 ASKEI.L & SCOTT. I I ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Oskaloosa, lowa. Office iqs-stairs in I’h euix block, south 40 1 HA J. ALDER, 1 ATTORNEY AT LAW, i • . I ... rto Judge W. H. Miller. 16 GKO. XV. LAFFLRTY. .1. KELLY JOHNSON. 1 AFFERTY & JOHNSON. 1 J ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Oskaloo- >, lowa. Office in Union block, north side public square, up-stairs. 47 XV. 11. SKEVKUS. M. E. CI'TTS. CJ FEVERS & CUTTS, . '• ATTORNEYS AT LAW. O’s ■ i.i Uni.n Rlock, up-stairs, north side pult lie square. 21 J. A. L. CB • Hen ISC. It. V. GT.K MO*. / iROOKIIAM & GLEASON, A ATTORNEYS AT LAW, • - Public and Government Claim Agents. \. lee in the several courts of the State. C ffieot: >ns pm aptly attended to. Office over National Suite bank. Oskaloosa. 35 PHYSICIANS and SUBGKO NS. J. A. LI’CV, It. I>. XVMjfrt’LLEK, SI. I). T I’CY i. FUT.LER. iJ HOMIEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS. Offi; e in Phoenix block. south side square, Os kalo <sa, lowa. Chronic diseases treated, espec ially of women and chihlren. Dr. Lucy will (rive attention to diseases of the eye on’Tues days anil Saturdays. DA. HURST, . PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. Office on south side of square, over Dixon A Wilson’s store, Oskaloosa, loxva. 20 TT i BUN ie'! \N. IT . PHYSICIAN AND SU RGEON. Offioe on High street, fourth door cast of north east corner of square. 47 DA. HOFFMAN. . PHYSICIAN ANI) SURGEON, O floe in Rliinehart's new building, south-west corner public square, <>skaloosa. lowa. Resi dence on Main street, three blocks east of pub lic square. 21 WL. CHAMBERLIN, . PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. O lice in National State Bank building, first stairs west of County Recorder’s office, Oska loosa, lowa. 25 MEDICAL SOCIETY. - ■ AHABKA COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY.- Ni Meets on the lir>t Tuesday in each month, at the office of Dr. GrawelL at* o'clock, p. m. A by-law < 1 the society reads as follows: “Any member failing to attend a meeting for six jiionths lo- e' his member-hip.” Members arc: Dr. D. A. Hurst, office on Main street. Dr. H. C. Huntsman, office on High street. Dr. J. P. Gruwell, “ “ “ “ Dr. Win. Butler, “ ** “ “ Dr. I >. H. Hare, office on Main street. Dr. 11. It. Page, office at New Sharou. Dr. W. E. Chamberlin, office at Beacon. Dr. Wnt. M. Bonnet, office at Indianapolis. Dr. W. L. McAllister, office at New Searon. Dr. W. L. Chamlierlin, Scc’y, office on Main street. * 46 DENTISTS. I \li. M. L. JACKSON. ' DMRT. DBHS. HiM'VDS a McCAKTY. __ SUBtIEON DENTISTS. Will per- v wurr ant form ull r /T, y satisfac d.-ntal \ A) /wV tion. \i operati's V>" ys/VV ta 1 1 zc d a- rea.*- A.'fc.N .i i air given on'ble as b <—i 11,1(1 teeth any oth- extract’d er first- ><-‘ without cla’sden- V p un. Of tist s in «V, tiee over Oskal'S)- ® " r. -j— Bacon & aa, and - Bros., on south side public square, Oskaloosa, lowa. 1 FOUNDRY. J. C. HarYingtoiVs Foundry and Stove Sohp. Main Street, west of Central depot I am prepared to do all kinds of brass and iron casting on short notice and in best style. REA L ESTATE AGENCY. Job.n F, Lacey's LAMP AGENCY. I have on my books a large number of farms and houses in town. Also many thous and air sof wildland. If you have real estate to sell or wish to buy. give me a call. I pay taxes in any part of the State. Conveyancing d »ne. Office in Boyer A Barnes’ block, Oskuloo sa. lowa. 10 Win- Burnside, LAND AGENT, —and — Examiner oflund titles and Notary Public I have only set of abstracts In Mahaska county. INSURANCE. TIME-TRIED AND FIKE-TFSTED Total losses p ai( j over tjj **,000,000. Cash Assets | ,738,921 .98. Agency of PHtESIX INSURANCE CO., OF HAKTFOHD, COSN. For twenty year* one of the leauirur companies in the United States. agency J. M. LOUOHKIDGE, Justice of the Peace, and Insurance agent. Of flee over Lyman & Trask’s store, west side public square. an TAILORING. A. Anderson, Merchant Tailor. With Hawkins & Parker. All styles of men and boys’ clothing cut and , made to order. All work warranted. A Am sto* of pises goods always on haad. The Weekly Oskaloosa Herald. VOL. 25. NUMBER 13. BANKING. E. H. GIBBS. ISRAEL M. GIBBS. Banking House of GIBBS BROS., Oskaloosa, lowa Correspondents! Springfield, Muss., Chapin Banking and Trust Co. “ •• Agawan National Bank. New York, Gilman. Son &Co. “ Corbin Banking Co. “ Tenth National Bank. Chicago, Preston, Kean Jir Co. St. Louis, Valley National Bank. KeuKiik, Commercial Bank. 11 Interest allowed on time deposits. Banking House -or - Franliel, Bach & Co, Will receive deposits and transact a general banking, exchange and collection business, the same as an incorporated bank. Seven per cent interest allowed on deposits left for six months. Exchange on all the principal cities in the Uni ted States, and on all cities ol‘ Europe in sums to suit purchasers. We pay the highest market price for Oskaloo sa City orders and Mahaska County warrants. Collections will receive prompt attention. Me do a strictly legitimate banking business, and give the wants of customers special atten tion. Respectfully. „ , FRANKED, UACH & CO. Oskaloosa, Nov. 13,1873. lOyl. WELLS AND PUMPS. We‘! - Slgging —and— Pump Repairing. Wells and Pumps and Wells. Henry newton. 1 hp.l prepared to make every man a well. Give me your custom and save money. Pumps and Wells and Pumps. Special attention given to repairing pumps and putting punq>s into deep wells. Ail orders leftattheotticeofJ.il. Green A Co., will re ceive prompt attention. 33yl CARPETS. W. A. JORDAN & SONS, Dealers in CARPETS, Oil Cloths, MATTINGS, Rugs, AND Mouse Furnishing Goods, 32 and 34 Union Block, OTTUMWA, - - - - IOWA. n52m3 P I I < J T < ) < IRA PHY. A. W. WARRINGTON. 390. GOMOM. WANTED! Everybody to go to wmmgtom crams who want GOOD PICTURES. Finely retouched photos a speciality. Dint wait till the sun is shining hut COME AN Y BAY that is not really a dark one; unless it is with the babies, who should be brought as early as possible on a bright day, as pictures can bo made in less time on such days. REMEMBER TIIE PLACE, Market St. 2 doors north of Walton's corner. PLUM RING. OSKALOOSA Gas Light Go., Office in McCall block, West High street Plumbing*, Steam ,n 1 Gas F ittixig, also dealers in Gas arid Steam Pipe, STEAM GOODS. Pumps, Etc. Steam Fitting a Speciality. PLANING MILL. j. j. Bi’sur. Bundy & Duke, Proprietors of OSKALOOSA PLANING MIIL. Corner of High and Madison streets, Oskaloo sa, lowa, manufacturers of Sash. Doors, Blinds, Window and Door Frames, etc., etc. Planing, re-sawing, scroll sawing, etc., done to order and on short notice. Prompt atten tion given to orders. Corn shelling done at ull times J. W. COKKKI.I.. J. 1101-POWAY. I). It. I.K SI ER. D. H. LeSuer Sc Co., owners of the New Brick Planing Mill, situated on the corner of Liberty and Perry Streets, opposite Charles D-ightou’s lumber yard, Oskaloosa, lowa, are now supplied with an entire new outfit of the Best and latest improved Machinery for the manufacture of DOORS, Window Sash aiiJ Blinds, Door ' i Window Frames, Mouldings of all styles, Re-sawing, Scroll sawing, Planing, &c. In fact anything that 1. usually done in country mills. Thankful to a generous public for past favors, we hope by strict attention to buai ness, to merit a continuance of the same. All yrk giurantajad to (hr* tatisfao- Fred. Beckman, I Cigar Manufacturer. I desire to say to lox’crs of Good Cigars, That I keep constantly on hand, of my own MANUFACTURE All the Grades in the market, and at as fair prices as can In? afforded in the city. I buy my tobacco in Eastern markets and am ready at all times to vouch for its quality. Dealers supplied at wholesale rates I have an immense stock of Cigar Holders and Pipes of every description; also Tobacco Pouches, Boxes, etc., Call and examine my stock, east side public square. 2d door south of Madison house, Oska loosa, loxva. 20 FURNITURE. Miller & iiarbach, Manufacturers and dealers in FURNITURE Burial Cases and Caskets UNDERTAKING DONE East room “Herald Block.” J. B. McCurdy & Co., FurniturE! Undertakers. Northeast corner square, Oskaloosa, lowa. HARDWARE ! AT New Sharon, lowa. Now in stock everything usually kept —in the— HARDWARE and , CUTLERY Line and more too. For the fall trade, particularly a large as- Nails, Glass, Putty, BUILDING PAPER. Hay Knives, Scoops, Stove Pipe and ElboTvs. Sheet Zinc for stoYe Boards, Weather Strips, best out, excluding Rain, Cold and DUSt. Steel Traps, Ammu tion, Sled-Sole3, and all kind 3 of Bolts, Rivets and Hardware. In fact, everything usually wanted by Farmers, Mechanics, Builders, or any bod}’, in the Hardware line. Prices low, and uniformly the same to all customers. HAM DI KE. H. T. WRIGHT. W. M. Wells, WEST SIDE SQUARE, MUSIC. Melodeons, Pianos, and Organs, May again be found at my Drug, Book, aud Music Store. lam prepared to supply the musical wants of this community on terms otjuul to Chicago. Boston, or New York, and Saving to you Freight. TERMS EASY. Call and examine my Stock. ALL INSTRUMENTS WARRANTED CIGARS. u full supply of <.f all kinds, Wooden and Motallh constantly on hand, dealers in OF AI.L KINDS. ALSO sortment nlo-in3. MUSIC. Dealer in OSKALOOSA, IOWA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1874. MILLINERY. Mrs. J. M. ORVIS, would resi>ectfully invite the attention of the ladies of Mahaska county to her large stock of MILLINERY , —and— Ladies' Furnishing Goods, Now opening, Oct. Ist, 1874. Also agent for the Domestic Paper Patents, and keep a large stoek on hand. 4(1 Northeast corner square, Oskaloosa. M rs - J. L. Moore, North side public square, has received her FALL and WINTER MILLINERY, AND Ladies’ Furnishing, AND Fancy Goods, and respectfully asks the ladies of Oskaloosa and vicinity to call and see them. New Style HATS and BONNETS. Ribbons, Lacey Velvets, Plumes, etc., etc., etc. Dress and Cloak Making. CUTTING and FBTTBMC a SPECIALTY. DRESS and CLOAK TRIMMINGS. Hair Goods and Hair Work done to order; old Switches and Curls renovated and hair add ed; Combings cleansed. Straightened and Rooted, same as out hair. Also agent for the sale of E. Butter iek.s fashionable patterns for garments for ladies, gentlemen, misses, boys and little children. Ev ery person who procures a pattern, re ceives with it minute instructions regard ing material and putting the garment together. Patterns sent to any address on re ceipt of price. S ; "Sond for Catalogue--Free. n6-3m DRY GOODS. Notions! Notions!! Splendid stock of Ladies 9 Ties, Ladies 9 Knit Sacks, Passieinenterie Trimming, Linen Collars and Cuffs, RUCHES, BELTS, Etc*, Etc*, The finest lot ol Ladies' Silk Ties to t>c found in the city and at very low prices. Ladies are especially invited to call and see our stock. C. T. Willard, AVest side square. BOOTS AND SHOES- E. M. Beatty, (Successor to Cyrus Bc-edt-) Is offering to tbo puMic a first-class stoc k of Boots and Shoes, Latest Styles, Ladies’ Gaiters, and Misses ana Children’s Wear. LABORERS’ GAITERS-^'inethingnew. Rubber Goods. LEATHER M FINDINGS. Custom made to made JSS A order. For the next ninety days all poods will be sold Very low for Cash, to make room'for the fall stock. Consult your own interests by pivinp me a trial. STORK ON NORTH SIDK SQI'.’RK. Low Prices Win! Haring just returned from market with an im mense stock of Clothing, Hats, Caps, Gents’ Furnishing Goods. TRUNKS, Boots and Shoes Ktc., Etc., We give the following reasons why you should Call and see us before you buy: Ist. Wc have as large a stock of goods as is kept in Central lowa. 2d. Wc buy for cash and get the Very Lowest Prices. 3d. We sell for Cash or its equivalent and can sell cheaper than those who sell on long credit. 0 4th. You will find our goods just as we represent them. sth. We will not be undersold. CALL AND SEE US. Yours truly, Lyman& Trask, GROCERIES. Bacon Bros., Are now permanently located in their NEW ROOM second door east of south-east corner of public square, where they expect to keep a full line of Staple and Fancy GROCERIES! Fine Teas made a SPECIALITY The increasing demand for the best brands of Japan and Oolong teas, have induced us to fur nish a better article in that line than is usually found in western groceries. Our price of teas range from 40 cents to $1.50 per pound, so that all classes can be accommodated. We have also a great variety of Spicl’s, Jellies, Canned Goods, etc. Remember the place, south side square. Mattison& Bro., wholesale and retail dealers in GROCERIES! Queensware, Glass, Lamps, Lamp-fixtures, Pocket and Table Cutlery, Notions, etc We have on hand a large stock of everything in our line, in xvnieli we do not propose to be undersold, Full set of Granite ware, 40 pieces, for $5.50. Canned Goods As cheap as the cheapest. nPEAS from the ffl cheapest to tlx* RER JL Call and examine our stock and prices. All kind of country produce taken in exchange for goods. CASH PAID FOR BUTTER and E6GS. High Street, West of square New Store! S. C. PURDY & CO. Just opened, a new and complete stock of Groceries, and Provisions. A full assortment of everything in our line nt our new store room on SOUTH SIDE OF SQUARE We defy. competition, As our goods wore bought on the market at the lowest cash price. Give us a call and we will try and make it an object for you to trade with us. Highest market price paid for country produce. Remember the place, south side square, ARCH FRONT DRY GOODS. OUR L9NE Dress Goods Very large and complete consisting in part of French Merinos, Cashmeres, Empress Cloths, Epangline Cloths, Swedish Serges, Pacific Poplins, Arlington Poplins. Marie Stuart Alpacca, Black Dress Silks. C. T. Willard, West side square. THE SEA. [An Bxtract.]. [Army and Navy Journal.] There is a charm übout the dang’rous sea. Which draws man to its rugged arms, As draws the polar star the compass to The North. Let him but taste the briny ocean once. Nor friends, nor home, nor gold can stay his xvild Desire to breast again its waves, to breathe its air. To brave its tempests, and to share its calm. To him the deep, with all its heartless wreck And ruin, is a thing of love. Its storms Ara playthings to his during heart; he sleeps Amid its foaming rage, as sleeps a child Upon some mossy bank, nor dreams of harm To happen, ere his day has come. To be Upon its billowy breast, sweetheart and wife, Mother and child, are left to weep and wait Through weary days, weeks, months and years and when At last, the longed for sailor comes, ’tis but To snatch one hurried kiss of love, a xvife’s em brace, A mother’s tear—then yield himself again To thiit strange 3pell which binds him tothesea. Again he tramps the vessel's deck ; climbs high Among its shrouds and sails, and feels again The white sea foam leap up to greet him with its rude embrace. His heart is strangely full. And all he has he gives to his best love. The sea —his youth, his manhood., and at last. Himself; then sweetly sleeps the long, strange sleep Of Death, in the old Ocean’s arms. Zurich, Switzerland. 8. if. M Bykrs, The rebel Gen. Marinaduke. who caus ed our army in Hackensack a great deal of trouble, and whose forces we met at least twice on the field of battle, is at Dr. Paul Caster's house in Ottuuiwa. The Democrat in speaking of him says: “The General accepts events as they are, especially since the recent elections, lie has the kindliest feelings to all soldiers of the North who fought honestly for their respective States and is as firmly at tached to the Union as any citizens within its borders.” Sam’s italic above explains the whole story. Especial?!/ since Marmaduke's rebel friends have carried the elections, is he friendly to the Union. As in 1861, they are f'rien Uv to the Union if they can control it. If not. then they will dismem ber it. rather than be in the minority. A GRANGE DEFAULTER. St. Louis, Nov. 20. —The Dispatch , of this city, lias information that is believed to be reliable that at a recent meeting of the State Grange, its Treasurer. C. 8. Quisenberry, being called on for the funds in his posession, amounting to twenty thousand dollars, confessed that they xvere invested in various ways and could not be realized. He raised four thousand dol lars cash, and since gave the Executive Board of the Grange deeds of trust on two farms, said to be worth eighteen thousand dollars, and has agreed to pay the whole amount by next July. It is be lieved that the Grange will not lose any thing. and that Quisenberry did not in tend to perpetrate a fraud. “What do you suppose the New York World means, in saying; "A large hody of unconstitu tional legislation has been put upon the statute hook by Congress u'itiiin the past ten years which must be repealed, nnd for ihe future this Action of Congress must be reversed in that particu lar.” 8o asks a subscriber. There can be no mistaking what it means. The declara tions admits of but one interpretation. ‘‘The unconstitutional legislation’’ refers to the reconstruction measures, which the National Democratic Convention of 18GG declared to be “unconstitutional, revolu tionary, null and void.” It means that if the Democratic party shall obtain control of Congress and the Executive it intends to repeal these measure? and re-open is sues which the country has supposed were forever settled.— Register. While the yard master of the K. k D. M., was making up a train a few days ago, lie thought it necessary to indulge in language more forcible than elegant, and a long-faced minister who happened to he passing at the time heard him. lie stop ped and commenced reproving the young man, when he asked the preacher. “Who in the h—ll are you?’’ To which the di vine replied: “I profess to be a follower of the Lord Jesus Christ.’’ The “total wreck straightened himself up and said: “Well, old man, you had better pass on, for that individual passed here eighteen hundred years ago, and you are a devil of a ways behind." The preacher gave the man up as lost and departed. “It’s all for political effect!” Of course, but how is it that these negro whippings and murders continue to be re ported after elections are over? In an other place we publish from the Louis ville Courier-Jour mil (Democratic) an ac count of whippings and shootings in Todd county, Kentucky. “Fourteen thousand people, ’ says the writer, “organized in all respects, permit kukluxing, midnight whippings, and indiscriminate shootings through the doors of negro cabins, to go on for half a year without a public pro test. And yet, “there arc no outrages in the south!”— lnter-Ocean. Wheat is improving, hogs are higher, there is plenty of money to buy, and with in the next sixty days over one hundred million dollars in good crisp greenbacks and national bank notes will he distributed among western farmers. Of this over twenty million of dollars has come or will come in lowa. This ought to loosen up things in lowa, and it will. When farm ers pay their hills, and set the money in motion, it will not stop till the whole body of trade is quickened.— Register. . The New York Tribune of Nov. 11th, 1807, has the following: The great Gorilla of tne Democracy is tilling the air with liis demoniacal howling, and beating liis breast like a tremendious drum, to express his savage joy over the first full meal he has had after years of enforced abstinence. Eat your till now, gorilla, for you will never "have another chance. llow strange that sounds beside of its present crowing over Democratic victories. Republican papers are saying that thc-ir party is licked, but so was Lazarus. The parallel doesn't end here. 'That party is just as rotten with corruption as was La zarus with sores.—Bloomfield Democrat. Carry the simile a little further neigh bor; tell what licked him.—Centerville Citizen. Among the Congressmen elected from South Carolina is Robert Smalls, the col ored steamboat pilot, who became famous during the war for running away with the boat of which lie was in charge, and tak ing her to the Union fleet off Charleston harbor. The Register says: “Under tho Dem ocratic victory gold is going up. But, at the same time, the wages of working men are everywhere going down. Explain it to the laboring men, Democrats. And here your grief begins.” The Dubuque Herald thinks the Re publican party, on the currency question, is “in a split-in-two position.” Exactly. But if you want to see something still splitter-in-two, just wait till the Demo cratic House tries to swallow the same bothersome mule.— Register. During the late season an individual walked up to a seaside hotel, and with a considerable flourish signed the book and exolaimed: “I’m Lieutenant Gover nor of .” “That doesn’t make any difference,” says the landlord, “you’ll be treated as well as the others." AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT CONTINUED. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. The following from a gentleman of high standing, in Mahaska county, meets our most cordial approbation; andwill, we think, if carried into practice, prove of great x’alue to our farmer friends; as questions of interest to them alone, are contempla ted. We hope this new feature of the Agricultural Department of the Herald will prove to be the best part, and in or der to make it so our farmer friends must “pitch in” and write questions and answers. We will leax-e it with the farm ersto answer the questions propounded in the following, believing it to be to their interest that we should do so; but if they should fail to some to the front in a rea sonable length of time, we will try our hand. We know there are many farm ers in the county who can answer these and similar questions, and we will expect them to do so. Match Chunk, Mahaska C'o., loxva Eh. Herald. —As numerous papers are devoting a department to questions and answers, and as such a department in our agricultural papers arc very valuable, would you not be xvilling to devote a part of your space to such a department ? Hav ing beta a reader of the Herald for ten years, and so far as I now can see, shall continue to be, I should be pleased with this addition to your department of the paper. Should this meet your views, I xx ould suggest, as a rule, that the questions should be confined to those subjects that immediately interest the farmers of Ma haska. Please answer the following: As the wheat crop is a full average in all the States, and largely in excess in some, for example, Ohio, she having the largest crop produced for fifteen years ; and as she is some sex en hundred miles nearer the eastern and foreign markets, sup plied from the Atlantic sea board, why is wheat commanding $1.59 there,while it is worth 55 to 60 cents per bushel here in loxva ? Would it he profitable to convert the sur plus wheat of Mahaska, from breadstuff, to meat; that is, feed to stock V Would you advise the soxving of the usual breadth of wheat next spring * if not, what would you recommend instead. Enquirer. The following from txvo valuable loxva newspapers, will we trust be taken as the candid expression of a very large propor tion, if not of a majority, of the people of the State, upon a question, as we think, of vital interest fix the actual agricultu rists of the country. There is no ques tion, in our mind, that the high premiums paid for trotting horses operate material ly against public morals, as intimated be low, as well as against the direct interests of practical agriculture. The following from the “Western Farm Journal,” is to the point: “orn agricultural fairs for 1875 The season is approaching when what ever of tone may be possessed by the fairs next year, will be gix'en then, by the ac tion of the officers in charge, at the meet ings to be held during the approaching winter. The question should be asked, in all candor, by the men xvlio shape our ani mal exhibitions, how much real benefit have these fairs been to practical agricul ture? The intent of the laws passed to en courage agriculture, there is no mistaking. This appears upon the face, u embodied in the title of every act. The appropria oion made by our Legislature, having only inview the encouragement of agriculture within our State, were made, not expect ing that these appropriations would go very far toward paying the necessary pri zes and expenses, but merely to form a “nucleus,” around which would accumu late a larger fund, from sale of admission tickets, etc. Hence the fund received from these sources, going iuto the com mon treasury with the other is as much the fund of the people as that received from the state treasury, and should be as jealoeslv guarded and as judiciously ex pended. The claim sometimes very improperly set up, that the managers were at liberty to pay S3OO or SSOO to three or four third class trotting geldings, not in them selves in anj’ way identified with agricul tural practice or agricultural improve ment, but owned by sporting men, who are the antipodes—or under all practical considerations might as well be— of the men who hold the plow or shove the plane, is a claim of no real force, prop erly considered, and should he over-rul ed. There is a class of men who are übiqu itous, and turn up at fair time as regu larly as chickens seek their roost at night, who have no interest in common with the farmers, and whose lessons are not such as orderly citizens desire to place before their sons, lienee, many stay away, and as a .rule, those who stay away for the reasons hinted at, agricultural societies can illy afford to spare. When the idea of establishing fairs was first conceived, and the law's were first passed to aid in building them up, the intent was well understood by all. They were intended as schools, in agricul ture and mechanics; as occasions where farmers and their families could meet and compare notes, and enter into honor able competition, competing against each other in the production of farm stock, soil products, and the handy work of the household. These, with the products from the w’ork shop, were intended to make up an occasion in every way suited to edify and instruct, and in no conceiva ble way to lower the standard of public morals, nor to detract attention from use ful pursuits, hut rather to rivet attention upon them. Fast horses, slow mules, the click of the bell to “go,” the rattle of wheels, dust and runaways, are modern innovations, not known of in the agricul tural nor family vocabulary. The annual coming together of intiner ent horse and show men, does not cover the entire ground of complaint. Politi cians take advantage of these gatherings, take up the time and divert attention from the main business. This should be discouraged by the officers. And in short, in planning for the fairs of 1875, we sub mit, whether it is not high time that the just causes of complaint on the part of the farmers and the local press through out the west, be removed, by suppressing thimble riggers, and the thousand and one noisy leeches who prey upon the pub lic under the garb of showing monstrosi ties, sleight of hand, etc., and by offering the most liberal prizes to useful depart ments in agriculture, mechanics, and the household, and the lesser ones to those things upon which the general prosperity the least depends, but which on the other hand address themselves to the buffoon, and to a perverted public taste." The subjoined, from the Agricultural Department of the lowa State Register is “true as preaching,” and if not heeded will soon be felt. Will such warnings be disregarded? “The largely increasing interest in county fairs, and the still more attractive expositions iu the large cities, are telling seriously on the iuterest and peouuiary success of State fairs. They are assum ing too much the features of the race ESTABLISHED 1850. course, to the neglect of the great indus trial interests. The fact cannot and should not be concealed that the agricul tural iairs are educating all our sons for a taste for the race course as injurious to morals and industry as the card table.” THOROUGHBKED SWINE. Mr. Alexander Charles writes in refer ence to this subject, in the Swine and Poultry Journal, as follows: The theory has been advocated, and the practice has clearly demonstrated, that it is impracticable for the general farmers of the country to become breed ers of fine, or properly speaking, thorough bred stock, with the idea of disposing of it at fancy prices. There may be many reasons ascribed for this, the principle of which is that it takes more time and more capital to start than most of them are in circumstances to afford, to say nothing of it 3 being a profession which requires more study and experience than most of them can give. The breeding of any of the improved breed of swine is, however, quite different from horses, cat tle or sheep, and we are convinced that every farmer of the country can become a breeder of thoroughbred swine, and make it a remunerative business. Some may say, we cannot all sell them at fancy prices, which is very true, neither do they need to do so to make it profitable. The man who buys a short-horn cow at SI,OOO must necessarily sell her calf at SBOO or S4OO, or the investment will not be a pay ing one. Such an animal will produce only one calf in a year. The case is quite different with swine. A farmer at the present day can buy a pair of thoroughbred hogs ready to breed, of any of our imported breeds, at from SBS to SSO per pair, and with ordinary’ success will produce twelve or fifteen pigs during the year. Thus it is to be seen t . : he only has to sell them at $1.50 or $2 to be making as much on the capi tal invested as the fancy breeder who is purchasing cattle and horses at SI,OOO each, and disposing of the product at SSOO per head. Then it is at once appar ent to all that the above prices are not as much as can be realized for the com n.o i seiuh hogs of the <ountry at two or three mouths oil. Then should he find difficulty in disposing of them at that age. it will pay him three fold, to keep them to twelve or fifteen months of age, at which time they will be hogs weighing upwards to three hundred pounds, which are worth from one-half to two cents more per pound, than the scrub hogs brought to market. We ask the careful attention of the readers to this matter; we are not writing from a theatrical stand point, but from practice of what we write, knowing that such are daily occur rences. These being the facts why will so many of our farmers presist in keep ing a stock of hogs so well known as Prairie Hooters? Some may say they cannot afford to buy the stock to start with. This excuse will hold good only in a few cases, while the prices of all our im proved breeds are so low. The experi ence of all who have tried it fully attent that the use of thoroughbred males in horses, cattle, sheep or swine, is one of the best paying investments they can enter in, and if it is so in cattle, then it must be doubly so in swine, and if those who do not believe in thoroughbreds will use thoroughbred males of any of the improv ed breeds on their common stock of cows, it will soon show a marked improvement that will in a very short time pay many hundred per cent, on the investment. Surely no objection in regard to cost can be raised from pursuing this course while the best breeders of the country are of fering choice males from sls to $25 each. FASSETT’S AUTOMATIC BINDER. This season, two or more reaping ma chines with automatic sheaf binding at tachment, have been tried on the harvest fields. The most successful one is the invention of Mr. N. B. Bassett, of this city. We are informed that the machine alluded to in the following extracts, taken from the Davenport (Iowa) Democrat , will be on exhibition at the coming St. Louis fair: A public test of the merits of the new self reaper and binder took place at the farm of Mr. James Dyer, in l’lcasant Val ley, Scott county, seven miles north-west of Davenport, which was witnessed by a large number of farmers of this county, who all joined in admitting that the ma chine docs its work more thoroughly and better than any machine yet brought to their notice. The machine was first set up on the farm of B. Brichard, in a field of barley which was erimpled and very badly down, the ground very hilly. Very few of the self-rake reapers coul l have gone through the field and raked off the grain so that it coni 1 be decently bound by hand, and few wool 1 think of putting a self-rake reaper int > such a field, but would cut it with a mowing machine. This was the binders fir.-t field, and when a spaa of horses was hitched on, and ever, thing got in readi ness, the team walked right along up hill and down, the reaper cutting, the rake raking and the binder binding, and drop ing off each sheaf in a manner truly won derful, convincing at once those who had always thought that a self binder was an impossibility. The machine was driven several times around the field, consisting of about six acres, and when the sheaves were shocked up, the ground was left much cleaner than would have been done had it been done by hand. As the rake had not been used before in such badly erimpled straw, there was at first a little trouble with it, but in a little time it was adjusted to meet the requirements—its performances exceeded the most sanguine expectations. It was next taken to a field of wheat on the farm of S. P. Stacy, con sisting of three acres. The ground was a steep knoll, and it went around the field and up and down and sidling, thus sub jecting the machine to all the various positions and it performed its work to the satisfaction of all present. It also made eight rounds on a field of bearded wheat of six acres, and the time having arrived, the machine was removed to the farm of James Dyer, where a public test had been announced. It was first put to work in a field of oats, starting where the oats were very green, weedy and badly lodged. At the request of Mr. Dyer, the machine was allowed to work without bin ding. The oats were raked off equal to the best self-rake. The twine was put in, and the oats bound to our entire satisfac tion, many carrying sheaves home with them to show to their friends. Seventeen of the best farmers in the neighborhood who witnessed the working of the binder, signed the report, from which the foregoing statement is taken. HOUSEHOLD HINTS. Pure, soft water is the best of all blood purifiers. It dissolves almost every im purity that finds its way into the blood, and passes it off through the skin, lungs kidneys, thus washing out the blood with out those chemical changes and deposits which are often apt to arise from the ac tion of drugs. Why theu use doubtful, dangerous, and often injurious drugs for purifying the biood when pure, simple, safe, pleasant, and far more effectual water may be had without money and without price? A hot lemonade is one of the best re medies in the world for a cold. It acts promptly and effectively, and leaves no unpleasant feelings. One lemon proper ly sqeezed, cut in slices, put in sugar, and The Weekly 'Oshalcosa Hbraid is by far the Best Advertising Medium n Oskaloosa, having a weekly circulation of 2,000 COPIES most of which are to persons Ih Mahaska county. Our facilities for Book and Job Work Are as good as tho demand* of the plaoa wil warrant, and work done ou as reasonable terms as at any office. covered with a half pint of boiling water. Drink just before going to bed, and do not expose yourself on the following day. This remedy will ward off an attack of the chills and fever if used promptly. All bulbs that bloom in the spring— snowdrops, crocus, narcissus, hyacinth, ®t®.y—must be planted in September. Hanging a broom in the cellar-way will keep it from becoming stiff and bard.— Hoplacing furniture as we sweep saves much disorder and confusion. If there is rust on your flat-iron, or other roughness, put some fine salt on a board, rub it rapidly while warm until it moves smootlhy. The fumes of a brimstone match will remove berry stains from a book, paper or engraving. If you wish to make a nail drive easily and last long without rusting, dip it into melted grease first. This is excellent for fencing and other exposed work. The following extract shows that the Short Horn cattle are still of some value in England; but this sale does not come up, in a pecuniary sense, to several re cent sales in this country: “At his recent Short Horn sale in Eng land, the Earl of Bective, realized a total of nearly SIOO,OOO. Forty cows and heif ers, and fifteen bulls were sold. The av erage price per head was over SI,BOO. The highest price paid, was 1,220 guineas, for a Cherry Duchess heifer. We are indebted to the ‘‘Phrenological Journal," of New York, for the following suggestions in the selection of a good milk “Points ok a Good Cow.—A writer in the North-western Farmer gives the fol lowing hints to those about purchasing milking stock: A crumply horn, full eye, head small and short, dished face, that is sunk between the eyes, skin soft and loose, deep from the loin to the udder, and very slim tail.” Educational Department. EDITED BY E. O. TABER. What n Teacher Should and Should Not lie. The School Superintendent of Dodge county, Wig., (Mr. L. M. Benson,) en closes a copy of the following in each certificate he issues: A TEACHER SHOULD Labor diligently for self-improvement. Thoroughly understand what he attempts to teach. Prepare himself for recitation, ltequire prompt and exact obedience. Call on pupils promiscuously, as a rule. Ask the most important questions, though not found in the book. Teach both by precept and example. Manifest an active interest in the studies of his pupils. Make the school-room pleasant and attractive. Make few rules except this one—do right. Avoid governing too much. Let his pupils see he means what he says. Take good care of his health. Teach the subject not mere words. Visit the schools of others. Head some good educational journal. Attend teachers' meetings. Have complete control over himself. Keep up good courage if right, even when strongly oppoged. A TEACnER SHOULD NOT Talk much or very loud. Promise what he cannot perform. Threaten for anticipated offences. Be hasty in work or action. Punish when angry. Speak in a scolding, fretful manner. Be late at school. Attempt to teach too many things at a time. Ise a hard word when an easy one will do quite as well. Let his pupils see that-they can vex him. Let a known fault go unnoticed. Speak evil of others, or magnify small offences. Ise (when well) stimulating food or drink. Put off till to-morrow what ought to be done to-day. Trust to another what he should do him self. Believe all reports without investigation. Indulge in vulgarity or profanity. Encourage tale bearing. Be weary in doing well. A. Y. School Journal. BOW THIMBLES ARE MADE. The manufacture of thimbles is very simple, but singularly interesting. Coin silver is mostly used, and is obtained by purchasing coin dollars. Hence it hap pens that the profit of the business!is affected instantaneously by all the varia tions in the nation's greenback promises to pay. The first operation strikes the novice as almost wicked, for it is nothing else than putting a lot of bright silver dollars, fresh from the mint, into dirty crucibles, and melting them up into solid ingots. These are rolled out to the re quired thickness, and cut up by a stsfinp into circular pieces of any required size. A solid mettle bar of the size of the £in side of the intended thimble, moved by powerful machinery up and down in a bottomless mould of the outside of the same thimble, bends the circular disks in to the thimble-shape, as fast as they can be placed under the descending bar.— Once in shape, t' e I work of brightor ing, polishing and decorating is done upon a lathe. First, tbe blank form is fitted with a rapidly revolving rod. A single touch of a sharp chisel takes a thin shav ing from the end, another does the same on the side, and a third rounds off the rim. A round steel rod, dipped in oi» and pressed upon the surface, gives it a lustrous polish. Then a little revolving wheel whose edge is a raised ornament, held against the revolving blank, prints that ornament just ouside the rim. A second wheel prints a different ornament around the centre, while a third wheel with sharp points makes the indentations on the lower half and end of the thimble. The inside is brightened and polished in a similar way, the thimble being held in a revolving mould. All that remains to be done with the completed thimbles is to boil them in soapsuds, to remove the oil. brush them up, and pack them for the trade. — Exchange. The Deepest Well in the World. At about twenty miles from Berlin is situated the village of Sperenberg, not ed for the deepest well that has evei been sunk. Owing to the presence of gypsum in the locality, which is at a mod erate distance from the capital, it occurred to the government authorities in charge of the mines to obtain a supply of rock salt. With this end in view, the sinking of a well or shaft 16 feet in diameter, was commenced some five years ago, and, at a depth of 280 feet, the salt was reached. The boring continued to a fur ther depth of 900 feet, the diameter of the bore being reduced to 13 inches.- The operations were subsequently prose cuted by the aid of steam, until a depth of 4194 feet was attained. At this point the boring was discontinued, the borer being still in the salt deposit, which thus exhibits the enormous thickness of 3907 feet