BUSINESS CARDS.
NAPTON & NAPTON,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Office-Room 12, over Klelnschmnidt & Bro's
store, Deer Lodge, Montana. 22-tf
J A. MILLER,
SURGEON DENTISBT
-- 'I
Office in the Coleman & Ltaldg Block, Deer
Lodge, Montana.
S W. MINSHA
PHYSICI 1N AND SURGEON.
Office Ove ansing's Store, Deer Lodge, Mont.
hours from 11 to 12 a.m.; 2 to 5 p. m.;
nd from 7 to 8 p. m.
C S. - RANSON,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
Office over William Coleman's Store, Deer
Lodge, Montana.
ARMS & KOSKY'S
TONSORIAL PARLOR.
None but first-class work in their line. The
finest baths in the city.
GEO. S. MILLER,
NOTARY PUBLIC.
Careful attention given to conveyancilng. Office
with N. J. Bielenberg &- Co., Deer Lodge
H. TRIPPET,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Office West Side Court Square, Deer Lodge, Mont.
Practices In all the courts of the State. Special
attention to Conveyancing and Collections.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS, M. D.,
PRACTISTNG PiHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Prompt Attention at all Times.
Office hours 9 to 10 a. m.; 12 to 2 and 7 to 8 p. m.
8-tf
BOTTLING WORKS.
VAN GUNDY & MILLER.
Deer Lodge. Mont., having bought and put in the
most approved machinery for generating
Soda. Sarsaparilla, Ginger Ale, Lemonade and
all Carborate Drinks, with experienced work
men In charge, we are prepared to furnish
them bottled or in charges for fountains,
promptly on notice, and as low as any house In
the State. Address orders to
VAN GUNDY & MILLER, Deer Lodge, Mont.
CLASSICAL AND SCIENTIFIC COURSES.
COLLEGE OF MONTANA.
Normal and Prel aratory Courses. Special
Courses in Art, Music, Typewriting, Steno
graphy, Bookkeeping and School of Mines.
Department of Engineering and Chemistry,
Including Mathematics, Surveying, Mechanical,
Civil and Mining Engineering, Metallurgy, Min
eralogy, Assaying, General, Analytical and Ap
plied Chemistry, Blowpipe Analysis, Etc. Open
to both sexes on equal terms.
For terms, etc., apply to Rev. James Reid,
President. Deer Lodge Mont.
LARABIE BROTHERS & CO.,
-BANKERS
Deer Lodge, Montana. Do a General Banking
Business and Draw Exchange on all the prin
clpal cities of the world.
Careful Attention given given to Collections,
and Remittances Promptly made, New York
correspondent, Importers and Traders' National
Bank, New York City, N. Y.
S. E. LARABIE. C. X. LARRABEE. H. S. REED.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK,
HELENA, MONT.
Pald up Capital, $500,000. Surplus and Profits,
$700,000.
Interest allowed on time deposits. General
banking business transacted. Safety deposit
boxes for rent.
DIRECTORs.
S. T. HAUSER, President.
E. W. KNIGHT, Cashier.
1. H. KLEINSCHMIDT, Assistant Cashier.
GEO. H. HILL, Id Assistant Cashier.
GRANVILLE STUART, Stock-grower.
HON. T. C. PowER, U. S. Senator.
J. C. CURTIN, Clarke, Conrad & Curtin.
I. S. HAMILTON, Capitalist.
O. R. ALLEN, Mining and Stock-grower.
CHAs. K. WELLS, Merchant.
A. M. HOLTER, Pres. A. M. Holter Hardware Co.
ASSOCIATED BANKS.
.Northwestern National Bank, Great Falls.
First National Bank, Missoula. First National
Bank, Butte.
THE THOMAS CRUSE
SAVINGS BANK,
HELENA,........MONTANA.
Incorporated under the laws of Montana.
.PAID IN CAPITAL .....................$100,000
-THOMAS CRUSE ...................President.
:FRANK H. CRUSE .............. Vi....ce President.
W. J. CooKE.......Secretary and Asst. Treasurer.
W. J. SWENETY........................ Treasurer.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Thomas Cruse, I Frank H. Cruse,
W. J. Cooke. John Fagan,
W. J. Sweeney.
Allows 4 per cent. interest on Savings Deposits,
.compounded January and July.
Transacts a general banking business, draws
exchange on the:principal cities of the United
States and Europe.
Sell money orders on all points in Europe
-first celss State, County, City and School bonds
and warrants bought and sold. Loans made on
Teal estate mortgages at 10 per cent. Money for
deposits can be forwarded by drafts, cheeks,
money orders, postal notes, registered mail or
express.
Oflicehoursfrom 19 a.m. to4 p. m Also on
Saturday and Mondayevenlngsfrom 7 to8o'clock.
Ebe Rew 1ortbwet.
VOL. 24, NO. 40. . DEER LODGE, MONTANA, APRIL 15, 1893. WHOLE NO. 1040.
1 ~~ ~-~__~-
OUtR DhIPLOMATISTS.
MANY MEN OF LETTERS HAVE REP
RESENTED US ABROAD.
Brilliant Record of American Ministers at
Paris-The German Mission Considered
a Perquisite of Eminent Scholars--uel
ifications of the New Ministers.
The position of the United States
among the nations is so peculiar that for
many years together it has practically
no diplomacy. Foreign diplomats at
Washington have therefore come to
look upon their stay there as a period of
honorable retirement and dignified re
pose. Therefore, also, it was most nat
ural that from the beginning the prac
tice should prevail of choosing chiefly
scholars and aentlemen of elegant lei
'Yr
JAMF.S B. EUSTIS.
sure to represent us at foreign courts,
and the truly honorable list is embel
lished by such names as Franklin, Ban
croft and Motley, Edward Everett, Bay
ard Taylor and Andrew Dickson White,
John Quincy Adams, Albert Gallatin
and James Russell Lowell.
Even the minor consular service has
been thought worthy of acceptance by
such men as Robert Dale Owen, Wirt
Sykes, Bret Harte and scores of equal
rank, including the talented but unfor
tunate author of "Home, Sweet Home."
Hence appointments in the diplomatic
line by President Cleveland have been
scrutinized with unusual interest, for it
is conceded by men of all parties that
such places are outside of so called civil
service rules and that a Democratic ad
ministration ought to be represented
abroad by Democrats.
The successor of Franklin and Wash
burne (the two bright particular stars of
our mission to France) excites special
interest, as he is the first full fledged
minister to any European court from
Lousiana since the famous Pierre Soule
in 1853-5. There would seem a special
fitness in sending a Louisiana man to
France. and Hon. James Biddle Eustis,
the new appointee, is a native of New
Orleans. born Aug. 27., 1834, and familiar
with the French language and literature.
The family, however, is of Puritan ori
gin. William Eustis was governor of
Massachusetts in 1823-5. His nephew
and private secretary, George Eustis,
born in Boston in 1796, went to New
Orleans in 1817 and obtained high rank
as a jurist, and the present ex-senator and
diplomat is his son. He served with hon
or in the Confederate army and in the
legislature, practiced law, was attorney
general of the state, filled an unexpired
term in the United States senatein 1877-9
and was elected for the full term of
1885-91, which he served with distinction.
It will be no light task for him to sus
tain the traditional glory of the place,
for whileit is true that our chief com
plications have been with Great Britain,
yet, taking our history as a whole, the
French mission has been the one of
greatest brilliancy. It has been held by
such men as Thomas Jefferson, Gouver
neur Morris, James Monroe, Charles C.
Pinckney, Albert Gallatin and others of
almost equal note, but certainly no man
held it with greater dignity and success
than Elihu Benjamin Washliurne. As
the retiring diplomats in 1870-1 one by
one turned over their archives to him it
resusted that he was for nearly a year
not only minister from the United
States, but for five German and other
powers and several minor principalities
and was at the same time confidential
adviser of the French government.
All these apparently irreconcilable
functions he performed with such skill
that France and Germany, differing in
all else, agreed in honoring him. The for
THEODORE RUNYON.
mer asked his retention for four more
years, and the latter conferred all the
honors the United States constitution
would permit.
The German mission has from the
first been considered as one peculiarly
for scholars, as our relations with Ger
many do not, save in very rare instances,
involve any necessity for diplomatic
tactics. Theodore Runyon, the new ap
pointee, was born in Somerville, N. J.,
Oct. 25, 1822, of an old French Huguenot
family, the name originally Rognion.
He was graduated from Yale in 1842
and has held various state offices, the
most important being that of chancellor.
The new minister to Denmark, John
Ewing Risley. is comparatively a new
man in politics. lie was born near Vin
cennes, Ind., about 49 years' ago, studied
law at Terre Haute, and while still a
minor married a _cster of senator U. W.
Voorhees, removed to New York city soon
after and has practiced law with great
success. His home is at the beautiful
suburb of New Rochelle.
The German mission, as aforesaid, has
been regarded from the first as peculiar
ly the perquis;te of great scholars, though
the record has been broken in a way that
borders on the ludicrous. Of course we
had ministers to Prussia from the first,
and of one the story is told that when the
British minister proposed to introduce
him to the French minister he felt called
on to say:
"I must warn you that though the gen
tleman is an eminent American-lately
governor of his state-yet he cannot
speak a word of French."
"Ah, well," said the other, "I will re
member to speak English."
"But he does not really speak English."
"Ah, then, what does he speak?"
"He speaks Hoosier."
This, however, was probably a "cam
paign lie." At any rate it was in the old
condition when Prussia had really no
important relations with us. As soon,
however, as the real Germany was or
ganized in 1871, George Bancroft, the
historian, was accredited thereto and
was received with enthusiasm. "In you,"
said Bismarck, "we honor at once Wash
ington and Washburne; we honor free
dom anl learning." He had just before
been minister to Prussia and the North
German confederation and received the
highest honors from the universities and
various learned bodies. He was followed
by John Chandler Bancroft Davis and
he by Bayard Taylor, whose reception
was the spontaneous ovation of the Ger
man people. They had honored Bancroft
and Davis; they really loved Bayard
.Taylor.
By common consent he was taken not
so much as representative of the great
republic of the west as of the great re
public of letters. The news of his illness
and death followed, all too soon, the
news of his cordial reception, and no
German scholar ever received a more
general and heartfelt tribute of sorrow
ful respect from men of all ranks than
was accorded to Bayard Taylor. The
state department was embarrassed by
the task of selecting a worthy successor,
but found him in the person of Professor
Andrew Dickson White of Cornell uni
versity. He fully sustained the dynasty
of scholarship, aided not a little by his
refined and accomplished wife, of whom
the Berlinese said that she "looked like
a fascinating picture from the canvas of
Watteau."
His successor, Aaron Sargent of Cali
fornia, had never before been abroad
and was better versed in popular politics
JOHN E. RISLFY.
than in diplomacy. He seemed to think
it the thing to speak his views on local
matters quite as freely in Berlin as in
San Francisco, and the result was that
the official press, Bismarck's organ lead
ing, made the temperature very warm
for him. His high character as a man
remained unblemished, but he returned
home with the frank confession that the
paths of diplomacy were quite too slip
pery for him. John A. Kasson and
George H. Pendleton followed in turn
and made the residence of the American
minister a place of delight for scholars
and travelers of American and other na
tionalities. Lastly came William Walter
Phelps, whose success is the pride of
Americans of all parties. His successor
has indeed many worthy examples from
Bancroft to Phelps.
Life is very, very pleasant at a for
eign court to any American minister
who is a man of culture, with a mod
erate degree of diplomatic training or
even of tact and native capacity for it
without the training, and with wealth
enough to enable him to entertain with
out embarrassment. The position is
one of just sufficient dignity to make
it agreeable to the natural man, yet
not enough to cause an embarrass
ment of attentions. In all the walks
and drives, at all the receptions and
court balls, the American minister has
a place of honor. His wife is one of the
first ladies of the land. Their associa
tions are with the learned and polite,
the wealthy, the noble and the witty.
True, there have been complications.
First was the question of court dress,
which called forth so many cheap witti
cisms some 40 years ago as "the great
breeches question." Secretary Marcy
settled it once for all by a peremptory
order that American representatives
abroad should wear no livery whatever.
The question of rank still rankles, as
one diplomat has put it. It is still a
trifle annoying that the representative of
a monarchy like Spain, for instance,
should take precedence because called an
embassador, and that the American
minister should bring up the tail end of
the procession. But such formal affairs
are very rare, indeed, and for the most
part one's social standing depends on
imself. As a rule, there is very little
indeed for an American minister to do.
He simply has-to dress well, live cleanly,
talk to delightful people and keep him
self well informed on the condition of
the country to which he is accredited.
It certainly is pleasant. At any rate,
"the job" is very much sought after.
J. H. BEaDLz.
Bragg for Brazil.
WAsmHI'NGTON, April 4. - General
Bragg of Wisconsin will probably be
named for ministpr to Brazil.
TRANSMISSIESIPPI CONGRESS.
Twenty-two States and Territories to Be
Represented at Ogden.
The transmississippi congress, so called,
has already held four sessions and exer
cised great influ
ence on legisla
tion, and its ap
proaching session
will be of unusual
importance. No
one fact could
emphasize the
westward course
of empire more -
forcibly than the
fact that this con
gress is to be held
in Ogden, Utah,
a place which but
a few years ago GOVERNOR PRINCE.
was an obscure Mormon settlement, but
is now an important railway center, with
an opera house capable of seating 2,000
delegates and hotel accommodations for
them.
Its first session was at Galveston some
three years ago,its second some six months
later at Denver, its third at Omaha, and
its fourth last February at New Orleans.
All the railroads are making special rates
to the congress, and asit will close about
the time the World's fair opens those
from the Pacific and other far western
states will be asked' to arrange their
tickets to the fair so that visitors may
take in the congress. All the states and
territories west of the Mississippi will be
represented, and the principal subjects
discussed will be irrigation and the rec
lamation of arid lands, silver, public
lands, the Pacific and gulf coast har
bors and all other matters of special in
terest to the west.
It is easy to see in all the notices and
appeals of the far western papers in re
lation to this congress that the idea is
prevalent that the west has been neg
lected and that the time has come to
convince the Atlantic states that the
seat of empire has shifted. California,
Oregon and Washihgton want improved
rivers and harbors and vastly increased
coast defenses, Texas wants deep water
at Galveston and elsewhere, the moun
tain commonwealths want a comprehen
sive system of irrigation, and all want
silver restored to its old place in the
coinage.
They have undertaken a big contract,
and have therefore broadened the basis
of representation to secure a big con
gress. Each state or territory is entitled
to 10 delegates, each county to one, each
city to one for each 5,000 people or frac
tional part thereof, all commercial bod
ies in all towns to as many each as the
town in which each is situated, and in
addition all governors, mayors, county
judges and presidents of boards of coun
ty supervisors are ex-officio members.
Governor Bradford Prince of New
Mexico is presidant of the congress,
elected at its last session at New Orleans,
and will hold over till his successor is
elected at Ogden. O, W. Crawford of
Velasco, Tex., is the present secretary.
The congress has 10 vice presidents, all
men of influence.
THE PRESIDENT'S PASTOR.
Rev. Dr. Sunderland of the First Presby
terian Church at WVashington.
The presidents of the United States
have generally been attendants at divine
worship during their terms of office, and
Mr. Cleveland during his first term was
no exception to the rule. Few of the
chief magistrates
of the nation
have been more
regular in this
form of Sabbath
observance than
he. Soon after
" his first inaugu
ration he selected
a pew in the First
Presbyterian
church of Wash
REV. DR. SUNDERLAND. ington, and not
many were the Sunday mornings on
which he did not occupy it. After his
marriage his wife was admitted to mem
bership on a letter from the church with
which she had previously worshiped, and
they generally attended the services to
gether. Upon his second inauguration
the president and Mrs. Cleveland chose
the same church and the same pew oc
cupied by them during the first admin
istration.
The old First is historic and was one
of the very first churches organized in
the Capital City. It was established
nearly a hundred years ago and for a
long period was one of the most fash
ionable churches in the city, its site on
Four and a Half street being in the
heart of what was considered the best
residence district. The conditions have
changed now, and the tide of fashion has
swept away to the northwestward, while
the vicinage of the church has become
very thickly populated with people who
are not leaders in society. It still
retains many of the leading residents of
Washington among it membership, how
ever, and is alert, active and aggressive
in its religious work.
The pastor of the church, the Rev.
Dr. Sunderland, who has occupied the
pulpit for 40 years, is more than 70
years of age, but still retains much of
the vigor and enthusiasm of his younger
days. His discourses are eloquent and
forceful as of old, when they gained him
a reputation as a pulpit orator that
reached far beyond the confines of his
congregation. The burden of his years,
however, has made it impossible for him
to perform much of the work which
such a pastorate demands, and a year.or
so ago the congregation decided to en
gage an assistant to relieve him. Rev.
Samuel Van Vranken Hohnes of Rich
field Springs, N. Y., was the man en
gaged, and his labors have been attend
ed with marked success.
Cleveland's Summer Residence.
WAsHINGToN, April 4.-It is under
stood that the president has decided on
his summer residence and has taken the
country place of Mrs. Eate Henderson,
wife of Chief Henderson of the navy,
on Woodle Lane. It is one of the pleas
antest of the country places within a
convenient distance of.the White House.
It is understood that Mr. and Mrs.
Cleveland will soon take possession of
the house.
EN'fERPRI'ING SIAMESE.
They Expect Great Things to Follow Their
Exhibition at the World's Fair.
The avidity with which foreigners take
advantage of the World's fair to extend
their commerce with the United States
is well illustrated in the case of Siam.
The commercial
relations between
the two countries
at present do not
amount to much,
but if the hopes
of Phra' Suriya
Nuivati, World's
fair commission
er from Siam, are
realized, the ex
hibits that coun
try will make at.
the fair will have
the effect of pro
moting direct
trade -relations
between the two 'HA smuYA NsUrATI.
nations. Besides the curious ivory carv
ings in which the Siamese are so pre-em
inently proficient, and the pretty brass
work, they will show specimens of all
their woods, agricultural productions
and manufactures, and examples of the
work of their women, mostly fancy nee
dlework and crocheting. The king has
already appropriated $35,000 for the ar
rangement of the exhibits of his country
and will set aside more as it is needed.
Phra Suriya Nuivati is a quick, active,
nervous little man, with a dark com
plexion and straight, stiff, black hair.
He has a straggling mustache, which he
twists as he talks. He needs no inter
preter as he speaks excellent English.
He is accompanied by his wife, who is
in charge of the women's department of
the Siamese exhibit, and by an assist
ant. One of the curious bits of informa
tion he imparted was that in Siam most
of the buying and selling was done by
women, few men ever being seen about
the shops. He says the women are very
shrewd traders and hard to beat. The
men do all the heavier mechanical work
and the farming.
NOT AFRAID OF THE CARS.
A Chicago Girl Who Is Mtaking a Unique
lRailroad Journey.
The novel journey around the United
States now being made by Miss Bessie
Mitchell Doolittle is in some respects of
greater interest than the trips against
time undertaken by Nellie Bly, Eliza
beth Bisland and
George Francis
Train. Miss Bly
and Miss Bisland
simply started
out to show the
possibility of cir
cuelnavig a tin g
the earth within
a limited time,
and incidentally
\to advertise
themselves and
the newspapers
that planned and
paid for their
trips, while Mr.
V Train apparently
had no other ob
ject than to make
better time than
BESSIeE M. DOOLITTLE. Miss Blv. thonil,
mere was come sort or an advertismg
dodge connected with his scheme too.
Miss Doolittle's journey has quite a
different and more practical purpose. It
was undertaken to show the possibility
of traveling all around the United States,
across the border to the City of Mexico
and back again on one continuous trip,
without the necessity of once putting
foot on the ground. Incidentally it is ex
pected to show the perfection the through
passenger car service of American rail
roads has reached. In fact it was ar
ranged by the general passenger agent of
one of the railroads in Chicago with that
object in view. The element of time en
ters into consideration only so far as it
concerns malting the necessary railroad
connections, though of course if that is
accomplished the journey will neces
sarily be made in the shortest time pos
sible over the roads traversed.
Miss Doolittle left Chicago on March
22 and the itinerary of the trip as ar
ranged before her departure included
Portland, Or.; San Francisco and Los
Angeles, Cal.; Deming, N. M.; El Paso,
Tex.; Chihuahua, Zacatecas and the City
of Mexico, in Mexico, on the southern
trip, and San Luis Potosi, Mexico, Lare
do and San Antonio, Tex., on the re
turn. From Laredo the way lies through
San Antonio again and thence north to
Texarkana, St. Louis, Detroit, Buffalo,
New York and Boston. From Boston a
trip will be made back to New York by
one of the railroads connecting with a
line of steamers on Long Island sound
and thence back to Chicago through
Pennsylvania.
The entire journey is scheduled to oc
cupy 19 days, and Miss Doolittle is ex
pected to arrive in Chicago in the after
noon of April 10. She will not travel in
a special car, but in an ordinary section
6f a sleeping car, and expects to show
how comfortable, convenient and safe
travel on the ordinary coachis for every
day travelers.
Miss Doolittle is a tall, slender young
lady of attractive personal appearance,
with brown hair, brown eyes and glisten
ing white teeth. She is a thorough
American girl, bright, alert, entertain
ing to talk to, good to look at and thor
oughly able to take care of herself under
any circumstances. She has lived in
Chicago since she was 2 years old and
is considered a good traveler. She ex
pects to enjoy her trip, though she
thinks it may prove a bit tiresome.
Authorized to Calf Troops.
CHIcAGO, April 4.-General Miles has
wired Colonel Townsend at Fort Leav
enworth to proceed at once to the seat
of trouble among the Choctaw Indians
in the Indian Territory. Colonel Towns
end goes alone and is authorized to call
troops to his aid by wire should in his
judgment their be any necessity for
their presence.
Electrocuted at Sing Sing,
SING SING, N. Y., April 4.-James W.
Hamilton, the colored ex-preacher1 and
convicted wife murderer, died in the
electric chair at 11:12 a. m.
RIGHT TO QUIT WORK
THE ISSUE INVOLVED IN THE ANN
ARBOR CASE.
Judges R5 ,ks and Taft Have Put a Nefw
Phase on the Labor Question--Labor
Leaders Sargent and Arthur Have Had
Interesting Careers.
Put in the fewest possible words, the
various orders and rulings of United
States District Judge Ricks and the re
straining order of United States Circuit
Judge Taft in the Ann Arbor railway
cases at Toledo mean just this: Railroad
and telegraph :employees and some oth
ers form a class which is a marked ex
ception to the general rule as to laborers'
rights. Those corporations are the pub
lic's agents; they are under obligations
to government, and the men in their em
ploy are quasi public agents. They can
not drop work at will or without giving
due notice, as by so doing they may
work great injury to the public.
Similarly condensed, the reply of the
men is: If the railroads can, as they do,
combine to regulate labor and wages, and
the employees cannot, ot if the railroads
can, as they do, discharge employees at
will, and the men have no corresponding
right, then it is, in effect, despotism. To
this Chief Arthur of the Locomotive En
gineers, who is rated as notably con
JUDGE RICKS. JUDGE TAFT.
servative among laboring men, adds that
the men would not object to a law
equally binding on both parties and re
quiring notice with sufficient time. It is
evident that a new and very grave ques
tion is raised, and probable that it must
go to the United States supreme court
for final settlement.
Of the solutions offered, that of the so
cialists, semisocialists and paternalists
generally is this: Let the government
take charge of the railroads and run
them as it did in wartime. Let the em
ployees be taken as enlisted men, and
then they can be punished for desertion.
And this idea so far commends itself to
the vice president and manager of the
road in controversy, James N. Ashley,
that he has embodied the principle in his
new set of rules. Hereafter employees
are to be taken for a definite time and
sign a contract accordingly. They are
to-be examined under civil service rules
and give some guarantees for strict per
formance of contract and are to be dis
charged or promoted by rule. It is un
necessary to add that the world will
watch his experiment with intense inter
est.
Al- te parties to the controversy are
in dead earnest and realize that it is or
ganized labor's big fight. His honor
Augustus J. Ricks, scarcely heard of out
side of his district before March 11, is
now a man of national, possibly inter
national, note. His official residence is
at Cleveland; he is United States district
judge for the northern district of Ohio,
and his salary is $5,000.
United States Circuit Judge William
H. Taft is a man of far more note, and
his career has been phenomenal. A son
of Judge Alphonso Taft, who was in turn
secretary of war, attorney-general and
minister to Austria and Russia, the young
judge was born in Cincinnati Sept. 15,
1857. He was graduated from Yale in
1878 and admitted to the bar in 1880,
and his progress in his profession was so
rapid that after holding minor offices he
was in 1887 made judgeof the Cincinnati
superior court. Not quite three years
later President Harrison appointed him
solicitor general at Washington, and two
years later, at the early age of 34, he was
named for the high dignity of United
States circuit judge in the new circuit
court of appeals then created as an aid
to the supreme court. Rare indeed are
the instances in judicial history of such
rapid advancement.
His restraining order, denounced by
the strikers as arbitrary, peremptorily
forbids P. M. Arthur and F. P. Sargent
from issuing or continuing any rule or
order directing any railroad man to re
fuse to handle any goods in transit from
one state to another, or doing anything
else to hinder transportation. It names
them and their brotherhoods specifically,
and flatly forbids men or orders to do
as they have been doing. In short, it
brings the whole force of the federal
government squarely down on brother
hood methods, and, as Chief Arthur very
forcibly says, if it is sustained there is
simply nothing for the brotherhoods to
do but disband.
Peter M. Arthur, chief of the Brother
hood of Locomotive Engineers, is a na
tive of Scotland, but came to this coun
try very young, began life as a helper
in the blacksmith shops of the New York
Central, worked up to the position of en
gineer and was elected chief in 1874.
During his 19 years as its head the order
has attained a membership of %80,000,
and he, by judicious investments in real
estate and otherwise, has acquired $300,
000. He lives in a handsome brick house
on Euclid avenue, Cleveland, is a mem
ber of the Methodist church and has a
wife and three grown and married chil
dren. Frank P. Sargent, chief of the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, is
a native of Vermont, 41 years old and
lives in Terre Haute, Ind.
Three Men Fatally Scalded.
CONNELLSVILLE, Pa., April 4.-The
boiler of a shifting engine exploded
near this place on the Baltimore and
Ohio railway. Three brakemen were
fatallv scalded ad otherw iniured.
Jersey Forest Fires Still Burning.
PHILADELPHIA, April 4.-A special to
The Evening Telegraph from Mays
Landing, N. J., says high winds have
kept the forest.fires that are burning in
South Jersey burning fiercely and there
is no, bone of stopping the destruction.
PICTURES BY TELEGRAPH.
Professor Gray's Invention That Vill Bendd
Facsimniles by Wire.
Though most people have become ac
customed to say that they would not be
surprised at any new electrical inven
tion, however marvelous, it, is doubtful
if the world was any better prepared for
the advent of the telautograph than it
was for the phonograph when it came.
and when everybody and his big brother
considered it a hoax. That a man would
ever be able to sit down in his private
office and draw a diagram or a picture
with an ordinary lead lencil or write a
message which should be reproduced in
facsimile hundreds of miles away by
electricity seemed quite as improbable
as it once did that the sound of a voice
talking in New York could be heard in
Boston or Chicago. Yet the telauto
graph will enable him to do that very
thing.
The new instrument is the invention
of Professor Elisha Gray, who claims
that he invented the telephone, though
Professor Alexander Graham Bell was
granted the patent, for which both men
applied on the same day. His experience
ORIOINAL. REPROI)UCTION.
with the telephone has led him to be very
careful with the telautograph, and he has
guarded his new invention by filing
nearly 400 claims in the patent office. He
invented the musical telephone and the
harmonic telegraph, by which eight dif
ferent messages can be sent over one
wire at the same time, but he considers
the telautograph the crowning achieve
ment of a life largely devoted to elec
trical inventions.
The construction of the telautograph
is very simple. It consists of a trans
mitter and receiver at each end of the
wire, whatever is written at one end of
the circuit being reproduced in facsimile
at the other, and the sender and receiver
each having a copy of every message and
reply. The transmitter is an ordinary
lead pencil, with two silk cords fastened
at right angles to each other near its
point. These cords connect with the in
strument, follow the motions of the pen
cil and regulate the motions of the pen
on the distant receiving instrument as
well as on that beside the operator who
sends the message. The receiving pen
is a capillary glass tube placed at the
junction of two aluminium arms and is
supplied with ink through a small rub
ber tube. A roll of ordinary paper five
inches wide is attached to the machine
and is shifted mechanically at the trans
mitter and electrically at the receiver.
The electricity coming over the wire
moves the pen of the receiver simultane
ously with the movements of the pencil
in the hand of the operator, and an ink
tracing is left as the pen passes over the
paper which is always a facsimile of the
sender's motions.
TWO NEW COMMISSIONERS.
Wado Hampton and John S. Seymour Re
ceive Important Federal Offices,
President Cleveland continues to scat
ter his favors in office, giving among all
sections qf his party and country, ap
pointing one and disappointing ten, as
presidents have had to do from the start.
Wade Hampton, soldier and senator in
turn, is made commissioner of railroads,
and John S. Seymour of Connecticut
commissioner of patents, yvhile other
equally good offices go to tse far west
and far south in turn.
The appointment of Wade Hampton
probably excites most comment and
gives much satisfaction in his section,
for, though 75 years old, he is still in the
full vigor of intellect, enjoying excellent
health and genial to an unusual degree,
looking upon life without asperity and
expressing his views with all the opti
mism of youth. To give his biography and
military career would be superfluous.
Suffice it that he was born in Columbia,
S. C., in 1818, was graduated from the
state university, became a lawyer and
tt
WADE HAMIPTON. JOlN S. SE.IA UR.
served with disirl:tion in the state legis
lature before the war. His subsequent
career as general, governor and senator
is well known.
In the national senate General Hamp
ton had an experience probably without
precedent. As chairman of the commit
tee on military affairs he made 500 re
ports, and not one of them was acted
upon adversely by the senate. He en
tered that body in 1877 under peculiar
circumstances, which excited much bit
terness, yet left it in 1891 with the
warm personal regard of every one of
his political opponents. Indeed no sena
tor of either party maintained more
pleasant personal relations. In appear
ance he combines the venerable and the
genial. His snow white hair and whir
kers, with his broad brimmed lhat, give
him quite a patriarchal appearance.
At the other end of the c.itry, a.
well as of the list, so far as beoig noted
goes, is John S. Seymour, the newly
named commissioner of paten ts. He is
a lawyer some 40 years of age and a res
ident of Norwalk, Conn. Two years ago
he was elected to the state ser.ate, which
was his first public service. Recently
he was appointed insurance c'mmission
er for the state. In national affairs he is
an absolutely new man.
The Book of Iooks.
What is said to be the costliest illus
trated book ever made is the property of
a man in Oswego, N. Y. It is a Bible
and cost $10.000. It was originally in
seven volumes, but has been enlarged to
60 volumes by the insertion of drawings,
etchings, engravings, lithographs; mez
zo tints and paintings, of which there are
8,000.
Nellie Vilas, daughter of United
States Senator Vilas, died at Madison,
Wis., Monday of malignant quinsy.
The senator is fishing in Florida and
cannot be reached by telegraph.