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THE WEEKLY inaLkTJi R. 8 . FljMC, ... - Editor. nCMBATi MAT «, 187*. ^îiaHC BAIIMMA» BOITE. -Nj which mads as follows; Dmsmüt or Israuoa. 1 (hntiL Las d Orncx. > Wusnsns. Dl C., April B, isi; «JMf Rentrer, Utie no, if. T. entlkhex:—I transmit herewith a dia gram showing the designated route of the Northern Pacific Railroad under act of July 3d, 1864, and by direction of the Secretary of the Interior you are hereby directed to with hold from sale or location, pre-emption or homestead entry all the surveyed and ursnr I odd numbered sections of public lands j within the limits of 40 miles as desig nated on this map. Ton will also increase in price to #3.50 per acre the even numbered sections within there limita, and dispose of them at that ratability, and carder the Pre-emption and Homestead lavra only. No private entry of the same be ing admissible until these lands have been offered at the increased price. This order will take effect from the date of it* receipt by you, and yon are requested to acknowledge, without delay, the dine of its omcuL iwx n;E»t yiTM»BAirAL tymrfai notice was received on Saturday evening last. Hay 4th, of the route desig nated to be traversed by the Northern Pacific Kaflrosd, accompanied by instructions from the Secretary of the Interior to withdraw ffom sale or location all of the surveyed and ' unsurveyed odd numbered sections of public lands within the limits of 40 mites of the fine of the road. We are indebted to the Land oflicera, Messrs. Sanders and May, for a copy of the order from Commissioner Drummond, I receipt Very Respectfully, WILLIS DROMOND. The tend grant, as indicated by the route marked oa the map finished to the Land Office here, «tends to and beyond nearly all die principal towns of the Territory, includ ing Hriena, Bowm an, Virginia City, Deer Lodge, Mteao o to , Argenta. Gallatin Cty, R ader sb ur g, Jefferson City, Boulder. Sheri dan. Sdrer Star, etc. The tend limits extend aix miles eut of Helena. According to the ' map, the road enters the Ter rito r y at or near ; the intersection of the 47th parallel of teti tnde with tire eastern boundary of the Ter- j ritory ; thence southeasterly, following tire j Yellowstone riser to the Bowman divide. ' over which it pass»; tfaesree north of Boxe- ' man City nine utiles, and Hamilton four miles; thence down the Gallatin, crossing , ttes Madison river near or at Gallatin City* tire»» up the Jefferson river to the Big Hole. ; aad fallowing that stream for a short dis- , tance; thence through tire Deer Lodge Pass; j tteence down the Deer Lodge, Hell Gate, • and IGssoute rivers, leaving Missoula five or 1 tix mites southwest ; thence southwesterly, leaving tire Territory oa the north side of Onks Fork of the Cohenbta. about twelve fifteen nates north of the Intersection of the 48th parallel of latitude with the boundary j of the Territory. "The Old Man " writes from Washington ander date of April 23d, concerning the Northern Pacific Railroad location through Montana, and speaks of the official fifing by the company in the Interior Départaient of their charts and notice of withdrawal of lands. The New York papers of the S3d contain the substance of his letter, as follows : "As there has been misapprehension with regard to the actual or official location of the line of the Northern Pacific Railroad, Col. James L. Rsk, of the Helena (Montana) Herald, called yesterday on the Commis sioner of the General Land Office and learned that the company's official charts for the loca tion of the line through the Territories of Montana and Dakata bad just been filed with tire deportment; that duplicate charts were being rapidly prepared, together with full in structions, to be forwarded to the local offices in Dakota and Montana, and that on the re ception of the same the lands awarded to the would be withdrawn from the maj or from occupancy by settlers, pre-emp MMst etc. The line noted cm the chart mav be designated as follows:—Crossing the Red Iuvcr of the North at Fargo, just above the mouth of Big Cheyenne River : thence nearlv due west to the crossing of the Missouri River, at tire Mouth of Heart River; thence west to the crossing of the Yellowstone, at or near the mouth of Powder River; thence up through Bozeman Pass; thence past the she of Hanul ton on up the valley of Jefferson and Wisdom Rivers, t hrough Big Hole or Deer Lodge Pass, down Deer Lodge and Hell Gate Rivers to the mouth of Big Blackfoot River; thence straight across to and down the Jocko and Flathead Rivera to Cœur d'Alene Lake." This does not coincide with the letter of Col. Roberts, published in the Herald of last week, and we gracefully retire from the posi tion previo usly assumed by u s in this matter. Tim Philadelphia -Vorti America», in an editorial on the political situation, says : "The impossibility of combining the opposition, as sought at Cincinnati, is an additional assur ance that no change will occur in the govern ment. It is a trite saying, that oU and water will not mingle, and they are friendly com pared with the elements sought to be united. In tire very outset the idea marshals men who have been companions in principle, in politi cal interests and on the battle field to divide and fight one another-—one party recruiting its lost strength from its life-long foe. It «»pels subscription to the doctrine that the admintetration all have praised, and that has achieved roch palpable gains, has been ex ceptionally tufhfthftd and injurious. It de Breads disbelief in what te historical, and denial of what Is palpable, to conceive any other Mûrit than a harmonious convention in this city in Jane, end a triumphant vindica tion of its proceedings in November." We bave ebnen the above till« to preface a few words that we wish to my to the citi kbi of Helena upon the benefits collect ively and individually to bo derived from a hearty and intelligeBt co-operation in matters pertaining to home impro v ements. We hare been familiar with the history and growth of Helena almost from its birth. It rose in the wake of the discovery of the Last Chance mines, and, like similar exhala ; tions, it was expected to share the ordinäre i** of mining camps. Everybody propbe mPS * suppose, everybody be 'aeved, such wouhi be the rare and speedy ! *»** of Hriena City. AH attempts at aay : üûa ^ uko I»büc improvements of any per j manent character have been avoided by gec «»1 consent on account of the uncertain tenure that are were supposed to have upon existence. For the same reason we have always spurned the proffer of a city charter, and absolutely have never had any organiza tion of a corporate nature more complete than that of a school district, and have been officered only by a Justice of the Peace ami Constable. But Helena has already survived several generations of ill-boding prophets, and seems to-day to have as strong a grasp upon vitality as at any moment of her for mer history. Indeed, when we compare the elements of permanency that this city now possesses, we most be convinced that her existence and growth are better assured now than ever be fore. We have good titles to our soil, upon which capital can rest valuable improvements with security. We have seen log cabins give place to comfortable frame buildings, and these in turn pass away to make room for elegant and substantia) stone and brick blocks. If such has been the history of oar beautiful city, amid croakers at home and envious detraction abroad; if its growth has been steady and substantial, while guiches around it hare been worked out and aban doned ; if, without a corporate organization of any kind, it bas wem for itself the un questioned title of the Metropolis of Mon tana, surely, h must have possessed elements of vitality and advantages of situation that its fneeds have not estimated, and that rnay be relied upon for the future to assure its friends to work with greater zeal and confi deuce in its behalf. The wealth concentrated here and permanently invested ought to give os confidence, if anything can, that Helena CSty, with a proper amount of energy, zeal, and wise co-operation on the part of its dri sens, may always maintain its present pre eminence ; cot only so, but may vastly in crease it. There are several questions of vital impor lance to our citizens that ought to be at once profoundly and maturely considered. The first, beyond all comparison, is the railroad question. It should be the constant theme of private and public consideration, until! our citizens hare learned the increase of life and force that comes from concerted action. If Helena, with its wealth and energy, acts as one man, it can command its own destiny. It te not at the mercy of any corporation, railroad or other, to uphold or extinguish it. Helena can connect itself by rail with one of the great continental trunk fines, and then its fate and prosperity is fixed for all time. Suicidal apathy alone can defeat this end. This matter, we believe, is beginning to be property appreciated- A live committee, we know, has the initiation of this business in hand, and has already made a good beginning of work. But we do not intend that cur citizens shall go to sleep again over this ques tion. They must be awake to their genera! as well as their private interests, and learn to co-operate in all matters that will increase tire wealth, business, and attractions of our city. Our public schools and library need united and intelligent support. Manufactur ing industries need consideration and encour agement. If the Masonic fraternity under take to erect a temple that will adorn and improve the city, they should be supported and encourage*- We all feel the need of a convenient and commodious* public hall. Some association for that purpose ought to be formed and properly encouraged. An adequate supply of water for actual and prospective wants demands early and earnest attention. We desire to see all these and kindred questions receive the attention that enlightened self-interest demands, and for this end shall often recur to them. VOLCANIC KK1PTIONS. The recent eruption of Vesuvius was about simultaneous with the late earthquakes iu California and Asia Minor. The volcano, while in full blast, sent forth a column of flame which rose to the height of several hundred feet above the mouth of the crater, and stones, ashes, and cinders were scattered in dense showers to a surround iug distance of several leagues. The first recorded erup tion of this famous volcano occurred in the year 79. The ekler Pliny perished by it, and the cities of Herculaneum, Pompeii and Sta ble wore overwhelmed and burned by lava and ashes. Forty-nine eruptions followed in the period from T9 to the year 1850. Tliey were more or less violent at intervals. The most serious, and consequently the most celebrated, took place in the years 473, 1779, 1794, 181», 1834, 1839, 1868 and 1871. That of 1871 waa equal in fierceness to tire one of teat month in its fierceness of first effort and more excessive in its ruinous consequences to life and property of tire people, who were forced to flee at the moment from their hum ble homes at tire base of the burning pyramid. a assocuts justice livrai The administration of the office of Judge of the First District by Hem. John L. Murphy te thus flatteringly referred to by the Atom* Confier of test week "We have made a careful examination of the expenses of the District Coon in and for Qaltetin county from the fall term of 1866 to the present time, and find that within that period there has been a constant decrease in tire cost to the county. The figures were ob tained at the office of the County Clerk, and cannot be questioned or disputed. The cost of the te« tern te about fifty per cent, less by the day than any previous term since the county's organization, notwithstanding the business from one term to another has" ever been steadily increasing. To whom we we indebted for this gratifying improvement in the administration of public affairs? To Judge Murphy, beyond a question. From the moment Court te convened on the first day of the term to the proclamation of adjournment, it has been bis practice to expedite business in every way consistent with careful regard for the*rights of litigants. Before he came on the bench the writs summoning the Grand and Petit Juries were made returnable on the first day of the term. Thus the Petit Jury would be idle, bnt drawing their regular per diem, until the discharge of the Grand Jury— the latter usually engaged until the term was half over. He'at once so modified the rules governing this matter, that the people now have only to pay for the actual service per formed by the jurymen; by this change, alone, hundreds of dollars have been saved to the tax-payers of Gallatin Count} - , and thousands to the tax-pavers of the Frst Judi cial District. Curtailment of public expenses has always been with Judge Murphy an ob ject second only in importance to a full, com plete, and thorough vindication of the law and the principles of justice. Are his ruling, erroneous, his decisions untenable ? The Su preme Court is always open for api>eal. There they may be reversed. But the facts are that fewer of Judge Murphy 's decisions have been reversed on appeal than of any other Judge that ever presided in this District." The above is certainly complimentary to the Jndge, and speaks well for the success attending his efforts to economise the ex penses of the courts of his district His de cisions, too, it seems, are as generally sus tained as those of his associates. Neverthe less enemies have clamored for his official head for months past. Recently, Bar mem bers of Gallatin and Madison have petitioned for his removal, and their document has gone forward to Washington, following the strong remonstrance signed by ten of the fourteen members of the Helena Bar. Federal offi cials failed to oust the Judge. Now some of the lawyers of the First District take a hand. Fight easy, gentlemen, and get your breath. CASTAWAYS. Individuals, who have hitherto styled them selves Democrats, would esteem it a special favor if some political phitenthropbist would just now step forward and provide them with a party habitation and name. These poor, unfortunate political orphans should in some way be cared for. They are without any visible political support, and yet loaf about unwilling to decently maintain themselves in the Labor Reform Workshop, to which they are invited. They cannot hide their inipecu nktsity and vagrancy, and yet hesitate about accepting the livelihood promised them in the Liberal Republican House of Refuge. If this distressing condition of political paucity and incertitude on the part of the Democrats continues much longer, it is evident a charity fund must be raised by Republicans to pro vide for the orphans until it is determined to whom they belong and just where to place them. 'IK. C'A VAN All; H AND THE DELE GATE NOMINATION. The address of Hon. James M. Cavanaugh to the Democracy of Montana, announcing himself as a candidate for Delegate in Con gress, subject to the decision of the Demo cratic Territorial Convention, will lie found in our advertising columns to-day. It is a brief bv.t vigorous and pointed document, set ting forth in language characteristic of the writer his future political intentions, the un fair party treatment to which he thinks he was subjected in the Democratic Convention a year ago. and his expectations of being righted by the people in the campaign now approaching. With the Irish wing of his party, no Democrat in Montana has eyer numbered so many or so warmly enthusiastic supporters as Mr. Cavanaugh, and that he was not nominated for re-election to Congress in 1870 was no fault of theirs. He purposes soon to return to the Territory, and, within his party, to demand that the wrongs done him in the past shall be righted now. It remains to be seen whether his apparently reasonable demand will be complied with. £f we rightly interpret the temper of the leaders at present in charge of the Territorial Democ racy, we incline to the belief that Mr. Cava naugh will lie blocke! from the Congressional course, by placing in his path every obstacle to a fair competitive trial for nomination by his party. This is clearly evident on the very start, as shown by the circumstance which forces the eloquent ex-Delegate. who repré sente«! this Territory for four years upon the floor of Congress, to resort to the advertising columns of the press ^including the Demo iratic impels) to obtain a hearing before the people. The end is not yet. Ont northern overland rogogeur friend, E. S. Stackpole, Esq., who participated with us in the Minnesota-Montana expedition of '66, and assisted in marking the route and grading tire road-bed across the country by the 46th parallel for the Northern Pacific Continental Railway, was married to Miss Mary A. Mc Kinstry, at De« Lodge City, on Sunday test, April 5th. lire crowning triumph of all his achievements! Congratulations duly tendered OUR NEW YORK LETTER. "IHartaz Day" in tire Metropolis—Its VtsclaltaBes and Anns) ln( Details— Th« Parks—Broadway on a Satur day—"No sack Text Book to the Stnd eat of Hawn Nature»—Beecher's East Sermon—Father Garaui-The Musical World—Miss Nil son's Fare well Coacert—She poem to Warble in other Climes—The Carl Rosa Opera Tvoope—The New York Academy of Design—'The Spring Exhibition. New York, April 23d, 1872. To the Editor of the Herald. It is almost moving time, but the thought is a moving one, I assure you. Were you ever in New York on the 1st of May ? No ! Well then you have missed an experience. A New Yorker who owns his own bouse can not be truly said to know life as it is. What does he know of sorrow, who never had his mirrors broken, his silver lost, his best furni ture defaced, his baby made sick, his wife's temper ruined and his own soul stirred to its depths on moving day. Evidently very little, and as we exist in this world for the sake of as much discipline as possible, it is without doubt not best to own your own house. Then the uncertainty as to where you shall deposit your mortal frame, the mortal frames of your family, and the inanimate forms of your household stuff, is conducive to faith. You are very glad to imagine yourself a sparrow, and you havn't the slightest wish to take thought for the morrow, when y - ou come home disgusted w ith a day's house-hunting. Of course there isn't the slightest earthly need of being discouraged. Of coure the particu lar house that yoti are destined to inhabit stands somewhere, and there is no doubt but that you will walk up to it and pull the door bell when the right time comes. You will enter it, will approve, and will take premises. Then wherefore worry? Because it is human nature to worry, especially near the first of May. It will be sure to rain on that day. You know it will—it always does. Your beds will be soaked, and your grandmother's rheu matism will be increased. A great many things would better bear increasing. But I must not dwell too long on moving «lay, touching and interesting as are its details. New York is getting itself up for Spring. The Parks are putting on green, and the elite of both sexes are appearing in the freshest of Spring costumes. On Saturday, Broadway was a study. Everybody was glad to avail themselves of the lovely w eather, and the promenade side of our magnificent avenue was crowded by all kinds and conditions. from the little dwarf with wrrinkled face and appealing eyes, holding spring violets in her hands, to the beauty whose diamonds could buy a country village. Verily, to the student of human nature, no such text-book could be found in the world as this same Broadwav, There goes " my uncle," every - line of his face suggestive of his calling, and close be side him a French bonne in her picturesque cap trundles a baby carriage, with the round est, rosiest baby face nestling in the pillows that ever you saw. You w onder if that hard faced man were ever a baby, wish Raphael were along, and pass on. Faces of every kind one sees—grave faces, gay faces, worn faces, seif-satisfied faces ; but very few sweet, serene, peaceful faces. Peace comes from a kind of life that your average New Yorker tloesn't know much about, or your average American either ; and I suppose I may - as well say, while I am about it, or your average human being either. And this reminds me of Mr. Beecher's sermon, a week ago yesterday, and the stric tures that I have heard upon it You see Mr. Beecher has spells of attacking the old theology. He is an orthodox heretic. He is very orthodox. Of course he is; nobody doubts that : but now and then he forgets all precedent, all old schools and new schools, and remembers only that he is Beecher, a man with the biggest and wannest heart in America. This was the case Sunday, aud there has been a tremendous shaking among the diy bones. "You needn't tell me," said a vinegar-faced oki woman, the other day, " that there is no predestination. What's the use in having any religion at all if the old doctrines are to he whittled down in this way." Well, you believe in predestination," I ventured to reply ; ''parhaps you are willing to be one of those who are predestined the wrong way?" But this embryo angel didn't believe in speaking lightly on religious subjects and walked off in high dudgeon. Father Gav&zzi preached last night in the Rev. Dr. Thompson s church to a very large audience. A good deal of interest is felt in this Italian delegate from the free church of Italy. He is a round-faced, good-natured looking man, rather priestly looking, but does not resemble all your typical Italians. In the musical world, Miss Nilsson's fare «•cUooncrU .0 Uta pta« „„„.«v „ 0 . ning, is the most important event. She is w aited for anxious!} - across the seas, and we must be content to let Iter so. as w e do chit ..... ® ' clk^.^W ° f *"?■**• to warbl ° mother eûmes. e can hope for a return, some musical spring, but that cannot be a certainty. She appears in four acta from four different operas, and of course the Academy will be i crowded with the wealth and beauty of the * metropolis. The Carl Rosa opera troupe j doaea its season this week. From rnouc to pictures is not a long leap, and as the New York Academy of Design now gives its spring exhibition, there te an opportunity to me what oar artists are doing. These are some very charming pictures in the exhibition, but they are, to my thinking, j invariably those that are the simplest. There should be a purpose in a picture, and that purpose should be both severely and tenderly wrought out, and there should not be too many side issues. ELEANOR KIRK. Our Northern Montana Letter. Indian Agent Simmon« and Party— «•ne to » Interview » ike Slenx—The Mackinaw Armed with Needle fun, and Henry rifles-Wolfersnnd whisky Trader« Denounced The Sweet-« rass Kill Outrage. Fort Benton, 31. T., April 27tli, 1862. To the Editor of the Herald: U. S. Indian Agent, A. J. Simmons and party - left here on the morning of the 24th ult., bound down the river to interview and issue provisions to the Sioux. It is thought he will meet some of them before going rnauy miles, as the war party supposed to be Sioux, who fireti upon a party of white men at Eagle creek, and stole four horses from them on the 16th, are probably lingering on the river not far away. Agent Simmons says he now has it in his power to comply - with the demands of these Indians, and meet their wants ; and believes further trouble can be prevented. His party consists of W. B. Judd, Chas. D. Hard, J. X. Beidlerand two interpreters from Fort Browning The party will likely be re inforced by Messrs. J. P. 3Iabbet and J. T. Bogy, who are aw ailing to join the party at Camp Cook. They sailed in thé new and splendid 3Iack inaw boat named the Jas. M. Aenotx, built for the occasion, with two sets of oars, plenty of canvas, and full complement oi guns. The The Agent said his mission is peace, but from the "Arnoux's" armament of needle gems and Henry rifles, I would say he is prepared for war (even if he don't anticipate it.) He will most probably meet the Sioux at Forts Muscle shell and Peek, where they are congregated awaiting him. * Your correspondent interviewed the agent the night before his departure, and found his " heart big" and his " medicine strong," and learned the following additional in reference to Indian affairs: The Gros Ventres and River Crow camps he had visited, and sent eighty lodges of Mountain Crows back to their agency on the Yellowstone, to Major Pease, and the River Crows, with a portion of the Gros Ventres, to the vicinity of Camp Cooke, these all having first come to Benton and made their annual spring trade. These Indians are well armed, having many Henry rifles aud plenty of ammunition supplied by ^ c ' r tinders. It is the policy of the Indian Department to keep them between the settle ments and the Sioux, their ancient enemies. The sale of breech-loading guns to the Sioux is interdicted. Agent Simmon : denounces in unmeasured tenn & 1110 51013 of tt P*rty of wolfers and half-breeds near the Sweet Grass Hills, in j t5r5,1 S u l*° n and killing four AssinaUdnes aud "minding five others, without, as he asserts, ! cause or provocation. He says these lawless desperadoes persist in going into the Indian ! cou niry, w hich the Government holds for the excla ®iTe occupation of the Indian tribes ; j tlial till and destroy their game and poison the carcasses for wolf-baits, at which the Indians are greatly incensed, as they re gard with superstitious horror the poisoning of buffalo carcasses. He caused the wolfers. Î *° leave Milk river last fall, in order to keep i peace. The Assinaboines stole some horses from them at different times, all of which, except a few head that could not be found, he recovered and returned to them, which was rewarded by their killing and wounding the Indians above referred to, who werc S 0 "? U P to the camp of the half-breeds and white men peaceably and without de monstration.* Further, he states that the lives of all white men are now endangered who travel the prairie, and that it will he difficult to restrain the Assinaboines from retaliation upon innocent parties. lie declares his pur pose of rigidly enforcing the laws, and to make it " warm" for any wolfers hereafter found in the Assinaboine country, as it is of far greater importance to the Government and to the people of the settled portions of Montana that peace should be maintained with the 31 ilk river tribes, than that a few ! wolfers, whisky traders, and outlaws should 1 1,0 permitted to roam through their country \ aiul destroy their game, and that it will be ; impossible to keep peace with the Indians ! unless these parties and their traffic are snp l' 1 '«* 3 «! Not only these, but other licensed traders, if kept away from trading for one or two seasons until an Agent can effect what is laid ! mit f° r M® to do among the Indians, will make the task much easier for him. and brim: ! 1110111 *° subjection. When they find thev ' haTC "° tr>uier to go to and get (in spite of : remonstrance) all the ammunition, blankets. gUDS "î? knives, etc., etc., it will have a sal ; ; once that he is The Chief. ' i Every honest man will endorse Agent Sim I ÎV on * v » e w» in thfa matter, and judging from tllP n«nn»»r hn hoc .1 *1.. receives from the military, it is certain he means business, and will make his "medi cia00 work. ^ oar ^, m K a Tire Gasetie of this momin* says (men tally) "if there tea man in Montana who knows, or «nui give any information of any body that does know, whether it is Demo cratic, liberal Republican, Labor Reform, or Free Lore in politics, & handsome consid eration will be paid such an one for an affidavit rntaMifthiny that fact to the mtisfac tion of its editor."