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FRIDAY, APRIL 25,1552. the. kew cojwmnox. Since the breaking out of the rebellion the general expression has been, from all parts of this State, that there existed no necessity for any changes in our present Constitution, and it was hoped that the Convention would aetjourn «tn« die, on the day of meeting. It was conceded, how ever, that some few changes might he made in the present Constitution with good results. These were in relation to thejudic iary department. It has long been urged, by lawyers in particular, that the present Constitution was too narrow in its provis ions in regard to our Supremo Court; that three judges was not sufficient force on the bench in writing out opinions; that our Slate had so far increased in impor tance that the reports of cases adjudicated in this Court had swelled to two large vol umes, yearly. But what of this: it did not rt iiuire the machinery or expense of a Con * ventiou to remedy this evil, nor to amend the article of the present Constitution con cerning the judiciary in any particular whatever. There is a provision in the pre sent Constitution providing for making amendments by submitting them directly to a vote of the people, after being pre pared by the General Assembly. Under this provision the whole juoicaiy article could have been amended. If the people should rote to hare it amended, with com paratively no expense at all, why was not this done? Why have the people been put to this enormous expense at the instance of reckless politicians? We shallhercaftcr sec why. When the Convention decided to go on and amend the Constitution gen erally, it became their duty, Ist, to so con- duel their action as to make as little ex pense as possible. 2d, to make as few changes as possible, and no more than were actually required: and 3d, to submit the result of their labors to the people, fairly and without reserve. But how have the Convention performed their duties ? Lotus sec: As to the expenses incurred, it is diffi cult at thistime to fix the amount with cer tainty, but Ihe complete cost of the Con vention is estimated to be not less than SIOO,OOO. The Constitution is submitted at a special election, instead of the regular election next fall, which will cost not less than SIO,OOO more. As to the changes made, it seems that al most an entire new instrument is produced. The most important changes made arc such as were cither already enacted by the Legislature under the present Con stitution, or arc very objectionable to the people; and as to ihc fairness of submission to the people, we have al ready expressed to some extent the fraud committed, by reference to the manner of voting on the Banking article. Wc have before referred to the fact that special and local legislation was a noticea ble feature in the new Constitution. Judg ing from the debates of the Convention that body seems to have had a great horror of special and local legislation, and mem bers drew largely upon their imag ination in criticising the course of former legislatures in this respect; but when the work of the Convention itself is examined in regard to this subject, decency must blush at their impudence and inconsistency. Take the Judlciaiy article for instance, which, above all others, should have a general application and have been uniform in Us operation over the whole State—and it is full of local and special provisions from beginning to end. In stead of creating five Supreme Judges, as they clearly admit they should have done, they have left us with only three But they throw out a sugar-coated pill to Chicago and Peoria, by way of a special provision, giving them each annually a term of the Supreme Court, provided they will 'pay the expense* thereof themselves. "Will some one explain to the people why five grand divisions were not regularly provid ed and a judge created for each —or two in addition to the existing three —giving a regular term of the Supreme Court to Chicago and Peoria, the same as in other grand divisions, without charg ing the expense to the people of said cities ? By this new (angled “ poor mans" Con stitution, er man's poor Constitution, as it should be called, Ottawa, Springfield, and the little out ot the way town of Mt. Ver non, can be made the center of a grand di vision, and have a court house, library, and all other conveniences, at the expense of the Stale; but Peoria and Chicago, the two great commercial dues of the State, can have the favor of a bare squint at the su preme judges once a year, by paying for it. The following is the section of the new Constitution to which we refer: Sec. 5. One or more terms of the Supreme Court shall be held annually at Springfield. Mount Ver non, Ottawa, Chicago and Peoria, and at such limes ae may be provided by law; Provided , That the State shall be at no expense for n co<n-t-hou*c or llbuny at the two last named places. Now, what has Chicago and Peoria done that they cannot enjoy equal privileges with Ottawa, Springfield and Blount Ver non? These three latter places have had large appropriations made for court houses and libraries, all of which Chicago and Peoria have contributed largely in pay ing fbr: and now why this special discrim ination against Chicago and Peoria ? We can overlook the botch-work of the tinkers who have attempted to amend our Con stitution, but when they commit frauds upon the people, steal their rights and in sult them by such acts of injustice, wc cannot overlook it. The people will resent such acts of injustice by their votes at the polls, There is, as yet, no sure prospect of the passage of the tax bill. There are sonic who believe that it will, at last, be postponed with the bankruptcy bill until the next ses sion, At least, from present indications, that is as likely to be the result as anything. Many members desire to know what their constitu ents think on tbe subject before they impose the tax; and the opinions of the Senate and House on material matters connected with the bill appear to differ widely. The bill that has passed the House will be so amended in tbe Senate that, even if it passes, the House will hardly be likely to agree to the alterations made. The wife of Gov. Harvey was at the State Capitol, Madison, when the dispatch was received announcing the sad death of her husband. Adjutant General Gaylord and Mr. Sawyer, her brother-in-law, attempted to ac company her home, and told her that a rumor had been received that gave him some anxicVv in regard to tbe Governor. As Gen. Gaylord was attempting to conceal the full extent of tbe calamity, she stopped while they were walking through the park, and said: “Tell me if he Is dead!” While he evaded a direct reply, she read the fatal news in the expres sion of his face, and dropped senseless upon the walk. |Sf“ Cok Jcnnison, of the First Kansas, has been sent to Alton and parole refused. Lieut. G<o. H. Hoyt, arrested at the same time, is the young Boston the volunteer coun sel for Old John Brown. The reason of these arrests has not transpired, but the reason for extra severity has no remote connection with the fact that both are Abolitionists, and Den ver and Sturgis are not. The two last officers hate Abolitionists worse than rebels, and deem plotting against the Union a venial offense compared with sympathizing with slaves. XSf* The rebel bushwhackers ol Western Virginia arc getting very bold and very bad. A Captain of Connecticut cavalry was killed in Highland county, last week; and in Web ster county Lieut. Cob Hams, with a battalion of the 101b Virginia regiment, had a skirmish with a lot of them, in which three Federate were wounded. We have yet to leam that the neighborhoods in which these men thrive exert say efforts to suppress them. Fatal Accident. —We are pained to learn that one day last weeh, a son of Bct. S. C. Lo gan, of Valparaiso, Ind., a'bhUd about three years of age, "white playing in the hay-loft in his lather’s bam, fell through an opening to the floor below, and was so injured that he died next day. little George was .a child Of unusual interest promise,' find his loss must be a Bad affliction to tie parents, wUo have our sympathy in this sudden bereave- ment. By an arrival from Ncwbern, via Hat tcras Inlet on the 18tb, we learn that Fort Ma con is thoroughly invested, and it has been ascertained that the supply of provisions was scarce. The chances were, in that case, that the rebels would be starved out. Expecta tions of an attack on Newbern had led to the erection of fortifications for Us protection. Gen. Burnside bad made a .visit to.Beaufort from the Charleston 2Horcury» A friend just from Pittsburg Landing fur nishes us with a copy of the Charleston Mer fMryoftheothinst, It Is a long.time since we have seen one. The specimen before ns is a dingy looking sheet, not much whiter than wrapping paper, and about two thirds its former size. We make a few extracts from its contents, showing the condition of affairs in Charleston at that date important to planters. To hasten the construction of iron-clad war steamers for the defense of the coast and harbors of the State, there is urgent need of white oak timber. The authorities call on ibe planters to assist them in supplying this want at once. The timber should be from S to 14 inches square, and if brought to any water course or line of railroad, will be gladly received by the Government. Let each planter see to it that he contributes at least one piece of timber to the iron-clad steamer, and there will be abundance iu oar ship yards. tfnE Fibing on Tuesday Night.—There is no doubt that the firing heard on Tuesday night, was occasioned by an attick of the blockading steamers upon a vessel, of some kind, endeavoring to run the blockade. Sale op Negroes at Auction.— At auction, vcfctcrday, at the Broker’s Exchange, Messrs. Wilbur A Son sold—a woman, 40 years old, with a boy, 13 years of age, for SSso—s433 each; a woman 50 years old, with a family of five children, aged respectively 22 years, 0 Tears, 7 years, 3 years, and an infant, for 'averaging §355 ; a woman, 40 years old, with a boy of 10 years, and two girls, aged 7 and 9, for SI,BOO, averaging $450; a boy, 13 years old, $700; another, aged 15, brought $775; and a man, 42 years of age, sold for $025, all cash transactions. We have received, from Courtney’s book store, the Southern Monthly tor ApriL It is now published at Grenada, Mississippi, in consequence of the threatened condition of Memphis. The Barnwell Dragoons, a fine company of mounted men, commanded by Capt. B. W. Lawton, (eighty-two strong), were mustered Into Confederate service, unconditionally, for the war, at HardeviUe, on Friday last. Wc are informed that this is the first cavalry corps from Barnwell District (county) that has en listed for tbe war. Tee Value of Church Bells —The Ord nance Bureau of the Confederate States so licits the use of such bells as can be spared during the war, for the purpose of providing liaht artillery fonbe public defense. While I copper is abundant, the supply of tin is deft-1 cient to convert the copper into bronze. Bells j contain so much tin that two ihosand tour hundred weight of bell metal, mixed with the [ proper quantity of copper, will suffice for a j field battery of six pieces. Those who are 1 willing to devote their bells for tins patriotic purpose, will receive receipts for them, and the bells will be replaced, if required, at the close of the war, or they will be purchased at fair prices. Schooner Ashore.— A schooner, formerly known here as the Experiment, from. Nassau, N. P.,,with a cargo of salt, was chased ashore on Long Island beach, at an early hour yestcr day, by'a Yankee steam gunboat. The cargo may be saved, and the vessel got off, if speedy assistance is rendered. This schooner spoke, on the Ist init., and was boarded twenty-five miles east of this port, by the Yankee ship Onward, Captain Nichols, which was armed with two guns. Auction Sale of Merchandize.— -The fol lowing articles of merchandize were sold yes terday on Boyce’s wharf, by Messrs. Rhett & Fltzsimons: Sugar cured hams, 71c. per %; linseed oil, $3.10 per gallon; letter paper, $13@14 per ream; white lead, 133-4(5.15c per pound; white zinc paint, 12*£ c per pound; sheet tin, $65 per box; No. 1 mackerel, $38.25 per barrel; No. 2 mackerel, same price; Ma nilla rope, l)f in. 40c per ponnd; !>' in. 40c per ponnd; 1% in. 40>jc per peued; 2 in, 40c per pound; 2.’i in. 40e per pound; 2>£ in. 40) ye per ponnd ; 2.-;.' in. 41j£c per pound. JTnnp 7'opr, l-S in. 3Cc per pound; V;-: ; 25c per pound; 2}.f in. 22c perpound; 2JW in. 20c per pound; 2% in. 25c per pound; Sj-f in. 27c per pound. Balti more Cotton Duck, No. 1, 77(irft0e perpard; No. 4, 65c per yard; No. 6, 57c per yard; No. 9, 45c per yard. Corn Brooms, per dozen. Kerosene Oil.s4.l2kTn/5.50 per gallon. 1 Goshen Cheese, perpound. From the above it would seem that the ar ticle most needed in Charleston—hemp—is scarce and high. It will he cheaper shortly. | Tie North will try and supply some of it. ■ Tbe following is the market report complete. We judge from it that the “ paper blockade ” is working very effectually. Formerly the Mer cury published two to three columns per day of commercial matter. The mercantile men of Charleston must be “ getting their rights ” by making war on the | Republic: COMMERCIAL. LATEST DATES. Havana... Havre Liverpool CONSIGNEES PER SOUTH CAROLINA RAILROAD— ATIHL 2. 102 brla and 315 sacks flour, SSB bu com, 97 hhda Bigar, 91 bu wheat, 186 bu oats, 80 btla beef, 42 bales hay, 12,600 Iba bacon, horses mdze, &c. To Capt. H C Guerin, Ravenel & Co, TJ&CII Moisc & Co, HCobla & Co, J N Bob-on, F W G Stcnbouee, Farrar Bros & Co, Capt M A Pringle, S Wright, EwelJc?, Major II Leo. EL Ferrisac. T Bounell, JM Eason & Bro, S S Hampton. ES Lamar, Blakely, Williams A Co, Jno Fraser & Co, and order. MARINE NKVr3, WIND —S. ABBIWEB. April 4. Schr Jas R Pringle, West Point Mill. 150 brls rice. To Frazer &Uill. A LETTER FSOM PADUCAH, A Hit of Southern SiyhUs Meeting— The Heroic vdUandiyham—The Secret Ene mies of the Union—Condition of the Wounded —Generosity of Schuyler Colfax , tte. (.Special Correspondence Chicago Tribune.) Paoccau, Kt., April 20,1852. A few days since I came across the printed minutes of a Southern rights meeting held in this place in August last. Among the resolu tions was the following; Excited, That tbe Hon. L. W. Powell, and tbe Hon. Juo. C. Breckinridge, our Senators, and the Bon. Henry C. Burnett, onr Representative in Congress, the heroic V&llandigham, and the patri otic little band who stood by them, deserve for their patriotism and boldness in standing up in the midst of an armed mob and denouncing the war waged by Lincoln as illegal and unconstitu tional, 6nr warmest approbation and admiration for their gallant conduct. Ought it not to make the cheeks of honest loyal men tingle with shame that the “ heroic ValUmdiahani” still holds bis place among the national councils. Look itf this applauding resolution to the “heroic ValuDoingliam,” and then ■weep for shame, men of the northwest, that so damna ble u traitor goes unhung, ami is permitted to hiss his treason still, in the national Congress. It may be proper to state that of the signers to the call for a meeting, and the names men tioned in the proceedings, none have carried their southern patriotism so far, as to go where there is danger of being hurt They arc hire ready to swear, if fire cents can be gained thereby, that they are and always have been, “ undoubted Union men/’ but they are the very' persons whom Etheridge spoke of a few nights since here as being “Secret ene mies, ready at any lime an opportunity offered to give aid aud information to the foes of the government, men who were instrumental in sending scores of boys and moon-struck men to take up aims in reheldom; who, when the government took pity ou their poverty and want of enterprise, and put up public build ings that were at once ornaments and sources of profit to the town, —threw themselves back upon their dignity, sniffed up their di minutive noses, and proposed taking: said buildings for the head-quarters of Gen. Tighl man.” Fitting sympathisers are these for Valundlnghain. In one of the houses now occupied by the ordnance officers, is & room formerly used for the meetings of “ Knights of the Golden Cir cle.” The building was evacuated quite sud denly one fine morning, aud as the members of that organization could not very well cany thtir regalia, various portions are still remain ing in the room. Among them are helmets, plumes, spears, skulls, banners, et cetera, hut in examining them my attention was called to one item in particular, that was interesting; a large etufled eagle that appeared to bare figured in their orgies, had been shorn of his wings and spit upon by the gallant and hot-blooded chivalry. All of the members must have chewed tobacco, for the juice of that weed had been showered upon the poor bird without mercy. When the room, was taken possession of by tbo Government, some soldiers straightened the old gray fellow up, smoothed down his remaining feathers and placed in his mouth a card with the fol lowing neatly written upon It: “Southern traitors have robbed me of my wings, but thank God, I can walk the earth protected by the Stars and Stripes, and upheld by the Con stitution ot the United States.” As I looked at the still undaunted looking old Eagle it seemed that he, not the writer, had spoken. Wounded soldiers still continue to arrive here from Jibe Pittsburg Battle. If the don ors Iconid seethe benefit of their aid ti> the sufferers, rendered through the sanitary com mission of your city, they would l>e amply re paid for their gifts of good things tofthose who so much need them. Permit me hero to acknow ledge the receipt of SIOO from the Hon. Schuy ler Colfax for the relief of wounded from Fort Uoncleon, it was instrumental in relieving many cases of distress, and the men who are fighting the battles of the Union, shower bless ings upon the beads, and will not forget those who remember them in their sufferings. “ Thank heaven for this,” said one poonfella w minus an arm, who had received fire dollars of the above donation. “I am perfectly content if I know we are not forgotten athome." By -the way It strikes me that Colfax is doing ra ther more than bla share. Another hundred has just been-sent by him for the relief iff the wounded at Pittsburg. This makes the filth donatlon of this amount from him, that I B.tn aware for such purposes. Would it notbe ' well for others down at Urn Capitol to “go and i do likewise,” Well, I started to tell you abont , the “resolutions,” and forgetting myself have wandered away upon other matters. Excuse this trespass upon your patience; I have re ' covered myself and will stop. , . G. A- PtnacE, A. Q. M. ILLIHOIS CONSTITUTIONAL CON- VENTION. NEW CONSTITUTION OF THE STATS OF ILLINOIS ADOPTED nx THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVEN TION AT SPIUNGFIELD, MABOII2-1, 1862, AND SUBMITTED TO THE PEOPLE FOK IIATI -ITCATION AT AN ELECTION TO BE IIELD JUNE 17, 1862. PREAMBLE. We. th£ people of the State of Illinois— grateful to Almighty God for the civil, politi cal and religious liberty, which he hath so long permitted us to enjoy, and looking to Himfor a blessing upon our endeavors to secure and <r u npmit'tlic same to succeeding generations— in order to form a more perfect government, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the wesslngs ol liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do or dain and establish this Constitution for the Stale ol Illinois. ARTICLE I. BOUSDAUIEb. The boundaries and jurisdiction of the State shall be as follows, to-wit: Beginning at the mouth of the Wabash rirer; tbence np the same, and with the line of Indiana to the northwest corner of said State: thence east, with the line of the same State, to the middle of Lake Michigan; thence north, along the middle of said lake to north latitude forty-two degrees and thirty minutes; thence west to the middle of the Mississippi river, and thence down along the middle of that rirer, to its confluence with the Ohio river; and thence up the latter river, along its north western shore, to the place of beginning: that this State shall exercise such jurisdiction upon the Ohio river as she is now entitled to, or such as may hereafter be agreed upon by this Stale and the State of Ken tucky. ARTICLE n. BII.E OP BIGHTS. That the great and essential principles of liberty and free government may be recog nized and unalterably established, We DE- CLARE; Section 1. That wo hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal; that they arc endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; and of acquiring, possessing and protecting property. That to secure these rights, gov ernments arc instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the gov erned. Sec. 2. That all power is inherent In the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority, and instituted for their peace, safety and happiness. Sec. 3. That all men have a natural and in defeasible right to worship Almighty God ac cording to the dictates of their own con sciences; that no man can of right be com pelled to attend, erect or support any place of worship, or to maintain any ministry against his consent; that no human authority can, in any case whatever, control or interfere with the rights of conscience; and that no prefer ence shall ever be given by law to any relig ious establishments or modes of worship. Sec. 4. That no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office of pub lic trust under this State. Sec. 5. That all elections shall be free and equal. Sec. C. That the right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate; and shall extend to all cases at law, without regard to the amount in con troversy. Sec. 7. A jury shall, in all cases, consist of twelve men, unless otherwise agreed by the parties; but the General Assembly may provide for a jury of a less number, in civil cases before justices of the peace. Sec. S. That the people shall be secure in their persons, houses, papers and possessions, from unreasonable searches and seizures; and that general warrants, whereby an officer may be commanded to search suspected places without evidence of the act committed, or to seize any person or persons not named, whose olfonses are not particularly described and supported by evidence, are dangerous to liberty and ought not to be aranted. Sec. 9. That no freeman shall be imprisoned or disseized of his freehold, liberties or priv ileges, or outlawed, exiled, or in any manner deprived of his iife, liberty or property, but by the judgment of iris peers, or the law of the land- Sec. 10. That in all criminal prosecutions, The accrued hath a right to be heard by him self and counsel; to demand the nature and cause uf the accusation against him; to meet the witnesseaface to lace; to have compulsory process to compel the attendance of witnesses in his favor; and in prosecutions by indict ment or information, a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the county or district wherein the oiTense shall have been commit ted, which county or district shall have becu previously ascertained by law; and that he shall not be compelled to give evidence against himself. Sec. 11. That all offenses, less than felony, and in which the punishment is by fine, or prisonment otherwise than in the penitentiary, shall be tried summarily before a court au thorized by law to try the same, upon inform ation under oath, without presentment or indictim-nt of a grand jury, saving to the de fendant, in ail cases, the right of appeal; and no person shall be held to answer for any higher criminal offense, unless on preseut mtul or indictment ot a grand jury, except iu cases of impeachment, or in cases arising in the army or navy, or in the militia, when in actuftlscrvicc, in time of war or public danger. Sec. 12. No person shall, for the same of fense, be twice put in jeopardy. Sec. 13. Every person within this State ought to find a certain remedy, iu the laws, for all injuries or wrongs which he may re ceive in his person, property or character. He ought to obtain right and justice freely, and without being obliged to purchase ite-com plctely and without denial—promptly and without delay—conformably to tie laws. .. Sec. 14. That all persons shall he bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offen ces where the proof is evident or the pre sumption great; and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, un less, when in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require It Sec. 15. All penalties shall beproportined to the nature of the offense—the true design of all punishment being to reform, not to ex terminate mankind. .March .March 14. .March 14. Sec. 10. No person shall be imprisoned for debt, unless upon refusal to deliver up hia es tate for the benefit of his creditors, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law, or in cases where there is strong presumption of fraud. Sec. 17. There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in this State, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted- Sec. 18. ex post facto law, nor any law im pairing the obligation of contracts shall ever bo made; and no conviction shall work cor* motion of blood or forfeiture of estate. Sec. 19. That no person shall bo liable to be transported out of this State, for any offense committed within the same. Sec. 20. That a frequent recurrence to the fundamental principles of civil government is absolutely necessary to preserve the blessings of liberty. Sec. 2i. The military shall be in strict sub ordination to the civil powers. • Sec. 22. That the people have a right to assemble together in a peaceable manner to consult for their common good, to instruct their representatives, and to apply to the General Assembly for redress of grievances. Sec.23. No eoldiorshall, in time of pence, be qvsrund io ary house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, except in man ner prescribed by law. Sec. 24. The printing presses shall be free to every person who undertakes to examine the proceedings of the General Assembly, or of any branch of government; and no law shall ever he made to restrain the right thereof. The free communication of thonguts and opinions is one of the invaluable rights of man; and every citizen may freely spea£ write and print on any subject, being responsible for the abase of that liberty. Sec. 25. In prosecutions for the publication of papers investigating the official conductor officers, or ol men acting in a public capacity, or when the matter published is proper for public information, the truth thereof m.vy bo given in evidence; and in all indictments for libels, tbe jnry shall have the right of deter mining both the law and the fact, under the direction of the court, as in other cases. Sec. 26. Any person who shall, after the adoption of this constitution, fight a duel, or send or accept a challenge for that pur pose, or be alder or abettor in fighting a duel, shall be deprived of the right of holding any office ofhonoror profit in this State, and shall be punished otherwise in such manner as is or may be prescribed by law. Sec. 27. Private property shall ever be held inviolate, but subservient to the public welfare. When the same shall be taken in time of war, or other imminent public dan ger, imperatively requiring its Immediate seiz ure, or Tor the purpose of making or repairing roads, which shall be open to the public, with out charge, a compensation therefor, to bo as certained by a jury, shall be made to the own er, in money, and in all other cases in which private property shall be taken fur public use, a compensation therefor shall be first mode in money, or first secured by a deposit of money; and such compensation shall be assessed by a jnry of freeholders, without deduction for benefits to any property of the owner. Sec. 28, Private roads may be opened in tbe manner to be prescribed by law; but in every case tbe necessity for the same and tbe amount of damages to be sustained by the opening thereof, shall be first determined by a jury of freeholders; and such amount, togeth er with the expenses, shall be paid by tluTper son to be benefited, without deduction forben efits to any property of the owner. Sec. 29. The general assembly shall so pro vide that fifteen of the most competent of the permanent citizens of each county shall be summoned as a grand jury, twelve of whom must concur to find an indictment. Sec. 80. The people of this State have the exclusive right of governing themselves, as a free, sovereign and independent State, and do, and forever shall, enjoy and exercise every power pertaining thereto, which Ia not, and may not hereafter be; by them, expressly del egated to the United States of America, or prohibited to the State by toe Constitution of the United States. Sec. SI. That tbe people of this State regard tbe union of the states, under the federal Constitution, as permanent and indissoluble, from which no State has & constitutional right to withdraw o? secede. ARTICLE IIL concerning the distribution of the rOWER 6 OF GOVERNMENT, Section L The powers of toe government of the State of Illinois shall be divided into three distinct department*, and each of them be confided lo a separate body of'mwris fracy, to-wit; Those which are legislative to one; those which are executive to another; and those which are judicial*.to another. Bec. 2. No. person, or collecUoxi.o£.perooss befog one of-these departments, shall exef-' else any power properly belonging to either of the others, except hereinafter expressly directed or permitted, and all acts in contra* vchtfon of this section shall be void. ARTICLE IV. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The legislative authority of this State eball bevested in a general assembly. Which h U consist of a senate and house of representatives, both to be elected bytbe peo ple. Sec. 2. An'election for members of the gen era! assembly shall be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, ia the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, and every taro years thereafter, in. t ach and every county, at such places there in as may bo provided by law. Sec. 3. No person shall be a member of the general assembly who shall not be a citizen of the United Slates, have attained the age of twenty-five years, and resided within the lim its of the county or district in which he-shall be chosen for one year next preceding his election, if such county or district shall have been so long organized, but if not, then with in the limits of the county or counties, dis trict or districts, out of which the same bVU have been taken. No person ghnp he a-Sena tor who shall not have resided five years, nor a member of the house of rcoresentaLives who shall not have resided three years, within this State. Sec. A. The senators, at their first session herein provided for, shall be divided by lot, as near as can be, into two classes. The seats of the first class shall be vacated at the expira tion of the second year, and those of the sec ond class at the expiration of the fourth year; go that one-half thereof, as near as possible, may be biennially chosen forever thereafter. Sbc. 5. The senate shall consist of thirty three members, and the house of representa tives of one hundred and two members, to be apportioned among the several counties ac cording to the number of white Inhabitants. *ln all future appointments, where a district shall be composed of more than one countv, all the representatives to which the said dis trict may be entitled shall he elected by the whole district. There shall be no increase of senators or representatives until the popula tion of the State shall exceed three millions. Sec. 6. Ko person elected to the general as sembly shall receive any civil appointment within this State, from the governor, the gov ernor and senate, or from the general assem bly, during the term for which he shall have been elected; and all such appointments, and all votes given therefor, {shall he void; nor shall any member of the general assembly be interested directly or indirectly, in any con tract with the State, any conaty, city or town thereof, authorized by any law passed during the time for which he shall have been elected or one year thereafter. Sec. 7. In the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and seventy, and every tenth year thereafter, the census taken, by authority of the government of the United States shall be adopted by the general assem bly as tbe enumeration of this State: and the number of senators and representatives shall, at the first regular session holden after the re turns of said |census are made, be apportioned among the several counties or districts to bo established by law, according to tiro number of white inhabitants. Sec. 8. Senatorial and representative dis tricts shall be composed ot compact, contigu ous territory, which districts shall be bound ed by county lines, and only one senator al lowed to each senatorial district, and not more than three representatives to any representa tive district; Provided, that counties having the requisite population may have additional senators and representatives; and counties having over one hundred thousand inhabitants may be divided into several districts. Sec. 0. In forming senatorial and represent ative districts, counties containing a popula tion of not more than one-fourth over the ex isting ratio' shall form separate districts, and the excess shall be given, as far os practicable, to some adjoining county or counties having the largest white population and not other wise entitled to a senator or representative; and counties having apopulation of more than one-lourth over the ratio for a senator, may elect a senator, and may, with any adjoining county or counties having, with such cxce es, the requisite population, form another senato rial district. Sec, 10. The first session of the general as sembly shall commence on the first Tuesday of January, in the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and sixty-three; and for ever thereafter the general assembly shall meet on the first Tuesday of January next ensuing the election of the members thereof, and at no other period, unless as provided by this constitution. Sec. 11. The senate and house of represent atives, when assembled, shall each choose a speaker and other officers, (the speaker of the senate excepted). Each house shall judge of the qualifications and election of its members, and sit upon its own adjournments. Two thirds of each house shall constitute a quorum; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the attendance of absent members. Sec? 112. Each house shall keep a journal of Us proceedings and publish the same. The yeas and nays of the members onany question shall, at the* desire of any two of them, be en tered ou the journals. Sec. 13. Any two members of cither house shall have liberty to dissent and protest against any act or resolution which they may think injurious to the public, or to any individual, and have the reasons of their dissent entered on the journals. Sec. 14. Each house may determine the nili s of its proceedings, punish Us members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concur rence of two-thirds of the members elected, expel a member, but not a second time for the same cause; and the reason for such expulsion shall be entered upon the journal, with the names of the members voting on the question. Sec. 15- "When vacancies shall happen iu either house, the governor, or person exercis ing the powers of governor, shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies; and incase of the neglect or refusal of the governor, or person acting as governor, to issue such writs, the general assembly may provide for issuing the same. Sec. IC. Senators and representatives shall, iu all cases except treason, felony, or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during the session of the General Assembly, and in going to and returning from the same; and lor any speech or debate in either house shall not ho questioned in any other place. Sec. 17. Each House may punish, by im prisonment, not exceeding twenty-four hours at any one time, any person not a member, who shall be guilty of disrespect to the house by any disorderly or contemptuous behavior in their presence. Sec. lb. The doors of each house, and of committees of the whole, shall bo kept opcu, except in such cases as in the opinion of the house require secrecy. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than two days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Sec. 19. The style of the laws of this State shall be, 11 Ik ii enacted by the people of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly” Sec. 20. Bills may originate in either house, hut may be altered, amended or rejected by the other; and on the final passage of all bills the vote shall be by ayes an noes, upon each bill separately, and shall be entered on the journal, and no bill shall become a law with out the concurrence of a majority of all the members elect in each house. Sec. 21. Bills making appropriations for the pay of the members and officers of the Gen eral Assembly, and for the salaries of the offi cers of the government, shall not contain any provision on any other subject. Sec. 22. Every bili shall be read at large on three diflerent days in eachhousc; and before the vote is taken on its final passage, and after all amendments thereto, shall be printed; and ail private bills shall be printed at the expense ot those for whose benefit the same are intro duced; and every bill, having passed both houses, shall be signed by the speakers of their respective boasts. And no law which may be passed by the general assembly shill embrace more than one subject, ami that shall be expressed in the title. But if any subject shall be embraced in an act which shall not be expressed in the title thereof, such act shall he void only as to so much thercofas shall not be expressed in the title. And no la w shall be revised or amended by reference to its title only; but the act revised, or the section amended, shall be inserted ut length in the new law. And no act of the general assembly shall take effect or be iu force, until the expir ation of three months from the end of the ses sion at which the same may be passed, unless in case ot emergency, the general assembly shall, by a vote ot two-thirds of all the mem bers elected to each house, otherwise direct, which emergency shall be expressed in the preamble or body of the act. Sec. 23. The members of the General As sembly shall receive for their services, the sum of three dollars per day daring the first ses sion held under this constitution, and ton cents for each mile necessarily traveled, going 10, and returning from the seat of government, to be computcd"by the auditor of public ac counts, and thereafter such compensation as shall be prescribed by law, aad*no other al lowance or emolument whatever. But no change shall be made in the compensation of members of the General Assembly, during the term for which they may have been elected. The Speaker of the House of Representatives shall be allowed the sum of one dollar per day In addition to his per diem as a member. Sbc. 34. The per diem allowed to each mem ber of the General Assembly shall be certified by the speakers of their respective houses, and entered on the journals, together with the mileage of each member as computed by the Auditor, and published at the close of each session; and each member of the General As sembly shall be furnished at the expense of the Siafe % with stationery necessary for the transaction of the public business, and shall be entitled to one copy of the laws and jour nal of the session, of which he isamember; but no appropriation, by resolution or other wise, shall be made by the General Assembly for postage or newspapers, either for the uso of iu members or for distribution. Sbc. 25. No Auditor’s warrant shall be issued but in pursuance of appropriations made by law; and no money shall be drawn from the treasury, except upon the presenta tion of a warrant so Issued. Au accurate statement of the receipts and expenditures of the public money shall be attached to, and published with, the laws of each session of the General Assembly. And no person who tas been, or may be, a collector or holder of public moneys, shall be eligible to a seat in the General Assembly, or to any office of profit or trust in this state, until* such per son shall have accounted for, and paid into the treasury all sums for which he may be ac countable. Sec. 26. The house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeaching; bat a majority of all the members elected must concur In an impeachment. All Impeach ments shall be tried by the senate, and when sitting for that purpose, the senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, to do justice ac cording to law and evidence. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the senators elected* Bkc. 27. The Governor and other civil offi cers under this State, shall be liable to im peachment for any misdemeanor in office dur ing their'continuance in office; hut judgment ~ : in such cases a ball .extend, further than to re moval from office. The party, whether con victed or acquitted, shall nevertheless be lia ble to indictment, trial, judgment and punish ment according to law. . Seg. 28. No judge of any court of law or '’equity. Secretary of State,. attorney-general, county attorney, recorder, clerk of any court of record, sheriff or ‘collector of the public revenue, member of either bofisc-of.congress. or person bolding auy lucrative office under the United States of this State, or any foreign government, .shall have a seat in the general assembly; Provided, that appointments in the militia or the office of jus ike of the peace shall not be considered lucrative offices; nor shall any person holding any office of honor or profit under any foreign Government, or under the Government ofthe United States, except postmasters whose annual compensa tion shall not exceed the sum of one hundred dollars, hold any office of honor or profit un der the authority of this State. Sec. 20. Every person who shall be chosen or appointed to auy office of trust or profit shall, before entering upon the dulies.thereof, take an oath to support the Constitution of the United States and of this State, and also an oath ot office. • - Sec. 30. The General Assembly shnltnot piss any local or special laws in auy of the follow ing enumerated cases, that is to say; fur granting divorces; -changing the names ot persons; laying out, opening, altering and working on roads orblghwayaj vacating roads, town plats, streets, alleys ana public squares; locating and changing county seats; regu lating county and township business; regu lating the practice in courts of justice; regu lating the jurisdiction and duties of justices of the peace and constables; or providing for changes of venne in civil and criminal cases. In all the cases enumerated above, all laws shall be general and of uniform operation throughout the State. Sec. *3l. The General Assembly shall never grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer, agent, servant or contractor af ter the services shall have been rendered or the contract made; nor authorize the payment of any claim or part thereof hereafter created against the State under any agreement or con tract made without express authority of law, and all such agreements or contracts shall be null and void: Pi-ovidcd, the General Assembly may make appropriations for expenditures in curred in suppressing insurrection or repelling invasion. Sec. 32. Suits may be brought against the State in the circuit court of the county where the seat of government shall be located; and upon proper affidavit filed, either party may have the venue changed to some other countv or circuit, as provided by law. And in all cases either party shall have the right of ap peal to the supreme court, whose decisions shall be final and conclusive as to the rights of the parties. And the general assembly shall provide for the payment of any judgment so rendered, at suerrume and iu such manner, as in its discretion, shall be warranted by the financial condition of the State: Provided, that the general assembly shall hare no power to allow and pay auy claims, demands or dama ges presented against the State after the expi ration of five years from the time the claim originated or the cause of action shall have ac crued, except upon the bonds of this Shite and the interest accruing oa the same hereto fore Issued or hereafter to be Issued by or un der the authority of this State. Sec. 33. The general assembly shall have no power to authorize, by private or special law, the sale Ql any lauds or other real estate be longing, in whole or in part, to any individual, Company or corporation. Sec. 34. Every general assembly shall pro vide for all appropriations necessary for the ordinary and contingent expenses of the gov ernment until the adjournment of the next regular session, the aggregate amount of which shall not be increased without a vote of two tbirds of each bouse, nor exceed the amount of revenue authorized by law to be raised in such time; Provided, the State may, to meet casual deficits or failures ia revenues, borrow money, never to exceed in the aggregate, fifty thousand dollars; and the moneys thus bor rowed shall be applied to the purpose for which they were obtained, or to repay the debt thus made, aud to no other purpose; and no other debt, except fortheparpose of repelling invasion, suppressing insurrection or defend ing the State in war, (for payment of which the faith of the State shall be* pledged,) shall be contracted, unless the law authorizing the same shall provide for the payment of the in terest thereon as it shall accrue, by tax levied for that purpose, or from other sources of revenue, and be submitted at a general elec tion to the people, and receive a majority of all the votes, east for members of the general assembly at such election. The general as sembly shall provide for the publication of said law, for three months at least, before the vote of the people shall be taken on the same. And the provisions of the law for the payment of the interest shall not be repealed until such debt be paid. Sec. !j5. The credit of the State, or of any county, city, town, township or school district thereof, shall not, In any manner, be given to or in aid of any individual, association or cor poration ; and neither the State, nor any coun ty, city, town, township or school district tin reof, shall ever become subscriber to the stock of any corporation or association what ever, or raise money for or in aid of any such corpora! ion or association. Skc. -.0. The general assembly shall provide by law, that the fuel, stationery and printing paper furnished for the use of the State, the copying, printing, binding and distributing the laws and journals, anftall other printing ordered by the general assembly, shall be lot, by contract, to the lowest responsible bidder; but the genend assembly shall fix a maximum price; uli3 no member of the general assembly or other officer of the State, shall be interest ed, directly or Indirectly, in such contract. Sec. 87. The general assembly shall have no power to release or extinguish,'iu whole or in part, the indebtedness, liability or obligation of any corporation or Individual to this State, except by a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to eachhousc of the general assembly. Sec. 38. The general assembly of this State shall have no power to release, suspend, mod ify, alter, remit, or in any way or manner im pair the obligations of the Illinois Central Railroad Company to pay iuto the State Treas ury all sums ot money secured to the State by the charterof said company,approvedFcbruary 10,2851, nor to release, suspend, modify, alter, remit, or iu any manner impair any right of taxation, or lieu secured to the Slate by said charter. Sec. 39. AH laws enacted after tbe adop tion of this constitution, which create corpor ations, amend existing charters, or grant spe cial or exclusive privileges to individuals, shall be subject to alteration, amendment or repeal. Sec. 40. The general Assembly shall, at the first session thereof after the adoption of this constitution, and from time to time as occa sion may require, pass laws for securing liens to mechanics and other operatives, for work and labor performed and materials furnlshed- ARTICLE V. executive department. Section 1. The executive department shall consist of a governor, in whom shall be vest ed the supreme executive power of the Slate, a nontenant-governor, secretary of State, au ditor, treasurer and attomey-gener.il, who shall be clectedfor tbe term of two years, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, in the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and sixty-two, and bienni ally thereafter, by the qualified electors of the Slate, at the same places and ia the same manner as members of the general assembly. Their term of office shall commence on the first Tuesday in January next offer their elec tion, and continue until their successors arc elected and qualified. Sec. 2. The returns of every election for the officers named in the foregoing section, shall be sealed up, and transmitted to the scat of government by the returning officers, directed to the speaker of the house of rep resentatives, who shall open and publish the same in the presence of a majority of the members of each house of the general assem bly. The persons having the highest number of votes respectively, shall be declared duly circled; but if two or more be equal and highest in votes tor the same office, then one ot them shall be chosen bv joint ballot of bofti houses of tbe gen<.nil*;isscrabiy. Con tested elections shall bo determined by both houses of the general assembly, in such man ner ns shall be prescribed by law. Sec. 3. No person shall be eligible to the of fice of Governor who shall not have attained tbe age of thirty years; been ten years, next preceding lus election, a resident of this State, and fora like period a citizen of tbe United States; nor skull any person when elected, be eligible to any other office within this State until after the expiration of the term for which he shall have been elected. Sec. 4. The Governor before entering upon the. duties of bis office, shall take the folio *|jg oath or affirmation, to-wit: “I do solemnly swear for affirm) that I will faithfully execute the duties appertainin': to the office of Gover nor of the State of Illinois; and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and de fend the Constitution of this State, and the Constitution of the United States.” Sec. 5. The governor shall reside at the seat of government, and, from time to time, give lhe~Geucral Assembly information of the state of the government, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall deem expedient. He shall be ex ojfkio canal trustee and fond commissioner, and nerform such du ties as shaU be prescribed bylaw. Sec. 6. The governor shall have power to grant reprieves, commutations and pardons, after conviction, for all offenses, except trea son and cases of impeachment, upon such conditions and with Such restrictions and limitations as he may think proper, subject to such regulations as may be provided by law, relative to the manner of applying for par dons. Upon conviction for treason he shall have power to suspend the execution of the sentence untill the case shall be reported to the General Assembly at its next meeting, when the General Assembly shall pardon the convict, commute the'sentence, direct the exe cution thereof or grant a farther reprieve. He shall, biennially, communicate to the Gen eral Assembly each case of reprieve, commu tation, or pardon granted, stating the name of the convict, the crime for which he was convicted, the sentence and its date, and the date of commutation, pardon or reprieve, and the reasons therefor. Sec. 7. Tbe officers of the executive de partment and of the public Institutions of the State shall, at least five days preceding each regular session of the general assembly, seve rally report to the governor, who shall trans mit such reports, with his message, to the general assembly; and the governor may, at any time, require information ia writing from the officers in the executive department, upon any subject relating to the duties of their re spective offices, ana shall take care that tie laws be faithfully executed. Sec. 8. The governor, on extraordinary oc casions, may convene the general assembly by proclamation, slating therein the purpose for which they are convened; and the general as sembly shall enter on no legislative business Seo. 0. The governor shall be commander in-chief of the army and navy of this State, and of the militia, except when they shall he i called into the service of the United States. Sec. 10. The Governor shall nominate, and by and with the advice «7>d consent of & ma- jbrily of the senators elect, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitu tion, or which may be created by law, and whose appointments are not otherwise provid ed for; and no such officer be appointed .or elected by the General Assembly. Sec. 11. The Lieutenant-Governor shall, by virtue of his office, bejDresident of the senate, but shall have no vote, unless thn Senate be equally divided. . j Sec. 13. In case of the impeachment of the governor, bis failure to qualify, his absence from the State, his Inability to discharge tire duties of his office, or in case the office or gov ernor shall in any wise become vacant, the powers, duties and emoluments of the office eball devolve npou the lieutenant-governor, nntil the disabilities shall cease, or a new gov ernor phall be elected and qualified. In every case when the lieutenant-governor shall be nnable to preside over the senate, the senators gball elect one of tbeir own number president; and the powers, duties and emoluments of the office of governor shall devolve upon him whenever the lieutenant-governor shall for any reason be prevented from discharging the duties of such office as above provided; and he sh ill continue us acting governor until the disabilities be removed, or a new governor or lieutenant-governor shall be elected and qualified. "Whenever, during a recess of the general assembly, it shall become necessary for a president ofthe senate to administer the government, the secretary of State shall cou v« ne the senate that they'may elect such pres ident. Sec. 13. The lieutenant-governor, while he acts as president of the senate, shall receive for bis services the same compensation which shall, for the same period, be alio wed to the speaker.of the house of representatives. Sec. 14. Every bill which shall have passed the senate and house of representatives shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the governor. If he approve, he shall sign if; but if not, he shall return, it with his objections to the house in which it shall have originated; and the said house shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to re consider said bill. If, after such reconsidera tion, two-thirds of the members elected shall agree to pass the same, it shall be seat, to gether with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and, if approved by two-thirds of the mem bers elected, it Khali become a law, notwith standing the objections of the governor. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, to be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the governor within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall become a law, in like manner os if he had signed it, unless the general assemblv shall, by their adjournment, prevent its re turn ; in which case the said bill shall be filed, with his objections, in the office of the secre tary of state, within ten davs after such ad journment, or become a law.' Sec. 15. The respective duties of the secre tary of State, auditor, treasurer, aud attor ney-general, shall be prescribe by law. If the office of either of said officers shall be vaca ted by death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be the duty of the governor to appoint an other, who shall bold his office until his suc cessor Is elected and qualified. Sec. 10, There may be established in the of fice of st-eretary of shite, a bureau of statistics and agriculture, under such rejmiations as the general assembly may prescribe. Sec. 17. The officers mentioned in this ar ticle shall, at stated periods, receive for their service :i compensation, to be established by law, which shall neither be increased or di minished during the time for which they shall have been elected; and the said officers shall receive no other emolument or allowance whatever. Sec. 18. There sball be a seal of the State, which shall be called “the great seal of the State of Illinois," and the moto thereof shall be “State Sovereignty—National Union;” and such seal shall oe kept by the secretary of state, and bo used by him officially, under the direction of the governor. Sec. 19. All grants and commissions shall ho issued in the name and by the authority of the State of Illinois, scaled with the great seal, signed by the governor, and counter signed by the secretary of state. See. 20. All fees that may hereafter bo made payable by law for any services per formed by any officer provided for in this ar ticle of the constitution, shall be paid in ad-, vanec, directly into the Shite treasury. ARTICLE VI. JUDICIARY DEPARTMENT. Section 1. The Judicial pawer of this Stale shall be vetoed in ;i supreme court. In circuit courts, in county courts (all of which shall be courts of record) and in justices of the peace. Sec. 2. The supreme court shall pouslst of three judges, two of whom shall form a quo rum, and the concurrence of two of said judges sball, in cases be necessary to a decis ion. Sec. 3. The supreme court sball exercise no original jurisdiction, except in cases of utondarnns, habeas corpus and certiorari , but shall have appellate jurisdiction in cases provided for in this constitution and the laws of this State hereafter to be enacted. Sec. 4. The judges of the supreme court shall hold their offices for the term of nine years, and until their successors sliall be elected and qualified; except that after the first election under this constitution, the of fice of one of said judges shall be vacated in three years, one in six years, and one in nine years, to be decided by lot. The judge hav ing the longest lime to serve shall oe first chief justice, and afterwards the judge hold ing the oldest commission. Skc. 5. One or more terms of the supreme court shall be held annually at Springfield, Mount Vernon. Ottawa, Chicago and Peoria, and at such times as may be provided by law; Provided, that the Stale shall be at no expense for a court house or library at the two last-named places. Sec 0. The State is hereby divided Into three grand divisions, as follows; The counties of Alexander, Pulaski, Massac, Pope, Hardin. Gallatin, Saline, Williamson, Johnson, Union, Jackson, Randolph, Perry, Franklin, Hamil ton, White, Wabash, Edwards, Wayne, Jeffer son, Washington, Monroe, St, Clair, Clinton, Marion, Clay, Richland, Lawrcuce, Crawford, Jasper, Effingham, Fayette, Bond and Madi son, shall compose the first grand division. Tbc counties of Edgar, Coles, Douglas, Moultrie, Shelby, Montgomery, Macoupin, Greene, Jersey, Calhoun, Pike, Adams, Han cock, McDonough, Schuyler,Brown, Fulton, Mason, Cass, Morgan, Scott, Sangamon,Chris tian, Macon, Piatt, Champaign, Vermilion, Ford, DeWitt, Logan, Menard, Cumberland and Clark, shall compose the accoud grand di vision. The counties of Henderson. Warren, Knox, Peoria, Tazewell, Woodford, McLean, Livings ton, Iroquois, Will, Kankakee, Grundy, Ken dall, LaSalle, Putnam, Marshall, Starke, Bu reau, Henry, Mercer, Rock Island, Whiteside, Lee, Carrol I Daviess, Stephenson, Winne bago, Ogle, DeKalb, Boone, Kane, McHenry, Late, Cook and DuPagc, shall compose the third grand division; and the qualified elec tors in each division shall elect one of the judges of the supreme court. Sec. 7. The following counties shall com pose a district, iu which courts shall be held at Peoria, viz: Mercer, Stark, Marshall, Iro quois, Woodford, PeoriiZ Knox, Warren, Hen derson, Mason, Tazewell and McLean; and the following counties shall compose a dis trict in which courts shall be held at Ottawa, viz: LaSalle, Putuam, Bureau, Kendall, Will, Grundy, Henry, Rock Island and Livingston. Sec. 8. After the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred’and seventy, the General Assembly may, in its discretion, provide lor the election oi two additional judges of the su preme court, in which case tne Stale shall be divided into five divisions, for purposes ot election only, (the qualified electors in each division electing one of said judges,) and a new election of all of said judges shall there upon take place. The said judges shall bold their offices for the term of ten years, and un til their successors are elected and qualified. except that after the first election held under the provisions of this section, one of said judges shall vacate bis office in two, one in four, one in six, one in eight, and one in ten jeais, to be determined by lot. The judge having the longest lime to serve shall be chief justice, and afterwards the one holding the oldest commission. Sec. 9. A reporter of the decisions of the supreme court shall be elected by the people, and hold his office for six years, and perform ftrm such services and receive such salary as nuiy be prescribed by law. The copyright of all nj«oita of said decisions and of any notes and references to the- same, shall be vested in th-.- secretary of stale for the benefit of the people of this State. Sec. 10. The clerks of the supreme court 6-lialJ be elvctod iu each division, and iu the Bcoria and Ottawa districts, by the qualified electors thereof; and shall hold tbeif offices for the term of six years, and until their suc cessors shall have been elected and qualified, Whose duties and compensation shall be pre stribed by law, Bbc. 11. The State shall be divided into sixteen judicial circuits, in each of which, e>:- c« pt tbe circuit embracing the county of Cook, there shall be elected by the qualified electors tb= re f, one circuit judge—and in said last earned circuit, lour circuit judges slxMi be elected; each of said judges shall hold his office for the term of six years, and until his successor shall be commissioned and qualified, except that after the first election held under this constitution, the office of one of the judges of the circuit court of Cook county shall’be vacated in two years, one in four years, and two in six years, to be determined by lot. .Sec. 12. The general assembly, at the first session after tbe expiration of sis years from the adoption of this constitution, and every six years thereafter, and at no other time, may increase or diminish the number of circuits; but such increase or diminution shall not be more than one circuit by any one session: Prwidcd, no such alteration shall affect any judge then in office. Sec. 13. There shall be two or more terms of the circuit court held annually ia each county in this State, at such limes as shall bo prescribed by law; and such courts shall have jurisdiction in cases at law and in equity, in criminal trials and prosecutions, and in cases of appeal from inferior courts except as other wise herein provided. Sec. 14. The judges of the supreme aud cir cuit courts shall receive such salaries, payable quarterly, as shall be prescribed by law, which Shall not be altered during their term ot office; and said judges shall receive no other allow ance or emolument. Seo. 15. Tbe first election for Judges of the supreme and circuit courts and for reporter of the supreme court, shall be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of Novem ber, in tbe year of our Lord one thousand tight hundred and sixty-two. Sec. 16. All vacancies in the supreme and circuit courts shall be filled by election: Proi-idfd, hoirevrr, that if the tmcxplrcd term does not exceed one year, such vacancy may be filled by executive appointment Sec. 17. No person shall be eligible to the office of judge of any court of this State who is not a citizen of the United States, and who shall not have resided in this State five years next preceding hla election, and who shall not, at the time of his election, reside In the di vision, circuit or county In which he shall be elected. No person shall bo elected judge of the supreme court who is not, at tho time of his election, thirty years of age, nor shall any person be elected judge of the circuit or county court who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years at the time ofhis election. Bbc. IS. The qualified electors of each county in this State shall elect a clerk of the circuit court except in the county of Cook, in which four clerks shall, In like manner, be elected, one of whom shall be chief clerk; each of said clerks shall hold his office for the term of fgur years, aud until hia successor shall have been elected and qualified, and shall perform such duties and receive such compen sation as may be prescribed by law; JPro&kfed, that alter the first election held under this con . stitntlon, the office of two of tbe clerks of the circuit court of Cook county shall be va cated In two years, and two in tour years, to be determined by lot. • Sbc. 19. Appeals and writs of error may be taken and prosecuted from the circuit court of any county to the supreme court held in the division which includes such conmy, or by agreement of the parties, to the supreme court in any other division. Sec. 20. All judicial officers shall be com missioned by the Governor. Sec. 21. In all counties in this State having a population exceeding thirty-five thousand, there shall be dc.ded, at the gener al election for State and county officers, a re corder of deeds and conveyances, and in coun ties having a population exceeding onehno dred thousand, there shall be elected a pro bate judge andaprobate clerk, who shall bold their office lor four years, and until their suc cessors shall be elected and qn,lilted, and who shall perform such duties and receive such compensation io fees as shall he prescribed by law; P/ orided, that in the last named coun titsno person shall IoM any couutyoffice cre ated by this constitution, except that of judge or justice of the peace for two snecess ive'fcmjs. Sec. 22. There shall be established iu each county in this State a court, to be called a county court, the organization and jurisdic tion of which shall dc uniform throughout the elate. Sec. 23. The said county court shall con sist of one judge, who shall be elected by the qualified voters of each county, and bold his office for the term of four years, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified, and he shall receive such compensation, to be paid out of the county treasury, as shall be pre scribed by law. Sec. 24. The said courts shall have probate jurisdiction, aud such other civil jurisdiction as may be conferred by law, and also jurisdic tion in criminal cases not extending to death or imprisonment in the penitentiary, without any presentment or indictment from a grand jury*. Provided, That sold jurisdiction shall not extend to any order for the sale of real es tate, except for taxes, or to any proceeding; or suit affecting the title to real estate, or tcTany franchise, or to actions for libel, slander, ma licious prosecutions or seduction. Sec. 25. The said court shall have exclusive appellate jurisdiction in all cases arising in justices’ courts, and appeals and writs of error may be taken and prosecuted therefrom to the Circuit and supreme courts, aud injunctions returnable to the circuit court may be granted in such manner as may be provided bylaw. Sec. 2d. There shall be elected in each coun ty, by tbe qualified voters thereof, a clerk of the county court, and a county attorney, who sball hold their respective offices for the term of four years, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified, whose duties and compensation shall be regulated by law. Sec. 27. There shall be elected by tbe quill - Ced electors of each county, a sheriff and a coroner, who shall hold their respective offices for the term of two years, and until their suc cessors sball be elected aud qualified. Sec. 28. Two justices shall be elected in each county not having township organiza tion, by the qualified electors thereof, and shall hold their offices ior the term of four years, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified, and wbo, together with the county judge, shall form aconrfc for the management of the business of the counties, and shall hold such terms, perform such duties and receive such compensation as may be prescribed bv law. Sec. 20. There shall he elected in each coun ty in till?. State, in such dlstrictsaa the general assembly may direct, by the qualified electors thereof, a competent number of justices of the peace, who shall hold theirofiices lor the term of four years, and until their successors shall be elected and qualified, and perform such duties, and receive such compensation, and exercise such jurisdiction as may be prescribed by law. But the jurisdiction of suco, justices sliallfcbe uniform throughout the State, ami ?hal] he limited to cases where the judgment shall not exceed one hundred dollars: Provid ed, that the general assembly shall have power to confer jurisdiction upon justices of the peace to punish by imprisonment for a time not exceeding thirty days. Sec. 30. The election of officers and the HlVnig of all vacancies that may happen by death, resignation, removal, or failure to qual ify,not provided for by this constitution, shall be In such manner as the general assembly shall direct: Provided, that no such officer shall be elected by the general assembly. Sec. 31. County judges, clerks, sheriffs, and other county officers, for willful neglect of duty, or misdemeanor in office, shall be lia ble to presentment or indictment, by a grand jury, and a trial by a petit jury, and upon conviction shall be removed front office. Sec. 32. All process, writs and other pro ceedings shall run in the name and style of “ The People of the State of Illinois.” All prosecutions shall be carried on ” In the name and by the authority of the People of the State of Illinois,” and conclude, “ against the peace and dignity ot the people of'the Stale of Illinois.” Sec. 33. The general assembly shall im pose a tax on all civil suits, except suits bc lorc justices of the peace, which shall consti tute a fund to be applied toward the payment of the salaries of judges and other expenses of courts, and which tax shall be uniform throughout the State. Sec. ‘-14. The amount arising from said tax, so imposed upon suits, in the county courts shall be paid into the county treasury, to be applied toward the payment of the salaries of the county judges aud county attorneys, and any excess after the payment'of their salaries, together with taxes imposed upon suits in the supreme aud circuit courts, shall be paid into the State treasury. ARTICLE VII. P.EVEXFE. Section 1. The general assembly, whenever it shall be deemed necessary, shall’cause to be collected Irom all able-bodied, free white male inhabitants of this State, over the ago of twenty-one years, and under the age of sixty years, a capitation tax of not leas than fifty cents, nor more than one dollar each. Sec. 2, The general assembly shall provide for levying a tax by valuation,’ so that every person and corporation shall pav a lax In pro portion to the value of the property of such person or corporation—suen value to be as certained by some officer to be elected or ap pointed, in such manner a: the general assem bly shall direct; but the general assembly shall have power to tax peddlers, auctioneers, brokers, hawkers, merchants, commission merchants, showmen, jugglers, inn-keepers, grocerv-keopers, toll-bridges and ferries, and persons using and exercising franchises and privileges. Sec. o. The property of the State and of counties, real and personal, and such other property as the General Assembly mat* deem necessary for school, religious and charitable purposes, may, by general law, be exempted from taxation. Sec. 4. The corporate authorities of coun ties, cities, towns, villages, school districts and townships, may be vested, bv srcneral law, gwith power to assess and collect uxosibr corporate purposes, and such taxes shall be uuitorm in respect to persons and property within tbe limbs of the corporate body im posing the same; and the General Assembly shall require that all property within the limits of municipal corporations, belonging to individuals or corporations, shall be taxed for the payment of debts contracted under au thority of law. Sec. 5. Tbe General Assembly may provide for thetaxation of any otherproperty or subjects not herein specified, iu such manner as may be consistent with the principles of taxation, as fixed in this constitution. Sec. 6. The General Assembly may provide that aX taxes and assessments for State, coun ty, city, school; or any other purpose, mav be collected by the same Denson. Sec. 7. Ken after no purchaser of any land or town lot, at any sale of lands or town lots, for taxes due either to this State or any coun ty, or incorporated town or cily within the Kime; or at any sale for taxes or levies author ized by the laws of this State, skill be entitled to a deed for the land or town lot so pur chased until he or she shall have complied with the following conditions, to-vrlt: Such purchaser shall serve, or cause to be served, a vriUen notice of such purchase on everv per -r>n in posH ssjon of such land or town lot, at Icrst three months before the expiration of the time of redemption on such gale: ia which notice he shall state when he purehised the Iflml «-rtown lot, the description of the land or town lot he has purchased, and when the time of redemption will expire. In like man ner he shall serve on the person or persons iu whose name or names such land or lot ia taxed, a similar written notice, if such person or persons shall reside in the county where such lard or lot shall be situated; aud in the event that the person or persons in whose name or names the land or Jot is taxed, do not reside in the county, such purchaser shall publish such notice in some ne*v paper printed in such county; and if no newspaper is printed in the county, then ia the nearest newspaper that is published hi rids State to tho county in which such Land or lot Is situated, which notice shallhe inserted three limes, the last time not less than throe months before the time of redemption shall expire. Every such purchaser, by himself or agest, shall, before he shall be entitled to a deed, make an affidavit of hla having compiled with tie conditions of this section, stating particularly the facts relied on as such compli ance ; which affidavit shall be delivered to the person authorized by law to execute such tax deed, and which shall by him be filed with the officer having custody of tbe records of lands and lots sold for taxes and entries of redemp tion in the county where such laud or lotshall lie. to be, by such officer, entered on the rec ords of his office, and carefully preserved among the files of lus office; and which record or affidavit shall be prima facie evidence that such notice has been given. Any person swear big falsely in such affidavit, shall be deemed guilty ot perjury, and punished accordingly. In case any person shall be compelled under this section to publish a notice In a nevrspa* jh r, then before any person who may have a right to redeem such loud or lot from‘tax sale, shall he permitted to redeem, he or she shall pay the officer or person who by law is authorized to receive such redemption money, the printer's fee for publishing such notice, end the expenses of swearing or affirming to the affidavit, and filing the same. Sec. 8. The General Assembly ah all provide that nil special and general taxes and assess ments levied by virtue of any law of this Slate, shall become due upon a certain day; and also for their payment into the treasury on some certain day I And after the day of payment the names of all defaulters, with the amount of their defalcation, and the names of their sureties, shall be reported to the at torney-general, or county, city or other attorney for such proceedings under sack penalties as may be by law provided. Seo. 9. Tho general assembly shall lay an uniform tax upon the circulation of all banks in this State, which may claim the right to issue bills after the adoption of this constitu tion. ARTICLE VTH. ELECTIONS—EIGHT OB SUFFRAGE, Section X. Every white male citizen above the age of twenty-one years, who may have been a resident of this State one year next preceding any election, shall be entitled to vote at such election; and eveiy white male inhabitant of the age aforesaid, who shall have been a resident of this State one year nest preceding the adoption of this constitution, shall have the right of voting as aforesaid: xToi'ided, that such citizen or inhabitant vote only In the election district where he resides, and shall have resided sixty days nest preceding such election; and ho other qualifi cation shall be required of a voter. Sec. 2. All votes shall be given by ballot. Ssot 3. Electors-shall, in nil cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be pnr jlcged from arrest during their attendance at elections, and in going to and returning from the same. Sec. 4. No elector shall be obliged to do militia duty on the days of election, except in time of war or public danger. Sec. 5. No elector shall be deemed to have lost his residence In this State by reason of his absence on the business of the Uuited States, or of this State. Sec. 0. No soldier, seaman, or marine, la the army or navy of the United Stater, shall be deemed a resident of this State in conse quence of bung stationed at any military or naval place within the State. Sec. 7. No person shall be elected or ap pointed to any office in this State, civil or military, who is not a citizen of the United States,’and who shall cot have resided in this State one year next before tae election or ap pointment. Sec. S. The General Assembly shall have full power to pass laws excluding from the right of suffrage, and from holding office, per sons convicted of infamous measures. Sec. 9. The general elections shall be held on the Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, biennially, until otherwise provi ded bv law. ARTICLE IX. CORPORATIONS, Section 1. The General Assembly moy pass general laws, uniform in operation, for the erection of corporations: but shall not have power to create any corporation by special act. Sec. 2. The general assembly may, by gene ral laws uniform in their operation, provide for amending, revising, renewing, extending and enlarging existing charters; but shall pass no special act for any such purpose: Ptrrvided, That the general assembly shall pass no law for the amendment, revival, extension or re newal cf any bank charter or uf the charter of any corporation or association with any pow ers of circulation or deposit, or other banking powers In this State. w Sec. 3. No person who has been, or may be, in default as a collector or holder of monevs belonging to any municipal corporation of this State, shall hold any office in this State, or In any such corporation, until he shall have paid the full amount of said moneys and re ceived his full discharge therefor. Sec. 4. The rolling stock and ail other move able property belonging to any railroad com pany or corporation in this State, shall be con sidered personal property, and shall be liable ,to execution, and sale, in the same manner as the personal property of individuals, and the general assembly shall pass no law exempting any such property from execution and sale. Sec. 5. All acts of incorporation herctorfore passed, under which the corporators shall not organize, and commence business pursuant to the acts of incorporation, within one year alter the adoption of this constitution, shall be null and void. Sec. 6. Every corporation organized or do ing business under the laws or authority of this State, in this State, shall have a pub lic place within this State for the transaction of Its business, and an agent or agents duly authorized to transact the business of the same at such place. ARTICLE X. education. Section 1. The general assembly shall en courage, by all suitable means, the promotion of intellectual, scientific, moral and agricul tural improvement. Sec- 2. The principal of all funds and mo neys arising from the sole of lands and other property which have been orraay hereafter bo granted, entrusted or donated to this •State, for educational purposes, shall forever be held inviolate: and the income arising tbercxr.uu shall be apxdlcd to the support of common schools. Sec. 3. The General Assembly shall provide torn uniform, thorough and efficient'system of free schools throughout the State. Sec. 4. There shall be a state superintend ent of public instruction, who shall be elected at the. same time and in the same manner as members of the General Assembly, who shall hold his office for two years, and until his sue* ccssor shr.il be elected and qualified : whose power?, duties and compensation shall be pro scribed by law; which compensation shall not be altered during his term of office, and he shall receive no other allowance whatever. ARTICLE XI. COUNTIES*—TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION. Sec. 1. Xo new county shall be formed or established by the General Assembly which will reduce the county or counties, or cither of them, from which it shall be taken, to less contents than four hundred square miles; nor shall any county be formed of less contents; nor shall any line thereof pass within less than ten miles of any county seat of the county or counties proposed to be divided. ' Sec. 2. Mb county shall be divided, or have any part stricken therefrom, without submit ting the question to a vote of the people of the county, nor unless a majority of all the legal voters of the county voting on the ques tion shall vote for the same. Sec. S. All territory which has been or may be stricken olf, by legislative enactment, from any organized county or counties, for the pur pose of forming a new county, ai.d which shall nmain unorganized after the period provided for such organization, shall be and remain a part of the county or counties from which it was originally taken, for all ptirposesof county ard State government, until otherwise provi ded by law. Sec. 4. There shall be no terrilorv stricken from any county unless a majority of the legal voters living in such territory shall petition for such division ; and no territory shall be added to any county without the consent of a majority of the voters of the county to which it is proposed to be added. Sec. 5. Xo county seat shall be removed until the place to which it is proposed to bo removed shall be fixed according to law, and a majority of the legal voters of the county shall have voted in favor of its removal to such place. Sec. C. The general assembly ahull provide, by general law, for township organization, under winch any county ruay org.inizc when ever a majority of the* legal voters of such county, at any general election, shall so deter mine, and whenever any county shall adopt township organization, so much of this consti tution as provides for the management oftUc fiscal concerns of said county by the county conrt may he dispensed with, and the affairs of said county may be transacted iu such maimer as the general assembly may provide. Sec. T. Upon the petition of one hundred of the legal voters of any county in this State, having township organization, the board ot supervisors of such county shall submit the question of township organization to a vote, at the general election lor members of the general assembly next suceccdingthe present ation of such petition, and if a majority of all the votes cast upon that question shall be against township organization, then such or ganization shall cease in said couuty; and all laws in force in relation to counties not having township organization, shall immediately take effect, and be in force in such county. Sec. S. The general assembly shall, by gen eral law, fix the compensation of the super visors of the several counties, for each day they may be iu session, and their mileage: and do other compensation or allowance shall be made. ARTICLE XXL MILITIA. Sec. 1. The militia of the State of Illinois shall consist of all free, male, able-bodied per sons, (negroes, mulattoes and Indians except ed,) resident ol the State, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five years, except such per sons as now are or hereafter miy be exempt ed by the laws of the United States orof this State; and shall be armed, equipped and train ed ns the General Assembly may provide by law. Sec. 2. No person or persons, conscientious ly scrupulous of bearing arms, shall be com pelled to do militia duty in time of peace: Provided, such person or persons shall pav an equivalent for uuch exemption. Sec. 3. Company, battalion, and regimental officers (stuff officers excepted) shall he elected by the persons oompo iug their several com panies, I a - ta ; iocs and regiments. Sec. 4. Brigadier and Major-Generals sh ill be elected by the officers of their brigades and divisions respectively. Sue. 5. AU militia officers shall be coui missior.cd by the governor, and mav hold their commissions for such time os the legis lature may provide. Sec. t*. Tae militia shall, in all cases, except trer-soD, felony, or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest daring their attendance at musb-rs, and elections ol’ officers, and in. going to and reluming from the same. ARTICLE XIU. COMMONS. All lands which have been granted as a “common,” to the inhabitants of any town, hamlet, village or coporation, by any person, body politic or corporate, or by any govern ment having power to make such grant, shall forever remain common to the inhabitants of such town, hamlet, village or corporation; but the sad commons, or any of them, or any part thereof, may be divided, leased, or grant ed, In such manner as may hereinafter be pro vided by law, on petition of a majority of the qualified voters interested in each commons, or any of them. ARTICLE XIV. HOMESTEADS—EXEMPTIONS. The general assembly shall pass all neces sary laws for exempting from levy and forced sale, tinder any process or order of any court of law or equity in this State, except lor non payment of taxes or assessments, or for a debt or liability incurred for the purchase or im provement thereof, a liberal homestead to every householder having a family, such ex emption to continue after the death or deser tion of such householder, for the benefit of the wife or widow and fanriy, until the young est child becomes twenty-one years of age, and until the death of such wife or widow; also, all such laws as may be necessary to effectual ly exempt the real and personal property of married women, acquired before marriage, and all property they may earn by their personal exertions, or to which they may become enti tled In any manner whatever, after marriage, except by voluntary, fraudulent conveyances or transfers, from the husband, to the wife or to a trustee or trustees, for the use of the wife from all liability for the debts, obligations or engagements of the husband. ARTICLE XV. STATE INSTITUTIONS. Section 1. Institutions forthc'cducation of the deaf and dumb, and of the blind, and also for the treatment of the insane, shall always be fostered and supported by the State, and be subject to such regulations as may bo pre scribed by the general assembly. Sec, 2. The trustees of the benevolent and other State institutions shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice of tbe senate; and upon all nominations made by the governor the question shall be taken by yeas and nays, and entered upon the journal oi the senate: Provided, that the governor shall have the power to fill all vacancies that mar occur in said offices until the next session of the general assembly, and until a successor to his appointee shall be confirmed and quali fied. ARTICLE XTL AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION". Section L Whenever two-thirds of all the members elected to each branch of -the gener al assembly shall think It necessary to after or amend this constitution,they shall recommend' to the electors at the next election of members of the general assembly, to vote for or against, a convention.; and if it shall appear that a mar Jority of all the electors of the state voting at said election hare voted for a conveutlon,*th'i general assembly shall, at their next session' call a convention, to consist of as many mem! hers as the house of representatives shall have at the time of making said call,to be chosen iu the same manner, at the same place, and bv the same electors, in the same districts as the members of the house of representatives shall be chosen, and which convention shall meet within three months after the said election, for the purpose of revising, altering or amend ing this constitution ; ana the members there - of shall take an oath to support the Constitu tion of the United States, and to faithfully dis charge their duty in revising, altering or amending this constitution. And all altera tions, revisions and amendments made by said convention, sin-II be submitted to the people for adoption or rejection, in such manner as the convention may prescribe. Sec. 2. Any amendment or amendments to this constitution may be proposed in either branch of the General Assembly; and if the same shall be agreed to by two-thirds of all the members elect in each of the two houses, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be referred to the next regular session of the General Assembly, and shall be published at lest three months previous to the time of holding the next election for members of the House of Representatives; and if, at the next regular session of the General Assembly, after said election, a majority of all the members elect iu each branch of the General Assembly shall agree to said amendment or amendments, then it shall be their duty to submit the same to the people at the nest general election for their adoption or rejection, in such manner as may be prescribed by law, and if a majority ef all the the electors voting at such election, for members of the house of representatives shall vote for such amendment or amend ments, the same shall become a part of the constitution. But the General Assembly shall not have power to propose an amendment or amendments to more than two articles of the constitution at the same session. AKTICLE XYiJ. BANES AND CUBRHNCV. Section 1. No bank, banking corporation, or any association or corporation, with powers of circulation or deposit, or any other bank leg powers, shall hereafter be created in this State. Tiffs section shall take effect and be iu force immediately, as a portion of the consti tution of this State, and the same shall be and remain in. for e as such, unless rejected by the people, upon the vote hereafter to be taken for or against the adoption of the same, aa provi dedlntlus constitution. See. 2. The General Assembly shall have no power to pass any law whereby the charter of any of the existing banks, banking corpora tions, or any association or corporation with any banking powers iu this State, shall be re vived, enlarged, extended or renewed, or whereby any of said bonks, banking corpora tions, association or corporation with any banking powers, shall acquire any rights or privileges which they do not now possess under the constitution of this State, and the laws passed in pursuance thereof! Sec. 3. No bank bill, cheek, draft, note or other written or printed instrument, ot & less denomination than ten dollars, for the pay ment of money or other valuable thing, in tended to circulate as money or currency, issued by or drawn on any bonk, banking cor poration, or any association or corporation with any banking powers, within or without this State, shall be uttered or passed within this State: and after the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, no such bill, check, draft, note, written or printed instrument of a less denomination than twenty dollars shall be uttered or passed in this State; and after the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, no such bank bill, check, draft, note, written or printed instrument of any kino, character or denom ination whatever, shall bo uttered or passed in this State. Sec. 4. The general assembly of this Stab* shall, at its first session after the adoption of this constitution, pass a law imposing such tines, forfeitures and penalties forvioluions of section three of this article as it may deem best calculated to enforce the same. Sec. 5. The auditor is hereby prohibited from receiving from any bank, person or asso ciation of persons formed, or that may here after be formed, under the provisions of the act of the general assembly of this State, enti tled, u An act to establish a general system of banking,” passed February the fifteenth, in the year of oar Lord one thousand eight hun dred and fifty-one, or any act amendatory thereof, any stock or bonds for the purpose of issuing therefor bank bills or notes intended to circulate as money or currency. This sec tion shall take i licet and be in force immedi ately ns an amendment to the constitution of this State; and the same shall be and remain in force as such unless rejected by the people, upon the vote hereafter to bo 'taken for or against the adoption, of the same, as provided in this constitution. Seo.O. Xo corporation with powers of bank ing by discounting hills, notes or other evi dences of indebtedness, receiving deposits, buying and selling "old and silver bullion, foreign coins and bills ol exchange, loaning money on real or personal security, with any ot .-aid power?, or any powers incidental there to, shall hereafter be created or formed in this State. Sec. T. Xo act of the General Assembly shall ever be passed reviving or renewing any association or corporation heretofore incor porated possessing or assuming the banking power?, or any of them, specified in secrion six of this article, or extending the time of the existence of any suds association or corpora tion beyond the lime fixed by the acts incor porating or chartering such association or corporation. ARTICLE IS. NEGROES AM) MVI.ATTOF,.-. Sec. 1. Xo negro or mulatto shall migrate to or bcttilu ia this Slate, after the adoption of this Constitution. Sec. 2. Xo negro or mulatto shall have the right of suffrage, or hold auv office in tuU Stale. Sec. 3. The general assembly shall pass all laws necessary to cany into effect the provis ions of this article. ARTICLE XIX. COMOREsSIONM. AProRTIC»C3tF.>T. For the purpose of electing from the State of Illinois, fourteen representatives to the con gress of the United States, to which number the State of Illinois is entitled, the following congressional district 3 shall be. and are here by established, to be known as districts first, second, third, fourth, filth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thir teenth and fourteenth. The first district shall he composed of the coun ties of Alexander, Failaski. Massac, Union. John son. Pope, Hardin, Jackson, Williamson, Saline, Gallatin, Hamilton. White, Franklin and Perry. The second district, of the counties of Crawford, Jarpor, Clay, Richland, Lawrence. Wayne, Ed wards, Wabash. Effingham, Fayette, Marion, Jeff ers-on and Bond. The third district of the counties of St. Clair. Washington, Clinton, Monroe. Randolph and Mad ison. The fonrth district, of the counties of Christian. Montgomery, Macon. Moultro. Shelby, Cumber land, Cole?, Douglas. Clark and Edgar.* The lift la district, of tho counties of Macowpin, Sancamon, Jersey, Greene, Scott, Morgan, Menard and I'a’ihoun. The sixth district, of the counties of Hancock. Adams. McDonough. Brown and Piho. The Mrventh district, of the candies of Peons, Tazewell. Fulton, Cass, Schuyler and Mason. The eighth district, of the counties of Vermilion, Champaign, Plait. Logan. DeWitt. McLean, Ford. Iroquois, and Liviqgoiuu. The x: tnth district, of tho counties of Woodford, Marshall. LaSalle, Putnam. Bureau and Stark. The tenth district, of tho counties of Kuor, Warrcr-. Henderson, Mercer. Rock Island and Henry. 'll v .• ,-*vcjnth district, of the counties of Kaa kuk. <■. Vv ill. Grundy, Kendall, Kao** and DnPage. The Twelfth district, of the coitrr.'u*-> of D-jKalb, Lee. XVhiK—ide, Cnrmli, Ogle and Jo I>av;e*s The thirteenth district, of the counties of Lake, MclKnry, Borne V.’xsmebtigo and Stephenson. The fourteenth district, of the county of took. One-n-pnsvniative to the Congress of the Ui ift-c! Suites shall be elected iu each of the di-riicl-btfbrv• enumerated, on the Tuesday af*«*r the first. Motuluy oi November, in the jiur ol our Lord one" thousand eight- hundred sixty-two, and oue iu each of said dis tricts overy two years thereaficr, until changed by the general :i»~emr ly, after the adaption of thi* eonst'tu'ion. Such elections shall be held, and returns thereof made and canvassed, as is now, or may hereafter be provided by law. ARTICLE XX. AI'I’OKTIONIW ENT. Section L After the population of the State shall amount to three million of soffia the general assembly may add four members to the bouse of representatives and oue member to the senate, and thereafter five additional members, apportioned in iho same manner, for every million of inhabitants, until the whole number of members in both branches shall be one hundred and fifty, after which, the number shall neither be increased nordl mihislud. Sec. 2. Until there shall be a new appor tionment of senators and representatives the State shall be divided into senatorial andrep reseotvive districts, and the senators and rep resentatives ehulX be apportioned among the several districts, as follows, viz.: SENATORIAL DISTSICTS. 1. The counties of Lake, McGeury and Boone shall constitute the fln?t senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 2. The counties of Winnebago and Stephens©* shall constitute the second senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 3. The counties of Carroll, Whiteside and Jo liavleas f-hall constitute the third senatorial dis trict, and be entitled to one senator 4. The counties of Lee. Ogle and DeKalb shaH constitute the fourth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. D. The counties of Kane, Kendall and DuPage shall constitute the iifth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 6. The towns of Bloom. 'Rich. Thornton,Bremen, ptland, Lament, Palos, Worth, Hyde Park. Lake. Lyons, and South Chicago, in the county of 'ook, and tbe first, second, third and fourth’ wards ot the city of Chicago, shall constitute tbe sixth senatorial and he entitled to one senator, 7. The fifth, sixth and tenth wards of the city of Chicago, and the towns cf West Chicago, Cicero and Proviso, in Cook county, shall constitute the sovcaib senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. . , 8. The seventh, eighth, and ninth words or the city of Chicago, and the towns of Lake View, Jefibrton, Leyden, Evanston, Niles, Maine, Elk Grove, Schamberg. Hanover, Barrington. Palatine, Wheeling, Northflold and New Trior, is. Cook county, shall constitute the eighth senatorial dis trict. and he entitled to one senator. 9. The counties of WHL Grundy and Kankakee shall constitute the ninth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 10. The county .of LaSalle shall constitute the tenth senatorial district, aim bo entitled to one senator. , „ 11. The counties of Bureau, Putnam and Stark shall constitute the eleventh senatorial district, and be entitle<fto one senator. 18. The counties of Bcnry,Rock Island and "Mer cer shall constitute the twelfth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 13. The counties of Warren and Knox con stitute the thirteenth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 14. Hie counties of Hancock. Henderson and Schuyler shall constitute the 14th senatorial dis trict, and be entitled Co one senator. 15. The counties of Fulton and McDonough shall constitute the fifteenth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. 15. The counties of Peoria and Marshall sbaQ. cototJtute thC" Sixteenth senatorial district, and bo entitled to one senator. The counties of Tazewell. Mason, Logan and Woodiordshall constitute the seventeenth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator. -13. The. counties of Livingston, McLean and Do- Witt shall constitute the eighteenth senatorial district, and be entitled to one senator.' 19. The cosntiet of Iroquois, Toed, TerauUoa,