Holmes County Republican. [volume], April 05, 1860, Image 1

About Holmes County Republican. [volume] (Millersburg, Holmes County, Ohio) 1856-1865

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Oske EStor and Preprletor.
: Ofiee-Wasbiartai Street, Tklrd Wr Soitk f Jacksen. v y .
Tcrnsj-Ose Dollar ud Flflj ti i Ii iirae
:f xiiclv M.emburgholm april 5, isgo.,
NO. 33.
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Li' J
1 Stuxt, Tiiu Don Boon or Jtxxam
IflLLERSBUEG, OHIO, w .
1M gaWriWro fc
nid withia tka yer.
Attar tW jear expires. .
2.00
TEX LAW Or NEWSPAPERS.
X.'
mi wilrtnnl Mwaiim to wHttlrir
a. If mabmor&m onler tb cfijeonti Muse of thrir
Hlitw iiit toM4 UaiMilill
U MkMriten xgUet ar rfn to Uk? their
mm (m th aaiee to wkiek the; arc dinetad. tbr
an Ma laiaiaaibti U1 thejaattia their bUls.udotdar
taa iiiri aiwatinnea
i. If enj amkacriben pkt to uothn pUoe wltlit
laa in tha publisher, an their paper I aeat to
fcaaMralraattoa, taej are held napeaeible.
a. Tha CearU hare decided that nrfuUnf to take
aevaeeer ireai tae aaiee, or remaeuif aa tearing to
ealiea iar, ui ft imiatU eridenea af iatestiaaai fraad.
TERilS OF AD VERTISING:
' nil im,oMS,AKaaQCa.
Qac quare, one veek .1.00
i&aca aubaeqnenl iBaeruoB.Dnaer J mua UJ
Oae bo aire, 3 ma 'a, changeable at pleasure 3.00
Da 6 - do - do 5.00
Do 13 . - :- : do ': ' 8.00
Fawrta colon, I jt, eltaagaablc qoartcrly 20.00
Half solama do do . do 30.00
Turlf Jdttrtin, at ao time ta exceed
ilmiimi at aleaeare, aad United rtrleUr
their en tauudiate boaiiieai, will be charged tl&JO.
U aaeiaiw area, aot exeeedior mix Urn, will
laaarard eae rear (or $j00 ; aad rear! adrertiaera' Card
will mm laeiTnn iiijm iiipTi
k ieiUranmt taaaed. or Ineerted aader the
ef ffveetaj ffosi , and Vmmml ewaia aarertlpe
will be eaarrea ev per eeau more una ui
Uig mi Ad9rtiswut cluvrgeable hj the qure
Business Cards.
JOHN W. V0EHES,
attorney at CnU,
MILLERSBURG, O.
OFFICE, one door East of the Book Store,
upstair. - v- ?a
April 22, 1853-2ii35yl. ; ;
G. W.EAMAGE,
PHYSICIANS SURGEON
HOUBESVILLL OHIO. ,
R
nnrlfally iaforsa the paMie that he has loeatrd
maMau ia im adore vulofe, for toe practice of at
t3T OFFICE t-r doom west of ReedVeor-
Anrt, loan T3D30U.
J. E. ATKINSON,
Millersburg, Ohio.
IS ROW PREPABEB to fomi-h to ardor all
tha dtSnent kinda of artalicial Teeth, from aoe ta an
sura bm. jjtr-imcm, ai aauaL as Ur atieet.
DE. T. G. V. BOUNG,'
' IVIUjILeKSBURG, O:
rIANKFUIi for past favors, respectfully
tender bis professional services to the pub
lic. Office ia the room formerly occupied by
Air. Irvine. x :
April 15.1858 T2a34tf.':
JUL EBBIGHT,
pljnstrian anb Surgeon,
MILLERSBURG, O. -SMsee
aa Jacks Street, aearlr 09900110 the
otpire Honae.
(Residence on Clay. Street, opposite the
Presbyterian Church.
BENJAMIN C0HN,
RIM-MADE CL0TDI1
Of all Descriptions,
COR. OF JACXSOX b . WASEIGTONSTS
STORES & LAKE,
DENTISTS,
Wooster & Millersburg.
DB, K E. STOKRS, .
IS IS O QS3 t?,
M' JtRUernburgm O. ,
Office over J K Ebchs Store Boom.
Dec 1.1859. ' ' -
- CASKET & INGLES,
SKU.EBS Ef- '
MILLERSBURG-, O. ':. : ;
. PLAIN &EANCY -
Of all Mnds, neatly executed
&JT THIS OFFICE.
BAKER & WH0LF,
Forwarding and Commission
ASP OBAUBS Dl -
SALT FISH, PLASTER, WHITE
AND WATER LIME. - j
. rusoHasna or '.
FLOUR, WHEAT, RYE, CORN, OATS,
CLOVER A ND TIMOTHY SEED,
ALSO,
Hotter, Eggt, Lard, Tallow and aU hind
of Dried Fruits.
WAEEHOUSE, MILLERSBUEQ. O.
8irt.l8.1856-4tt
EACH CLACKSMITH SHOP I
- MILLERSBURG, OHIO.
-TOTTTST .TOT?D A "NT
HAS opeaed a saw Blacksmith B bop on Mul Ant ho
ar Street, waat aide, a abort distance north ol C ber
ryhobBea' BUna, whara ha ia fully prepared to aa all
' - - ' - - ' .
work ta hu line ot Duaweai oa a uvr hwuv, m ivaaoB
aale prices aad In a .
"Workmanlike Manner.
AQ who want their work well done and at reasonable
arteea, should call at Jordon'l shop. He shoes horses
for oae dollar cash, and does other work proportionately
lew. JOHN JORDON.
Mfnerstmrf . Aag. 11, ls9 61
Business Cards. Poetry.
AN EVANGEL.
j
the
a
ear
to
be
" ' A Hfted leaf Vest qtomiBr by,
- 1 BeBeatktheblMoflMawea; -A
yellow leaf aad annnwr's sigh
- Passed vita the breath of erea. ,
It was a weird like messenger
Of darkness aad decay
A lonely, moornful traveler
- To poist the weary way ; -,
The seztoa wind woald surely pass
To burr all the flowers.
' And leave bis shape upon the
ilis manock ta the bowers. ' ,;
-. " . -- t,. .. -
Aad still as deeper grew the ea. .
A blood-red dome raised high
Its disc, abore t!e clooda betaeea.
' - The earth and ciiwsua sky ;
Aad the flood of glory shone v.
Down golden ristas bright; , , ,
Till darkness elaspt-d a starry soae
Around the waist of Kight,
And then I knew September kept
Within her burnished hall
. Aa .rgic wild, aad serer wept
O'er Summer in ber poIL
I ancstioned then the sleepless Kigbt,
Upon ber ebos ear,
Chasisg their fiery steeds of light.
Led by the vesper star ;
And asked, "What meed is to be woa
. - Within the nrand of years,
- That Summer's golden belt's oadoue, .
When Autumn's finger sears.
And King October's srowa of grain -Falls
'neath old Winter's snows,
- That yield when April's tender rain -
is kissing op the pose t"
And low and deep a voice came out
The starry sweep, aad said. .
O man, the Wisdom doaot doubt.
That has these changes made,
From evil still evolving good
The wholesome Irssua see,
' And o'er it humbly ponder, brood
Twas written ail for thee I"
E'en ia the storm-cloud's angry dia
A golden pnge appears
The prism bow of promise ia
A baptism ot tears I
—Louisville Journal.
—Louisville Journal. Miscellaneous.
Speech of Hon. Thomas Corwin.
The great tpeeb of Mr. Corwin, deliver
ed in the House on tha 23d and 24th of
January last, has just made its appearance
in tbe blobe. It occupies twenty-two solid
columns of that paper, and at this late day
we must content ourselves with publishing
the few specimens subjoined:
THE HIGHER LAW—QUESTION STATED.
Oca of your statesmen of the South,
whom I have bad tbe pleasure of knowing
for a good many years I allude to Mr.
Stephens, of Georgia in a recent speech
said that be was in favor of Mr. Seward's
higher law, not exactly in its application,
but bo said, that if it be not better for tbe
while man as well as tbe black man, that
one should be roaster and the other slave,
they had no business with slavery, and
should surrender it. I give the substance
but perhaps not the exact words. All who
have read that gcutloinsu's speech to the
people of Georgia will know that I quote
him fairly. That, I think is tbe true phil
osophic ground upon which to put it. If
it be belter that the negro should stand in
the relation of slave, better for all concern
ed, then slavery is. right. If the converse
be true, then slavery is wrong, and of
course, if possible, should be peacefully
abolished. Thus this vexed question is sta
led and submitted to the world by a living,
(ending Southern statesman. Let calm
reason and fair discussion by those whom
it' concerns ascertain the truth. The path
of duly is then made plain to alL
' I am not now and here about to argue
for either side of the question thus gener
ally propounded ; but one thing I will say :
it is not a good thing for while or black
men to hold negroes as slaves in the State
of Ohio, because we bare tried it. We
are sure it is better that the black slave
should not be where the white man has to
work by the side of him. It is better, we
think, that the work of our state should be
done by its while men. We have conclu
ded without any doubt, that wherever tbe
whito man can live and work, there, at
least, no system of forced labor should ex
ist It has been ordained that man shall
"earn Lis bread by the sweat of bis brow."
There are but very few men living on the
face of the earth, if they live honestly, who
are not compelled to do something, by
head or baBd, or both, for tbeir own sub
sistence. For instance: in the whole fif
teen Southern Slates there are only about
four hundred thousand who own slaves.
Mr. Keitt, (in his scat.) Heads of fam
ilies.
Mr. Corwin. I was speaking of the
beads of families. That may involve an
interest of two million people, . Let it be
so. I am not particular about it. There
are eight million white people at the South
are there noli I wish there were one
hundred million, for I want the South to
be strong. A great majority of tbe South
ern people must labor at something, as I
doubt not tbey do. Ibey wbo owa stares
are the exceptions to this old role. I am
not about to make any inviduoasor ungra
cious remarks on these two classes of peo
ple. I am free to admit and happy lo say,
with truth, thai, North and South, we are
tbe mcst favored and happy people that
ever lived in tbe tide of time, and I think
the history of tbe world will prove it.
But we will not allow ourselves to think
so; we are like Mr. Brown in the farce we
will allow ourselves to be. "excited !" . As
there is no hostile flag from any part of
the globe to disturb the repose f our thir
ty millions of free people, we, of course
such is tbe frailty and unsatisfied nature of
a - f 1 I m . .a
man will nod cause tor teanui conuici at
least among ourselves. - And yet I would,
under no circumstances, rote to furnish
men and means to carry on war abroad
merely for tho sake of avoiding internal
strife. I prefer whnt I am sure, if we are
not a doomed people, is easy and practic
able, to pot our passions and party amnios
ities under recognizance to keep the peace
where we are. r .
DOCTRINE OF THE FATHERS.
The Republican parly does claim, and
has always claimed, aud the Democratic
parly always claimed until about tbe yeas-
1852, throughout all tbe North, that Con
gress bad plenary and nqueslionsble pow
er, ander tbe Constitution of tbe United
States, to prohibit oejrro slavery ia Terri
tories; and that it is the duty of Congress
to exert tbat power whenever slavery did
not exist m any Territory where the white
man could live and work. - My Democrat
ic friend from Ohio (Mr. VaJlandigham)
stated nere a tew days ago that tbe Veto
ocratic party had bees wrong upon that
object meaning that tbey had heretofore
conceded this power and msuted on its ex
erctse. "" Now it is certain to look at it his
torically, tbat in tlie progress of your Gov
ernment, the first founders of it did pro
ceed upon tbat principle. The ordinance
of 1787 was made nnder tbe old Confed
eration ; il was made by very many of the
men woo satin tbe convention which form
ed tbe present Constitution of the United
Stales; and Virginia, by all her delegates,
voted for tbat ordinance. -
.-.. .
Why are we, I ask again, to bedenouc
eed as bad men for desiring to act as our
fathers acted I Wo wish to do just wbat
tbey did under similar circumstances. - We
desire, if tbe country cives us power, to do
all things rightly ; and in doing so, we turn
lo the brip-tit examples of better davs
tor our guide. Unhappily fur us, the
North and the South have no confidence
in each other, and madness rules tbe
hoar. You thiok you have diverse and
opposing interests. This is all a mistake,
a great mistake, - Whatever promotes the
interest of Alabama and Mississippi, is, in
a national point of view, equally favorable
to me mteresu of tbe state of Ohio.
One gentleman has spoken of Ohio as an
empire State. If she be such a Slate, is
not Alabama made stronger by the con
neclion with a strong rather than a weak
State ! In any national conflict Alabama
has a powerful ally. In this view, it is loo
plain for argument tbst every State is in
terested in the prosperity of every other,
aud each ia the prosperity and happiness
of all. We are not rivals, we are brothers.
And here I may ask, without egotism, why
is young Uhio so powerful! .
Kentucky is older by many years: whilst
with- a climate and soil unsurpassed by
few, perhaps none in tbe Union; with
people surpassed by no community for en
terprise, for courage, for constancy, for all
the qualities which give character. and in
fluence and just pride lo stales, Ohio cer
tainly from cause, ba9 very far exceeded
ber elder sister in developing wealth, pop
ulation, and all tbat constitutes a strong
and powerful Stale. Why is this so f
The cause, I thiok, will be found in facts
bich give Ohio no cause to bonst of her
self, but in. that very institution which
forms the topic of all this debnte. Ken
tucky is my native Slate. I know her
well: I knew her great men, and love tbem
and honor tbem; but Ohio and ber, side
by side, joined in heart as well as neigh
borhood look at them, and you will see
the difference between thein to which I re
fer.
"MY COLLEAGUE, MR. COX," AND THE RESERVE
PEOPLE.
My colleague, Mr. Cox, spoke of a meet
ing upon the Western Keserve, in Uhio.
lie is a young gentleman, a rising man.
nd if he does not get bad habits upon the
Democratic side of the House, may come
to something some day hence. Laugh
ter. He amused himself with the comic
power he possesses, in imiiatiug the nasal
twang of the Yankees of that Reserve.
It sounded strange lo you, as it did to bim ;
and so it did to the army of Prince Rupert
at Martsraon Moor, when the ancestors of
these men rushed into battle against toe
chivalry and curled darlings of tho Court
of Charles L Whnt happened then ?
Something worthy to be noted and not for
gotten. Stout Cromwell and his uncoi.-
uerable Ironsides, wben tbe day was well
nigh lost, charged with resistless fury up
on the proud columns of tbat host of gen
tlemen, as tbey were boastfully denomina
ted, and lo I Prince Rupert and his host
were no longer there. They were scattered
as the dried leaves of Autumn are before
the storm-blast of the coming Wiuler.
That same nasal twang rang out on that
day, their Well-known war cry, "The sword
of the Lord and of Gideon."
These Yankees are a peculiar people ;
they are an industrious, thriving, pains
taking race of men. - The frailties of these
men grow out of their very virtues, those
stern virtues which founded liberty in Eng
land, and baptized it in tbeir own blood up
on Bunker Hill, in America. Tbey will do
so again if there is. a necessity for it. It
a hard matter to deal with men wbo do
verily believe tbat God Almighty and his
Angels encamp round about them. What
do tbey care for earthly things or earthly
power I . What do they care for kings and
lords, and presidents ( They fully believe
tbey are heirs of the King of kings. In
the hour of battle tbey seem to themselves
to stand, like the great .Hebrew leader, . in
tbe cleft of the rock; tbe glory of tbe most
high God passes by tbem, and Ibey eaten
gleam of its brightness. If you come 10
conflict with the purposes . of such men,
tbey will regard duty as.everylbing, life as
nothing. So it appeared in oar war of tbe
Revolution. .
WHAT THE REPUBLICAN PARTY PROPOSES.
Mr. Clerk, it is my wish to show that the
Republican party, which proposes to pro
hibit slavery id- JerrUortet,n, in tbat prin
ciple, following tbe example oi tue men ot
the revolutionary period, both before and
after the adoption of tbe Constitution.
The ordioanceTH 1787, prior to, or rather
eotemporary with, tbe Constitution, shows
tbat tbe men wbo, under tbe Confederation
enacted tbat ordinance, thought it most
wise and beneficial towards slave and free
Slates both to prohibit slavery in the North
western Territory. Now, if these men
were wise men if they were patriots
then wbat is the Republican party t It
propose lo continue their policy ; to imi
tate their example; lo follow in. tbeir foot
steps; and this is all on tbe subject of sla
very which we propose to do. Were the
men of 1787 wrong, then indeed in this
particular is tbe Republican party wrong.
If they were right in the policy which die
taU tbe ordinance of 787, then is tbe
;
Republican party right, and the Democrat
ic pany wrong totally, entirely wrong.
Bat yoa say this ordinance was not
cled noder'tbe Constitutron, but prior to
a . 1 . a Mm -9
it, ana mat under an1 by virtue or toe
Constitution, we have no power to prohibit
slavery in the Territories br eels of Con
gress. Ixrtusnow.ee wbatttefrthersevii
on that subject; and, particularly, let us
observe what ther did. I most insist on
the point of examining into what tbe elder
men ot the Kepublw did, for Ibis reason:
these men made, pondered, stadied, adop
ted tbe Constitution. They bad great ven
eration tor it; and all of them wbo acted
under it, whether in legislative,' executive,
or judicial capacity, took a solemn oath to
support and not to violate ik If they
were honest (and I think we will scarcely
dispute it,) then, if they did violate the
Constitution, they were ignorant men, and
did not understand tbeir own work as well
as we saffet here assembled'. - I think the
characteristic modesty of this House -will
scarcely assort tbe latter proposiUonl I
THE MISSOURI COMPROMISE AND THE POWER
OF CONGRESS OVER THE TERRITORIES.
. Passing by many facts in our political
history which threw some light on tbe sub
ject before, let us pause a moment at tbe
year 1820. Hot long before this time we
bad passed through our second war wiih
great Britain. At that time, I began
to look out upon tbe political afiairs of the
world with that interest which novelty and
importance would inspire in all young
minds. 1 read tbe arguments in the Mis
souri case wilb a great deal of care. Al
though the sentiment of tbe country was
generally ngainsl Hie, I then formed tbe
opinion that Missouri bad a rtghi to come
into the Union with slavery. I thought
that right was founded upon tbe treaty
stipulations by which that Territory was
acquired.
Row, sir, who were they, disputing at
that lime about this question of the ben
efits of slavery, the disadvantages of sla
very, the evils of slavery, looking at it in
all its aspects, social, moral, political f
Ibey were the men of 1820; tbey were
men who bad just emerged from that strug
gle with Great Britain, second in impor
tance, as they thought, only lo that in
bich they conquered our independence;
they rejoiced that ibey bad come out of it
with reputation to the country. Their
hearts were American. Whether Demo
crats, Republicans or Federalists, they were
all Americans; all party lines had been
obliterated.. We know that the period to
which I refer was called the halcyon period
of the Republic. God knows it was a
lappy day in the public jitl.-urs, compared
with the present. What did they dof
Just what we should do to-morrow, if we
were like them. Tbey admitted a Slave
State because they were bound to do it,
either by treaty obligations or by those
fraternal relations that must exist between
the Stales ; and they said that slavery nev
er should exist in the territory north of
Missouri.
You snv that tbey Lad no constitutional
power to do it. Is it to be supposed tbnl
tho men of those days did not understand
tbeir coustiiutional obligations t There
were Mr.' Monroe and John Quincy Adams,
and William H. Crawford my Georgia
friends can understand wbo I mean when
I speak of bim a man, in my memory,
quite as illustrious as any citizen that has
ever lived in that great Slate. ' He was
Secretary of the Treasury in tho Cabinet
of Mr. Monroe. ' There was Mr. Smith
Tompkins, afterward Judge of the Supreme
Court, a man whom everybody wbo knew
him will now remember as one possessing
great learning in matters of constitutional
law, as well as in common and civil law; a
jurist, in the best sense of tbe word ; an
old -fashioned man, in tbe best sense of tbe
word ; a man of large and well-furnished
bead, and sound patriotic heart.. He was
Secretary of the Navy. Mr. McLean was
not at that time a member of tbat Cabin
et. Il remained for General Jackson to
bring the Postmaster General into tbe
Cabinet but he was in familiar association
with that Caminet. But who was he, 1
ask you, whose only function it was at that
time to give constitutional law to the Cab
inet! Who was the "Attorney General,
who bos nothing else to do but that, or
would have nothing else t do if we had
not imposed extra official duties upon him f
William Wirt was the man, a Virginian.
presume my honorable friend from Vir
ginia who sits before me now, Mr. Bocock
would have bad some doubt about tbe pro
priety of bis own opinion upon legal and
constitutional points, if Mr. Wirt had dif
fered from him.
John C. Calhoun "of South. Carolina
was also a member of tbat Cabinet. This
very question the power of Congress , to
prohibit slavery in tbe Territories was
submitted to tbat Cabinet, Was Mr.
Monroe an Abolitionist f Doubtless, like
others of b"s compeers of tbat period, be
did entertain the opinion that wherever
tho white man could labor with ad-
antage, it would be better to prohibit
slavery ; but that was not the question
submitted to him bim of tho revlouliou-
ary era; hira an honored influential pat
riot from tbe time of our independence up
lo tha constitutional era, a contempora
ry of the Constitution itself, who knew all
the motives and reasons, ihe pros and cons
why this power was put in, and that was left
out, of that instrument which, as eloquent-
temarked -tbe Other day, is so delicate
pieco of machinery ihnt if it be deranged
in a single spring the whole falls into chaos.
This man, a contemporary of tbst period.
wbo studied tbat complex and delicate
work, knew the object of the whole and
the function or each of its parts i asx,
id he not understand the nscs and deaigd
of tbat work as well, nay, much 'better,
than we, his degenerate successors t Tbat
question, I repeat, was submitted to bis
Cabinet, not a single member of which, I
believe, is now alive; and tbe testimony
of Adams is tbat they were unanimously
of the opinion that the bill - prohibiting
slavery in that' territory north of laltilude
86 deg. 80 mini whs a constitutional law.
LATER AUTHORITIES AND' DBCI8IONS.
It may be remembered tbat tbe legisla
live power of Congress over Territories came
before tbe Supremo Court of the United
Slates as n question directly or incidentally
involved in a casi which was brought frorn
that Ten-it orr, I think ia tho rear 1828.
Tha whole court Uies sgroed that Congress
aioue could f gislalo for Territorial,
should be born io mind that this was tbe
same court, but not tho ; same judges
wDicn decided tbe famous case of Dred
Scott.- What did Mexico aav-when she
ceded territory to us f - She ceded1 it
the United States; not lo South, Carolina
or to Georgia, or Massachusetts; but to
the United States. -She sail that the
right to make laws for this people, is now
transferred to the United States. - Tie lo
cal law ana regulations in all such c&ses
remain iu full force, except whet ibey con
4 : :.L ,u f.. .. ... : e . i j
U1V W,IU IMS VSOMUHUVU UI . I UC J UILCU
Slates. . The deed of cession was made
to tbe Government of the United Sates,
snu t:;at trovermnnt, by con sequence, has
by virtue of treaty, tho power to control
the territory. 1 bare given you the opm
ion of Chief Justice Marshall. There are
other decisions of the Supreme Court,
which 1 may bemfter refer to, recognizing
Uongress as tbe only legislative power
which can rightfully make laws for a Terri-
torry, until that lerrttory. becomes a
Slate.. ': ... tt i
Now, let me look a little lo our opinions
tbe opinions of learned gentlemen eloc
ted to represent the people. It - was ob
served by the gentlemen from Mississippi
that, in the "compromise of 18o0, as b
will continue to call it, the power to make
laws for the Territories was abandoned.
Now, if any one will look into the laws of
1850, organizing the Territories of How
Mexico and Utalt, they will fiud that while
tbev organized a Legislative Council and a
lower House of Representatives, in each of
those organic laws tbey provide tbat tbe
laws made by the Territorial Legislature
should be returned to Congress, and if dis
approved by Congress, should bo null and
roid. . bo far from surrendering this great
principle, now become established by juri
dicial decision, as well as by the laws of
Uongress, Congress expressly retained
ihe power to annul the laws of the Terri
lory. Sir, I listened to tho debate upon
tbose mearures of 1850 for many month.
Mr. Webster was, I think, very nnjustly
condemned by a portion of the people of
bis own binte, because, tliey said, bo sur
rendered this great right 1 have lived too
long to be much a am zed al anything; but
have been utterly astonished tbat it
should have been asserted that either of the
illustrious men wbo figured in that discus
sionClay or Webster ever surrendered
tbe potter of Congress to prohibit sJarery
in the Territories of the United states.'
Tbey declared, in their speeches, that they
believed they had tbat power; put that the
territory coming from Mexico was fee, aod
that no power on earth, except Con gross,
could ttke slavery there, unless tbe - law
making power of thai territory bad planted
it there before we squired iu - All the
courts, State and Federal, up to-1854, had
delrmined that slavery is the creature of lo
cal law, or long local usuage recognized law
ful sbicu wa but another formula. for tbe
expression of that principle. -: - j.
Mr. Clerk, I find myself at a loss toun
derstnnd how it is posssible for tbe gentle-'
men on the other side to rid their minds
of the crushing weight of authority which
presses against, them, upon this subject,
either as to tbe policy of restricting slavery,
or tho power of Congruss to dojl. Will
they assert tbat tbe men of 87 were mis
taken in tbe policy, and tbat Congress and
the executive departmeut, from .-1804 to
1821, were mistaken :n the point of. con
stitutional power I . Where is - tbe : enor
mous egotist to be found who will assert
that he understands, to-day, tho Constitu
tion of tbe United States belter than Pres
ident Monroe and his entire Cabinet did in
1821! " i '-..;
CHIEF JUSTICE MARSHALL'S OPINION.
Now, it wns declared by the Supreme
Court as early as 1810, that the power to
govern tho Territories arises under the pow
er to acquire territory, or under tbe clause
of the Constitution authorizing Congress to
make all needful rules and regulations re
potting the territory and other property
of the United States. - So much for 1810.
Now, seme years bars elapsed. In 1 Pe
ters, page 611, there is av reference to the
same question, and the law is laid down
in the same terms as in 1810. lathe
meantime, savs Judge Marshall, "Florida
continues to be a Territory to tbe United
states, governed by tbat clause of the con
stitution which -empowers Congress to
mske all needful rules aud regulations re
specting the territory of other property of
tbe United States. lie goes on: -
Perhaps the ' power -of governing a
Territory belonging to tbe United Stales,
which bus not, by becoming a State, ac
quired tbe means of self-government, may
lesnlt necessarily from the facts tbat it is
nut within the jurisdiction of any particu
lar Slate, and is within the power aod ju
risdiction of the United States. The right
to govern may be tbe inevitable evose-
q'uenee of tbe right to acquire territory.
wnicnever may oe the source whence tbe
power may lie derived, the possession of
it is unquestioned. vv:' v- ' -'
Tbese Republican traitors, these dopes.
these insurrectionists, these one hundred
and thirteen men who- were, as yon say.
by intendment) at Harper's Ferry with
Jihn Brown these men have committed
no sin but that of believing with Judge
Marshall, and with the Supreme Court up
to the year 1828, in the opinions tbey en
tertain. I shall show, by and by. the tame
doctrine now held by the Republican par
ty was carried forward by an unbroke cur-,
rent of decision up to the year 1852. ' '
JUDGE WAYNE IN 1853.
In 1853, a Terr few weeks before tbe lab.
d oat ion el tha Kansas-Nebraska hill, there was
as optoios prononneed by Judge Wayne, at
tbe December term of tbst court, in which' be
said t ' . . ....
"Tbo Terrifory, f peaking of Oslifersis) bad
been ceded as a con quest, and wss to be pre
served sad gowned aa such, until the sovert
eighty to which it panned (the United States)
bad leeislnted for It. "
He proceeds 1 -.- : V- "
Tbst sovereignty was the United Btstss, en-
drr the Constitution, be which power had been
given lo Congress to dispose ot aad make all
seedful rules sad regulations concerning; the
territory or other property belonging talbeUai-
tol ataua-V- : v .- . ...
THE PROOF COMPLETE.
'Then.'! any. from the earliest period of our
Govvraineut duwn ta I853.ererr nnd v ll aa-raav-
lag to it : oilskadceef polities: ajf the court of
tbe country, sit ever M regarded tbe qcesttna
as clearly nettled, as rhs Repnblicaim sow hold
it. I wish thai speech of mine, aa Calf as it (nee;
impcrfrct as it is, to be auasidered ss "Corwin
Apology fur KrpablicaBDin. nr. liarclav
wrote -As Apology lur Quakerism,' a capital
book, with a ecod deal ef sap Be is it. My Ap
ology for Republicanism may not be quite as
auuioritne. .., .
THE OLD WHIG DOCTRINE.
which the Whig party always inculcated upon
this snlijeet,are the cardinal doctrines of tbeke-
publicaa party ; aad the only constitutional doc
trines they have enunciated were born of a vio
lation of those sros Whig doctrines is 1854.
Tlie Krpublicaa party had serer bad a name,
and never had aa exist aace, in that form aad
that name had it not bera tor the proceedings
of that Congress in 1854.- -1 suppose that every
man will admit this.. And why I Why wm
tbat treasonable party, as yoa now denominate
it. brought iu to existence T Do yon suppose that
all the people of the Xorth are iuane T 1 would
bke aa inquest of lunacy to try the questiaa. ssd
I would snow whers tha insanity is. It was
in that Tear, 1354, that you proposed to rcnon nee
this doctrine of the control of Congress srer the
Territories. , Jt was then you determined to de
part from that compromise of 1850, to which my
friend from Illinois Mr. afcClernand just re-fe-rrvd
me, aud with which I am satisfied. Why
wss I sal is tied with it I ----- !.
In the brut place, when the compromise meas
ures of 1850 were passed, I was aot a member of
the Senate. I wss a member of the Cabinet
hew tbey were brought to President Fillmore,
sud I said that every one of tbose bills should
be approved. I did it upon the same consider
ations precisely, which hare brought me to the
conclusions 1 bare announced to-day. '
DRED SCOTT.
oi tue Uovernmcnt with pcrtect respect, but 1
undertake to say Uiat neilbcr Mr. Clay nor Mr.
Webster could ever have been led to believe
tbst tbe Supreme Court of the United States
a-onld decide that Cosercss bad ao power to ler-
Ulnte over the subject of Slavery in the Territo
ries. I shall aot here attempt to discuss the
Dred Scott decision, for 1 have passed over that
DEMOCRATIC REMINISCENCES.
¬
cratic party of the North. Dt wurbmi mUal atai
boHtan. Laughter. A celebrated maa in oar
country has said tbat tbat maxim ought to be
changed to "de morUUnUiilnmm tenm." I take
ibat proposition and silopl it. I do aot mesa
to accuse tha Democratic party of any erianvez-
cept of being once in the right aad afterwards
pursuing the wrong, ily colleafue from the
Dayton district, (klr. Vallcndighom.) ins spirit
t csndir. told us tbe other day lUoi the Deiuo
tra.ic party of Uhio had beuu wrong on this
question ui slavery. I wish to show itmt he wss
right in that declaration, arcording to his view
of i", sad that if he would just change that word
"wrong into "right, tbe Lleruocraac party were
right accordine to tha doctrines af the fathers of
the Government; but they wandered away from
the instructions of Muaes to the worship of Aab-
ttrulb, and otner diabolical divinities. 1 will
quote a little of their iron pel, from cathedral sti-
tbority, in the State of Ohio, ia the year 16MB,
whereby I wish to show to the Democratic par
ty of the South, as it is called, how great an act
they bar achieved ia baring converted the roost
hardened and anomnauie sinners wbo bare ex
isted in the world, f Laughter. I '
Democratic gentlemen from tha South most
sum won their christian charity to this work.
Tbev must remember that our Democratic Sauls
ol Tarsus were on their way to Demascusin 1848
bent upon persecuting Democratic Christians of
tbe South, j ou ses bow tbey divided tbe gar
ments of the Southern Stephen, and stoned him
to deslh. Too all rejoice, however, to see bow
"a great light shown npoa I hem" in 1854, aad
bow tbey beard about that time stoics from the
South, aud lo 1 upon I lie instant, they donned
their "sandal sboon and scallop shell, aud, with
meek submission ssd pious seal, they mads
tbeir pilgrimage from tha icy regions of old con
stitutional faith to tha sunny realms of South
ern doit J ties, where, to this dsy, they remain in
"-brotherly lore. MimcleS bad aot ceased.
But "who shall say whether these wanderers
from their old homes may not stow weary of
their sew abodes, and tura tbeir laces to Judea,
crying. When 1 forget thee, U Jerusalem, may
my ngbt hand forgetits canning I .. liut let me
refer yoa to their heresies; bat be not alarmed,
fur tbcv are all safe now : , . . - . .
Retolvcd, That the people of Uhio, now.ss
they hare always done, looking npoa the insti
tution of slavery aa an evil, unfavorable to the
lull dcvclopcment of our institutions", (truss
Democndio people have bad greatly at heart
that "developsmeat of our rosu lotions." . They
were speakiug for the people of Ohio fur the
Whigs held tbe same idea exactly with one ex
ception, which 1 shall state direstly) unfa
vorable to tbe lull dereiopement ot wi institu
tions; and tbat, entertaining these se: imeatsv
they feel it to be their duty to ase all the row
ers consistent with the nations! compact, ts pre
vent its increase, to mitigate here is the point
on wbicb t diner witb tbem,! cad Assay araat-
caU ' ., ? . ... . ... ., , . . . .
The classical mind of my colleague from the
Uaytun district snggesta to bins tbe etymological
meaning of tbat born hie word (laughterj'erad-
icste not lop U off, aot pre rent its growisg
into other fields irotn tbose in wuieu K ts sow
planted : but to walk into tho South aad take
slavery there and grab it np provided tha Con
stitution will allow it. What do you charge
these Seward men with ! You say they will
set accordine to the forms of tha Coastitath :
that they will gel aa overruling power in the
Government in this House. ; tbat they will get
- : :, Ar.Ln e . t. .1 Til 1
a ifKvrnr w, tun u.H'Uv , uwi Mier iu aste
willing and obedient Executive la tha White
House : and then they will walk over the Coa-
stilntioa. Tbat is precisely what, the Demo
cratic party of Ohio proposes to do. We Whigs
sever aid propose to do tbst. never be
hVved that we haw say bnainass to trndioala"
Slavery. Ws never intimated that we could
interfere with it. . But your Deraocratia hretkrea
with whom you ate now suBooistiir so happily.
bettered tbat tdeutieal doctrine Too charge
Mr. Seward with bariiia- iatrodneed into tha
brain of John Brown the idea tbat Slavery ought
ta be nprooted ia the States. I sappose ha bad
sera this resolution poaned btf tbe treat Demos
cratie party of Uhio ia 1H43. 1 think he lived in
mat Kuue. 1 oa bare been spending asys ssa
weeks seveh Weeks ia proving that Jha
Brows serer would hare teen at Harper's Fit
ry,sai that Helper never would have writ feu
his book aJthotir-h be wrote it tws or three
years befbrs Mr- forward mads tha rwnrk-s-if
the aad ant Heard that William il. fee ward
said there wss -an ii rrpnasihta aonfliBt" be
tween nee labor sad store lore labor. -
The less a man does tbe more fuss kc
makes. A hen with one chicken docs
more scratching lb a- if she bad a family
of fifteen. - :-.-:-
' ' aa '
Punch savs he saw a father knock down
t:.Lui 1 i.i lUnnKt it wss the
SB VVJUTSU , WT, B"S
most striking illustration of sun-down be
ever beheld. " .
aiamia
Vtwrnra-a a Rrr. Bschelars are not en
tirely lost to tbe refinement of sentiment,
for tbe following toast waa given by one
of them at a celebration . "The. Ladies
oweet-briar in tbe garden of life.", ,
There are some persons who appear, to
possess all kinds of sense, but common
sense.
The Biggest Oil Report Yet.
It would seem aa if tbe oily repioo of
this country is really be'ng 'tapped itr the
jugular. The Pittsburgh Gisett of the
2 1st, publishes tbe . following account of
what is going o ia the vicinity, ot Oil
Creek, the psrtxulsrs obtained from a gen
tlemen from the heart of Oil-dom. The
QawUtt says: r -
The commercial cauldron seems to be
boiling still higher la that excited Eldorado
of Western Pennsylvania, The discovery
of a" new well, the next one that has been
tested to the McClintock, lias thrown far
in tbe shade alt otner similar windfalls of
a previous date. - Three weeks ago a gen
tlemen from Brawwilbs, Mercer eonnty,
was offered an uteres! of one-sixth m- the
Crosby well, which: had then obtained a
depth of 100 fret, and was regarded as
one tbat promised fair. He eonralted bis
friends arte declined the u vestment as
being extra hazardous. Since then tbe
well has been carried thirty oae feel deeper,
where aa extraordinary rein waa alruck,
which has been called the jugular eia of
the whole oil region. . A steam pump was
procured and put down, and last week op
erations were begun, the result of which
showed a yield of oil . which far exceeds
the most sanguine expectations ol all con
cerned. Several gentlemen, by actual
measurement and liming by the watch,
made an estimate of the amount, and their
calculations gave from two and a half to
three gallons per minute, or from MMly fo
one hundred and twenty larrtls per day!
Tbe enormouse value of this well will be
belter appreciated by comparison with some
of the best wells in the Oil Creek district.
The McClintock, on Oil Creek, three miles
from the mouth, yeilds eighteen barrels a
day. The Drake yield 12 bbls. day,
through its capacity is supposed to Tbe twico
sa much, the pumping apparatus used being
defective. ' The engineer has offered to
give Mr. Drake twenty one barrels per day
and take the ballanee for pumping tbe oil
up.' The Barnes wall well, in Crawford
county, about one forth of a mile from tbe
Venango line, yields twenty five barrels
daily. Iudebth ts 180 feet. When Mr.
Bsraswell bad board 120 feet, he sold a
man from Ohio a one sixth interest ia this
well and tbe wbole tract adjoining, comprie
inrr some 200 or 800 acres, for 10,000,
t&OO down and the balance ia annual pay
ments of the same sum. .
Mr. Eratct, the Blacksmith in Fianktin
wbo board his own well, ha been offered
1 1 00,000 for it. The terms he demanded
were $20,000 down and a responsible bank
to honor his check at any moment for tbe
balance. 7 He hasaua -refused 5000 a
year root for it. The Arnold , well bas
reached tbe debib of 120 feet. Six or
eight veins of ou have been struck, aud the
proprietors are still going deeper. .The
Franklin Company base bored -41 feet
striking oil S40 feet, and commenced pump
ing last Friday. Indications fair. Tbe
Hoover well, three miles below Franklin on
tha hank of ihs AHrffhanT river, bas been
bored 112 feel. Oil ia sufficient quantity
to pay bas been found, bat the proprietors
are going deeper in search of the great
vein struck by tbe Crosby well. . The well
of Graff dt Painter, on Oil CreeJr.1 mile
front tbe month, ia reported to be av food
one. Tbey were putting up -an- engine
last week and will- be pumping this week.
At the mouth of Gordon Run, below Ti
dioute, on tbe Alleghany, ia Warren coun
ty, s well 6 feet wide was rank to the
deblh of ten feet, wben tbe workmen came
to a rock and stopped lo go for their bor
ing tools i when tbey returned tbey found
six inches ot oil oa toe rocc ana aippea
off 82 gallons. Tbey sre now borring tbe
rock sod expect great results. Ihere are
not loss than 200 well now in various
stages of progress and in 90 days it is esti
mated there will lie 1000. Previous to
the discovery of tbe Crosby well, tbe ex
citement was excess, bat saw it baffles
description.' It W pervading every class of
mee, merchants, naasvu factors, mechanics
physicians, lawyers, and it is said, has even
invaded tbe polpib There ie sot a lawyer
or merchant in Franklin wbe in not' more
or less concerned in the oQ business. The
farmers particularly bare become almost
infatuated, and aro mortgaging tbeir farms
to procure money at 8 per cent, a month
tote invested in oil wells, Tbe hotels
are crowded, stages are filled to overflowing,
and vehicles of every sort, private and pub
lic, are ia constat deaMud, though stll tbe
wants of travelers are net supplied. Tbe
excitement in New York city is also intense,
and daily arrivals from Lhat vicinity are re
ported at the bouse of eatertaiomeat, , -t
It has been thought that this large in
crease ia thesnrtply of oil woald detiror
ate its pries, bat tae Wlowipg woulJ seem
set a rest any apprsbeosiooa of tbat
character. The firm of Ereliich, Bissell
4 Co, a very boery tonus is New .York,
hara seal eat aa atfea lo the oil district.
wbo has bargained foe all the oil prod need -by
the Crosby, Drake, McClintock . and
Barnes wall mUkv. daring , toe next fire
years. .. He agrees to- sell tha oil at a com
mission of a per sent aad to advance tea
dorters on each barrel shipped to the firm
in New York, who have purchased a site
in Franklin at $30,000. on which they are
about erecting a ery large refinery. i
The character of tbe oil vanes. Soma
is of a fight transparent color, and answers
beslor bamnv- Other oil is darker col
ored, stiff aad fwaetfaiinK, aad makes
an excellent mbrwee-. . Of I bo rorraer
aortia tbat produced in the Crosby mill;
ef tbe latter that of the Drank and Mo-
fJUatock mills, . .
Saj Cascaatt. During the firing of
m urate guns to Ksoxville, 111., at a meeting
of tbe citizens to pay tritate to tbe mem
ory of Got. Bissell. two men were killed
by tbe premature aiscoarge oi toe cannon.
Mr. Palmes, one of tbe Unfortunate man,
left a wife and two children, and tbe other,
Mr. Morrow, a wife and (bur children.
THSKSHiva Mashixbs ran CAtxrOajru-
Messrs, Russet of tin's place, have filled
orders for fifty one Threshing machines,
from California, within tbe last six months.
Massillon Time.