The Kinsley graphic. [volume], September 02, 1898, Image 6

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THE SPANISHAMERICAN WAR
Brief History of the Conflict from the Time of
the Landing of the Maine at Havana to the Sign
ing of the Peace ProtocoL v
Jan. 24, 1898. The battleship Maine or
dered to Havana.
Feb. 9. The De Lome letter pub
lished. Feb. 10. De Lome resigns and his res
ignation accepted at Madrid.
Feb. 15. Destruction of the Maine in
the harbor of Havana.
March 8. Congress votes unanimously
and without debate for a defense
fund of $50,000,000.
March 28. United States board of in
quiry reports that the Maine was
blown up by external mine.
April 11. President McKinley sends
his Cuban message to congress.
April 20. The government sends its
ultimatum to Spain, and the queen
regent opens the cortes with a war
like speech. The Spanish minister at
Washington asks for his passports.
April 21. Minister Woodford asks for
his passports at Madrid, and leaves
for Paris
April 22. War opens with the Nash
ville's capture' of the Buena Ventura
and the New York's capture of the
Pedro. Havana harbor declared in a
state of blockade.
April 23. President calls for 125,000
. volunteers.
April 24. Spain declares war.
April 25. Congress declares that war
began on April 21 by act of Spain.
States called upon for their quota of
troops.
April 26. Chairman Dingley reports
war revenue bill to the house. Eng
land publishes her neutrality, dated
April 23, reciting that "a state of
war unhappily exists," etc. Spain
appeals to the powers.
April 27. Matanzas earthworks
shelled and silenced by the New
York. Puritan and Cincinnati.
Steamer Guido made a prize by
monitor Terror. Dewey's Asiatic
squadron sails from Mirs bay to
Manila, and the Spanish fleet leaves
Manila to meet him.
April 28. Congress agrees to a naval
' appropriation bill of nearly $47,000,
000. April 29. House passes bill, for popu
lar bond issue of $400,000,000. Naval
bill passes the senate. Spanish fleet
leaves Cape Verde islands.
May 1. Spanish fleet demolished by
Commodore Dewey in the Bay of
Manila. Eleven Spanish warships J
completely destroyed.
May 4. The fighting ships of Admiral
Sampson's squadron sailed from Key
West, after preparing for a long stay
at sea.
May 10. The Spanish cortes voted the
war credits.
May 11. Maj. Gen. Merritt was or
dered to the Philippine islands as
military governor.
May 12. News vias received of the
arrival of the Spanish Cape Verde
squadron at Martinique, West In
dies. The gunboat Wilmington, the
torpedo boat Winslow, and the aux
iliary gunboat Hudson, while in Car
denas bay, were attacked by Spanish
batteries and gunboats. Ensign Bag
ley and four of the Winslow's crew
were killed and the town of Carde
nas was shelled.
May 13. Rear Admiral Sampson re
ported that he had bombarded the
xorts at aan juun, ruerto luco, with
the loss of two men killed and six
wounded, the American squadron
being uninjured. The flying squad
ron, under Commodore Schley,
-sailed under secret orders from
Hampton roads. The St. Louis broke
the telegraph cable between San
Juan, Puerto Ilico and St. Thomas.
May 14. The Spanish fleet was report
ed at Curacao, off the Venezuelan
coast, and Admiral Sampson was off
Puerto Plata, Hayti.
May 16. The Spanish fleet left Cura
cao, and Admiral Sampson's fleet was
reported off Cape Haitien.
May 18. The Oregon was announced
as safe by Secretary Long.
May 19. Spain's Cape Verde fleet was
reported to have reached Santiago
de Cuba.
May 22. The cruiser Charleston sailed
from San Francisco for Manila via
Honolulu.
May 24. Admiral Cervera's fleet was
reported bottled up in Santiago
' harbor by theAmerican fleets. The
Oregon arrived at Jupiter, Fla.
May 25. The president called for 75,
000 more volunteers. The transports
Australia, City of Peking, and City
of Sidney, with 2,500 soldiers, left
. San Francisco for Manila.
May 29. Commodore Schley reported
sighting the Spanish fleet in Santia
go harbor.
May 30. Gen. Sbafter was ordered to
embark 15.000 or more troops at
Tampa. Santiago was thought to be
their destination.
May 31. Spanish reports were received
of the bombardment of Santiago
forts by Commodore Schley.
June 1. Details were received of the
bombardment of the Santiago forts
by Commodore Schley on May 31,
with the Massachusetts, Iowa and
New Orleans.
June 2. The house of representatives
passed an urgent deficiency bill,
carrying nearly $18,000,000 for war
.expenses.
June 4. Admiral Sampson reported
that Naval Constructor R. P. Hob
son, with a volunteer crew of seven
men, had, on June 3, sunk the collier
Merrimac in the Santiago harbor
channel, shutting in Cervera's fleet.
Ilobson and his men were made
prisoners. The senate passed the
war revenue bill by a vote of 48 to 28.
June 6. Further bombardment of
Santiago reported. The house sent
the war revenue bill to conference,
nonconcurring in senate amend
ments. June 7. Admiral Sampson reported
having silenced, on June 6, the Santi
ago fortifications without injury to
the American ships. The monitor
Monterey and collier Brutus left
San Francisco for Manila.
June 9. The house agreed to the con
ference report on the war revenue
bill by a vote of 43 to 22.
June 11. Six hundred marines from
the Panther, who had landed at Cai
manera. Guatanamo bay, Cuba, June
10, under protection from the Mar
blehead, were attacked by Spaniards,
four Americans being killed and sev
eral wounded or missing. The Span
iards retreated.
June 13. The president signed the
war revenue bill. The Santiago ex
pedition, of over 15,000 troops, left
Key West, convoyed by warships.
June 14. Continued fighting at Cai
manera was reported, two Ameri
cans and 17 Spaniards being killed.
June 15. The second expedition to
Manila, on four transports, sailed
from San Francisco. The Vesuvius
fired her dynamite guns at Santiago
forts, for the first time, with de
structive results
June 16. News came of a third bom
bardment of Santiago by Admiral
Sampson's squadron. The Caimanera
fort was reduced by the Texas, Su
wanee and Marblehead.
June 17. Admiral Dewey reported j
from Manila under date of June 12 !
that the insurgents had practically
surrounded Manila and had taken
2,500 Spanish prisoners. The Cadiz
squadron sailed, and the vessels were
seen passing Gibraltar, bound east.
June 18. News was received of fur
ther shelling of Spaniards at Cai-1
manera on June 17.
June 21. News came of the arrival off
Santiago.de Cuba of Gen. Shaffer's
transports with 15,000 troops on
June 20. Gen. Shafter and Rear Ad
miral Sampson landed at Acerra
deros, Cuba, 15 miles from Santiago,
and conferred with Gen. Garcia.
June 22. Official reports by cable
from a station on the Cuban shore,
near Caimanera, told of the landing
of part of Gen. Shatter's troops at
Baiquiri, near Santiago de Cuba,
with little resifctance.
June 23. Landing shifted to Siboney
and continued during the night by
aid of St. Louis' searchlights. Ad
miral Camara's Cadiz fleet was re
ported off the island of Pantellaria,
half way from Cadiz to Suez.
June 24. Sixteen American soldiers
were killed and about 40 wounded
in driving back a Spanish force near
Santiago. Six of the killed were
Roosevelt's rough riders.
June 26. Admiral Cainara's Cadiz
fleet reached Port Said, Egypt, and
awaited orders. Successful conclu
sion of the landing of the army by
the navy in a surf at Baiquiri and
Siboney without loss or injury of a
single man.
June 27. It was officially announced
that Commodore Watson, with a
strong fleet, would attack Spain's
coasts.
June 28. The president proclaimed a
blockade of southern Cuba from
Cape Frances to Cape Cruz, also of
. Puerto Rico. Gen. Shafter reported
that he was within three miles of
Santiago. Capt. Sigsbee, of the St.
Paul, reported disabling the Terror
at San Juan on June 22.
June 30. Further advances toward
Santiago of Gen. Shafter's army
were reported.
July 1. Gen. Shafter reported the be
ginning of a general assault on San
tiago. Gen. Lawton's division car
ried El Caney. a suburb of the city,
and the Roosevelt rough riders,
with the First and Tenth infantry,
tok San Juan, another suburb, after
desperate fighting, with heavy losses.
July 2. The Spaniards made unsuc
cessful efforts to retake San Juan.
'Admiral Sampson's fleet continued
shelling Morro castle and other
forts, doing great damage.
I July 3. Admiral Cervera's squadron
made a dash for liberty from San
tiago harbor, but being headed off
by Sampson's ships ran ashore, and
all were destroyed. The first Ma
nila expedition was reported by Ad
miral Dewey to have joined him,
after stopping at theLadrone islands
and capturing the Spanish officers
! there.
July '4. Rear Admiral Sampson re
ported the destruction of Admiral
Cervera's entire fleet, the Vizcaya,
Cristobal Colon, Oquendo, Maria Te
resa, Pluton and Furor, in an effort
to leave Santiago harbor. Gen.
Shafter reported that he had de
manded the surrender of Santiago,
which had been refused.
July 5. Camara's fleet entered the
Suez canal. His three torpedo-boat
destroyers, however, started from
Port Said back to Spain.
July 6. The senate voted to annex
Hawaii. The president issued a
proclamation of thanksgiving for
victories. Hobson and his men were
exchanged. The Texas sank the
cruiser Reina Mercedes in Santiago
harbor. The cruiser Alfonso XLL
was sunk in attempting to escape
from Havana harbor. Camara and
his fleet were ordered back to Spain
from Suez.
July 7. The president signed the Ha
waiian annexation resolutions, and
the Philadelphia was ordered to go
to Honolulu to raise the flag of the
United States over the islands. Ad
miral Dewey reported that the
American troops of the first Manila
expedition had landed at Cavite, and
that on July 3 Aguinaldo had pro
claimed himself president of the
Philippine republic.
July 8. The armistice between the
United States and Spanish forces at
Santiago was extended until noon of
July 9, in order to allow Gen. Linares
to communicate with Madrid.
July 9. Ge. Shafter reported that the
armistice at Santiago had been ex
tended until four p. m., July 10.
July 10. Santiago refused to surren
der. Thousands of refugees left the
city and sought American protection.
The St. Louis reached Portsmouth,
N.H., with 692 Spanish prisoners, in
cluding Admiral Cervera and Capt.
Eulate, of the Vizcaya.
July 11. Artillery attack on Santiago
was reported to have begun. Gen.
Miles reached Cuba.
July 12. Gen. Toral again refused to
surrender Santiago.
July 13. Gen. Miles reported that a
truce had been arranged until noon,
July 14, at Santiago. Admiral Dewey
reported having sent the Raleigh and
Concord to Grande island, Subig bay,
on information that insurgents had
been prevented on July 7 by a Ger
man warship from attacking Span
iards. The German vessel left and
Spaniards surrendered.
July 14. Gen. Toral surrendered San
tiago City and about one-third of
Santiago province to the American
army under Gens. Miles and Shafter,
on condition that his troops should
be- sent back to Spain.
July 16. Gen. Shafter cabled that Gen.
Toral, under authority from Madrid,
had finally surrendered, the only
condition being that the United
States should send the soldiers back
to Spain.
July 17. The American flag was raised
at noon over Santiago, after the
Spanish army had marched out and
laid down its arms.
July 18. The president issued a procla
mation which was sent to Gen. Shaf
ter, ordering that the local regula
tions of conquered territory should
be disturbed as little as possible.
July 20. Gen. Miles reported that he
was ready to leave Guantanamo bay
with transports for Puerto Rico, but
that a naval convox nas lacking.
July 21. Gen. Miles, with transports
and a convoy, left Guantanamo for
Puerto Rico. Gen. Calixto Garcia, of
11 H 1 1
' THE LESSONIS LEARN
the Cuban army, near Santiago, for
mally resigned and withdrew his
forces because of non-recognition by
Gen. Shafter.
July 22. Gen. Miles reported the
progress of the Puerto Rico expedi
tion from Mole St. Nicholas, Hayti.
Gen. Anderson at Manila reported
that Aguinaldo had declared a dicta
torship and that the Philippine na
tives expected independence.
July 23. Two thousand Cubans at San
tiago drew up a petition to President
McKinley asking that Spanish offi
cials at Santiago should be removed
July 24. Gen. Shafter reported that
3,000 Spanish troops at San Luis and
Palma Soriano, in the surrendered
district, had laid down their arms to
Lieut. Miley.
July 25. Gen. Miles, with the Puerto
Rico expedition, began landing near
Ponce, south coast.
July 26. Spain, through the French
ambassador at Washington, formal
ly asked President McKinley to name
terms upon which the United States
would be willing to make peace.
July 27. The American forces ad
vanced to Yauco, Puerto Rico meet
ing some Spanish opposition.
July 28. Gen. Brooke, with soldiers
on the St. Louis, St. Paul and Massa
chusetts, left Newport News for
Puerto Rico to join Gen. Miles.
July 29. Reports were received of the
surrender of the port of Ponce,
Puerto Rico, on July 27, to Capt. C.
H. Davis, of the Dixie, and of the city
of Ponce to Gen. Miles' soldiers on
July 28.
July 30. The president communicated
to M. Cambon, French ambassador,
conditions with which Spain must
comply before the United States
could begin peace negotiations.
July 31. The battleship Texas reached
New York from Guantanamo. Bat
tle fought at Malate (near Manila),
in the Philippines. American loss,
11 killed and 44 wounded. Spain's
loss estimated at 500 killed and
wounded. Spaniards were repulsed.
Aug. 1. Gen. Merritt reported the
attitude of the Philippine insurgents
as somewhat threatening.
Aug. 2. The terms on fulfillment of
which the United States would dis
cuss peace with Spain were made
public. They included the immediate
evacuation of every Spanish depend
ency in the western hemisphere; th?
relinquishment of all Spanish claimr.
to sovereignty in Cuba; the cession
of Puerto Rico and other islands, ex
cept Cuba, to the United States; the
holding by the United States of Ma
nila city and bay, pendingsettlement
by commissioners of the future dis
position and government of the Phil
ippines, and the cession of an island
(Guam) in the Ladrones. The United
States asks no money indemnity.
Aug. 3. It was stated unofficially that
Spain would accept America's peace
terms.
Aug. 4. Secretary Alger ordered Gen.
Shafter to send the Santiago army
to . Montauk Point, L. L, as fast as
possible. Shafter had made public
letters to him from Roosevelt and
other officers, saying the army would
be useless from disease if not soon
removed. Monitor Monterey arrived
at Manila bay.
Aug. 5. Gen. Shafter's troops, ac
cording to orders from Secretary
Alger, began embarking on trans
ports for New York at Santiago.
Aug. 7. Spain expected an immediate
cessation of hostilities. Roorevclt's
rough riders started from Santiago
for Montauk Point. Nearly all the
American troops in Puerto Rico ad
vanced upon San Juan.
Aug. -8. Ambasador Cambon received
Spain's reply to President McKinley,
and the work of translation was be
gun. Secretary Long, in a published
letter, def ended Rear Admiral Samp
son. Gen. Miles was closing in on San
Juan from four directions.
Aug. 9. Spain's reply in full receded,
by President McKinley. American;
demands accepted, but condi
tions were tacked on. Further ne--gotiations
looking toward peace
were resumed. Coamo, in Puerto
Rico, captured by Americans.
Aug. 10. New protocol of peace tervas
submitted to Spain. Reported that
Secretary Day will head the peace
commission. Cuban troops besieging
Holguin. Sampson and Schley were.
promoted to rear admirals.
Aug. ll.-r-Madrid cabinet reported to
have approved the peace protocol.
Mayaguez. in Puerto Rico, captured
by Gen. Schwan's troops.
Aug. 12. Peace protocol " signed at
Washington by Secretary Day and
M. Cambon, French ambassador.
Aug. 13. The Madrid government ca
bled to the. governors general of
Puerto Rico and the Philippines in
structing them to carry out the
terms of the peace protocol. Senor
Tomas Estrada Palma cabled to
President Maso that he had. In the
name of the Cuban republic, ac
cepted the armistice and request
ing him to order hostilities to cease.
The bombardment of Manzanillo,
Cuba, was in progress when the
Spaniards received news of the sign
ing of the peace protocol. A flag
of truce was raised and word was
sent to the fleet. The battle ceased
at once. Fifteen or more Spaniards
were killed and considerable prop
erty was destroyed after the proto
col was signed and while the orders
to cease hostilities were being con
veyed to the army and navy com
manders. Aug. 14. Gens. Blanco and Maoias of
ficially acknowledged. receipt of the
orders from Madrid for suspension
of hostilities and state that the in
structions are being obeyed. Only
5,000 of Gen. Shafter's troops remain
at Santiago.
Aug. 15. Consul Wildman at Hong
Kong cabled the state department
that Admiral Dewey had bombarded
Manila August 13 and the city sur
rendered unconditionally. Gen.
Blanco has resigned his office as gov
ernor of Cuba, wishing to avoid his
humiliating duties in connection
with the evacuation. American
forces under Gen. Schwan defeated
1,500 Spaniards in Puerto Rico.
Au. 16. President McKinley has de
cided to reduce the army immediate
ly and at least 40,000 men will be
mustered out. The gunboat Man
grove bombarded Caibarien August
15, the commander not having heard
of the signing of peace! After a
Spanish gunboat had been damaged
word was brought from the town
under a flag of truce that the war
Aug. 17. Gen. Merritt as military gov
ernor took formal possession of Ma
nila. Gen. Merritt and Admiral Dewey
were instructed that the Philippine
insurgents must recognize the au
thority of the United States, and
that there could be no joint occupa
tion of the city. The massacre of
more than 100 natives of Puerto
Rico by Spanish troops on August
15 confirmed. The only offense of
the people was in raising an Amer
ican flag at Cieles.
THE peace: proclamation.
Copy of the Document Issued by the
. President of the United States
on Angait 12.
Whereas, By a protocol concluded
and signed August 12, 1898, by William
R. Day, secretary of state of the
United States, and his excellencv Jules
Cambon. ambassador extraordinary
and plenipotentiary of the republic of
i ranee, at wasnington, respectively
representing for this purpose the gov
ernment of the United States and the
government of Spain, the United States
anc Spain nave xormaily agreed upon
the terms on which negotiations for
the establishment of peace between
the two countries shall be undertaken.
and
Whereas, It is in said protocol
agreed that upon its conclusion and
signature nostmties between the two
countries snail be suspended, and that
notice to that effect shall be given as
soon as possible by each government
to the commanders of Its military and
naval forces:
Now. therefore. I. William McEInlev.
president of the United States, do. In
accordance with the stipulations of
the protocol, declare and proclaim on
the part of the United States a sncnn.
sion of hostilities, and do hereby com
ma" -d that orders be immediatelv Hvrn
through the proper channels to the
commanders of the military and naval
forces of the United States to ahztnln
from all acts inconsistent with this
proclamation.
In witness whereof I have hereunto
set my hand and caused the el
the United States to be affixed.
Done at the city of Washin ir ton tM
12th day of August, in the year of nm.
Lord one thousand eight hundred mil
ninety-eight, and of the independence
oi me unuea states the one hundred
and twenty-tnird.
WTT.T.T A r irmuT n
By the President:
wiiaju k. cat. Secretary of State.
Hot to Be Thoesht Of.
Subbubs What an enoraoni nJ
tity of coal these warships consume,
His Wife But just imairine
much they'd consume if it wMin..
N. Y. Truth. V