The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume], January 14, 1859, Image 1

About The Jeffersonian Democrat. [volume] (Chardon, Ohio) 1854-1865

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differ soman
owe
J. 0. CONVERSE, Proprietor.
51 lUcckts Xtnicpaycr, Bcootcft to tljc Disflciniiiatioifof Republican tJrinciM education, (Dcmpcraiur, Cttcratttrf, avifulturc, fiiii) tlje JTtwo of tl;c Pan.
TERMS $1,50 per Annum.
oar ra 1 11
VOL. X., NO. 2.
CIIARDON, GEAUGA
COUNTY, OHIO, FJUDAY, JANUARY 11, 18.50.
WHOLE NO., 470. '
C.je Jeffcrsontaii Democrat
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CHARD 05, Geauga County, Ohio,
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itlon, meet tide of the I'ubiic Stiuart.
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LIST OF PUBLIC OFFICERS
00
H01tCR WILDER...
DA1UJ.4 CIVKUj-.
PETE'l HlTOUC'XJiC"
M.C. C WFIKI.U
E. O. WtllTK
W.M. N. KBENY
C. C. FIRM)
H. N. Si'ENCER
U.C. I.UDI.OW
II. K. SMITH
J. S. Ct.FWfi'.VMl---
A. B V'ITIjE r r
K AUKH GOULD
J.H.WI'IUIA)
J. V. WHITNEY,
R. E. DKNTON,
J. V. WIIITN'I'.Y
MARSH SMITH
B. B. Wi)(OlIUIlY"
s. C: Dot'ta.vss,;
azr mvxly, J
'A. RICHMOND.
District Jmlpe
, Senator.
Representative
Probate Jul?e
ShenlT.
Clerk.
Auditor.
Treasurer.
lie corder.
Proa. Attorney.
Coroner.
Surveyor.
Auctioneer.
School Examiners.
Commissioners.
Directors of Infirmary.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
' W.oT F 0 E E I S T ,
ATT O R NE Y AT LAW.
NOTICE. The undersigned, having
wiiihiiawn frum the firm of "Durlee, Korrist
At. Hathaway." has opened an olliee in the suit ol
rooms formerly occupied by "Korrist it. Hatha
araf," immediately over the Store ol WilkuuuV.
Jto3Sey,Cliardon, O .where he may at all limes be
fiund by his old clients and by all others who niny
dsiire his assistance us an Attorney and Solicitor.
A continuance of furmir confidence and business
U resentfully solicited. W .O. lOll Kin I
October 3d ih, 1807.
408 tf
H. K. SMITH,
. ri.MiKi.v i r LAW Office wilh W
J O. FurrUi. tinmoiiatcly over
Aft iun.,1., ' - - , , c
: ... Iit. I. u.i tli SI..I-A nt
Wilkinsifc K.dley.
C lardon, A;til 1. 18-9.
37tf
D. W. CXSV IEL.O,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, will practice in all the
Courts of Record in this and adjoining c 'unties.
-Jrfico directly over the Sturo-ol Kcxlurti &
Canficld. Cha'rdon, O 41,1 '?
WTT.TTIWS & KELLEV,
General dealers in l.'mcerics. llnrcworc, Dye
Stuffs, rTour, Fish, Yankee Notions, j-c,
Store, Union Block. Ckarduu, Ohio.
L. PATCH,
DENTIST,
w
ILL be in CUardan on the first Tuesday ol
each month. Koom atuaie iimci.
DE. T. H. SWEENEY,
nOMfflOPATIIIST,
CIIARDON, OHIO.
4 jo 3m
Mv lltH I9.
CITY HOTEL,
ihe-
PUOI'IUEXOU.
b
S2, 81, 26, Sanoca Street, North,
Ohio.
IIUAIKAItU fc Ul UUIOCE,
-ngravcrs, Lithographers, and
CI
nB k MtttD fvjk aa
IR,
alernld nioik.Clevclniid. Ohio.
KLI BKUCC. ,,..
TORNEY AND COUN.SEL'JR-AT-LAW,
an.ion Aent and Notary Public, Olhce in ilia
lilill Ueaur lunuiiii,
r Particular attention paid I Pension Clj
January 7. lH5i
46,-4w
E. CREIQHTON,
Book Blndsi and Blank Book Manufacturer
,,.11.11 BUlLUlNd. CLEVKLANU, OHIO.
fc-Bluiik books Kuled and Uound to Order Old
. . , , i ill ui.,rli Warrnniprl.
BOOKS uawuiiu. .fc..
patent Office Agency.
rpHE Subscribers transact tor Inventorrand
J. others any buainessrelating to UaveaiPal
ants, or thePaient Laws.
No. 4, P. O-Uuildings .Cleveland, O.
W.U.UuaaiDoi. Ju Urainaio
March 16.1852.
T
UBE PAINT
for sale by
COOK it HAMILTON.
E
XTRl UOI.DEN AND IMPERIAL
SYitUPd, by
Nov. 1 WILKIN'S 4t KELLEY
THE DEir TEA FOR 4a., warranted
to aui L, -
Nor. 18 WILKIN'S & K LLEY.
WANTED. Shosp Pelts.Grain, Dutetr, Rags,
and Cheese, for which we will pay the
klfhesl market price,
4ov. i
WILKINS &. KELLEY.
a URGE Assortmfnt of TRUNKS, VAL
A IdtJS and FANCY HAT and liO'NET
tXXFi. on hand by .
SveAi. WltKINSe KELLEY.
WASH TUBS PAIM, WOOD HOWLS
POTATOE MASHERS, RO L LING
PINS,- MOP STICKS. BROOMS, CLOTHES
PINS, BUTTER STAMPS and LADLES, con
stantly on hand by
Hoi. It WILKINS i. KELLEY.
A GOOD AssortmentorLADIES DOMESTIC
. CALF BOOTEES, warranted to suit, by
Nov. U WILKINS Sc. KELLEY
w
UITE FISH by the lb or half-barrel, hv
Mo. 13 vviL.h.no at n.L.L.r.i
MORTGAGE DEEDS Just printed
at this Office, Mortgaeo Deeds suitable
ttornoys to attach to foreclosures; also, a large
4JUMU4 kf UM MB f Uj WiUWva litDt
THE
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE
FELLOW CITIZENS OF THE SENATE
AND OF THE IIOCSE OF REPRESEN
TATIVES: At tlio commnnenmont of your regular
lefsinn a year ngn, I Irunsiniitod to you in
nhtuliunco to tho Constitution, n full e'xpnsi
tion of tho inoriil condition of tlio Stnto,
tngijtlier witli such recommendations In res
pect to legislation, na tho public good seem
ed (o mo to require
In thai communication I nndeavored to
set in a clour light tlio industrial progress,
tho material resources nnd tho financial
ktrenglli of our grout commonwonltli. It
seems not inappinpriuto, now, buforo pro
ceeding to inr.ro special statements and par
ticular suggestions, to submit to you snmo
general views of our sncinl condition, as af
fected by other elements than those to which
I thou iuvited your attention.
SOCIAL CONDITION.
Sovcnly ono years ngn wlnit is now Ohio
was an unbroken wildfinesf. Seventy jeais
ago tho work of Ainericun uivilimtinu with
in lier limits wnsjust begun by tho sottlo
ments ut Mariettn and Cincinnati.' Fifty
lour years ngn slio bucamu a Sluto of the
American Union. Her subsequent aociul
progress has been a sublime triumph. To
day a powerful cnmmonwoiilih, numbering
Hourly two millions nnd n hull of people, ex
ists upon her soil, with unsurpassed otierejos,
lesourcos, agencies of development, und
mentis of bappiuuss. From tiiu eminence
itlreudy reached wu survey, with confident
ruliuuco upon tho fuor of Diviuo I'rovidunco
and tho inspiration of Free Institutions, tho
loftier heights yet to ho attained.
Prominent among the elements which do
tormino sociul condition, is the numerical
udvanco or decline of population. Tho rule
and character of this movement, in tho ab
sence of u census, limit bn gnthurud from
thu number of mut riuges.of bit ths.of deaths,
of immigrnnts,of omigiunts and of now hab
itations For ascertaining tho number ol
thesu with reasonable certainty, suflluient
meuns aro supplied by State and Federal
'legislation. According to tlio estimates of
tlio Commissioner ol .Statistics, tho mar
r:Ogos in Ohio during 1 858 wore 24.000; the
deaths 45,000; tho births 80,011(1; tho nut
utilizations .000 ; tho now structures 10.000
Tho incrcaso by births, according to this es
timate, is 85 000 annually, and tho yearly
immigration from loreign countries and
other Suites is estimated to exceed tho year
ly emigration by 20. 000 ; giving an nigro
gatu increase ol CI. 000 annually, or 440.000
in eight years. Tho new structures, allow
ing six persons for each, indicate nearly thu
fiiino raio of progreFs. Tho population of
Ohio in 1850 was 1.0S0 323, and isnow.it
tho estimate, just relet red to, bo correct
2,420.329.
Tho torcmost concern of an intelligent
and prosperous people is Public Instruction.
Tho mind of every community is tho mo
tive power of its udvancumuiit ; und the
mcasuro of its education Is practically thu
measure- of production and ol all siibstnn
tint procrcr-9. In Ohio, tho Constitution
wisely requires tho General Assembly to so
euro a thorough und eliicieut system of
Common Schools throughout tho State.
Tho honor of the first uct in fulfillment ol
duty thus enjoined, belongs to tlio Legisla
ture of 1832 3. That Legislature morgan
izud Common School Education in Ohio. It
does not ut all detract from tho honor justly
duo to it, to sav thot much hnd been done
by previous legislation and tho intelligent und
zoalous labors ol tlio nisi euno suiiorintun
dent and tho Stutu touchers' Association, to
prepare th'o way for tho comprehensive ami
beneficent measures then n Inptod under
which tho Common .Schools of Ohio have
attained thuir present stato of cxcc-llouco
and usefulness.
A brief comparison between tho condition
of our Common Schools the year before this
enactment and ut tho present time, will il
lustrate, in sumo degree us happy cllects.
EDUCATIONAL.
.
for
Tho number of Common Schools in 1853
was 5.0S-1 ; in 1858, 12.500; tho number ot
youths over five years of ago and under
twontvone ouumeruied in 18i3 was 800.782.
in 185H, 843,840 ; tho jouth unrolled us at
tending school III 1853, 358.417; ill 1858,
6JD.343 ; tho nvorugo number in daily nt-
tendance III lb53 was "i l.IDh ; in lSo8,.o$j.
8G3 : tho number of teachers employed in
1S53 was 13.664 ; in 185S, 10 8,3; the
amount paid teachers in 1353 was 800,l4.r,
00; in H5S, iil,975 8i!2 ; the number nf
school houses in 1853 was 0 850 ; in lH.jS.
10 4!)'; tho vuluo ot school bouses in I8o3
was estimated at d,000,000 ; in 1859, ut
3.840,420.
These figures exhibit a gratifying pro
gress; but they by no moans furnish a com
plete view of our educational condition.
Thuro hus been a constant and rapid pro
gress which figures cannot measure. The
ebaracter and condition nf our school houses
and school rooms has boon greatly bettered
thu standard ol qualification tor teachers ail
v.inred : tho methods of teaching improved;
the range and scope ol instruction enlarged
and tho results, in acquisition und capacity,
larentv aucmeiltoil.
A great educational work is prosecuted,
also. nuiBido of tho Common Schools. The
Collegos nod Female Seminaries in thu Sluto
send lortli yearly numerous young men unu
women to luke up ami curry forward, in
various dorinruvonts, mo worn oi moral, so
cial and pnlilicul improvement. During tho
past year I attended tho Commencements
.. r.' f.tl.m,, US WHS f 11-1141 it'll.
Ol ua umiiy ti, ,mu - r
bin nnd was erutifiod to observe tho mark
ed nbility und piolle'ency displayed by the
grad uutes.
It is to bo regretted that the requirements
for admission una too course oi inbii uciiou
sr. aroailv in these colleges and semin
aries ) and I would suggest thu expediency
of establishing by luw some ciusbiucuuoii
theso iiiBtitutiom, and somo edtica'.lunal
stundurila to which universities, colleges und
seminaries shall bo required respectively
conform, in the admission, instruction ami
graduation of studoulB, us conditions of in
corporation. besides theso colleges and seminaries,
there nro many schools, corresponding
general character with our common schools,
but sustaiuod by denominational or privute
rcsourcc3, in which u large number ot youth
roceivo instruction,
I regret that I havo no moans of nscortain
Inc tho number of theso various educational
institutions, tho number nf their teachers,
Cudonti or pupils; or tnoir scnomes ot In
struction; or their rosulty; and respectful
ly suggest the expediency of such legislation
us will secure the cojleaiion of this informa
tion, so essential to full understanding
the condition of our population ia this im
portant roepect. , ,
it will not escane vour observation that.
while ibo Mtuttl progroii and condition
our Common Schools may well gratify and
encnurago the friends of popular education,
there yet re mains a work to bo accomplish
ed which imposes grave responsibilities and
must needs excito earnest solicitude. The
hnln nn.nl.nr r vnnlh fih .nhn,.l . r.a
has boon alroadv elated, is 843 MO.whllo iho
number onrolled isflliy 343.making thonuin-
her not enrolled 234.4U7. Tho tlisnaritv bo
tweoti tho whole number and tho number,
355,803. in daily attendance, is more strik
ing. Tho difference is 4S"jy77. Making
every allowance for tho number tnuglit in
privuto or deiioiiiinulinnal schools, there
must still remain n considerable number
who attend no school nt all, while of those
who do not absent themselves altogether, a
very largo proportion nttond so irregularly
or for such brief periods thut they derive
little benefit from it.
Next to this absenteeism, tho most seri
ous hindrance to the prosperity of tlxi Com
mon Schools is the want of a sullicient num
ber of well qualified teneheis. Not a few
indeed of our teachers possess eminent qual
ifications for their responsiblo office. To
such wo own not only many excellent dis
trict fchnols.but also tho High Schools whirh
adorn many of our cities and town, anil af
lord opportunities for education which
would have been sought in vain h few years
ago in most of our Academies and Colleges.
A very largo number, however, are extreme
ly deficient both in knowledge und in that
ability to teach which mere knowlcdgo can
never givo.
The correction r.f Iheeo cs, io far ns
may be practicable, is your duly , und will
be, I trust, your pleasure und your honora
ble distinction.
The best means, in my judgment of secur
ing tin adequate number of good teachers,
aro tho establishment of Normal Sohnola
and tho encouragement of Teachers' Insti
tutes. I ventured to suggest lust year the
organization of a Normal Department in
one or belli our State Universities. More
imiiicdiato and perhaps moio valuable re
sults would probably bo obtained from the
establishment of ilireo or lour Normal School
in different districts nf thu State, giving tho
preference within each district to tlio city
or town which would provide tho best build
ings fur the purpose without cost to the
Slate. Provision has already been made
by law for tho encouragumunt nf Teachers'
Institutes. but it ia uuceriaiu and inadequate,
I recommend tint direct appropriation of an
adequate Bum to bo puid.on compliance with
proper conditions, upon the certificate of
the Ktntu Commissioner.
'I'li.i imliB,..,nsi.lit.i neeossilv nf sni.m-lnrr
general, regular and continued attendance
in school is universally acknowledged. With
out this llii) great object of tho common
schools, namely, a good education for every
child in the State, fuila of accomplishment.
The Federal Census of 1850 exhibited the
fact that over thirty-five thousand persons
iu Ohio, twenty years old und upward, were
unable to road or write. This number was
about ono in seventeen nf all tho peoplo ol
the same age. If wo reflect that besides
those totally illiturato persons, there is a
large number whoso oducation hardly ruises
them to a higher level, wo shall attain some
just conception of the importance of ade
quate provision for universal attendance.
Wo must not bo satisfied wbilo ono person
capable of instruction remains untaught or
ill taught. No means seem bolter ndupted
to lecuio attendance, awakon interest nnd
quicken effort in the attainment of knowl
edge than frequent visits.addresses and con
versations by properly qualified officers id
the Stato. 1 he law recognizes the value ol
this agency in requiring the State Cnmmis-1
sinner to dovnto a pnriioii of bis time to
such labors. Dot it is obvious that tho thor
ough discharge of tho other duties imposed
mi him is quito incompatible with eliicieut
labors el this kind. I suggest, therefore,
i hat he bo nuthmizod to employ one or morn
competent agents to visit every township
and urgo upon parents, toaohors and chil
dren, the duties essential to tho highest ef
ficiency of our schools. This plan has been
adopted elsewhere with the happiest effects.
If adopted here, wo need lint tenr the dis
closures of any future census ; or doubt thai
our svBlom of Common Schools, already re
garded ns a model for imitation by oilier
States, will vindicate, by pertect success, its
claims to admiration and honor.
While wo may reasonably hope that tho
illiterate as a class will soon disappear from
our socioty. no such pleasing expectation
can bo indulged in respict to I hit lurgo por
tion ol tlio community whom delect mm .lis
oaso in mental or physical organization ren
der proper objects of public care, und whose
number and relation to societv constitute
another clement of our social condition,
which must ongago your nntico.
BENEVOLENT ASYLUMS.
;
;
its
oi
to
in
of
of
Tho benevolence of tho Slate hai alreadv
provided three Asylums fur tho Insauo.wliich
havo cost for grounds und cnusti uctinn about
$474,000, and nro sustained at an annual
expense ol if'JO 000, excluding charges pro
perly belonging to i bo account of construc
tion and inierest. The cost of tho Northern
and Ceiiliul Asylums hus been about $153.
0(10 on., that of the Southern ubnut I?1GS.000.
Tho actual vuluo of the Central Ateyluui
now probably more than double that
oithor of Iho others.
In thoBO Asylum thorn wore at tho
ginuing of tho last year, 008 inmates ;
thoro were received during tho year 414
making tho whole number of participants
in their benefits !H2 j tbeiu wero discharged
412 : there died 43 ; and (here remained
tlio commencement of tho current year 670
Of thosu diBchai L'od, 240 had been restored
to sanity, and 35 decidedly improved.
nvorngt) expense of each liimutu was about
158.
'Iho Central Asvlum will accommnnato
250 inmates, tlio Northern 150. nnd
Southern 160. lvich has been filled to
extent of its capacity. Another Asylum
in progress of construction in Hamilton co
. '.i. .1,.. r... ...I'll,.,.!'..
lor IHO lecepiioii i'l ...w .o.,iv ..,. v
only. After lis completion und opening,
thu County will ennstituto tho South-Wont-urn
Asvlum District.
Tho number of insano in Ohio, according
to the census of 1850 was 1,303. 1 his num
ber was doubtless, understated. 1 am satis
fied that tho nrenent number is not less than
two thousand. The Superintendent of
Central Asylum thinks it tines not lull short
of throe thousand. Tho urgumenli which
establish tho dutt of some provision
somo of tho insano. renuire doubtless ade
quate provision for all. Several plans
such too vision have been suggested. One
contemplates tho enlargement of ono
more of the existing Asylums ; another pro
pose! to provide for Iho support and treat
ment of tho insane in the County Infirma
ries wbilo a ihiid.not necessarily excluding
tho otbors, suggests tho enactniont of n law
lor the establishment and regulation of pri
vuto Asylums, in which a largo portion
the Insane would be provided for bv their
friend without charge to the Suit. I bare
'
i
'
if
ot
bo-
ami
nt
Tho
tin
the
is
,
tho
for
lor
or
of
no hesitation 4.n recommending thn teg.sln-
tion contemplated by this latter suggestion. ,
Tho Information nccossarv to a well t-rniind.
ed choice between the nilu-r pinna is not yet
; Mceossible. Mv Imnressiiin is il..n il, l,,.i
will ..,.- ......I .. 7 . . " . .. . .
ro.,1, if I .r,.., .. .V. . ,7V 7, ..
Soutli-Western Asylum and llin enactment
oi njiiiiicious law inr rrivato Asylums citli-
A s v 1 ii
er sunn uo iniini necessary.
The condition of the Idmtic, equally with
that of tho Insano, must engage the atten
tion of tho philanthropi.-t and statesman.-
A few years ago Ibis hapless class seemed
beyond reach of effectual relief. Recently,
liowvver.nttempti to rescue them from the'ir
apparently hopeless condition, havo been
crowned by rei-ults which inspire hope and
encourage perseverance. The judicious hu
manity of iho Inst General Assembly iunti
unrated a astcmaiio plan for their instruc
tion and Improvement, which has boon so
far executed under vour utispices, thut ulti-
i.n i p .
mato . tuccijiS no lurgnr doubtf ul It '
not, indi'cd. to t ixiu-cUm! that tho ii .otic
, , i. l.ii
cun lin Ployutiwl In ntiv liiirh JfTtri. .f .ii.tiM.
i..k. ;.t . .
- - ' .
Oil to earn Inoir nsii siil.ui.f. ,,,... ...... .,.
ly nil can bo trained to habit? of neatness
and propriety. Tho wholo number of idiots
L"..." e?'n' roa.onably estimated at about :
. ., .. . .
9 one. iir ii...... r.m, .
. , . ' , r "c 10 I
W fm
mo commencement 01 I i tin-sent venr li:.
. . , :
,!,, . 1 , . '
tlierowero received during tho present vour:
j; inero wero UiBChargoiI G ; there aro lib-
Bent o : mo niiinner umlor instruct on nt
tlio eommoncemoiit of the present year, was
zt ; i nu ave
rage number maintained at the
State's expense, 20. Tho expense- of the
year, excluding tho cos, of ,,'ormanent im-
"V in., i . "Ul,,,.t" '- 1 e aver
npo nunuul exeensn nt ...... i,.i...l ...... &i u
IVI,.. .1... r..,,1. . 7, "
....., inn, mo uiiuuui ex
nmiBn nf ...... I. ......II ...III I r - .
i"-- ....i ..in ue in course less,
and will not n 1 il.n - i. '
other Asylums. The question of the per-!
...... ...I, loiiooioeoi nun location o toe
institution Bliuuld be promptly ilucidud. If
decided uflirinaiively, provision slinuld bo
made for tho purcbusn. either of thu
erty in which it is omr..rui-ily cntoblinlied.or
ot some other site. After careful considera
tion of all circumstances. I think it my duty
to recommend the first of thesu alternatives
as most judicious and most economical.
Deaf mules constitute number class for
whose education public provision must nec
ossarilv bo made. To our Slain bnlnnn-s thu
honor of first rocoinizini' this iirincinlo:
mid nearly thirty veurs bavo now claused
since her Asylum was first openwd to these
unfortunates. Tho number now in the
Sioto is estimated nt 1,200. Of these, more
than ono ihud have received instruction in
tho Asylum, and probably another third are
of suitable ago fur admission. Of litis lut
tor number 150 uro in actual enjoyment of
it benefits, while 250 uro neeessai ily exclu
ded. Tho number admitted during tho
year was 35, und tho sumo number was dis
charged. Thu expense of iho Institution
paid by tlio State during tho lust year were
ilj.I IT? ill 11... u.hihi'ii etist of earn hi-
mute was $141. Tho importance of adding
in Iho ItlHIl llelion Ml Hub Am urn. liroinii-
training fur somo industrial occuiiailoii, as
. . .1
Willi n I hn inllv nf ai.n.n I'm . I line urn.
vision for those wlin'm its limited capacities
from tiduihssioo. will doubtleBS en-
gage your serious consideration.
Another class whoso situation onliststhcj
warmest sympathies ot every feeling heart,
and invokes irresistibly the provident ben
evolence of ihu State, is iho Uliud. Tho to
tal number of Ibis class is estimated lobe
84(1. Of tins number 200 aro of proper and
and legal uge for admission to I lie Asylum.
Of these uboiit fiO havo either already re
ceived its benefits, or aro thought by thuir
friends too young to be sent' to it ; leaving
140 w ho should bo under instruction. There
were in iho Asylum lust year 11)0; there
were admitted or readmitiud duiiugthe
voar 28; tho whole number under iis in
struction up to ils close was 105. The nvor
ugo number in daily atmiidaneo was 1)4
The expenses, excluding 5.500 for perman
ent improvements, win o i1 3.387,05, show
ing on average outlay for each iuuiuto of
nour 142.
It thus appears that the whole number ol
poisons rendered iulli in und dependent by
defective nr diseased organization is 0,040 ,
that of lliuEO 3,040 aro iu conditions requir
ing provision tor them in public or privute
institutions; that 847 uro uctulhiy in the.Stule
. . . - ...
Asylums, euvmi! iwn tiiousauil one hundred
and ninety linen unprovided for, except So
far as Ihov may find relief iiiCo.Infirmaries or
tiunihes llini ihu averno nuuiber con-
sinuily in tlio Asylums ibrouali ii:e lusi year was
U.I4 ; dial die loud cost to the stum- of their ne.iin-
tenance during the your waa S.li8,4W; that ilie
cot olenel. inina-c lor the year was$lMi lhal
.u ,.i .,.:.u. ...i ii ii.ii. ..in imi now iv.".-
ing me neneiUB oi me ,xs iiuiis. nt i ie same rnie,
wouia reipnre nil iiiiuain aocinionm e.vpenuii ire
ot '.V.I7,72, making nil n:Mret:ttu nnnuul outlay
ot wliib.i.tvi, una that !lie-e e-iiuniies aierxcui
sivc of inieiesi, about (Ji'..0U on the capital,
about r,oo,rei iiiveHi il in the. cxisiine; Akvluins,
and ol the yearly cost of pennant til iuiprm i iik iiIb,
wbicil was Inst year nboui giXi-lU: um) tiiu ctipi
till et to be inve.-ited in new sites and slruciures,
and ot the iiitnreil upon iluit.
No one ill sires unite earnestly than I do that
die (I'liertd Assembly nuiy fully iiis-iiarjo the
obligations asstin.eil in the CY.us'ituiioii i')' lia
w hole people, to li e children of sorrow. The duly
ot fulfilling them is clear, mid die fienelits of its
performance evident, 'i lie social rendition of no
people can be what it f liould be. while a clnss of
Ijiiilili ss and he plc?s vii Inns of plnsieal er leen
nil tlisoriler reniiiinsiiuieiievcd. 'or is die duly
ofrulie! less iuin ralivi ly ill. lan d by considera
tions ol economy, ihtni by cunsiih rulions of pin
lauiliroiliy, '1 lie (iepeiii'ent infirm imisi lie sus
taiued by sociely in some form. The only choice
is between nioceu. And how iniHi Iii iut dial
mode which raism ro iioiiiy el ihem from depilis
el belpbssiie-' and Hi.'lelicdiieM, nnd innkes
ttiem si-ll.iipii'iriitni me! even u-eful nunibers
ol the eoiiiniii'.iiiy, lluin tluil oilier neule wddrli
wastes resources in limn aim imiinrpiatii rcliel
Irons ils wretelnd eb eels ill llieir sorest nerd,
and inflicts upon socn-iy the moral and social
evils nvenssauly resin ing iroin u.e iiesciue ol
such a class negieeii-d in iis midst.
The sinteineiils 1 havo tiibiuiiied am desiunrd
lo set clearly bcloru ymi lue luiiure nnd ningm.
i,l,. ,,r il, ,.vi . for whir i vmi ureeii i d nm n lo
provide a remedy. 'I i ey illjierhnps. convince
you of tho necessity nf re.-ioriug the policy udopt-
ed ul tho openinc. una parsiicd lor twelve yenrsj
in the admiiiislraiioii ol llio Asylum, ol reouir-1
in il.nl ll... cost ol inain ei.aiico in tlien, be .Ie-
frayed by die parents or guardians ol llie inmales,
in casts where the cireaiosiances of llie parties
fully justily It. I hey win, 1 mink, also satisly
you ol theexjii'dieney el encouragement, by law.
el thu establishment oi, private iniiniiari.w ami
Iniives and friends and that oilier-, needing help
the Suite, can. in .unity cosim, be providi d
..I mneli lens tbtin die tiresent cost. Tliev will
also, it may ne nopeu. tee n.r.tu u, nu euTiusieu
witli the administration "f 'hose instiiiitiniis, die
duties of economy iu expenditure and vigilance.
Many individuals ol these classes partially
provided for in (he Statu Asylums, are In
mate of the Countv Infirmaries. This fact
imnart additional forco to iho genornl con
sideration which tuggoat further legislation
for tho regulation of theso Institutions. I
regret that the ComwiMiooer appointed un-
'
j
I
dor tho act of your predecessors to enmiiia
the reports requirod by it, and prepare u '
bill for tlio better fndntrnorit. rneulatinn '
and luanagnmciit of Infinnaries, bus in vet
l.e,. nni.i i I., mil ii,n ,iiu i,...,....i 'i.,. i
- . . . . . " . ' . . . . . !
." ' ". 7 r "Z ' n 7 .
necessary leoislativo oclion upon it will uot '
bo long delayed.
long delayed
PAUPERISM.
!
Another importnnt element, coloring into
every adequate estlmuln of social condition,
h that ol I'aupei ism. In Ouio tiiu pauper
class is lets numerous than in many other
Slates ; hut is yet largo enough to requite
thoughtful consideration. Tho number of
poor, well or ill provided for, either tempo-
... .1.. 1.. t..f. !.. t I
ai oy or uui inniMHii iv.in iiiiirinnries. l louses
r i, i- .-. . .
of Ueloge, or other institutions, is estimated
at 2.800, and tho number of the snmo class
receiving out-door relief, ut 12.000, making
.. . . , , , ' .ii ii
tho total number of poor supported wholly
or partially by the public duiini: tho year.
H SOO. KUniii.ir hn pnpulalii.n of tho
u i ... .i.m ... ' ' : c . ...
"IUIU mr UO ' I'U.UUW, IIIU I1HMMH (Mill VI II1U
. . . ' .... 1 1 .
. i
IS ft III 111-
I'Vl 918 ft
, no pr.poiuo.. ,,.,
.. .
12; in New
Yo.k. according to the census in 1S50. it was
1 in f 0 ; 11 Massachusetts in fl... For the
. ' . , ,...!
iiruveiiiioii III US IIMTI eilMJ III O II. UN 11 nai
. ,. ,,, :,, , ,,,,. lllinIllll ,.
enco ol Kolioiot.. and upon oual laws.
y
' r i.sju,, share of produc.io...
ueiu is im rt-UBini n. eani-ci. imnnii . i.uii
mm.. '.:- . . I... .1...
. ... .. .. . .
1110 poor wit ever ceaso out 01 1110 latin
11 1 r..., 1, .m 1... ,i. .1,,,..
Hereafter, as heretofore, it will bo tho duly
of Status ami individuals to open wido the
hnim to I lie need v. Lot us lioiiu thai our
!v.... ...i ..i.i .i;.,; i-i.... tr. i., i.
..n. .. 1 :n r.-.i :..
ill never fail iu
1 "t",
Keort,"!.
nance of it.
Iho entiie number of the do-,
p()11,lont ctt6SL,Bi it l)0 ,.,,,. , RtU
. ... 1 1 .
"0 HUIIl
nni11,...ii
nalUI.IIIV
i- ,,,,.,
P'"'!'"",
Zr'lTma
wholo number of persons to bo maintained
w holly, or in part from public revenues or
by privalo aid, J2 240.
Ilea nifgreunm includes nil the lusnni
tho Idiotic, tho Dual' and Dumb, the Blind
tho in-door and out-donr paupers, and Hie
ut uny timo what much the larger portion
... ...n .......I. tl... nPnilK ...... ....
is ut ml limes, a charge upon tlio Mate. It
is whut may bo justl y called tlio infirm elu
motit of society. lis proportion to tho
whole constitutes an important indication
of tho whole constitutes, an important
i ml ica I ion of thu moral und industrial con
dition ol a State. That proportion in Ohio
as 1 to 75 ; in Massachusetts us I to 41 ; in
Now York as 1 to 2U.
tier oi the Insano una ollierwise
inform 0 04') und to Iho number'
iiiiorni u,ut , unu in mo
14800 tho nveruso number i ai-
, It.ouu, Hie u.eiULU liliniui r ..in
,rr',..;.r,:;r, rrr :zt
w - i , ----m
'
CRIME.
feii lorcrimua against the Stuto lint prnso
exoludo euted by ir.dictmont, was ubnut 3.200 ; the
i
violence, "eariy ono-iiuii nave their immoui
privnie utu o lK1" 1,1 inlemporance. and that more
! than four-filUis ot Iho police offence, are
j duo to the same baneful cause. It is the
abundant sourro of pauperism, lunacy, and
j jj, , wo n, ,f crne l8 t.(l8t
Undor tho general numo of crime, as an
elemout of social condition, may be compre
hended all action, associated or individual,
which. violutiiiL' moral obligation, in fl eta in
jury on pursues or society. What 1 huvo to
to you relating to crime in our own
State, will, however, bo confined to offoli-!
... ...i.i.n , .ml ih. .it- r.unrdiniT
mduences on (lie olhurw iso lieulthlul and
regular looeiuMj in oueieiy. i iim iiuu.oui ui
indictment lor crime during Iho pan yoar
... .. u I' ... . .1 !.....- i:..
WHS llboil t 3,(00 ; HlO lllllllbcr (it pllllCO ttr
number ot arrests tor ollunees 4.U80 ; ma
king Iho nuinbur of urrestfc lor crimes and
ollences ol lower grade 114S0. The con
victions curried into judgment, upon indict
ment, were 1,300. 'I ho murders during the
year were HO, und the suicides 05. The pro
poriion of crimes and offences to tho popu
lation was 1 mViOS; the proportion of offen
ders being of course somewhat less. The
proportion or murders was 1 to 30,000;
that el suicides I lo 30 023.
The iiitiequeney nf convictions as com
pared with indictments will doubtlusa ut
tract your attention. It indicates a de
fective iidminibtration of criminul justice. In
bo remedied not so much legislation, as by in.
creased vigilance and firmness uu the pari
of llinsu 10 whom that administration is
committed It is worthy your consideration,
however, whuthur npuii convictions tor mur
der in the fust degree, it may not ho expe
dient to uuihnrizo the courts lo sentence at
discretion to capital punishment nr inpiis
ontiient for life. I urn persuaded that, iu
many instances, murder escapes all punish
ment, through the rnluetuncu of juries lo
""" '" necessarily uo lei-
I l.tui.til l.v ...i,r...i,..l .it il.e.lli
i J
It is woll ascertained that of crime of
:,., , i...,i ,1,.. ,..,. r .......,:..
'".- -' . 77 7
, i ... ..ej,...u
tiiu reach of estimate. I again invoke vour;
iittentiou In this vitally Important subim-i,1
und trust thut vour action iu regard to it
be wise and efficient.
Iu this connection I think it my duty to
recommend to you tho establiBl.inont of ao
Asvlum lor Iuobriiite. Much evil lo indi-1
vidualsund societv mav bo averted. .....1
much positive good accomplished, by means
of such uu Institution. It established on thu
Stniu Kelorin Turin, Unn a judicious pluti
and scale, iis cost need not bo great.
JUDICATURE.
i guUg 8t year wu about 30,000, in IS 000
number ol f uit involving aorioua cuntrovor
from sy ot luw or fact bore, however, u small per
r.ir ' linn In iho w hnlo. Mindi itin tarcnr nom.
Tho administration ol civil not less than
that of criminal justice, is intimately related
In sociul condition and advuncemeni. When
cheap, prompt, unbiased ond sure, it guar
anties industry, promotes enterprise, and
ensures progreds. When ilour, dilatory.
partial and uncertain, it impoverish!' labor,
il:scouiai;es useful undertaking and iuiro.
duces ilcciinu. In this Statu Iho people
eieei uiei. u ui.i;e, ami uiua ui.ecuy ueier-
, mine, III largo measure. Ihu character of ju-
liciul udniiuisiration. Tlio rebiilis llius la..!
especially in civil justice, have not disap
pointed the udvncies nf an elective judicia-
i"i--"""'" ii juugea im.o, u is n un,:
been Bomeiimes elected, und Iho evils ol
iniil ndminislralion have been snmelimes
u( . but thu Com Is of Ohio, considered in
L,ullur. ,uvo Iiotliinir to uniirelienil frum n
will. of a ' .,,,.. s.;,.1(
respect to iutulligeiicu, learning or ttiicien
cy. 1 he amount ol their luhois muy bo in-
turred from the act Ihr.t the number nf civil
ber wore prosecutions for too collection of
claim, und it is estimated thut nirio-tunth
iu amount of thu debts unsecured by mort
gage or otherwise, which class constituted
threo-founhs of the whole, was recovered
or U recoverable. The estimate, if at all
reliable, indicates plainly the grounds on
wbiob the high credit of the busines men,
a well at of tb State of Ohio, l citabluh-
I
I
;
:
'
;
i
, : .. ,ivli ,1,,,ri,;... ,r ,.....'
V , -
i nnsr s. sue l ns ton i-onelr n,.iroi ,.r ...lim.l
i .i T . . ' -;
,UF.,, n,j ,,0 purcliuso nt site.
, ' !- rate.
' i ft ,- in n ii .tnniE ,1 I , .... ... i.v. I ...in in ...
oip purposes to oo nxeu oy inwnenip iru
submil ees, but not to exceed one mill ou tlio first
2.000,000 or valuation, and ono-fourth of
! a mill on iho excess ; of rates not exceeding
j
I
""ol '"V" r, "" " revenuewere o.yoo.
may 1?' he m.il receipi. . thereture. ..,
. ' i. . ' 1 '8,,,"''1T,'!"t 3 51V
1 45s;"'1'. " l"rh 81,01,1,1 ,b" nd,ud ,Uv ''"
"' ",0 didalcalion over former apparent bal-
i
ed. Tim whole debt of her ponpln, public
and private, ns 1 took occasion to show last i
voar. ia haidlv ennui in iimritint (n nn-ril'rli !
"nl the properly in tho State, and tho loss !
!. ,!; v ;.l , t i".il,,r r.n,n,,..,i :. ni.i.
"J .. . .. 7, . J ' V.. . , ! "'.Y ' .V. . ,
-I. " . ' . " ... . . .,.;.""' i
comparatively insignificant.
Such is thu social condition of State, con-
. .., ... . .
templated in somo ol us most important and
interesting aspects. Tlio sketch is necessa-:
i ny impet tect, tor the materials aro inudo. !
without
Iv mndo I
Assnmbly
oiuMouc.o innii uiauou urn iiiiipiv, net ca ter. ,
tho tneaiis of mnrn rei tain ntnl nwn-o iia..rl
, .i.,,: .i ...
-
t'nii'iiswpa W..V4 uuuubLiuiia, mull UIU lUS:l-
lo now i""-
t. .;' ,t . . . ... ,,
,, ,. , . , ., ..... i i- .
topics nt pel Imps more immediate concern,
'.,;, , ' , :' .:. ,.,. ,.,"'
permit mo to invito your attention, in the
first place, to our financial condition.
Too Constitution reni iroi that all proper
ty, of whatever dipcriptmn, und by wliomsn.
held, shall bn listed lor lat.iin.i t I..
,,. .,,' .,.,, r ... " K" , .
U,,Vi. , .ho T ,-, ,bt , . ' '7",.:.!""
-,n,rl , i .1,,, t .,,, .,r.,ri . " ;
ilhiges nnd tho !chnnl District, are raised
I ..... I t . .... .
v ' " ",r.n""? I Vn l"
i w hole nroneriv listed, and fl for local nui.
........ ii .-u.er, uo nuogeiner i
raluo, while the provision judicious-!
by you, and the preceding Genera 1
or a more anipbi collection of ;
I). 1, itrnr.ii,iu li.t.,.1 u.1,1,1.. .t.n'llll
l'"J' " n, ,,,,,, .oi.-
.,.'r....,r In. rilr.ri:.l Int.... 'I'l,.. t.
I - j .. . ..... n, r
..r ...... i.... ...t . ......
f. , .......
various years, but particularly ot 18..3
nd 1854 ; the road and bridge laws of ls,l .
iid other year; tho pnorhouso act ot laUl
unu act of 157 ;
two of li558, und somo otb-!
Iu' - "oijuiiaiico, piutcnuo me
ur acts ol
Vn' ,i:,, .,. , r ;
i "'" ''.i i.
, , , , .7, i . " li ' : . M
7i , i" , :7 r , . , 1 . .
to'ii . - , unu
..oiai v iu. 'iaei, mill III lauuuR rates I (I UO
vary-:
ing from iho twenty-fifth of a mill to nine
and a hull mills, to bo determined bv the
luumy w:iiiiiisinnii-f, nu i uu omiitinnat
ruto, not over six nulls, to be levied by the
County Auditor, on property adjoining
laaj3 ;ithiu certain limii ou ibo petition
.1 . . 1 J .
Tho poor liiniso act of 1831. authorizes
thu levy ky thu County Couiinissioncrs of
uu indeliniiu ruto for the erection of Infirm-
lines, nun a iuiu not excecuing one mill lor
Hit. support of tho poor
I ho act of 1Sj7, requires tho levy of lev-1
en-tenlbs of n mill tor general State pui pos
es; nf nine tenths of u mill for payment ot
intorcbtaiid principal ot tho public debt ;
ot rates for county purposes, within various
limits from two to tour
muus, to oo ueter-
turned bvthu County Coiiiissinncrs, will lib
erty to thu Commissioners of Counties
wlicso tnxablu values do not exceed 3.000,-
000, to levy higher rales ; ot rates for Town
mill iiiiiib,iii; v:v uilil villain putpilBCS, III
bo lixeU by the authorities, and ot a rate not
exceeding bix nulls, to bo fixed by Iho City
( :n:in..il .it ( i.ii.:,in-.l i.
Council of Cine un it
The ucls of 185S, reqniro tho Auditor of
Statu to iucieniO tho levy tor the payment
ot Ihu Slulo Debt, whenever it may be nec
essary, in order to make tho Sinking Fund
equal in amount tn the requirements of tho
Constitution nnd the luws, and direct the
levy of seven twentieths of a mill in each ot
the years 185S, 1851) and 18(30, lo provide
means for Iho payment of the loan ot 700,
000, authorized by thu second of these acts,
and intended to supply the deficit created
by defalcation.
It thus appears thit tho rato of taxation
for (iem rul Revenue, applicable to the sup
port of the Sluto Government, in all its Do
partmenis. Executive, Legislative uud Judi
cial, and the payment ot Iho cost ol Public
Ituihlings and the expenses to ibo flenevo-
Ions Institutions, is but , 0th of tho genoi
... ,.,u ,iU.,.,v ,!. , fiiiiu it biiikb
almost to insignificance in comparison wilh!
local tuxuiion lor County, Township,
City, Village and Srhnol District purposes
.u.iu tiiiiinuuiu iiiiivii iii u ciearei
understanding of our revenue system by
thosu entrusted with ils administration, ns
well as by the peoplo at large, if all rates ol
tuxalion were prescribed by a single luw, and
not by many us at present ; uud 1 respect
fully leccointnend iho expediency of such
uu enactment to your consideration.
Thu receipt of tho fiscal year 1S58 from
taxation, tolls, convicts' earnings, and ull
j other sources ot revenue, properly so culled,
j iocludiog the premium on the temporal v
loan, wero 2,031,750 1 7. Tlio receipts
J from sales nf school and ministerial lauds
I unu (I
and (bo principal of tho temporary loan,
' ami iho amount of July interest not called
. v,,w Y.L- ,l .1,.., i ,
the treasury all which items aiituie
! " C,,J HM" " " ''- ,n"K,nK ,"a'
of e-3 532.002 02. 'J'ho buliinceiii the treas
ury, therefore, ut tho commencement of the
present fiscal year, was ? 226,1 1S.9.".
Tho levies ol each year produce ho receipts
of the next year. Tho recu'pt and dis
bursements of tho curieut year, therefore,
can at present be only estimated ; tlio lev
ies only, wh c'l were made iu part under the
acts id preceding sessions, aro certain. The
taxes paid, uud lo be paid, into the Treasury
luring lliu current year arise fioin these
levies. Referring you lo termor oninmuiii.
I cations for infm inatinn refuting to former
I years I shall state summarily Ihu amount nf
iaxablo values, nnd nf taxes "lovid in ISS3.
1 he lolul number ol acres listed for luxation
was 25 2US008. The valuation of those
lauds was ni-437.183 132: lli.it of Town and
jCity lets. 1153,102 815; that of chattels
i?2oo..ril 4 0&1 ; making tlio aggregato valua-
u nu laxanie property III mo niuie.
' SS4() SldlOSI. The taxes levied for general
j Slato purposes wove, for Sinking Fund,
I 047 1102 ; for general Stain puipokos.
1 i5s7 -lili! , for fni.i..... Sehnols HI 2.-.0 Ml 3
, ,., s, .., , :hlHr(. n.,,. , :,
ull ai2 07S,12'J Tho levies for County pur
poses were, for County exponses. 1,130.933 ;
lor Bridges, .1ul,H88; for Iho IN.or, 222,
471; for Building, 320.954 1 for Road.
.150 504 35 ; for Railroads, 402 430 ; in
all 2,8 49 221). Tho levies for Township,
City nnd other local pin pose, were, for
Township exponces, t284 051 ; for schools
and school l.ouso, 1 4DS.611 1 for City,
Town and other tpeciul laxu, 1.633810;
making a total for lownship and City taxes
of 43,356 678 ; lo which add for delinquen
cies and forfeitures, 572.G30 ; making the
aggregaio of Count aud other local laze
ot 0.778,528.
A (light degree of attention to eliding
txf!on boi new lev of a fractlpo of
77. 7:.' 'k-""' '.",u,u '
u.... ioi. iior ao i percetvo why
i l'.,..n,., T.... . ..n .- ..
. n-...-ui.i euueciing roreiiuo lor
I in Klut.l s bnnhl .,r.f l ,:j ... .
,.,ir Cei.ccti. iZtrVx:
I
uu lorms ana lor all purposes. To toXHtloti
for these ami aimih.r ........... i i.
boinir bnnesilu n,l ......!. n '
the people cheerful consent. Thnv nr.
. 1...... : . . ...
. . .... ..,,.o
( workings ol our financial system it seem
! desirable that ossost inent, low, collection
;;and disbursement bo brought a's closelv to-
I
i
IHO most f'V.iet lil-nllpl if... ....II. I.. I .
1
I
j
j
i yoar, an, llns statement would supply a
basis for economical and intelligent appro
tho priuiions for the ensuing three-quarter of
I the curront and the Grsl Quarter of the nit
i
I
mill cannot bo of much onnsennono Tha
levy for school libraries Is 13 920 i 'ol th
rnln is l,nt nnn innii. r . ..:n ' . r.
gregato of such rates which ennai lrI
...... ....,! i .i .J, consinpreii
"'"-"J - "out reioronce to the sums
TTTY;."?' . COB.
stitutes the total burdod of tntation.
A largo proportion of all tto public in
coino is emended dir-eil. rr,r ,i.
. - , .... V..IIIIII1.II
good. The levies for schools. tcViool houses
mid libraries amount, for cxamrdn to " .
781.822, or nearly ono third of tho taxes Iu
mur. urn um v i i.":
,-.. .... i. j . ' . .
o ..iu nuifi-uH iin iiimntiii . . , ma nK .
turn of benolits by imnrovidenen. .un r
peculation. r or tho nrovontioii nf ih.,...
evils tlio poeplo must look to County Com
uussicners, Township Trustees, lioards of
Education, ond City and Village Councils,
even more than to tho Ooneral Assombly.
It cannot bo too deply impressed upon the
,. I .1 ...,i" .7.:7."' .Tl"" vv."
inuiM iiiui.iiio discretion cornmittoil
i ' , """""""i nowover iimitol
",u K.uu,ul'u- ",us, "jecessarily large, and
' " ""uoinion oi rar mo
largest uronortion of In,. lhn Mnai..t..
. . ... .
",0 real 'egislatures. Ton much
not Im Ti.r,.;.n,l :., ii,n !.:.. .
,111 ,ii.-bu 111. uoi lam nositione,
'I' ........ . . ...
.. eomnu 1110 Slliesi UIH1 most hnnnliinl
.. .. ..........
gntbur as possible.
I can see no good rua-
son wny assessments may not bo made and
- uu1,crrn0(, a"a oP''c!e
V, ""'n'"0 .
77 .f "" wou. u "nn8 ',c
vh'bo projimuy to collections, nod eniurs
same niunnor as llin nlhr.ir,r. h.. ..n.i.
and hold i hem sol,;,. w ii, ,i,.i. -r .i,
Cnmi.trollcr. ur wtiv thoir fio.il .iln,nn..i.
with too fttato Treasurer should bo delayed
to tlio lute day now assigned by law
Each year income should, as nearly ai
rlv aa
..v,.uit, iu; eacn year cxponeoi, anil
no money should remain in the Treasury
except what is needed for current disburse
ments. Tho act passed at your late sossion.
providing for tho semi-annual oll....iinn nf
taxes, was, in my judgment a wisuitop id
ihu right direction, arid I nm glad to know.
has givon general satisfaction in it practical
operatiou. The act authorizing draft by
tlio Comptroller upon the Cuuntv Troaa.
urors, for tho taxos collected in December
just past, in order to their application to
payment ot tlio intorett due on the first of
tho current month, was another ttep
towards tho lamo und.
Justly obnoxious to coniure a waa tba
practice of collecting from ibo County
Treasurers by similar draft in advance of
their regular settlements, large sums to be
added lo largo balances already in the
Troastirv.or to supply tho place of largn
buUncus fraudulently abstracted, it can now
hardly admit of question that our late!
tuturo policy will bo to pay our January
........ e . ' . . . J
teres! from December, and our July inter
est from Juno collection. As far as poisi.
bio, also, the cxpened of the first two
quarters of each fiscal year should bo do
frayed from the termor, and those of tlio
two Ittstquurtor from tho latter collections.
I recommend such legislation a may bn
doomed necessary to givo practical effect to
theso suggestions by providing for Ibo
prompt payment into tho Statu Treasury of
Iho State's proportion of taxos as oon a
collected, al requiring earlier settlements
by tho County Treasurers wilh the Slain
Treasurer. Such legislation would enable
tho A-iditnr of Stato to lay before the Gen
eral Asoiiibly,at an early day iu each ..tsion,
a statement of the actual receipts from luxes
in Decern bor, and iho estimated receipt in
June, as woll a of tho actual and estimated
receipts frum all other sources dining Ihu
nscai vear.
A judicious law proscribing rata of lew
will tend m m.i.ii., i.. ....:;..
mo payment ot current expenses from cur-
... - ........
runt income will prevent the evil of accu
mulation in tl.o Treasury; the restriction of
appropriations to actual receipts, and of ex
penditures lo appropriation, will restrain,
tho former legislative, and tho iattor admin
istrutivo extravagance 'Xhcsof in my judg
ment, uro Ibo essentials of a good fiuancial
system.
Under such a system tho custody of Iho
public ruvenuu would involve fur ten hazard
than huroioforo. Slill, under any system,
wbilo cnlluctinn from luxe for all pur
poses, Ktato und Loeul, cannot be expected
soon to fall below four millions, and ma
exceed, as In 1854 and in thu present year,
lour millions and a half semi annually, nf
which a moioty will not be required for dis
bursement until somo timo alter colloeltou;
and a (Mil lion will remain for six months or
morn, ihu point of custody will remain ono,
of groat importance.
'Iho safe keeping of tho pul.llo tnonfy.
therefore, properly engaged a large ihare of
tho ottention of your immediuto prede
cessors, as well a of your own. Tho chief
essential point of difference between thu
modes adopted seems tn be that tho lutlor.
wlnlo requiring bmplo securities nom uiv
positaries for payment on demand, did not
contemplate Iho withdrawal of Iho money
deposited from tho transaction of business,
until warned for public purposes, while tho
loiter Poems in intend iho actual keeping of
the public money in the baud of Il.n Slate
enl County Treasurer until required for
disbursement in discharge of public obliga
tions. If the safety nf thu publie moneys it
equally insured by either mode, tho former
appear lo bo entitled to preference; for
money it machinery, whoso work is exchungn,
and it is obvious that the withdrawal from
use of considerable um for considerable
periods must in somo mejsuro interrupt
and embarrass the operations of bushiest.
But safety is tho paramount consideration,
und no mndo of custody is admiwablo which
does not secure it a far a it can bo secured
in any mode.
THE SUB-TREASURY.
In a former communication I thnneM it
my duly to recommend lo your considera.
ion a plan for the uli-keeping and dis
bursement of the public money, whiuh
soonied lo mo to comnine eourlt wilh con
venience. Thai plan failed loeommond it.
self to your approval; but you did not omit
to establish by U Jtetn or regulation,
intendod lo accomplish the tame genurnt
purpose. Few measure fulfill porfeeflr
the design of their author; and onie rln.
feet bare become apparent lo Iho praotioai
(Concluded on the Fourth Page.)