The Carbon County chronicle. [volume], October 08, 1924, Page Page Eight, Image 6

About The Carbon County chronicle. [volume] (Red Lodge, Mont.) 1924-1924

Image provided by: Montana Historical Society; Helena, MT

                
WARN BEEKEEPERS
OF EUROPEAN FOUL
BROOD IN COLONIES
From Montana State College
UTUMN days are critical days
for the beekeeper in Montana,
particularly where disease con
ditions exist, according to O. A.
Sipple, apiarist at Montana State
College, discussing the treatment
for European foul brood. This di
sease of bees has not yet gained a
very strung foothold in the state,
says Mr. Sipple, but beekeepers
should be on their guard against It
and should know how to treat it
when It does occur.
While the disease is most preval
ent in the spring, it is during the
fall that the precaution should be
taken against it, as the disease is
most prevalent In colonies that em
erge from the winter la a weakened
condition.
In the case of American foul brood,
infection starts just previous to the
time that the brood is sealed over.
In European foul brood, however,
Infection takes place in the early
stages of larvae development. Ob
servations show that the majority
of the young larvae die when from
two to four days old, although
some may be found dead in the cap
ped over stage. The cappings of
diseased cells show the sunken and
perforated characteristics of the Am
erican foul brood. Instead of ly
ing in their natural position on the
floor of the cells, the larvae assumes
various unnatural positions. In the
early stages the larvae are a dirty
lemon color. As the decay progress
es this turns to a brownish color
which gradually deepens. As decay
goes on, the larvae molt down Into
a greasy mass but do not show the
characteristic ropyness of American
foul brood. Very little, if any odor
accompanies European foul brood,
although in severe cases there seems
to be a slight odor, which, however,
should not be taken as a sure means
of diagnosis. In the final stage the
melted down mass dries up and be
comes a grayish black scale which
unlike American foul brood, may be
easily removed. These scales may
he found in any position In the celt.
Drone and Queen larvae are fre
quently affected and this may be a
means of aiding In the diagnosis.
Probably the most common meth
od of spreading the disease Is rob
bing and the practice of equalizing.
The manner in which European
foul brood is spread cannot be de
finitely accounted for, but some
think the virus may be carried on
the mouth parts of bees that drift
into healthy colonies. This, how
ever, is not certain.
As black bees are more suscept
ible to European foul brood t bun
Italian bees. Beekeepers, where this
disease is prevalent, should have all
colonies headed by Italian queens of
vigorous and resistent stock. Not
all strains of Italians are equally re
sistent; therefore, the beekeeper
should make observations as to the
ability of his colonies to resist di
sease. Queens whoso progency show
resistent qualities should be used as
breeding stock to re-queen all other
colonies. As European foul brood
is a disease of weak colonies, bee
keepers should take every precau
tion to secure strong colonies of bees.
The disease is most prevalent during
the spring and early summer months,
hence colonies should be properly
prepared the previous fall. They
should be put into winter quarters
with a goodly supply of food, a large
number of young bees, and a vigor
ous, prolific young queen. They
should also have the proper winter
protection. Colonies that come
through the winter In a weakened
condition should be united as early
in the spring as is permlsable in or
der to secure strong colonies.
According to Mr. Sipple, frequent
failures In treating may be account
ed for by the fact that the beekeep
er attempts to treat colonies that
are too weak to be saved. It should
be emphasized that only reasonably
strong colonies should be given treat
ment, and all weak, diseased colon
ies should be united.
The treatmen given to colonies af
fected with European foul brood does
not cause a great loss in equipment
as Is the case with American foul
brood. The guiding principle to be
followed in the treatment for this !
disease Is to see to It that condi
tions are made favorable for the bees
to remove as much as possible of the
diseased material during a time Ï
time when there is no new brood ;
coming on. If a colony Is badly dl- j
«eased it is advisable to kill the 1
queen immediately, since it Is evl-1
dent that her progency are not cap-1
able of resisting the disease. In about j
a week aftét the queen has been re- i
moved the colony should be exam- |
ined and all queen cells destroyed
so that the colony may become ab
solutely queenless. The colony Is
allowed to remain in this condition
until most of the diseased material
has een removed, and then re-queen
ed with a vigorous, resistent, I
young, Italian queen.
In treating and coûtrolling Euro- J
peäii foul brood it is not nêfessary]
to destroy the brood combs unless
they are too foul to be of further
service. Hives that contain foul
brood colonies need not be disinfect
ed and may be used again without
danger.
A
- 6 -
The Cheyennes Harvest Big Oops.,
The wheat crop In thb Cheyenne
reservation this year Ik estimated at
50,000 bushels, approximately 15,
00 bushels more than the 1923 pro
duction. The highest yield per acre
reported was 61 bushels lor fall
wheat and 56 for spring. It is also
estimated that 60,000 bushels of
oats were raised this year. Corn on
the reservation was hard hit by the
frost, but good crops of potatoes
and beans were raised and credit
able corn was produced by some
members of the tribe.
Treasure State Farm £? Livestock
Her« I« « real Montana farm page. Th« leading article« on this page are prepared by
experts of the Stat« Agricultural College at Bozeman, wher« the state and federal
governments are expending large sums of money In experimentation to determine the
best tillage methods for Montana, and these articles are descriptive of the results of
this work. Every farmer reader of this newspaper is urged to tile these articles away.
a
i
Tests Show Frosted Corn
Makes A Profitable Silage
It
I " 1 1
X
From Montana State Oollege.
HE late corn season in Montana
caught many fields still uncut
when the first frosts came, and
this brings up the problem of what
to do with frosted corn. Livestock
authorities at Montana State Coll
ege advise that such corn may be
put In the silo and will make a de
sirable feed. It has been found that
corn that is mature and frosted
makes a better silage than that
made from corn that has been cut
too early. A study of results of ex
periments on this matter in other
states contlrms the opinions of Mon
tana authorities.
In South Dakota where feeding
experiments have been carried on
for two years with silage made from
corn cut at different stages of ma
turity, It was found that steers made
quite satisfactory gains on. silage
made from matured frosted corn.
In these experiments, four differ
ent silos were used, and these were
filled with the same variety of corn
for two consecutive yeads. The corn
for each silo was cut at a different
had
stage of maturity. In one case the
corn was cut when in the milk stage,
another with corn in the dough
stage, another with corn that
statrted to dent or glaze, and the
fourth with matured frosted corn.
It was found that the last mentioned
corn made good silage but that it
had to be cut fine and a considerable
water-added.
Each year, five steers were fed
from each of the silos. The first
year the experiment lasted 119
days and the second 90 days. No
other fed was given, the silage con
stituting the entire ration.
It was found that silage made
from corn in the blister stage pro
duced average dally gains of 1.94
pounds; sikigo made from corn in
the dough stage produced average
dally gains of 2.27 pounds; silage
from corn in the dent or glaze stage
«
À
How's Your Blood?
Do You Need a Tonic?
Helena, Mont.—"Dr. Pierce's Gold
en Medical Discovery has no equal
as a blood tonic or as a liver and
stomach medicine. I was in very
bad physical condition, due to having
liver trouble and gastric stomach con
dition. My food did not digest
properly, would ferment, and
would form, giving me great distress.
I also suffered with severe bilious
headaches and my blood was in an
impoverished state. By the use of
the 'Golden Medical Discovery' I
relieved of all these conditions which
had caused me so much trouble and
distress. My liver became active, ray
food digested well, my blood was
good and I felt like a new man."—
Joseph A. Widmer, 307 Hoback St.
Obtain the Discovery in tablets or
liquid from your nearest druggist or
send 10c for trial pkg. to Dr. Pierce's
Invalids' Hotel, Buffalo, N. Y., and
write fo 4 vce medical advice.
gas
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Two
Grazing Tracts
Bordering Lolo
National Forest
25,000 ACRES und
10,000 ACRES AI
3
PER ACRE
Splendid araM, water,
hroase and shade Has
s southern slope giving
early pasture Railroad
spar teaches the land
Terms;
down, balance divided
Into 10 yearly payments.
j
10 per cent
BLACKFOOT LAND
DEVELOPMENT CO.
Drawer 1S0O, Missoula, Moat.
produced average dally gains of 2.28
pounds; and silage made from the
matured frosted corn produced av
erage daily gains of 2.09 pounds.
The steers consumed dally 76
pounds of the first silage, 73 pounds
of the second, 72 of the third and
56 of the fourth. The average num
ber of pounds of silage consumed for
each pound of gain in the order
named was 29.8 pounds, 32.1
pounds, 31.4 pounds and 26.9
pounds. The dry matter in this feed
was 8.3 pounds, 8.6 pounds, 8.1
pounds an 10.7 pounds.
Thus the corn that was cut In the
dent or. glaze stage produced the
best results. The average dally gain
was 2.28 pounds on a consumption
of 72 pounds of silage daily and
each pound of gain cost 31.4 pounds
of silage or 8.1 pounds of dry matter.
Corn cut in the milk stage produced
the poorest results. Steers fed the
matured frosted corn silage made
their gains on tho smallest amount
of sllago—a pound of gain for each
26.9 pounds of silage fed—but the
| average amount of dry matter for
each pound of gain was highest in
the case of this silage.
Frosted grain,therefore, while not
giving the best results, did give good
results, and silage made from such
corn is much to be desired over that
made from corn cut in the milk
stage.
GETS A BIG CROP FROM
SEED SECURED FROM
ANCIENT EGYPTIAN TOMR
R. H. Johnston, n farmer near
Forton, Wash., In the Taeoina ter
ritory, lias recently harvested a
bumper crop of wheat that lie says
came seed taken from an Egypt
ian tomb. Mr. Johnson states that
lie got tlie seed four years ago ami
tills year the increase was enough
to plant 15 acres.
The crop netted 720 bushels for
an average of 48.(1 bushels to the
acre. The grain is white ami very
bard, the straw short ami the
heads prolific, and Sir. Johnston
states that it is one of the best
varieties of spring wheat ho has
ever grown, if was not heard
from what tomb it was taken.
Glimpses of lediasni
Days Befor TJh® White
Maim Invaded Plains
(Continued from Fee, ire Page.)
those who heard them all agree
that often their prayers were most
touching. McClintock cites one
which gives an idea of their char
acter. It was made by Chief
White Calf, during a sun dance.
"Father, the Sun, I am praying for
my people.
May they be happy In the summer
and live through the cold of winter.
Many are sick and hungry,
Pity them and let them live.
May we go through this ceremony
right.
The way you taught our people
to do in the days of long ago.
If we make mistakes, pity us.
Mother Earth, pity us; may the
grass and berries grow.
Morning Star, shine into our lodge
'and give us long life.
Father, tho Sun, bless our child
ren, relatives and visitors.
May our trails lie straight through
a happy life; may we live to be old
We are all children and ask these
things with good hearts.''
"During this prayer, the Indians
sat silently and with heads bowed
reverently; and at the close, they
united in a long-drawn 'ah-h-h-h-h
to express their aproval, while
some added a few words of
prayer."
-o
Weekly Market Letter
By WFULLER ft WEILLER CO.
Tuesday, September 23, 1924.
T were only partially successful. We Bold
morning trying to cheapen routs, but
HE packers started off yesterday
one load of 1300 lb. steers for $8.00 per
cwt This was et htop sale on gras** wes
terns yesterday. We also sold consider
able numbers at from $0.75 to $7.50. The
packers ore rea lanxlous buyers for the
choice ones. We sold consignments this
week for the following Montau« shippers:
M. Tunlck. Big Sandy; Fred Scott, Bear
Paw; Lee Boss. Dodson; Chnuncey Flynn,
Chinook; D. L. Murphy, Lloyd; John
Thompson, Lloyd; Fred Brackway, Har
lem; Frank Klrkaldle, Brookside; Cox A
Zlebarth, Chinook ; J. E. Miller, Vanandn.
In addition to these we sold numerous
North and South Dakota shipments,
well as other ftmaler Montana consign*
uiçuts.
The storkep and feeder market has been
rather pep less during the last few day«,
and there are still a considerable number
of Canadians In first bonds from early
yesterday, but we look for the trade to
come bock.
SHEEP AND V.AMDK—'Trade Is a little
better In this division, with very few wes
terns coming, and prospects of n good de
mand for the coming week. Judging from
Inquiries, there Is no question but that
any kind of breeding ewe« or feeding
lambs win sell t«* good advantage
time this full.
to start after the fîrnt of the month.
market is slightly hlgh
• ton for choice bogs:
$8 R r . for sows, and pigs mostly around
$ 8 . 00 .
Bl
any
We look fur the big run
HOGS—The hu
er today with *!>.7!
Saturday, October a, 1924 .
Poultry I'rb-es IV-llvereO Heps
Broilers, under 2 1 2 lha — — .20
Springs, over 2 12 lbs.
Bens. 4 lbs, and over_
Hens, tinder 4 lbs_
Roosters old ..
NORTHERN rSMkEkr CO.
Ore»' Fall«. Must»»»
.«■
.11
. 4 «
WHEAT SAW-FLY IS
LATEST ENEMY OF
MONTANA FARMERS
HE wheat saw fly has appeared
In parts of Pondera and Gol
den Valley counties, and prob
ably in other unreported sections of
the state during the last year, ac
cording to R. A. Cooley, state ento
mologist. Farmers are urged to be
on guard against this new Insect
pest and to report its appearance to
the office of the state e-.tomologlst
at Bozeman. While losses in Mon
tana have not been very serious as
a result of the -activities of thlp
Insect, sections of Canada and states
to the east have seen serious infes
tations that have caused consider
able damage.
The state entomologist describes
the adult fly as being of a bright
yellow and black color, albout one
half au Inch in length, with trans
parent fly-like wing The'.adult ap
pears in the spring, lays itls eggs In
a small hole bored into the w
stems. These egs batch, ;at)d
whitish, grub-Hke larvae amend the
entire growing season of thé summer
feeding on the inside of Jit wheat
stem but not emerging. Albout the
time the grain ripens, thjp larvae
cuts a ring around the Inside of the
stem, about an inch above y he sur
face of the ground, and tl^en re
treats to the small section bellow the
ring and seals himself in.
wheat stem breaks off where the
ring was cut and the short tyiece of
Inch stubble containing the 1 larvae
remains standing. Tho larvae re
mains in his snug home over!winter
and the adult fly emerges lii the
spring to lay more eggs on tae next
wheat crop.
The life history and the ihethod
of the fly and larvae suggest the
damage that Is done and also a me
thod for control. Damage occurs
chiefly when the flies are sojnum
erous and enough wheat stenlis are
affected so that a large part olf the
stems break of before harvest Itime.
This, of course, causes loss and it
also makes harvesting difficult.
Fields of wheat Infested with the
fly larva should be harvested Just
before tho stems start breaking off
in damaging numbers. Cutting the
grain at the earliest possible date
will usually avoid much damage by
the saw fly.
The best way of control is to plow
up the grain stubble immediately
after harvest. This turns the wheat
stems containing the larvae under
and if the plowing is well done so
that the furrow slice is turned com
pletely over, the insects are effect
ively trapped so that they cannot es
cape. When this is properly done,
wheat may be again sown without
fear of loss.
T
heat
the
The
9
Liffe om Western Plains
(Continued from Feature Paire, )
actually come again. Tho gulch was
filled with pine trees.
FHour at that time w«|i worth
$1.26 a pound.
In the meantime work had started
on the mining claim and It was op
erated and worked out during the
early part of the season.
Gold Kept Them In Comfort.
The pay was not much, but It
served to enable the emigrants and
miners to live In comfort. The clean
up, which ocurred every day after
work had ceased, amounted to $40
to $50 in gold dust. The claim was
Children Cry f° r
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MOTHER:- Fletcher's cri
Castoria is especially pre- v
pared to relieve Infants in
arms and Children all ages of
Constipation, Flatulency, Wind
Colic and Diarrhea; allaying
Feverishness arising therefrom, and, by regulating the Stomach
and Bowels, aids the assimilation of Food; giving natural sleep.
<
To avoid imitations, always look for the signature of
Absolutely Harmless - No Opiates. Physicians everywhere recommend it.
MONTANA STOCKMEN
Are yon familiar with the «avantages offered by the Spokane Llreatock
M « r »et to »took growers of your statet
Whether your annual turnover la limited to a carload or but a,few head
Tour aale« will I* moat aatlafactory on the open market. Community ahlpplnk
»olTe» (he miukeiiuK problem« of the «rower of stock In amall Iota and this
method of selllntt places the open market at hla door. Assemble a trial ship
ment of Mock owned by varions members of yonr community and realize first
hand the benefits therefrom.
Machet Information by Request
SPOKANE UNION STOCK YARDS
SPOKANE. WASHINGTON
PROJECTS OF STATE
HAVE GOOD CROPS,
SURVEY INDICATES
HOP conditions on the Montana
reclamation projects as reported
to the department of the Inter
ior are as follows:
"Sun River Project: On the Fort
Shaw division the second cutting of
alfalfa Is In excellent condition and
a good yield is asured.
are above the average
years.
alfalfa fields have made a fine show
ing. The principal crop is wheat,
and the yields have run from 4 0 bu
shels down to crops not worth har
vesting.
c
Grain crops
of former
On the Greenfields division
"Milk River Project:
The second
cutting of alfalfa has been complet
ed and blue joint hay is in the stack.
Threshing is well under way. A
large per centage of the beet crop
is In excellent condition.
"Huntley Project; Harvesting of
grain has been completed and the
yields are above
normal. Beets
have done well, and the average
crop Is expected. A
storm damaged an area of about two
square miles northwest of Worden,
resulting in a total loss of the bean
crop there and reducing the beet
yield about two toss per acre.
"Lower Yellowstone Project: All
crops are In excellent condition. Two
cuttings of alfalfa are in the stack.
Peas and beans have been harvested.
Corn was much later than usual and
many fields did not mature except
for fodder and silage. The sugar
beet crop Is larger than ever before.
Grain crops are all harvested and
threshing is being finished. The
yield of wheat averaged from 20 to
40 bushels to the acre."
severe hall
the lowest of the series In that
tlcular locality that paid. Below
It for upwards of 1,600 feet no gold
of consequence was found, while
above It on the adjoining claim, $400
to $500 a day was an ordinary day's
work with the sluices. Shannon &
Ashley, at the junction of several
side gulches had an exceptionally
rich claim. Shannon gulch, which
runs through what is now Park City,
was prospected and found to be rich
in lead gold washed
Grizzly park. In this gulch the Wil
kinson family secured claims In the
upper end towards the park deal, and
It was while working tho ground that
they uncovered the Pedro lead
bedrock.
par
down from
on
Starts To School.
In the fall of 1865 the Wilkinson
family removed to Helena and lived
in a log cabin on Broadway
where the courthouse now stands.
The writer was then 14 years of
age and being Imbued with the idea
that it would be very desirable
have an education, he at once began
attending a private school on the
hill where the St. Vincent Academy
now stands. The school was taught
by Professor Patch, a highly educat
ed man, and his assistant was John
Corum. From being almost a man,
the writer became once more a boy
and Indulged In all the sports and
recreations that are dear to boys in
all countries. Afterwards he at
tended the public schools, which, in
their corriculum were more like col
leges. They taught higher mathe
matics, trigonometry, geometry,
veying and greek and latin. Thomas
Campbell was the first teacher and
the school was located on Rodney
street about half way between Broad
way and State street.
ii- .1 r
to
■ar
CORE THROAT
qjf tonsilitis or hoarseness,
gargle with warm salt
water. Rub Vicks over
throat and cover with a
hot flannel cloth. Swal
low slowly small pieces.
I
WICKS
w VapoRub
Over / 7 Million Jan Used Yearly
In the meantime the writer was
engaged in learning the printing j
business in the Rocky Mountain Ga '
zette office which had been estab
He also
lisbed in the fall of 18C6.
farmed one season with his parents
in the Prickly Pear valley, in 1866.
The farm was one of the few that
were improved. It possessed a good
fence and had buildings and some
ground broken to the plow. The
property had been Improved by two
men named Gray and Acres.
After leaving school and engaging
in the business of making a living
the writer followed such avocations
Ov
v& Yf> Two Facts of Interest
To Stock Shippers
!
«
Among those who ship to us here
at South Saint Paul, a large per
centage are old friends. That
means that we must treat 'em right
or they wouldn't come to us time
after time.
Another fact is that our business is
steadily growing. Our satisfied
customers are recommending us to
their friends.
interesting story, doesn't it?
'&J
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eg
That tells another
^,
/
WEILLER & WEILLER CO.
Livestock Commission
SOUTH ST. PAUL
MINNESOTA
CHICAGO
ILLINOIS
Send for Our Free Weekly Western Market Letter
VACCINATE DURING ANY WEATHER WITH
lederle Blackleg Aggressin, Safe 100 Per Genf
One Dose. Costing Iß CENTS. Protects During Life
oil by Montana State Veterinary Department. Vnlted
ncluntry, nil Veterinary Surgeon« und nil cuttle
ord in lltuuk
AffKrpHftin Is
Staten llu
of Animal
men who have u«ed it. LEDKRLB AGO HESSIN I» the la«t
l-eic taue inution.
Mr«. M. E. K
leu, Helena, Monta
\ VCCI NES. Aggro««}», Anthrax, Abortion, Ilemborratie. Heptlu.»i*nil», Hog
Cholera, White He
. «täte dUtributor for I.KDKRI.E
r«—ail preventative and curative Biologic«,
to your veterinary Surgeon the u«e of LEDEKLK product«.
ID, 20 and flO-do«e packages.
Suggc«t
A Kail « « l n ill
ATTENTION!
Western Cattle and
Sheep Shippers
Consign your stock to this real live commis
sion firm—no shipments too small—none too big
Don't forget we handle sheep as well as cattle,
having two cracker-jack salesmen, Aubry Wil
liams at Chicago, Ed Nolan at Omaha, and well
represented at Si. Paul.
CHICAGO CATTLE SALESMEN
Charles O. Robinson A. W. Thomas Fred Patterson
OMAHA CATTLE SALESMEN
James L. Lush
Chris Hansen
E. W. Cahow
L. C. Robinson
ST. PAUL CATTLE SALESMEN
Alexander (Scotty) Smith
C. W. Vassau
MARKET INFORMATION GLADLY
FURNISHED ON REQUEST
WHEN SHIPPING, HAVE YOUR AGENT
CONSIGN YOUR STOCK TO
Charles 0. Robinson
& Company
UNION STOCK YARDS
OMAHA CHICAGO ST. PAUL
as seemed him best. Among these
were prospecting, exploring and llv
ing in the high mountains, where the
snow fell deep. His experience is
not much dlferent than that of many ■*
hundreds of others.
B. S. Wilkinson knew what to ex
pect on the great plains as he had
gone by that route to the gold dig
gings in California 1849, re
turning by way of Panama.
Raleigh F. Wilkinson remained a
resident of the vicinity of Helena for
the remaining days of his career,
passing to the Great Beyond, at that
city, a few weeks ago.