Helena weekly herald. [volume], April 12, 1888, Page 2, Image 2

About Helena weekly herald. [volume] (Helena, Mont.) 1867-1900

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"OUR COUNTRY."
An Eloquent Response by Comrade
William J. Galbraith at the
Miles City Banquet.
The following ia the text of the eloqnent
response of Hon. W illiam J. Galbraith at the
department encampment, Grand Army of
the Republic, at Miles City, March 21st., to
the toast, "Our Country, One and Indivisi
ble ; May the good in its past prove but a
foreshadowing of the future : '
Comrades , Fellow Citizens and Gentlemen :
This subject is so vast and comprehensive
that I am not able to do it justice within
what I consider to be the proper limits of a
response to a sentiment of this character,
proposed upon such an occasion as the one
upon which we are present here this even
ing, but I will endeavor to say a few words
within these limits, which I hope may be
germane to the subject proposed. Our
country is one in that the allegiance of
every citizen within its borders is due first
to the Government of the United States,
so far as power and authority are conferred
upon it by the Constitution. This power
and this authority have subjected to the
severest tests, to the hottest crucible of ex
perience, to which the powers and authori
ties of nations have ever been or are ever
likely again in the history of the world to
be subjected, and have been found sufficient
for all governmental purposes whatsoever.
It is "one" in so far as that it is the para
mount duty of every citizen in every State
and Territory and every portion of its do
main to render obedience to the Constitu
tion of the United States and the laws,
made in pursuance thereof, anything in
the Constitution and laws of any State or
Territory to the contrary notwithstanding.
Our country is "one" in that the inhabi
tants of no State or Territory nor any por
tion of its domain can withdraw them
selves from the operation of this Constitu
tion, or these laws, except perhaps for some
cause coming within the purview of the
principles enunciated by the Declaration
of Independence, without being both
morally and legally guilty of treason and
rebellion against the government of the
United States.
This doctrine, although once disputed,
has been so often asserted and successfully
maintained and vindicated in different
arenas of contlict as now to have become
generally recognized as a maxim, or axiom,
or self evident truth.
It acquired so great a triumph in the
forum of reason as to have obtained the
approval and approbation of the best un
derstanding and judgment of the nation
and of the civilized world. And when
the appeal was made to the god of battles
it achieved the most complete and over
whelming triumpA by which any national
principle was ever established, by the
arbitrament of war, by the judgment of
the Almighty.
It is a matter to us of the very highest
pride and self-congratulation that we were
participants in this memorable contlict and
that in the providence of God our names
are enrolled among the numbers of that
mighty host of heroes who achieved the
victory.
It is our most precious, our proudest, re
flection, that the beet portion of our lives
was so spent in the service of our country
and was not spent in vain. These years
could not have been better employed; they
could not have been devoted to a higher or
holier purpose than in participation in this
most sacred cause. Even then our ene
mies, who now I believe withont hypoc
risy profess the warmest friendship for the
Union, rejoice in the fruits secured by the
triumph of Concord, Right and Justice
over Discord,Injustice and Oppression, and
admit that victory to them would have
brought misfortune; that our conquest was
their gain, and that the defeat and humili
ation of their canse has become the
nation's greatest glory.
Not the acquisition of untold wealth or
the attainment of the highest station, dig
nity or distinction in the State or Nation,
in times of peace or prosperity, can ap
proach in value the hallowed memories,
the sacred reminicences, of those eventful
years, nor their worth or pride outshine in
brilliant luster that legacy of honor and
glory which the soldier for the Union can
hand down to his children and to his chil
dren's children from generation to genera
tion forever.
The triumphant wreath which binds the
Union soldier's brow will never fade, but
will flourish with a greener hue and brighter
lustre, with fresh verdure and flowers,
plucked from the boundless, never fading
fields of immortality.
We, therefore, each one of us, my fellow
soldiers, possess a most priceless jewel, the
proud reflection that we aided in maintain
ing the integrity of our country and, as we
fondly believe, have established its su
premacy, its unity, as one and indivisible
until time shall be no more.
When the past presents the most rapid
elevation to the greatest height of moral
and political grandeur which the world
has ever witnessed, what can we not pre
dict of the future ? Our highest hopes can
hardly realize what our own experience has
designated may be the reality.
Who, for example, in the wildest dream
of youth ever, even in the highest flights
of his imagination, contemplated at this
period of his life that he would one day,
as we do now, engage in the formation, the
promotion, of the lofty destinies of a com
monwealth which promises to become one
of the brightest stars in the national con
stellation, one of the fairest virgins in the
sisterhood of States here beneath the som
bre shadows of the Rocky Mountains ?
It is not for me, even if I had time, to
draw the picture. Great intellects, bril
liant imaginations, have, I believe, without
exaggeration, presented to the world the
splendid, gorgeous scene when our coast
lands and the valleys of our great rivers
shall abound with a population, a civiliza
tion, an architectural grandeur and magni
ficence far more n imerous and powerful,
more cultivated and more sublime than
those of the Euphrates, the Nile, the In
dus, the Hellespont or the Tiber ; when
these valleys and these plains beneath the
shadows of our mountains shall become
very gardens in beauty and fertility, and
when in the development of their resources
these mountains themselves shall resound
and reverberate with the hum and clangor
of machinery, and sba'l glow with fur
naces and crucibles of fire. I verily
believe that free government will only
have attained its consummation, will only
have achieved its perfect work with
the universal recognition of the
divine principle of the fatherhood of God
and brotherhood of man, when the world's
inhabitants shall become substantially one
nation subject to this Sovereign's sway
alone ; when the time shall come that "the
lion and the lamb shall lie down together,
and a little child shall lead them;" when
the time shall come that "men shall beat
their swords into plow shares and their
spears into pruning-hooks ;" when "nation
shall not rise up against nation, neither
shall they learn war any more ;" for He
has made of one blood ail nations of men
who dwell on all the face of the earth.
Who can tell, who can predict what
precious fruitage this, the fairest, the
brightest flower of the past ages, will bear
for the waiting inhabitants of earth ?
But there is one element which will
enter as a mighty factor into this future
greatness, grandeur and prosperity to
which I wish briefly to call your attention.
It is that portion of our country and its
inhabitants redeemed at the expense of so
much of the nation's blood and treasure. It
is true that it is with feelings of pride and
exultation that we thus assemble yearly in
our department and national encampments,
but it is for the victory won for the entire
Nation, North as well as South, that we are
thus assembled.
We rejoice in the rising prosperity of the
redeemed territory and its people which
promises to add so much to the future
greatness and glory of the Nation.
It is not in a spirit of arrogant pride, or
haughty triumph over a fallen foe, that we
meet to celebrate these occasions. Our
then enemies were our own countrymen,
who owed and had acknowledged alle
giance to the same great and good govern
ment, who had been hand in hand with us
in peace and prosperity, as well as in ad
versity, and who had stood shoulder to
shoulder with us through three bloody,
memorable foreign wars, in which we were
the victors. Together we had achieved
our iodependence ; together we had hum
bled the pride of haughty Britain upon
land ns well as upon that element which
she had always claimed was her own pecu
liar empire, the high seas, and together we
had carried the flag of the free to the capi
tal of Mexico and caused it to wave in
triumph over the halls of theMontezumas.
Together we shared in the honor of these
glorious achievements, of these proud mem
ories. They were, therefore, our own coun
trymen, the members of our own national
household, equal in courage, and doubtless
equally convinced, however mistakenly, of
the justice and righteousness of their cause.
It was therefore not in a spirit of per
sonal or sectional hostility or animosity
hat we, as soldiers, warred with our breth
ren, but it was to assert and maintain the
national unity, integrity and supremacy
against the heresy of the right of secession.
It was to redeem the wounded honor of the
insulted Flag, the emblem, the standard of
our common government, that we arrayed
ourselves against them in the grim pano
ply of war. They threw down the gaunt
let and we took it up in the firm belief
that we were in the right and with the
hope and the prayer that the right should
prevail ; and the right did prevail.
It had already won in the forum of rea
son, where its champion was the clear
eved master of logic and eloquence, he who
was called by way of pre-eminence "the
expounder of the Constitution," the peer
less, the mighty Webster ; and in this ap
peal to the God of battles the judgment of
the Divine Arbiter, the Lord of Hosts, was
for us again. That judgment the conscience
even of our then enemies and of the civil
ized world now acquiesces in and recognizes
its righteousness ; and in relation to this
judgment also the motto of the Grand
Army of the entire Nation, both North and
South, will, we believe, ever be, "Nulla
vestigia retrorsom ." There shall be no steps
backward, and it is for this victory and the
right and its assured consequences and that
we were the agents, the instrumentality of
that right, and not in a spirit of malevolent
hostility or auimosit y, or malicious pride,
rancor or self-glorification that we thus
meet in triumph.
The South has no better friends than
the soldiers of the Grand Army of the Re
public. We look with anxious, hopeful
eyes upon her advancing prosperity, for
she is now and ever has been a part of our
common country, but we do not desire to
see her clinging to old, worn out, stale and
effete ideas, and especially to that old
heresy of the right of secession which has
been almost the cause of her and the
Nation's ruin.
It is with joy and pride and gladness
that we recognize the New South, arising
upon the charred and blackened ruins of
the old, a structure being erected in har
mony with the advancing spirit of the
civilization and enlightenment of the age.
We look with loving, anxious, tender
solicitude npon this New South, arising
like enother Phoenix from her ashes, and
not like the old, disfigured and entangled
with the curse in the meshes of slavery,
nor with those of a half-barbarous civiliza
tion, like that of medneval Europe, bnt
free and unfettered she will soar aloft to
look npon the sun of our modern civiliza
tion in his midday splendor, and soon to
astonish the world with the harmony of
her proportions, with the beauty and bril
liancy of her adornment,and with the swift
ness, the glory and the brightness of her
rising.
This South is hand and heart with us in
loyalty and fidelity to the flag and the
great and good Government which it rep
resents.
Among its most enthusiastic leaders are
some of the bravest and best and yet who
were the most bitter of our old antagon
ists, but who now see the error of their
ways and the folly of clinging to old and
effete ideas and false principals long ago
cast off, sloughed by the progressive civili
zation of our age. This South will not
present to our view an unsightly and un
gainly part of the national edifice, but the
whole structure will Btand forth before the
world complete and entire in its unity,
without any feature to mar its beauty or
the harmony and the symmetry of its pro
portions.
This South will vie with us in fervent
love and zeal for the white, crimson and
star-lit folds of that banner, that emblem
of invincible power and dominion to all
who gather beneath its powerful, generous
protection. She would join in equal spirit
with us to-night, in the expression of the
glowing, patriotic sentiments of that grand
hymn to the Union, which I cannot allow
this opportunity to pass without calling to
your admiring, loving, patriotic remem
brance:
Thou, too, sail ou, O ship of State.
Sail on, O Union, strong and great ;
Humanity with all its fears,
With all the hopes of future years.
Is hanging breathless on thy fate.
We know what master laid thy keel,
What workman wrought thy ribs of steel,
Who made each mast, and sail, and rope.
What anvils rang, what hammers beat.
In what a forge and what a heat
Were shaped the anchors of thy hope.
Fear not each sudden sound and shock,
'Tis of the wave, and not the rock ;
'Tis but the flapping of the sail.
And not a rent made by the gale.
In spite of rock and tempest's roar,
In spite of false lights on the shore,
Sail on, no fear to breast the sea ;
Our hearts, our hopes, are all with thee :
Our hearts our hopes, our prayers, our tears,
Our faith, triumphant o'er our fears,
Are all with thee—are alljwith thee.
SUPREME COURT.
Tribute of Respect to the Lute Chief
Justice.
Washington, April 9. —In the snpreme
coart to-day Attorney General Garland
presented a resolution recently adopted
by the bar and officers of the court respect
ins; the late Chief Justice Waite, andspoke
at some length in eulogy of the deceased^
Justice Miller in receiving the resolutions*^
also paid an eloqnent tribute to the late
chief justice, and said: "We fully appre
ciate the great loss which the country, the
bar and the officers of the court have sus
tained by this sad blow. The blow is
heavier and falls with more force upon the
members of this court, who associated with
him in the performance of its fonctions,
have been accustomed to benefit by his
learning and by his ability in the discharge
of his duties, common to os all ; for not
only has he guided onr pathway and light
ened onr labor by his experience, his skill,
and his practical tact, bn« with an urban
ity and kindliness of heart rarely if
ever excelled. He has won onr affections
and attached os to himself so that while
we sympathize in the public loss, each
also feels the sorrow of a final separation
from a special friend." Justice Miller then
announced the coart would cease to hear
arguments on May 4, and would adjourn
for the term on May 14.
REPUBLICAN CONVENTION.
A Territoraldtepublican Convention will be
held at Livingston, on the 19th day of May, 1838,
at ten o'clock in the forenoon, for the purpose of
electing two Delegates and two Alternate Dele
gates to the Republican National Convention, to
be held at Chicago, June 19th, 1888, to nominate
candidates for President and Vice-President of
the United States. The several counties will be
entitle«! to representatives as follows:
Counties. No. of Delegates.
Beaverhead.................................-..................... *
Cascade...........................................................- «
Choteau.............................................................. 'J
Custer................................................... "
Dawson.............................................-............... *
Deer Lo«lge......................................................... 1 "
Fergus................................................................"
Gallatin..............................~.......-.....~.............. "
Jefferson........................................................—• "
Lewis and Clarke.............................................
Madison..............................................................
Meagher.........................................................
Missoula............................................................ '
Park................................................................... <
Silver Bow.........................................................h?
Yellowstone...................................................... "
Total......................................................... 90
The county Republican Committees of the sev
eral counties (except Cascade) will proceed to
call County Conventions in their respective coun
ties, and elect Delegates and Alternate Delegates
to the Territorial Convention as above desig
nated.
In < 'ascade county the County Convention may
be calle«l by the member of the Territorial Com
mittee of that county.
It is desired that ample notice of such Con
ventions be given.
The following rules have been adopted for the
government of the Republican Territorial Con
ventions in the Territory of Montana :
1— Delegates and Alternate Delegates shall be
elected in the future to Territorial Conventions,
and in the event of the failure of a Delegate to
attend, the Alternate Delegate shall cast the vote
of the Delegate whose Alternate he is.
2— In the absence of a Delegate and his Alter
nate a majority of the Delegation from that
County, shall cast the vote of the absentee.
3— In the absence of all the Delegates and Al
ternate Delegates from any county, no vote shall
be cast for such county.
4 — In the county in which the Territorial Con
vention shall be held, when any Delegate and
his Alternate Delegate are absent there shall be
no vote cast in their behalf.
5— Delegates and Alternates must be Republl
can residents of the County which they repre
sent.
By order of the Territorial Republican Com
mittee.
1. Salhinger, Isaac D. McCutcheow,
Secretary. Chairman.
AT THE"BAR.
Interesting Proceedings Held at
Opening of the April Term of
the District Court.
the
Empannelment of Juries and Disposition of
Cases—An Adjournment Taken
in Eespect to the Memory of
the Late Morrison E.
Waite—Other
Notes.
The District 1 court room presented a
lively appearance this morning, the occa
sion being the convening of the April term
of the Territorial and United States dis
trict courts in and for the county of Lewis
and Clarke. The bar was well represented,
many of the resident attorneys and numer
ous visitors being present. Hon. N. W.
McConnell, C. J., presided there being also
present Clerk McConnell,Sheriff Hathaway,
Deputy U. S. Marshal Quirk, U. S. District
Attorney Smith, County Attorney Wallace
and Stenographer Nolan.
The United States and Territorial grand
juries were present, both of which being
sworn and empaneled, retired for delibera
tion, after excusing therefrom the requisite
□umber, as provided by law.
The United States grand jury, after ex
cusing therefrom Samnel Richardson, Wm.
Meyers, John Sturrock and John A. Zeigler
consists of the following: Cornelius Hedges,
foreman ; H. C. Bnrgard, Joseph O'Neil),
S. H. Crounse, A. Dougherty, George Sey
mour, W. H. Merritt, P. B. Clark, C. M. Jef
eris, W. S. Paynter, James R. Johnson, Wm.
Dingee, Harry Tilton, F^J. Nye, A. M.
Thornburgh, Henry Adorns.
From the Territorial grand jnry were
excused Lansing S. Wells, G. O. Yergy, S.
F. Ralston and J. D. Farrow, leaving that
body as follows : W. E. Cox, foreman ;
J. B. Sanford, Nicholas Hilger, William
Reed, Andy O'Connell, Geo. M. Conlej, C.
C. Stubbs, Herman Gans, J. Feldberg, D. F.
Hedges, J. B. Wilson, Jacob Loeb, J. D.
Thompson, E. H. Batcher, C. P. Van Wart,
R. M. Woodruff.
The United States trial jurors are:
J. R. Sanford, J. W. Hartwell, Timothy
Wilcox, Richard Hoback, Robert Burns,
Mike Burns, John Bowers, J. H. Russell,
Jas. H. Halford, James M. Ryan, Joseph
Davis, G. J. Ringwald, Ross Deegan, S. N.
Nicholson, N. H. Webster, Adam Gerhanser,
John E. O'Connor, Wm. A. Ramsey, R. S.
Hale, Thomas Crnse, J. N. Bean, John N.
Heldt, Con. Kelly, John Keating, Clarence
Kinua Hugh F. Galen, James Judge, W. F.
Wheeler, Thomas G. Merrill, Wm. Sims,
all of whom are to appear Wednesday
morning at 13 o'clock.
The Territorial trial jurors were excused
until 10 o'clock to-morrow morning.
In the following cases action was taken
as appears :
No. 4,217—Bradford vs. Saul ; judgment
by default.
No. 4,196 —Greenhood, Bobm & Co. vs.
Sant; default against defendant entered.
No. 167—Waldron vs. Waldron—Default
against defendant entered.
No. 1710—Ronsch vs. Fort Leave given
to file replication.
No. 3872 — Holter vs Briscoe—With
drawal of Craven Bros, attorneys for de
fendants entered.
SET FOR TRIAL FOR TO-MORROW.
Farrell vs. Salisbury.
Tillingbast vs. Glendennin.
Sweeney vs. Murphy.
Beattie vs. Wells.
First National Bank vs. Wells.
Sanford & Evans vs. Lynde.
Sweeney vs. Pierce.
Davenport vs. Foote.
in memoriam.
At this juncture M r T. H. Carter sug
gested the death of Hon. Morrison R.
Waite, Chief Justice of the Supreme
Court of the United States and in an ap
propriate address moved for adjournment
until to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock as a
token of respect to the memory of the de
ceased judiciary. The gentleman's motion
was seconded by U. S. District Attorney
Smith, County Attorney Wallace and W.
H. Hunt, each of whom in fitting terms
eulogized at length npon the life of the
eminent jurist. Judge McConnell feel
ingly responded to the remarks of the
gentlemen signifying his approval of the
motion asked. The order was thereupon
made adjourning court until to-morrow at
10 o'clock, with instructions to the clerk to
properly border in black the page of the
record npon which the minutes of the
day's proceeding are to be spread.
Relief Bill Vetoed.
Washington, April 3.— In his message
vetoing the bill for the relief of Nat. McKay
and others, the President says : "It hardly
seems fair to the government to permit
these claims to lie presented after the lapse
of years since a settlement in fall was
made and receipts given. After the oppor
tunity which has been offered for estab
lishing farther claims, if they existed, and
when as a consequence of the contractor's
neglect the government would labor under
great disadvantages in its defense, I
am of the opinion, in view of the his
tory of the claims and the suspicion
naturally excited as to their merit, that no
inj ostice will be done if they are laid at
rest instead of being given new life and
vigor in the court of claims."
A.
THE MARKETS OF THE WOHLD.
Free trade writers always have much
to say about controlling the markets of
the world. It is fo grand to think about
and so easy to do in theory that some
simple-minded ones fall into the delu
sion that the only way to secure the con
trol of all the markets of the world is to
ruin the only one that we have or can
hope to have for some time to come. We
have neither the cheap Lbor to com
pete with European countries nor the
ships to carry our commerce, and in the
matter of wool and woolen goods, we
have much yet to do to control and sup
ply our home market.
In the case of cotton goods we have
long occupied the very position that the
President would have us assume in the
matter of wool and woolen goods. We
are the greatest cotton producing coun
try in the world. There is no duty
on the raw material. Our manufacturers
can get it cheaper than any other
nation, and still we cannot compete
with England in the manufacture and
supply of the markets of the world. The
price of labor and the rate of interest
on capital are insuparable obstacles, even
if we had the ships to engage in this
foreign trade.
If we cannot control the markets of
the world.in cotton manufactures, how
could we hope to do so in woolens, for
which our facilities and advantages are
so much less.
There are five nations in Europe that
manufacture more woolens than they
consume, and together supply the mar
kets of the world. These, in the order
of the amounts supplied, are England,
France, Germany, Belgium and Austria.
The value of all the woolens exported
by all these nations is only $242,769,561.
And of this amount forty-five millions
come to the United States, so that the
amount needed to supply all the rest of
the world is less than two hundred
millions.
It is estimated that the United States
alone consumes $300,000,000 in woolens.
This is a third more than all the rest of
the world together, besides those na
tions now engaged in manufacturing to
supply this demand. It is only highly
civilized nations that wear woolens to
any considerable extent. The toiling
millions of China, Japan, India, of
Southern Asia, of Africa and a gopd
part of South America do not wear
woolen goods much if any,and no super
fluity even of cotton and linen.
It is easy to see that the United States
is the greatest and best market for
woolen goods in the world, fast growing
to be worth more than all the world
besides. Foreign manufacturers recog
nize this fact if we do not. In spite of
our present tariff they now supply
one-sixth of our total consumption.
There is a great pressure from abroad
for us to throw open our markets for
foreign manufacturers to compete for
the supply. If we should listen to this
foolish counsel the first effect would be
to destroy the wool growing business,
for we have no chance of successful
competition with the cheaper lands,
cheaper labor and more favorable climate
of other lands, enabling them to dispense
with shelter and winter feed. Next our
woolen manufacturers would fail, for even
with cheaper wool they could not com
pete with the cheaper labor and capital
of the continent. Then with nothing to
restrain their cupidity and to meet our
increasing demand the prices of foreign
manufactures would naturally go up, and
we should be compelled to go back to
raising our own supply [after having
wasted hundreds of millions in the fool
ish experiment.
We are fifty years too soon to begin
talking about supplying the markets of
the world. We have a large job on our
hands to supply our home market, which
is increasing every year about as rapid
ly as our facilities to supply it.
Our woolen mine is the best one for
us to work ; and saves us a great many
millions every year. Our sheep, in fur
nishing wool, at the same time furnish
meat and help to keep down the price of
other kinds of meat. Nobody loses any
thing by our present arrangement ex
cept foreigners, and we think everybody
will agree that the first duty of every
government is to protect the interests of
its own citizens. If we ever change our
protective policy it should not be for
even a doubtful advantage. To throw
down our protective defenses.at present
would be for an undoubted disadvantage.
It looks very mach as if Roscoe Conk
ling was near the end of his earthly career.
His doctors express no hope of his recovery,
and so far as he is conscious he has no
hope for himself. The case seems some-*
what similar to that of Dr. Eckles' and
gives color and substance to the sentiment
of one physician that Ecklcs conld not
have lived twenty-fonr hoars longer, even
if he had taken no morphine. Conkling
has had the best of medical treatment, and
the case baffles their skill. Thousands of
admiring friends will anxionsly await the
issue and pray that Conkling's life may be
S >ared.
Inter Mountain: The rank and file of
the Montana Democracy would like to
know by what right the Democratic terri
torial committee calmly announces that it
will meet and select two delegates to the
St Lonis convention. Why does it not
order the holding of a convention, as the
Republican committee did, so that the
people will have a chance to express their
views on the subject of the presidency, and
elect delegates whose choice is in harmony
with that of the people. We believe the
rank and file of the Montana Democracy
are seriously and intelligently opposed to
Cleveland, yet it is certain that two Cleve
land delegates will be chosen by the Dem
ocratic committee at its forthcoming dark
lantern caucus.
POWDERLY ON STRIKES.
Experience is the best school master
in the world. As the result »f consider
able experience under circumstances
well calculated to reveal the truth,
Grand Master Powderly gives his de
cision against strikes. Generally those
who have been disinterested spectators
have arrived at the same conclusion
easily. Those who have engaged in
strikes and lost by them also agree to
the conclusion that strikes are failures.
There only remains a very small con
tingent of those who have met with
temporary success in striking who have
a word to say in its favor. Against this
very small portion of the body politic
that looks with any sort of favor on
strikes there is arrayed fully nine-tenths
of the public thoroughly convinced of
the impolicy of strikes. The opinion of
Mr. Powderly is of the utmost value in
this matter, because he stands at the
head of the largest organization of
workingmen in the country, among
whom strikes have generally originated.
Powderly recommends as a substitute
education, and a most excellent substi
tute it would be, not meaning thereby
book education merely, but an extension
of knowledge pertinent to a proper un
derstanding of the conditions of success
ful labor, trade, and a familiar knowl
edge of all successful and skillful work
manship.
One of the worst things about strikes
is the tendency to violence. While the
trusted leaders resolve and protest
against violence or any direct violation
of law, there is always some portion of
the following ready to break out into
excess and involve the whole movejpent
into odium. Compared with loss of life,
all other losses are small. Next to loss
of life comes the suffering entailed upon
dependent families of the strikers.
Hunger and cold and rags are the con
sequence of strikes to others besides the
strikers. This is a fearful aggregate of
the miserable results of strikes. The
mere money loss of wages has been
shown to amount to many millions,
enough to provide in comfort and abun
dance for all who suffer in consequence of
strikes. Strikes of course result iu the
stoppage of work, and that means idle
ness. The habit of work is broken up,
and many a tramp life has begun in
strikes. Habits of industry once broken
in upon, a taste for idleness is soon cul
tivated, and with idleness comes demor
alizing and expensive indulgences. The
down hill becomes steeper at every step.
But even where strikes are nominally
successful the result is never really ad
vantageous. Employers may by stress
of circumstances be compelled to yield
to unjust demands to avoid greater evils,
but they never forget the advantage that
has been taken, and in the end get their
opportunity for revenge.
By the education recommended by
Powderly, men may learn all the condi
tions of success in their particular trade
or art. They will make themselves mas
ters of all details and be competent to
carry on the business with success. If
there is profit in any business, there will
always be capital ready to co-operate
with skill and give a field for its Änploy
ment under the most favorable circum
stances. In this country no one need
look forward in life to occupying an in
ferior position, without hope of advance
ment. Industry, faithfulness and such
practical education as is within the
reach of every one may and surely will
result in advancement.
Striking is a blind revolt by violent
means against circumstances and condi
tions from which there is always a better
escape.
For this education which Powderly
recommends no text book could be more
valuable than a full and truthful history
of all the strikes that have occurred in
this country for the past ten years.
It is learned that many of the Yellow
stone Republicans are earnestly in favor of
E. C. Waters as one of the delegates to the
Chicago convention. The claim is ad
vanced that Eastern Montana is entitled to
share in the honor of representing the
Territory, that portion of Montana never
having been awarded a delegate. No
name more prominent than that of Mr.
Waters has been heard of from that section
in connection with the delegate selection,
and it seems probable now that he will be
one of the candidates who will be present
ed and voted for at Livingston. Mr.
Waters is politically a strong man and
personally popular. Other Republicans of
prominence mentioned as candidates include
Wm. J. Galbraith and James H. Mills, of
Deer Lodge ; Hiram Knowles, Lee Mantle,
John B. Reed, George W. Irvine and Chas.
S. Warren, of Batte ; I. D. McCatcheon, W.
F. Sanders, Thos. P. Fuller, A. C. Botkin,
T. H. Carter, W. H. Hunt and A. F. Bur
leigh, of Helena ; Geo. O. Eaton, of Gardi
ner; Lester S. Wilson and W. W. Alder
son, of Bozeman ; James E. Callaway,
Henry N. Blake and R. O. Hickman, of
Virginia City. Others doubtless will ap
pear for mention later. What a contrast
this list of representative names offers to
the single pair—Messrs. Clark and
Haoser—presented by the cut-and
dried Democratic roster! The Re
publican delegates will enter the
National convention of their party fresh
from the people, while th9 Democrats pro
pose to certificate their representatives
through the instrumentality of a commit
tee called together in secret cancns for that
purpose. It is a blundering piece of polit
ical jobbing, which promises to plagne the
Democracy plenty.
Gen. John R. Brooke, in the city for a
couple of days on official business, is being
waylaid by numerous friends and cordially
congratulated on his Brigadier promotion.
The General is in his nsnal splendid health
and none the less genial and pleasant on
account of his advancement? in military
rank.
THE SCHOOL CONTEST.
It seems likely that mach more was in
volved in the school trustee contest of last
Saturday than many of those who voted
were aware of. We have known tL-t there
was some disagreement and dissatisfaction
between the trustees and superintendent
daring the year, and with a view to rem
edy this and save onr precious school in
terests from sacrifice, we proposed the elec
tion of some new man for the position. It
unfortunately miscan.i d through the re
fusal of Mr. Pärchen to stand as a candi
date. When Mr. Lock/ was brought for
ward in opposition to Mr. Howey, the same
objection existed to bis election. He had
only recently retired from the board, and
as between him and Mr. Howey there
coaid be little choice to those who really
wished to avoid tho appearance of strife
and secure a board that would work har
moniously for the inte.-«wt of the schools.
Certainly, it is extremely unwise to have
a superintendent and to deprive him of the
power to control the selection and action
of the teachers. The very purpose, or the
chief purpose, of a superintendent is to
secure harmonious and vigorous co-opera
tion of all the teachers under one head.
This head shonH be held responsible for
the choice of proper teachers and that all
the teachers did their duty. If the super
intendent is deprived of the power to carry
ont his plans and some of the teachers re
fuse to co-operate, relying open their in
fluence with certain trustees, he is not re
sponsible for the certain failure that mast
result. If a superintendent cannot have
the united confidence and support of the
trustees, he should not be employed. Bnt
when employed be should be sustained.
Our schools have suffered greatly this year
from this division, and if things go ou in
the same way the damage will increase
greatly.
We believe Prof. Howard the ablest and
most competent superintendent that we
have ever had, but neither he nor f-.ny one
else in the country could make the most of
our schools without hearty, unanimous
support. We know that no money conld
hire Prof. Howard to continue as superin
tendent ander conditions that have existed
the year past. We know that there are
many others in the country capable of fill
ing his place, but we know further that
any one else will fail ander the same con
ditions, and no self-respecting, competent
person would consent to be held responsi
ble for the general resnlts withont the
power and means to accomplish them.
The situation is more serions than mauy
of onr people imagine. We care compara
tively little for individuals iu such a case,
but we do care greatly for onr schools,
which have been the pride of onr city, and
for which we have had an ambition that
they should be the best in the land. We
could forego the fame of having colleges or
anything of higher name if only our public
schools were kept up to the highest stand
ard.
It is the teachers that make a school, not
fine buildings and furniture. And even
with good teachers, unless there is unity of
purpose and harmony of action, there can
be no satisfactory results reached.
It is time to pause and consider well
before the demon of discord enters farther
into the management of our schools. The
loss and mischief is too great to be borne
patiently. _
It will strike the general observer that
there is something radically wrong in the
organization or rules of our National
House of Representatives, when a conceded
minority can for days keep all business in
suspense. We begin to think that some
thing like the clotnre regulation in the
English House of Commons may become a
necessity. It is not a party fight, but a
sectional one, so far as it is anything.
Besides it seems to ns altogether unworthy
of the fight that is being made over
it. Most observers would think that
the states in arrears for this direct tax
would be glad to be relieved of the incum
brance. Those that have paid the tax in
full, only get back their money, without
interest But the fighting faction of the
Sonth seems to want the original laws car
ried out to extremeties, and if the states
will not pay, to have it collected by the
seizure and sale of the lands of private in
dividuals. It is a sorry exhibition to the
country and the world of the otter ineffi
ciency and powerlessness of the highest
legislative body in the world. Already
plans are being laid to organize other
deadlocks. Perhaps it will be a
good thing to have the farce
played ont to the end.
We are informed that the result of the
cancns of Democratic House members was
favorable to the bill for the admission of
the four Territories substantially as pro
vided in the Springer bill. This is not as
explicit and unambiguous as we would
like. For if there is to be a second vote
on admission after the adoption of a con
stitution, the whole bill is a delusion and
a fraud. It will not advance us a single
step towards admission. We can adopt a
constitution without an enabling act just
as well as with one. And Congress would
be no more willing to admit us then than
now. Springer's bill as it now stands is
intended as a delusion, a pretence to do
something ,while doing nothing.
Missoula was redeemed yesterday. The
Republicans swept the field, electing their
candidates Irom Mayor down, by majorities
comparatively as large as those recorded
by the Helena Republicans a week ago.
The centers of Territorial population are
changing political front and leading Mon
tana forward to the glorious Republican
triumph awaiting at the general election of
1888. __
Our Democratic friends, Eastin and
Dickerson, are " at oats." Neither, accord
ing to 'tother, knows how to run politics.
Dickerson twits his successor of downing
the Helena Democracy to the tnne of 400,
and Eastin retorts by reminding his prede
cessor that he beat his own candidate at
Spokane by a larger majority. The Bohe
mian brethren have little charity for one
another.
There is something peculiarly melan
choly in the numerous cases of starvation
and suicide that have been reported with
in a few weeks past in some of oar great
Eastern cities. Persons of education,
refinement and generally high character
unable io endnre the une«jnal contest
between pride and poverty, voluntary
sought relief in death. It shows how lit
tie is really known of each others circum
stances by those living as neighbors.
There is plenty of useful work for all to do,
and means enough in this country to sup
ply all wants liberally, but there is too
mach tendency to confine charity to organ
izations and neglect that more natural and
healthful field of individual inquiry and
effort, that unobtrusive and unheralded
charity that spares to wound the feelings
of its objects and recipients. We incline
to think that the keenest pangs of poverty
are felt by those who strive to keep op
appearances with insufficient means, and
are too proud to let their wants be known.
8enator Faulkner pretends to appre
hend serious danger from allowing aliens
to become purchosers of onr mines, and
yet through all the years that sucL liberty
was exercised, no such danger happened,
and the Senator had to confess that no
such danger had appeared in West Vir
ginia, where aliens are under no restric
tions. Most of these mining Territories to
which this bill is applicable will soon be
States and empowered to control this busi
ness, and if any dangers are poesitle to
arise they can easily be remedied. For
the Territories it is a most important mat
ter to secure the development of their
mines, both by home and foreign capital
and skill, for thus only can their early and
general settlement be secured. The work
ing of our mines gives us u home market
for agricnltural products. Withont this
market agriculture would be at great dis
advantage, having to compete with other
sections more conveniently situated.
So far as we understand the President's
order in reference to teaching English in
the Indian schools, we heartily approve it.
It will do more to civilize the Indians than
any other one thing. If the Indian race
is to continue and escape extermination,
it mast accept civilization. We want no
alien elements among ns. What will not
fuse and blend with the grand aggregate
must be rejected and will perish. It is,
perhaps, a seeming loss to those who have
speut weary years in translating books
into Indian tongues, but they should remem
ber that this native language is permeated
with superstition and barbarism. Every
people in the world have changed their
language. Not one of ns conld understand
the language of oar direct ancestors of two
or three thonsand years ago. And lan
guage is constantly changing. The best
means of Christianizing the Indians is to
give them the language of civilization and
access to all its accumulated treasures.
We were deceived by some mistake in
the dispatches to think that the deadlock
in the House was over some District of
Columbia tax, but it is over the bill that
has already passed the Senate to refund to
those States that have paid the direct tax
that was levied in the first year of the war.
This tax of about twenty millions has been
all paid but about two and a half millions.
There is no way to force its collection. In
justice to those States that have paid, the
simplest measnre of justice is to repay
them their money, and thns equalize the
burden. Some of the Southern States that
are in arrears are making a desperate fight
to defeat the bill. A large majority of the
Honse favors the bill, and it would pass
easily if a vote could be reached.
The Herald is indebted to its Deer
Lodge contemporary, the New Northwest.
for the text of Comrade Galbraith's address
at the Miles City G. A. R. banquet. The
grand old orator spoke to the toast, "Our
Country," and for nearly an hoar held the
encampment veterans spell-bound by his
glowing eloquence. No words can describe
the heart-thrilling effect of the magnificent
response. We arc glad of the opportunity
which is now given ns to present in these
colnmnn a correct version of Judge Gal
braith's exalted effort, the delivery of
which was greeted by ontharets of ap
plause vociferously prolonged for several
minâtes at the close.
The worst piece of news in to-day's
budget is the announcement of almost
irreconcilable differences between the two
Houses on the confirmation of the Indian
treaties opening the northern reservations
of Montana, with a possibility if they
agree that the President may veto the bill.
A failure to approve the treaties this sea
son would be even worse than the failure
of Montana to gain admission as a State.
We have not expected admission in time
to participate in the next presidential
election, but we have confidently expected
that northern Montana would he opened
to settlement.
The condition of France seems to be ap
proaching the most serious crisis. The op
portunist party, as it is called, seems to
have lost the confidence of the mass of the
people. Their rale has not been favorable
to the country in most respects. The debt
and tax burden have been increased with
very little of advantage or advance to
show for it What France needs is peace
and disarmament, bnt we doubt much it
any considerable part of the French peo
ple would favor so sensible a coarse. Bank
ruptcy and revolution seem to be the most
likely issue.
Thf: Dominion Parliament has voted
two to one against unrestricted reciprocity
with the United States. It is certain that
the people of this country are not spoiling
for reciprocity of even the restricted kind.
The present situation is better than a one
sided reciprocity. It will not take many
years before the Canadians will give up the
unequal contest and accept the decrees oi
destiny by seeking complete incorporation
in the anion of oar States, and it had
better be this than anything else.