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New Mexico Historical and Resources Edition. Volume CXXXIII, NO. 56. 1ITUJN the borders of Socorro county lie a large, proportion of the mineral re sources which will some day make the new Htate of New Mexico famous as ti producer of weulth I from the earth; hut euually in importance unil what will be a valuable and a steady income producer long after the almost inexhaustible stores have been drawn from the mountains, are the agricultural areag of this, the largest county of the new state. Those visitors who have been so fortunate as to spend some time in New Mexico, know already of the vast possibilities which are now lying, un developed to a great Uogiuu. in the rocky fastnesses of Socorro county's mountains, but they hear comparative ly little of the 125 mile of fertile PJo Grande valley lands which await irri gation and cultivation. Not one hun dredth part of these lands, suscepti ble of irrigation, are now being put to use, As is the case in other sections of this drainage system, the lands are of a rich alluvial variety which will grow almost any crop the fancy may desire, needing but the addition of water to the waltlnir soil. Improved Irrigation ditches will bo able to Increase the available acreage of irrigable lands, and pumping, which has done such wonders In the Deming country, will bo able to do more, but the greatest possibilities of the coun ty lie la pumping from mountain res ervoirs Great possibilities. Indeed, wait those who will develop the ir rigation resources of this county, whether the system used is direct di version from the Hio Grande, its prin cipal stream, or by pumping from the Underflow of this river, by damming mall mountain streams, and diverting the water from such reservoirs by pump or ditch to the cultivated land. Many an eastern, state could bo laid within the borders of this virgin em pire of the new state. Resources await the touch of capital at every hand, and will richly repay the effort expended in their development. Poor men as well as great kings of the money marts can find In this country a safe and sure return for their in vestment. The newness of the coun try. Its undeveloped condition, render the price of land very low, and a for tune awaits the men who open to use Its immense mineral deposits, its ag ricultural lands, and Its timber, lie cause of their undeveloped condition, the agricultural lands offer the most attractive proposition at present. Their price Is low, due to the same lack of development, and as similar conditions elsewhere have resulted In the purchase of ground for Intensive cultivation the most profitable form of farming there Is every reason to expect a great influx of farmers and ranchers to the county in the near future. Worthy of particular attention are the old Spanish land grants lying, within the borders of tho county. Large portions of the Belen and Casa Colo grants are included in the coun ty's boundaries, as well as the entire 272,000 acres of the grant of the CVbolleta de la Joya. The largest part of the latter grant is unsegregated. and is open for sale at the present time. These three grants embrace an acreage greater than all the other giants In the state combined ror- i4r .Vl . ' gif-' .... . 11 J " ' r -' J-r . J'tM--in " - 1 ' M-tuMjjwwi i.-.. ALBUQUERQUE MORNING JOURNAL Socorro, San tions of them can be secured, even in large blocks, at a price much lower than government lands may be secur ed by means of script. On parts of them are deposits of coal, copper, and other minerals. .Much of the remain der is capable of cultivation. Through all throe grants the Santa Fe railroad parses, as does the Camino Keal and the route of the proposed ocean-to-occan highway. In the eastern portion of the coun ty, practically untouched by the hnnd of man since the days when they were, first laid down, lie valuable deposits of minerals. Hero, as in tho valley of the Itio Grande and in the western part of the county, tho ground Is won derfully fertile. In a few places can be seen the marks of tho early settlers efforts at mining and smelting enough of the minerul wealth of the region to satis fy their own demands. From tho cop per deposits, us shown by history and a lew slight diggings which remain un til today, they mined and smelted enough of tm red metal to make bells for the curly churches, established In the valley ioo and more years ago. Except for these, the minerals of the whole section oj the country ore al most as they were laid down by lhe hand of God.' Tho reason for this lack of develop ment In a country where it would seem u though weulth must Inevit ably fall Into the outstretched hands of settlers, is tho early troubles with the Indians, which prevented any save strong parties going into the country or opening it to cultivation and devel opment at tho same time that hund reds of small farmers, sheep ranchers and prospectors filled the more peace ful sections of the state and blowked out, at least, a portion of its treasures. Later, the difficulty of crass Ins; the Itio Grande still further delayed the settlement of the eastern section, be tween the river and Manzunos, where apple trees 200 years old are yet bear ing fruit. Now, however, this is to he changed. Increasing settlement, prospects of mineral development, the growing sentiment in favor of good roads, and, most recent of all, the location of a transcontinental automobile route, have united to bring a full realization of the need for adequate bridges, and the county at present plans a system of such crossing'! for the river whose treacherous quicksands and changing fords have thus returded a section as large as nn ordinary Judicial district. But It must not be supposed that Socorro county is raw and undevelop ed country throughout. For many years past, mlncB within her borders have been producing copper and oth er minerals; for a much longer time, a portion of her agricultural resources have been utilized, but compared to the majestic opportunities with which she has been endowed by nature, these are but a bagatelle. Socorro county has several growing prosperous energetic cities, of which Socorro, the county seat. Is the largest. It is an Important point on the Santa Fe railroad, Kelly and Magdalena are prosperous towns, both famous as mining centers. Ban Antonio, also on the 8anta Fe. Is a thriving town of about 1.R00 people. It Is a shipping point for the coal mines at Carthage 11 miles east of It. Forming, stock raising, and fruit growing are the principal Industries of the surround ing country. K"" Is oi" of the best producing ' X - :ffZ Antonio, Kelly, Magdalena, camps in the new utatc. The govern ment surveys show almost inexhausti ble mineral resources in the country near Kelly, and development work there Is going right ahead. ARldo from the mining feature of the nearby country, Magdalena de rives considerable benelit from the stock-raising of the western portion of Socorro county. It is also u point lor distributing supplies to the ranches and ranges of that part of the coun ty, and a shipping point for wool and cattle. City of Socorro, New Mexico Thotlty of Socorro is a thriving community of over 2,000 souls at present, and is growing steadily. So- corro lins grown in late years from a collection of adobe houses to a real little cltv. with banks, churencs, 'I , , I , . A. j a ! 't ' ! - ' ws- . """I sv? j-iv1' 'v ctf r ? 'Cl &XWrh Ait 1 yy?yrmnmi?&2 b 7 "i . t i ',-;;!;?'i 'An ---- mmmmtmr, , - 'mmm. M IV-Al i rj rr - ' --zzzz: : , 4,.,. : . -- . t iiimii -ir-an nr-iif ti -' " -' " good business buildings, sidewalks and date modern hotel, operated by August all the other features which denote Kinkier. The contracting and build prosperity anil progress. I'liruilng lng lirm of W. l. Crabtree has reccnt and fruit raising are the principal In- ly built many houses In Socorro, and dustries of the country shout .''mkoito. sold muteriul for many more In the A brunch of the Santa Fe ru.iiond surrounding country, an evidence of runs up from Socorro to Magdalen. i, the growth snd prosperity of the dis and Socorro is a transfer point for nil t-ict. The Illinois Brewing company curs loaded with merchandise going Is one of the best equipped smaller r'-m - b? lIAM)Mli; filtOVP AXGOKA (UOA Tii. ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO, SUNDAY, up to Magdalena or ore, wool and cat tle coming down. The city is tho location of the state School of Mines, which, though small, compares very favorably with insti tutions of a similar nature in other portions of the country. Telephones and a modern exchange, electric lights, and municipal water supply unite to make the city convenient and to pave time and effort for the people who live in it. An interesting feature of So corro is the water supply, which Is ,-.yr fciif, pn ne hit 1 1. 1 i I iltt ri'pr. KXIIIIHT OF NK.W Mi:XH O S1HM)L voir within the heart of tho mountains west of the city. A tunnel runs many feet Into the mountain, penetrating the reservoir, and the purest of water Is supplied all the year round at no cost at all. The water Is warm when It comes from the tunnel. Like those of ulmost every other town or city of Socorro county, the people of Socorro are Industrious, prosperous, contented and remark ably hokpltahle to the stranger so- Journing in their country. Accomodations for guests are pro vided by the Winkler hotel, an up-to- FEBRUARY 25, 1912. breweries in the state. Aside from the brewing of a hlgh-grado beer, they are bottlers of soda and tnann- facturcrs of Ice, supplying a consld- rrable of the surrounding country with t,if ramimodltv. 'lhe Academy of our l.ndy of Loonies Is located In tho city of Socorro. The Socorro hospi tal' under the management of Dr. V. M. Parvis. Is a most complete inslliu tlon, conrparlng favorably with any in the larger cities in point of equip ment and facilities. OF MINI S MK All D AT MK OH KO, Mag dalena Mining District, Town of Kelly The mining camp of Kelly, In So corro county. New Mexico, Is situuted on the west slope of the Magdalens mine at the head of the street or Kelly, lunge 28 mile, west of Socorro the 'i;"' '. as'Taton county seat. A branch of the A, T. ft venue. The Juanita was a large pro S. F. II. K. runs from Socorro to Mag- rluecr of silver-lead ores and Col. F.aton dalena the shipping point for the stock built and operated ruccessfully a smol interests as far went as the Blue river ter in connection with th:? mine. lue to In Arizona. poor timbering nnd failure to hold the The mining camp of Kelly was first ground the mine caved In and was worked by white men In the early six- Idle for many jeurs, Ibn feeling exist- New Mexico San Marcial j ties Outcrops or rich lead -silver ores which rtuek out of the ground In pluces for one mile ulong the slope of the mountain were Rophered out by these early pioneers and reduced to bullion by means of Mexican adobe furnaces ivassos) several of 111 esc si ill remain as visible; proof of the crude methods of extracting this bullion. This bul lion was hauled to St. Louis. Mo by bull teams, the method of loading be ing a layer of wool and a layer of bul lion, long before the dus of a railroad In New Mexico, Kelly camp was con tributing her quota to the world's wealth. Two of the prominent men who sought to bring the camp to the front in the early days ure t'ol. Hut; chiusoii and Col. Katon, veteran army men. t'ol. Hutchinson was the locator of the Graphic, Ida Hill and Kelly mines, also a number of mines of less er note. He made wfiat at that time was considered big money out of these properties, but little, dreamed as time proved of the Immense storehouse of wen t h which lie icit unioueneu. lui, .;;it,,n owned and operated the Juanlta Socorro County and Engle, Sierra County. Historical and Resources Edition lng among the old timers that It was worked out. Another noted producer Is the old Kellv mine, whose production runs In to the millions of dollars. This mine was acquired by G. Hillings, of Cin cinnati, Ohio, who built what was known as the Hillings smelter ut So corro and was the means of a branch of tho A. T. &. H. fr Ity. being built to within 1 1-!! miles of the mines. This plant was run up until ll:t. principal ly upon ores, from t he Kelly mine, but at times they bought ores from other points In tho southwest and Mexico. During the llfo of this smelter, which gave employment to many men Socor ro wus the metropolis of the territory and boasted of a population .between 10,000 and 25,000. Another great mine of this district Is the Graphic, where several men In davs gone bv have extracted fortunes with little effort. Between 1X94 uhd 1902 the Kelly and Graphic mines were worked by lessees Babcock and Connely working the Kelly and A. B. Fitch the Gruphlc In im. A. B .l-'llch and C. T. Brown, lessees of the Gruphia mines, sent .some tine sulphide ore to the Missouri plants for testing purposes, among the sulphide. oi-. Were pieces of smlthson Ito or sine carbonate, the plnrUod-. visud the shippers If they had any tiunntltv of this sine carlmnato ore In Nev Mexico they would be glut! to buy It. shortly after this the Hherwin- Illinois Paint company purchased the Graphic mine. In lo4 the Kelly mine was sold to the Trf-Bnllion Mining and Develop ment company. Tho deeper workings have revealed large bodies of nine blends along with galena and chalcopyrlte, a large part of the ore Is utilized In the manufac ture of Elnc-leud paint. I'ntll IVOD the ore was shipped crude, in this year three mills were built for concentration work, auxil iary to the wet concentrating plant of the Trl-Bullloii company is plant for roasting and magnetic treatment of concentrates. The Ozark Smelting nnd Mining company, operating the Graphic mine, has also erected a concentrating plant near the old Graphic smelter, about this time tke Misleltoe and Magda lena Tunnel company erected a mill for the dry pneumatic process. Thcso mills have been running fairly atendy since they were built, the pro duct average has been between fifty and sixty per cent lead and 40 to 60 per cent sine. The Magdalena range consists essen tially of a block of sedimentary forma tion tilted to the west at an angle of 30 to Or. degrees resting on a base ment of crystalline schists and gran ite, the thickness of the srndimentary formntlon In this district Is from 300 to fiflO feet, Instrusions of both acidic and basin type occur, the former being perdominant and are considered to have special significance In connection with formation of the ore bodies. The ores of the district do not or cur In veins properly speaking but the ore Is found In five different horizons, viz: First, along the contact of the schist or the granite with the lime stones; second, along the contact of the limestone with the quartz monson lie prophyry on the west; third. In the Ssndla limestones about 10 feet above base of contact with a thick bed of quartzito with the limestone; fourth, (t oitiliimil oil mge tnii)