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If I Ell' ' 1St V y tr1 I I I' ' I 1 A. V A.' f 1 WsJJ ' I II 1 I Afc 1 I I A A , A ' Mfc9fcw ' "V J" A " V a '$., ZA 5e f 1 II I I r- n ?1. IL.. 1 II 3 1 AYf'. 1 4-iS, ' mil kill bit A& .stffc'k J .. WNisw. X If i AH'ST B 1 4f07 "VTV y, s: s it: -.( -VOL.-XXXII. COLUMBUS. OHIO, SATURDAY MORNING. Jl)NE 3, 1865. in- I ! 02 NUMBER 287.v i ; ; : - ' 1 ' , ; : : : ; , . . . HBiDLlOICHJlBJICO ARB DAILV RECEIVING SUMMER GOODS ' Op, ALL VARIETIES. '' , f V'.." ' ' : - V Rich Dress Goods! ' ' ' IN Silks, Grenadines. Chalie- Organdies, &c. FIXE L1CES, EMBROIDERIES AND A FULL LINE OF 3r OT IONS, Clotlis and Cassimeres, , SHAWLS, LACE POINTS, y U U A lx fiF, Alio, the Hle.t itI of SILK BASQUE, from NOS. 230 AND 252, South Ilisrfi Street. Great It eduction ir- PRICES FALL A IVD WINTER : CLOTHING, Furnishing Goods VALISES, RUBBER GOODS, &C. AT I3TAR "I : . ' dt :i. IS Nos. 6 & 7. Nell House Build . Ing, South Flgh St., , OPPOSITE TO ENTRANCE STATE CAPITOL rpO CORRESPOND WITII THE Pre. X'.'anl tow prioeof Gold, I bars determined to oieeeouttt . GREATLY REDUCED PRICES " . mj entir stock of , ' t FALL AND , WINTER GOODS, 1 r a-... : f : ': l!'KV : '.!. ' .... eonaUtlngof every krtiole neoeiur foe oomplete outdt for the CITIZEN ' AM) BILITAR V TRADE, ' HiTini the 1ntt end mott exteniir itoek of Clothing ia Uolnmbu, both m regktdj 1. 1 .lit1' i;- .: : ' ; . , I - -' Quality, Style and Prices, I otn oAf 'iape'rier IndueeraenU. ii my Itoolc mi bouht anring the latedesllne in food.- To Mili tary and Oitiien itranicera I would ay, give me a eatf. and I oan Guarantee that Ton will ro away aW lefied. I hare ali constantly on hand a eompletv' Jiortment ot Swords,; 'j 1 1 f . s ; j evid 0 . Strapa,;, ,,,.rr... .V::.v- " Ornamentg, ; ; Rubber Talmas, FUBBER COATS, LEGGINGS, &C. kiParaiihincCkwdailhareanextra lar('itoek tf Hoarfa, Linen and silk Handkerchiefs, Ulovn, InderUarmenta, Whiteand Woolen Sbirta, Collars, to.. to Ooimeeted with the ettabliahment la my MERCHANT, Tailoring Departmen wheTtfoah he (band a full atook of Cloth, Cantmerea, BMyera MHionn, and Vesting!, which will be made p in the latest atyle and at . REASONABLE RATE3. ON,-.I?OttGElP!.:TIB'PIA Irt O'-'lO Jff '''i '"ft ' ' r, Ii-'. 'T til J MAUCUCUILDS, u t.nes YwodoofMmPo.tofflc." ' deA- . .:. FRANKLIN NATIONAL BANK or .mil 1 pEStCWATEO'vPEPCStTCRV; v FINANCIAL ACENT s'vi':,u Of' the Cnita Statta). .yrvi ' i1 7 ' -" ' BjejTep ' Snbatcrlptlonw , for the 7 ' 810 LiOHD. . iiv wl Sella alT Jiiflfi"3C OOYEIiWBIENT BONDS ini'DIaoaanta'and. iaiakea advanoei' on approTed Olflli III 1 SPECIAL NOTICE. PRY GOODS j ACTUALLY i Marked Down ! POSITIVE ABATEMENT IN PRICES OP Calicoes to SJO otisu. I , MuHlinstoSOottji i DELAINES. ! ! CII ALLIES, . . AND ' ' ' DRESS GOODS, All DOWN! ' DOWN! DOWN! r NEW SPRING CLOAKS, j " " VEUV CIEAP f ' ' fc ' And out Id the prevailing etylee of the preaent ,r"-;" a Muon, av- - MILLS', ; :--SCHEBMERHORH & CO,, 183 Sentb Hlfh St., Union Block. apM-dly SPRING. 1865. i r Still Greater Reductions IN THE PRICES OF DRY GOODS! BAIN & SON, .toak 83 to 20 Bouth Illfih Street, A nE NOW OFFEIIINO AT GREATLY f V reduced prions, their immense and rery deaira- eie atocg 01 FOREIGN & DOMESTIC DRY GOODS ; tooorrespond with the preaent decline In G0LDAlDCOTTOlV. Calteoea Reduced. Muslins Reduced. ' Kheetinn Ke lneel. ,' bhirtlngs Reduced. , De Lainee Kedueed. Alpaccaa Reduced. Dres Uoods Reduced. i ' Balmoral Si irt Reduced. H 'usekeepini t"odn kuced, ' . ,. . Table Linens Reiluood... , , Bed Quilts Reduced. 1 ' '' Shawl A Mantles Reduced. BlackUrea. auks Keduooa, 40., o. ' mchST TRAVELERS INSURANCE CO, OF HARTFORD, CONN. CAPITAL,. - Ij300,000, , INSIjBES AGAINST ' ACCIDENTS of ' ; ' EVERY DESCRIPTION GENERAL ACCIDENT POLICIES ' For Five Hundred Dollars, with 13 per week com pensation, can be had for (3 per annum, or ANT otbbr tv between 50 and 10,000 at proportion ale ratea. T WENTr-FjVE DOLLARS PREMIUM Secures a Policy for $3,000 or (25 per week compen sation for all and every description of accident traveling or utnerwise unaerauKMBRALACGiDiKT Policy, at ohoinartkati. ,; - ! FIFTY DOLLARS PREMIUM Secures a full Polior for tlO.000 or (SO per week compensation, as above. FORFiniff RISKS. PnlfnU. tunml for Fnriffn. Wast India, anif f!al- ifornia Travel. Rates can lie learned by application to the Utnoe or Aaeuoies. SHORT TIME TICKETS. . . . This Cnmnanv's iNSURANCt TlCtKTI for OVS or thirty day vaval may be p'uronaud .at maty of. the Raiiway or (ieneral Tieket Offioea and Hotels. Ten oenis will buy a ticket for one days' travel, in surin 3,000 or 18 weekly eoropenaation. Tioket policies may be bad fur 3, 6 and 13 months, in the same manner. tlaxardous tilsksraken at tiazaraona nates, no Mwlioal Examination .required. Policies written bv the Conwany'e Agenta., Policies issued for 110.- OtWand for five years. " ' " ' DIRECTORS. ' Onstavn F. Davis. " Thomas Belknap, Jr.; , W. H. D. Callender. Charlea White.. Jaa.L. Howard, eo. W. Moore, Marsha1! Jewell, tbeneier Roberta, ," ; UODNElf DBNNW, 3 Corneliue B. htwln, Hugh Harbison, George S. Oilman, ; Jonathan B. Bunoe. G. BATTERSON 1 President. oeeretary. JOHN F. DRYDEN. Aarnt. iV lOTbouthHifhatreot, Columbus. mayl5-d4w TOHL MILES M'OOAAL S, SO0CE33OR3TO GEO. A WM. MoDOK AU)) &RO CER S, . No. 124 South Hlfh Strcoi. psorsiSTOfii or thscoldmbus jowtkb , ! .'i,,.!!. ' ' ., A CENTS FOR THE SALE OF THE . MEDBERY -WHITE WHEAT FLOUR. J Atenu for the sale of Gardner, Phippe A Co. 'a ao -far Cured Hams. :f"jv M r.-:. iiMlera In CHOICE':' FAMILY , GEOOERIGS Of every DaeoripUon, Imported and Domestij. ".. V . . ' ". Fine Wlnea, Cordials, Llquort, 8enra,'0!lv Oils, Sardinea, etc. Will foods delivered free of hK ,di ,;;..'. i 'v MoCOLM.i Mll.ES ft MCDONALDS, miyl,diy No. W 8outh Hlh St. ST. CHARLES HOTEL. CORNER OF .v ..;,.; Wood and Third Street, JpiTf SBURCH, PA. SEITHER & RIALy Proprietors mayio; 1 1!: I' !: I ; : : Mb statesman LETTER FROM HON. C. L. VALLANDIGHAM, To the "Young Men's Democratic Association" of Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Gentlrmen: From your President and secretaries, as also irom individual mem berg, I have, within the past three months, received repeated cordial invitations toad dress your Association. While a comnll ance In person would be most agreeable to me, I do not believe that either time or circumstances is auspicious just now forac tive political agitation. Hut 1 avail myself or your Kind request, to present, very re tpectlu.lly, in writing, a few thoughts upon me present position ana uucy or tno uem ocratlc party. At the best they can be but conjecture in part, and Jn part suggestion ; lor lie would Oe a doiu man, and ought to be omniscient of as well the future as the present, who should attempt to lay down, in these times, when the scenes change with the diversity, suddenness and marvelous contrariety of theatric representation, a Us ed rule of nolicv uoon anv nubile oueetlnn Yet with this qualification, and speaking lor myseu oniy, i snail address you witn becoming freedom and candor. I do not, indeed, conceal irom myself, tneapprehen slon that we are rather at the beginning . than the end of a great revolution, and th it jfree institutions in America are to-day far ; iiiuic u pun ti iui tiiau at hiiv iienuu uunuic i fne pasc rour years, ii, indeed, tne agen cies or lorce were at once to give place to the arts of peace, and ulacid liberty recula ted by law, tub piorege, to succeed the sword, the melancholy forebodings of the more thoughtful among us might yet prove to be the vain fears ot men whom much learning in nistory and ail enlarged study ot liumau nature have made timid. I surrender mv- setf willingly, however, for the present, to the cheering illusion .ot those who believe that miraculous nower willatraln luternose. and a great calm, at tne word of command. ! lollow" the tempestuous raging of the sea. 'The Democratic organization will, of course, be maintained, surviving every ; change of party and pulley from near the beginning ot the Government to this day; often triumphant, sometimes defeated, never conquered; always adhering, as a na tional organization, to the essential princi ples oi its lounuers, out adapting its poli cies, so far as these principles admitted, to ihechanglng circumstances of the country; ei during even through the great dangers an i tne mistakes ot Tim past lour years, and ut the end, numbering one million eight hundred thousand voters in the States which adhered to the Union a number larger within the same States than at any previous election It needs now only re-organization and discipline to make It powerful at ence and ultimately triumphant. For myself, under no circumstances, will Iconsent that the Democratic organization be dissolved, 1 so long asic shall have vitality enough to hold together. The masses of the party will never agree to tne surrender, wnatever the leaders, "so called, might attempt. I - The fundamental principles of the Demo cratic party, of course also, must remain unchanged so long as our Federal system. or even any form of democratic-republican Government, snail survive; and especially its tfue bT-iTE-RtQHTS doctrihb not Nullification, not Secession, but the theory of our system laid down in the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions ot 17'J8, as In terpreted tly . their iaotjiors;. the .one by Madison In his Report In 1799, and the other by Jetlerson m his solemn olllctal inaugur al of 1801. Thus -Interpreted they were, and, I doubt not, still are the constitutional doctrines of the new Presidents So long as 'these constituto the accepted theory and the practice under our system, there can be 'no consolidated government, either Repub lic or Monarchy, in tho States which now make up the American Union. The other general principles of the Democratic party are but variations or amplifications of the Diaxims,i'the greatest good to the greatest number," "the Interests of the masses," "tho rights ot the many against the exac tions of the-few" axioms which, though the demagogue may misuse or abuse them, 'lie, nevertheless at the foundation of all democratical government. But true as all this is, it would be the ex treme of folly not to comprehend and recog nize that, M to men And policies, tlie events of the past four years, and especially of the last jive weeks, have wrought a radical change. Old things have passed away; all things become new. -New bookSvias Mr. Webster said upon an occasion rf 'far less significance, are now to be opened. A new epoch in the American era has been reach ed ; and he who cannot how realize; or is not willing to accept this great fact, would do well to retire to his closet and confine hira gIf to funebral meditations over the history 'of the dead past, or airy speculations upon the impbsslble future. He may become an instructor, but is not fit to bo an actor in the stirring scenes which are before us. 1'be time will, indeed, come, and may not be far distant, when it will be justifiable and may be necessary to inquire into the causes of the civil war Just now apparent ly at an end, and to institute a scrutiny into the measure of guilt of those who are re sponsible for.it, as well North, as South ; and It is fortunate that we have a President who, upon neither side, is among its authors unless, indeed, his support , ot General Breckinridge for the Presidency in 1860 be reckoned up against him. In all else, at least, whatever may have been his position during the war, or shall be his course now, he is guiltless. Upon the other hand, by our political . foes, the line of conduct of those who opposed the war, demanded con ciliation, and Insisted that the path of peace was thbortest, easiest, iheapestt road to the Union, and of those who, marching in the same direction,-but along the rugged and bloody - highway of war, denounced only the policies of the late Administration, will be called in question. ' For myself lam ready'to-answery and by thew reeord' to be adjudged. If I erred. It was in. the glorious company of the patriot lounders of our peeuuar6ystem oi government, , ana now, acceptlngthe new orderol things, I yet en ter upon no defense for adhering to the last moment, to the policies of those great men. adopted and sanctioned as these' policies were, oy tne second: Keneraiion OI Ameri can statesmen. So far from it, I would con form yet as far as possible, to their teach- ings and practice. .We may not, indeed,. be ready to follow the-enthusiast who had rather, err with Plato than be right with other men ; yet neither are we tar enough corrupted, I trust, to be obliged to apolo gize for accepting Washington, 'Jefferson, Sherman, Hamilton, Webster, Clay- and Jacksop, as exemplars worthy of study and imitation. . But they were wise in their .day and generation. : let lis' be wise tit' dtirs) Whether theirs was not the.true wisdom for us also In the long run, remains to be seen ; for the end is not yet. And be that as It may, for any man to have erred as to the advent, progress, duration or final Issue' Of a civil war. which has mocked, so far, the pre science of the wisest statesmen of as well the Old World as the New. is no dlsDarare- meiit of any j udgment or intellect less than divine. In any event, tbeg that It be an- nounceu mat upon an questions oi vaticln atlon up to this point, I am "oulred off with tho Secretary of State; Mr. Sewardi But as to the present and future, and the new and stupendous questions which every day will now be developed, a public man's position must be determined, not by . his mistakes where all have-'erred, but by his capacity, nis integrity and His patriotism. The day has passed when the party epithets upon eitner side, wnicn were without justi fication, almost without excuse, even amid the rancor ot a civil war and the heat of partisan discussion, ought any longer to be toierateu. jn o man in tne Democratic party in uiHortn or west, or responsible or re cognized position, was for disunion or sen aratlon for its own sake. But if any such mere was, laise to tne Government of the Union, he was false also to tho Southern Confederacy, else his place would have been in the ranks of her armies. Some, indeed. not many, of the ablest and most sincere and honest among-us men who. to-dav- changing their opinions, are the worthiest of trust, and I speak strongly as one not of tneirconvtction believed tlmtonly through temporary recognition of Southern inde pendence, could tne Federal Union be re stored. Such, too, had been the declara tions before and in the beginning of the war. of many distinguished men in the lie publican party, some of them still high in position, expressed in language the most emphatic, going even to the extent of per manent separation. The record of these declarations remains; but to quote them, or to name the authors, is needless. The argu ment stands sufficient ot itself. ; It is not that the Democratic party oppos ed either the civil war or the peculiar pol icies upon which it was conducted, that is to exclude them from the confidence ot the people. Scarce a prominent man in the Ke pu bl ican ran ks,u nlcss of Democrat ic antece dents, from the late President down, but opposed many of them with unmeasured bitterness and violence the prosecution of tne foreign Mexican war. Devoted wholly to the Union, the old Union, in any event, the men of the Democratic party judged ot the war and of its policies solely by that standard, and upheld or opposed them ac cordingly. - The party and I refer to the question because it has been made the sun iect of recent newspaper comment will, indeed, certainly not follow the "Chicago 1'iaciorm. oi isoi, as a political text-book now, any more than the Kepubliean party, or its ueirsor assigns, wiu auopc tne "cmo f:o riattoriu" o! ISO), tor the same purpose n the future: not that the former was not the very best practicable at the period and for the occasion which brought it forth : but because, dealing In time of war, almost wholly with questions ot policy, not princl pie, U would. iu tune of peace, be quite as inappropriate as tne code ot Justinian or the Journals of the Continental Congress, All that need now be asked of our political foes is, that it be quoted correctly; the more especially since, though the work of i commltteo made up of some of the ablest and truest men in the Convention, and adopted by that body unanimously amid the rapturous applause of two hundred thousand freemen present or at hand, it survived but eight days dying of circum cislon. But there is one crown of glory, at least, during the terrible trials of the last four years, richest among the treasures of tne Democratic party, which cannot be ta ken away. If it shall so happen that to the itepiiDitcan.party.may be due the honor ot maintaining the Union, to the Democracy the country is indebted for the preservation of whatever remains of that other and even dearer birthright of Americans Constitu tional Liberty ahd private right. ' But laying all these questions aside for the present, 1 trust that all men who, in the old Roman phrase, feel alikeconcerning the Republic now, may be soon brought to act together, lie wno-cannot at this moment, for a season at least, forget his private griefs, or lay aside his prejudices against men and parties, for the sake of his country in an hour of trial which demands ail the wisdom of the wise and the utmost firmness of the Btontesthearted among us, is - too much ot a partisan to be anything of a pat riot. Fortunatelyamong politicians the la bor is usually not difficult. If the melan choly reflection of Cicero, in his later years, were well considered and just, that true friendships are most rarely found among those who concern themselves in public af fairs, it is quite certain also that perdurable enmities are equally rare with them. And it is the motive, not the new association, which marks the change of party habitudes, as patriotic or corrupt. It was not the mere fact that Fox and Burke united in coalition with Liord North, that made them all odious to the British people, but because the pur-. pose and, circumstances ot tno coalition were .unpopular and not just. Ilere and now the war having accomplished all that the sober and rational among its advocates ever claimed for"it the breaking down of. the chief military power or tne uontederate Government we have reached the point where all that class among its supporters, of whatever party, must now unite with thej friends oi peace and conciliation, in exnaust ingall the arts of statesmanship, to the end jthat a speedy and perfect pacification, and with it, a real ana cordial re-union, may be secured. The questions which belong to a state of war are, in thoir very nature and from necessity, totally distinct irom those which arise upon a cessation of hostilities. Men who have hitherto agreed on other is sues, will differ widely now, and new party association must follow. The hereditary supporters of the President just Inaugurat ed, must not assume that, as a matter of course, the Democratic party will be found in opposition u pon tnese questions. Un the record, up to the day when the Executive office, by reason of a horrible crime, was forced upon mm, ne nimseu umerea irom that party ouly, or chiefly as to the fact and the manner of prosecuting the war. Not responsible for anything done or' omitted Dy tne late ivumuiisiration, wuereoi me Democracy complained, now that the war is ended, he begins bis chief magistracy without past difference in principle or present separation as to policy. In any event, he is entitled at the hands of the Democratic party to a iair, canaia ana charitable consideration of the several measures which he shall propose, though most assuredly at the same time, it will be the duty of that party to render a strict, firm and fearless judgment upon them, and to act accoidlngly as they shall be found to merit support or to demand opposition. : It is. indeed, already to be lamented that al though General "Sherman may not have lllUMU V v. 1 1 . ... J it had the authority and he claimed -none K i .11 u Ik. Vb.,11., I for himself, rsiernhg all to the Executive his plan of Pacification and Re-union was not promptly confirmed by the President. It was toncise, comprehensive, complete; proving him not less wise and great in the seience of statesmanship, than grand and triumphant in the arts of war. .And it would have made peace. Immediate and sin cere ,"poceroB. (As JPotonm to the Bio vrahae" ; , inw wa n urvuu.congratuiaj. tnrv honst to his army at the end of the great struggle, and ik, of any victory in the field. Defeating the armed military ihosts of the. Confederacy, his alm,at the close, was to cou quer the hearts "ot Its people also, and to be exalted thus as the Hero of Peace the only true heroism In civil war. Upon the greatquestioa of RbcqnstiJC t&sv as the Democratlo party Js wfthoul power, so it is without responsibility. It can but accept or reject whatever measures -r may he proposed. If the policy whifth the President may recommend shall appear upon a calm and deliberate scrutiny, best adapted In general to secure a speed yj com plete cordial and lasting pacification npon the basis of the Federal Union of the States, it will, in my judgment, be lit and just that the Democracy, waiving all minor points of detail, lend to him a liberal, earnest and patriotic support in carrying it Into execu tion. If, upon the other hand, It be such as can but make that solitudo which conquer ors call peace; or, worse if possible, that peace which hangs like,a black and heavy pall, over Hungary, Ireland, Poland, then it will be the duty of the Democratic party, with determined firmness and fearlessness, to Interpose such constitutional and legal opposition, through the press and In pupliu assembly, as may bo just and elllcientv till either the President shall be impelled to change both his Cabinet and the measures to which they 'may have advised him, or the people, peaceably through the ballot, Shall be enabled to secure pacification and Union by a change of Administration and Of policies. I say a change, in part or in whole, of the Cabinet, in advance ot tho election ; because, remembering the pecu liar circumstances under which the office fell to the President, his advisors, "the Min istry," are rather to be held responsible than himself. As to the hitherto vexed question of Sla very, allow me to say for myself, that from tho very first to tho last,' with consistency and persistence, I opposed all agitation of the subject; not tor the sane ot the institu tion I repeat It, not for the sake of the In stitution, but because I had been taught by the Fathers to believe, and did trnly believe, that It could end only in civil war and dis union, temporary oreternal--whether right or wrong, let the history of the last four years decide. The price has now been weighed out and in part paid. A heavy score yet remains. But I will not essay to reckon up and adjust the appalling account of debt and taxation, of suffering, crime and blood in the past or yet to come. Again I accept the facts; rejoiced, indeed, if under the new order ot things, we and our chil dren may enjoy the same measure of pri vate happiness and'puhlic prosperity which was permitted to us and to our fathers un der the Old Union, "part slave ahd part free." And now, if without slavery, re-union and a pacification real, sincere, and last ing, together with welfare and security to the people of all. the States, cau be made sure, let slavery utterly perish. But in no I event, let the question stand any longer in .the way. l still would prefer the .Union, the Federal Union, the Old Union yes, "the Union as it was, under the Constitution as it is" to either slavery or the abolition of slavery. Fanatics at home, and envious, supplanting statesmen abroad, may not be able or willing to comprehend this con viction : every true and liberal-minded American patriot will. The fatal mistake of the South her "blunder," which a i false morality pro nounces worse than a crime, was in Ignor ing the great American idea of One Coun try not an impulse, not a theory, not a mere aspiration of national vanity, but a commandment written by the finger of Uod 'upon the rivers and the mountains and the whole face of the land, and graven thence upon the hearts of the people. It was this. not anti-slavery, which held the border slave States in tho Union, and stirred, for good or evil, the whole North and West to such exertionsof military, naval and finan cial force, us never before were put forth by any nation. And it was this grand and per vading national sentiment, hedged by the sanction of destiny, which, according to the measure of my ability, I undertook to expound and justify in the House of Rep resentatives, in 18C3, and by this line of ar gumentation to establish that the Union through peace was inevitable. Nothing but the violence of auintcpse counter-passion, and the terrible pressure of civil war, could have suppressed, even for a time, the power of this sentiiwmt among the people of the South also. Had their leaders for borne to demand separation and a distinct Government, adhering to the old flag, and, within the Union under the Constitution, firmly but justly, required new guarantees for old rights believed to be iii peril, they might not, indeed, have had barren and de luding sympathy from subjects, and false hopes ot assistance from kings and empe rors in Europe, eager lor tho decline and fall of the American Republic; but they would have been cheered by the cor dial .. greetings and . the active sup port of finally an overwhelming majority of the States and people of the . West and jNorth.. But when they established a per manent Qisiuict government, anu iook up arms for independence, they marked out between them and us, a high wall and deep idilch which no man, North or West, could pass without the guilt 'and the penalties ot treason. Tiiey went oeyond theteaohings of their own greatest statesmen of the past age, for Mr. Calhoun himself had declared. jinI83I,thnt "the abnse of power, on part (of the agent (the Federal Government), to the injury or one or more ot the members' i(the States), would not justify secession oh their part: there would be neither the right inor the-pretext to secede." No matter who jwas responsime originally tor that condi tion ot! things whieh led finally to war, nor what the motives and character of the war after its inception and upon both these Questions I entertain and have expressed opinions as fixed as the solid rooK--so far as the south lomrnt, for a separate govern ment, she stoocTwholly wltnout sympathy or support in1 the States which adhered to the Union, whatever' else may : happens her vision ot Independence has now melted into air. In the appeal to arms main tained upon both sides for four years with a courgage and endurance grandly heroic Ehe has, failed : and though It had happened otherwise, still, In my deliberate conviction, her experiment of distinct goverhmeht would have failed also.; But the sole ques tion reaiiy aeciaea oy tne war, as oy peace years before it had beep settled, was that two several governments could hot exist among the States of the American Union. And here tne wnoie controversy ought to end ; with or without slaveryvl earfe not, so it end here.' If 'upon this point, the "Crit' tenden Resolptlon" of July, 1861 "proposed too, at the same time, in the Senate, by An drew Johnson should be modified, let it in all else, both in spirit and letter, be, exi actly carried out. But whatever, policy may no w be decreed and 1 trust it will be a jwise, a liberal, a healing policy it 14 thepart : or wisuuru iur iiio. peupie ui uisi ooutn TO acquiesce; returning wholly and cordially .... .j , O - w,w vw.ii.uuj to the Union, thus making it onoe again a I A..,OAMfc . - : tAM -tf I j union ot consent, a union of hearts and hands, aa our fathers and their fathers made it at rireU. Then will the passions of the recent terrible strife speedily?. bei hushed. Already millions in the North and West regard them as brethren still, and in a little While these millions will become a vast ma jority of the people, ud will see to it that ;uie solemn pieuge : do 'redeemed and, the jUniom restored; with iall ' thei dignity, equality and rights of the . several States 'unimpaired." With slavery, the people of the South will prosper within that Union as Ibeforoj.i Without slavery, ifl in a wise and Judicious :way4t shall be. abolished they must in less than a single generation ex 'cept possibly as to two or three States-be-oohWmore populous, prosperous and pow erful Mian uy owier section. And though 'every Southern State Government slio'ild nd though nt sho'ild (Olitlo and . Ml J"l ;.! be rcofanlzed--an act both impolitic I unneccssary--yet In ten j'eari If Our FedJ -eral system survive, .the 'Whole -.people of every State will be restored to all their rights within the State, and the South hold, along with alt her Citizens, the same posl tion of equality and Influence which she held fifty years ago.. This is the lesson of history, the law. of, human nature; and no narrow, suppressing spirit ot revenge, or of bigotry and scetionallsm,'in the form of test oaths and teasing, restraining, denying regulations without number. can stay the Inevitable result no, not even though it should succeed now In controlling the civil and military power of the Federal Gov ernment,, and, .. .. .' '1 ; ,'. "Dressed in a little brief authority, .-. ' Flay such fantastic tricks before high Heaven, As innke the angelB weep." , ' But to return: as to the time and manner, as well as the results of abolishing slavery, and gravest ot all, what shall be done with the : negro, the power and responsibility are alike with the Administration; and again ID will: be for the Democratic party, guided by the light of its ancient principles and looking only , to the public good, simply to,accept or reject, , The question of the political ahd social status of the negro, is essentially and totally distinct from the issne of African servitude; and any man may have been or be yet radi cally anti-slavery, without being a friend to negro suffrage ahd equality. Party spirit or pressure, indeed, has driven many IntW support of the doctrine, contrary to both im-" pulse and convictlon;' but now the Issue is" changed. Outside of slavery the negro, where admitted to reside in a State, ought to' be the equal of every other man in all legal' rights and remedies, just as is the female or the minor. But political rights and social usage are questions which each State and community or Individual, must he permitted ttlone to decide. And four millions of Afri cans are not to become tho wards nndtmnils of the whole American people, nor the Fed eral Government a vast eleemosynary insti tution maua up ot guardians and trustees and professors ahd school masters for the negro population. Whatever par now:' with the pressure of anti-slaverv and war removed, undertakes tlie task, will fall be fore the popular reaction. Not the neonlrr only, but a large majority of the army and oi us Dravesc ana aoiest otneers, and fore most among them the gentleman whom I have already named with honor, arc deter-' mined In their hostility to the whole doc trine ot negro sullrage and equality, and to" its natural and' necessary but unclean co.r rollary, miscegenation. And It is not a ques-! tlon of religion or philanthropy, as slavery- was, assumed to be; hut or pure politics. Women, minors, and aliens are alike ex cluded from political rights upon grounds of policy; and yet all are of the human family nay or our own race, and more yet, are, many of them, our own mothers and sisters and wives and brothers. A far high-' er and impelling puhlio policy, enforced by . tne example oi Aiexico anu other republics and countries ot mixed races not of one common stock, and fifty fold more essential now if four millions of African slaves are to be set free at once among us, forbids po litical equality to the .negro, where we de ny it to our own ileBh and blood and to those of our own households.. Said Mr, Jefferson, forty-four years ago, and after the Missouri. Question: . , , . "Nothing s more certainly written In the took of fate, tjian.that these people (negro slaves) are to be free; nor Is it less certain that (lie two races, eyually free, cannot, live in the game gov;crnuieii. Nature, habit, opinion have drawn indelible Hues of dis-. tinction between them." .', And headvised gradual emancipation and deportation. JUarein lies, bath the difficulty, and the danger of dealjnguow with.slavery in the South. . . Upon the question of the political rights.' of the negro, "we are beyond the taiint and, reproach ot the monarchists of Europe..' When tbey shall have introduced universal white sullrage, removed the disabilities lm-i posed upon millions of their own subjects, and abolished all titles of nobility and other ; distinctions of rank,it will be time enough ' for them to again interpose in the domestic atiairs of the American itepumic, On. this Question, too. tho Democratic party has a record which It cannot reject.'. It has proclaimed that though all men, of. whatever race, may be equal before tho municipal law, yet that the government, here were made by white men to be control-, led by the white race.,. But be this as it may, the entire ouestion, whether , slavery re main or be abolished, belongs solely to the, people of each State to decide for themselves . else the whole theory of our System of governments has been surrendered, and the system itself Is perished. . Another suoject remains upon waicn tne Democratic party can yield, not one jot or; tittle. By every principle pf its being, by' Its very name, by its whole' record, it is in exorably committed to hostility to all vlo-j latlon of freedom of speech and of the press; to .arbitrary arrests and military commis-, sions for the trial, upon any charge, of citi zens lii States and places where the judicial tribunals, with trial by. jubt, are unob-j structed; to armed or corrupt interference; with elections; and to the whole host of, other wrongs done , to public liberty and, private right. There cau never be peace,! quiet or dearest, most needful tothehu- ', man heart, beyond even physical health to the system the sense of security, till all ' these shall have Deen removed from us. But upon tblschlcfest question of constitu tional, liberty, the Democratic party na, longer stands alone. A large majority of, the masses of the Republican, party, some among their most influential presses, and many of the ablest and bravest public men of that party, 03 the votes and the powerful and ' manly speeches. In the Senate and House at the late session attest, are wholly , with us. H the President would, by one word, secure the largest public confidence. let him forthwith restore the habea oorpu. and, proclaim an end to ail tnese instru-, ments of tyianny and oppression. . As to the "Monroe doctrine," I do not doubt that its speedy enforcement would, tend more than any other cementing agency, to unite the people of all sections. ..Without, the vindication of that doctrine, the mission of Manifest Destiny will have been but half achieved, and, Abe bipod, and treasure. BRent, in urciY.il war largely ,expendea,,1a vain., Upon the Monroe doctrine, England is es-' tonned to make any. issue with us,,and must. remain at peace,! ,, i- ' .,r ., . . ; I have said nothing upon questions of Fi- nances-debt, taxtion, Units, a disordered- currency and lmpenamg Daniiruptcy., These are the inevitable penalties ot war.' But they are mischiefs which,.. have scarce. yet been lcK. ; Sufficient, abundantly sum-, . . : j ii, .. . , . r t eleni unto tne naywiu ue uieevuuiereoL, .Concerning the Democratic,, party as an,; organization, with new policies arising out of the issues of the hour, many of them to ; endure: for a lite-time, it Is essential, in n7 judgment, that a newji vitality alsO;bein-a lusea into iif ; in numpera, it is more puw-1 erful than at any former period.., That it, was unsuccessful, has been, at times but the ; fata of all narties. In the character, ability..' 'eloquence) integrity, aad lovei ,or epuntry , ot.lts puuitc.imeu ana, tne general, jniem-r.. gence, honesty and patriotism of Its tnaseea, it nMynhaUenjre comparison,,, with,, any Wty.Bnt for, seven years, ramTpaQre. 'It has lacked riky ofpurpose, and i-UMsTA-Mark' Aviarrn .At- aftrfctii -Tirl r Uwar'especially with the ooutrcd of but -two. istateawd; of tnejwenty-threo -which ad-, flhered to the Union without power,' pat-" , i,i.ii,;i)');i . i.i.fli. j si i-,i :i I pronage or Influence fn the Federal A3rnliP istration, and therefore without any special organization or agency authorized or perr mitted to prescribe a common line of poli cy and prompt united action npon the newI questions dally arising; and with the niost-j vigorous and vehement central authority, against it ever known,, wielding alike the clamor of patriotism and the cry of rell- ' glon, acting in politics, upon military prin-1 ciples and through military instrumentaljx ties, and to the whole power of the purse aud .that; purse the entire wealth of thej country, and tho whole power of the sword ahd that sword the entire fighting popula tion ot the country, adding' a supervision t and constraint over press, 6peech person! railroad, highway, steamer and telegraph,, all the modes of action and of locomotion and every vehicle of thonght, such alono' ' rs the fabled Brlareus might be supposed ) able to exert; with every appliance of both ! Church and State, and of social and bus!-., ness organization combined against it, It is rather amazing that the Democratic party did-not perish, than 'wonderful- tJiat.tC" should exhibit signs of partial' paralysis To-day, indeed, it lies a powerful but inert mass, yet needing only a new life blood, 1 a fresh vitality, the ''promethean fire," to be infused Into it. There are those yet amonglf the living who were actors, especially im Jackson's day, and many, younger thau J., ami who remember when the party was a. fower in the country, exerting nil the en- f ergy without miy part of the terrorism of' tlie late Administration. "Oh, for an hour t of Old Dundee!'' Without more of cour-, age, more vigor, more audacity,-if you please, In grappling with great questions7 as in former years, the Democratic party. j cannot, ought not to survive, and must give , W51V tf sniliP nHior I'nnu rrny ourl moia ftfn1 organization. If it is to remain in its nres- ! ent comatose state, at now the beginning of7 anew epoch in public aftairs. Ft were far better that it should be buried out of sMit nt once. Certainly I do not advise that it . snail move without occasion, and waste ita superfluous vigor upon the air. "Rightly; iu ue great, is not 10 stir witnout great ar gument; - anu it may Do months before pol-. icies and Issues are sufficiently defined to require it to act at all. But tho repose of' conscious power and the lethargy of: threatened dissolution, are very different things. ; , I have finished now what I would have ' said In person; had I accepted your invlta-1 tion to be present with you. I have con lined my ,address, I repeat, wholly to con-, jecturc and suggestion: and desire it es-, pecially to be remembered that I have writ-' tan not as one having authority, but solely1 for myself. Within this limit,.! have writ-": ten the more treely, because inasmuch as with the single exception of the honored Governor of New Jersey, no member of tho ' lemocratic party is in authority few even ' are in office any where, though amonR: these are 6orac of the mostemiiienteaeii, lias an equal right to speak to and for tho millions of freemen who make up theranks' of that party. I am persuaded, Indeed, that by pursuing a line of policy wholly different from that which I have sug-:; jested; by rejecting all middle' groundr by- offering persistent and indlscriml-' nate opposition to the Administration ; by t waiting with cunning aud unpatriotic pa, tience for aud seizing upon the changing, floodtlde of popular passion and re-action ' on the many and perplexing and most baa-' ardous questions which are to bo met now. aud decided by the president andhis advlsn ers-j'tJie Democratic party would, after some, years and in the natiirai course Of events, secure, through the forms of the Constitu tion, control of the government, with the power and unquestionably the will, set on' fire then by "patient search mnd vigillong, to take ample and violent revenge for' wronga real and imaginary. Such is the history of all revolutions and all great pop-; ular convulsions, But I still, seek peace; and would ensue It, and know well that"' meantime and after the event, as lor years' past, the country -would bo the victim at: last... .Patriotism aud the , public repose alike forbid it. C. L. VALLANDIGHAM. DAYTON, OHIO, May 5, 1865. - PUBLIC SALS REAL ESTATE, NOTICE IS nEltlCBY GIVEN THAT,' the Defiance Female Seminary will offer for sale' at pnblio auction at the dour of the Courts House in Defiance county, Ohio, at 10 o'clock A. Al-. on the ' u - J . 3Ist day of -Jane HextY 1 rr the following described lands belonging to said gem--. ...... , , IN DEFIANCE COUNTY. Ap-mW R'ngejTownl.Secl description.! Acres Hundi & 15 4 4 '.' a or.. '00 00 m ; 00' 00, oo 00 ' 00 00 ' 00 00 M 94 80 00 r MO 00 isM'OO! , WO 00 , ' mo oo eso oo , 800 00 40 ' , T10 00 l 400 00 1 480 00 f , 600 00 430 IS1 344 1A . U a ear. 80 ,80 81) HI. 40 80 80 : 80 80 i 80 80 IT b 14. S n e qr. 6 " 5 " 6. 4 4 4. 10 to n w qr K k w or. 10 wqofswQj 4 5 5 31 x ot a w qn k of a or 15 5 '13 is 3 m 3 MS 6 33 W of aeqr K li of- n nrl W knf ninrl K H of n w an 4C nr imnr Nwnwfreqr IN PAULDING COUNTY. f.Mi.! im -r t 1 No. Ao.-e Ap'm'nt B'Wie Town See DiciiririON Hand D. o.J 00 960 00 1 SO 400 M i 47 78T 23, S k nf n w hi l77o" JSO E knf HUB A I.WKnefraX , tll.B91.Sa,' 1 llt.n VI. a annra1jkrt v al 11 . A , .... purohare none; to be paid on the day of sale. 90 per r cent, in one jear.,20 percent, in two rears and 10 par cent, in three years from dar of sale, with annual i1 Payment to be secured by mortgage on theprem By order of the Board of Trustee". EDWIN FHELPaSeeV: Defiance, May 8, 1665. mayll-lnw "So i i -.;;o" in -.'l" ' i a '-:i"s':;i2 Sealed Propooalo 3.1 -nTItL HE RECEITKIl ATTHR MJl lit fioe of the- Superintendent of tha Central. Ohio Lnnatts Asylum at Colambns', 'Ohio, np to -noon of theS.h day of Jan next, for the masonry work and enMerialt far flniihina; lilie emu aifator wi nit extensions, a Wash Mouse, Drying, roon), Jronhac reem. Uaherfi Kltetion. An- Aft . rmt Mnr in Al.na and speaioattjoni to be eeen at the $ uperintendent'al -Yha ianAaainiT ISMil.r will U WlriJ i, ib. ! tond for th. faithful exeou tion of .th werk maa 4. complete tne same oy tne lat aay or uocooer next: PaynneBte. will be made aa tbevwork prorreaset.it twenty (20) per oent, at least, of too ooat bema re-. served Mil rUoompletioa.- -L ""i i. The Tfusteea reaerre the light toiejeet aoa M.alki bids made at their discretion. . ' oj r. -..i .iiosl BWM;-:l4.3?ECK,,n,';a 1 1) cfo n an cj Co m m i$st 6 ri Rddm ITE InrDEItSrOPlEO nAVE OPENllbH i an Auolioatand Uommiuioa Room ati J: - i'.-nj .u;- .l Jjil'iii!) Where they are prepareel to do a general Anctioei and Comnilaslon buainess. " l- - "v " - ' l l i .-X i: i - ... , ...... niwv wi,;M"lU!-ut pruirwL ii hkitwx (MBaeU to. either uicitf or oouuur, , i ,. .,, , ., Homebold.Fijrniture sola ereT rhafket mornloa , ttheTooni,eommeningat7lo'cloelti J - Also, Forrrrtare reaaired and TaroUhed on th1 horteat noiwoaadoatreaoaablermaj; rn :t r-'.r'r. .iX .-ii - TPBSKY1 RIJI0.' r... K