OCR Interpretation


The Western news. [volume] (Stevensville, Mont.) 1890-1977, September 09, 1903, Image 6

Image and text provided by Montana Historical Society; Helena, MT

Persistent link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84036207/1903-09-09/ed-1/seq-6/

What is OCR?


Thumbnail for

ci- —.•zbbA'r
a
U)
A LITTLE GREENHOUSE.
Just the Thin* tor Home Gardener*
Who Delia'h( in W'atCihlnR riant
Ute Development.
Vor propagating cuttings, take I
box 12 inches square and live inchei
deep, inside measure. A couple o
drainage holes should be made in the
bottom. Around the sides of the bos
place four 10x12 inch panes of glass,
and fill in. first with a layer of drain
age material, preferably charcoal,
one inch deep, then a bit of gravel,
aid on top of this at least three
inches of clean, gritty sand, not too
fine. Another pane of glass. 12x14
indies, rests on the top, as shown in
the eat.
Tender plants such as geraniums,
coleus, begonias and others, root off
C3IÏ dblL
It
a
in
AlIKAAi: 1.
a
qua
more 5'a re.
for.-;, i ' I
ii.stance, wo!:
-Ha. j
oui" 1
!
1 f
J 1 • 1 .'
. : i.on from
'.voll
r 1 j •• v. ;
to !
i i i .in !y or Aorist.
(bn
- o : i
; 1
ie.i v ... i, .
- lower 1 air
1
\v h a : • ;
■ ■ a ole; ■ :
cut
\v:
the
] • i. ! : 1 y
Fa i nk r.
î ;i j < » I ; 11. ii
iw*.- :■':■•! eu;
i h » u ! « i p
. kept moi
sunlight.- (
t
SPRAYING AITD DUSTING.
Work in tlic \ iiple Hrehnril That Mast
He Dime l-'.nr'iy in tin* Scumqu
nr Xnt nt All,
Will
the c.
eggs;
n 1 !
I i.
til
and
the cal
this ca
if po i s i
this oln
says l'f,
object ,i
is to i!i |i
this, kir
bloom f.
and not
and 1 ln*
the ymi
into tin
of 111 i .
as to ;
the s* ■
ure *
killed I
let t !■•',,
to two
to 1 I i
a re ;
there
little
ran. i
fix a 1
to In
you!'"
with
petals fall from the apple,
moth is on hand 1 o lay her
calyx is then wide open,
ting caterpillars will seek
for Hi, i
r first
mi
-ai
: later
will oli
>o up
tit
fitly anil
can be
i n t rod
bice
(I
before
il will
be lit-t
t er
re
laim d.
F M. \V,
■'ist er,
. T
'he
whole
life! iino
with
tlie
■se
mot hs
( 1 hoir ot!'
ys, and t h
ey
\\ ill do
v at lea
St, ns
sc (
in
as the
.' Then ii
S the 1
i me
t o
s pray.
tor 1 lie i
at her
wot
•k
is liver
-s laid
n n d
hat
eh »
il and
\i iirtns
making t
he'
ir way
mine api
I'ies, a
m!
t Ik
- calyx
ml affeo
ted si
> close
d over
cut 1 he
free
min
mss ion of
The vounp e
a n.v*
vr
worms
,- and \
cry h
i m n
ry.
easily
mis about this time, but
i* until I liey a re one-ha 1 f
grown, and they seem
nuisons. The potatoes
in" out of the ground;
e'• 1 ' : only and but
i t n at. (t nil old fruit
ir holes in one end and
a ml le t o t lie ot her so as
can vertically over the
. and tapping' it lightly
irk. si f t a mixt ure of one
pom '
of uaris i\
r, mi am
ton pounds
of a h
w . • loo
flourdi
cot ly on t lie
surf:
'V lmrc ii
is need,
d and whero
it wi' !
1 . u r t(
the lea
vos. This is
not
• - hut
it will k
11 off the old
beet 1,
t ■ • i first
ii |i]i«-:. r.
or at least
ma ny
4 idem, before they lay their
eggs.
on incnr Peels.
n teaching is that sagar
red i n qua lit y by St abb*
ii t he sa me season that
suw n. That t his is not
not on certain soils in
roved in bulletin .No. .*,
it at lit nova. Tests
■ >r four veals on nm
\ sepa rat i d loea lit ies for
suits in iform!v
, ith
r H
with
ial fi r
ir tho
Th
th
th
ii
"!'•
I 'el, M ot pur
L'her with tin*
Ii those \\ it h
b in g l'iumniT
The ci i
beets : .
ma nt" ,
the I i 1
true, ri t
New A
Of the -
were n
farms
one so.,
favori
of the -i
better t 1
of com
eetlt a
it y of
ma nu n
Ollt lllll O
C'ial fen!
II n
The di i
green ai.
so mum i
rv tree
tact w i h
in that t
squash 1
these, k:
oil soap ;
feetive. ; i ■ iieil as soon as the insects
are obsiived. The squasli bug does
not yield to even these measures
readily except while very young, anil
the pest should be fought at that time.
—Prof. F. M. Webster, in Farmers' lie
view.
n to Iv i ! I 1*3 n nt l.ioo-.
rent species of aphid, s,
brown lice that are oil en
m- on apple, plum and eher
i re only to be killer, by con
seine insecticide that kills
antier. The plant bugs and
-g are of this kind. For
s, ne emulsion, or a whale
ties will be found most ef
Don't turn the cows out to tramp
over the soft fields in search of a
mouthful of grass. It will do great
li&rin both to the cows and the fields.
ORNAMENT THE YARD.**
It Pay» to Surrmind the Farm House
with Trees, Shrubs and Clam
bering Vines.
If the farmer knew how cheaply his
grounds could be ornamented, there
would be feweT unsightly yards in the
country. Even the boys and girls, wiih
a little trouble, could surround the
house with beautiful trees and shrubs
and clambering vines, and the cost
would be only a few days' work each
year. There is scarcely a tree or a
shrub that will not propagate readily
from cutt ings, and nil kinds, can be in
creased almost indefinitely. Insert the
cuttings in a moist piece of ground in
the spring, and give them one or two
borings. ]>y the second year they will
be large enough to transplant, to per
manent quarters. Some writers re
commend transplanting a little beeper
in llie new location than originaliv
crown,
, but
tlie theory i
s linn a
itural.
for na
i ure
feeds fi
"otn tlie root
s. not
t.he tr
unk.
The spi
'nu*! ir.
g of si
eels is
a curii
:US F
tuciy; to
o mue
ll or 1,
io 1U
tie s, i
! cover may cause a
iseed 1
O £0 I'
minute
\ to
lie dor
man t.
or t,
ll rot.
Trees
gT(;\l
,n from
small
. light
seeds,
such a
f bn:
< older, maple.
clin, e
ot ton*
wiled.
sho
n! ! be
pi a i '.1
ed si:
:. 1 !o\v,
where!
IS (K
M-'.-rnotc
■ri va.
• i r t ! e
v, V : ;*h
prod ui
■<* lar
■ .hear;
: seed.
. mol:
a s : k e
oak in
. 4 \\ :
i :.u*;, re
lire (
loo; rr
i t
ing; a
mi c:
i • ■ in tr:
: i:
mould
he ink
-•n 1!
: 1 be r
eut f ;
; re pin
(*•.* I in
Hie ]'<
• - ; 1 i ( >
in v
ieh t;
: -y fin
•meriv
grow,
as i
ie: riv
:. ! e.
s < • , -
Upper 1 '
f V
I'iie ]*i >;
1 o 1 1 1 e >il
pi: '.m i' '- * '
i.a 1 u re 1 r
kind 1 V v
sion.- A:: ricull.;nil K iuimist.
FIGHTING EAG VC: ; ?.IS.
r!»c*ru from Fruit
Kh rl y in th e Y i*n
>afc.st Metlii
Oil HI
OIK* Hi,'
fruit t reus nnd shndi
*1 IK ! tlli* t « if < : us t , f
v a re u: u ;
I \ I ,
t \\ <
] 111*
i < ' ! ! L
■»■"I
i WO :
hair
l>\
■ f I .
one
smaller 1 1 ram
the larger t *
the winter, :
If these are
tree until t ii
there will In
in a ft*w m.in
to i trip till
early in tin
seem to be
<
oft lie t ri es. Kr ell < I
oeoons eon ! ainp. during
i large nunil« r of eggs
allow ed to remain on i lie
e eggs hatch in tin* spring
produced from the egg's
ions enough young worms
the leaves from a tree
■ summer. These worms
especially fond of cedar
.*,
trees, and are very likely to be over
looked on these trees until they have
become so numerous ns to seriously
damage the trees.
Wiih these worms a stiteli in time
save- ninety. The cocoons picked from,
tlie trees should be thoroughly de
stroyed. Should it become necessary
to destroy large numbers of the
worms in the summer, a good plan
would be to dust or spray tlie trees
with paris green, London purple or
some other arsenical poison. One of
the larger cocoons left on a marked
litub of a small tree should afford a
crop of worms which would afford in
teresting and instructive object les
sons to boys mid girls, and older folks.
This crop of worms should he thinned
from time to time, and when the
worms retire into Hie. cocoons to
pupate, the twigs from which they
hang may he placed in covered glass
jars. The male moths emerge as
winged adults, but the female moths
remain in the cocoons. .Midland
Farmer.
MARKER FOR POTATOES.
A Ilomrniaile Device Wlilclii Insures
tliu Purpose for Which It Is lu
ten (led quite IV ell.
Make two Ys with boards 1x4
inches (b b b). with old cultivator
teeth (a a) fastened to the front end
of each. The rear ends of the V
cV
s, j
I
\
j
A GOOD MARK ER.
pii't'os should be spread nine inches.
Fasten together with hoards like a
sled. Mitch a double chain to the
front end. Widen cheek reins to per
mit horses, to walk the same distance,
a.yirt as the wings of the marker.
One horse follows the furrow, and
one furrow is finished eitel» time
across the field. I). A. Jennings, in
Farm and Home.
How to Manure iloara.
Tlants growing in well-prepared
t he root s ilis
a
quarters do not requit
1 iirbed annually by digging in large
quantities of manure among' them, but
judiciously applied top dressings are of
tlie utmost advantage. Done immure
is applied by taking a little of tlie sur
face soil from around the stem and
shaking a hand f ill or t wo over the roots
and then returning the soil. Very fine
rose growths and blooms may be pro
duced in this way. Many persons think
their roses will degenerate if the whole
of the surface near them is not deeply
forked ordugand much natural manure
IWI »vu v* «•*'• louxii 11(11 ui ill 111(1 uui c
added every spring, but nothing is
gained by disturbing tlie roots very
mueK. •
<5*
Lh
CD
ABOUT CATTLE GUARDS.
ChuiKn In Locating Them Reciom
mrnlied by n Special Canadian
Com in isalon.
A special commission, acting under
the Canadian department of railways
and lands, lias been studying the ques
tion whether the present arrar.gi ment
of cattle guards can be improved. Some
points have not yet been disposed of,
but on one a distinct recommendation
has already been made. The con mis
sion thinks that those at the crossings
of public highways should be li ra a!
differently. In the accompanying dia
gram. w hich Engineering News finds in
the official report, the left hand half
represents the ordinary usage, while
the righ hand half shows the proposed
plan. Inspection will reveal this dif
ference; II it herto the cattle guard has
M
// / c */ A'V'xl >
m
• -cisL?
- J T\\ / /
m
:: -4;
Iartlequ a >-ct
Æ p/7 cp
-ti R'S'« «/-«r ;
r3ti 1
F=F
and 11,
now s I
to pos
IMPROVED CATTLE GUARDS.
n local ' on 11 :, railroad side of
I n ! -, : y , • ws cn the coin pany*.
>■ highway, whereas i
h that it (.light to be ,
are somit of ; lip ndva
the change is suppu
•h
,'d
be di
of ti
open
1 end.*
the l
it
»ipon
f wt r fieri n tr animals fei fi ip g
!" ad-iiic. 1 ! ; i i r a 11 1 lit h will ,
■i way from 1 h : right of v ;• v
'.'"ay instead of finding an
1 1o which their curb sky
n i hem. a- is the casqui.ib r
ry arrangement.
•es the length of crossing
•h animal- can gather, as i
their tendency in some localities. At the
same time, it does not impair the ii-"
fulness of the highway in the least,
since the part thus fenced in is not used
for travel.
It will he ndditonntly effective ns a
crossing signal, and prevent teams un
der the guidance of irresponsible driv
ers from turning down the track. Of
this there are several disastrous in
stances. particularly in referenece to
the old [lit guard, as well as others.
Tt offers no inducement for the ani
mals to go on the right of way. because
there are apparently only the track,
ties and ballast (protected by a guard)
to the right or left, while there is the
regular highway with no hindrance
left, open to them, with an apparent
open gateway which curiosity will
tend to lead them to choose.
In case of cattle being met on tlie
crossing by a train, as is frequent, the
fences will net ns a shelter behind
which the animals will dodge, instead
of. as now. making a rush for the open
ing which the guard is called upon to
protect.
CLEAN DAIRY UTENSILS.
Never Lose Sight of the Fact That
Sanllivlit I« the Greatest of
Microbe Destroyers.
Milk utensils should be made of metal
and have all joints smoothly soldered
so there will be no seams where filth
may accumulate, says Dairy and Cream
ery. Never allow them to become
rough or rusty inside. Do not haul
waste products, as skim milk a nd whey,
back t.o Hit* farm from the butter or
cheese factory in the same cans used
for delivering the milk. Use old cans
for this purpose. Clean all dairy uten
sils by first thoroughly rinsing them in
tepid water; then clean inside and out
with a brush and hot water, in which a
cleaning material is dissolved; then
rinse and D-tlv sterilize h\ boiling
w a I
Alt
til [Hi:
Darki
nil the hi"
a ml
I se pu I
*ep a ten
tin. if [i
win er on 1 v.
ils inverted,
s-ible, until
■tit
nrisli in 1 1
o them ;
and i he d
on destri
This is be
vor. They
sunlight,
nd disease
routh of a
veil nt-arlv
mlera gi mis in t lie corn
it, and this season that
disease is very rare there. Tin- most
daisgi-ren- ' unwfiiole-ome room in
the in rage dwell big house i- the par
lor. where it ! s kept darkened to keep
the eaipot from fading or for some
other trifling matter. It just -warms
with evil microbes of main kinds, as
. those of sore throat, a hacking cough.
j 8 ! ' n . tr,l t fever, bowel troubles and mim
on-us other ailments,
sweetness."
'•Sunlight foi
,
; wlH plve - vou col(1 return
A Maxim for Dairymen.
Do unto others as you would have
them do to you is a maxim for dairy
men especially. It is applicable to
tlie treatment of dairy stock. Smite
the milch eow with the milking stool.
! nnd she will retaliate by giving less
i milk. Sell your best feed and give
I her the rest, and she will tell you ot
j it. Tut her in a cold stable, and she
,
1 u this pa|ier
. ,
; . , .
! u , * '* t le .° f,' ese
! " n ' ie ' T1 \ p ,n,lk J ,ul1 an *
I bel .P fiU y° ur P°cketbood. Dairy and
Creamery.
CAUSE OF SOUR MILK.
fisrtbia Milking and Loose Methods
of Handling Are the Principal
Sources of Loss.
Milk sours because in the process of
growth and multiplication of the
bacteria tlie milk sugar is changed to
lactic acid. When there is enough
seid present to be apparent to the taste
the milk is said to be sour. 1'acteria,
like corn or any higher form of plants i
require food, moisture and sufficient !
heat in order to grow and multiply. |
Milk has the necessary moisture, is a i
perfect food and is usually nt the right
temperature for rapid growth of bac
teria.
Since the keeping quality of milk
bears a direct relation to the bacteria
which gain access, it is important to
prevent their getting into the milk.
The udder and adjacent parts of the
body which are much shaken during
milking is one of the chief sources of
infection, while the dust of the stable,
the hands and clothes of the milker to
gether with the pails and cans used are
only slightly less important sources.
Experiments show that milking in a
stable where the circulation of air can
carry the dust out; wippintr the. udder
with a damp cloth, and scalding uten
sils with live steam or boiling water,
will not only reduce the bacterial con
tent, but increases the keeping
quality of the milk materially. A cov
ered milk pail, with only a small open
ing to milk in1o. reduced the number
of perms falling into the pail one
fourth as compared with a common
pail, and the milk kept sweet 20 hours
lor yr. Immediately coding after
mi'kh'g is next in importance. Mil 1 :
allowed to stand two hours without
cooling contained 22 times as many
germs as wl n milking was finish'd,
while Hint which was cooled to 54 de
grees. only had four times as many at
the end of 1 wo hours. This emphasizes
tlie importance of rpiick and thorough
cooling.- -Midland Farmer.
VALUABLE MECHANISM.
It Is PpsIriipiI to I'roviiilc Pure and
Oirol \V inter for Stock at
Every Drink,
,
Some people seem to have formed
tlie idea lliat any kind of food is good
enough, for tmininls and any kind of
wat r will ('o for them to drink. I cing
only intent on filling them with s-onte
tl ing w! ich will puss for food and
why should a cow or horse
taste of musty hay and
vitiated w H r. w hen limitait beings are
only satisfied with the purest food
stuffs and drinks to be had? There is
no doubt that" it is a common practice
with some farmers to fill up the
, ri n !
lb.
th
XjJ
-U/f t
M" !*.-•
m
U\
Wk 0 mm,uM
Spfei»
JWi
A
PURE WATER AT EVERY DRINK,
troughs in the morning and let the
water stand until theanimals get thirs
ty and are compelled to drink. Even
if the water were cool and [Hire when
first drawn, the heat of the sun soon
renders it warm and tasteless. A South
Dakota man lias succeeded in designing
a mechanism which will draw fresh
water every time an animal wants a
drink, and which will meet the require
ments of a large herd or a single ani
mal with equal faeility, while at the
same time relieving the farmer of the
necessity of pumping the supply every
day. This invention, is nothing more
than a tilling platform, on which the
animals are compelled to walk every
time they slake their thirst, and it is
an easy matter to connect one end of
tliis platform with the plunger of a
pump, having a cylinder large enough
to draw n large quant it y of water under
the i in pet ns of the animal's weight. Un
der the pressure of the plunger moving
in the cylinder tlie water is forced to
flow through the pipe into the trough,
the platform sinking gradually ns the
cylinder empties.-—Louisville Cotirier
J ournal.
TIMELY DAIRY NOTES . 1
a
a
is
Huy milk cans and pails that have
smooth scams. It is a difficult mut
ter to keep any other kind properly
; , ,
I cleaned.
Continue flic grain ration for
awhile after the rows are on grass.
Hy the way. would it not pay you to
continue seine grain right ah y?
If tiic barnyard is full of mud or
manure, rather than have the cows
wade through it. draw plenty of
straw and let them tramp over that.
Warm bran mashes and warm
water to drink the first 24 hours
after calving will often save a cow
from trouble and start her safely oil
her pt rioil of usefulness.
Every farmer, and especially the
dairy farmer, should raise clover,
both to maintain the fertility of his
soil and supply one of the most valu
able foods for lus animals.
Large, clean windows, and lots of
them, on the sunny side of the barn
are the salvation of the young calves
and the surest safeguard against tu
berculosis. The germs of this dis
ease are killed by a short exposure
to sunlight.
The Type and Ike Feed.
No hog, beef steer or milch eow
can respond to liberal feeding unless
the conformation or tvpe is iSMch as
to favor production of the special
* item for which it is fed. Every feed
„ mhould know the geveral t / peg of
I lira atock at a glance.
.
i
O.AV
CP
an»
Dl
HOME WATER WORKS.
A Simple System WhlcbCmn He Intro
duced in Every Farm Which
Has a Windmill,
I would like t.o tell of a labor saving
levice, which I think will rival even
the "wire fence telephone," the "dog,
shurn"or anything else on the farm; j
one, too, within the reach of all who !
lave a windmill. 1 refer to "home wa- 1
ter works," or water under pressure. |
The possibilities are the bathroom and ,
Hose-t, hot and cold water for the ;
kitchen, stock water and fire protec- i
tion to both farmer and villager. |
There is an eight-foot wind wheel, 1
a force pump overa large well in which i
is placed an automatic cut-off. About j H
I
1
in
a
j a
I
it.
-
a
i
a
SIMULE WATER WORKS SYSTEM.
COD feet away is the boiler. 15, connect
ed by an inch and a quarter galvanized
iron pipe, lhith boiler and • , e are un
der ground below frost. From the
built r a ri a- nui vi \ s iviil t-r la tin-stock
trou g -is. another to the hydrant, and
a third to I he house and la w n.
Trima rily one needs only a force
pump, pipe, cut-off and faucet to give
siiilieii-nt pressure ns long as th
blows, hut if you wii-h to store i
wind
serve
for a
, rainv day, or
rather for
a c
aim
day.
add
to y nur c
.'(] ni pi: l'I.-l
a bn
ilor
old o
u* ne
w, but 11u
■ larger tin
* bet
t or.
Any
com
îemned sti
earn boiler
will
do.
1 Î •,; 1 1 inlet and outlet, you notice, are
at the bottom of the tank. In the be- ;
ginning the boiler is filled with air
only. As soon as it is air tight and the
n'ill continues it will soon compress
the air into one-ha if its volume or less,
forming an air cushion which gives a
pressure of 20, 30 or 50 pounds to the
square inch, equal to any Holly or res
ervoir system.
Any plumber or windmill man can
furnish everything necessary. A few
feet of hose will then enable one to
throw water over the farmhouse,
sprinkle the lawn or strawberry bed,
provide for bathroom, hot and cold
water, etc.
i:
Mv fattier, a retired railroad man,
living two miles south of Topeka. Kan.,
bas built a complete kittle plant of this
complete llittle pla...
kind, which cost him about $250 to in
stall, and gives to his farm an advan
|
I
!
tage which can scarcely be estimated.
—Farm Journal. ^
THE GOOD ROADS IDEA. \
Fen imylvnn in Appropriates Six an A
One-Half Million D-oIIura to
Help It Alone,
The leaven of road improvement
seems to be working in all parts of the
United States. An eastern man. who j
has recently -taken a trip t hrough Tex
as, says tlie enthusiasm with which the
people have taken up the "good roads ,
idea" is wonderful. 1 ti some counties j
they are in danger of "going wild" on ■
the subject. Funds are being raised
mainly l>y issue of county bunds. !
In Pennsylvania, the state idea has
taken firm hold. The plan just
adopted is for tlie state, the county
and the township to cooperate in
tlie work of building and improving
tlie roads. The state is to pay two
thirds of the expense, and the county
and township in which tlie work is
done each one-sixth of tlie expense.
'Tin' stale has made avniMahle for tiiis
pur nose $(>,500,000, to be expended dur
ing tlie next few years.
'The principle involved in the state i
aid plan is exactly the same as that in
volved in tin- scheme for national aid
which lias developed such popularity
recently. The fundamental idea of
both is -that road improvement is not
merely a matter of Incan interest and
responsibility, but a matter of inter
est. and concern to tlie whole people;
or, to put it another way, road build
ing is coining to be viewed as a species
of "internal improvement" belonging
in the same class as river and harbor
improvements.
Another reason why national nnd
state aid are beeomin
so popular is
the realization that, unless something
of the kind is adopted, tlie burden of
bad roads, like the poor, will be al
ways with us. The bottomless roads
of the country constitute a sort of
"slough of despond" in which tlie peo
pie are destined to flounder until some
one comes along to help them out. In
fact tlie expense for improving tlie
roads in many localities is a burden
which the local population is w holly
unable to bear. His believed that
whenever the state or the nation
reaches out a helping hand to such |
communities, they will grasp it and
bend all their energies to the great
work of improving their highways,
but they will never undertake the job
without help from tlie outside.
1 he frequent spring rains made the
roads almost impassable in a majority
of tlie local communities throughout
tlie eastern half of the United States,
. Terkaps this is ore of the reasons why
the good roads idea is uppermost in
i fo many minds.
ROADS AND SCHOOLS.
Some ValnaMe Suinctaftona Offered
by Sew York's Sapenlatenieat
of Public Instruction*
The ndvantnge of good roads to
dwellers in the country districts lies
not alone in greater ease by which
crops cun be transported to the dis
tributing centers and towns. They
play a great part in the education of
the children of these district«, inas
much as the more the children can bo
drawn together in large central
schools the better can they be edu
cated. With a number of small schools
scattered over the rural districts it is
too expensive to provide much more
than instruction in the rudimentary
branches, but if the children can be
brought together in large central
schools, the cost of instruction is di
vided among a greater number and
more brunches can be included in the
j
!
1
|
,
;
i c,,rr iculum. As is pointed out in the
| following extract from the report of
1 Superintendent of 1 ublic instruction
i Charles U. Skinner, of New ) ork state,
j H ' s impossible to bring the children
I together unless the roads are in good
1 condition.
"The arguments thus far advanced
in the commendable agitation for good
roads have not considered the welfare
and comfort of our school children as
a factor.
''The farmer is told that good roads
will put money into his pocket by sav
ing his horses and wagons, that the
value of his farm will be enhanced and
the trip to town or to church will be
j a pleasure rather than a burden. The
merchant is assured Hint his trade will
mightily increase if good ronds lead to
the village. The bicyclist, knows by an
occasional run over rare sections of
well-built highway what comfort
would result if good roads were the
I rule instead of the exception. Those
who are able to indulge in the luxury
oi automobiles also see pleasant
visions. .Nothing, however, lias been
said about the children as ihey go
through the mud and dust, up hill and
'down, from their homes to t he school
houses. one to three miles ilistant. Is
it. unreasonable to believe that these
men and women of to-moriow would
prefer well graded, macadamized
roadbeds to the miserable pretenses
for highways which now disfigure so
much of our landscape? It is not
- difficult to imagine 1 he country school
a much happier and busier place if the
children could gather after pleasant
walks along well built and well kept
high ways.
i "What to do with ourconnl ry schools
is becoming a serious problem ns the
years go by and the rural districts be
■ome more sparsely settled. When
;
more Ilian 30 per cent, of our rural
i:
schools have an average daily attend
ance of less than ten children some
thing should he devised to put a stop to
such needless waste. Combination of
resources and capital cheapens pro
duction and results in an improved
product. It is the opinion of edu
cators that a reasonable application of
it
' 11S P r,n "» ,le to r,,rn ' ^ oo1
' ™ woul 'l result beneficially. With
,, . ....
present conditton of country roads
the transportation of the children to
central, well equipped schools is
practically impossible during most of
the year. Mood roads would remove a
serions obstacle to this most impor
| tant step forward in the improvement
of our country schools. The boys and
.girls of tlie country with one accord
I demand good roads, that they may en
! joy school privileges equal to those of
\
their brothers and sisters in villageand
C1 *J"
j DURABLE RAIL FENCE,
_
An Idea from Tpnnnaee watch May
, ot S(>nle HeIp to Farlner « in
j Other Section».
■ __
A good plan on fencing is here fle«
! scribed. This method is taking the
lead in this coun-try. For rail fencing
i
«V» I
STRONG RAIL FENCE,
none excels. I will try to describe it
as best 1 can. Set posts as for plank
fence. Lay a stone on the inside of
the fence, set a short rail on the stone.
Then fasten wires around tin- posts at
top and bo-tom. Tlnce a rail on top
wire and bottom wire to hold tlie posts
in place. Then fill in rails.—lioscoe
Torbett, in Epitomist.
HoRnu CumniiKKion Firm».
Look out for fraudulent commission
firms. Two men ofi ibis' class have re
is cently been arrested in Chicago for
swindling farmers. Their trick is an
of old one. They claim to be able to get
higher prices than any one else in the
business. A consignment is made, and
of flattering returns are promptly made,
For succeeding assignments no returns
are ever received. When the shipper
In investigates he finds the men have
moved, and no one knows of their
whereabouts. The fact is, they have
skipped around the corner somewhere,
and are working their old garnie under
a new name.—Farm Journal. , ^
| Th * Trail. About Weed., ~
What isa- weed? No better definition
of a weed has been Riven than that
ba Se d on the adage, "dirt4s matter out
of place ." » A weed is a plant out of
place," and as "weed" is a man—word
an( ] j^t a nature—term, what are com*
jnonjy called weeds may under eultiva
{ion become desirable crops, and con
tersely many good things may spread
f>eyon*d control and become weed pests
in of the worst kind.—Rural World.

xml | txt