Volume xxiii.
Helena, Montana, Thursday, October 31, 1889.
No.
4 1
tfv lilccltljj Jerald.
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Autumn Courtship.
In meads where lambkins used to sport,
No sportive lambs we see ;
The nights are long, the days are short,
And so, alas! are we
At morn the rocster later crows.
Paid off's the yachting crew.
Again the nor'-nor'-eatter blows,
The politician, too.
Against the pane the raindrops beat,
The hunter beats the wool;
In cozy parlors lovers meet,
And it is meet they should.
And close together there they sit,
A situation grand,
And will le lier heart goes pit
A-pat he pats her hand.
He smoothes her silken Ireks and locks
Her to his bosom there.
And as she has the rock- lie rocks
Her in the rocking chair.
He is a youth of good address,
F'.r he is dressed to woo,
Ai d as lie's there his suit to press,
Her suit he presses, too.
To press his suit he is not slow,
As fast ihe moments fly :
But when he turns the lamp down low
Her color rises high.
To kiss lier lips, those rosebuds rare.
Rare bliss, lie thinks, would be,
And he would freely kiss her were
She with her kiäses frte
But in the gloom, from eight to ten,
From eight to ten taRts he;
Tt ey see as well to court as when
They courted by the sea.
(.)h! witching hours ; oh 1 honeyed love;
Who cares that summer's flown,
When one beside the parlor stove
Can sit and hold one's own?
Song of Kansas.
My Kansas, 'tis of thee,
Sweet land of hominy,
Of thee I sing.
Land of the classic Kaw,
Fair land without a flaw.
From Leavenworth to Witchlta
Thy praises ring.
In all thy vast extent,
No child by parent sent
Can whi ky g* t.
Topers are mad as hops,
Closed are the liquor shops.
But when it comes to crops,
Kansas goes wet.
In all the growing west,
Kansas is first and liest
At raising stuff.
Great crops of coin and shoats,
Great crops of wheat and oats,
And eighty thousand votes—
More than enough.
Corn's grown 'most out of sight—
We thought it grew one night
Almost a foot.
We woiked and helped it grow,
So we've a right to crow;
The boys at home, you know,
Have it to cut.
So let us sing again,
Shouting the glad refrain,
Queen Kansas reigns;
Reigns o'er the prairies wide,
Which smile on every side ;
Kansas, Columbia's pride,
Queen of the plains.
Kobin, My Sweetheart.
O sweetheart mine, with the bonnie brown hair
With eyes to merry and brow so fair,
'Tis a year to-day since you came to woo.
And never was love more loving and trv ",
Robin, my sweetheart I
Yet I wonder, sometimes, as I fold you fast,
If love like yours forever can last;
How it will be, as the years are told,
When you have grown wiser, and I have grown
old,
Robin, my sweetheart !
You have won my heart by your words and
smiles
You have won my heart by your witching wiles,
And I wish, oh! I wish, I could hold for aye,
The place in your heart that I hold to-day,
Robin, my sweetheart I
But when I am sadder and far less fair,
When the snows of time are thick on my hair,
When pain lias furrowed my cheek and brow,
Will you love me then as you love me now,
Robin, my sweetheart 1
You bring to my lips your young life's wine,
And promise, dear, to be always mine;
Yet still, I wonder how It will be
When you are thirty instead of three,
Robin, my sweetheart!
But away with doubt! and with fears away!
You are mine to-day, sweetheart, to-day!
bo we ll sing and l>e merry, and dance, care free
Nor dream of the time when you may not be
Robin, my sweetheart !
—Youth's Companion.
Trial.
By trial is proven
What metal we are;
Our strength or our weakness
Affliction lays b«re;
The grace and the beauty
Dee., sorrows unfold
As tires of t he furnace
Brin* out the pure gold.
'Tis not in unkindness
Our Father of love
Lets us, His dear children,
Life's bitterness prove ;
'Tis only to make us
More holy and pure,
And happy are they who
Temptations endure.
The brightest of sunsets,
When evening draws nigh,
Is marked by the presence
Of clouds in the sky;
And so shall our trials
Adorn tire bright scene
When «lying we triumph
In glory serene.
Morning Greeting.
Our little Belle was up betimes.
Just after peep o'day;
The morning glories greeted her
From tender vine and spray.
God made their smiling faces all,
Ami this she knew full well;
In them she thought she heard a voice:
"Good morning» little Belle!
Her baby heart was filled with love,
And, with a graceful nod—
Seeing her maker in the flowers
She said "Good morning, God!
wèjêêJ
%
%
ROYAL NUPTIALS.
The Princess Sophie, of Prussia, and
the Crown Prince of Greece.
The day is approaching for the marriage
at Athens of the Princess Sophie, of Prus
sia, to Prince Konstantinos, Crown Prince
of Greece. Berlin has bade the Princess
an affectionate farewell. Henceforth her
home will be in Athens. The Princess
Sophie was born Jane 14, 1870 Her father
was the Emperor Frederick, her mother
daughter of Queen Victoria. and
she is the sister of the German
Emperor. The Prince Konstantinos was
k
y <- -- . v- "
born on August 2, 18G8, and is the eldest
sou of Georgios I. of Greece, brother of the
Princess of Wales. His early manhood is
blessed with health, cultivation and good
principles. The Greeks anticipate for him
an enlightened and useful reign.
Things a Woman Can Do.
Ths Journal of Woman's Work asks this
surprising question : "What can a helpless
female do ?" Not long ago the Boston
Times in a spirit of fairness admitted and
even proclaimed that there are several de
sirable things that a woman can do. Here
is a sample batch:
She can come to a conclusion without the
slightest trouble of reasoning on it, and no
sane man can do that.
Six of them can talk at once and get
along first rate, and no two men can do
that.
She can safely stick fifty pins in her
dress while he is getting one under his
thnmb nail.
She is cool as a cucumber in a half dozen
tight dresses and skirts, while a man will
swear and fame and growl in one loose
shirt.
She can talk as sweet as peaches and
cream to the woman she hates, while two
men would be punching each other's head
before they bad exchanged ten words.
She can throw a stone with a carve
that would be a fortune to a base ball
pitcher.
She can say "no" in such a low voice that
it means "yes "
She can sharpen a lead pencil if you
give her plenty of time and plenty of
pencils.
She can dance all night in a pair of shoes
two sizes too small for her and enjoy every
minute of the time.
She can appreciate a kiss from her hus
band seventy-five years after the marriage
ceremony is performed.
She can go to church and afterwards tell
you what every woman in the congrega
tion had on, and in some rare instances
can give you some faint idea of what the
text W&H.
She can walk half the night with a
colicky baby in her arms without once
expressing the desire of murdering the in
fant.
She can do more in a minute than a man
can do in a hour^and do it better.
She can drive a man crazy in twenty
four hours and then bring him to paradise
in two seconds by simply tickling him un
der the chiD, and there does not live that
mortal son of Adam's misery who can do it.
A Candid Judge.
[Milford (Ind.) Herald.]
A newly elected justice of the peace not
a thousand miles from Milford delivered
the following charge to the jury the other
day: "Gentlemen of the Jury: Charging
is à new* business to me, as this is my first
case. Y'ou have heard all the evidence in
the case as well as myself; you have also
heard what the learned counsel have said.
If you believe what the learned counsel
sor the plaintiff has told you, your verdict
will be for the plaintiff; bnt if, on the
other band, you believe what the defend
ant's counsel has told you, then yon will
cive a verdict for the defendant. But it
von are like me, and don't believe what
either of them said, then I'll be blessed if
I know what you will do. Constable, take
charge of the jury."
ABOUT ELKCTRIC11Y.
Some Questions Intelligently
swered.
An
[Scribner's Magazin
How strong a current is used to send a
message over an Atlantic cable ? Thirty
cells of battery only—equal to thirty volts.
What is the longest distance over which
conversation by telephone is daily main
tained ? About seven hundred and fifty
miles, from Portland, Maine, to Buffalo,
N. Y.
What is the fastest time made by an
electric railway? A mile a minute by a
small experimental car. Twenty miles an
hour on street railway system.
How many miles of submarine cable are
there in operation? Over 100,000, or
enough to girdle the earth four times.
What is the maximum power generated
by an electric motor? SeveDty-five horse
power. Experiments indicate that 100
horse power will soon be reached.
How is a break in a submarine cable
located? By measuring the electricity
deeded to charge the remaining unbroken
part.
How many miles of telegraph wire in
operation in the United States? Over a
million, cr enough to encircle the globe
forty times.
How many messages can be transmitted
over a wire at one time? Four, by the
quadruplex system in daily nse.
How many miles of telephone wire in
operation in the United States ? More
than 170,000, over which 1,055,000 mes
sages are sent daily.
How is telegraphing from a moving train
accomplished ? Through a circuit from
the car roof induesng a current in the wire
on poles along the track.
What are the most widely separated
points between which it is possible to send
a telegram? British Columbia and New
Zealand, via America and Europe.
What is the greatest candle-power of arc
isght used in a lighthouse? Two million,
n lighthouse at Houstholm, Denmark.
How many persons in the United States
are nngaged in bneiness depending solely
on electricity ? Estimated, 250.000.
How loDg dees it take to transmit a mes
sage from San Francisco to Hongkong ?
About fifteen minutes, via New York,
Canso, PeDzance, Aden, Bombsy, Madras,
Penang and Singapore.
What is the fastest time made by an
operator sending messages by Morse's sys
tem ? About forty two words per minute.
How many telephones are in use in the
United States? About 300.000.
What war vessel has the most complete
electric plant? United States man of-war
Chicago.
What is the average cost per mile of a
trans-Atlantic submarine cable? About
$ 1 , 000 .
How many miles of electric railway are
there in operation in the United States?
About four hundred miles, and much more
under construction.
What strength of current is dangerous
to human life? Five hundred volts, but
it depends largely on the physical condi
tions.
"A GOSPEL SHARP."
A Chicago Capitalist Mistaken for a
Clergyman.
They tell a good story in this connection
regarding Mr. Leiter of Chicsgo. He was
out through the Black Hills prospecting,
dressed in a gentlemanly garb, and with
the dignified yet gentle bearing that is his
At a certain point the stage upset, not an
nncommon occurrence, bnt quite a start
ling one. Mr. Leiter distinguished himself
by his self possession under the trying cir
cumstances and by the gallantry with
which he assisted the If dies of the party.
Alter all had been straightoned up again a
red-shirted miner, who had been watching
the Chicago capitalist, said to him:
"Stranger, t will von take a drink?' at
the same time producing an old flask.
"Tban«c yon," was the courteous reply,
"I don't drink."
The miner subsided for a moment, and
then taking oat a villainons-lookiDg cigar,
said:
"Well, pard, will you have a smoke?"
"I appreciate your kindness, sir," said
Mr. Leiter, "but I rarely use tobacco and
do not care to smoke at preBent."
The miner looked surprised. Presently
they all alighted and partook of dinner in
a rude frontier eating house at $1 a meal.
When Mr. Leiter came to settle, the clerk
astonished him by saying:
"The bill is paid; that party over yonder
fixed it."
Oar townsman looked across at the cov
ered porch and there sat his friend the
miner, tilted back in his chaii, complacent
ly smoking his big cigar. He stepped up
to him with the words :
" My friend, I understand you have paid
my bill. Now, I am very much obliged to
you, bnt I have a little money of my own,
and am, perhaps, much better able to settle
the bill than you are yourself, and I insist
upon paying it."
" No, you don't, partner," broke out he
of the red shirt, " we don't have much re
ligion ont this way, bnt I want yon to un
derstand that when a gospel sharp comes
along we know how to treat him white !"
And the Chicago ex-dry goods man had
to submit to being taken for a preacher.
Wisdom from the Prairie.
I Atchison Globe. ]
Homely people make the best friends.
The more wealth a man has the loader
his children talk.
A loafer has no right that a busy man is
bound to respect.
No girl likes to be seen carrying .a corset
box on the street.
When a man sees a door marked "pri
vate" he wants to open it.
Y'on can't realize how few dollars there
are in a $5 bill until you break it.
When you see some children you at once
begin to doubt the good sense of their
parents.______
Pick Out Your National Flower.
The family flower is the poppy.
The blossom for soldiers—grape.
The flower for Anarchists—hemp.
The flower for Pasteur—dog rose.
The flower for the dominie—elder.
The flower for the late clerk—dock.
The flower for the angry man—iris.
The blossom for Cornell girls—sage.
The blossom for fishermen—haze (!).
The blossom for the tramp—locus(t).
The telephone girl's flower—"Aloe!"
a
m.
w
IVt
_________
QUEEN NATALI F,
Mother of the Young King Alexander
of Servia.
Queen Natalie, the divorced wife of ex
KiDg Milan, who is now in Belgrade, the
capital of Servia, refused to leave the city,
spite of the government's desire that she
should leave it. General Gruitch, who is
the prime minister of Servia, has proposed
to her on arrangement by the terms of
which she and ex-King Milan were only to
visit Belgrade hereafter for three weeks,
twice a year, and if they agreed to this
they would then each be received with
equal royal honors in the palace at the
capital. In answer to this she claims the
right to reside in her own country. ' If
yon can bring any reason why I am unfit
to associate with my son. or ihat I should
contaminate him, mention it," she says.
Queen Natalie represents the Russophil
party in Servia, and her presence and
natural influence on her son, the King, in
creases the political difficulties arieing from
the struggle between Austria-Hnngary and
Russia for supremacy in the councils of the
tiny kingdom ol Servia.
Queen Naialie is the daughter of a
Colonel in the Russian Imperial Guard,
Kechko, and of Princess Pulelierie Shroud
ga, a Roumanian Sb* was bom May 5,
1859, aüd married the reigning Prince of
Servia, in October, 1875. Their only child,
Alexaoder, was born August 14, 1876. His
mother superintended his edneation nntil
her unhappy separation from her husband
and child. She has taken a house in Bel
grade, which looks like her staying there.
It is difficult to describe the rare and ex
ceeding beauty of the Queen. Her classi
cal features have at the same time a com
manding royal majesty and the charm of a
playful girl. Her fair, broad forehead is
crowned by a profusion of jet black hair,
which she wears as shown in the picture;
beralmoDd shaped brown eyes have a look
at once inexpressibly tender and sparkling
with intelligence: her rippling smile and
silvery langhter irradiate a clear and pale
complexion, recalling her own Rnssian
snows, warmed into a richer coloring by
the eastern suns. She is tall and surpass
ingly graceful, and her manners have a
subtle charm, partly royal and wholly
feminine. The Queen is well read and
possesses a solid and varied instruction.
ELISHA P. FERRY.
Governor-Elect ol the State ol Wash
ington.
The gentleman whom the citizens of
Washington have elected to be their first
Governor after the admission of the Terri
tory into the sisterhood of States, Elisha
P. Ferry, lives at Seattle, where is a dis
tinguished member of the bar. He was
born in the State of Illinois, aDd prac
ticed his profession in Waukegan, that
commonwealth, from 1846 to 1859. He
was active at the time of the war, serving
on the staff of Governor Yates of Illinois,
and assisting in military organization. His
residence in Washing Territory dates from
about twenty years ago. He was Surveyor
General for the three years from 1870 to
1873 President Grant appointed him
Governor of the Territory. He held the
office eight years. At the end of his term
he removed from Olympia to Seattle, where
he resumed the practice of the law and
also engaged in a successful banking enter
prise.
Height and Weight
[Boston Butlgei.J
Five feet and one iDch should
be
120
pounds.
Five feet two inches
should
be
126
pounds.
Five feet five ihches
Bhould
be
142
pounds.
Five feet six inches
should
be
145
pounds.
Five feet seven inchds
should
be
148
pounds.
Five feet eight inches
should
be
155
pounds.
Five feet nine inches
should
be
162
pounds.
Five feet ten inches
should
be
169
pounds.
Five feet eleven inches
should
be
174
pounds.
Six feet should be 178 pounds.
PARDONING A CRIMINAL.
A Governor Heaps Coals of Fire Upon
a Bad Man's Head.
[New York Sun ]
Sitting in the rotunda of the Alexander
Hotel of Louisville, Proctor Knott told
this story :
"It was the most remarkable Beene I ever
witnessed. It occurred during my early
manhood, when I was Attorney General of
Missouri. Robert Stewart was then Gov
ernor of that State. One day I was in his
private office when he pardoned a steam
boat man for some crime. What it was I
have forgotten, but that does not matter.
The man had been brought from the peni
tentiary to the Governor's office. He was
a large, powerful fellow, with the rough
manners of bis class.
"The Governor looked at the steamboat
man and seemed strangely affected. He
scrutinized him long and clorely. Finally
he signed the document and restored him
to liberty, but before he handed it to him
said: 'You will commit some other crime
and be in the penitentiary again, I fear.'
The man solemnly promised that he would
not. The Governor looked doubtful, mnsed
a few moments, and said :
" 'You will go back on the river and be a
mate again, I suppose?'"
"The man replied that he would.
"Well, I want you to promise me one
thing,' " resumed the governor. T want
you to pledge ycur word that when you
are a mate again you will never take a
billet of wood in your hand and drive a
sick boy out of a bunk to help yon load a
boat on a stormy night.' The steamboat
man said that he would not, and he in
quired what the governor meant by asking
turn 6iich a question.
"The governor replied : 'Because some
day that boy may become a governor, and
you may want him to pardon you for a
crime. Oae dark stormy night many years
ago you stopped your boat on the Missis
sippi river to take on a load of wood.
There was a hoy on board who was work
ing his passage from New Orleans to St.
Louis, but he was very sick of a fever and
was lying in his bunk. You had plenty of
men to do the work, bnt you went to that
boy with a stick of wood in your hand
and drove him with blows and curses out
in;o the wretched night and kept him toil
ing like a slave until the load was com
pleted. I was that boy. Here is yonr par
don. Never again be guilty ot such bru
taiity.' And the man, cowerirgand hiding
his face, went ont. As I never heard of him
again I suppose he took care not to break
the law."
Always Voted for "Sunset."
There is a good story relating to the late
Samnel Sullivan Cox, which will perhaps
bear repeating at this time. One day, years
ago, just alter an election which had gone
against him, he was seated in his study,
when a piece of pasttbjard emballished by
a rudely written name w T as handed in
Notwithstanding the forbidding aspect of
the card, its gaunt and uncouth six-foot
bearer was admitted, and, without prelimi
nary formality, lifted up a heavy voice to
this effect:
"Your name is Cox ?"
"I have the honor."
"S. S. Cox ?"
"The same."
"Sometimes called Sunset Cox ?"
"That is a sobriquet by which I am
known among my more familiar friends."
"Yon formerly resided in Columbus,
Ohio?"
"That happiness was once mine."
"Represented that district in Congress?"
"I eDjoyed that distinguished honor, and
I may add at a somewhat early age."
"After a while they gerrymandered the
district so as to make it rather warm for an
aspiring Democrat ?"
4 You have evidently read the history of
your country to good purpose, My friend."
"Then yon moved to New York, where
you stood a better show ?"
"Well, my friend, your premise is cor
rect, I did move to New York. Bat your
conclnsion is hardly admissible in the form
of a necessary sequence. My reasons for
moving to New York were not wholly po
litical."
"We won't disenss that. After unsuc
cessfully trying the State at large von
availed yourself of theopportunity afforded
by the death of the Hon. James Brooks to
move into his district?"
"I moved into the district formerly rep
resented by the honorable gentleman you
name, bnt again I mast dissent from your
conclusions."
"Let that pass. You were elected to
Congress from Mr. Brook's former dis
trict ?"
"I was. Bat let me remaik my friend,
that at this moment my time is very much
occupied. Yonr resume of my biography,
faulty as some of your deductions are in
point of logic, is deeply interesting to me,
and at a time of greater freedom from
pressing engagements I would be glad to
canvass the subject with you at length.
Bat just now being unusually busy, even
for me, I must request yon to state the
precise object of your visit, and let me add
that I shall be glad to serve yon."
"I have no favor to ask. I am an ad
mirer of yonrs. I always vote for you, and
always want to if I can. I called this
morning merely to inquire if you had se
lected your next district."
The Best Time for a Woman to
Marry.
Probably the beet time for the average
civilized woman to marry, pays the Hospi
tal, would be any age between 24 and 36.
It is not said that no woman should marry
earlier or later than either cf these ages,
bnt youth and health and vigor are ordi
narily at their highest perfection between
these two periods. Early marriages are
seldom desirable for girls, and that for
many reasons. The brain is immature, the
reason is feeble aDd the character is un
formed. The consideration which would
prompt a girl to marry at 17 would, in
many cases, have little weight with her at
24. At 17 she is a child, at 24 a woman.
Where a girl has intelligent parents the
seven years botween 17 and 24 are the
period where mind and body are most
amenable to wise discipline and best repay
the thought and toil devoted to their de
velopment. _ ___
He Staid at Home.
Mrs. Youngwife—"I am so happy. My
dear husband never goes out. He always
stays at home with me in the eveninns.
Female Friend—"Yes, I have heard that
he never cared for pleasure of any kind. '
The
SAMUEL R. FRANKLIN.
•'Old Salt" Who Presides Over
the Marine Conference.
Some fifty delegates are taking part in
the International Marine Conference, now
in session in W athi which Rear
Admiral Franklin is chairman. This noble
old seaman was placed on the retired list
about two years ago. He was born in
Pennsylvania and appointed to the Navy
on February 18,1841, four years previous
to the establishment of the Naval Academy
at Annapolis. He was attached to the
frigate United States, Pacific Squadron,
1841-3; the storesbip, Relief, Pacific Squad
ron, 1845-7, and was present at the demon
stration made upon Monterey, where the
Mexicans offered no resistance, In 1847
he was on duty at the Naval school. He
was promoted to be a passed midshipman,
August 10,1847. From 1849 to 1852 he
was on duty in the Mediteranean Squad
ron, and on the Coast Survey, Navy De
partment, from 1853 to 1855. He was
commissioned Lieutenant, September 14,
1855, and assigned to duty at tbe Naval
Academy, 1855 6. Lieutenant Franklin
was a volunteer on board the Roanoke in
the action with the Merrimac, in March,
1862, in Hampton Roads, and took part in
other important engagements during the
war. He was commissioned Lieutenant
Commander July 16, 1862, and was in
command of the steamer Saginaw, of the
North Pacific Squadron, in 1866 and 1867.
On August 13, 1872, Franklin was com
missioned a Captain and placed in com
ma' d of the steam frigate Franklin, iu the
European Station, where be was on duty
frem 1873 to 1876 In 1877 CaptaiD Frauk
lin was in command of the Navy Yard at
Norfolk, Virginia. He was raised to the
rank of Commodore and shortly after
wards made a Rear Admiral, January 24,
1885 He has served his country when
ever United States sbios are seen.
«
AMOS J. CUMMINGS,
To Succeed "Sunset" Cox ix Congress
The seat in Congresp made vacant by
the death of the lamented "Sunset " Cox
will be filled by Amos J. Cummings, who
is one of the best known journalists in New
York city. He was born in Broome county,
N. Y., in May, 1841. His boyhood was
spent chit fly in the State ot New Jersey,
where is now Irvington. He there learned
to set type, his father being a printer and
publisher as well as a minister. Cum
mings was only a boy when he joined
Walker's second expedition to Nicaragua.
He served in the " Bloody Sixth " corps
Army of the Potomac, as Sergeant Major of
a New Jersey regiment. Since that time
Mr. Cnmmings has filled engagements on
several New York newspapers with the
highest credit. He was for a time a mem
ber of the Fiftieth Congress.
A New Game of Letters.
Nearly everybody is familiar with one or
more of the various games of letters. The
Christian Union describes a new one that
may prove interesting and exciting if play
ed by half a dozen wideawake people.
Pat the box of letters in the hands of
some steady person who can be trusted as
umpire. He will throw a letter id the cen
ter of the table, and the fi.st on in the
center who can tell a geographical name
beginning with the letter in sight takes
the letter; and tbe one at the conclusion
Tho can count the greatest number rs the
winner of the game. ADy name cf any
place under our sun which is of sufficient
dignity to possess a postoffice is legitimate
to suse; any lake, river, mountain or sea.
The players must be willing to abide by
the decision of the umpire as to who speaks
first, and alse accept his ruling out of any
word which has once been called. I
recently saw a circle Jf grayheads kindled
into excitement and enthu9tasm, amid
peals of laughter over this simple amuse
ment. It is curious to see that at the ut
termost parts of the earth places are called,
and our most prominent cities and States
ignored. It is good exercise for children,
as it teaches their brains to work quickly,
and improves their geography; bnt an adult
hand should bold the letter box.
A JOURNEY THROUGH THIBET
[Washington Corr. N. Y. Herald.]
The first American to penetrate Thibet
is now living quietly at Lis home in Wash
ington City. He is W. Woodhid Rockhill,
who was for a number o! years Secretary
to John Russell Young when he was Min
ister to China, who acquired there a thor
ough knowlege of the Chinese language
and of that of the people of Thibet. Mr.
Rockhill conceived the idea of visiting the
strange land upon reading the book ot the
Abbe Hue, who made some investigations
there a number of years ago. He started
from Peking and went throogh the whole
of the north ot China by way of Sin ning,
the most northwestern town. From that
city begin the Mongol tribes. From there
he went up to Koko Nor Lake, a tremen
dous salt lake. Then he went round north
ot that lake, and thence into the Tsidan,
the greater part of which is a desert. He
crossed this Mongol country with ponies
and then decided to do his best to explore
Eastern Thibet. He exchanged horses lor
camele, and alter a great deal of trouble in
getting the run of the lakes and rivers he
crossed the Kuen Lun Mountains on three
different occasions. The passes are be
tween 15,0(10 and 16,000 leet high. He
crossed a tremendous desert, perfectly unin
habited, but filled with game, the wild
yak, wild asses and three or four descrip
tions of antelope.
From the time that he left China until
he got back, he wore the native dress. He
hail four Chinese with him. The party
suffered tremendously from the tarification
of the air called the sirocchee. As they
crossed the Yellow river there was a per
fectly flat plain. It was as much as the
horses and even the dogs could do to pat
one foot before another. Men, ridmg
horses, were catching for breath the whole
time, but ou ascending the moutain did not
suffer at all. GoiDg lower they suffered
greatly from vomitiDg and fever. In this
region they rode thirteen days, part of the
time down the valley of the Drechu river.
Finally they got down to Kanze on the
river—a big T hibetan town. The people
were very kind. They remained there four
days. Tnere was a jittle Chinese official
there with eight or ten soldiers who was
civil enough. After propitiating him with
presents, he gave onr explorer four soldiers.
They rode along as fast as possible to a
place called Bawo, all the time through
the f-ame kind of thickly settled coun
try.
There were a few Chinese traders who
had married women of the country and
lived there.
The Thibetan people are well-disposed
and kind, but they are under the control ot
the Lamas. The latter have all the riches
in the country in their hands, so that no
matter how well people are disposed to
ward you, a word Irom the Lamas is suffi
cient to set them against you. The objec
tion of the Lamas to the entry of foreigners
was that they would seek tüe treasures of
the country. The Chinese government ex
ercises a nominal sovereignty over Thibet.
There are localities where the Chinese can
not get any hold. Lamaism is the pievail
ing religion. They have a tremendous lit
eiature, and reading prayers is their con
stant employment. They have prayer
wheels, some run by water and some by
wind, on the tops of the houses. These
are filled with prayers, and the fact they
are tarne«! from left to right is the same as
reading them, for the words pass before the
eyes. If they are turned the other way,
however, the effect is bad.
The people engage tbe Lamas to come
and read prayers for them. They pay
about ten cents a day and give them tea
and food. The rich people w ill give large
sums of money for the reading of prayers.
As a matter of fact, under the cloak of
sanctity, tbe Lamas are engaged in all
kinds ot trading at Tsa Chin La. There
are no pawnbrokers' shops, which are such
an institution in China. The business is in
the hands of the Lamas, and bands of them
scour the country, collecting everything
they caD.
POLYANDRY.
Polyandry prevails in Tnibet ; that is,
one woman has several hatbands, just the
opposite from the Mormon system. The
custom prevails in Eastern Thibet in the
agricultural regions. The explanation is
that the arable land is vtry small in
amount, and if the sons divided up the
estate there would not be enough for them.
Accordingly they stare it, and several
brothers are usually married to one women.
Being great traders, one or two of them are
usually away. The children call one of
them father and the others they call uncle.
A proof that it is the scarcity of arable
lands that causes the practice is fonnd in
the fact that it does not exist among the
nomadic Thibetans. All the villages are
perched upon some inaccessible rock sim
ply because they do not wish to put the
village on any ground that can be culti
vated. The people live on the barley,
which they call "somba." They mix it
with tea. They have no rtgnlar time for
mtals. Whenever they feel hungry the
pot is ready and they make a little of this
mixtnre. Now and then they have a sheep.
It is a miserably poor country, and they do
not kill much game because they have not
the improved firearms.
The people have rather clear cut fea
tures, and thin, aquiline noses are quite
common. Many had curly hair, although
some of them wore queues. It is quite an
item with the Chinese to sell them differ
ent colored Bilks to make these queues.
THIBETAN WOMEN.
Thegirl8are extremely pretty, of good
color, tolerably tall and straight, and well
developed. They are gay, jolly and laugh
ing, and their dress is picturesque: When
dressed, with all their jewelry on, they
present a very pleasiDg appearance Many
o!' them wear a sort of s ilver plaqne on
their heads. The Thibetan woman invests
her spare cash in jewelry. She will buy
all the silver jewelry she can, and then,
when she can afford it, exchanges it for
gold.
The journey through Thibet covered a
ronte over a thousand miles long, bat
counting digressions it probably reached
1 560 or 1,800 miles.
Simply Brutal.
[Life]
Mabel Meadowsweet—So you refused
him. What did tbe poor fellow say ?
Laura Lavoverem—He said he knew a
girl who would marry him and be gla i to.
Mabel—I wonder whom he means?
Laura-—I wondered, too, so I asked him.
Mabel—Who was it?
Lanra—Yon.