The Hays free press. [volume], May 30, 1918, Image 7

About The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924

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THE HAYS FREE PRESS
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LITTLE TROUBLE WITH GEESE
Many Farms Adapted for Raising
Small Number of Fowls Pastur
age Is Quite Essential.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
In our efforts to increase the pro
duction of poultry, which is being
urged by the department of agricul
ture, we should not ignore turkeys,
ducks and geese. Many farms are
well adapted for geese-raising. They
J! i
wr &?4
.4 li;-Li -- 5aA-- - -
Flock of Tjulouse Geese.
may be raised in small numbers suc
cessfully and at a profit on farms
where there is low,' rough pasture land
with a natural supply of water. Geese
are generally quite free from disease
and insect pests, but occasionally are
affected by ailments common to poul
try. Grass makes up the bulk of their
food, and for this reason pasturage is
essential. A body of water, while not
absolutely essential, is valuable where
geese are raised, and some breeders
consider it important during the breed
ing season. Geese are good foragers,
and for this reason many farmers in
the South keep them to kill the weeds
in the cotton fields.
Geese need little protection In the
way of a house, except in winter and
during stormy weather. Some kind of
a shelter should be provided for the
young goslings, and the same precau
tions taken in raising chickens as to
keep the coops and houses clean, and
provided with plenty of straw scat
tered about the floor, should be taken.
Geese like other kinds of poultry,
should be selected for size, prolificacy
and vitality. They should be mated
several months prior to the breeding
season to obtain the best results. Good
matings are not changed from year to
year unless the results are unsatisfac
tory. A gander may be mated with
from one to four geese, but pair or
trio matings usually give the best re
sults. When mated, geese are allowed
to run in flocks. From four to twenty
five geese may be kept on an acre of
land, and under most conditions ten
is a fair average.
PREPARE GEESE FOR MARKET
Young Fowls Can Be Fed Advantage
ously While on Grass or Con
fined in Small Yards.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Before marketing the young geese
the average farmer can feed advan
tageously a fattening ration either
while the geese are on grass range or
confined to small yards, but it Is doubt
ful whether it would pay him to con
fine them to Individual or small pens
and make a specialty of fattening un
less he has a special market or retail
trade for well-fattened stock.
Geese are usually killed and picked
in the same manner as other kinds of
poultry. Some markets prefer dry
picked geese, while In other markets
no difference is made In the price of
scalded or dry-picked geese. When
feathers are to be saved, fowls should
not be scalded but should be picked
dry before or after steaming.
RAISING GEESE FOR PROFIT
Fowls Earn Their Own Living by For
aging in Pastures Alfalfa
Field Is Ideal.
That there is big money in raising
geese Is conceded by every one who
has had anything to do with the raising
of them. They earn their own living
by foraging In the pastures and mead
ows, and where great quantities of al
falfa are raised would be an ideal
place for them.
FIXTURES OF POULTRY HOUSE
Construction Should Be So That Every
thing Can Be Readily Removed
and Cleaned.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
As far as possible, the Interior fix
tures of a poultry house, such as roosts,
nests, dust boxes, drinking fountains,
feed troughs and grit boxes, should be
eo constructed as to permit them to
be readily removed and cleaned.
,
Mortality Among Poults.
The high mortality common In
young poults usually is due to some of
the following causes: Exposure to
dampness and cold; improper feeding
close confinement ; lice; predatory ani
mals; weakness in the parent stock.
Clean Litter for Grain.
Provide 4 or 5 inches of good, clean
litter on the floor of the poultry
house in which to scatter the grain
feed. The hens must exercise in or
der to get the grain, and this pro
motes health and egg production.
"Xr-..--- jr.- .. -. --i : v n vtv
Oras? ? 'fosse
7 JJ t tMm
Li
Nearto 1.000.000
Soldiers Who
Served in Federal
rmuWereUnder
16 Years of Aoe
i
r
Orion fifowe ss a JoAfer-
X X 1ll'fe&
HE FACT that the draft law under
which the United States Is now rais
ing its armies placed the minimum
age of men to be Included In the
draft at twenty-one years has called
attention to the extreme youth of the
men who made up the forces that
fought and won the Civil war.
It may truthfully be said that the
war was won by an army of school
boys. The younger generation probably Is not
aware of the fact that nearly a million of those
who carried muskets on behalf of the Federal cause
were less than sixteen years of age when they en
listed. Statistics show that there were exactly
844,891 boys under that age In the Federal army.
There were 1,151,438 under eighteen years of age,
and of the total enlistments of 2,778,309 there were
2,159,798 under twenty-one years of age.
Not only were the great majority of privates less
than twenty-one years of age, but the records show
that companies, regiments and brigades were com
manded literally by schoolboys. At the close of
the war, it is said. It was the exception to find a
brigade or division commander who was more than
thirty years old.
Brig. Gen. John L. Clem is generally credited
with being the youngest soldier on record. He was
born in Newark, O., August 13, 1851. He was not
quite ten years old when he entered the volunteer
service as a drummer at the beginning of the war.
Two years later, when he was still not quite twelve
years old, he was regularly enlisted and took his
place in the ranks. He was made a sergeant for
bravery displayed In the battle of Chickamauga
and served until the close of the war. He returned
to school when the war ended and graduated from
the Newark high school. In 1871 he was apppoint
ed a second lieutenant in the regular army and re
mained In the regular service until 1915, when he
was retired with the rank of brigadier general.
Among the heroes who were awarded the con
gresional medal of honor for valor shown upon the
field of battle .there were many who were mere
children. A veteran officer of the Federal army,
writing In the Philadelphia Public Ledger, recalled
some interesting history connected with some of
these youthful heroes. The writer gave the follow
ing account of some of these unusual cases :
"Itobinson B. Murphy was born May ll, 1849.
He enlisted as musician at the beginning of the
war and the official statement of the action for
which he gained his congress medal reads :
" 'At Atlanta, Ga., July 28, 1864. being orderly to
the brigade commander, he voluntarily led two
regiments as re-enforcements into line of battle,
where he had his horse shot from under him.
"He enlisted August 6, 1862, at the age of twelve
years, two months and twenty-four days. In the
One Hundred Twenty-seventh Illinois Volunteer
Infantry, and was made orderly to the colonel of
the regiment. In January, 1864, he was made or
derly to Gen. J. A. J. LIghtburn, and participated
In several hard-fought battles. In the army he was
known as 'Bob.' .When he performed the wonder
ful feat that gained him the medal he was only
fifteen years old. The circumstances under which
young Murphy led two regiments into battle were
as follows:
"The division In which General Lightburn com
manded was that day on the extreme right of the
army, which was being flanked by the enemy.
Young Murphy was sent to the right by his general
to find out the situation, and finding that the ene
my had flanked the right wing and was driving
them, he rode on his pony down the line and met
General Logan, who commanded that day, and
begged him with tears In his eyes for re-enforcements,
telling him they were cutting our right all
to pieces. The general replied: I have ordered
re-enforcements from the left, and here they come
now, and if you know where they are needed, Bob,
show them in. And that is how he came to lead
the two regiments that day. General Lightburn
wrote regarding Bob that he was 'not only brave
and faithful, but displayed remarkable judgment
for one of his age, as I soon found out. I could
depend on him under any circumstances that might
arise.'
"And here is another very little chap who gained
his medal, Orion P. Howe, born December 29, 1848.
He enlisted early In the war and was wounded at
Vicksburg and three times at Dallas, Ga. His rec
ord Is a brilliant one, and General Sherman tells
"the story in a letter of August 8, 1863:
'Headquarters Fifteenth Army Corps, Camp on
Black River, August 8, 1863.
" 'Hon. E. Stanton, Secretary of War.
44 'Sir : I take the liberty of asking, through you,
that something be done for a lad named Orion P.
Howe of Waukegan, HI., who belongs to the Fifty
fifth Illinois, but at present Is home wounded. I
think he Is too young for West Point, but would be
the very thing for a midshipman. When the as
sault at Vicksburg was at Its height, on the 19th of
May, and I was In front near the road, which
formed my, line of attack, this young lad came up
to me, wounded and bleeding, w ith a good, healthy
boy's cry : "General Sherman, send some cartridges
to Colonel Malmburg ; the men oe nearly all out."
"What's the matter, my boy?" "They shot me In
the leg, sir, but I can go to the hospital. Send the
art record
cartridges right away. Even where he stood the
shot fell thick, and I told him to go to the rear at
once. I would attend to the cartridges ; and off he
limped. Just before he disappeared on the hill, he
turned and called as loud as he could: "Caliber
.54." I have not seen the lad since, and his colonel
(Malmburg) on Inquiry gives me the address above,
and says he Is a bright. Intelligent boy, with a fair
preliminary education. What arrested my atten
tion then was and what renewed my memory of
the fact now is that one so young, carrying a
musket-ball through his leg, should have found his
way to me on that fatal spot, and delivered his
message, not forgetting the very Important part of
the caliber of his musket, .54, which you know is
an unusual one. I'll warrant that the boy has In
him the elements of a man, and I commend him to
the government as one worth the fostering care of
one of the national institutions. I am, with re
spect, " 'Your obedient servant,
" 'W. T. SHERMAN,
'Major General Commanding.
"When the poet, George H. Boker, learned of the '
episode of young Howe, he put the story In verse.
"John Cook, too, gained a medal of honor when a
mere child. He was born In Ohio, August 10, 1847,
and enlisted In Battery B, Fourth United States
artillery, at the breaking out of the war. He was
serving as bugler at Antletam, and certainly did
enough to merit his medal. The boy distinguished
himself at Antletam and In every fight In which
the command was engaged. At Antletam the bat
tery was knocked to pieces, losing about 50 per
cent of the men, killed or wounded. Captain Camp
bell fell, severely wounded, and young Cook as
sisted him to the rear, quickly returning to the
.firing line, where, seeing nearly all the men down
and not enough left to man the guns, the little fel
low unstrapped a pouch of ammunition from the
body of a dead gunner who was lying near one of
the caissons, ran forward with It and acted as gun
ner until the end of the fight.
."J. C. Julius Langbeln was a very small boy.
Indeed, when at the battle of Camden, North Caro
lina, April 15, 1S62, he won his congress medaL
The official record states that "when a drummer
boy, he voluntarily and under a heavy fire went
to the aid of a wounded officer, procured medical
aid for him and aided in carrying him to a place
of safety. After the battle he was granted a short
leave of absence to visit his parents, and what a
thrill of happiness the boy must have felt when
he handed his mother a commendatory letter from
his company commander.
"And here is another boy who wears the con
gress medal of honor, nobly won: George D. Sld
man, a schoolboy from Michigan, a mere child in
years, when he made his great record and won the
medal for 'distinguished bravery In battle at
Gaines Mills, June 27, 1862. This battle, the sec
ond of the 'Seven Days Battles before Richmond,
was one of the most disastrous battles of the Civil
war, wherein Fitz John Porter's Fifth army corps
was pitted against the three army corps of Gen
erals Longstreet, Hill and 'Stonewall' Jackson.
"Brig. Gen. Daniel Butterfield's brigade, com
posed of the Twelfth, Seventeenth and Forty-fourth
New York, the Eighty-third Pennsylvania and Six
teenth Michigan Volunteer infantry regiments, that
day occupied the left line of battle In the form
of a curve, with the Sixteenth and Eighty-third on
the extreme left and resting oh the border of
Chickahomlny swamp. Here the brigade was called
upon to resist several desperate charges of the
enemy during the day, which, in every instance, re
sulted in defeat of the attacking forces.
"It was In this forlorn hope rally that SIdman,
then a youth of seventeen, serving in the ranks of
Company C, Sixteenth Michigan, as a private, but
borne on the rolls of his company as a drummer
boy, distinguished himself by waving his gun and
calling upon bis comrades to rally on the colors a3
he had done, thus setting an example that wa3
speedily followed by a number of others, and win
ning the approbation of Major Welch of his regi
ment, who was a witness of the heroic act. He
was in the front rank of the charge back upon the
enemy, and in the almost hand-to-hand conflict
that followed fell severely wounded through the
left hip by a m'.nnie ball.
"On the morning of December 13, 1862, while the
Fifth corps was drawn up in line of battle on Staf
ford heights waiting for orders to cross the Rappa
hanock river and enter Fredericksburg, Colonel
Stockton, commanding the Third brigade. First
division, called upon the Sixteenth Michigan for a
volunteer to carry the new brigade flag that had
Just reached the command. SIdman, but now par
tially recovered from his wound, sprang from the
ranks and begged for this duty. His patriotism and
fidelity to duty, well known to Major Welch, now
commanding the regiment, won for him the covet
ed prize, much to the chagrin of several other com
rades who valiantly offered their services. Lead
ing his brigade on its famous charge up Marye's
heights, in that terrible slaughter under Burnside,
he was again wounded, but not so severely as to
prevent him from planting the colors within 150
yards of the enemy's line, where they remained
for 30 hours. Three days later he proudly bore his
flag back across the Rappahanock, marked by a
broken shaft and several holes, caused by the ene
my's missiles during the charge.
"It was in this battle, Sunday, December 14,
1862, while the brigade lay all day hugging the
ground behind the slight elevation a few yards
in front of the enemy, momentarily expecting an
attack, that Sidman, with a comrade of his own
company, displayed humanity as well as remark
able valor by running the gauntlet through a rail
road cut for canteens of water for the sick and
wounded comrades who could not be removed from
the lines; this at a time, too, when the enemy's
sharpshooters were so stationed as to command
the ground a considerable distance in the rear of
the brigade lines. It was this distinguished service
of humanity at Fredericksburg, in the face of-a
vigilant enemy and with almost certain death star
ing him In the face, that prompted his officers in
recommending him for the medal of honor. The
war department, with a full record knowledge of
his service from Gaines Mills to Fredericksburg,
and for reasons best known to Itself, decided that
the medal was earned at the first-named battle,
with continuing merit to the end of his military
service.
"Perhaps the most dangerous duty that a soldier
can be engaged in is that of scout- In a book pub
lished after the war, and called 'Hampton and His
Cavalry. the following definition of a scout is
given: The scouts of the army did not constitute
a distinct organization, but suitable men volunteer
ing for this duty were detailed from the different
commands. The position required not only cool
ness, courage, zeal and Intelligence, but special fac
ulties born in some few men.'
"The line of demarcation between a scout and a
spy was at times very ill-defined, for, as the scouts
were usually dressed in enemy's uniforms which
they had captured, they were by strict military law
subject to the penalty of spies If taken within the
enemy's lines, and they were not without pleasant
experiences of that sort.
"Undoubtedly one of the most distinguished of
this class was Archibald Hamilton Rowand, Jr
who received the medal because of the indorsement
of General Sheridan, who knew and appreciated
his great services to the cause.
"Rowand was born March 6, 1845, In Philadel
phia, Pa and enlisted June 17, 1862, in Company
K, First West Virginia cavalry, and served until
August 17, 1865. His services were not only re
markable, but most valuable to the cause. He was
one of the most daring and most trusted of Sheri
dan's scouts.
"Once, while scouting for Averill, he was cap
tured, but told such a plausible story to the Con
federate officers about being a Confederate 'scout
with verbal orders from one distant general to an
other that he was allowed to depart. The first time
he was detailed on scout duty his two companions
were shot and killed. On his next trip his com
rade and his own horse were killed when they were
18 miles inside of the Confederate lines, but Row
and managed to dodge the enemy's bullets and get
back alive, vowing at every jump never to go on
scout duty again. He soon recovered from his
fright, however, and started out on another trip.
While with Sheridan he was asked to locate the
notorious partisan leader, Maj. Harry Gllmore, and,
if possible, effect his capture.
"After several days hard work he found Gllmore
stopping In a large country mansion near Moor
field, W. Va. This he reported to Sheridan, who
sent' with him about fifteen scouts under Colonel
Young. They dressed In Confederate uniforms
and. followed by 300 Federal cavalry at a distance
of several miles, to be oZ assistance In case the
true character of the scouts was discovered, they
arrived near Gilmore's command about daybreak,
and Rowand went forward alone and, single-handed,
captured the vidette without a shot being fired.
The scouts then 'entered the family mansion md
took Gllmore out of bed and back to Shfcri-an's
headquarters."
REMEMBERS ONE TIGHT FIX
Veteran Admits He Was Glad When
Particularly Hot Brush With
Confederates Was Ended.
"I didn't see much real fighting,
modestly said a veteran whose breast
was covered with badges and whose
comrades say he has some good stories
to telL "I did get Into one fix, though,
that I was glad to get out of. It was
the morning of the battle of Cedar
creek. I was acting as aid to my
colonel and- he mounted early In the
morning and rode out in the fog to get
a look at the Confederate lines. Of
course I went with htm. We some
how lost our way in the fog and the
first thing we knew we were up against
a bunch of Johnny Rebs. Halt, they
ordered just as we caught sight of
them, and the colonel turned his horse.
'Halt, or well shoot, they said.
"Shoot and be d d, said, the
colonel and he put spurs to his horse.
"They did shoot and I was mighty
glad when we got out of rane. X
don't know whether 'twas that or what
he did lAter In the day, but the colonel
got promoted to brigadier. He wanted
to do something for me, but I wasn't
commissioned and he couldn't give me
a place on his staff, 'but he kept me
as a sort of personal aid till my time
was up, and by that time I was ready
to quit.
"Oh, I got hit once or twice; If I
hadn't perhaps I'd have been more
willing to stay, but home looked pretty
good to me, and the war was "most
OTgr anyway."
He Was Nearly There.
' During McClellan's march up th
Peninsula, a tall Vermonter got sepa
rated from his regiment and was
tramping through the mud trying to
overtake It. He came to a crossing
and was puzzled which read to take,
but a native came along and the sol
dier Inquired: "Where doe this road
lead to?" "To helL answered the
surly Southron. "WaaL" drawled the
Green Mountain boy, "judging by the
lay o the land and the looks o the
people, I cailate I'm' most there.
LITTLE PRAIRIE DOGS.
"There are so many animals who
sleep in the winter and do not wake
up until the
spring" com
menced . Daddy,
"and I have told
you about ever
and ever so many
of the ones who
don't think a
night I s .nearly
enough at a time
for a sleep. They
think to doze and
dream all the win
ter long and to
forget the cold
weather Is the
Mr. Woodchuck Is thIng to do.
Very Sorrowful. But hen Fprin
comes they want
to be around again.
"""Many of the little "creatures who
would sleep if they were free for the
winter time do not take such long
naps if they are In the zoo. It is most
ly because the weather in the cages is
different from the' weather outdoors.
There the snow and rain and sleet and
hall can't touch them. And they are
fed regular meals.
"Among the animals who have been
asleep all winter have been the frogs,
toads, turtles, snakes, bears, wood
chucks, and a good many others, but
the ones who thought they had the
best sleep of all were the little prai
rie dogs.
"They always go to sleep even If
they're In the zoo,- and they dig their
holes In the ground where they bur
row down when the weather gets
chilly.
"It's funny about our cousin. Mr.
Woodchuck, said Peter Prairie Dog.
"'What Is funny? asked Pat, his
younger brother.
"We are so alike In many ways,
and In others quite different.'
" Pray explain, said Pat. Tm young
er and I don't know nearly so much.
In fact, Fra very, very young, so young
that I can't learn the lesson of remem
bering my age.
"That's not a lesson. said Peter,
"but no matter. Remembering your age
Is a habit.
"What's a habit? asked Pat, who
was very fond of asking questions.
"'A habit Is something we do reg
ularly because we have become ac
customed to doing It, answered Pe
ter, waving his taiL
But, Pat, my dear brother. If yon
keep asking so many little odd ques
tions, I'll never be able to tell you
the difference between Mr. Wood
chuck and myself.
"Pat was about to ask what little
odd questions were, but stopped just
in time, and Instead of speaking, gave
a funny little bark.
"1 won't Interrupt any more, said
Pat. ,
"Mr. Woodchuck and his family,
said Peter, 'are our cousins. And what
Mr. Woodchuck does, the whole family
tjo, but as we're only cousins, we have
different ways. StllL everything Grand
father Prairie Dog does, we do, too.
All families have the same ways for
the most part.
"Peter Prairie dog barked and wag
ged his tall, turned around twice and
then began again:
"Mr. Woodchuck Is like us In the
way he sleeps. He will not budge all
the winter long, nor show any sign of
life when he is sleeping.' The farm
er always knows that spring has come
when the woodchuck appears. He
goes into one of his holes and shuts
off the other two which he has In the
summer time, for he has quite a fine
house, has Mr. Woodchuck. But If he
should be disturbed by anyone in the
cold weather he will stay rolled up in
a ball and will not open his eyes. Now
and again he will grunt, that's all.
" "Now we sleep In much the same
way. But we are different.
"Pat listened attentively. He knew
all the rest that Peter had been tell
ing him. but he
didn't know what
was coming.
" 'Mr. Wood
chuck is very sor
rowful, which
means the same
as sad. He gets
the blues' and
becomes grumpy
and unhappy and
we are always
pleasant.
"Often when wh,, i. r-.. .
"isw ruririjA
Asked Pat.
they think we are
barking we are
really laughing, for Tre laugh with otzr
tails. It's fine to be able to laugh for
wards and backwards.
"Fine, echoed Pat.
" We like a great deal of the same
food as Mr. Woodchuck does vege
tables and roots. But oh, carots are
the favorite dish of the prairie dogs.
And Pat barked In agreement.
" We never make pets, though -we're
so pleasant and cheerful. It's Just
that we're not very fond of being too
tame, and Mr. Woodchuck 13 like us in
that respect, to.
"But to think of ever being tin
happy In this beautiful, spring and
summer world, said Peter, for as long
as we sleep In the winter we have no
worry at alL And they barked hap
pily as they ran to Join their brothers
and cousins.
Solar and Sidereal Years.
Our word solar is derived from the
Latin word soL meaning the sun, and
the term solar year means the period
occupied by the earth in making its
revolution around . the sun. Ordina
rily we call that 3C5 days, but to be
astronomically exact, it is 363 days, 5
hours, 43 minutes, and 45 seconds.
The word sidereal is derived from the
Latin sidus, a star, and a sidereal year
means the period of the earth's revolu
tion around the sun as measured by
the stars. The sidereal year Is a few
minutes longer than the solar year.
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Dr. ierce's Pleasant Pellets are the
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A friend overheard this on the street
car:
"Maude doesn't look quite happy.
"She Isn't-"
"Why, she ought to be. She's got a
beautiful new engagement ricg and
"Yes, but she hasn't found out how
much it cost yet.
Cutlcura Heals Eczema
And rashes that Itch and burn. It
there is a tendency to pimples, etc,
prevent their return by making Cutl
cura your daily toilet preparation. For
free samples address, "Cutlcura, Dept
X, Boston. At druggists and by mail.
Soap 25, Ointment 25 and 50. Adv.
Business Mind.
A prominent Indianapolis banker,
thinking to practice a little conserva
tion, took five Liberty loan colored pos
ters home to his four-year-old son to
use as playthings, telling him they were
Liberty bonds. The boy, evidently in
heriting some of his father's own busi
ness ability, started out in the neigh
borhood to sell the "bonds for a
nickel each. He succeeded promptly
In selling all five, and brought the quar
ter to his father to buy a Thrift stamp.
Indianapolis News.
The Secret.
Mullins observes that, while married
men contend that their wives cannot
keep a secret, these men themselves
are "just as bad.
He tells of a married man who bufc
tonholed him at the club and told him
a lot of gossip. "Don't let this go any
further, Henry, he said earnestly.
"Certainly not," said Mullins, "but
how did you chance to hear it?"
"Oh. the wife, of course, responded
the other. 'She's just like all women
an't keep a secret to save her life V
Wouldn't Need To.
Pat walked Into the post office After
getting into the telephone box he
called a wrong number. As there was
no such number the switch attendant
did not answer him. Pat shouted again,
but received no answer.
The lady of the post office opened
the door and told him to shout a little
louder, which he did, but still no an
swer. Again she said she would require
him to speak louder.
Pat got angry at this, and, turning
to the lady, said :
"Begorra, If I cold shout any loud
er I wouldn't use your bloomln ould
telephone at all! Tit-Bits.
Jr i
ECONOMY
TALIC
is all rifctt
ECONOMY
- PRACTICE
is better. d
POSTUFf
is an economy
drink fibs olutcly
no waste. Beside
it is corrve ni ent,
serves fuel and
sugar, and leaves
notnirrg to be
desired, in the
way or flavor .
TKYA CUP!