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( »NNEACEMEPIT BXEBChES. <'lo«c «»f m 8ari'r«>lal leur al I h«' Helena High Hrtiool. The Baptist church, where the cum memenient exercise« of the High School were held, was tilled last nigLt by an audience »ell pleased and interested in the proceed I uj{*. Relatives aud Irieuds ot the young graduates were present, besides numerous others who take au active inter est in the well tieiug ot one ol Helenas best educatiooal institutions. The pro gramme w as most happily arranged, and the allotted part ol each (»artu ipaut credit ably rendered. Orest mietest was mani fested by the audience f'rom the lx-ginning to the end of the exercises, and their pleasure aud apprultaiiou found frequent utterance in the applause given to each participant The exercises o|>ened with an overture hy the orcnestra, after which the salutatory was deliveied and the fol lowing excellent essay read hy Miss Kebecca Guthrie, the talented daughter ot Mr. Henry Guthrie, of this city : «EVOLUTION NOT EVOLUTION. ' in the liegmning was the Word and the Word was with Ood and the Word was God Thus say the Scriptures ; but man. whose tinite mind is incapable ol compre hending the luliaite, has nought out mauy curious dev icen whereby be might disprove tnis urand nuth ot creation. 1 lie infidel, attempting to solve the prooietu of exisiem-e. grasps at evolu tion as the key which shall unlock all mysteries, and supposes that matter na<! Us origin in chance, ami that animal file tu its lowest forms sprung spontaneous ly into being at some time m the past. Even the most unbalanced uuud must -ee how impossible this is, and no less ab ■mrd is the thoiiigii that these things have existed Just as they now are from all eternity. The atheist says there is no tn«i But to the theist there is a God d. «inctly recognized as the first cauae. the creator ot all things and by whom all things exist. A God jiossessed of power, wisdom aud all other attributes in au iiitiuite degree. In deed, these are so clearly seen from every i hing around us that we are justitied m drawing from these conclusions in regard to His work nothing was ever made in vaiu. We exist as intelligent beings, with jpahiMties to reason to learn and retain knowledge, and equally to enjoy grandeur and beauty. Tbe eaith seems not only a dwelling place, but m its reflex intluence is intended to incite the awe and gratitude of tin beholder, and these till him with the highest, sweetest and noblest enjoy ment. Thus the wonders ot creation serve as object lessons to teach u\ tbe meaning of the abstract terms, power, w isdom and lote. Tyndall admit? that tbe connection lie tween mind aud matter is unthinkable, aud that if we try to comprehend the con nection we sail in a vacuum, aud yet he rejects the revelations of scripture simply >>ecause lie cannot comprehend them. Apart from the evidente derived from the asceudmg grades of annuals up from zoophite*. us they are significantly called, nuv needs only to olmerve the progressive lileoi a single animal to see that there does not exist any break la-tween the life which shows no mi ml aud the life which does. The theory of evolution is of modern date, and proliably its duration will he brief, thougn advocated with gieat confi dence hy men of eminence in the scientific world. One objection to this theory is that its advocates can give no sufficient reason why this method of creation should have been adopted rather than auy other, and yet there must fie a good reason if the theory is true, for we find it grooving in every step in creation, aud in a matter like this where intelligent beings are most deeply interested it must lie open to their comprehension and study. Theistic but infidel evolutionists hold simply that God created a germ, aud that this germ with its God-giveu energy has developed and controls its ow n being, ex cept that ou emergencies God gave a help ing hand «specially in miioduciug rudi mentary forms of animal life. Is this con sistent with what we know ol' God? It is not ; neither is it consistent in tbe evolu tionist to admit that God created the germ, the loundatiou of all life, aud then that he created every animal form. The theory of evolution is built upon tbe order and harmony in nature, it is claimed, that there is a regular graduation in animal organism from the lowest to the highest, and that this shows the track of < realion, that tue highest forms were devel oped from the lowest in regular succession by fixed physical laws. But evolutionists themselves shut out the possibilities of Mich changes taking plaie, for anyone can -ee that any variation looking toward a change of structure is of no value to tbe »wing until the change has lieen so far per fected that it rau f»e utilized. Thus the chasm*everywhere are too wide to lie leap ed, and there is no proof that the inter mediate steps ever existed. No less un reasonable is the theory of protoplasm or development from cells, for where did the first cell origuate if there was no Creator ? The reasoning employed in this theory is as logical as that hy which the ancients tried to prove that the earth did not move, ror, saul they, if the earth moved it would '•e a planet. Now there arc seven metals, seven days in the week, seven plauets, aud if we add another to this uumlier the whole system falls to the ground; therefore tbe earth does not move. Protoplasm, the first formation, was like the first work of the stone cutter without sufficient tools to work with, hut it is from these forms of progression that we can add to our store of knowledge. Tbe microscope tells us all active sub stance is a I'.,as- of l'élis and that their ac tivity di fiers in detail rather than in pnn iTpie, notwithstanding all the fundamental resemblance which exist* between the (tower of the protoplasm of plant* and animals. They present a striking differ ence in the fact* that the plants can manufacture iresh protoplasm out of mineral compounds, while animals are obliged to obtain it ready made fr,m plants. Upon what conditions tliisdifference in the piwers ot the two divisions of the world ot life depends nothing is at present known. Protoplasm, simple or uncreated, is the formal basis of all life, and seeking for the origin of it we must eventually turn hack to the vegetable world. In opposition to this we have the nebular hypothesis. I* this not God s work for man to investigate ? Newton furnishes us with the key to the law of gravitation. The progressive changes under the men tal forces of man have a much wider rauge than under chemical and vital forces. The march of mental energy extends into every field in which the forces of nature have ever operated. There is not a feature in the wbole universe, or in its physical condition not a mineral, a plant, or animal to which mental energy has not er. tende«! its search, not only to know the things themselves but the cause and man ner of their production. No wonder we are anxious to see the sun and moon explored and their phenomena investigated. When we had no conven iences tbe attempt was more difficult. Bnt tbe most ingénions theory has revolution ized all our former ideas. Now. the -bowers of falling stars Lave lieen discov ered to Iw caused by tbe passage of the earth through great clusters ot meteoric stoue», the path of wboae clusters about the sun were diacoveied to be the same as the orbits of two known jienodical co lets. •So this extraordinary coincidence ap|arar* too remarkable to la? a work ol chance. Everything around us shows that world on world were once a fiery mass sent forth trom the hand of the Creator revolving around a common centre. Adopting this view, we see that at the first stage ot exist ence the earth was not an independent planet, that the whole mass must have been an intensely heated, gaseous globe,glowing w ith inherent light ami undergoing a pro of condensation at the surtace. until by cooling it must have reached the point w here the gaseous centre was exchange«! tor one of liquified matter and from this liquified matter ol the whole mu.-.' came the separation into systems of planets, among w hich we find our own. Thus ihe progressive coolings <«>ntintie«l until a thin crust formed, so thin in place» that it burst and gave rise to these lolly mountains that lift their heads and tell us of the mighty revolutions that brought them forth. So the nebular hypothesis is happily summed up by the poet laureate as fill lows : "The world was once a fluul haze of light, till toward tbe centre set the starry ride and eddied mto suns that w hirling cast the planets." And as we trace the great political <on v ulsions that have brought freedom to Na tions. and notice how in the world of let ters thought hasrevolutioui/.edthought,we see that the mighty changes in the past have lieen wrought by /.'< ioIhUoh not. Ee* Mium. Hearty applause greeted Mias Guthru on her conclusion, aud surprise and won derment were expressed at the intelligible manner in which she handle«! her very difficult subject. Mr. Harry Wheeler, a son of Col. W. F. NV heeler, of Helena, then followed in a carefully prepared and well «lelivered ora tion of his own composition. The subject was "Our Country," which the young patriot handled in a mauuer lioth credit able to himself and interesting to the audience. "The Silent Suie," an essay written by Miss Clara Lange, was nextd elivered by herself. It was a most creditable produc tion, showing unusual study and thorough work. Miss Lange ha» «lone very thorough ami effective work in pursuing her studies, having taken a course of four years of .attin, besides the pre»cril>e«l work liefore graduation At the conclusion of Miss Lange s essay Miss Khiland favored the audience with a vo«-al selection, remlered in as sweet voice aud artistic maimer as usual. Mr. Solomon llepuer then deliver««! a flue oration ou "Science aud Ia-gi-lation." This address showed more thorough work aud careful study than perhaps any of the others. OVmsideriug the difficulties in his way his progress is wonderful. Three years ago Master Hepner «aine to this couutry from Russia, since which time he lias made rapul strides in the acquirement of our language, and lias advamed equally in his studies. He deserves much credit for his pains-taking industry. A selection from Trovatore was then given by tbe orchestra, after which follow«?«! an essay by the valedictorian, Miss Minnie Israel, who acijuitted herself m«>st crerlit ably. We regret that want of *pa«e will not allow us to give all the essays and orations in full, as they are all worthy of publication. We congratulate all of the fiarticipauts u|m>u the creditable manner iu which they all acquitted themselves, aud teuder our hearty wishes for future success and happiness to the grailuating class of 1885. After the presentation of the diplomas by Richard Lockey, the chairman of the School Board, Marshal Botkin delivered the commencement addr**ss. an instructive and interesting discourse upon «-duration. Through lack of space we are only able to give vLe following synopsis of his eloquent dissertation : He remindtsl them that it was at the hands of ihe t «immunity that they had re ceived the ex«-elleut instruction which they had so admirably illustrated in the prevt ous exercises, aud that they could not a« cept so precious a gift without incurring some obligation. First of all, they owed upng.it lives that should vindicate the fundamental America» principle that the j widest liberty can sately exist when tree schools are maintain.«! to give us educated J men and women. But his immediate pur pose was to a»k them to perform their part as scholars toward secunug letter treat ment for the Knglish language. It is a noble tongue, tsjual to all the demands ot thought aud enshrining in its literature some of the most precious products «>t tbe human intellect. But with all its claitu upon our pride ami gratitude, we abuse it without shame or remorse. It wa« urged upon the graduates as a consideration that should ad«lress itself forcibly to their minds that to write and speak correctly is the most conspicuous luidge of scholar ship; it is this test that they must daily meet. Their more pretentious 'acquire ments might "blush unseen" but what they knew ami what they *iid not kuow ol English orthography and syntax they cou'd not fail to testily lietdre men. Deferring to a personal experience, the speaker lamented the lack of accuracy among (»ersous of the educated class when they submit manuscripts for publication by tbe press. He urged that there is no detail in the use of the English language— which is the instrument of all our thoughts and all our speech, ot all our afiairs aud all our sentiments, of our amusement and our worship, of the infant's lullaby am! the mourner's re«|Uiem—that does not deserve our most painstaking attention. Mr. Botkin refermi to the quality ol our language—to the colloquial forms of spee« h and the vocabulary that we reserve tor dress parade, and protested against it. Speaking of the language of the frontier, he said that alter years of careful oliserva tion he had never been able to determine what the word "outfit" injthe mountaineer's language does not mean. He appealed to the graduates, as scholars, to elevate our standard of Knglish speech, and to restore to our lips "the pure well of Fnglisb unde tiled." In conclusion, the speaker aske«l the grailuates to reflect that their education had not lieen conclud«d ; that for better or worse it must go on. If it should ever seem that a motive were wanting they could find it in tbe language of Infinite Wisdom, "You can do all things ' km««» M heat Crop. Topeka, Ks., June 3.—The Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture ha- uot yet given out his report as to the status of the wheat crop. From private sources it is learned that the Hessian tly and chinch hags are making sad havoc of the wheat fields, and it is not believed now that the State of Kansas will harvest over fifteen or twenty million bushels of that crop. IN THE SPOKANE COUNTRY. an Inviting Region. J 0 hn McCaffertv's Pleasant Discourses of fcoKKESPOXDEXl'E OF THE I1KKALD.] Kokt .Spokane, W. T., dune 4,1885.— Arriving at Spokane Falls on the 28th ult., I arranged for a deflecting trip to this mil itary post. Accordingly, at 7 a. m. on the 29th, Mr. Young, one of the enter prising proprietors of the Spokane Falls ^ j.. Spokane Staue tdini.auv amiated rori l* ,k *"* st »« e '-« n M«uy, assisted tue to a seat in one ot the commodious coaches of ihe line. The mail and ex press lieiug uexi iu place, we skipped west ward at |ht> klDg rale ol teu milc8 an ^...... T 1 just 40 minutes. As we reached the west ^-rn etlge of the plateau overlooking the mj a tfra , le d road wound notlh ... w »rd down, .»HU feet to fort Spokane, The driver halting at the summit to see that everything was in place, Sergeant () £ a(lv c o( tb e movement to J * ... <*» my attention to the strategical leatures liour. It was a delightful morning anil we were enthusiastically in harmony with the surroundings. Ordnance Sergeant Oxley, in route trom Fort Towoseud to Fort Spokane, enjoyed the -eat with me, ami he proved a very interesting com panion. He has s«!eu t wen fy-three years act 1 v e sei vice,several of w hich bavela-en tie voted to this department; he will prove, no doubt, au efficient stall officer. As we trotted out the surroundings were seen to great advantage. The town is situated la-tween the tailroad aud falls, though the city limits extend beyond both. It is a natural business eeutre, and pro» jiectively will expand to metropolitan rank. It has immense water rapacity for milling operations. The falls of tbe Spo kane nvei are, beyond any doubt, tbe most pleasingly artistic Ireak of nature along the entire line of the Nm them 1'acitic t the National Bark is off the line I, and there fore all tourists over the route should make a stop at that ]>oint ; otherwise they would miss a wild, wautou picture, replete with delightful situations aud charming captivity. One mile out tbe r«»ad slope- wiudiugly down to aud across Hangman creek, so named, I understand, iu commemoration ot the hanging of a number of Indian chiefs by Geu. Wright during the Spokane outbreak of ISA"*. At the same place on that occasion the General had at least 1,UU0 horses shot. Su«h vigorous action completely «lemoralize.i tbe Intiiaus, and they I>egge«l for peace, when a most satis factory treaty was mane with them, which, I am pleased to add, they have never vio lated. Crossing the bridge w# s«*on reachwl the Sw iss dairy farm, which supplies the city of Spokane with milk aud butter ; thence to the vi liage of Ih-ep Creek Falls, fifteen miles from Sjtokane. It is situate«t above the creek sn tbe great plateau stretching westward to the British line. The popu lation of this village may miml»er 150, and the buildings, though »mall, are very neat. While the horses '«ere la-ing watered the mail bags were «liangt-l, after which we bolted on to Courtrights station, where we had dimer. He has a fine farm. an«l tbe improvements are first class. It is thirteen aides northwest of Deep creek tails. Alter par takiug of a goo«l meal Mrs. Courtngbt entertained us with aon>e select music on her piano, all of which we enjoye«!, espe«'ial]y the popular eastern air, "I Never Dnuk Behind the Bar." "All alx»ard.''sung out the «lriver. "All set," replie«! the passengers; then, waving a kiud farewell to tbe charming laudlatly, we trotte«! on to Muodovi Post office, it is the headquarters of an extensive agri cultural and stockgrowing range. After mail (touches were overhuuleii we struck out for Davenport. It is a fine little vil lage, and should properly l*e the county seut. With a fiual relay we cauieusi <*u to Egypt, theuce to the elegant home of Mr. Keeier, where we had supper. He is one of the pioneers of Calitornia. aud, I am please«! to add. a worthy representative of that enterprising army of Biers. From theme to the Fort, distant three miles, in of the lmation of the post. "It would seem," said he, "that nature had create«l it for a military post." "When was it estab lished ?" He answered, "Col. Merrimun, with -everal other», including Mr. James M«»naghan. the I'ost Trader, left Colville in search of a desirable location, and. after many days of weary travel, finally selecte«! this site. This was in 18*0, and it was then name«l Fort Spokane." Since then, with a very small apropriation, less than $50.HUU, Col. Mernman ha.- carried to com pletion the building up of perhaps the most elegantly appoiute«l six-company post in thi Northwest. Having digressed a little we now return to the bluff, from I whence we fairly Hew down the winding gra«le to the post and express office, located in Mr. Monaghan's post trading establish ment, just three-«|uarters of a mile from the summit! and which was made in five minutes. Some of those curves seem before me now. As I jumped from the coach, Mr. Mona ghan received me with the frankness of a frontier gentleman, and soon after I was ushered into the sunshine of his beautiful home, where 1 was duly presented to Mrs. Monaghan and their lively little daughter. Also, to Miss Gallagher, their cousin. I was then elected their special guest during my stay at the post, and bade me to consider their home mine, which generous invita tion 1 most gladly accepted. It proved, indeed, all that I could wish for, a de lightful home. May the sunshine of its charming hospitality never wane. 1 must here say that the entire stretch of country between Spokane Falls and Fort Spokane is distinctively a fanning region, and will become densely populated within the next ten years. Here, then, is a vast field Ivr thousands of honest, industrious immigrants. The climate is all that they could most wich for , but those coming oat here should hav e sufficient means to carry over the first year. Atiout 3 p. m. on the 30th, Dr. W. H. Faulkner, the special agent detailed for the transfer of the Xez Perce Indians from the Indian Territory to the Colville reserva tion. arrived at Fort Spokane with C'hi«?t Joseph, fifty bucks aud about 100 squaws and children. That evening the I>octor turned them OTer to Mr. SidDey D. Waters, the United States Indian agent for th? < ol ville Indian reservation. From Col. M» rrl ' man aud Agent Waters I learne«! th.> it ls tbe intention of the government to pi 'ide well lor Chief Joseph and his peoj -, ** they have been sinned against far more i than sinning. Chief Joseph is a very tine looking Indian, about six feet high. *«B bu.lt. straight and clean cut Inn!**. » ith a general expression (teaming from b - la» , c similar to that of the Father of the Kepub lic—our grandly sublime Washington The moral atmosphere of the p«* f . I a» 1 glad so say, is far purer than 1 have lound it elsewhere; which, 1 am sure, is the na tural result of Col. Merriruan's supervision. In fact, the officers seem to vie with the Colonel in all acts proniotive ol perfect discipline. I was exceedingly pleased dur ing Chaplain Blaine's sermon, of last Bun «iay evening. agaiDst infidelity, by the ear nest. tleep and emotioual Itearing of Lieut. Welister. In the words ot the la«!ies, "He's a good un !" With thanks to all those who ma«le my (tassage and sojourn here plea-ant. I l»eg to remain, as ever, JOHN Mi «'A F PUTTY. THE NORTHWEST REBELLION. Arrival ot Oumont anti Diiiiihi- at Renton. Gabriel Dumont and Michael Dutuaise, the former the reported Lieutenant of Kiel aud in reality the Adjutant General of tbe provisional government, are now iu Benton, and were re«eutly interview»*«! hy a Hirer Prêt» re|»orter and gave their ver sion of the rebelliou, which is published iu that paper's issue ol the 5th inst. Alter the defeat at Batouche they <r«isse«l the border and were picked up by some Unite«! States soldiers, who took them to Fort Assiual»oine. The provisional government which was organized by the haIf-bree«Lscontaiu«?d the following officers : Pierre Paieuteau, 1'residcrt : Gabriel Du mont, Adjutant General : Philip Gamoat, Secretary of Council, ami Chas. Nolin, Commissioner. Kiel was not President and hehl no position in the government. In the first engagement with Middleton at Fish creek forty-seven ball-breeds re lieved his fonw of BOO men with their artillery ami Gattling guns. The troops Ifist between forty and fifty men in this conflict, while the loss ot the rebels was «inly four. They conclude their account of the defeat at Batouche a- followrs : l»n the morning of the fourth day of the tight word was sent trom the other side of the river that the ammuuituHi lor their Winchesters was giving out, am! this news caused dismay in the half-breed camp. It als«> liecame reported that Kiel would surrender; but Ihimout and hi-fighters stood at their (Kists as long as possible, and wheu Middleton made his successful charge the result «ould not lie other than what it was. Ammunitiou ami «sin fide ace were gone ami the reliel retreat commenced. The half bre«?d8 left ten «lea«l upon the field that day, and what losses the troops sustained they can «mly guess at. "If our ammunition had uot given out," sai«l Duuiais. "we would have won this battle as easily as wc did the others, where the odds against us were even greater. Kiel was not in any of the fights; bis hea«lqiiarters were at Batouche. whence he issued his orders aud directions. It has lieen re|K»rte«l that be acted with cowardice, sold out, aud all of that, hat Dumont stoutly denies the charges, am! gives him cmiit for good conduct. Thes«: men «lid not see Kiel after the battle ; they hasteue«! to where their horses were, mounted ami fle«i. They are thankful for the protect iou afiordtsl them on this side of tbe line, and only hojie that their action may secure to the half breetls of the northwest the rights they are entitled to. Tn» (teople of Montana have a rich mar ket at home if they would set about sup plying it. Hundreds of thousands of dol lars that are now sent out ot the Territory to pay lor butter, lard, pork, <W*, poultry, and other prov isions aould ami should lie saved to our own producers and the money kept in the Territory. These things could tie profitably produced at home and sup plie«! to meet every home demand. If money is scarce it is because it is sent away to buy things that might lie produced at home. Our land is as eheap and pro ductive as in any other part of the «-oun try. and though labor may be dearer there is not a farmer or ranchman who could not hy a little increase of care ami energy in crease his supplies for the market and iu the aggiegate it would amount to a large sum. The difficulty suggests the remedy. If it will not pay to work larger acres on hire«! help, it points to the propriety of having many smaller farms worked with out hired help. I^et these men who want to hire out aud can't find places take up laDds aud work for themselves. There is a good market for all they can produce. If farmers cannot compete with producers in Oregon, Dakota and Utah, at the pres ent high rates of transportation, what are they going to do when these rates are re duced, as they are sure to be? If our pres ent rate of farmers cannot successfully solve this question, it is certain others will come in aud take the opportunity and make fortunes on the same field where our farmers now sav there is no chance for profit. Our borne market is a rich one. No Territory has a better one. Till it is fully supplied diversified farming ought to pay well, while our mines, fiocks and hertls can always reach outside markets at con stantly increasing rates. As prices of pro vision and cost of living are reduced our mines will lie more generally worked and at greater profit. How is it that with an accumulation of over four millions in the National treasury last month and five luillioas the month be fore, there has not been a call to redeem a single outstanding interest-bearing !>ond. Three ^months of the Administration gone and the interest-bearing debt of the United States has not been reduced one penny. Instead of using the accumulations in the treasury to pay off the bonded debt, the Administration is only increasing the accu mulations. Premise and performance seem to be diverging widely. GLADSTONE'S DEFEAT. The news of Gladstone's defeat on the second reading of the budget, by a ma jority of twelve on a very full vote of the House, is probably decisive and will lead to his immediate or early resignation. We confess that we lament his defeat al most as much a- we did the defeat of a Republican President. If there is a -in gle Englishmen above all other- in whose state-maii-hip we have full confi dence, it is f 'adstone. England has many great ana good men, but not on« who can compare with Glad-tone. It is not that he has no rivals in eloquence and learning among the public men of England. These are subordinate though important elements in statesmanship. There is no Englishman w ho so well un stand- English history and the character ol the English people. His aim has been to give substantial strength to tbe British Empire but cultivating the art» of peace, by extending the franchise as the people liecame fitted for it by e«iuca tion and development. Disraeli was a trickster in comparison with Gladstone, ready always to plav the bully, seeking to dazzle and divert the attention of the fieople, without consistency or looking for any far-reaching results. W hile in some things Gladstone has b«?en too con servative to suit our American ideas, we have always felt confident that he knew the English people better than we «lid. But there was always a -teadv advance in his policy. He ha» been a g<x»d finan cier, maintained the credit of the Nation and advanced its material interests. All of the costly and «liscreditable wars in w hich England has of late been engaged were heir-looms from his predecessor, from which he ha» done his l*est to extricate his government. If he has not done for Ireland all that the friends of Ireland desired, he has at lea-t been in advance of the general sentiment of Englishmen, and ha- indnce«l them to concede more than any other leader could have done. The Czar's concessions to preserve peace were more a concession to the honorable, pacific statesmanship of Gladstone than to the English nation, and thi- defeat will be a signal to renew war prepara tions, not only in Russia, but in every country in Europe. The radical- who have deserted the Liberal ministry have made a great blunder. They cannot organize any party of themselves with any hope of gaining the ascendancy for y«*ars. Th« Tories that have won a temporary triumph by alliance with the Home Ruler- cannot h«>ld |x<wer and continue the alliance without conces sions that will drive away the country squires and Ihe landlord- that have con stituted the backbone and ImmIv of that body. A- one of the immediate effects of this defeate, England will probably »oon lie engaged in one of the greate-t wars of the world, certainly one of the most expensive. As «me of the more remote results, there will lie a new Conservative party formed out of the Tory and Whig lamllord element and a new Liberal party. As for the Irish party, they have their purjwise to work for separation and will rtever join either Engli-h party but for temporary purpose». Those who have declared again-t the Gladstone ministry because of an increase of the excise tax, have helped to plunge the country into a general war which will double and trebble every tax and soon d«>uble the national debt. In the inter ests of peace, progress an«I humanity, we deplore the defeat and retirement of Gladstone. Those Democrats of Montana who are af ter office—and this Territory lurnjshes its full quota of them—will now take heart. Mr. Bob Kelly, of Deer Lfxlgc. has got to lie U. S. Marshal, rice Hon. Alex. C. Botkin, removed. The closeof the long tight for this appointment is announced to-day. This is the first one off the anxious seat, and a great sigh of relief goes up from the West Side of the Territory. Between the Toole and Maginnis factions, this is a triumph for Joe's side. The new Marshal, we are satisfied, « an't quality any too soon to suit the present incumbent. It is important, in one respet t. that he should take office as soon a- possible. The withheld î>'i5,JU0 appropriation lor the penitentiary should lie got hold of aud made available for the waiting work ou that over-crowded institution. Kelly is one of the fiercest rebels who ever fought with his mouth, but other things consid ered he Ls perhaps the fittest selection for Marshal. _ Gov. IIlLL, of New York, ha.» made him self ridiculous by tbe reasons assigned for his second veto of tbe census bill. He says there was unjust discrimination against the cities in reijuiring that tbe census in them should lie taken within two weeks, while double that time was allowed in countiy districts. The New York Herald calls Gov. Hill s attention to the fact that this distinction was adopted trom the national census aud is founded on wise considerations universally recog nized. In London the census is taken >u a single day. Instead of making himself popular with his party in the hope of securing tbe nomination for Governor, Hill has overreached himself and merited tbe opposition of his own party. If the census had lieen taken under the law first passed the Democrats would probably have gained two senators and six representatives in New York city and Brooklyn, where there has been the largest increase of population. It was the beer tax that nominally con tributed the last straw to break down the Gladstone Ministry, and yet Sir Michael Baas, the prince of English brewers, voted loyally with the minority to sustain the budget Those who complained at a small tax will now have to pay a mach larger one. appointment or mr. kelly. It i- not surprising that a Democratic l'tesident should choose lo«-al officers in the fcouth from unrej^ntant reliels, and the fact might be forgiven that »«»me < abinet «ifficers, head- of bureaus, and foreign ministers are taken from the ' -ame cla-s. though the appointment of -uch men as Ijiwton and Blackburn was rather an unnecessary affront to the loyal sentiment of America. But when there is au office to be fillt-i iu the forty fifth parallel of latitude, and when the ■ president »elects from dozens of appli cant» the man who i» most notorious as an enemy of the Union, the fact is highly significant. We have no unkind leeling toward , Mr. Kelly, who i- »aid to be a gentle man poss es s i ng many g«x»d qualities, a kind neighbor and friend. A weakness ot his character is his intense prejudme». which fall little »hurt of nania. < tne of these is most unreas«>nablv aimed against Helena, and this has been at times almost absurdly manifested. As an instance, he was wild with delight when the forgery of the Meagher i*«>uiitv returns defeateil the removal of the capital to this place, though be must have kiinwu that it was a fraud. But it is of Mr. Kelley a» an unrecon structe«i rebel that we are speaking. H« is -imply that and nothing more. Nearly thirty years ago, being tlieu a citizen of Missouri, he was actively engage«! iu the conspiracy to force slavery into Kan-as—a crime again»*, civilization for which years offer no condonement. He «•»tablish«'d and edited a pajier called the JUtrdtr JRoJkm, which name candidly ex |ir«*»se«l it- character, and which cham pioned the effort to force the Lecompton constitution «»n the pe«»ple of Kansa-. When that enterprise failed and the w ar followed, he wa» credited a Missouri bushwhacker, warring again-t his loyal neigblxir* and taking an occasional shot at a Yankee soldier. When the l nion party gaine«l ascendency in Missouri he removed to Montana, but we have never learned that he had repented of his dis loyalty. The fact seems to be that he is rather proud of it. We speak of Mr. Kelley as a tyjie, and we submit that hi»ap]K>intment here in Montana, where there are many patriotic citizens of the Democratic party to choose front, i- a conclusive proof of the supremacy of rebel influence over the administration that we brought oil ourselves bv the selection «»faltemo cratic President. THE I . 8. MARSHALS HIP. Kt iiimul of Hr. Botkin---An Inter view with the l.nte Lnmeiited. A Hkhai.ii reporter cal let! on Marshal Botkin this morning to see how a Federal office-holder looked with bis heatl ofi. He was found iu his office on Breckinridge street, engaged in settling the accounts of the penitentiary. Before the visitor hadja chance to apply his pumping apparatus, tbe Marshal informetl him that when he took charge of the penitentiary the eost of that institution to the Unite«! States was $1.53 per day for each convict. For the mouth just closed it was 73 cents per day—which reduction he laughingly pre sumed to lie one of the gtounds for his re moval. In reply to a question aU>ut his suc «•essor, he said that uo selection «-ould have pleased him lietter. Mr. Kelly is an hon orable and coiu]ietent gentleman and an intimate friend. When the effort was made to remove Mr. Botkin la»t winter. Mr. Kelly, whose residence at Deer Lodge enabled bim to judge of tbe merits of tbe charges, was one of the first to sign a re monstrance. Mr. Kelly is an old citizen of Montana, aud there is no reason to jtear that he will make the office of Marsh al an instrument of oppression or blackmail. ^ When asked as to the cause of his re moval he said he supposed it must lie "offensive partisanship," which he under stood to be a (latent contrivance for recon ciling Jacksonian Democracy and the mug wumpism of the period. He noticed that three Territorial Marshals were decapitated at the same time, and surmiseil that they were all removed on (»olitical ground Referring to the charges that were made against him last winter, he said they seemed to have lieen dis]Nj»ed of wheu the Senate refused to confirm Mr. Kreidler. In this connection lie remarke«! upon the «-ontrasi between the investigation of Mr. Harrison, which is now in progress, and that which was conducted in his case. Mr. Harrison is allowed to confront the wit nesses agaiust him, to cross-examine them, to be represented by counsel, and to sum mon and examine as many witnesses in his own behalf as he saw fit. Moreover, a law officer sits with the examiner and excludes everything but legal evidence, Wheu he (Marshal Botkin* was investi gated, the examiner was given a list of witness«» by his accusers, which consisted of the Marshal's most bitter official an«l political enemies. Then he went to ea»h of these privately, and assuring hitu that his name and testimony would not tie cotuniunii ated to Mr. Botkin, without ad ministering an oath asked the witness to tell everything be knew or had heard that reflected upon tbe Marshal s official con duct. The statements, so secretly taken, constituted the case against Marshal Bot kin. Tbe Marshal pertinently inquired what officer's character could not be made to suffer by such a method of procedure. And this was done under the directions of the Department of Justice—I nch« a non Incarné*. Mr. Botkin said nothing respecting his fnture plans farther than that he would on no account leave the Territory. ( Rt. Rev. Bishop Dudley, of Kentucky, has an instructive article on the question, What shall the South do with the negro ? in the last Century. He believes in fili ation, though not of coarse amalgamation. Hie ideas are sonnd and we hope they will «prend at the Booth. SMELTING WORKS. Iu the matter of smelting works, all are agree«! that if erected and success fully worked they would prove a great benefit to Helena. And it is also ven true that times and circumstance* are more favorable in every respect than when the experiment was made before. But our idea is that the movement will be much more apt to lie a success, if those who make the expriment do it with ibeir own money, rather than with that «if other pe<»ple. If we could find some man with capital and practical ex (•erience who is willing to invest lx»th in the enterprise, our citizens could afford to offer a substantial lwinus. We confess that on any other basis w« should not feel as confident of success. ( >ur past experience »hows us that there are two sidt** to this question. \N hile su«'cess would help us, a failure would hurt us. When the attempt is repeated, we want it to be under circumstances that will render failure impossible. We are confident that there are enough good mines near to Helena to furnish smelting works steady and profitable work, but these mines, it mu-t be contessed, are not vet very well develoj*ed to prove the quantity or quality of their supply. If these mines were better developed it would greatly aid the solution of thi» question. S«»uie say that mines will not lie developed until there is a home mar ket lor «»re», but we btdieve that any mine well developed, with plenty of (lay ing ore in sight and on the dump wilt pay tluise who put their money or labor in use in this direction, l'aying ore on the «lump will find a market and w ill build mills and smelters. Of c«»ur»e there is a natural order of development that must be followed to assure success, and it would seem to be the proper course to know first the nature of the ores to be treated liefore works are erected to treat them. There is a prospect that the elections for members of the next House of Commons in Great Britain will lie the most exciting ever known. Tbe question ot war with Russia will lie oue of the issues, but it is not by any means certain that it w ill lie the leading oue. The Liberals have out lined a few demands that will almost amount to a revolution in the British Con stitution. They propose to attack the House of Ixmls, cutting «low n tbe numlier of the hereditary Beers and substituting life titles theiefor. They propone further to « bauge the law of entail, doing away with the right of primogeniture, so that the large e*tat«?s shall tie divided, aud in couueetiou with this to simplify the law of «•onveyanees. If these chang«*s are niatle the British goverumeut will lie«ome more popular aud very much stronger. The idea of hereditary legislation seem- to us prejKisteious. A man's fitness for that posi tion depends upon his personal qualities, □ot up«m bis name, or am-estors, or the amount of land he holds. It is the uni versal tratimony of history that there is a temlency to «legeneracy in every family. The sons of really great men are seldom equal to their fathers m auy respect, not withstanding the utmost care iu their edu tion. Iu fact, the general rule is that they are inferiors to the average. The s«K-ial restriction of intermarriage tend also to degeneracy. There are not one-third «»f the members of the House of Lords that are personally fit for their jiosi tions. and it their places couhi lie tille«! by more suitable men from other ranks of life it would vastly increase the ability and influence ofthat branch of the legislature. NY bat seems to us so natural and desirable a change is not going to lie accomplish«?«! without a long and desperate struggle. There are certain very powerful Whig families who will oppose this change as stoutly as the Tories, and iu the « ud there will tie a breaking up of political parties and a reorganization on different principle-, British conservatism, tbe influence of fam ily names, and the innate respect for title ami noble hloixl will stay the progress of this popular revolution probably a genera tion or more, but it is evident to us on thi. side of the Atlantic that it is coming and nothing in the worbl can stay its march. We are not sure but iu the very next elec tion the alliame of the Whigs and l.ilierals will go to pieces. To all appearances Gla«l stone is the only common tie that its ex istence depends upon, and he«anuot iu the natural course of things live much longer Harrington or Churchill are neither of them competent to lead a national party. Any government they could form would not stand tw«> years, and it is very hanl to pick out tbe men that will lie the leaders teu years hence. That is goiug to lie a stormy, critical period. Kugland for the first time in history has uot a single ally on the continent of Lurope, and so long as this condition continues she will hardly dare to engage in a war that will bring down upon her the united military strength of the continent. The most natural ally of Fug land is the United States, anti there are a thousand things to indicate that there will some time he an alliance of all the Knglish »(leaking nations on the earth. The hope of liberty, enlightenment ami commerce rest on the accomplishment of this result. A suit of twenty-three years stamlin has has just lieen decided by the Ne N ork Court of Appeals in favor of it heirs of Cyrus H. McCormick against tli Pennsylvania Central railroad for the lot of baggage, the trunks containing valuabl jewelry as well as dresses Every cot ceivable device for delay and evasiou wet resorted to by the company, but they wei defeated on every («int, aud found a antagonist with as much money au tenacity as itself. The judgment was f< $16,431, tint it has cost either (»arty te times that sum in litigation. With cholera and earthquakes in north ern India, sensible Englishmen will con gratulate themselves that vast armies are not to be concentrated there at present.