Chicago daily tribune. [volume], March 09, 1863, Image 2

About Chicago daily tribune. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1860-1864

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'Chicago tribune.
MONDAY, 3LVRCH 9, 1803.
!TBE WEST SEEKING A NEW OUT
LET TO THE SEA-BOIBD.
Tbo construction of the HUnois Ship Canal, and
the further enlargement of the Erie Canal, were
premised upon Congress as a warmcasnro, rendered
andippeneablcby that clause in our treaty with
Cieat Britain, which prohibits either nation from
tecping more thaw one armed vessel on the Jakes.
however, since these measures have railed,
commercial men of Illinois arc indignant because
3t will prevent them from having* cheap outlet to
the Atlantic. So that all the zeal which they have
Shown for these tear measures bad a pecuniary
lather than a patriotic basis 1
It is to be /earea that an immense deal of the
floating patriotism of the day rises no higher than
the breeches pocket. —Albany Evening Journal.
Let not the Evening journal talk about
“floating patriotism*’ In Illinois, with over
12,000 surplus soldiers in the field, until
Hew York shall hate supplied her deficit
of more than SO,OOO. Nothing but the
conscription act, vigorously enforced, will
'bring her np to the required standard.
There are a set of men In New York, in
spired by organs of opinion like the Em
yiingJotirnalfitwhomEred Conkling is a fair
specimen, who arc unwilling to do any
thing to relieve the oppressive burden
Which has been placed upon the product
ive industry of the West That industry
pays to the common carriers of New York
more than $50,000,000 each year, to the
State nearly $4,800,000 in tolls, and fur
nishes to her ships about, three-fourths of
their freights. No wonder her commis
sion-merchants, and bankers, and ship
owners should be content with the existing
order of things, for they know that our
products can move through no channel at
present so cheaply as this. The West fur
.jiishcs twelve-thirteenths of the freight
passing through the Erie Canal; and in
that proportion she must pay for its main
tenance, the accruing interest on the debt,
and, ultimately, the principal The West
has poured into New York a trade' more
profitable than that of cotton, which has
Saved* that city from commercial bank
ruptcy. But between the value of the in
dustry of the one section and that of the
other, there is a most marvellous contrast
According to the census oflß6o, the value of
the annual products of industry of New
York, with her 3,800,000 people, was $379,-
600,000; while that of the eight food-pro
ducing States, with their 9.000,000 of peo-
pie, 1 was' over JkjU.OOO.OOO; or, in other
words, the value of the industry of a New
Torkcrwas more than twice as great as
that of a ‘Westerner. You may
talk about capital, machinery, skilled labor
and commerce; but still, with this great
Jlct staring us in the face, we cannot ar
live at any other conclusion than this,
that the industry of one section is enriched
at the expense of that of another. Nature
has bestowed upon us a healthy climate
and a soil of unsurpassed fertility. In no
region of the earth does the farmer receive
a more abundant reward for lus toil; and
yet,whether great or small,the surplus value
Is used up in freights and commissions in
its transit to the sea-board. Notwith
standing the food-producing States within
the past ten years have more than dupli
cated their population, and nearly dupli
cated the areaof land subdued and brought
Under cultivation; yet those lauds'have
not within that period been enhanced In
Value; in fact, they have rather deprecia
ted. Such is the state of affairs at the
West
Turn now to New York. The broker
goes into Wall street, and by a single oper
ation in railway shares makes his ten or
twenty thousand dollars; the shipowner
sends out a cargo of breadstuff's and pro
visions and pockets a handsome sum; the
Importer finds a ready sale for his pack
ages of silks and ribbons, and Auditor Ben
ton felicitates the State, in his annual re
port, on the unprecedented revenue of the
Erie Canal. This is all very lovely; but do
these New York gentlemen reflect how far
Wckcm products have swelled the receipts
of the railways and canals—how far they
have contributed to freight their vessels
and to pay for the importations? Have
they considered that, of all other domestic
products sent abroad, the amount is only
f90,000.000 out of $212,000,000 ?
We have a word more to say in reference
to the canal tolls. These have increased
from $3,908,785 in 1861, to $5,188,913 in
1862, a sum nearly twice as great as is re
quired to pay the accruing interest apart
from maintenance. The value of products
passing through was $203,331,331 —about
the value of our foreign exports. Of this
. amount reaching tide water, there were
. 8,360,'083 barrels of flour, ofwhich 7(516,397
Came out of the Lakes, and only 813,685
from New York. The railway deliveries
Were not less than 5,300,000 more, making
a grand total of over 13,600,000 barrels.
. The West does not see the necessity of pay
- |ng 100 per cent, more tolls than are required
by the conditions of the canal debt. They are
i tired of paying to the common carriers 14
or 15 cents for the transportation of a
bushel of com or wheat from Buffalo to
New York, and of a voyage protracted to
fourteen or 'fifteen days, which ought to
occupy but nine or ten; and yet, when she
becomes restive under these burdens, and
Becks new outlets, the New York Tribune
denounces her people as “ Copperheads,”
and the Albany Evening Journal attributes
i to them “ a floating patriotism which rises
. Do higher than the breeches pocket.”
One .word os to military defense. We
liad hoped that Congress would authorize
Ihe construction of these works. It would
' bave opened an interior communication,
for the passage of our gunboats, between
. New York and New Orleans, nearly 3,250
tulles in extent, and have given the Govem
jnent the control of its vast system of navi
gable waters. It would have proved the
most feasible method of fortifying the
X-akes, for which purpose both, the river
and the seaboard fleet could be employed—
the one in the straits and the other in the
open water, in such a way as to render our
Supremacy unquestioned. All this could
have been done, and at the same time a
cheap and commodious outlet opened for
Ihe accommodation of the commerce of
lialf a continent. But another Congress
We hope will accomplish what the last bag
failed to do.
THE ONLY
HEI.P FOH ENGLISH
WOBKMEX
The distress in Europe—and especially
in Great Britain—occasioned by the rebel
lion, and the stoppage of the usual cotton
Supplies from this country,although decreas
ing in certain districts, is still -very great,
and •widely spread in its ravages. An
almost universal gloom of despair and
darkness reigns over those once happy and
prosperous abodes of industry and com
merce, and look where we will in the hori
zon of England, there seems to he no rain
bow of hope to cheer them, nor any im
mediate prospect of better times.
Any mere temporary relief cannot heal
this dreadful English trouble; and the
publicists of that country are already call
ing upon the workmen, as a matter of dire
necessity to themselves and their families,
to turn their attention to other emprises
of industry. This, however, is a thing
more easy to suggest than to accomplish.
It is no light matter for a man to abandon
the trade, or occupation to which his whole
.lime and talents have hitherto been devo
ted, take upon him the coils and burdens
of a new craft, and educate himself in it
with such efficiency, that he shall be able
to successfully compete with old and expe
rienced workmen.' Few would have pa
tience for bo disheartening a trial, and
fewer still would turn out masters in it; for
the employment might be wholly unfitted
to their talents, and a mere “Hobson’s
Choice” with them: u That, or none I"
Besides which no one could contemplate
Without pain and sorrow the great loss to
commerce'and civilization which the sud
den withdrawal of so much skilled labor
would prove itself to be. And wc have no
• notion of sanctioning suicide on so vast a
Zcale in this X9th ccntuiy, which is the
veiy * matrix of the inventive arts, and the
Daedalian fashioner of the semi-gods of
industry.
Nor, indeed, is there any, the slightest,
necessity to commit so gross an outrage.
If England is not large enough for her
surplus population, if she can no longer
find employment for her skilled laborers,
here is this great hospitable America ready
and willing to receive them all, and pay
them not European but American prices
for their industry.
The colonies of Great Britain are numer
ous enough, and wealthy in undeveloped
resources, but there is not one of them,
not even the Canadas, which is prepared
to give immediate and remunerative em
ployment to emigrating workmen. The
enginery, the capital and the enterprise are
wanting in these plantations of royalty*
whereas here they are abundant, and
wait only lor the cunning hands to work
them. • •
Nothing can he clearer than the advan
tage which would accrue to competent
workmen by a speedy emigration to this
country. In England they have to work
on half time, for miserably low wages,
and every article of food, and clothing is
taxed, out ofall proportion to income. By
coming here, they can manufacture what
they want, and grow what they want, and
thus save the tariff charges on both Bides
the Atlantic.
We consume evciy year more than two
hundred million dollars worth of English
goods, and for the most part, pay for them in
wheat, corn, and other staples, the produce
of our own soil. Why cannot these goods
be made here? It would surely be a great
saving in all ways, and tend vastly to
strengthen the backbone of the nation.
We need more mechanics to do the ever
increasing work in iron and steel, which
the growth and necessities of the country
require; and we are ready to receive them,
as soon as they are ready to come. It is
indeed the only plan with which we are
acquainted—this of emigration—to relieve
tbe pressure of the English labor market.
During the course of ten years, from the
date of the Irish famine in 1846, two mil
lions of Milesians found their way to these
shores, and profitable employment, also.
This immense wave of emigration, com
bined with the tragedies of the famine, re
duced the population of the “ Green Isle,”
so considerably that the balance remaining
at home found it tar easier to obtain a liveli
hood.
Anti ** TTWlii artisans
left in England, of a million, or more,'bf
her various craftsmen were to come here
for a home.
There are other reasons, of great import
ance to the Republic, why we should de
sire these skilled and educated Englishman
to take up their abode here. We do not
wish to disparage the Irish—but it is clear
that nearly all the Catholic portion of them
are from tradition, and through the influ
ence of example, the* natural allies of
the pro-slavery Copperhead Democracy;
and no sooner do they set foot upon these
shores, than they are seized upon by the
demagogues of this faction as their lawful
prey.
Englishmen on the contrary, to speak
—bom anti-slavery men, and could never
join themselves to any other than the party
of Freedom, because it is the counterpart
of the great Reform party in England, who
have won all the triumphs of liberty, which
the history of that country has put upon
the records of civilization.
English artizans, therefore, may be sure
of a hearty welcome when they decide for
themselves that here, and here only, is
their true El Dorado.
THE GEORGIAN BAT CANAL.
As citizens oftthc Northwest it docs not
become us to take sides in the discussion
now sure to become active in Canada, as
to the merits of the Georgian Bay and the
Ottowa routes for a ship canal between the
great lakes and the ocean. What the
Northwest needs are new and greatly In
creased-facilities of transit for her products
to the markets of Europe, and our Cana
dian neighbors alone have the right to de
termine which; if any, they will open for
their own and for our benefit. For the in
formation, however, of all those on both
rides of the line who are interested in the
work, we publish a communication from
Rivas Tully, Esq., of Toronto, Civil Engi
neer. It comes froma source which should
command for it respectful consideration.
That the Georgian Bay route has several
important advantages over its competitor,
must be admitted by all who have com
pared the two routes. It lies from one to
two degrees further south, and therefore
navigation on it would continue two, per
haps four, weeks longer than by the more
northern route.. There would be 430 miles
of close navigation ontbe Ottowa where
sails would be nearly useless, while there
are but 77 miles of canal and slack-water
navigation between the Georgian Bay and
Toronto. For a large portion of tbc way
the Ottowa route runs through a non-pro
ducing region, while that west of Toronto
is among the finest in Canada. But these
and all other matters of difference will be
canvassed by our Canadian neighbors, and
in their decision the West will cheerfully
acquiesce.
A FRIEND INDEED,
It is refreshing amid the storms of false
hood, scurrillity and objurgation, that are
just now showered upon theßepublic,to find
a few men in foreign lands who dare tell
the world the truth about the contest that
our people arc waging against barbarism.
Of these,. Hon. Geo. Brown, of Toronto,
whose speech in a recent anti-slavery con
vention in the city of his residence, is be
fore us, deserves the warmest thanks and
most grateful remembrance of our country
men. With the intelligence to compre
hend the cause and nature of the contest,
and with tie courage to utter Ms convic
tions, he is really a valued and a reliable
friend. We thank him for his generous
words and good wishes.
The lifew Bank BUI.
In the course of the debate on the Bonk
bill before Congress, Senator Sherman stated
that in the year 18G1, the aggregate bank cir
culation of the country amounted fr» about
$200,000,000. Of this amount, only $30,000,-
000 was secured. The remainder, about
$170,000,000, was unsecured, except some
$7,000,000 or $8,000,000, the greater portion
of which was issued by Irresponsible persons,
under cover of local banking laws.
In November, 18C3, the circulation in the
loyal States was $167,000,000. The State se
curities for amount of bank currency
were something near $40,000,000; leaving
over $120,000,000 Inadequately provided for.
In only nine of the States out of the thirty
four has the principle of securing payment of
circulation by tbebanks, by State bonds, been
adopted. In some of the loyal States where
this regulation has prevailed as a basis of
issue and circulation, tbc bonds of the States
now In rebellion were included in the securi
ties. The past few years, in 1837 and 1857
especially bring to mind suspensions and fail
ures, the result, in part, of unregulated bank
expansions and contractions, and a want of
proper basis, often involving in ruin institu
tions and individuals of long standing and
reputation.
In the State of Illinois alone, the failures of
banks numbered eigbly-nine within the last
two years, and their paper Is reduced from
one hundred per cent, to thirty-cight in some
instances. The great loss resulting from
these failures, of course falls upon the people,
who loan to these banks to the amount of the
notes they hold at the time of the failures.
Of the $14,000,000 of bank circulation created
by and in Illinois, two or three years ago, tho
people have lost three to four millions direct
ly, besides the indirect loss of as many mil
lions more by derangement of business and
ruin to private interests.
Emigrant Aid* Society Needed,
The American Consul at Liverpool has re
ceived a memorial of the distressed operatives
of Blackburn, In which It is suggested that
while wc do much good by sending food to
Lancashire, “ still more effective relief would
bo accomplished by aiding the sufferers to
come to America; that several thousand fam
ilies might he removed from Lancashire to
America In six months, with suitable aid, and
employed in the energetic development of the
inexhaustible (treasure which the Almighty
has placed at your disposal.” The memorial
asks for information of the kinds of employ
ment most easily obtained, to be communica
ted to the Emigration Committee' appointed
by that meeting. It suggests the adoption of
some plan of assistance to emigrants. In this
city, it was proposed some months ago, to
fohn on Association, which would transport
able-bodied emigrants and their families from.
Lancashire or any pirt qi Great Britain, to
this country, at the order of farmers and oth
ers, the association receiving its pay from the
earnings of the emigrant after his arrival in
this country, and providing him with a place
as soon as he lands.
The West will suffer during the
coming season for lack of labor, unless, in
some way, the strong arms and willing hearts
which arc on the other side of the ocean arc
brought to till its fields. Wo hope, now that
the Laneanehire operatives have themselves
! moved for tho establishment of an organized
emigration system,. ,wc .of the West will be.
found ready to do our part in. a work which,
w ill benefit generally the whole country, and
more particularly the Great West.
A Max IB KjfOWli BT THE COMTAXT He
Keeps. —We see it stated in the New York
papers without contradiction, that McClellan
has recently paid another social visit to
Richard Lathers at New Rochelle. Richard
Lathers is the Sonth Carolina merchant who,
at the Pine street meeting at the opening of
thewar, declared that if a question of sover
eignty should arise between the Government
and his State, he should owe his first alle
giance to South Carolida. Little Mac seldom
makes any mistake in the company he keeps.
His associates before the war were with
Beauregard, Davis, Breckinridge, Tancey &
Co.; his associations since have been supera
bundantly with suspected traitors and with
peace submissionlstß. The use he made of his
sword when in the field was entirely consist
ent with the sympathies of his companion
ships.
Bill fob th»-Collection of Aba>doxed
Pbopebtt.— Mr. Doolittle's amendement to
the bill for the collection of abandoned prop
erty and prevention of fraud in'insurrection
ary districts, which strikes out the section au
thorizing the Treasury agent to purchase cot
ton, rice, sugar, and tobacco in those dis
tricts, was agreed to on Monday, by a vote of
twenty-four yeas to fifteen nays, and the bill
passed.' The reason for this vote was that it
was not considered desirable to have the
Government become a great denier in these
articles of property, or to furnish means to
the rebels to buy munitions of war to carry
on the fight with.
pg" The. New Hampshire State and Con
gressional election will take place next Tues
day. The contest is progressing with terrific
spirit. The champions of both parties arc
canvassing the State thoroughly. Meetings
and public speaking arc incidents of nightly
.occurrence in the principal towns. Several
oT tfee , leading 'members, .of . Congress
from other States have left Washington since
the adjournment, to engage in tbfo exciting
canvass in New Hampshire. The Republicans
arc confident of carrying everything before
them, but the Democrats are working desper
ately.
Gauge of the Pacific Kaileoad. —The
subject of the gauge of the Pacific Railroad,
Laving been submitted to the President, be
adopted a width of track which did not cor
respond with that of any other road in the
countiy. Subsequently the Senate passed a
bill, which has been concurred in by the
House, fixing the gauge of this road at four
feet eight and a half inches—so os to agree
with the great majority of other lines. The bill
atnounts simply to a reversal of the Presi
dent's decision. It is not certain, therefore,
that he will be called upon to approve it.
IST A gang of blacklegs accompanied the
army paymasters to Hilton Head. General
Hunter put one of them—James Storey—a
bad name—at work with a ball and chain,
and in his fine clothes and kid gloves he pre
sented a ridiculous appearance. A sutler
named Beard, who took the chaps with him
ns clerks, has been ordered out of the depart
ment, and his goods confiscated. Here is
another opportunity for the New York Com
mon Connell to lionize these “ blessed Demo
cratic martyrs.”
At a meeting of the Democratic Asso
ciation, in New York city, on Tuesday even
ing, speeches were made by John McKcon
and James Brooks in Hivor of the right of se
cession, and against the “ wicked war” to put
down the rebellion. The audience hissed the
name of the President frequently, and loudly
applauded every reference to the “gallant”
State of South Carolina, “the State which
dared to vindicate its rights as a free and
sovereign State should.”
Gen. Pore’s Campaign.—ln answer to a
previous resolution, the Secretary of War has
transmitted to the House of Representatives
the official papers relating to Gen. Pope's
campaign in Virginia. These embrace the re
ports of all the Generals of Divisions and
Brigades, giving statements of casualties, to
gether with a mass of correspondence and
dispatches, many of which have been pub-
Ihhcd. The whole is to be printed, and will
make an interesting volume.
py A great deal Is said—generally by
those who pay nothing—about the extrava
gance of the War Department. The Nash
ville Union, in criticizing this fault finding
spirit calls attention to the fact, that the
Utah expedition, which consisted of 10,000
men, and lasted only a few months, cost six
millions of dollars. At the same rate, the cost
of the present war, with nearly ft million of
men, would, up to Ibis time, have been seven
billions of doUar*!
Louisiana Memreks.—To avoid legal diffi
culties in the admission of the newly elected
members from Louisiana, the House of Repre
sentatives of the United States passed a bill
authorizing the Governors of Louisiana and
Tennessee to issue writs of election according
to the laws of those States. It has bcenurged
against the admission of Messrs. Hahn and
Flanders, that the Governors who issued the
writs for their election, had no legal right to
do so. This bill remedies this difficulty.
Another Vibginia Sknator.—Under the
system of restoring seceded States thus tar
adopted, Bast Virginia does not cease to have
an organized State Government, In conse
quence of separating from it the new State of
West Virgina. The result will be that East
Virginia will give two new Senators, the cre
dentials of one of whom, Hon. Lemuel L
Bowden, were on Tuesday presented to the
Senate by Mr. Willey, whom he succeeds.
pW An army officer says that, from time
to time, he has heard complaints in the army
about everybody and everything except the
Northern ladies and their devotion to the
country. After more than a year's experience
in the field, be is unable to recall a single
syllabic of aught but heartiest commendation
of the fidelity to the cause of the women of
the free States.
New Supreme Judge.—Among its closing
acts, the House of Representatives of the
United States passed the Senate bill provid
ing for an additional Supreme Judge for the
Pacific coast. The virtual effect of this bill
will be to add one more to the number which
is to rescue the control of the Supreme Court
from the hands of the school which is repre
sented by Chief Justice Taney.
or The Idea of sustaining the Government
In time of a perilous war, and fighting to the
death the administrators of that Government,
by which tho "wnr must be carried on, is, says
the NasnviUe Orion, the offspring of a weak
brain ora false heart. ’lt is like lauding vir
tue in the abstract, and picking your neigh
bor’s pockets in practice.
fcgr Lieut. W. S. Bryan,, company 1,27 th
Illinois volunteers, has had a sword and navy
revolver presented to him, the former by tho
citizens of Kcwance, and the latter by Mrs.
Lieut, Dow and Mrs. Lient. Col. Burwell of
Princeton. Lieut. Bryan is a Democrat of tho
fighting, traitor-hating kind.
Expressive. —“ Occasional,” of the Phila
delphia Press, in spcaking'of the reaction of
sentiment which is taking place among the
aristocracy of England, in relation to tho
North, says that they arc fast “unlearning
their contempt of ns,” at the bidding of the
laboring masses.
Bou>ty to Discharged Soldiers. — A Sen
ate bill which passed the House during the
last hours of the session, provides for paying
soldiers discharged from service for sickness
or disability by wounds, the same bounty as
if they had served out the time of their enlist
ment.
Bf" Seventy-five rebel prisoners were
brought to Nashville on the 3d inst They
were captured in the vicinity of Murfrees
boro, and mostly belong to Morgan’s com
mand.
fy Privates William Dormitty ondCharlcs
Clark were hung at Torktown, Ya., on the
2d inst, for the murder ol William Sokes, a
citizen of that place.
py The Chattanooga Ed>d -boasts that
Bragg’s army has, by drill and discipline, be
came a perfect machine. Bosecranswill soon
set that machine running.
jgy The Springfield State Journal says that
a recruiting office In that city Is quite success
ful in obtaining rccruta for the army.
GEORGIAN BAT SHIP CANAL.
Touonto, March?, 1663.
Editors Chicago Tribune
In the joint report of the Board of Traclo
and Mercantile Association of your city re
specting the estimate for the construction of
the Ottawa Ship Canal, it is stated to be $13,-
057,080; as there is evidently some misunder
standing respecting it amongst the members,
I would wish to have it corrected.
By referring to the report of Walter Shanly,
Esq., C. E., published in 1858, pages, 30 and
31, the cost of a canal, with ten feet depth of
water on the mitre sills, is stated to be
; “twenty-four millions of dollars, or abontfive
millions of .pounds sterling,” and the differ
ence of cost between, a ten and. twelve feet
: navigation through the Ottawa is farther esti
mated at five millions of dollars, being in all
twenty-nine millions of dollars. The size of
the proposed locks being 250 feet long by 50
feet in width and 10 feet on the mitre sill. In
1860 a farther report on the Ottawa Ship Ca
nal by Thos. C. Clarke, C. E., was published
in which the cost of tbc construction Is esti
mated at $12,057,680; it must, therefore, have
been from this report that the information
was derived. On looking over the report it
will be found that some necessary portions of
the work have not been estimated, for in
stance, a* page 2, the cost of deepening the
Lachine Canal, Lake St. Louis, Lake of Two
Mountains, Ottawa River, Des Chines Lake,
Chats Lake and Deep River.
This is a very important omission,as will be
seen by referring to Mr. Sbanly’s report,
page 25, in which it is stated, “ From the in
formation I have been able to gather concern
ing the depths of the Ottawa, I incline
to the belief that in it will be found to exist
the most serious difficulties to be encounter
ed in carrying out the project, which is the
subject of this report, and those difficulties,!
I apprehend,increase as we descend.” Also, In
continuation it is stated, “but it is to be feared
that there docs not exist through the Lake of
Two Mountains (one of the omissions in Mr.
Clarke’s estimate) a channel sufficiently di
rect and deep to promise the attainment there
of a navigation of equal capacity to that which
nature has provided for in the Upper Ottawa,
the Mattawan and the French Rivers, The
shallows of the Lake of Two Mountainejire
undoubtedly over rock bottom.” In the
same page it is stated that the length the
Lake of Two Mountains is twenty miles, and
the limited depth of water sis feet. In Mr.
Clarke’s report this difficulty is thus ex
plained: “From the 23d to 34th mile, ac
cording to the surveys of W. B. Galway,C. E.,
placed in my hands by the Department, it
(the Lake of Two Mountains) has a depth of
from two to thirty feet. From the 21th to
the 2GJ£ mile the low water depth does not
exceed thirteen to fourteen feet, and I am un
able to say .whether the bottom is rock or
some material that could if required be dred
ged. From the .26K mile to the foot of the
Carillon Rapids, at the 47££ mile the channel
is thirty feet, and the navigation is straight
and unimpeded.
There is a strange discrepancy between the
engineers on this one point, and from per
sonal observation, several years ago, I am in
clined to agree with Mr. Shanly, who has also,
I think, given a correct description of the
difficulties to be encountered throughout,
and whose estimate must be considered as
the most reliable, though its moderate
amount may he doubted from his expression
nt page 31 of his report, that
“ The greater difficulties to be encountered
on the former consists first in the bard, un
yielding nature of the material to be worked
upon—the granite rocks —chiefly (according
to the classification of Sir William Logan)
syenite, gneissoid—syenite and gneiss thrust
ing themselves forward, harsh, naked and re
pellant, over the whole of the more distant
portions of the line. On the nearer sections,
, rom the Chats Rapids to St. Ann, the forma
tion to be dealt with, though of less imprac
ticable character than that named above, is
still rock—rock everywhere.”
The second great difficulty that presents it
self In considering the improvement of these
distant waters, where the major portion of the
first named and principal difficulty exists, lies
in the inaccessibility of the region which
they penetrate, the whole of which, in so far
as relates to the sustaining ot human life, may
be called non-producting,4ittlc or none of it
being as yet settled. This is a feature that
must be kept in view, as one that must add
largely to the cost of the undertaking, just as
it now does the cost of “making lumber” on
the upper Ottawa and its tributaries.
The size of the locks proposed by Mr.
Claikc are 250 feet long and by 45 feet in
width, and 13 feet in depth on its mitre sills.
This increased depth from ten to twelve feet
brings the comparison of estimates to the
fullest extent, though not advised by Mr.
Shanly, viz: twenty-nine millions of dollars
whilst Mr. Clarke’s is only something over
twelve millions.
1 was going to say that it would take a
Philadelphia lawyer to explain this difference
between two eminent engineers, but as I am
aware that an eminent engineer resides in that
city, he should be called m to decide which is
right,as in this communication I must not go
Into such obstnisc details. As it stands at
present, the first'estimate ol Mr. Shanly’s has
been ciphered down with a vengeance. If I
might be allowed to cipher down my estimate
of the cost of the Georgian Bay Canal at the
same rate it would not exceed nine millions
of dollars, without one single cubic yard of
rock excavation by way of contrast with the
Ottawa of “ rock everywhere.” In thotreat--
ment of this I have “ nothing to extenuate
nor ought set down in malice.” I shall leave
it therefore between the engineers to decide
as they may best determine, but whatever the
result may be, I have always contended, and
still contend, that the Georgian Bay Canal is
the cheapest, most expeditions, and the best
adapted for the requirements of the Western
trade; and the more inquiry is made on the
subject the greater the advantages will be
found to be in favor of the latter route.
The size of the nopoecd locks on this route
would he 265 feet in length by sixty-five feet
in width and twelve feet in depth on the mitre
sill—being fiflecn feet longer and twenty feet
wider than the ship canal locks as proposed
for the Ottawa, the increased width allowing
two schooners of 500 tons each to pass at one
time.
To reduce shc scale of navigation to Mr.
Shanly’s standard, ten ’feet of water, as first
recommended for the Ottawa, and the locks •
to 250 feet by forty-five feet, the cost of the
Georgian Bay Canal would not exceed $15,-
000,0W, But being acquainted “with the enor
mous annual Increase of. flic ‘Western trade 4
and its requirements, I could not recommend
any reduction of the original intention, and I
am sure Col. Grason will agree frith me in
this respect. It mnst therefore
Casar. ant nullus” an enlarged ship canal, or
allow matters to remain as they arc at present.
The time will come, however, and I believe it
is not far distant, when the Georgian Bay C
anal will not only be a necessity to the Wes
tern States, and Canada, but also to Great
Britain. I remain, sir, yonr obedient servant.
Rivas Tdllt, Civil Engineer.
Three Hundred. Copperheads
Wanted.
I hereby make special requisition on the
State of Illinois for three hundred
tlicet, meanest, most disloyal Copperheads
that can be found. I know they have them
there, and I am satisfied that they are actually
needed here for the good of the public ser
vice, rendered so by the following circum
stances, viz:
There are hero in the 26th Illinois Infantry
about six hundred as clean, neat, hardy and
well disciplined men as evcrmarcbed to the
sound of drum-men who have home a prom
inent and honorable part In the taking of
New Madrid, Island Ho. 10, Siege of Corinth,
battle of luka, and the late battle of Corinth,
besides many other engagements of less note.
These men arc tried and true as ever drew
bead on rebel bead; the love of country swell
their hearts and throbs in every vein. They
have unanimously said that they want no
peace that will “yield a single right of hu
manity or take one star from our glorious
flag.”
Three hundred abe-bodied Copperheads are
needed to fill this regiment np to the maxi
mum number. These noble and brave men
will hold them straight in camp, steady in the
hour of'battle, teach them to endure hsrd
ships and suffering, to cat “hard crackers,”
and sleep on the bare ground. In short they
“ will train them up in the way they should
go,” and bring them back through much
tribulation to the good old doctrines of equal
rights, common sense, and the Union forever.
A speedy compliance with the provisions
of this requisition is respectfully requested.
Capt, Iba. J. Bloomfield,
General HooKor and. his Army.
The soldiers of General Hooker’s army in
dignantly resent the charge that they arc “de
moralized,” denying with equal emphasis
that they have any sympathy at all with the
“peace” movement of Northern sympathizers
with secession. Thus a Massachusetts officer
writes:
We arc not sick of the war, as the sympa
thizers with treason at home represent us.
We are ready and anxious still to battle for
the right, whether it be to fight the rebels in
frdnt or the more to be dreaded enemy in the
rear. I have thrown aside ail prejudice as to
color or race In fighting this rebellion, and
stand ready to march without hesitation when
ever and wherever ordered—no matter who
heads the column, or who make up the rank
and file.
General Hooker has recently directed that
his troops shall be supplied with fresh vege
tables, and has also erected ovens for the pur
pose of supplying them with soft bread—
both of which acts have added immensely to
his popularity with the men. The army has
entire confidence in its leader, and axion&ly
awaits on opportunity to vindicate the confi
dence he reposes in it.
The Prison.— There are now only 875 con
victs in prison. Before the war commenced
there were over 600. Contractors cannot get
as many convicts as they desire; and Messrs.
Lathrop & McNaughton, manufacturers of
agricultural implements, now employ forty
freemen, mostly boys, in their shops at the
prison. We understand that they have a
large contract to fill tiro present month, hence
the necessity of so many more workmen.
—Jatkson {Mkh.) IWriot, Marti* 4
THE HOSPITALS OF MGH-
PUIS.
Ttolr Character and Condition.
[From Onr Onn Correspondent.]
Msarms, March 2,15G3.
. Many Innocent and very candid people, ac
quainted with the history and surroundings
of Memphis—its filth and crime, its haunts of
vice and sinks of iniquity—have doubted if it
really deserved Us name—Memphis, the
“abode of the good.” But, I am sure, just
now, to onr sick and suffering soldiers—those
whose frames are enfeebled by the malarious
exhalations from Southern swamps, and whose
constitutions are destroyed by the fatigues
and exposures incident to a soldier’s life —it
appears the very gate of Heaven. Nor arc an
gels wanted here—tmgels of mercy—who sur
round the bedside of the suffering one with
some of the comforts of home, and by their
kindness and attention render smooth the
rugged pathway to the tomb, and induce many
a despairing one to hopefully look for health
and happiness.
The sick of the army of the Southwest,
now at Helena, Lake Providence andToung’s
Point, are beta? landed here instead of Cairo
and St. Louis, as heretofore. Three days’
confinement on hoard of dose hospital steam
ers, and 400 miles of navigation, is enough,
in all conscience, for the feeble ones, and I
look for a large decrease in the per ccntage of
deaths, now that this needed reform is inan
gu rated.
I propose, in this letter, to give yon a brief
statement of the condition of thescvcral hos
pital establishments in Memphis, with such
suggestions as to their better working as ap
pears to me to be necessary. It is a subject
In which all are interested. I beg to say that
I am animated by the best of motives in what
strictures 1 may think myself forced to in
dulge. There are six general hospitals in
Memphis, giving medical care, nursing and
food to more' than 3,ooo.sick and wounded
soldiers.
THE OVERTON.
The “ Overton” Hospital Is located on Main
street, in the Overton Hotel Company’s buil
ding. It is a magnificent structure, and capa
ble of accommodating, where its capacities
arc fairly tested, over twelve hundred pa
tients. This was the one first established.
The rebellion found here a huge hotel, neatly
famished and finished, and strangled it at the
moment of its birth. It did not, however,
destroy the building. When thcFederal forces
entered Memphis, they naturally took posses
sion. and now the mo'ney of a desperate trai
tor furnishes shelter and medical care forntae
hundred Union soldiers.
The “Overton” is at present under the
cliarge of Dr. Jackson, Assistant Snrgeon of
the 17th Wisconsin regiment. Dr. Jackson Is
personally a gentleman of some suavity of
manner, and possesses great'energy, but some
bow be lacks the judgment to turn these good
qualities to account. He has zeal, without
tbc practical or scientific knowledge to make
itusefuL The charge of so nanny sick men
is overtasking his ability, and the good of the
service certainly requires that he be trans
ferred to a Jess responsible position.
The rooms arc neatly fitted up and supplied
with proper hospital appliances, bat tbe sew
erage and drainage of the building is lament
ably deficient.
The effect now, at this early season, of the
want of proper and cleanly water closets Is
plainly discemable in the contamination of
the atmosphere of the entire building. If
this be not speedily remedied, the “Over
ton,” on the approach of tbe hot summer,
will become the breeding place of death.
There are other matters connected with its
sanitary and internal arrangements which
should* be placed under the charge of an in
telligent, conscientious physician, to the cod
' that no such disgraceful circumstances as at
tended the decease of a promising officer of
one of our Chicago regiments shall again
occur.
1 call the attention of the Medical Director
of this Department to this subject. Men and
soldiers arc not so numerous that we can af
ford to uselessly lose them, if a certain doctor
did most unnecessarily and inhumanly say,
“Lc* them die! .It costs the Government less
to bury, than to cure them! ”
The “Sisters of the Holy Cross” have charge
of the patients, under the physicians, and
. ministers of mercy, in their kindness ana un
selfish benevolence, they ever are.
lIIS ADAMS HOSPITAL.
The Adams Block is the largest hospital in
Memphis. It now contains 1,200 patients.
Just ns this immense block of stores, six sto
ries high, was finished, the rebellion was in
augurated. This sent tbe the tenants Dixie
wards, and we found ah excellent hospital
ready constructed, and only wanting the cut
ting of doors between the apartments to ren
der it complelc. The wards arc high, the
rooms arc airy and well vintilated, and there
is a well organized corps of female nurses in
constant attendance. Dr. Lord, Assistant
Surgeon of the 13th Wisconsin regiment
has charge of this hospital, and be has
succeeded in making it one of the very
best, in the city. He has integrity, energy
and ability. It occurred to me he lacked tact,
that xnaviter in modo which ia the discharge
of the duties of his responsible position, is as
necessary to success os that more common
fnUler in re. If there could be a better or
ganized kitchen department, it would tell in
the more rapid convalescence of the patients.
jxtfehsox hospital.
The Jefferson Block is also an immense
block of stores on Second street. It now
contains less than 300 patients, with room for
a thousand more. . This hospital has been
from the first a deep and damning disgrace to
the Government. When Gen. Sherman’s army
left Memphis for Vicksburg,' the sick were
almost literally thrown in, without cots, food
or care. Many a poor soldier lay upon the
floor two days, without even a drink of water,
for tbe lack of a cup to bring it in. Men died
on the spot where they were first laid. What
roattcrca it to those who were seeking glory
at the cannon’s mouth in front of Vicksburg ?
Confusion and filth, disease and death held
high carnival there. lam not sure that many
a poor soldier did not gladly welcome death
and the prospect of release from this seething,
festering house of corruption. Here was, and
is, a magnificent building, with large, airy
and well ventilated rooms, and capable of be
ing t qual In all respects to the Adams.
The Government pours down the Missis
sippi immense quantities of everything inge
nuity can suggest for the comfort and support
of tile sick of her armies; it crowds the wharf
boat and warehouses here’to repletion, with
articles imperatively needed, and yet tbe filth,
the confusion, the sickness and death con
tinue, and increase fearfully. Jhcrc 1$ a
dreadful responsibility resting upon the med
icall nqth&ritics for permitting this state of
things to continue. One Dr. Bartolpt, of the
regiment, has “ charge ” of this “ hospl
tai’Xr).
THE FOUNDRY.
An old foundry building near the navy yard
furnishes an opportunity for another misno
mer. We call it a “hospital.” Jtwas first
appropriated for a convalescent hospital, but
the impossibility of adequately heating it, and
its low, damp location, have satisfactorily
demonstrated that it was merely a resting
place, and ordinarily a very brief one, on the
road from the hospital to the grave!
It has now bat 300 patients, and will very
soon be entirely abandoned for more conge
nial uses, I did not loam the name of the
medical officer in charge. Whoever he fe, he
is not responsible for its Improper location.
THE TAZOBO HOSPITAL.
This hospital, located on Maine street, op
posite the Xazoro Hotel, has just been fitted
up for the reception of the sick from the ex
peditions down the river. Itwill comfortably
accommodate 1,200 patients, and has been ar
ranged under the exclusive superintendence
of Mrs. Bickerdikc, of the Sanitary Commis
sion. It Is, in all respects a model institu
tion, the warming apparatus, the cooking ap
pliances, beds and bedding, and indeed every
thing connected with It, arc perfect It is
possible to have every large hospital in these
large Western towns as comfortable and com
plete as this one, and they would be so if this
most admirable and efficient woman could
multiply herself Indefinitely.
OmCEB’R HOSPITAL.
This is designed forthe treatment of officers
alone. By some sort of poetical license, of
tentimes sadly at variance with truth, an offi
cer is supposed to be able to pay for treatment
and the Government does not therefore pro
vide them with the necessaries and luxuries it
gives the private soldier. In this army, pay
masters with funds are an obseletc institution,
and many officers come to Memphis from their
commands, broken down in health, dispirited
and out of money. They go to the officer's
hospital for treatment. Govemmentfurnishcs
them medicines but nothing more. The Presi
dent of the Sanitary Commission called at the
hospital a day or two ago, and foundthe sick
destitute of cots, and many of them without
blankets. These obvions wants were soon
supplied, and now I leam they are properly
cared for. Dr. Davis, an excellent phvsician,
and a finished gentleman, has charge of the
sick officers.
THE SOLDIER’S HOME.
In addition to the hospitals, which the
Sanitary Commission through their agents
visit, and endeavor to supply with articles
not famished by Government, the Western
Sanitary Commis'slon have established a Sol
dier’s Home in Memphis. A large private
mansion in the suburbs has been fitted np
with over a hundred comfortable beds, and
well supplied with all necessary conveniences.
Here, discharged soldiers, or those traveling
through the city for any purpose, can find a
“home” without money and without price.
It Is under the charge of Mrs. Ostrand ot St.
Louis. The Soldier’s Home is a noble
charity, and hundreds of men already call it
blessed.
THE FILTH-OF MEMPHIS.
I wish to call attention to the terrible con
dition of the streets and alleys of Memphis.
They are literally recking with filth and all
manner of abomina ion. To-day Memphis is
the dirtiest city on the continent. The refuse
of kitchens, decayed vegetable matter, dead
horses and cattle, all are lying about the city
uncared for and unburied, tainting, with their
putrifying exhalations, the atmosphere for
blocks around. Nothing whatever Is doing to
cleanse it. Neither municipal or military au
thorities are spending a solitary day’s labor
to put out of sight these abominations. The
weather will soon, be warm, even hot, and if
no change be had in this direction, the city
wQI become a charnal house.
Men enfeebled by sickness and wonnds arc
peculiarly sensitive to malarious infection.
Men can’t be cored in Memphis if it is not
cleansed, and that very soon. Gen. Butler
could purify the great city of New Orleans—
it is surely not impossible to cleanse Mem
phis. WchaveGcneral’shere;lctthemmake
a proper use of their authority, and if the city
will not attend to the sanitary condition of
her streets and alleys, let the Government do
it, in God’s name. Let the alternative bepre
sented to the municipal authorities,' of fclean
streets, or an assessment of two hundred
thousand dollars upon her leading citizens,
and in a week’s time Memphis would smell
Ike a bed of row.
Stepping tlie Gold Speculation,
[From the New York Evening Post, 4th.]
The House of Representatives yesterday, by
a vote of sixty-four against thirty-three,- con
cern d in the Senate’s amendment to the Tax
bill. Imposing a tax upon transactions in gold
and silver. The fourth scction t as amended,
provides as follows:
“All contracts for the purchase or sale |of gold
and silver, coin or bullion, secured by pledge or
deposit, or other disposition of gold or surer coin
of the United States, if to be performed after a pe
riod exceeding three days, shall be In writing or
printed, and signed by the parties, or their agents
or attorneys, and shall have one or more adhesive
stamps, as provided in the act to which this is an
amendment, equal in amount to one-half of one
per centum,and litcrcstat the rate of sis per cent
um per annum on the amount so loaned, pledged
ordeposited: and if any such loon, pledge or de
posit, made for a period not exceeding three days,
shall be renewed or in any way extended, for any
time whatever, said loan, pledge or deposit shall
he subject to the duty imposed on loans exceeding
three days; and no loan of currency or money on
the security of gold or silver coin of the United
States as.aforesaid, shall be made exceeding in
amonnt the par value of the coin pledged or depos
ited as security; and any loan so made, or attempt
ed to be made, shall be utterly void.”
The speculation in gold Is thns reduced
within the limits of a rcguJarmercantiletrans
action, and its extravagant inflatation will
necessarily snbsidc. From the beginning the
gold speculation, confined to a few dozens of
Slylocks, has given a wholly fictitious value
to the specie currency, and has in noway rep
resented the true condition ol the money mar
ket. It has disturbed the course of trade, ap
preciated prices and enriched a few dealers at
the expense of the whole community. Nor
have its evils stopped here, for the rapid rise
In the price of gold has created in Europe a
false and injurious impression of the degree of
the depreciation of government currency, and
the cioakersat home have gladly echoed the
tory cry of imminent bankruptcy and ultimate
repudiation. All these causes have produced
most mischievous effects.
This new law virtually stops the operations
of the gold speculators. If they buy gold now
they must pay. the difference between the par
value and the premium; for no one can lend
them more than the par value of the gold.
For example: if a speculator goes into Wall
street to buy ten thousand dollars In gold at
165, he can only borrow ten thousand dollars
on his gold, and must have the' six thousand
five hundred dollars premium in his pocket.
Few men will desire to invest so much money
in such a speculation. Before this amend
ment passed a speculator could borrow fifteen
thousand dollars on ten thousand dollars in
gold at 167, and would require only one thou
sand seven hundred dollars to pay the balance.
Here is a difference to the speculator of five
thousand dollars on a small aflair often thou
sand at 167; and the greater the speculation
and the higher the premium the more differ
ence the speculator will have to keep on
hand.
Anti-Slavery • Demonstrations
in Dngland.
Meetings, lectures, etc., in Civorof Presi
dent Lincoln's emancipation policy, are ol
dally occurrence in all parts of England, and
an imposing demonstration was to take place
at the Ampitheatre at Liverpool, the day the
Hibernian sailed. The resolutions and ad
dresses to President Lincoln, which are to be
proposed, emphatically approve of his antl
slavcry policy. A crowded meeting on the
subject was held at St. James Hall, London,
on the 18th. The speakers indulged in bitter
invectives against the Lord Mayor and Mr.
Mason for the late affair at the Mansion House'
banquet, and a resolution condemning the
Lord Mayor was unanimously carried.
These demonstrations have greatly excited
the ire of the London Times, and it improves
the opportunity to howl after this fashion:
[From the London Times.]
It is a matter of very serious import that
the grand old cause of the anti-slave-trade and
anti-slavery movement should he thought to
have degenerated into a mere cat’s-paw to Mr.
Seward, and that one of the most glorious
bands of disinterested philanthropists which
this ©r any other country has produced, should
be thought to have sunk into a few dupes of
President Lincoln, advocalinga measure which
is not freedom to the blacks, but is, as far as
possible, massacre to the women ana children
of the whites. We ask, therefore, publicly,
whether there is the least truth in the sugges
tion that these people have ever received the
authority of Lord Brougham, or the Bishop
of Oxford, or Sir F. Buxton, or any
other man of ancient connection with
this question, to associate the name of
Brougham, Wilberforce, or Buxton with their
present doings. If they have, let us have the
proofs; If they have not, it is only honest to
the public to let it be known that these
Northern political demonstrations are but
cuckoo eggs, fraudulently laid In the old
nest, but utterly repudiated by the old birds.
In a case like this, the suppressio veri is scarce
ly a step removed from the suggatio falsi. If
they have any letters at all from these men,
who arc the natural guardians of the cause oi
the slave, those letters ought to be produced.
Perhaps wc can jog the memories of these
worthies as to some of the protests they have
conveniently suppressed. Was there no letter
from Lord Brougham upon the subject ol the
address to Mr. Lincoln ? Did not that vener
able patriarch of the cause of negro liberty
telegraph to beseech the persons who have
now usurped the places of the real friends of
liberty not to dishonor the cause by carrying
that document up to Mr. Adams? Did he
not even ask for a little space of delay in order
that time might be given for farther reflec
tion; and was not the presentation still per
sisted In, and rather hurried, toavoid the pos
sibility of a damaging public protest, with the
signature of “ Henry Brougham” attached to
it? If these gentlemen, who take upon them
selves to represent the old anti-slavery agita
tion, have such a letter ns this, it would have
been only honest in them to publish it; if
they have not such aletter, we have been very
much misinformed.
Perhaps the very small dogs who have taken
possession of the lions’ den, and are making
such vain efforts to imitate the roar of the old
occupants, will tell ns also whether they have
taken any means to obtain Information as to
whether the sons of Wilberforce and of'Bnx
ton, who have all been brought up In the
teachings oftheir fathers, now snare the opin
ions of the present Emancipation Society as to
the Proclamation of Mr. Lincoln. Without
pretending to any very exclusive information
os to the opinions of the Wilberforccs and
Buxtons, we arc strongly inclined to believe
that there is not one of them who would not
repudiate the doings of these people as an in
dignity to the memory of their fathers. Per
haps the; will tell v.B what the Bishop of Ox
ford may have said en the matter. When they
have told the public the whole truth as to their
relations with the old apostles of anti-slavery,
we will then hold farther controversy with
them. but. at present, we utterly refuse to re
cognize them as a respectable agltatl9 n *
The IVcw Postal Law.
[From Holbrook's United States Xail.]
The bill just passed by Congress is under
stood to have been framed to meet the views
of the Postmaster General In its .chief provis
ions. It makes some important Changes in
onr postal system.
The letter carriers are to redeye salaries of
not more than SBOO per annum, when war
ranted by the work performed, unless by
special authority. The Postmaster General
may in certain cases make It as high as 1,000.
Postage on local or “ drop letters’ p will here
after be two cents, when not exceeding halt
an ounce, and an additional rate for each half
ounce or fraction of an ounce—in all cases to
he prepaid by postage stamps. No charge
will be mode either for the delivery or collec
tion of any dass of letters, whether local or
from or intended to be sent by mails.
The regulations respecting soldiers letters
remain tne samc[as heretofore.
The amendment of the House, establishing
amoney order system was - rejected in the Sen
ate and finally abandoned.
On all the mail matter required bylaw to
beprepaid, and which shall reach its destina
tion unpaid, double the usual rates must be
collected on ddivery, and insufficient payment
is to be wholly disregarded.
The fee lor the registration of letters is left
optional with the Postmaster General; but it
is not to exceed twenty cents per letter.
Unsealed circulars, not exceeding three,
to one address, are to be charged with two
cents postage, and In that proportion fora
greater number.
JTEWS PAPER POSTAGE.
Weekly papers five cents per quarter, semi
weekly ten cents, tri-weekly fifteen cents, six
times per week thirty cents, seven times per
week thirty-five cents. At these rates the
weight must not exceed four ounces—in each
case payable in advance perquarter of a year,
cither at the mailing or delivery office.
No extra charge is to be made for a card
printed or impressed upon a circular or letter
envelope or wrapper. Circulars to be prepaid
by stamps.
The Postmaster General may from time to
time provide by order the rates and terms
upon which route agents may receive and de
liver at the mail, car or s'camer, packages of
•newspapers and periodicals delivered to them
for that purpose by the publishers or news
agents in charge thereof? and not received
from nor designed for delivery at any Post
office.
FRANKING.
Postmasters can only frank official letters
to other officials—the former license to the
smaller class of offices heretofore enjoyed, of
franking on their own private business, hav
ing been abolished.
We regret our inability to state in detaQ all
the changes authorized by Congress in its
final action; but os they arc not to go into
effect until the Ist of July next, sufficient
time will be afforded Postmasters and the
public for becoming acquainted with all
that Is new in these important legal enact
ments.
COD? FOB FOREIGN LETTERS.
The joint resolution givlug the Postmaster
General authority to collect the postage on
unpaid foreign letters in specie was also
passed. •
Fbou Bosecbans’ Army.— All Burnett, of
Cincinnati, writing to the Commercial of that
city, from “Camp near Nolinsville, Tcnn.,
March’B,” says; “Weare daily anticipating
a forward movement. Never was the army in
finer spirits or better disciplined. Yon
bet your bottom doUar t that when .Bosecrans
moves he knocks the rebels clean.”
ST A movement is on foot to construct
a railroad from Jackson to Lansing. A meet
ing was held for that purpose in Jackson on
Monday evening last. Besolntions in favor
of the project were passed, and a committee
to solicit subscriptions and act in concert
with other towns on the line, was appointed.
t&*Hr. Northrop, a Senator from the Lake
.Superior District, died at Lansing on the 4th
iwt.
FROM SAX/T LAKE.
The Great Indian Flglit—The Killed
and Wounded,
Uta.ii. Feb. 19, 1863.
The Indians were found in a deep rarine,
close to Bear River, in Washington Terri -ory,
were strongly posted, well armed, abundmtiy
supplied with ammunition, and were over
three hundred warriors in number. The at
tack of the volunteers for the first hour was
unsuccessful, and then they suffered their
heaviest loss; but they fought four hours
with a courage and bravery that the Indians
had never before seen in the “regulars”—
whom they contemptuously cleped “squaws.”
By a flank movement on their left, Connor
succeeded in Infladlng the ravine, and finally
killed every “buck” Indian of the band—a
little over a dozen only having effected their
crcape. The killed, of the Indians, is set down
at over 250, and probably also, abont a score
of squaws and papooses, who were accidently
killed during the fight. Conner burned Up
their seventy wick-i-nps, destroyed their win
ter’s provisions and brought back with him.
overa hundred and fifty ponies. His loss is
found In the following:
Our killed, wounded and frozen foot npas
follows;
Feet *
Regiment. Killed. Wnd’d. froz’n. Tot’l.
Second Cavalry, A 2 5 7 14
Second Cavalry. H 2 • 11 16 29
Second Cavalry, K 5 14 21 40
Second Cavalry, M 3 15 8 26
Third Infantry, K 2 4 27 83
The killed were brought to Camp Douglas
with the return of the command, and buried
with military honors.
The SBOO ClansoKnlghts ofthc
G. C—H'epppo Officers.
Washington, March 3,1868.
SENATE PROCEEDINGS.
Mr. Richardson moved so strike out the sec
tion authorizing the President to commission
certain officers. He said It was not worth
anything unless it was intended to commission
negroes in the army.
fir. Wilson of Mass., said it was not intended
to commission negroes. It was proposed to
commission while men for certain regiments.
Mr. Richardson was opposed to using ne
groes for anything but labor. They would be
good for nothing to fight, and would lose ev
ery battle.
Mr. Lane of Kansas, said there was a regi
ment of negroes in his State. ‘At first there
was a prejudice against them, but by their
bearing and discipline, they had disarmed
prejudice. They had been‘under fire and
fought bravely,, and Senators would yet ac
knowledge the bravc»r and fighting qualities
of the negro.
The amendment was rejected.
Mr. Trumbull offered an amendment to re
peal so much of the enrolling act as allows
exeptlon from draft on payment of a sum of
money, to be fixed by the Secretary of War,
not to exceed S3OO.
After a debate the question was put. and no
quorum yoled.
Mr. Davis, (Un., Ky.) offered an amendment
that no negro, free or slave, shall be carolled
In the military, marine, or naval service of
the United Stales. Rejected—Teas 12;
Kays 23.
Mr. Powell offered an amendment, in the
form of a proviso, that no person of African
descent shall be commissioned as an officer in
the service of the United States.. Adopted by
the following vote:
Yeas— Messrs. Cowan, Davis, Harding, Harris,
Henderson. Hicks, Howe, Kennedy. Lanc(lnd.),
Nesmith, Powell, 'Richardson, Saulsbnry, Ten
Kyct, Turpie, Wall, Willey, Wilson (M 0.),—13.
Nats —Messrs. Chandler, Clark, Doolittle, Fes
senden, Foot, Foster, Grimes. Harlan, Howard,
King. Lane (Kan.), Morrill. Pomeroy, Sumner,
Trumbull, Wilkinson, Wilson (Mass.)—l7.
Mr. Howard, (Un., Mo.) offered an amend
ment that any person belonging to or getting
up any secret socletr hostile to the United
States shall, on conviction, be imprisoned not
less than live nor more than ten years, or fined
not less than $5,000 nor more than SIO,OOO,
and such person shall disclose the secrets,
>asswords, &c., of the society. He said it re
erred principally to the so-called “Knights
of the Golden Circle.”
After discussion, the amendment was with
drawn.
Mr. Lane of Kansas offered an amendment
to the proviso offered by Mr. Powell, so that
it would read that - no person of African de
scent shall be commissioned as officer iu the
service of the United States, except company
officers, and in companies composed exclu
sively of persons of African descent. Adopted
—Teas, 10; Kays, 17,
The bill then passed—Teas, 2d; Kays, 10.
Union Lcnguc.x.
[From tbe Pittsburgh Gazette, oth lust.]
We are glad to see in many papers, notices
of the formation of Union leagues. We spoke
at length on Saturday morning on this sub
ject, and now only remark that we think it is
the duty of all loyal men to combine their
strength in every way in which they can ren
der it effective to sustain the Government in
its conflict with both open and covert treason.
In the Carlisle Herald , of Friday last, we find
the following sensible remarks, which exactly
suit onr own views:
Dniok League.— A movement has been started
over the loyal North, having for its object the sal
vation of the country from tbe ruin that is now
threatening it by armed rebellion in tbe South,
and secret, covert treason in the North. Tbe only
qualifications of membership required, is simply
loyalty to the Government.
The qualifications are not baaed upon any social
standing or political creed, and the truly loyal of
all classes are flocking into It wherever the move
ment has been started.
The time has come for the Union men to draw
close to each ether, and assume a more determined
course, efloct a full and perfect organization, and
enter upon the work of crushing oat the arrogant
despotism, which Is daily becoming more manifest
on the part of Northern traitors. There Is much
to do, and no time should be lost la mnirinp the be
ginning.
Wc are aware that many excellent men, who
would not, In ordinary times, favor secret or
ganizations for the furtherance of any cause,
however good in itself, arc now honestly per
suaded that In this period of extreme peril a
resort to that form of combined power is not
only justifiable but expedient.
Our armies arc folly competent to the work
of dealing with open rebellion in the South;
but H requires these other organizations to
crush out the secret treason In the North.
Let us present to this Lost and most danger
ous enemy an unbroken front, a (bold and
open attitude of tho'most determined opposi
tion; and if some think that, to meet them
more effectually, they had better combat them
with their own weapons, and. ‘‘fight the devil
with fire,” in the name o? all that U good and
true let them, do So. Anything and every
thing to save the country.
<SI AA AOn —JVVmted. Sealed
tyJL v* v/ • \J V/ V/ proposals will be received
by the undersigned, up to JO o'clock A. M. or March
Milt. 1563. for any part of ONE HUNDRED THOU
SAND DOLLARS of six per cent. Coupon Bonds of
Cook Comity. Illinois, Issued in pursnsnse of an act of
the General Assembly of thsßttteofnUnoU.andpayft
ble at the office of th£ Treasurer of said Count* mlhc
City of Chicago, lateujears from the Aral day of April,
iscs* payable semi annually.
At the time above mentioned (March 23.1563. at 10
o'clock A. M.) the bids wtilbe opened at the Super
visors’ Room. In the Court House, tn Chicago,
The right to reject any or all blda is reserved. Those
making^proposals will please state the size of the
Bonds preferred by them.
The entire Indebtedness of Cook County, exclusive
of the above. Is only Seventy-six Thousand Dollars and
a sinking fond provided for Us extinction.
n. z. culver.
PAUL CORNELL.
M. C. NILES.
<. AARON GIBBS.
Special Com. Cook County Uoard of Supervisors.
Chicago. March 6.1863. mS-aSI9-3w
PURE SPIRITS and
WHISKIES.
Fare 98 percent. Alcohol.
Pare Spririts, from Proof to 90 per
cent. over.
Rectified Whiskey, all grades. Also—Copper Dis
tilled Whiskies of floe quality, manufactured and for
sale by
A. F. CKOSKEY,
tnS-aTPI 8t 51 & 53 South Water street.
■\f AGIO LANTERNS AND DIS
■Ij JL SOL VINO VIEW or STEREOSCOPtICON
APPARATUS, with either Kerosene oil. the Ox-Calct
nos or the Ox-bjdrogen lights. bywlilch pictures can
be thrown on a screen and magnified to either 6.10.15.
.0.25 or 90 feet In diameter, according to the size of the
room. Scenes In America and Europe, pictures of
places. Incidents and battles of the r’went rebellion.
In great variety, for the above Instruments, made by
JASiESW.QTIKEN & CO..ail Chestnut street. Phila
delphia. Pa. must rated catalogues sent free,
feli-aioo-lm
MILLS.—I am Agent for
JL the best Iron Combined Grinding and Shelling
Feed Mill now in use. They will grind for family use
or any kind of grain for feed. They are strong and
durable, and will do all they are recommended to do.
For particulars address G. RUHPARTyP O. Box ZW
or call at Button's Hotel, corner of Wells and Wash-
Ington streets. m«-a?373w
/CONNECTICUT SEED - LEAF
\J TOBACCO SEED.—One ounce of the above we
send to any address for 50 cents. Our seed is from the
finest Tobacco produced In the country. Dealers or
ders will receive prompt attention. JNO. B. McNARY
A CO.. Hartford. Conn. mta72Mm
■HEADQUARTERS, DEPART
AX MENT OF THE CUMBERLAND.
Mubtbkxsbobo. Feb. 34,153.
Special Field Orders, No. 52.
(SXTEACT.)
NX. All officers and soldiers belonging to the Army
of the Cumberland are ordered to report forthwith to
Brig. Gen. M. S. HASCALL. at Indianapolis. Indiana.
Those who are abluent by anthorlty, will report to him
by letter, stating the anthorlty on which they are ab
sent, their dntles. address, and length of time they
have already been absent: those absent without prop
er anthorlty will Immediately report to him la person
and obey hts orders, or be considered deserters, and
foblcct to arrest and trial as such. This order Is In
tended to apply to all officers, of whatever rank, be
longing to tha army, now absent from their duties In
the flem.
By Command of Maj. Oea. Boseeraas,
ms-asw-ct n. g. thrall. Capt. & a. a. g.
Q m S. COLLIS & H. GETER,
LANDSCAPE AETISTS.
Art BnOdlng,comer of State and Warblogton streets.
Studio, first door. Gallery, second floor—open to the
public,
HATE ROOM FOR A FEW PUPILS.
m3aC76-lm
T ADIES READ THIS ATTEST
-1 J TIViILT. —Give up the use of that TBe compound
called rouge. It can deceive no one no matter how
skillfully It is applied. Nothing is more beautiful and
worthy of admiration than a skin white as alabaster,
rosy cheeks. Up« red as coral. In short, a complexion or
DAZZLING BEAUTT AND PURITY.
Do away withyourparaphamalla of cosmetics, poms
turns, blooms of roses, and other humbugs: follow mr
directions and yon win find to your surprise that In a
very short space of time yon can become possessor of
a beautiful complexion. Send your address and one
stamp to A. G. LAMONT, Perfumer.
fe2s-a*4s-lm Box 4673. New York City.
AW ONDER.—The celebrated
QIPSEY WOMAN haAJust arrived. If you wish
to know all the secrets of yonr past and future life
the knowledgeof which will save yon years of sorrow
and care, don’t fill to consult the Palmist. The Gin.
sey has also a secret which will coin the affections of
the oppof tte sex and cause speedy marriages. Chares
extra. Residence. ISI Monroe street, between Clark
and Well* streets, South side. fe33-a5&-3w
AfONET TO XOAH OH REAL
TV. SEWCOUB, Ed Dcirbom-Bt.. Boom 8? reff«s» &
"VTIGHT SCAVENGER,—CharIes
sssaaasf^ffagftss:
tions. spoiled meats, dead anlmalsTScAe
All work C atSndedto
Ste?s^nSS)VifcV u,> * nd,t i,<>n ? e srTS t '
gADDLERT HARDWARE.
HAYDEN, KAY & CO.,
45 & 47 LAKE STREET,
Are prepared to show cash buyers of
Saddlery Hardware
A SD
CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS,
The largest and best assorted stock to be found In the
. Northwest, embracing
SPRINGS ASI) AXLES,
Hubs, Spokes, Felloes,
CARRIAGE BODIES AXD SEATS,
Enameled Cloth, Patent Leather, &c.
Also, a large assortment of
HOBSE COLLARS AND BLANKETS,
WfflPS MD LASDES,
Skirtang, Bridle, Collar and Harness
LEATHER.
All of which will be offered at prices that will not
be undersold.
AGENTS FOR
79 142
Howrys Springs and iixlcs, Crocket’s
Varnishes.
DOLE’S PATENT
Hnb Boxing Machines and Hollow Angers.
P. HAYDEN. W. V. KAY. P. WILSON.
New York. Chicago. Cincinnati,
mbT-aSH-Sm
1863. , 1803.
CLOTHING
FOR THE
Spring and Summer Trade.
YOUNG, BROS. & CO.,
33 AND 35 LAKE STREET,
Corner Wabash avenue. Chicago,
135 MAIN STREET, ST. LOUIS
We hare now in store, both In
Chicago and St. Louis,
IMMENSE STOCK OF CLOTHING,
Manufactured Early in the Season,
And to which wo Invite the attention of all merchants
who wish to bay
CHOICE GOODS
AT VEST LOW PRICES.
YOUNG, BROS. & CO.
[mbß *515-Im]
1863 — DRY GOODS,
Staple and Fancy,
FOR THE SPRING,
HARMON, CALE & CO.,
(Successors to Harmon. Aiken & Gale.)
S3 f iKF STREET, Chicago.
We offer to the trade a large and well-selected
stock ot
COTTON AND WOOL GOODS,
PRINTS,
COTTON ADES,
Yankee Notions, Hoop Skirts, Hosiery,
AND OTHER GOODS IN ODE LINE.
We are now largely In stock and are prepared to
offer great Inducements to close buyers, we solicit
on examination from all wishing to purchase.
HAB9ION, GALE & CO.
feS6-aSO3 3m
Q-EOCERIES.
EWING, BRIGGS & CO.,
75 South Water street, Chicago,
Offer for Bale AT THE VERT LOWEST PBICB3 to
CLOSE BUYERS AND PROMPT AIEN,
a well selected stock of
GROCERIES
AT WHOLESALE,
EMBRACING
Sugars, Fish,
Teas, Tobacco,
Coflees, Rice,
Syrups, Spices,
Molasses, Soaps,
Dried Fruit,
WOODEN WARE, and an articles usually Included la
their Une.
bought most of our goods for cash, and be-
I'cthatwe can make It to the interest of all purchas
mgji this market to call and examine our stock before
Buying. _ EWING. BRIGGS A CO..
No. 75 South Water street, Chicago.
Wm. L. Ewing, St. Louis. Mo.
Clinton Briggs.
Thomas Heermans, j Cljc4 * o - myl&rißt-ly
AND PIECE GOODS
\J HOUSE.
CHAS. BEARDSLEE & BROS*
SS Lake Street,
Have now In (tore and are In dally receipt of the
Largest and Unly Exclusive stock of
CLOTHS, CASSffIERES,
VESTINGS,
SATIi^ETTS,
TWEEDS,
COUNTRY JEANS,
ILNEIVB,
MABSAILUES,
COTXOHADZS, CHECKS, DRILLS,
And an other Piece Goods, for MEN’S WEAR, ever
exhibited In this market.
Merchants visiting the city are Invited to can and
examine our. selections and prices before purchasing
el ** T bere. A full, complete and extensive assortment
of Tailors and Clothiers’ Trimmings always on band,
as also CLAY’S A SCOTT'S Fashion Plates and Re
ports, fe23-a3ffT2m
1863.“ SPEIKG TRADE.
CLOTH HOUSE.
FIELD, BENEDICT & 00.,
34 Sc 30 Lake Street, Chicago,
WHOLESALE DEALEBS IN
Cloths,
Cassimeres,
Vestings,
WOOLICf - COTTOJI “'»
MEN’S WEAR,
Adapted to the wants of the West Wa«h*n
tofore for tho put RrartMo" Sf,.
ond test iworted stool ol nils clMof
found In this msrltct. An oximlosuoa u Smetei
agents for
Scott’*, Clay’s and Clcncrosa’
Reports of Fashions/
fe2s-a469-2m
30 LAKE STREET,
Chicago, HL,
Maauticturers and Wholesale Dealers la
BOOTS & SHOES.
We have on hand a fun and complete assortment of
Boots and Shoes, of every variety, adapted tor
SFBINfi AND 9nHSSB WEAK,
wp INVITE SPECIAL to a line ol
Custom Boots of our oww-maautocturo whiph««.
superior to any good* to this market. ftSeannmhS
tog tor CASH may rely upon finding ourwtoSYmS
lower than toy other house to town. pnce “ * u;ua
ww avffS9« * sAinasrr.
gTRTKER & CO.,
THEIR ENTIRE STOCK O?
WINTER CLOAKS
Comprising; all the best styles
in market.
WOOLEG HOODS. SKATTGG CAPS
SONTAGS, NTTBIAS,
SCARFS, COMFORTERS,
AT.I. at greatly reduced prices,
To close the Season.
¥OOL BED BLAMETS
At leu price than they can now be bought for*
DRESS GOODS,
CLOVES,
HOSIERY,
AXD RIBBOXS,
500 best styles of Balmoral Skirts
ATT LOW FIGURES.
attention of tic trade la called to ttxe aboTi
goods.
STRYKER Sc CO.,
2U LAKE STREET..
myl9-rT3-ly
JJ ATS, CAPS AND
Straw Goods
AT "WHOLESALE.,
E. 1?. L. BROOM,
(SUCCESSOR TO E. L. KELLOGG & CO.)
50 - - liAKG STREET. - - 50
I hive cow on hand, and am daily receiving. a
Urge and well selected stock ol
HATS, CAPS, STRA¥ GOODS
SHAKER HOODS, ic. f
suitable for the
Spring and Sommer Trade of ’63
Which I offer to the trade, either by t he package or
dozen.at
LESS THAN EASTERN PRICES.
Country Merchant*, whether purchasing or not. are
cordially invited to examine my stock and prices.
E. P. L. BROOM,
Wholesale Dealer in
HATS, CAPS, &c.,
60 TiATCBI ST„ CHICAGO.
rmt-a'ThKhnl •
AKD
Which wo
JJATS, CAPS, &c.
25 Lake Street.
WEBER, WILLIAMS & FITCH
now oifar for .
EARLY SPRING- TRADE,
by the package or dozes.
a.ooo casks
Hats, Caps, Straw Goods,
UMBRELLAS. PARASOLS.
Palm Leaf Goods, Shaker Hoods,&o,
comprtrtrg fall lines of an sew strict, making tbs
LARGEST and BEST ASSORTED STOCK to befbund
West of the sea board, most of which was purchased
before the Ute advance In prices, and will be sold as
cheap as can be bought of the best houses in the Atlan
tic cities. fcgS-aMO-aia
JjTDWARD WESSOK.
Merit alone makes a SEWING MACHINE Taln»M«
The people are perceiving that glowing reoreeaent
tlona are not merit. v ww *
geohce k. cHrrmDEx,
GeneralAgentforDUnola.Wlscor.rtn, lowa,Northerm
Indiana, Minnesota and Each*
L CORNELL & GO’S SEWING
® MACHobi.of aQstitches, t.v, »n
wdcox A Gibbs* Twisted LoOMtttch • Tuwte
Farr Do uhi *■ Lock Stitch • Empire Shuttle Lockstitch.
Tbe Simplest, Still eat. Fastest and moat perfect to hh
found. Also.Banum'i**Bx£kszwn M Machiaeßu^
piles. Ac. __ L. COBNKLL * CO..
W&iSifm Bo*a,cusacOiL
141 LAKE STREET,
Are now offering
.A.T COST!
Sbs.’rrls nf ever? description.
NEW AND COMPLETE STOCK OF
BOOTS & SHOES,
Carefully selected for the
WESTERN
3STo. 12 Cortlandt street.
(Opposite the Western Hotcl.l
fc21a299-3rn SEW TORE.
pHICAGO TVEAD AND OIL
WOBKSJ
Corner Clinton and Fulton Streets West Side.
LEAD FIFE, BULLETS, BAS k SHEET LEAD,
LINSEED OIL. ’
Shot, White Lead, Bed Lead and Litharge,
PUMPS AND HYDRAULIC RAMS.
Orders from the trade solicited. Highest
price paid for Flax Seed, P.0.80x CIS.
set E. W. BLATCHFORTI,
9000 BOXES palm soap,
1,003 boxes American Castile Soip,
1,000 boxes Candles,
* 6ooboxe*9t*rc*ndief t
TURNER ± MITCHELL.
77 Klnxie street.
ror sale by
tnhft-aais im
“pjHEDGING, DOCKING, EX
cavatxng and grading.
O. B. GREEN Sc CO.
Are prepared to execute work la the above line with
dispatch. Office IS Lualle street.
p. Q. BOX 3ffi, ml 5738-1W
QRANGES AND LEMONS.
500 Boxes Just Received,
Dlrectfromlmporters. Cash orders from the trade
elicited. A. C. HUESTIS.
fe2C-a3£.3w Fort Wayne. lad.
T3E OLDEST SEWING MA.
CHIXE IS THE TTOEIj#.
THE 0E.1C3-lISrA.lj.
HOWE
SEWING MACHINES.
InTtnted la ISlS—Perfected In 18W,
Signal reward to the great American Inventor—ll ye
Premiums taken by the Howe Sewing Machine at the
International World's Fair this season Is Loudon. Eus
land, where the
HOWE MACHINE
Took the Imperial Gold Medal as the dm highest Pro.
mlumXtjr excellency of Machine; also four other Gate
Medals as First Premiums for the four different mdM
of work; also fonr Honorable Mentions for good wor?
comprising the only Premiums given, either for ezc£
JencT or lor work. Thus the Original Howe Sewing
Machine, from which all others derive their vltaiiti?
has established Itself by taking five Gold MedaU out of
«x, and four Honorable Mentions out of five at *
s Fair.where aU of theleadlngSewlngitocbtoei
both In this country and Europe, were ontriaL
best Sewing Machine In the worM. Wl “* **
t3T A genu wanted la the Western and North west
ern States.
Clrculars. containing full descriptions of MarMw
can be bad on application, or sent by matt. -
Address J.S. BRYANT.
General Western Agent. 65 t-Aa street. Chicago.
myn-miy.
ATTENTION.--The undersigned
-L"X begs leave to Inform an friends of a pore slaw
of wine, that they have opened In connection with
their wholesale department, a
NEW AND SPLENDIDLY FIXED SAMPLE BOOM,
at their business place.
ro STREET,
opposite the Coart noose. where they win sell all
hinds of (their own Importation) wines, especially
Ehlne. French. Hancarian and Port Wines. Sherrr
iladerta and Champalgne, in fall and half bottles. *
__ OBOMMES&ULLRICH.
♦SLasalle opp. the Coart House,
fei3-aiaoim
gkismm
are 105.000 Machines tonselnthlscottntrrat*
This Machine Is PROFITABLE and AVAILABLE
It la equal to TEN Seamstresses.
. , 106 Lake street. Chicago.
jProreaUrsnajteliaA onapplicaUoa «*t,ypo*