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TERMS ONE DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENT PEE ARirVM. IB ADTAltCf. PCBt TS'HD BY HAPGOOD 6l ADAM 3. cirikE imct. WARREN, TRUMBULL COUNTY, OHIO, WEDNESDAY MAY 30, 18 5 5. WHOLE NO. 20 17 VOL. 39, NO. 41 51 SBftkiq amilii Sournal,.I)ruofrb ia rrriiam, ifulturf. literature-, v&umitian, Xornl Snidligcnff, anil tjjt &ms of tfy Dai. Poetry. [From the Jeffersonian Democrat.] THE MAY SNOW SHOWER. BY MISS SARAH A. BEACH. The husbandman ploira in his field to day. The farmer has seed in the soil. Then snow Hake, white snow-Hake, why Ihui dost thou at ray In this season of hope and of toil I The plowman looks up to the misty clouds And sighs for the genial rain. Then down you descend to enwrap with a shr d. The fair form of Nature again. We welcome thee snew -flake. In winter's dread reign We laogfa mid the feathery shower. And when the wild winds set thee whirling again To build the nirh-tarreted tower. We then can enjoy thee, so stainless and pore. Can admire thy frail, delicate form And tread down thy folds, as the merry beUs lure To pleasures suceedlsg the storm. But now is the season for bright-laughing May, In sort Tel-ret Terdure new dressed, Xmbroidered with blossoms sweet-scented and gay, Of Nature's rich wardrobe the best, To lighten the earth wi'h her soft, beaming smiles. To t'lTimn" her sweet sylran choir. And dance mid the breeee rutlod leaflets the while. To anisic that nerer will tire. . Or should a dark sadness o'ercloud h-r clear sky. Then the warm gushing tear-drop should fall. To be turned to bright gems 'Death her soft beaming eye, A circlet for hearens high wall, 'Till bone reigns supreme, and the dark clouds recede. And smiles chase the tear-drop away. And Nature refreshed hastes in frolicsome speed Her fresh blooming charms to display. Then snow-flake, bright snow-flake, baste onward, ner stop Till thou reachest the mocntain's white crest, Or hie thee afar to the iceberg's proud top Hid grandeur terrific to rest, Or mingle thy form with the tempest's wild roar. Where the storm-king reigns ceaseless and stern. Tex a with thy cold frigid presence no more Till winter inrites thy return. [From the Home Journal.] MEN AND MANNERS. Who shall judg a man from manners t Who shall know him by his dress f Paupers may be fit for princes. Princes fit for something less. Crumpled s lirt and dirty jacket May bedothe the golden ore Of the deepest thoughts and feelings Satin vests could do no more. There are springs of crystal nectar Etct welling out of stone ; There are purple buds and golden. Hidden, crushed, and OTergrown; God, who counts by souls, not dresses, IiOTes and prospere yor an 4 me. While he values throne the highest But as pebbles is the sea Hen, upraised above his fellows. Oft forgets his fellows then ; Masters rulers lords, remember ... That your nraJt mulls mu 1 Men by labor, men by feeling. Men by thought and men by fame, Claiming equal rights to sunshine In a man's ennobling name. There are foam-embroidered oceans. There are liale weed-clad rills. There are feeble Inch-high saplings. There are cedars on the hills ; God, who counts by souls, not stations. Loves and prospers yon and me ; For to Him all vain distinctions Are as pebbles in the sea. Toiling hands alone are builders Of a nation's wealth and fame ; Titled laziness is pensioned, ' Fed and fattened on the same. By the sweat of other's foreheads. Living only to rejoice. While the poor man's outraged freedom Vainly lifteth up its voice. Truth and justice are eternal. Born with loveliness and ligbt ; Secret wrong shall never prosper - While there is a sunny right , God. whose world-heard voice is singing Boundless love to you and me. Sinks oppression with its titles. As the pebbles in the sea. MEN AND MANNERS. Choice Miscellany. [From the Home Journal.] THE PASSPORT. "Is it then true, Leon and may I be allowed to offer you my congratulations that yom are to be married ?" Most assuredly ; you see this trunk and this valise ? In one hour the dili gence stops for me. I shall arrive to morrow evening at Montargis, and the. day after to-morrow present myself at the Louse of my future wife, who lives in a village a little farther on." " And your intended, is she pretty ?" ' Charming ! I have never seen her; bnt my uncle Lombard who has done me the favor to arrange this match gave me an enchanting description of the young lady. Eighteen years old, pretty, a hundred thousand francs dow ry, and double the sum in expectation. Yon shall see her, Jules, for you are of ihe limited number of my friends for whom I will keep open house." "Thanks but the time of your de parture approaches ; adieu a pieasant journey and good luck !T Leon Duraud was a very gentlemanly young man, of fine personal appearance, and in mind above m diocrity. Modest, and offering little chance for criticism, be was never out of place, and passed unnoticed in the world. Nevertheless, bis character was not without a certain originality. Left to himself since the age of twenty-one, master of his actions and his fortune, Leon had never shown a bent for celibacy he- had neither the inclinations nor the ardor which give zeal to the life of a bachelor ; for him independence possessed no charm, noisy pleasures he shunned, and gallant in trigues caused him fear. He only com prehended love as a sweet and perpetu al tenderness.. Being of a pliant and gentle disposition, receivingadvice cheer- fully, and loving lobe governed by others, a he very naturally found himself equipped matrimony, and vet, no one per- j ceived all these good qu .lilies of a hus- which this honest youth possessed, j The -ood husband was lost sight of on- i der the envelop of the bachelor, and ! . . .... i . ! -"--- n r i tractions, his six thousand livres income, and his great desire of marrying, was still single at twenty-eight. As rash as he was diffident, Leon ad dressed himself at first to a JOUDg wid ow, whose coquetries he repaid by a very frank and formal pioposition of marriage ! The widow, who was not expecting this, was much surprised to have been taken in earnest : but t he ap preciated widowhood too well to be will ing to renounce that happy state ! She, therefore, thanked her respectful adorer, and grave him the mitten. Leon was disconcerted by this event, and from that time all his advances to wards the fair sex weie made with sus picion and a woeful want of skill. When he hail been stranded three times, his defeats became a subject of remark, and the families with whom he sought alli ance were distrustful of him. "He had been refused," said one, by Madame H , and the Misses L and W . It must be that this young man, under good appearances, conceals gome great defects." Indeed, his dis comfitures afforded gossip for the whole community, and gave rise to strange'and terrible conjectures. Two or three years thus elapsed, and Leon, overwhelmed by so many de feats, finally sank into piofound dis couragement. Fortunately, his uncle Lombard came to the rescue. Monseiur Lombard had been travel ling agent in his youth ; and having be come rich, and a partner in an opulent commercial house, he had reserved that branch of' the business which requires travelling to himself, in order that he might indulge in his early and cherish ed habits. For thirty years he had travelled over France, and had required the reputation of ha ving fait de passions, in every department. For the rest, he wns a sufficiently handsome man to jus tify this gallant cosmopolitism. A great advocate of celibacy, which he indulged in as an amateur, he had, still, never sought to combat the inclinations of O Leon. Frankly liberal, it was a principle- with Monsieur Lombard never to op pose the taste of any one. At the moment of starting upon a long journey, he had said to his neph ew : " Do not despair, my boy. I en gage to find for you an accomplished wife in Provence ; I will anange the af fair, and you shall have nothing but to go there and be married. You can rely upon me, for I have a happy faculty of arranging matters of this sort. In one month vpu shall hear fiom me." Monsieur Lombard had kept his word ; three weeks after his departure he wrote to his nephew : "Mr dear friend : I have the pleas ure to inform you that, according to my promise, I have founJ you a superb match. A young person, beautiful as an angel, with blonde hair, magnificent blue eyes, and the only daughter of a widow who possesses fifteen thousand livres income in good stocks. The dow ry will be a hundred thousand frar.es. I hope you will not complain of me.: Set out as soon as you receive my letter, and hasten to be married. I cannot as -sist at the wedding, being obliged to go without delay to Marseilles, and lo spend I wo months in Provence. On my re turn, I shall take true pleasure in find ing you at housekeeping, and until then, accept my very sincere wishes for your happiness. Adieu. Tourdevoted uncle, "Isidore Lombard. "P. S. See the name of your future wife : "MadembrsetlelTuplirasle Ducniols, at Madame Dulillois, in Bonij, near Montargis." This letter overwhelmed Leon with joy. He set out, as we have seen, light hearted, full of hope, and dream ing of a happy future. At Fontainebleau the diligence stop ped, and the driver allowing the passen gers teniy minutes for dinner, they sat down at the table. In onother room, the passengers of a diligence from Ly ons had just finished their repast, and were preparing to re-enter their carriage, when some gensd'armes presented them selves and demanded their passports, which they examined with care, for there had recently occurred a conspira cy of some sort. After having gone through with the customary formali ies, the gens-d'armes, made the circuit of the jwo tables, and each passenger answer ing to his name received his passport. While Leon was on his way to Mon targis, he was the subject of conversa tion at Bonij. Euphrasie Dutillois mer'ted the eulog ium that Monsieur Lombard had passed upon her beauty. She was, indeed, a charming young la Jy, who had no de fer feci save tbat of being a liale self-willed, like all spoiled children ; and in this re band spect she perfectly suited to Leon. An heiress, with fifteen thousand livres income, Euphrasie was too rich to find, T- 1,. M.,K Vrt cttitar No suitor had dared to present himself, except a cousin, Pamphile Jovin by narop, a dolt whom she had already refused, but who persevered like a good fellow, and al ways returned to the charge. Monsieur Lombard, in p'assing through Montargis, had recollected that 'he late Monsieur Dutiollis, his friend, had left a widow, and only daughter, and a suffi ciently large fortune. He went to Bonij, found Euphrasie to his liking, and made his proposition, which was acc pted. Jovin was enraged at the event. He had counted upon his perseverance, and upon the small opportunities tbat Mon targis afforded ; but when he saw Paris enter in competition, the poor fellow lost all hope ! The day before Leon was to arrive at Bonij, Madame Dutollois was conversing with her daughter upon her future du ties and rights. Euphrasie, who for an hour had maintained a thoughtful si lence, suddenly interrupted her moth er, and said : " It seems to me that we have been too hasty in accepting Monsieur Durand upon the recommendation of his uncle !" " Monsieur Lombard," replied Mad ame Dutillois, "is incapable of deceiv ing us. Besides, my attorney has made all necessary inquiries. I do not doubt the six thousand livres income of Mon sieur Durand; I am convinced that he is of a good family, and that his habits are good." " Ah ! tbat is sufficient for you," said Euphrasie "your responsibility of moth er is taken care of ; yon will be comfort ably settled with your daughter: but this is not all that is to be considered for me ; this gentleman must please me, and I remarked that Monsieur Lombard, while he extolled the character of his nephew, avoided speakidr o his person al attractions." The fact was, that Monsieur Lombard Tiad shottn himself very cautious upon this point, and that, too, for a very sim ple reason ; it was that Monsieur Lorn- -bard esteemed but one kind of beauty among men. His beau-ideal of a man was to be five feet ten inches in height, shoulders well set, complexion clear, and beard enormous ! Leon was far from possessing these brilliant facultie s ; so that Mons'eur Lombard, findin;; him out of favor with nature, contended himself saying, "I am sure you will not find him disagreeable !" This ambiguous phrase had thrown Euphrasie into a state of doubt and sad perplexity. " Ah, well," said Madame Dutillois, "you are still perfectly free ; there has been no agreement signed. Yen will see Monsieur Durand to morrow, and if he does not suit you, we will dismiss him. But I'll wager that he will please you." "That is if! Ycur confidence is your strength, and that is why you say so carelessly, 'We will dismiss him." Do you believe, Ihen, that it will be so easy to say to his face, ' You do not please us ; we -find you disagreable and ugly !' In fine, dear mother, when you shall be placed in that situation, and it is neces sary to bestow such a compliment, I shall see you so embarrassed, so troubled, that, in pity, and to get you out of your dilemma, I will consent to marry him ! Oh ! I have it now ; happily, I have thought of a way to arrange it ail." "Ah ! pray, what is it ?" "This is it : tell Stephen to harness the horses to the coupe. In three hcurs we will be at Montargis ; we will get out at the hotel where the diligence stops. TTo one 'Wttt know us, and wc will sup at the table d'hote, with the travelers. I shall see Monsieur Durand, and if he does not please me, you will write him a very polite note, which will make it unnecessary fo him to come to Bonij, and will spare us a troublesome explana tion. What think you of my plan ?" When Madame Dutillois and her daughter ai rived at Muntargis, and des cended at the hotel, it was nine o'clock, and supper was over. Failing, thus, to sec Leon at the table d'hote, Euphrasie interrogated the hostess, who replied to her questions with much zeal. 'Among the travelers from Paris, to day, you have one Monsieur Durand ?" " Yes, Mademoiselle, yes ; a young man who is about to marry in our neigh borhood, judging from his conversation. He said that he wished to go to Bonij, to-morrow, and Thomas is to take him there in his cabriolet for five francs. It is not worth but thne, but when one is goinjr to see his lady-love, he don't mind a little extra expense ! The ladies arc acquainted with Monsieur Durand ? Sh .11 1 tell him you are here ? He has j not yet retired, for there is a light in his f. it I 'chamber. Ah! here conies Catharine i with 1 is pasport, which I am obliged to :are of for the authorities. I must take car go and write his name on tlie register ,, .11 1..a i.iHiao hni'a cunnur 7" I " Yes," said Euphrasie, "yes ; serve as soon as possible." " Immediately, my ladies," replied the officious little hostess, and went out, leaving the passport laying upon the ta ble. Euphrasie hastily took it np, saying : Perhaps we will not need to see Mon sieur Durand his portrait is here. She read : " 'In the king's name, Pierre Ignace Durand' "Ignace what a horrid name 1" "You will give him another to your liking," replied Madame Dutillois. Euphrasie passed on to the description. At the first word she turned r ale, her hand trembled, and 6he said to her moth er, "Shall I give him other hair, also, to my liking?" " Why, what do you mean, child ?" said her mother. " 'Hair red" " "Red!" exclaimed Madame Dutillois. " Ah, Monsieur Lombard ! Monsieui Lombard !" "That is not all," continued Euphra sie, coldly. Listen, mother : " ' Forehead low evebrows red eyes gray nose long mouth largi beard red face marked by small-pox ; particular sign, wart on the left nostril. " Madame Dutillois was in consterna tion. Euphrasie had played hei part well and bravely, as one who knew that she would never have difficulty in get- tinir a husband. The hostess returned, announcing that supper was ready, and adding that Mon sieur Durand had not retired, but had just called for pens, ink and paper. "What matters it to us ?" replied Eu- phraiie, "we do not know this gentle man ; the one of whom we were inqu'r ing, just now, is my father ; he is fifty years old." In the morning, as Leon was about to start for Bonij, in the cabriolet of Tho as, he received a note from Madame Dutillois. It was written in a very po lite and skillful manner. Unexpected circumstances were alleged, and excuses made, that admitted no reply. Leon was convinced that a fatality bound him to a state of celibacy. He resigned himself to his fate, and sorrow fully retraced his step3 to Paris. At Fontainebleau. the captain of the gens- d'armes, on examining his passport, ex claimed : "Zounds! this is devlish lucky for the gentleman who was arrested yester diy, three leagues from here 'Ignace Durand hair red marked by small pox wart it is he, and no mistake ; " and he continued, taking out another paper : 'Leon Durand hair black nose ordinary face oval "It is like hold, sir ; we have made a mistake ! Yesterday, theie were two Durands one coming from Paris the other going there ; your passports were changed in returning them to you. This mistake has been followed by an noying consequences to your namesake, who has been arrested and taken to jail in our town. But all is now explained, and I will ro at once to the kind's coun sellor.' You can congratulate yourself. Monsieur Durand, that this accident has caused you no disagreeable results." "I t is, indeed, very fortunate," said Leon. After his defeat at Montargis, Leon became a philosopher. Seeing that it was impossible for him to get married, be reconciled himself to an old bachelor's lot. Monsieur Lombard died suddenly, at Marseilles, leaving to his newpew, a for tune of five hundred thousands francs, which enabled Leon to abandon himself to all t! c luxuries of a wealthy bachelor. From that lime, Leon did violence to his better nature. He courted only plea ure, and regarded marriage under a new aspect. A year had passad since his unfortu nate journey to Montargis, wheu Leon encountered at a ball, a very pretty la dy, who, upon being introduced to him, remarked that she once came very near bearing the name of Madame Durand ! "Ah!" said Leon, "perhaps one of my relatives." "Monsieur Iirnace Durand, of Paris; do you know him ?" "Yes, certes ! We made each other's acquaintance in a singular way. In travelling, last year, our passports were changed, and he was arrested. Happily for him, I returned from Montargis the next day, and" " From Montargis ? And your pass ports had been changed ?" "Yes, Madame, he had mine and I had his ; a mistake of the gens-d'armes. And as wc do not resemble each oili er" to "Oh ! good heavens! what do you say was it yor" " Py, Madame, deign to i tf PIHm V r. -n t t "I am Euphrasie Dutillois, sir. I went 1 meet you, with my mother. At the hotel at Montargis, I saw your passport, and" "And the description frightened you ! with good reason, too. And I congrat- ulated myself upon having escaped vex ation from that mistake ! But, Made moiselle, will it bo permitted me, now, to hope" "Xow, sir, T am married ! My name is Madame Jovin ; my husband is there. at that card-table, in front of us." She pointed out to Leon a gross-look- in" fellow, with the air of a simpleton, whose face was expanding behind the ace of trumps ! "Unlucky passport 1 muttered .Lecn. "TJnlu4y passport !" echoed, 6oftly, Euphrasie. BY AND BY. There is music enough in these woids for the burden of a song. There is a hope wrapped up in them, atf! an artic ulate beat of the human heart. By and by ! We heard it as long ago as we can remember, when we made brief and perilous journeys from chair to table, and from table to chair again. We heard it the other day when two parted who had been 'loving in their lives,' one to California, the other to our lonely home. Everybody says it some time or other. The boy who whispers it to himself, when he dream-tof exchanging the stub bed little shoes for boots like a man. The man murmurs it, when in life's middle watch he sees his plans half finished, and his hopes yet in bud, wa ving in a cold late fpring. The old man says it when he thinks of putting off the mortal for the immor tal, to day for to morrow. The weary watcher for the morning whilcs'away the dark hours with 'by and by; by and by.' Son:eiimesit sounds like a song ; some times there is a sigh or a sob in it What wouldn't the world give to find it in the almanac, set down somewhere, no matter if in the dead of December, to know that it would surely come. But fairy-like as it is, flitting as a star-beam over the dewy shadows of the year, no body can square it ; and when we look back upon the many times these words have beguiled u. the memory of that silver by-and-by is like the sunrise of Ossian, 'pleasant but mournful to the soul. BY AND BY. ADVICE TO YOUNG MEN. We endorae the following from Mac lin's advice to his son ; and put it again in circulation as too good to be lost. I have often told you, he Bays, that every man must be the maker or mar rer of his fortune. I repeat the doc trine. He who depends upon his indus try and integrity, depends upon patrons of the most exalted kind ; these are the creatures of fame, the founder of fami lies, and can never disappoint or desert you. They control all human dealings and even vicissitudes or any unfortunate tendency to contrary nature. You have genius, you have industry at times, but you want perseverance : without it you cati do nothing. I bid you bear this motto in mind Persevere." A Babt Staked Against a Dollar. We are informed on good authority, says the Baltimore Re, ttblican, that tha following circumstance really transpired on Satuiday night, in a low street in Exeter: A card party played foi various stakes until one of them a woman becoming, in hir language, "dead broke," offered to stako her infant against a dollar upon the issue of the next game. The prop osition was agreed to by her opponent, who was a childless mother, and being favored by fortune, or misfortune, the conclusion of the same found her the winner of the babe, a bright, healthy male infant. The child, wc learn, was delivered without a murmur to the win ner, and wc judge from the heartless conduct of the unnatural parent, that her offspring will find with its new custodian a better home than with the oaa who so ruthlessly staked anl lost it. Think fob Yolkself. Respect no doctriue on account o its age or the number who believe in it. The precept of the apostle, " Prove all things, hold fast that which is good," is now begining to be understood, respecteil and obeyed. Ileject no doctrine because it is as yet new, and its teachers have yet their fame, to acquTe, or because it has not the in fluence of numbers to support it. A man should look back upon his wrongs, false hoods, and. enors of the past, as he looks upon the LAlies and mistakes of his own childhood and youth. These are not to be revered ot repeated. The past has ks lesson ; but it teaches us for the most part, what to avid. H "ate - Cure Journ. "HIGHLY ACCOMPLISHED WOMEN." How sick we have grown of these words. The world hasmorethanenough of such. It needs educated, earnest, working women educated to become companions to father.brother, husband and son. Earnest in the desire to burst the fetters with which indolence and fash ion have bound them, and become some thing beside the nervous, shrinking, in efficient beinsrs thev now are : workinr o j . - ever with miht in the great cause of Truth and Justice ; making their lives beauiiful by deeds of humanity, charity and love. We would not he understood as utter- Iv contemning the fashionable accom plishments of the day. They do not in the slightest degree interfere with the highest mental culture ; a high minded noble-hearted woman is none the less so for being a fashionable, graceful or beau tiful one. It is by no means necessary in cultivating the intellect, woman should eschew all Ihe gentle and attractive graces of her sex. On Ihe contrary, we would impress upon her that it is her du ty to be as pretty and fascinating as she can. It has been urged as a great cause of complaint against those who, by fit tinr themselves for a life of usefulness and profit, have " stepped out of their sphere," they at once lost all pride in ap pearaoce, and effect to despise the win ning and endearing graces practiced by others less highly gifted than themselves. They express their contempt for the tol ly of such, by wearing ill-fitting dresses, badly shaped shoes, frightfully ugly bon nets, and go about with rough, ungloved hands. This is a species of self sacrifice we might appreciate, and think heroic if they could in any degree benefit the cause in which they feel interested, by making frights of themselves ; but we never can be convinced that a badly dressed or slatternly women, who hates music, birds, and little children (how ever well educated or strong-minded, could advocate a good cause, with half so much effect, as if she were neatly at tired, well mannered, and confessed to a few feminine 1 kings of this sort. But we would most earnestly express our distaste for such as are known gen erally as " highly accomplised women." Those who are learned in the science of music, can lisp French, Italian, and Span ish prettily, who can draw, paint, nnd dance to perfection, and do nothing else nothing to better their own souls, nothing to make home happy, nothing to fill a husband's heart, nothing to inspire children in a noble ambition for a pure life, nothing to create their respect, es teem and admiration. We once heard a distinguished states- man say : "Jti 1 nave acuievea augm 01 greatness, I owe it all to my sister. Left motherless at an early age, I fell to her charge, and nobly she fulfilUd her promise to be to me a protect adviser and friend. She fitted herself to be come my teacher, eargerly entered in to the course of studies she designed me to pursue ; hei clear and vigorens mind peculiarly fitted her for her task of im parling instruction. She fitted me for college, decided me in the choice of a profesion ; and when wearied by cares, and harrased by doubts of ultimate suc cess, her words of encouragement and cheer were ever ready to console and strengthen me." "What higher office, what nobler mission, could woman desire, than thus to awaken to action, and use fulness, the grandest spirit of the age. Again in speaking of her he said : "In spite of the many arduous duties which devolved upon her apart from the care of a wilful boy, she was the best dressed and most truly accomplished woman I ever knew' High praise this, from one who had spent j ears of his life at ihe gayest court and among the most attract ive women in the world. Such women are rare, yet they do ex ist, and when found ' their price is far above rubies, "such are they who do " their husbands good and not evil all the days of their life." Could women but feel what immense influence for good or ill they exercise on those around them, better natu-es might be aroused ; but whilst they remain im pressed with the idea that, in looking pretty, speaking softly, and dressing tastefully, they fulfill tho entire aim of their existence, they will ever remain useless drones in the bee-hive of life. Woman's A ivccate. TakIsg a Landlord at his Word: We havj heard of cool things, but never anything cooler than the following: The landlord of a hotel at Whitehall call ed a boarder to him one day, and said "Look o' here ! I want you to pay your hoard-hill, and You mut. I've asked you for it ortcu enough ; and I tell you now, that you don't leave my house till vou Dav it ! "Good !" said his lodger "just put that in writing ; make a regu- lar agreement of it ; I'll stay with you as Ion- as I liv !' nick. TWO IN HEAVEN. " You have two children," said I. " I have four," was the reply. "Two on earth, two in heaven." Thus spoke the mother ! Still her's ! only " gone before !" Still remembered, loved and cherished, by the hearth and at the board : their places not yet filled; even though their successors draw life o from the same faithful breast where their dying heads were billowed! ". Jwo in heaven !" Safely housed from storm and tempest; no sickness there ; drooping heads, nor fading eye, nor weary feet. By tho green pastures : tended by the "Good Shepherd, linger the little lambs of the heavenly fold. " Two in heaven !" Earth is less attractive ! Eternity nearer ! invisible cords drawing the ma ternal soul upwards. " Still small" voices, ever whispering come I to the world-weary spirit. " Two in heaven !" Mother of angels ! Walk softly 1 holy eyes watch thy footsteps ! cherub formj bend lo listen ! Keep thy spirit free front earth's tint ; so shall thou "go to them," though they may not return to thee." Fanny Fern. to [For the Chronicle.] COMMON SCHOOLS. : Editors Chronicle: As this is about the season for the commencement of our Summer Schools, and the attention of the public seems to be directed to that subject, I would ask the favor of a small space in your paper, for the purpose of making a few suggestions on that subject. It will be admitted by almost all re flecting minds, that our Common Schools are not as forward as we might expect, from the time spent, and money expend ed in supplying them. The inquiry then naturally arises ; what causes can be assigned, why, in an old, settled, and wealthy country, with Schools kept from seven, to ten, and twelve months in the year, so little im provement should be made? Several reasons might be given, but, in my opin ion, the principle cause is, the employ ment of so many young, inexperienced. and inefficient teachers. In estimating the qualifications of teach ers, I should be guided by entirely dif ferent rules and regulations, from those adopted by our present School Examin ers. Something more is required of those to whom wo intrust the education of our children, than merely answering techni cal or puzzling questions, most of them of no practical use ; and affording no tes s of scholarship, or fitness for the arduous, and responsible duties of an instructor of youth. In these remarks, I do not wish to be understood as censu ring any of our present efficient, and gentlemanly. School Examiners in this part of the State, for personally I have no cause of complaint. The objections are to the law itself, rather thsn to the adminis: ration of it ; and some of the School Examiners, I have reason to know, agree with me in my objections Now let us look to the operation of this law. Notices are published in some newspaper, generally in the Spring and Fall, wherein applicants are notified to assemble at the County Seats, and be examined. The applicants are under the necessity of leaving home, often before daylight, and traveling, frequently thro' storms, in these variable, and inclement seasons, ten, fifteen, and twenty miles, to the place of examination, and arrive weary, and exhausted. They a e then, without sufficient time for rest and re freshment, hurried to the place of exam ination, sometimes to the number of six ty, ssjventy, or one hundred, all in one room, and here commences .a hurried, and necessarily very imperfect, exami nation. Questions are selected, of little or no practical use, and those who are fortunate enough, " partly through de sign, and partly through mere accident," to answer the questions, are duly licens. ed to teach a Common School for three, or six months. While those, who, from diffidence, or physical inability, to endure the fatigues of such examinations, however high they may stand iu public estimation, however successfully they may previously have been in teaching, for a failure to answer certain questions, are rtjecteJ. There are probably, on an average, from one hundred and fifty to two hund red applicants for examination in each County in this part of the State. At the lowest estimate, it costs them S2.0J each, to go to the County Seat, and rpend the day, and travel the most part of two nights. This jouney, per formed twice ia each year, costs the teachers of each County from six to eight hundred dollars a j ear ; agrea'er pro fessional tux than is paid by Lawyers, j Clergymen, Physicians, and other pro- I frssious, put together. i A rounjj man. wishing to follow the profession of law, eaters his name wi some Attorney of record, and after two years' study, and a very slight examina tion, is admitted to the bar, and allowed practice law throughout the State. Now it is not pretended that a young :. and inexperienced student, thus admit, ted, is competent to superinted intricate, . and important suits ; but it is supposed that if he is a person of sound m:nd, in dustrious habits, and good morals, a laudable ambition to excell, and rise to eminence in li professiou, will induce " him to make the necessary improvement, and he ia admitted for life. But it appears that a different rule is followed with resoectto teacWr nnrl : the presumption seems to be, that in tho brief space of six months, although act ively engaged in teaching, they will U utterly unqualified, and must again ba subjected to the exposure, and trouble of another examination. Now it does appear to me. that with all the efforts made by school examiners) to improve, and raise the character of our Common Schools, the principal cause of the failure of improvement, has not yet been discovered. . What is the present condition of most of our Common Schools ? Why a trav eler passing through the County about the middle of the day, can. generally tell when he is within from one fourth, to a half a mile' of a school house, by the noise and confusion, rattling of chairs, tables, and benches ; screeching, and . hallowing of thescholais. On approach ing the scliool house, he will, most prob ably, see some rare specimens of Young America, engaged in pugilistic encount ers, or pitching, bead foremost, out of the doors and windows ; often with such profane, or improper language, and in such a rude and boisterous manner, as would not be tolerated in a bar-room , grocery, or beer saloon, and in some in stances, but little better order is enforc ed d uring the hours of school. Yet such, schools- aro kept by licensed teachers. who have answered Ihe quest ons, and the diiectors aie not allowed to employ any others. Bat, how are these evils to be reme died ? In the first place, although I con sider the law regulating th -"-examination of teachers, somewhat defective, yet, such, a practice might be adopted, under the present law, as would tend greatly to the improvement of our Common Schools. The inspectors should select from the ap plicants, a number of persons, residents of the County, of sufficient age and experi ence ; (those who have heretofore been successfully employed in teaching should be prererred,) of studious, and industri ous habits, good morals, and who are well quallified to govern, as well as to teach Common Schools; and to all such, -certificates should be given for two years, with an express understanding, that upon their impiovement, and success in teaching and governing, schools, would depend, renewal of their certificates ; and that without such improvement, and evi dence of fitness for teaching, ceitificates would be withheld, and theyrecommend ed to follow some other occupation. If a sufficient number of such teachers could not be found, and it should be n cessary to give certificates to young and inexperienced applicants, they should be granted for shorter terms, but on the same conditions; and whenever any teachers, whether young or old, possess the necessary qualifications for success fully controlling the youth, (often unac customed to any government at home,) who compose our Common Schools, and are able to govern them without corpo ral punishment; (which no well quali fied teachers will resort to, ex.-ept in ex treme cases, ) such teachers, whether male or female, should be considered as useful and valuable members of commu nity, and should be encouraged, and sustained by the examiners, and by the public, even if they should chance to miss a few unimportant questions on their examinations. There are several instances within my recollection, when teachers, who have been heretofore successfully employed in teaching, and who stood high iu the public estimation, as teachers, are now rejected, and ther places are supplied by persons without experience, and entirely unfit to take upon themselves the re sponsible duties of instructors of youth. In conclusion, there are but few per sous in all respects well qualified, to be come the instructors of youth, and the necessary qualifications, are not to be found exclusively, in the high schools, or among the students of our Colleges, but whenever persons are found possessing il.e necessarv qualifications, whether thev arc found in the mechanics shop ; at the plow, or engaged in the domestic duties of the household ; they should be and sustained. TRUMBULL. The more a man is envied, tiio less ha 13 f-pareJ.