The Cadiz sentinel. [volume], April 04, 1844, Image 2

About The Cadiz sentinel. [volume] (Cadiz, Ohio) 184?-1851

Image provided by: Ohio History Connection, Columbus, OH

                
U luomns gnurangXSOmi TO THE PEO
PLE OF THE SOUTH."
The Savaaah Republican, a flaming Clay pa
pr of Georgia, says :
"We deny that Mr. Clay or the wmcs of
Georgia, whose candidate he is, seek for the es
tablishment Of A PBOTECTIFE TARIFF, DUt ADHERE
I j the principle of the compromise act.''
Her follows a declaration ernmating from t
Northern scnrce the New
pieJicted their charge against Mr. Van Buren
chiefly upon the following testimony : J
"Albaxy, February 29, 1S13.
"Mr Dear I thank yoa very kindly for
your friendly letter. I have at no time, nor any
where, hesitated to express 'my decided disap
probation of the Tariff act of the last session, as
well in respect to the principles upon which it
is founded, as to its details.
In good time you
York Courier d ave m9 t'eica " repect to that and other
, . . jjutjetij vtjurc iie puuiic, in me mean nine,
fairer .vnuso uW i uie pojom jncna. of i)elieve me t0 very sincerelv, your friend and
Henri Clay.
"Mr. Clay is the advocate of the principles of
protection, but OPPOSED TO PROHIBITORY
DUTIES. The Tribune daily advocates ultra
Tariff principles, the principles of the present
TarifT.1 TO THE SERIOUS INJURY OF
THE WHIG PARTY AND MR. CLAY.1"
Again ; That many parts of tlie existing Tariff
are grossly UPrREaM VE, and operate IN J U
RIOUSLY to every interett of the country, is a
mattes which admits of NO QUESTION."
As late as November last, Daniel Webster thus
expressed his condemnation of tha inequitable
principles of the present Tariff:
"I wish not for a large Tariff to encourage man
ufacturers.'''' "I wish for equitable laws, which
should be drawn with great care, and adminis
tered with great impartiality."
In our remarks preceding those authentic ex
tracts from Mr, Clay and his friends, we have
faithfully presented the positions assumed by the
whig politicians of the north. And what fdcts
have we elicited, taking all the evidence into
consideration ? Why, that those politicians are
in favor of a system of duties that shall prohibit
importations, as is proved in their advocacy of
the present Prohibitory- Tariff; while Henry
Clay, their distinguished candidate, though for
merly the warm advocate of this policy, has re
cently declared his opposition to it in the stron
gest possible terms, and expressed his opinion
that the "EXCESSES and DEFECTS" of the
present Tariff law "OUGHT TO BE CORREC
TED by supplirnental legislation." He also
avows himself in favor of a uniform system of 20
per cent duties, (the horizontal policy of the com
promise act,1) and declares (&-i'THERE IS
NO NECESSITY for PROTECTION!"
The New York Courier and Enquirer says he is
the oppoxext of a Prohibitory Tariff; and
Mr. Rives, the Richmond Whig, and Savanah
Republican, assert that his views approximate
nearer to "Free Trade" than those of Mk.
Vah Be ben.
Such is the relation which the Greeleys and
Weeds of federal whiggery at the north sustain
to Henry Clay, their "gallant leader," and can
didate for the Presidency. Is it an honest or
consistent relationship?
The whigs are fighting in ambus!). They con
ceal their real designs. They appeal to the cu
pidity of different sections of the country, where
it is sup'posed there is a contrariety of interests,
with a declaratien of views to suit the particular
locality in which they conceive tl:em to be pop
ular with the people. Hence these contradic
tions and inconsistencies. .
If Henry Clay is elected President of the Uni
ted States, it is impossible to conceive what the
policy of the administration will be relative to
the Tariff. His supporters at the north declar
ing him the advocate of prohibitory duties; his
friends at the south avowing him the champion
of a very liberal Tariff, lower than that which
Mr. Van Buren advocates; himself asserting that
his view3 are such as represented by his south
era friends with these contradictory statements
and antagonisms, how are we to judge what pol
icy he would pursue if elected?
We are sure, however, of one thing that his
administration would be governed by PROFLI
GATE POLITICIANS, who care less about the
honest industry of the country than their own
TERSONAL GAIN and POLITICAL ADVANCEMENT,
and would be very likely to sacrifice the interests
of the former to subserve the sinister purposes
of the latter. This is the only manner American
industry would be protected by the administra
tion under the guidance of Henry Clay and the
federal party. ,
The truth is, (and it is susceptible of irrefraga
ble demonstration) the democratic party are the
only honest friends to the encouragement of A
merican industry, and who can be relied upon at
all times and in all places. They never trim
their sails to catch the popular breeze, but pur
sue one unvarying course the path of duty and
patriotism. Their policy is a stable and consis
tent one; and for this reason it possesses an infi
' nite superiority over the never-settled, ever-chan
ging, popularity framed policy of their opponents,
so strikingly exemplified in the foregoing expo
sition. "It is this eternal change" says Webster,
"that unnerves the arm of enlcrprize and indus
try.
obedient servant. Martin Van Bvren.
This letter was written by Mr. Van Buren to a
friend in Virginia,and first published in the Rich
mond Enquirer. It will be seen that it condemns
the present Tariff law, "as well in respect to the
principles upon which it is founded, as to its de
tails."
It is quite natural it is even to be regarde
as a matter of course that a true republican like
Mr. Mr. Van Buren should condemn that odious
law. Look at its excesses and inequalities its
impoverishing tendency upon the productive in
dustry of the country and then determine wheth
er its "principles" or "details" are in consonance
with the golden rule of Jeffersonian democracy
which teaches "equal and exact justice to all
men" which makes it the only legitimate prov
ince of government to "protect ALL, and grant
favors to none to dispense its blessings like the
dews of Heaven, unfelt and unseen, save in the
freshness &, beauty they contribute to produce."
Here are some of the monopoly favoring and
anti-democratic discriminations of "the present
whig Tariff: It allows the farmer a "productive"
duty of less than lutlf a cent per pound on wool,
and gives the speculating manufacturerthe enor
mous protection of from 1 to $3 per yard on
cloth made and sold by him ; it levies a duty, up
on an inferior Quality of cotton goods, such as are
used by farmers, mechanics and laborers, of from
50 to 100 per cent., while the finer qualities, such
as dandies and aristocrats wear, pay but 30 per
cent. It imposes a tax upon coarse flannels worn
by the poor man of from50 to 100 per cent., and
upon fine flannels which the rich wear of about
40 per cent. An inferior quality of brown sugar
pays a duty of about 23 per cent. It taxes the
iron log chain of the farmer 150 per cent., and
the gold watch chain of the aristocrat only 7 per
cent : the cow hide boot of the laborer as much as
the fine calf-skin of the wealthy. In fine, all the
discriminations of this whig tariff are in favor of
the rich and against the pooh; in favor of the
bloated capitalist who rolls in wealth and af
fluence, and against the farmer, mechanic and
laborer, who earn their "bread by the sweat of
the brow" by honest toil and industry. It com
pels the laboring classes to pay the expenses of
government, and support in idleness and luxury
the aristocracy of the country.
Such are some of the principles and details
of the present Tariff, which Mr. Van Buren and
the democratic party oppose.
Would a democrat be justified in supporting
such a measure ? Is not Martin Van Buren cov-
erned by the noblest dictates of patriotism and
political honesty in condemning both its "princi
ples'''' and "detailsV Wo fear not the response
of a virtuous people to those interrogatories, for
they "know their rights, and knowing dare main
tain them."
"It is untrue that Mr. Van Buren is a "Free
Trade" man, and opposed to any Tariff. This
studied misrepresentation by the whig papers at
the North is for corrupt electioneering purposes;
it is designed to deceivo the electors and entrap
them into the support of Henry Clay, who is the
real enemy of the people and the friend of the
mero politicians, on all important political ques-
the provisions of the compromise act of 1S33. give him an entire monopoly of the home mar-!
The unbiased sentiment of the country, in res- kct. These are the direct advantages which re
pect to what is under such circumstances the suit to the manufacturing interest rroin the rais
proper tule for legislative action upon this sub- ing of revenue by the imposition of duties upon
ject, has, I think, by the course of events and the imports, instead of direct taxation.
process of opinion been brought to the conclu- Let us next consider whether the other ereat
sion, briefly expressed in one of the resolutions interests of the country derive any, and if any,
oi your convention, viz: -.i uiscinninaung iar- w!ua dnect advantages, trora this mode ot collec-
iff for revenue purposes only, and which will in- tmg t10 public revenue. I do not profess to be
cidentally protect AMERICAN" INDUSTRY." ag wen acnuainted with the progress &. probable
"But as experience has shown that the terms re9Uii, 0f our fiical operations, unon trade and la-
employed by your convention are not always used thg wj)0) by their pursuits in life, have
in the same sense, it is due as well to the sub- enj0yed greater advantages for acquiring this
icct and the occasion as to myself, that I should u;nd 0f information. I cive vou. in answer to
- . ... l.fl
give you without reserve, my own uuuerstanuing vour inquiries, the best views that I am ablo to
of them. take of the subiect. If I fall into enors. the v will
"Adequate revenue, for the support of all I certainly be unintentional, and as certainly be
Governments, must be derived from some source. I corrected by those who are better informed.
It has no where been found an easy task to pre- And first as relates the THE AGRICULTU-
serve equality in raising it, and at the same timo RAL, THAT GREATEST OF ALL INTER-
to overcome the general repugnance to the pay- ESTS. It is certainly true, that in the forma-
nient of taxes in any shape a repugnance ari- tion of our tariff duties varying in amount, are al-
sing more from an epprehension that their avails so imposed upon the same articles which consti-
will not be wisely applied, than from an uuwil- tute the staple productions of the country, when
lingness on the part of the people to sustain their imported from abroad; but it is not equally true
government, by those who pay them. Those ad- that the effect of that imiiosition, in respect to the
vantages may in general terms be justly descri- protection thereby afforded to the domestic pro
bed as resulting from as ample security in the en- duction of them, is for the most part nominal.
joyment of our personal rights and rights of pro-1 When we look at the comparatively small amount
perty, with adequate sateguards against internal ot duties received at the treasury upon the nn
commotion and foreign aggression. In respect porlant articles, beef, pork, flour, various kinds of
to the immunities ot the person, and civil and grain, cotton, rice, tobacco, wool, &c, Sec, con
rehgious freedom, the interests as well as the trasted with that collected upon the importation
immediate advantages of all are equal. Not so of manufactured articles, we cannot but be sen
with the other privileges secured to usby our sible that this is so. Tho farmer and planter, it
free government. The unavoidable disparity in is true, enjoy, and to a great degree without com
the pecuniary condition of our citizens, makes petition with foreign producers, our own market
the degree of benefit they respectively derive for the sale of most of the fruits of t fib i r labor;
from the maintenance of an efficient government but it is a security derived chiefly, if not altogeth
over property and the right of property, essenti- er, from natural causes, for which nobody pays,
ally different. The modes of raising revenue and which derives but little aid from legislation.
allowed to and adopted by the State govern- It is on the contrary, to the nature of our climate
mcnts, are generally graduated by this disparity, the enterprise and industry of our citizens, the
If the results are not always equitable, the fault character of our soil, and extent of our territory,
it is believed, will inmost cases be found in their with other facilities for the easier and cheaper
action upon the principle, rather than in the prin- growth of agricultcral products hero, that the ag
ciple itself. The right to raise revenue for its riculturist is chiefly indebted for his protection
support, by the imposition of duties in lieu of di- against foreign competition. To foster the inter
red taxation, is, by the constitution, subjected to csls of commerce and navigation, has been the
the exclusive control of the Fedcrcl Government object of the Federal Government; and much
This right, subject to tho limitations imposed by has certainly been done to accomplish it,
the grant, was given to it for that purpose, and through tho instrumentality of salutary laws
has been fieelv exerted by it since its establish- and treaty stipulations. Respect has also
ment. It would afford me much pleasure to ably been very generally had to these interests, and
to say that the exercise of this power has borne as more particularly that of navigation, even in our
equally upon all classes of the people, however revenue bills, by low duties, upon articles neces-
Tbey cannot be ignorant, either, of the facf, that
a prejudice against. taxation, springing, in some
degree at least, irom asupposcd abuse of the pow
er in limes past, may yield to time and reflection,
or may bo supplanted by a new and stronger an
tipathy. And what could be more likely to awa
ken popular aversion, tnan the sight of a great and
affluent interest in the country, standing out amid
the general gloom, pertinaciously exerting its in
fluence in tho councils of tho nation, not only to
save itself from tho misfortunes which had over
taken all other classes, but to secure its own ag
grandizement by new and unjust impositions on
a community already borne to the earth by the
averse course of events. Individuals and their fam
ilies may be (and in other countries are) perma
nently billeted on the public coflors; but all ex
perience has shown that, with us at least, it is
not in the power of the Government to secure per
manent advantages to the business pursuits of
one class over those of all others. I he very pat
ronage which is thus unduly received, has a ten
dency to relax the exertions, and to dissipate the
prudence of its recipients; and if the spirit of mo
nopoly is not in this way defeated, it is sure to
be brought down, in the end, by the controlling
power of an excited and enlightened public son
tinient. I do therefore sincerely hope that the
CADIZ SUNTIXELi
VPEIL FOR THE CAMPAIGN.
SOR the purpose of extending the circulation
of the Sentinel, during the Presidential
campaign, aud giving light on those questions
which- will be agitated, we shall furnish tha
paper from the present time till the Presidential
election, and send one paper afterwards conlain-
ng tho result, as follows: .
For $1,00 1 Copy.
" 10,00 1 Copies.
" 20,00 23 "
" 40,00 - - 50
07-Any person forwarding $5 will receive six
copies, t'ayabie mrariaoiy in aavance.
Where it is convenient we should prefer u tne
Club papers were sent to one direction.
We hope our democratic friends in every part
of tho county will exert themselves to extend the'
circulation of the Sentinel. We shall labor faith
fully in the good cause, keep up a constant
fire against tho enemy, and never lay down our
arms until victory perches upon our standard.
March 28. 1844. L. HARPER.
1
unequally their pecuniary conditions, as the tax- sary and useful to them; but it will not, I believe
es imposed by state governments. But this be contended in any quarter, that the prosperity
cannot with truth bo said. ISor is the inequal- of either of these great interests is essentially ad
it v unavoidingly resulting from the Federal vanced by a protective or revenue tariff. THAT
mode of collecting taxes anew discovery. It THE GREAT BODY OF THE MECIIAN
was foreseen and objected to when the power ICS AND LABORERS IN EVERY BRANCH
was conferred, as an evil inherent in the system, OF BUSINESS WHOSE WELFARE SHOULD
which could not fail to show itself in its opera- BE AN OBJECT OF UNCEASING SOLI
tion, and the injustice of which no form oflegis- CITUDE ON THE PART OF EVERY PUB
lation, however it might be made to mitigate, LIC MAN, HAVE BEEN THE GREATEST
could ever be ablo to remove. The advocates SUFFERER BY OUR HIGH PROTECTIVE
of the system were notwithstanding reconciled to TARIFFS, and would continue to be, if thatpol
it by a belief, no doubt sircerely entertained, that icy is persisted in, is to my mind too clear to re
tire inequalities which it was feared would result quire farther elucidation.
from the collection ot duties upon imported arti- "If these views are correct, and in all essen
ces, would be prevented by the fact that the con- tiai particulars 1 cannot doubt their being so, it
sumption would be in proportion to the means of is apparcnt that the manufacturing interest de
the consumer. It was upon this ground that the rivcs an advantage from the collection of the rev
principlo was defended. That this expectation enue3 cf ,10 Federal Government through the
has not been realized, is undeniably true. There custom houses, instead of their being obtained
are but lew it any who cannot, in tne lr immedi- by ,i,e modG 0f taxation adopted by the States, in
ate vicinity, point out numerous instances m Lninnarablv o-reater than nnv other of tho imnor-
which poor men with large families, are actually tant interests of the country indeed, than all of
it- - i . p - . r,i-,i I . .... .J . . '
oungeo io pay uioio lur uie aupjjuu ui we i-eu- tncm put together: That this advantage consists
oral government, than others who are m affluent jn a preference in the American market over
circumstances, but are either without, or nave thoir fore;gn competitors, of not less than 30 per
smaller iamiiies; anu iuw h any countervailing cent wi,en the revenue standard is reduced to
examples are to be found. At the same time, an avcrage 0f 20 per cent, and liable to be in-
the great body of wealth invested in incorporated
or associated companies, and in bonds and notes
entirely escape Federal taxation. The mas3 of
the people seem, nevertheless, to prefer this mode
of collecting the revenues. Paying their taxes
in the form of an increased price upon the corn-
creased as above stated : That it is enjoyed by
virtue ot a tariff, the collection of the duties im
posed by which, whilst it subjects all to taxation,
invariably and almost inevitably bears with equal
severity upon a very large, and unhapjry in gen
eral, a necessitous portion of the people a pro-
moditiesthey buy, their contriDuuon loses, m tectionthc indirect advantages of which to other
their estsmation, much of the odium that would interests, even under a tariff for protection, are
be attached to it, it severed from the price of the ag much tlie subject of doubt and disputation as
article, and converted into a tax by name as it is they ever were; but for which those concerned
in fact. It also wears the appearance of a vol- ;n otj,cr imrsujtSj have for a long series of years
uulary contribution, although its payments is for paid hi advance, and received their equivalent
the most part as unavoidable as a compulsory lm- in nromises. of the performance of which thev
lions. Mr. Van Buren has on all occasions shown position would be. It is supported, too, by the arc not and do not seem likely to be soon satis-
by his acts and professions that he is in favor of od" WUIC was attached to me imposition oi fied. This advantage to the manufacturer is not.
such a discriminating Tariff as will afford just
The democratic party are in favor of a reven
ue tariff that shall incidentally afford protection
or encouragement to all branches of our home
industry. They would so adjust ir as to extent
as much protection to our farmers, mechanics,
and laborers, as to tho manufacturing capitalists
of New England; so that it would not impose
onerous taxation upon the former, to fill tho cof
fers of the latter, but place both on an equal foot
ing in the measure of government protection giv
en them. Is not this the true policy the policy
most congenial with the spirit of our republican
institutions? ,
- But it is asserted by tho whig cleclipneercrs
that Mr. Van Buren is the advocate of "free trade,"
and opposed to any Tariff.
The declaration of Mr. Clay that Van Buren
upported and voted for the Tariff of 1828,
which is pronounced extravagantly high1" the
assertion of Mr. Rives, that "all the Tariffs which
have been most complained of at tlie south'" owed
THEIR BXISTEJTCITO Mr. V. B. AND HIS FEIKXDS
and finally, the avowal of the Richmond W'hig,
that"JW. Clay is more of a free trade man than
Mr. Van Buren"--would seem to give an effeo
tual contradiction to this extraordinary charge so
freqnenlly made by tlie New York Tribune, Al
bany Evening Journal, and the numerous "lesser
fhis" of whiggery. These truth-loring organs
and equitable protection to American Industry
against tho pauper labor of Eu rope protection
that will be shared EQUALLY BY ALL POR
TIONS OF THE PEOPLE not that iniquitous
discrimination of duties which the pre sent Tariff j
makes, and which aggrandizes a few manufuctu
ring monopolists and bank speculators, and im
poverishes tho toiling millions the honest and
industrious farmers, mechanics and laborers of
the country.
Mr. Van Buren in his Virginia letter (quoted
above) says: "In good timo you will have my
views in respect to that (the Tariff) and other
subjects before the public." He here refers to
his Indiana letter, which was published about one
month subsequently to this period. Tho letter
contains his opinions in full on tho Tariff ques
tion, and it may bo well to examine them so as
to learn whether his views are what we have rep
resented them to be, and whether there is any
truth in the whig imputation that he is a "Free
Trade" man. Here they are as given in that
communication:
MR. VAN BUREN'S TARIFF OPINIONS.
From Mr. Fan BurenU Indiana Lcller.
"My views in relation to the Protective System
were called for by the Shocco Springs meeting
in 1832, and freely given. A conviction that the
establishment of commercial regulations with a
view to the encouragement of domestic interests.
is within the constitutional power of congress, was
on that occasion distinctly avowed. But holding
this opinion, lot the same time denied the propri
ety of exercising this power in a manner calcula
ted to OPPRESS any portion of tny fellow citi
zens, or to advance the interests of ke section
of the Union at toe expense or another. I,
on tho contrary, affirmed it to be the duty of
those who are entrusted with the administration
of the Federal Government, to direct its opera
tions m the manner best calculated to distribute
as EQUALLY, AS POSSIBLE its burthens and
blessinirs-among the several States and tlie peo
ple thereof. In addition to the declaration of
theso general views, I suggested more specific
rules for the action of the government in this par
ticular, by the observance of which I believed
those views would be "most likely to be carried
into fair effect,
"More than ten years have elapsed since that
communication was made ; and during that entire
poriod, the people of the U. S. have paid large
amounts of duties, avowedly imposed for the
encouragement and protection of domestic rnanu-
direct taxes many years since, lor purposes which it is truo the ol,;ect 0r but only incidental to, a
were not approved by the people, and by the tariff for revenue. Still it is not, on that account
fact that in most of the States the taxes are di- jj,e cs3 beneficial to him.
rect; rendering it for that reason desirable to "The position assumed by your convention,
substitute some other mode of raising revenue and in which I fullv concur, is. that the inciden-
for the Federal Government. These and other tai nroie,..ion thus derived, is all the legislative
considerations have to the impost a preference in favor which can at this day be conferred upon the
me puDiic minu which woum ienuur uk manufacturer without great injustice to other m-
tion ot direct taxes in tune ot peace exceedingly Unrests. The nvnedinncv of tho adoption bv
odious, and have produced as great a degree of Congress, at any time, of temporary measures of
unanimity in lavor oi a larm wr ruvuuuu aa uu retaliation, when likely to be effectual in coun-
disposition which is attributed to a portion, at
least, of tlie manufacturing interests, docs m fact
exist and that will soon become general. But
whether it be so or not, the principle advanced
by your convention is, without doubt, the true
one for our future government. -
"When the convention speak of a discrimina
ting tariff for revenue, I understand them as refer
ring to tho discrimination below the maximum rate
of dutlts upon imported articles, not. designed to
increase the protection already afforded to domes
tic manufactures, but to carry out views ot policy
different in their character, and which may prop
erly bo embraced n lsuch a measure.
"OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL POWER
to mare DISCRIMINATIONS, I HAVE NO
DOUBT.'- Equally clear it is that the practice on
making them has existed from tho commence
ment of the Government, and constitutes a feature
in every principal tariff bill which is to be found
on our statute book. They are indeed, ind:sien
sable to the succeslul operation ot every revenue
bill, whether tho design be to guard smuggling,
on the one hand, where the nature of the article
is such as to aflbrd facilities for that practice; or,
on the other, to prevent loss on the treasury, by
the imposition of duties higher than tho value of
the article will bear, and thus prohibiting its intro
duction into the country. If it beat any time
deemed necessary or conducive to tho safety of
the country to encourage the manufactures at
homo of the articles necessary to its delcnce m
war, nothing can be more proper than to do so by
discrimination in favor of their domestic manu
facture, inasmuch as the object in view is to pro
mote the safety of all at tue expense of
all. Discriminations have constantly been made
in favor of articles imported for the use of philo
sophical or literary societies, for the encourage
ment of the fine arts, or for the use of semina
ries of learning, specimens in natural history, ani
mals imported to breed, $c, &c, ali foun
ded on the same principle, in respect to the uni
versality of the benefits designed to be secured
at tho common expense. But, above all, is the
power to make them of inestimable importance,
as tho only means of relieving the poorer classes
from the unequal operation of this mode of col
lecting the public revenues, and of partiality re
alizing Mr. Jefferson's beautiful idea of a wise
and frugal government one which shall "restrain
men from injuring one another, and shall leave
them otherwise tree to regulate their own pur
suits of industry and improvement, and shall not
take from the mouth of labor the bread it has ear
ned." The man of wealth, when ho pays a tax
in the form of an impost, which enures inciden
tally to the advancement of a special interest in
which he is not concerned, is in a degree re
conciled by the reflection, that, if the amount
paid was not collected in this form, it would be
assessed upon him in another by which the a-
mount ofhis contribution, in comparison with
that of his less affluent neighbors, would be ma
terially enhanced. But to the poor man, no
such consolation is afforded. The system
which operates thus favorably to his more fortunate
neighbor, increases his taxes in an inverse ratio
to his ability to pay. Every additional mouth
hat he has to feed, adds to the contribution he
s obliged to make for the support of Government,
Is it only by discrimination in favor of articles
WILLIA1TIS& DILWOltTII, Wholesale
Grocers, Produce and Commission Merchants,
and dealers in Pittsburgh manufactured articles, No 29
Wood street, Pittsburgh. op 4
KIIV3 A; IIOL!UIvS, Commission nnd Forwar
ding Merchants, and wholesala dealers in Groce
ries, tin plate, block tin, Copper, Spelter, Iron, Nails,
Glass, Foundry ware, &o. Sic; and in the staple arti
cles of country produce, Wood street, Pittsburgh, one
door from tho river. ap 4
J" U. & A. GOKDOV, Commission and For-
warding Merchants, Water street, Pittsburg. ap4
ILZFXL FLITOUNC, .Wholesale Gro-,
cers, Commission and Forwarding Merchants, 94
Water street, Pittsburgh. - ap 4
" T B. RIIEY iV Co., Commission and Forwar
JT JL ding Merchants, 39 Water street, Pitts'gh. ap4
Al,. FIE AZEIE, Bookseller, Stationer, Agent
for Periodicals and Book Binder, Market street,
Steubenville. ap 4
TANNER & Co., Wholesale Shoe Warehouse,
No. 119, Wood street, (between Diamond alley
and Fifth street, Pittsburgh, are now receiving their
Spring and Rummer stock of Boots, Shoes, Palm-leaf
Hats, &c, direct from the manufacturers, which will
be sold nt Philadelphia and New York priceB.
Country merchnnts and others visiting Pittsburgh, on
their way East, will find it their interest to examine our
stock before purchasing elsewhere, as we are determin
ed to sell at such prices as must give entire satisfaction.
ap4
1ADIES' Musical Library. January and February
J nos. of this most excellent monthly collection of
music now at FKAZER'tf, Steubenville. - np4
riRAVELS in the Californins, and Scenes in the Pa-
cific Ocean, by Thomas J. Farnrmn, author of tra
vels in Oregon, &c, just received by A. L. FRAZER,
Meubenville. ap 4
. , 11- . . C
ever ue expected upon a puonc question. ji
the great mass of opponents to a protective tariff
there is not, so iar as I know, a single eiaio or
district that has taken ground againgt a revenue
tariff.
teracting foreign legislation injurious to Ameri
can interests is a question involving different con
siderations. "We have it from quarters entitled to respect.
that the most considerate ot the domcsttc manu-
necessary to his comfort, that tho injustice
"l fflSi LESLIE'S French Cookery, comprising two
J.T.L hundred recipes lor domestic cookery, at
ap 4
A. L. Frazer's, Steubenv'e
O. 3, Kendnlls's Life of Jackson, just received at
A. L. FRAZER'S, Steubenville. ap 4
1 ".ECLECTIC SCHOOL BOOK!. The entire series
2J can now be had at the publisher's prices, at the
cheap book store of A, L. FRAZER, Stcubv'e. ap 4
SANDER'S SERIES. The reader and speller of this
excellent eciios of school books can be had at
ap 4 - 1' KAZUR'S, Steub'e.
WEBSTER'S Elementary Speller, an elegant edi
tion just received at Tracer's cheap book store.
Steubenville.
ap4
EMAI-E SOIKAItY.-The Summer Ses
sion will commence on the last Monday of April.
The terms per quarter are, for day scholars,
miliary Ulass ...... jj; .
Middle " - - - - - 5,00
Junior " - . - - 6,25
Senior " - - - 7,50
with a deduction of ten per cent to those who pay for the
session in advance. Extra branches the same charge
bb for boarders,,with the abovo deduction. Further in
formation obtained ofthe Superintendant.
CUAULUS U. liUATTY.
Steubenville, March 21, (np4) 1844.
Lato Arrivals
from England.
I
"Let us now for a moment look at tho advan- fncturers are satisfied with this measure of nro-
taircs which the manufacturing interest, above tpr.tinn ; that, timd nfliavinw ibrir nf-cnliar inter-
any other, derives from a tariff imposed for rev- Lstg embarked in political contests, resulting at
I.. TIm Aral tnriffhill nnsand in ITS'). c -i 1. . -
uuuc uuiy. uv in-' w..., r ... -. 7 ono lime in an excess oi uuncs which loinpis iu
and all those that followed it between that peri-
undue nnd minnim inrrpnHR nf r.nnitnl in thoir
od and the war, were in fact, notwithstanding the business, and, at others, under the deep and ex-
recitals m somo oi tnem, revenue ouis. Cltcc feelings which perpetual controversy engen-
"The average amount of the imports under ders, in sudden and great reductions, equally in
them. commencing at 12J per cent, was gradual- jurious, that, conscious of the extent to which,
Iv increased from that to 15 and up to 20 per for more than a quarter of a century, they have
cent. At the latter average it stood from 1800 engrossed the timo and attention of the Nation-
to 1808, and until the commencement ot prepar- al Legislature and ot the people, and of the nut
ations for war. Twenty por centum, upon an lions upon millions which have, during that time
average, appears, in the judgment of those best been collected from tho latter, avowodly to facil
acnuainted with tho subject here and elsewhere, itate and give special advantages to the particu-
to be tho rate best adapted for revenue. It is lar pursuit in which they aro engaged, not only
the amount also to which it was the design ofthe to the exclusion of, but at the immediate cost of
ConiDromise Act to reduce the lanff, and one those of others; and sensible, as tlie most obser-
which ought certainly not to be exceeded, except ving amongst them must be, that the period has
when absolutely necessary for revenue, and like- passed away when the tariff designed for pro-
ly from the state OI tne country, io euuci mm iccuou cuii ue Kepi up in mis country, wuuoui uo
obiect. The rate to which all parties appear ing more injury to every interest, by the convul-
y... . . .. j i -I-, ?.
willing to go under the existing conauion oi me sions ana revulsions wnicn u cannoi inn io pro
Treasurv. and to continue it until that condition duce in public opinion, than it can confer bene-
is sufficiently improved to justify a reduction, is, fit on theirs; they would themselves prefer that
r l.-i; .......n r,PO nur fftnf I A thti llin nrntnrhnn appuriri 1a Ihnm ho lha iriirmliilinn
dutv is to be added the charge upon imported of Congress should bo confined to that which is
.irtirlps r fi n n-from the costs oi transportation inciuemauy aenvea irom a revenue lanu. oo
... r v . ' r i. v . ..f:
from Eurone. consisting 01 ireiinu, insurance, iar as conaimy in men conuiuon a maiier oi in-
the expenses of agencies, or profits to succes- estimable importance is concerned, it is the only
sivo holders, and cash duties, which are cstima- course by which even an approach to its accom
ted by those who undorstand the matter better plishnent can be hoped for. To all present ap-
than I do at not less than 10 per cent., an amount pearanccs, tho acquiescence in a tariff for re ve
of charres udoh imported articles, before they nue, now so general, may, in the absence ofspc
are placed in our market upon a par with similar cial excitement, endure for a period as long as is
articles manufactured bore, equal to 35 per cent, commonly embraced in calculations of business,
and if the nverace duty is 20 per cent, to 30 per It cannot, however, have escaped the attention
cent. If the foreign articles is notwithstanding of the manufacturers, that although no Slate or
brought in, and "a competition entered into with district of country may yet have taken ground a
home manufacture, those duties and charges op- gainst this mode of raising revenue for the support
erate, whilst the competition lasts, as a protection of government, theroarenot wanting thousands
to the domestic manufacturer, equal to thoir sum of vigorous intellects, invery section of ourex-
rrivino him bv so much the advantage, in tha fended country, who penetrated by a deep senso
le of the commodities, over the importer; and of the inequality and consequent injustice of i
sale
its
f the effect of these charges is to prevont the im- operation, are applying all the enorgies of their
which ho is exposed can be mitigated. It
therefore a power, tho constant and faithful exer
cise of which is, in my judgment, demanded for
considerations of justice, humanity, and sound
policy.
Maktin Van Buren."
Here is what Mr. Van Buren, on another oc
casion, says of tho WAGES OF INDUSTRY,
which the Tariff system he advocates is designed
to encourage ano protect:
"Tho wages of the laborer should bear a just
proportion to the prices ofthe necessaries of life ;
and all attempts to depress them below this equi
table standard, are, in my opinion, at war as well
with tho dictates of humanity, as with sound and
rational policy, "we workmgmanis to society,
what the mainmast is to a ship.n
Mark how the just and liberal views of Mr.
Van Buren on the tariff question harmonize with
those of Andrew Jackson, so beautifully expres
sed in the following letter;
"Washington City, April 26, 1824
"Heaven smiled upon and gave us liherty and
independence. 1 hat same providence nas mes
sed us with the means of national independence
and national defence. If we omit or refuso to
use the gifts which he has extended to us, we de-
servo not tho continuance of his blessing, lie
has filled our mountains and our plains with min
erals with lead, iron, and copper, and give us
a CLIMATE AND SOIL, FOR THE GROWING OF HEMP
and wool. These being the great materials of
our national defence, they ought to have extend
ed to them adequate and taiu protection,
that our manufacturers and laborers may be placed
in a fair competition with thoso of Europe, and
that we have within our country a supply of those
leading and important articles so essential in war."
"It is therefore my opinion that a careful and ju
dicious tariff is wantms to pay our national
debt, and to afford us the means of that defence
within ourselves on which the safety ofour coun
try depends; and last though not least, to give a
proper distribution to our labor, which must prove
beneficial to the happiness, independence, and
wealth of the community. ',
Andrew Jackson."
It would be a work of supererogation for us to
add any thing to this expose. ( speaks for it
self; and we doubt not its caretut examination
will convince evory fair and candid mind thatite
democratic party are the only true friends and
supporters of American Industry that MAK
TIN VAN BUREN IS, EMPHATICALLY,
THE PEOPLE'3 CANDIDATE!
Logan rf Kennedy,
MPORTERS and wholesale dealers in Hardieare,
Cutlery. Saddlery, See., No. 129 Wood street, Pitts
burgh, respectfully announce to their customers and to
Western merchants generally, that they are now receiv
ing a lartre nnd splendid assortment of
HARD WARE, CUTLERY, &-c.,
all of which has been purchased for cash by Mr, Ken-
nedy, on Ins recent visit to tne manufacturing towns oi
Birmingham and Sheffield, England, and which yiewill
sell nt very reduced prices, pledging ourselves to meet
any fair Eastern competition. Merchants in tho habit
of visiting the Atlantic cities, are particularly invited
to call. - Pittsburgh, Feb. 29 ap 4
The Edgeworfli Ladies' Seminary,
SEWICKLY, ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PA.,
FORMERLY AT BRADDOCK's FIELDS.
AGREEABLY to usage, it is respectfully announ- "
ced that tho summer half year's icesion will com j
mence on the firRt Monday in May next.
i ne rnncipai lakes occasion to say, that in the ef
fects of the revulsion in trade which has been felt all
over the country, the "Edgcworth" has been a partici
pant, and comparatively, a pause in its doings has been
the consequence.
But in order to turn this partial cessation to the best
account, tho onnortunitv it aflbrded has been emnloved
to introduce whatever of chnnge and improvement has
been deemed calculated to render this Seminary addi
tionally acceptaoio to its tnends, anu advantageous to .
pupils. Of these, particular attention is requested to tho ;
lact, tliat it lias been determined to keep down the cat. -alouo
of pupils to such a number as shall not require
to be placed under secondary end irresponsible teach
ers, but be fully within the scope of the utmost care and
attention of the principals. . .
I tiii j,KAl, it is believed, are as low as those oi
any similar institution : and, it may be added, that long
experience has brought the conviction, that they cannot
be made lower consistently with the continuance of
those advantages and comlorts to wnicn the young la-
dies ol tne Mgewortn nave heen accustomed.
1 hose who have hitherto been pleased to take an in
terest in this Seminary, may rest assured, that those
prin cipies and eiiorts, wnicn nave neretoiore met tneir
approval, shall not in the future be changed nor re
laxed. '
Other particulars obtained on application to Mrs. J.
M. Flowkr. whose labors in the Edge worth at its estab
lishment in 1827, and afterwards for so many years, are
well known; or on application to the Kev.D. E, JNevin,
President of the Board of Trustees j or to
J. OLVER, Principal. ,
Sewickly, Allegheny county, Pa. april 4 3t
factures, with gradual reductions according to' portation of such articles altogether, they then (minds to the overthrow of the system itself.
A yankoe is starting a plan to cause machin
ery to be driven by lightning.
Miss SARAH RITCIIEY,
WOULD respectfully inform the Ladies of Cadis
and vicinity, that xhe is about to open a
r.iiLLirjER siior
in the front room of the second story of JoscrR R. Hun
ter's dwelling house, on Steubenville street, directly
opposite John Beall'i Drug Store, where she is prepared
to make, bleach, alter or trim bonnets in tne newest anu
most fashionable style. She will also carry on the
MANTUA MAKING BUSINESS
in all its various branches. All persons favoring hr .
with their patronage, may rely upon her punctuality
and untiring ussiduity in striving to reader general sat
isfaction. 03-Charges moderate- -
Cadiz, March 8, 1844. ' ", . ' .
LAUD FOII SALE.
'"piIE subscriber wishes to sell the farm on which he
J fives lying in Cadis township Harrison county
oining the landsof Gcorgo Day, John Hinesand other.
Tho Innd is of a good qunlity, first rate for wheat and
clover, a good orchard a county road runs through
the form which mokes it convenient to travel either way.
It is not nooessary to say more, as persons wishing to
purchase will view the farm for themselves. For terms,
apply to the subscriber on the farm. ;
March 17th, 1844. ' JOHN 8ELBY,
A