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O The Billings Gazette. VOL. XXI. B ILLINGS, MONTANA., FRIDAY. JANUARY 19, 1936. 76 A CONTUMACIOUS WITNESS Bigelow Refuses to Answer Questions of Senate Committee. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. 18.- Poultney Bigelow, the magazine writer, whose arraignment of the administration and management of the isthmian canal af fairs in an article published in the In dependent, which was denounced by Secretary of War Taft, proved to be a contumacious witness before the sen ate committee, in a controversy which continued two executive sessions and must be considered again tomorrow before action can be taken. The recalcitrancy of the witness was shown as the result of a state ment made by him that many eminent engineers had declined to accept em ployment with the government be cause of the physical condition on the isthmus. The committee demanded the names of such engineers and Bige low declined to give them on the ground that to do so would be to vio late a confidence and subject those persons to embarassments. He inti mated that the displeasure of the ad ministration would be exhibited in such manner that their "reputations would be worth nothing after the of ficial investigation had been conclud ed." Two opportunities were given Bige low to give the names, but he persisted in his refusals. Senator Morgan, who conducted the last examination, warned the witness in PACKERS IN COURT Trial Begins Which is to Decide Whether Government May Prose cute Under Indictments Pending. [By Associated Press] Chicago, Jan. 18.-The trial of the special pleas of J. Ogden Armour and the other packers and attorneys, now under indictment for conspiracy to re train trade and commerce, was open ed late today before Judge Humphrey ir. the United States district court. Among the defendants in court at the opening of the case were J. Ogden Ar mour, Charles W. Armour, T. J. Con nors, Ira N. Morris, Edward Morris, Charles F. Swift, Edward Swift, Ed ward Cudahy and A. H. Veeder. The issue in the present case is the contentioh of the packers that the government should not prosecute them under the indictments found because they are entitled to immunity under a section of the law which grants freedom from prosecution to any per son who is compelled to produce in criminating evidence against himself. It is claimed by the packers that they were compelled by Commissioner of Corporations Garfield to give such evi dence and that they were, moreover, promised immunity by him. The result of the hearing which be gan today will determine whether the government has the right to proceed to trial under the indictments. HIS POSITION SERIOUS American Prominent in Philanthropic Work Arrested at St. Petersburg for Participating in Revolution. [By Associated Press] New York, Jan. 18.-News of the arrest in St. Petersburg of W. English Walling of Chicago was received here today. Mr. Walling went to St. Peters burg to study the social situation and was arrested because of his alleged sympathy for and participation witn the revolutionary party. Walling is interested in social set tlement work in this country. Walling is a Harvard man and grandson of William H. English, who ran for the vice presidency on the democratic ticket in 1880. At one time he was state factory inspector in Illinois and lived at the Landon, near Hull house, Chicago. Later he came to New York, where he engaged in settlement work on the East Side. He left for Russia a few months ago, and after his arrival there had a staff of revolutionary assistants. He work ed in connection with 'the Russian revolutionary leaders and participated in their meetings. STATE MASONIC HOME. [By Associated Press] St, Paul, Jan. 18.-Thomas Morris f Crookston, Minn., today was elected grand master of the Masonic grand lodge. A committee was appointed to provide for the erection of a state Meaonic home to cost $75,000. such manner as seemed to commit the committee to punishment if he con tinued to bring himself into contempt, but the advice was of no avail and then the doors were ordered closed for a second time. In executive session it developed that the committee was agreed that the offense of Bigelow was of such a nature that there could be no doubt of the committee's power to have him dealt with summarily. Senators Knox and Morgan favored a certifica tion of his recalcitrancy to the vice presidert for submission of the case to United State Attorney Baker, for the District of Columbia. This course met with opposition from Senators Gorman and Simmons, on the ground that it would prevent further examina tion of the other subjects mentioned in the magazine articles making charges against the canal manage-i ment. Several members of the committee said that Bigelow's usefulness as a witness was at an end, and urged and argued so vehemently against any de lay in proceeding against him that Sen ators Morgan and Simmons declared that their purpose seemed to be to interfere with the thorough investiga tion of canal affairs which was ordered by the senate. When it was apparent there could be no action, a motion to adjourn until tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock was carried. HIS ONLY REFUGE. Centenarian Protests Against Release After Fifty Years' Imprisonment. [By Associated Press] Agram, Hungary, Jan. 18.-Ivan Pa lencsuk, who is 103 year old, was re leased from prison today, after 50 years' confinement. He protested tearfully against his release, but in vain. He immediately committed another crime in order to be reimprisoned. TRIBUTE TO OLD SHIP. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. 18.-After paying a tribute to the frigate Constitution and ordering an investigation to ascer tain the annual amount necessary to preserve the ship, the house devoted the day until 5:45 o'clock to the per fection and passage of a bill providing for the final disposition of the affairs of the five civilized tribes in Indian Territory. MORE BRUTAL HAZING Protege of Champ Clark Made to Ap pear in Unenviable Light by Testi mony of Fourth Class Men. [By Associated Press] Annapolis, Md., Jan. 18.-Hazing of a brutal nature was revealed during the trial of Midshipman Chester A. A. Ploebaum today, more plainly than in any of the previous proceedings. Three fourth classmen testified, with out the slightest hesitation, that they had been hazed by Bloebaum until they were utterly exhausted by the severe physical exercise which was required of them and until they lack ed the power to continue. The most severe accusation was contained in the testimony of Edgar N. Caldwell of Glasgow, Ky., who said that Bloebaum had hazed and abused him because he would not make ar rangements for Bloebaum to be intro duced to a certain young lady of the fourth classman's acquaintance. Bloebaum is an appointee of Con gressman Champ Clark, who said re cently on the floor of the house of representatives that he would arm with a broken knife and hatchet any youth he sent to Annapolis. CONSIDERING THE RECORD. Believed that Decatur Will Follow Coffin et al. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. 18.-The record of the court martial in the case of Mid shipman Steven Decatur, first class, charged with hazing; was received at the navy department today and is under review by the judge advocate general. This is the record of the second trial in Decatur's case, and it is believed he was sentenced to dis missal. POSTMASTER AT ANACONDA. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. .18.-The senate in executive session today confirmed the nomination of Henry T. Errett as posmaster at Anaconda, Mont. IN INTERES I OF HUMANITY Strong Appeal Made by Europeans to Roosevelt. HIS GOOD OFFICES ASKED Influence Desired for Concert of Powers to Bring Peace in Turkey. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. 18.-Prominent European statesmen, educators, pub licists and citizens, whose fame is world wide, have joined in a petition to President Roosevelt to endeavor, in the interest of humanity and civil ization, by such means as may seem proper to him, to bring about "the concert of the powers of Europe, with a view to securing for the subjects of the Ottoman empire a condition of peace, the absenqe of which has al ready drawn down upon that empire so many disasters and menacing it with the catastrophe of its total anni hilation." MORE LIBERAL GAINS Polling in Rura! England Only Increas es Number of Campbell-Bannerman Supporters. [By Associated Press] London, Jan. 18.-Rural England is now being polled and is returning liberals to parliament with the same enthusiasm as already has been dis played by the towns. Few additional returns are available, as generally the county pollings are not known until the day following the balloting, but those announced showed persistent liberal and labor gains. Glasgow has gone strongly liberal, the seven contests there being marked by four liberal and one labor gain, while the two unionists left in the rep resentation, are free traders. Cambridge university returned two unionist tariff reformers, S. H. Butch er and Mr. Hamlinson. Lancashire appears to be going as strongly liberalist as did Manchester, the three results already announced there recording two liberal and one labor gain. Archibald Cameron Corbett, unionist free trader, has been elected for the Tradeston division of Glasgow, de feating D. M. Mason, the liberal can didate. Corbett, it will be rembered, wrote to the Times, December 30, calling the attention of Mr. Reid, the Ameri can ambassador, and Premier Camp bell-Bannerman to the alleged uncon stitutional action of this opponent, who, Je charged in addressing his constituents announced that he had had a friendly interview with Presi dent Roosevelt at Washington, in which Mr. Roosevelt guardedly ex pressed his hearty sympathy with the liberal party in Great Britain. WOULD "SUB" FOR HER. Husband Responds for Wife Summon ed as Juror. Denver, Jan. 18.-Mrs. Fidella New man and Mrs. C. A. Wetzel were sum moned to jury duty in the district court today because they appeared on the rolls of property owners. "I came to represent my wife. She could not leave the children, so if you need a juror I will take her place, your honor." said the husband of Mrs. Wetzel to Judge Palmer whel his wife's name was called. "I could not bear the thought of serving on a jury with 11 men, your honor," said Mrs. Newman, as she looked about the courtroom. The court sent both the woman juror and the substitute home. The appeal refers particularly to the Armenians. It was presented to Pres ident Roosevelt today by James B. Reynolds of New York. It is drawn up by M. Bertholet, formerly senator and secretary of foreign affairs of France, and is signed by scores of the distinguished public men of every country of Europe. The president has made no response to the appeal, but promises to give it the. most careful consideration, ex pressing meantime his appreciation of the honor done him as president and to America, in having the petition pre sented to him. TAKING NO CHANCES Czar Will Not Visit Capital to Par ticipate in Annual Ceremony of Blessing the Waters. [By Associated Press] St. Petersburg, Jan. 18.-Distrustful of the spirit of his capital and, per haps, remembering the incident of last January, when one of the saluting guns showered grape on the imperial chapel, the emperor will not come to St. Petersburg for the ceremony of the blessing of the waters of the Neva tomorrow. lFor the first time since Empress Anna laid the founda tions of the winter palace in 1732, the great church festival of the Epiphany will pass without the presence of the sovereign in his red walled winter residence and without his participa tion as the head of the church in the consecration of the Neva's flood of fruitfulness and prosperity. USING REPRESSIVE MEASURES. German Government Undertakes to Prevent Spread of Socialism. [By Associated Press] Berlin, Jan. 18.-Severe precautions have been taken to prevent the spread of the socialistic movement. At Dres den and Leipsic all the meetings have been forbidden by the police. The commanding general of the First army corps, it is learned from Koenigsburg, has ordered the troops in all the gar risons of east Prussia to be ready with ammunition in case of riots. HONOR CARNEGIE'S MOTHER. [By Associated Press] Pittsburg, Pa., Jan. 18.-Provisions have been made by the board of trus tees of the Carnegie institute for the creation of a school of domestic sclence and art for women, which will be called the Margaret Carnegie School for Women. This name was chosen by the board of trustees as a lasting mark of honor to the mother of Andrew Carnegie. THE CANADIAN WAY. Effective Manner of Making Unpopu lar Illegal Combinations. Toronto, Ont., Jan. 18.-The govern ment's prosecution of Toronto plumb ers as individuals for combination in restraint of trade and conspiracy has resulted in 134 men pleading guilty. Forty were yesterday fined a total of $10,600, the fines of the others being suspended. The combination, as a whole, Was fined $12,000 several weeks ago. REFUSES TO TAKE ACTION Senate Promptly Tables Tillman Resolu tion for an Investigation. [By Associated Press] Washington, Jan. 18.-There was an echo of yesterday's stormy session in the senate today when Tillman pre sented his resolution directing a sen atorial investigation into the removal of Mrs. Minor Morris from the White house. The resolution provoked no debate, and Tillman contented him self with a grief statement, in which he said he would not have introduced the resolution but the for the taunts of Hale. When he concluded Mr. Daniel moved that the resolution be tabled and this disposition was made of it by a vote of 54 to 8. ASSETS EQUAL LIABILITIES. Prominent Chicago Grain and Com mission Concern Suspends. [By Associated Press] Chicago, Jan. 18.-Announcement was made this afternoon of the sus pension of the grain and commission firm of McReynolds & Co., of this city, one of the best known firms on the board of trade. The affairs of the firm will be settled, and it will go out of business. The statement is made, however, that the creditors will be paid in full and that the assets of the firm are fully equal to the liabilities. The house has been a large handler of cash grain and controls two large elevators in this city and one in St. Louis. PERILS OF MINING Eighteen Men Entombed and Suppos ed to Have Been Killed by Explo sion in Coal Mine. [By Associated Press] Charleston, W. Va., Jan. 18.-Eigh teen men are believed to have been killed in a terrific explosion today in one of the mines of the Detroit & Kanawaha Coal company at Detroit, on Paint creek, this county, 25 miles from here. The men were in the mine at the time of the explosian. That more were not in the mine at the time of .the accident was due to the fact that almost all of the day men were eating their dinners on the out side and thus escaping the fate of their comrades. The force of the ex plosion was so great that the hills trembled. Tons of wreckage and de bris were hurled from the mouth of the mine, blocking the entrance and making the work of rescue difficult. News of the disaster quickly spread to nearby mines, and hundreds of men were soon at the scene, eager to join in the effort to rescue the entombed miners. "REDS" ARE UNDAUNTED Socialist Workmen of St. Petersburg Elect New Council Whose President Issues Threatening Address. [By Associated Press] St. Petersburg, Jan. 18.-Undismay ed by the arrests of their successive executive committees, the group of so cialistic workmen early this morning elected a new Workmen's council, vwhose president issued an address threatening with death all who do not obey the commands to abstain from w~ork January 22, the anniversary of "Red" Sunday. Though disclaiming the idea of a collision between the workmen and the troops on the anni versary, the president says: '"The blood of our brothers cries aloud for justice, but the armed prole tariat bides its time to mingle the blood of its oppressors with that of the victims of January 22." NO PLACE LIKE HOME. To Get Back Fugitive from Justice Surrenders Himself. Sandpoint, Idaho, Jan. 18.--George Hull, a young man, gave himself up today to Chief of Police Moran. He told the officer he was wanted in Okla homa City on a charge of horse steal ing. Moran took Hull in charge and wired to Oklahoma City that he was under arrest. Officers there replied they would get requisition papers and came for him. Hull told Officer Moran he was a long way from home, without money or friends, and wanted to go back. The remainder of the day was de voted to speeches on the pure food and merchant marine bills, McCumber advocating the food measure, and Mal lory opposing the shipping bill. Mallory was so frequently interrup ted as to cause his speech to take on the aspect of a general debate. Dur ing the controversy, Bacon suggested that American corporations, like the Standard Oil company, engaged In transporting their own goods to mai-* ket, might take advantage of the sub sidy provision of the bill. Gallinger admitted the force of the objection and promised that the defect, would be corrected. The senate adjourned until Monday. NEW ERA DAWNS First National Convention Organized by Political Party in Russia Meets at St. Petersburg. [By Associated Press] St. Petersburg, Jan. 18.-The first nstional convention ever organized by a. political party in the history of Rus sia, that of the constitutional demo crats, opened here today. Two hun dred and fifty delegates, representing 60 provincial organizations, were present. The first act of the delegates was significant of the trend of the conven tion, the temporary chairman, Profes sor Kareiff, calling on the assemblage to rise in memory of the victims of January 22, "Red" Sunday, several of whom were shot not far from the hall where the convention was held. NOT MERE MOBS Revolutionists in Caucasus Uniformed and Armed Equal :o Governmer.t Troops - Regular Engagements Fought. [By Associated Press] .,) Tiflis, Causausia, Jan. 12.-A col umn of troops which was operating eastward along the railway to restore communications with Batoum, has forced its way as far as the station of Suram, in spite of the obstinate resist ance of the revolutionists, who are uni formed and as well armed as the gov ernment troops. Regular engage ments have been fought, and both sides have suffered considerable loss es. It will be necessary to drive the rev olutionists from Nikhailovo, Suram and Tsina. The last named place is a skillfully fortified town. Grakill has been totally destroyed. The plan of campaign is, after retak ing the railway and driving a wedge between the revolutionists and Imer etia and Kutais and Mingretia, to dis patch columns north and south against their mountain strongholds. VARDAMANI MUST ANSWER Mississippi Legislative Committee Will Investigate Beating of Convict by the Governor. [By Associated Press] Jackson, Miss., Jan. 18.-Governor Vardaman in a recent message to the legislature charged that body to make a thorough investigation of the state convict system. Rumors that Gov ernor Vardaman had recently thresh ed a convict at the executive mansion resulted in an interview with the gov ernor, who admitted that he had whipped the convict, who he said, was shining his shoes and had made an impudent remark. The governor said he had kicked the convict and then taking a broom had given him a sound. threshing. This act is to be investigated by thc legislative committee which was ap pointed on the governor's recommen dation. MONTANA WEATHER. lBy Associated Press] Ws augiton, Jan. 18&-Sao w i.