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THE SMOKY HILL AND REPUBLICAN UNION. "WE JOIN OURSELVES TO NO PARTY THAT DOES NOT CARRY THE FLAG, AND KEEP STEP TO THE MUSIC OF THE UNION." Volume II. JUNCTION CITY, KANSAS, SATURDAY, AJPHZL, 25, 1863. Number 25. PL'BUBHED EVERT 8ATURDAT HOKStSd AT JUNCTION, DAVIS Co., KANSAS. "W. K. BARTLETT. - - S. M. STRICKLER. Proprietors. H. S. BLAKELY, - - - GEO. W. MARTIN, Editors and Publisher. OFFICE IN BRICK BUILDING. CORNER OF SEVENTH fc WASHINGTON St's. TEEMS OF SUBSCRIPTION-: One copy, one year. Ten copies, one year. $2.00 15.00 Payment required in all cases in advance. All papers discontinued at the expiration of the time for which payment is received. TEEMS OF ADVEETISINQ : One square, first insertion, - - $1.00 Each subsequent insertion, 50 Ten lines or less being a square. Yearly advertisements inserted on liberal terms. done with 'dispatch, and in the latest style of the art. O" Payment required for all Job "Work on delivery. THE INDIANS IN NEW MEXICO. Below we reproduce that portion of the r?port of Commissioner Dole which refers j the Indians in New Mexico. SUPERINTENDENCY OF NEW MEXICO. Most of the time during the past year all that portion of this euperintendency known as Arizonia has been in the occupa tion of the rebels, and, consequently, to that extent our communication with the Indians thereof has been interrupted. Tho Indians occupying this portion of the supcrintendency aro the Apaches, Pimos, Papagos, and the Maricopas. The three last named are know under the gen oral term Pueblo?, and, in the estimation of Superintendent Collins, are much more than semi-civilized. Their loyalty is un questionable. They stand as a barrier be tween the frontier settlements and the wild tribes, and in this respect are of signal service to the whites. So great is the con fidence) reposed in them that the military authorities of tho Territory have presented them with one hundred muskets and ten J thousand rounds of amunition, and would willingly have increased the amount had the arms and amunition been at their dis posal. To appreciate justly their loyalty, it should bo borne in mind that for more than a year they were subjected to the influences of the rebels, and entirely cut off from communication with us. They are en now successful agriculturists, and were n.ble to sell to Gen. Carleton's command, vAon on its way from California, more than one million pounds of wheat, being the surplus of their last year's crop. I enter tertain not the slightest doubt that, by judicious action on our part, these Indians will in a few years attain that degree of success in the arts of civilization which will relievo the Government from the necessity of any fuither special care in relation to their welfare. The Apaches are wild, hostile, and bar barous. They number about eight thous and, and, considering tho exposed condition of tho country, are a truly formidable foe While it is not known that the authorities of tho rebellious States have succeeded in forming treaty relations with them, it is quite evident they have done nothing to restrain the outrages of these savages, it evidently being their policy to encourage rapine and muidcr on the part of the In dians, rather than provoke their hostility towards themselves. The immunity from chastisement they have thus enjoyed has rendered them inso lent and deGant. They havo indulged in all manner of outrage, not hesitating even at tho murder of defenceless women and children. There should not be a moment of unnecessary delay in strengthening the military forco of New Mexico, so that not only these, but all other hostile tribes therein may bo chastised and reduced to subjection. Equally powerful and hostile, and even more dreaded than the Apaches, are the Navajoes. During the past four years they have been a continual scourge to the people of New Mexico, and have committed innu merable depradations upon their settle ments. There is absolutely no security, except armed force, in any part of the large region of country through.which they roam -and the last has proved even more dis astrous than former years. Aside from the Apaches and Navajoes, it is believed that but little trouble would be experienced in preserving peace and quiet with the many tribes and bands of this superintendency. With the Apaches and Navajoes, the task will be more difficult The Government has so long delayed the adoption of some efficient policy, that they have become inso lent and defiant, construing our forbearance as an evidence-.-of weakness. There is no evidence that "These powerful tribes are in league with the Sioux of the North, but it is known that they are well informed as to all their movements, and from the well known character of Indians having a com mon enemy, it is easy to perceive that a delay in adopting some efficient policy, wuereuy me nosiue Indians oi iuu super- and expense of securing peace and safety for our frontier settlements. The idea of exterminating all these In dians is at once so revolting and barbarous mat it cannot for a moment be entertained. They must then, by some means be provid ed for. New settlements of whites are springing up throughout the country, and the game upon which the Indians once relied is rapidly disappearing. It is impos sible that they should ..at once forget the training of ages, and adopt the white man's arts, so ai to gain even a scant and preca rious living thereby ; and, were it other wise, they have no settled home and habi tation where those arts could be exercised. As the whites advance the only means by which the wild Indians can sustain life diminish. It is doubtful, even now, if gaaie is not so scarce in New Mexico that, should the wild Indians wholly abstain from plunder a single season, the result would be starvation. That such would be the result a few years hence cannot be doubted. If, then, the Indians are not to be exter minated by violent means, or by the still more revolting method of starvation, nor yet. by a combination of both, we must make some other provision for them. That they caunot be permitted to roam unmo lested through the country, and could not live if they were, is perfectly evident. It therefore follows that they must be con centrated, and must have an established home. Even these will not enable them to live ; they must be taught the means of obtaining a living, and meanwhile must receive assistance. Whether this is accom plished by means of direct appropriations of money by Congress, or bv means of treaties, based upon the recognition of their absolute right to occupy the land upon which nature has placed them, the cost will be precisely the same. This being the case, aod there being so many weighty and evi dent reasons why the latter method should he preferred, it seems preposterous that, with perfect freedom of choice, we should hesitate, simply because Mexico, from whom we acquirod the territory, did not recognize any right of the Indians in the soil ; and it is the more strange because it is a rever sal of all our own precedents. I treated upon this subject at considerable length in my first annual report; I again allude to it because each year of delay is disastrous to the whites as well as to the Indians, and because there is no feature of our Indian relations that more imperatively demands the immediate consideration and action of Congress. Very many of the citizens of New Mexi co have claims for indemnity for losses occasioned by depradations committed upon them by Indians. For want of appropriate action on the part of Congress, I am unable to adjust these claims, and it is a source of bitter complaint on the part of the sufferer and of serious embarrassment to our officers within that Territory. I trust tho ap proaching Congress will not fail to adopt such measures as will enable the legitimate claimants to obtain their just dues. intendency shall be reduced to subjection, -Vd a permanent peace be established, may result in formidable and dangerout- oombi nations that will vastly increase the star SJtode of the present evils; asd the difficulty THE " SUNNY SOUTH." Mr. F. B. Wilkie, one of tho most tal ented and graphic of the race of army correspondents, thus pictures the beauties of the "Sunny South" from a Vicksburg stand-point : " Tho poet, or whoever it was, that first gave utterance to all that romantic nonsense about the ( beautiful,' 'sunny South,' ought, while in life to have been bastinadoed, and in death anathematized for his men dacity. Its beauty consists in swamps, lagoons and bayous, which give birth to nothing more useful or ornamental than beavers, crocodiles and moccasins. It fur nishes the summer residence for cholera, the deathly dwelling of typhoid and yellow fevers ; in summer it is a furnace in which no white man can dwell, and in winter it is one vast dreary waste of mud. " It has produced and nurtured a ( chiv alry' more pretentious than the knight errantry of Don Quixote; for every bless ing in the shape of a pound of cotton that it has conferred upon the operatives of England, it has inflicted a pang in the shape of a lash upon the descendaats of Dahomey. If it has grown rice and sugar, it has also fostered slavery, and while the rest of the world has advanced in civilization, it has only succeeded in cultivating an aristocracy, founded, not upon great services rendered to country or humanity, but upon the pos session of a certain number of Africans. " Such is about all that I have ever seen in this country to entitle it to the name of sunny,' ' beautiful South ' the very laz ar house of creation, into which are enclos ed all the ills, diseases and contagions of civil and natural existence." J9" Prof. S., of College, not a thousand miles from Bath, is not much given to joking. Occasionally, however, this vein in his disposition is excited, and then his hits are of the hardest kind and double edged. One morning, not long ago, be found a horse in the recitation room. The class had collected, and with very little solemn countenances awaited the entrance of the Professor. He came in, looked around deliberately, first upon the horse, and then upon the class, and remarked, at the same time twitching his coat collar, " Ahem ! You've got a new elattmate, I tee. 1 m glad it's a hone, there were jack astes enough ken before." Horsesy'we believe, have not sinoe been introduced, A REVOLUTIONARY REMINISCENCE. Io times of public calamity, when the disposition to murmur prevails, and discon tent is rampant, it is well to consider toe patient endurance of suffering and the he roic patriotism of the authors of oui free government. There is scarcely an instance in history more thrilling in point of suffer ing, or more gloomy in its aspect, than the following narrative of sufferings experienced by the brave soldiers who fought under Washington. Let us value the inheritance of liberty, which by privations thev have purchased, and transmitted to us. Instead of repining let us devoutly acknowledge Him who has continued to help us as a nation. From some sketches of Valley Forge we take the following account of the army in its winter quarters : , "Having decided on his winter quarters being here, Washington arrived with the army at Valley Forge on the 19 th of De cember, 1777. The voice of prayer and praise was heard throughout the camp the next day, in accordance with the appoint ment of Congress for a day of thanksgiving and praise. It was a glorious triumph of patriotism over suffering and want, of prin ciple over negleot, of virtue over starvation, to exhibit such a spectacle on the border of a winter forest, whose snows were stained vviih their blood-tracked march. "Next day they began to- build their huts, the marks of which are still visible in one or two places. Those visible are by the side of the road towards the river, half way from Valley Forge to Port Kennedy. Each regiment was divided into parties of twelve, and each party was to build a log hut 14 feet by 1G, and 5 high, the sides made tight with clay, and the roof to be formed of split slabs or anything that would serve as a substitute. General Washington offered a dollar to each man of tho party who completed the first and best hut, and one hundred dollars to the man who would substitute a better and more available roof ing than slabs. " Out of 11,000 men who arrived here, 3000 were unflt for duty. Groups of 50 and 100 were to be seen here and there in their nakedness, huddling around fires to keep from freezing. Others were sick from exposure, and sadly presaging their fate. 44 Rapidly trees were felled. To bring the logs to their places men harnessed themselves to them like beasts of burden. Hut after hut rose till there were over a thousand, all in sight of Washington's tent. These huts were ranged in parallel rows, with space between them like the streets of a town. Those of the same State were together. The huts of the officers were in the rear of the soldiers, one to each of the superior officers. The intrenchments were outside of the whole. Iu these huts was placed a bed of straw on the ground, and tho ' Sons of Liberty' as Col, Barro called them in the English Parliament, crept in to suffer, and to starve and die. The farmers around were many of them Tories, whom large offers to pay, and threats, were alike powerless to move. Washington, acting under a resolution from Congress, ordered them to thresh out one-half of their grain for seventy miles around, by the 1st of February, aod the other half by the 1st of March, under penalty of it being seized as straw. But they refused: and while some fought with desperation, others burned their grain. About this time the whole army passed a week without a pound of meat in camp. They bad but one commissary to purchase provisions in the camp, and he reported ' net a hoof to slaughter, and not more than twenty-five barrels of flour.' In communicating this fact to Congress, Washington said, ' From my soul I pity those miseries, which it is neither in my power to relieve or provent.' 44 Mrs. Washington joined her hnsband in February, and not only shared his priva tions, but did all in her power to mitigate the suffering of the soldiers." THE MILITARY SYSTEM AND STARVATION. THE SOUTH TO BE STARTED OCT. The Jackson (Miss.) Appeal sensibly remarks :, To starve out the South has been a favorite idea with the Yankees since the inauguration of the war, but it could hardly ever have been supposed that we should be guilty of the suicidal policy of as sisting them in this method of subjuga tion. That Mississippi is doing this under the operations of her present military sys tem, we think there can be no doubt. It is drawing hundreds, not to say thousands, of the tillers of the soil from their legiti mate field of labor, whereby the farming produce of the State will be cut alarmingly abort. This is a matter that should calmly be considered by those in authority. We shall allude to tho subject moro in detail in a future at tide. Yet, after all, we cannot but confess that we would almost regret a peace to-day on our own terms, had we an army strong enough for invasion for retaliation. Tho 44 Old Adam " is strong within us, and we dare say there are but few in the South who do not heartily desire revenge re venge by retaliating on 44 free soil " for the hellish acts of vandalism perpetrated by the Northern soldiery in the South. O, for only a month's success of an army of our Southern boys, say in the " loyal " State of Ohio! Tho cry of 44 Peace ! peace I would then be cried in earnest shrieked out from hearts wrung with horror and dismay, amid ruined homesteads, rav aged fields and burning cities. O for a month of retaliation ! Then both sides would appreciate the horrors of a civil war (which the North does not), and we would then be ready and willing for peace which thereby would be all the more lasting. THE WAR COMMITTEE'S REPORT. SUFFERING IN THE REBEL AHMT. We have reliable information from our forces on Big Black River, from whence we learn that the soldiers are actually suffering for want of provisions. It is said they are now subsisting on rations of corn meal and molasses alone, and that the patience of the men, under the circumstances, is well nigh exhausted. Is it any wonder? What in the name of heaven can the " army of Commissarians" be doing ? At whose door falls the blame of starving these gallant soldiers? Is it the fault of anybody in particular, or is the cause to be attributed to a general " looseness " in the mode and manner in which business is conducted by the officials whose duty it is to keep the camps provisioned ? AN ARTICLE OX PEACE REVENGE DEMANDED. As much as our people may yearn for halcyon days of peace tired as we of the South may be of incessant war and turmoil yet our longings for a return of the legitimate avocations of life to hear tho busy hum of peaceful industry from one extreme of the country to the other, is not as great by far as the same fueling exists with the people of the North if we may judge from their newspapers, their orators, and their resolves at public assemblages of the people. 44 Peace on any teims " is beginning to be the popular cry at the North. 44 Peace when our independence is recognized " is the defiant slogan of the South. -.---- RADICAL. Dying Speech of Yellow Wolf. The message' of the dying chief to his nation equals in pathos and eloquence the speech of the celebrated chief, ijpgan, ren dered historic by the pen of Thomas Jeffer son. ,4Teli my people," said the dying hero of the wilderness, " that I entreat them with my last breath to live in peace with the pale faces. Tell thsm that I have seen their 4 Great Father,' and that he has promised to take care of the red man. The Great Spirit has ordained that L shall fall asleep beneath the shadow of the Great Father; that I go to the eternal hunting grounds in the full faith that my nation will preserve peace with the sons of the Great Father. I have ever been a friend of the pale faee, and the inheritance I would leave to my nation is that they eon- duct themselves so as to merittbe smile of the Great Spirit, which watches alike over the red man and the pale face.1'. I m T - & Congress, when full, consists of less than three hundred members, and yet its expenses for the last fiscal year amount ed to $2,079,512, the printing included, and that amounted to $638,308. The whole number of persons entitled to seats in the British Parliament is 1,029, and yet the expenses of Parliament for the year just dosed amounts only to $791,845, the printing Included, which reached the sum of $373,420. .And yet, while the House of Representatives receives a salary of only $6,000, the Speakerof tho House of Uom wons receives $25,000. Persons and presses may learn a lesson in radicalism, from the Nashville Union, in a late number of which we find the follow ing rather expressive paragraph. Assum ing it, being on the ground, is better able to judge of the expediency and effectiveness of such measures as are below proposed, we lay the paragraph before our readers : 44 We go tor using every instrument and agent which we may find effective in ex terminating treason and traitors. If we had the power we would marshal 1 all the eagles, vultures, and vampyrcs of the air, all the serpents and wild beasts of the earth, all the sharks, sea-snakes, and levia thans of the briny deep, all the lava im prisoned in the breasts of volcanoes, all the pestilence of Pandora's box, all the angels in heaven and all the devils in hell to put down forever the infernal crusade against humanity, led by Jeff Davis and his myr midons. The country has had quite enough of the satin-slippered and kid gloved loyalty which revolts at the thought of subjugating white rebels by any other troops except those composed of members of the first families. The people are kicking fastidious objections and delicate scruples to the wind and wherever they see a rebel head tbey intend to hit it, with the first club or brick bat that is at hand." m - - )0 The San Antonia (Texas) Ilerald confesses the persecutions of Unionists in that State, and justifies them. It says: 14 In the mountains near Fort Clark, and along the Rio Grande, their bones are bleaching in the sun; asd in the counties of Wise and Denton, their bodies are suspend ed from scores of black jacks. Tbey were warned in tine to leave the country, aod choosing to remain, and rely for protection upon the enemy with whom their govern ment is at war, tbey must expect to take the consequences of their choice. No gov ernment, in time of war; will tolerate trea son ; asd nd man who is a traitor at heart should expect favors from the people of a government witfc which he haanio sympa thyand in the overthrow of whiek" he wooia rejoice.- ; Interesting Synopsis of Operations in Virginia The full report of the Committee on the Conduct of the War, occupies sixty-four closely printed pages. The principal part of the testimony relates to the Army of the Potomac. The report shows tbatia De cember, 1S61, exclusive of the command of General Dix, at Baltimore, the Potomac array numbered 185,000 well armed, dis ciplined and equipped. The strength of the enemy was tariously estimated at from 70,000 to 210,000 at that time, and their woiks were exceedingly formidable; but subsequent events proved their force less than 70,000, and the strength of their for tifications greatly overestimated. At the same time it was considered un- advisable to attack the enemv in front. Also, it would be necessary to leave from 50,000 to 80,000 in front of Washington for its defense, thereby allowing 150,000 for service elsewhere. The Committee aver that adequate pro vision was never made to properly man the fortifications in front of Washington. In relation to the blockade of tho Potomac the Committee state it was prepared to take possession of Mathias Point in June, 1861, and again in August, but nothing was done. In October another plan was adopted to take it, the Potomac flotilla to act conjointly with a detachment of troops; but the troops were not sent as agreed, and the plan was not tried. Soon after the Potomac flotilla left on the Port Royal expedition, when the river was almost immediately closed by rebel batteries, until the rebels voluntarily left. On the 19th of January, 1852, the Presi dent, as commander-in-chief, issued orders for a general movement of all the army of the United States, one of the results of which was the capture of Forts Donclson and Henry. On the 31st of January, the President ordered all the disposable forces of the army of the Potomac, after providing for the safety of Washington, to seize a point on the railroad southwest of .Manassas, and the expedition to move before the 22d of Feb ruary. Ibis plan was objected to as divid ing our army by too great a distance to enable the two portions to support each other. The commanding General recommended instead, a movement by the way of the Rappahannock or Fortress Monroe. To this proposition the President propounded certain questions as tot its practicabilities and advantages, and finally a movement by way of Annapolis and the Rappahannock was agreed upon, but the rebels evacuated their position at Manasaas, retiring to the Rappahannock, thus rendering tho plan futile. On the 13th of March a council of Gen erals decided on a campaign by the way of York and James rivers, which the Presi dent sanctioned, directing that enough force be left to hold Manassas and leave Wash ington secure. Gen. McDowell was assigu ed the advance, but transportation uot being adequate, his division was detained until the last and consequently retained for the defense of Washington. Previous to leaving, the commanding General addressed a communication to the Adjutant General, showing he left 54,456 men at different points at Warrcnton, Manassas, on the Shenandoah, and on the lower Potomac, with 1,000 men fur gar risons and in front of Washington. The next day Gen. Wadsworth stated that his force for the defence of Washing ton was inadequate, and tho subject was referred to Gen. Hitchcock, who reported the same eveniug, which concluded with the opinion that the requirements of the Presi dent, that enough force be left to secure the safety of Washington, had not been fully complied with. The President next day ordered McDow ell's corps to remain. This briugs the Committee's report to the Peninsula campaign. After landing near Fort Monroe, the army moved towards Yorktown on the 4tb of April, appearing before the rebel works on the 5th. The Committee say the testimony proves the rebels bad from 7000 to 12,000 men at Yorktown then, and is now evident that our forces could then have pierced the rebel lines, cutting off reinforcements; but a seige was determined on, contrary to the wishes of the President. The Committee rehearse facts relative to the evacuation of Ycrktown and the battle of Williamsburg, aud say one of the Gen erals testified that, after the latter battle, that if the enemy had been followed our forces could have reached Richmond almost without firing a gun, but the General com manding states the bad roads made pursuit impossible. It was decided to send McDowell via Fredericksburg,to reinforce the army of the Potomac, but the operations of Jackson iu the Shenandoah valley prevented bis being sent. The Committee give details of the battles of Seven Pines aod Fair Oaks, in which it is stated that Hooker made a reconnoisance to within four miles of Richmond. Certain officers testify that the army could then have marched right into Richmond. Toe Committee then continues relative to the seven days' battles, giving a number of telegrams,, which passed between General McClellan and the President, the former 1 ! telegraphing on the 22d of June tbat.tkc j ber of battles a eojajer goes through is fire. Governmtnt had not sustained his army. On tho night of the 27th of July, Gen erals Halleck and Burnside visited Harri son s .Landing, soon after which it was decided to withdraw the army from there, which was done, to reinforce Pope. The Committee devote some six pages to tele grams and extracts of evidence relative to Pope's defeat, and then goes on to the campaign in Maryland, which is also com posed of extracts of letters of McClellau and Halleck, and telegrams in relation to Antietam. McClellan testifies that the morning after the battle he found our loss had been great, the commands much disorganized, and did not renew the attack that day, but arranged to attack the day after, when the enemy abandoned his position. He says: "I think that, taking into consideration what tho troops had gone through, we got as much out of them in the Antietam cam paign as human endurauce could bear." Several letters and dispatches are given that passed between the President, and McClellan and Halleck, the former urging -McUlellan to moio on the enemy from bis position near Harper's Ferry. McClellan shows conclusively from his dispatches that his cavalry was in poor condition in Octo ber, but moved on the 26th, and continued until the, 5th of November, when he re ceived an order from Halleck deposing him. from his command. The campaign of Burnside is then re hearsed. The testimony makes it appear that at Fredericksburg the attack by Frank lin was mado by Meade's division which pierced the lines of the enemy, but wero driven back. Several witnesses testified that had the attack been renewed by the whole of Franklin's command it would have been successful. It appears that Generals Newton and Cochrane, in an interview wjth the Presi dent, intimated that tho army lacked confi dence in Burnside, which caused the Presi dent to send a dispatch to Burnside tho effect of which was to stop an expedition . against the enemy then started. Subsequently Burnside visited Washing ton, and returned, shortly after which ho planned a second attack on Fredericksburg, wLich was thwarted by a storm, and in consequence of certain officers expressing dissatisfaction in the presence of inferior officers, Burnside had orders written dismissing some officers, relieving others from duty, and sentencing deserters to be shot. The President refused to sanction the orders, and Burnside offered his resignation, which was not accepted, and he was relieved by the President from the command. The report recapitulates what has been done, reviews financial and other affairs of the rebels. The Committee say the reaction which followed the recent slight manifesta tion of a willingness on the part of a few secession sympathizers to offer terms of compromise must convince them they havo no allies on whovn they can rely, and that the present condition of Europe must for ever crush any delusive hopes they might have entertained of intervention to accom plish what they know they never can obtain. The Committee say we must obtain un interrupted control of the Mississippi. Wo must reach the great railroad arteries, the one bordering the Atlantic, the other stretching through the valley of Virginia and Tenuessee, to the South and West. We must, as soon as possible, take the few remaining seaports the rebels possess; then we shall virtually disarm the rebellion, cut it off from all external sources of supplies, and destroy the means of intercommunica tion by which alone they have been able to meet us in force where we have appeared, and by which alone tbey have been able to supply their armies. We mu3t destroy their armies, and to do this we must con centrate and not scatter our forces. It is better to operate successfully against one stronghold, or one army, than to attempt three and fail. The indications now clearly arc that, both in the East and West, the campaign of 1863 will give us brilliant achievements and decisive victories. Our Generals now in the field havo the full confidence of the soldiers, and peoplo and the armies will go forth, knowing that their ranks are to be made full ; that every day that passes will add to and not distingush their strength. In conclusion, the Committee say all men who hold high positions in the army and navy, and have rendered valuable services to the country, with whom tbey have held intercourse, unite in the opinion that fight ing and only fighting, can end this rebellion; that every traitor in the land must and shall be made to acknowledge and yield absolute, unqualified and unconditional obedience to the Constitution and laws, and your Committee believe this to be the sen timent, not only of the army and navy, but of every man in the country, traitors and cowards alone excepted. If you would be tolerated, be tol erant, , , ... If you would hear the truth, -tell it. If you wouldn't be troubled, don't be troublesome. u m - mta. A man's good breeding is the best security against other people's ill manners It is said that the the Tere ltf-. mgrmtod,mkili mTtrmirJ-yr MattJteUSKvMaJtSamvi