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*7 I is? M v. IS il "Mi iUf. Ct ^Tlje JDcmacrat, BROKSOH & CAES, Publishers. 1 MANCHESTER, IOWA. What relation is the yoke overcoat to -tbe Mother Hubbard? The namo Seth is having a liberal run at New York christenings. Hie world is full of people who would do wonderful things'if they could only get started. "Faint heart never won fair lndy," but it undoubtedly has often saved it self a lot of trouble. The cruiser Albany is said to be a S menace to health. Admiral Oervera will testify that the Brooklyn was also anti ,r health. Oklahoma will cheerfully accept eith er single or double statehood. The only kind she objects to is deferred state liood. Kural mail carriers resign to tile num ber of ISO a month. Thus has our mar \elous American progress developed^an office that has to hunt the man. An idiot has been cured by surgery .' in New York. Now let surgery try its ,r,'"x hand on some of those Anglo-maniacs •who swallow the ends of their canes. Madame Sarnli Grand declares that men are happier than women, Per haps that is trie. They have more to make them happy. They have the women. Of all the definitions of what consti tutes a wise man that of a Chicago ed itor lilts it off the best. A wise man. says this editor, "is one Vho knows what not to say." A British firm has secured tbe con tract for constructing an electric rail way in London. The circumstance Is considered so remarkable that all the English papers arc crowing about it. The cause of the death of LI Bung Chang Illustrates the scripture, "He that controlleth his own spirit is great er than he that taketh a city." Chang died from a flt of anger. Although he could control millions of men and of money he could not control himself. Khaki-dyed tentage Is the rule In the army now. No more white tents will bo purchased. White is too conspicu ous. The poetry of the service, in peace and in war, has made much of the snowy canvas homes of the men but war Is not carried on with even the in cidental purpose of furnishing material to tbe bards. Of the sixty Cuban school teachers who have begun a two years' course at tlie New York State Normal School at Newpaltz, Principal Doremus Scudder declares lie never had so eager, inter esting and congenial a group of pupils. Besides book-learning and the Englisu language, their Instruction includes cooking, keeping a house clean and otbei domestic arts weaving, carpentry and such practical industries as will grpw out of their home environment gym nastics to correct their weak muscles and "short wind," and the vital art of amusement for their leisure hours. One of the girls, in a fleeting moment of dis couragement over all she had to learn, recently exclaimed "Our brothers who gave their lives for Cuba did not begin to suffer as we who are living for Cuba!" 1 In the old days of the Hudson Bay Company, trade with the Indians was conducted wholly by barter. The stand ard of value was a beaver-sldn, and guns, knives, powder, lead and blankets were exchanged for furs without re course to coin. In time, however, the trade produced its own currency—a •1^ J, stick or tally known as the "made Ssfii beaver." This was issued by the com i^Vipany and accepted for the value of one '-"j beaver-Skin at any post. Some flavor of the old romance will attach to the new Canadian gold coins to be-known as ..the beaver, the half-beaver and the 'double-beaver. They will be the coun terpart In value of our eagle, half-eagle 'Jand double eagle, the heaver being the -'-"national bird" of Canada as the eagle Is of the United States. It is safe to say that Interest in those new coins will not be confined to people who care for ro mance. While European engineers discourse concerning the redemption of the Sa hara desert the process of the redemp tion of arid lands in the United States is being practically carried out. An ,, irrigation company Is rescuing about a million acres of desert land in south western Arizona, southeastern Califor ... nla andTJorthcrn Lower California. \'"f_ This desert land needs only water to .• make it flt for cultivation. Since June of tills year hundreds of families have ./been brought to this district by the Irrigation company which is prepare! J' to water the vast sun-baked area. Dur -,,7 ing tlie present season crops have ma tured on 1,500 acres and in a short time over 50,000 acres will be ready for tlie Man with the Hoe. Within three years it Is estimated the fertile land will be increased to 500,000 acres, providing a livelihood for thousands of settlers. Already the population of tills once desert land has been increased from five voters to one thousand. Tlie larger problem of irrigation must doubtless be solved by government action. The 4ffemand for more land is growing into a great chorus of pleas and it must reach Washington. Meantime private enter prise is working on a sdialler scale In a very successful way. The desert is to blossom as the rose. Various theories are entertained by people who have no chil i-en as to when children should he spa ked, how they should be spanked ai. 1 when they should not be spankeU. Almost any parent is qualified to give an expert opinion as to how often the neighbor's children should be spanked, but when It comes to his own children he wan ders about in a hazy atmosphere of doubt, seeking advice from all the high dome thinkers who have made a study children in the abstract and who ve a large assortment of theories re •ding their government. They read addresses delivered at mothers' !ongresses—for every mothers* con gress is almost certain to have two or three mothers in it—and they listen to the pedagogical and sociological pro fessors expound their theories conceru Ing the proclivities and ratiocinations of the juvenile mind. But children, un fortunately, cannot be studied in the abstract they are decidedly concrete. One must get "in touch" with them in the concrete way In order to handle them and understand them. Besides, the theories of those who study them a sS* if 7 at safe instance are conflicting. One nutlior'iy says (hey may be spanked until they reach the age of 12, another declares they should not be spanked at nil. At Inst the situation is cleared by a judicial ruling ou spauking. Judge Tuthill, who presides over the Juvenile Court in Chicago, places the spanking age at 10 years. After child Is 10 years old, says the judge, spanking has uo effect. Notwithstanding the gener alization of the learned judge, it is prob ably a fact that- the "spanking age" depends upon the child, and the judge might have added that in most cases the parents should be spauked and*not the child. Things art moving along in the edu cational world. Even the higher insti tutions of learning are making what appears to be a strenuous effort to catch up with the procession. It appears to be dawning upon thein that Ignor ance of spelling nfid inability to recite the multiplication table are not always the hallmarks of genius or the open sesame to scholarly distinction. At the Northwestern University, Evanston, 111, the students have stopped grubbing for Greek roots and are digging up the little green spelling books. They arc compeljed to go away back and sit down with the clemontals of an English education because of a ruling of the faculty that no student will be allowed to graduate from the institution who spells yield "yeakl," or shadow "sliad clow." The boy who spells villaiu "vil lan" may get a hundred in chemistry, but as spelling is a fundamental proc ess in the art of communicating thought the university believes it will be more useful to a young man in the battle of life than knowing the formula of liydro zincite. Of course this will bo regarded as a very old-fashioned proceeding on the part of the institution at Evanston. It is not exactly in line with the "new education," which lays very little stress upon the "three claiming that "readin', 'ritin' and 'rlthmetic" may now be regarded as the non-essentials of education. But a condition con fronted the university, not a theory. Most of the students admitted to the in stitution come from high schools and academies. Their inabiliy to spell the commonest words in tlie English lan guage made some of their mauuscripts unintelligible. When a youug man is writing about a wonderful feat and spells it "feet" how is tlie professor to know what he is driving at? The fact Is, we will have to go back very close to the little country schoolhouse in some of our educational ideas. Not all the youug men who are attending the colleges will be able to hire stenogra phers and typewriters to do their spell tug for thefn. Moreover, who is to do the spelling for the stenographers and typewriters? PHOTOGRAPHS LIGHTNING. Professor Pickcrinjr Has M*nde a Won derful Tiscovery. Prof Edward C. Pickering, of Har vard Observatory, has startled the world of science by successfully analyz ing liglitniug with the spectroscope. She Wanted to Know. One Sunday morning in the Brooklyn Tabernacle, while the pastor was in tlie midst of an interesting sermon and the eyes of the great congregation were lixed upon him, and stillness pervaded the huge edifice, an exceedingly comi cal incident occurred. Down in the center of the church, al most crowded out of sight bj' her older neighbors, sat a black-eyed miss of six years. Directly in front loomed the bald head of an aged man. While the little girl was looking, a fly circled around and alighted on the bald head. It stood motionless for a second, and then moved softly ovei^ the smooth and shiny surface. The aged gentleman was deeply en grossed in the sermon, and for a while evinced no uneasiness. All the while the child's eyes followed the movements of tlie fly. She was deeply interested. Suddenly the old gentleman's arm shot up and came down with a resound ing whack upon his cranium. The little one behind had been waiting for this. Sliding out of her seat before her mother could check her, she placed her chubby little hands on the old gentle man's shoulders, and, peering over into his face, unmindful of the time and place, asked with much animation: "Did 'oo kill it?" Guard OIL liikcs. President Luubet is well protected. His secret guard consists of twelve men, under tlie orders of a police com missioner. These men watch constant ly over his person. When he receives they mingle with the guests close by him, and when he goes out they follow him, aud have orders never to lose him an instant from view. When lie drives they accompany him on bicycles, and it Is only then that they can be recogniz ed. This guard of twelve men alone costs the state the nice little sum of 75,000 francs a year. Cows. New York State has more cows than Pennsylvania and New Jersey com bined, and more than any other one State in the Union, Iowa being second, Illinois third, and Wisconsin fourth. The entire number of cows in the States and Territories is 10,202,300, with a totgl valuation of $514,812,100. 3 The analysis proves that the element Jjydrogen is a com pound substance, perhaps the basis of all other ele I a of a single indivis ible element, as chemists have sup- rnoF. ncKEWNG. posed. And a start* llngrevelation is the fact that the photo graphs of the spectrum of a streak of llghtniug, showing that it is made up of lines belonging to chemical elements which spem to be split up into still more elementary substances, pre sents a remarkable resemblance with the spectrum of Nova, the new star in Perseus. There, too, the spectral lines of hydrogen appear curiously different from their ordinary appearance, and both In intensity and position bear a close resemblance to what they show itrthe spectrum of lightning. What re lation can there be between the vast glowing air of that distant star, too dis tant to be measured, presumably ablaze from center to circumference with in tense heat—a conllagration extensive enough to involve many such worlds as ours In destruction—and the cool air thatenwraps our little planet and carries the clouds and rains that make the earth inhabitable. Nova was discovered only a year ago, and the mightiest ex plosion of lightning is insignificant as compared with an outburst such as that which produces a new star, and yet both phenomena—the lightning from a summer cloud and the gigantic out break of power that caused an extin guished sun in Perseus to burst again into flame—produce a similar effect. Unit linen Cement Floor, A cement floor is quite expensive, but if properly made will last for many years. By using a cheaper grade of ce meut than the Portland for the foun dation, the expense of the floor will be much reduced. To make the filling, take one part of cement, three parts of clean, sharp sand, and live parts of broken stone. Mix the saud and ce ment while dry, and mix thoroughly then add sufficient water to make a paste. Work the mixture with a hoe until the sand particles are covered with the cement. Spread this mixture on a board platform then spread the CEMENT FLOOR. broken stones over it and mix all un til the stoues are completely covered with a coating of the cement. Tlie sur face on which the cement is to bo placed should be graded with a slight slope toward the gutter, as shown In the illustration, the plan calliug for an arrangement where the cows stand rear to rear, the gutter being in the middle. When the surface Is properly-graded, spread the mixture over it to the depth of at least four inches, and com pact it thoroughly. Tills tilling should be left until partially dried before the top coat is given. The time for drying will depend somewhat on the weather. For the second coat, only lie best grade of cement should be used, mixing one part of it dry with three parts of good sand, addlug water until a stiff mortar Is obtained. This mixture should then be spread over the foundation mixture, and should be about an inch thick. The gutter should be cemented also, and be made with the slightly rounding center. The gutter should slope gradually to one end of the stable, where a vat should be placed to hold the liquid.— Indianapolis News. f"elf-Feeder for Cattle. Tlie Iowa Homestead publishes an Illustration of a self-feeder for cattle which a correspondent of that journal built. Above the triangular hopper Is A SEBF-FEEDER FOR CATTLE. a floor with traps in it ruuning the en tire length of the building, aud the hopper can be replenished from time to time, as occasion requires. Feed can be stored here for bad weather. A door, shown in the illustration, Is where the self-feeder Is replenished from the wagon when the weather is fine. Silos and Knstlnce. An exchange says that twenty years ago there were not twenty-five silos in America, and now there arc at least a half-million. We will not vouch for the accuracy of their figures, but know that they increase rapidly each year. To use an old phrase, they seem to "fill a long felt want." We are proud to think that we wrote in their favor more than twenty years ago, when many other agricultural writers were either con demning the Idea, or had nothing to say about them. The ideas in regard to the variety of corn to raise and mode of growing have changed much in that time, and while then the larger varie ties of Western com were grown and sown thickly to get as large a crop as possible to the acre, with stalks twelve to fifteen feet high, now the majority KCCIU to favor tlie smaller varieties of field corn, like Longfellow or Compton, mid phuiting at distances that will tend to a good growth of ears, which are al lowed to become nearly matured, if not quite glazed over before they are cut. Some even let It become glazed, and then wet it as put into the silo, and claim to have good ensilage.—American Cultivator. Font Walking Horses. Horse breeders and trainers almost entirely overlook or neglect one of the most valuable features in a horse, and that is fast walking in draft and road horses, writes a correspondent in Prac tical Farmer. This seems never to be bred for, and as to training for St, I, for one, have never seen it done but once. If the breeder will select a fast walking mare and stallion, the colt will most likely be a fast walker, but no attention is now paid to this point. Other things being equal, if a team will walk 50 per cent faster than another It will be worth 50 per cent more. Once let the public become interested In fast walkers and the breeding of farm and draft horses would be conducted with that end lu view, to the great benefit of all concerned in such stock. Tyinc Up Uerry Hushe*. Where the snow is liable to drift and bank up over raspberry canes, break ing them down, it is a good plan to group them in bunches and tie the tops of a dozen to twenty canes together very much as a shock of corn fodder Is tied, using a piece of wire. This keeps them erect, and the weight of the snow will come on the whole bunch rather than on each cane singly. They usually break so low as to be useless. To keep them from breaking is the' thing to do. Jn the Cow Stable. The cows' stable should have light, ventilation, cleansing, drainage, no of fensive matter allowed about the sta ble, suliieient supply of pure water and wholesome food for the cows. No dairyman should be so uegligeut as to be responsible for the transmission of mmmm £t\ vSaU-'&Akil disease through the sale of milk for the want of cleaulluess. Our best authori ties claim that the danger from cow tu berculosis is small compared with the danger which may occur fr^p unclean liness and improper sauitary conditions about the dairy. Sheltering Tools* The farmer cannot afford to have good tools and machinery on his farm, unless he can afford to have buildings to protect them from the weather, and he cannot spend an hour or a day more profitably than In cleaning them up, overhauling them aud making repairs on them before they are likely to be wanted again. The plows, harrows and more expensive machinery left out of doors this winter will deteriorate in value more than one-fifth. Tlie loss would more than pay the interest ou the cost of a good building to shelter them in, and in many cases exceed the taxes on tlie farm. If they were not properly cared for when last used, take one of these tine days and gather them up, clean them, oil all tlie iron work and paint all the wood work. Never mind getting a painter to do the job. Buy a can of ready mixed paint and a cheap brush. Use any color that you like, but use It freely, not as an orna ment, but as a preservative of the wood as the oil is of the iron. Wc heard of two farmers who owned a harrow in partnership, and thought it should be painted, but could not agree on the color. Finally they compromised, and one painted his half black, while the other used yellow ochre. We never learned which half wore out first. While overhauling, see that all bolts and nuts are in place and broken parts mended.—Masachusetts Ploughman. Comfort for the Hotr, The comfort of any living thing means a great deal, aud if a hog is not comfortable, he will not do his best The real object In keeping hogs is to make a profit out of them, and the hog that will respond the best to good care and a variety of feed Is tlie best hog to have, says the New York Farmer. There is no profit in keeping hogs to see how much cold and heat they can stand, or to see how long they will live shut up in a small yard, fed on dry corn and filthy water. You can't starve a hog Into dollars. The nearer we can come to supplying all the needs of outf hogs, the more pay we will get for our labor. There cannot be a set of Iron rules laid down, governing the feed and care of a herd of hogs. Wo must use our thinking apparatus and keep the hogs comfortable. A good breeder was asked, "How do you mix your swill?" He replied, "I mix it with brains." We can't make a success uuless we give our business our best thought. Wc must study the hog, his wauts, and keep him so his coat Is sleek, with a nicely tipped ear and two curls In his tail, conteuted, happy and comforta ble. ICdncatins the Roy?. There is a large and growing demand for youug men who understand modern dairy methods. There is also much de mand for educated help in other branches of farming, aud so gr^at is the general demand that the boys on the farm who Intend to make farming a life work will do well to look Into the matter and make an effort to secure the necessary instruction. It is not possi ble to obtain a thorough education In agriculture in a little time, but a good knowledge of modern methods in some of the branches maybe had in a short fime and at small expense. This, cou pled with the practical knowledge pos sessed by the boy who has been brought up on the farm, will make him capable of taking and holding a profi table position. Many of the agricul tural colleges have dairy departments, in which modern methods are taught, and any earnest youth with a good commou school education can complete the course at an expense uot exceeding $100--in some colleges for much less.— Indianapolis News. Honey in the Cellar. The average cellar in most places is about the worst place that could be chosen to keep honey, remarks an ex change. For extracted honey choose a dry place, for comb honey a place that is dry and warm.* A place that will not keep salt dry will not do for honey. It absorbs moisture as does salt and will become thin and in time may sour. Comb honey in a damp place will at tract moisture, and finally the cells will become so full that the honey will ooze out through the cappings and weep over the surface. Freezing will crack the comb. A good place to keep honey Is in the warmest part of the kitchen, perhaps on tlie upper shelf of the cupboard. Keelinfr for Profit. The object of keeping and feeding animals is profit, and it should always be a matter of study how to get the most weight at the least cost,'and not only how to get the most weight sim ply. A 4,000-pound steer was a brill iant example of feeding, but as the meat costs 25 cents a pound and its value was 10 cents it was a dismal failure from the point of view of the pocket. To Clean Milk Utcnftlls. Rinse first with cold water and then wash thoroughly with hot water and afterward Introduce live steam if pos sible. If this is not available, keep In boiling water for eight or ten minutes. Let them stand in the sun as much as possible. Agricultural Atoms. Sourkrout by the ton is a Pennsylva nia industry. Black rot has done great Injury in New York State cabbage fields. Recent trials indicate that malted barley is not au economical feed for work horses. An airtight silo, a mature crop and careful packing are the essentials of successful ensilage. A deficient and inferior wheat har vest In France is the report of the United States Consul at Rouen. Gather, pile aud burn the old cucum ber, squash and melon vlues and thus reduce the next crop of beetles. Tobacco dust treatment kills root aphis of trees. Uncover the roots as far as they can be traced, cover with tobacco dust and replace the soil. Spraying with bordeaux resin mix ture for the control of asparagus rust at the Geneva (N. Y.) station has giv en a gain of almost ouc-lialf iu quality and quantity. Jf *1 PINES FOR HER BEAD. MRS. M'KINLEY CRUSHED UNDER HER GREAT SORROW. President'a Widow rpintla Her Days ThiukinsrO.ily of the Past and Await ing the Mcsicuger of Death—Life Has No Interest for Her. The saddest woman in all the land to day Is its former happy ."first lady," Mrs. McKinley, who In the sorrowful atmosphere of her home on North Market street, Canton, is pathetically solving the poet's problem of "living on earth with her heart iu tlie grave." For "her the world, as she formerly knew It and had lived in it, is no more. Its suushiue and its joys, its pleasures and Its allurements, its ambitious and its glories make no appeal to her. The sun of her life has set—extinguished by the infamous deed in Buffalo's Tem ple of Music—aud she sits In the dark ness thiuking of past splendors aud happy joys and bathing her soul in the reflected rays of memory. Her world is now her home and—the cemetery Westlawn Cemetery, where in the fam ily plot her two children lie and tlie vault where soldiers stand sentinel over the dust of her hero and idol and the nntlon's martyr. Throughout her life, from the time wheu as Ida Saxton she pledged her faith to William McKinley, she was wrapped up in him. While inspiring him with her own sublime faith lu his abilities and in heaven, she learned, on account of physical feebleness, to lean upon him and they grew up in happy, wedded life In as close a com panionship of spirit as the ivy and the oak. The oak is uow fallen aud the ivy is bent and torn, deprived of its support. In the North Market street house After the President's funeral it was Mrs. MeKinley's custom to go daily to tho vault and sit for a time by the eas fcet. A rocking chair was placed there for her accommodation, and a strip of carpet was spread on the floor, lest tlie dampness might injure her health. Her friends feared that these visitations might induce cold and more serious consequent sickness, anil recently their importunities prevailed to this extent that Mrs. McKinley is now satlsiled to drive to the tomb, whose gloomy walls and dark recesses her earnest, pleading eyes seem to pierce. From the tomb she turns to the family plat where her children lie mid then sue returns to her home, where ever before her eyes is the memory of two children stricken iu In fancy and Hie image of him, cut down like a flower iu tlie zenith of his powers and usefulness, and at the height of his political fame. She has 110 desire In life now save to die aud be with liiiu. This feeling she expressed soon after (lie funeral and the same feeling burns lu her longings still. To those around her she speaks little. She sits silent, contemplative, with fixed eyes aiul_ pathetic face, her thoughts being ever ou him who is gone, lier sister, Mrs. barber, con stantly attends lier, but the most as siduous care cannot recall her mlud from her own and the nation's supreme tragedy. She lias lost all interest I11 the little domestic labors that formerly enabled her to forget that she was au Invalid. It was lier custom to embroider and to knit slippers and turn out many other kinds of handiwork. These little ar ticles she used to give lo her friends as presents. Sometimes they went to bazars when money was lelng raised for charity. Hut the knits.and em broiders 110 more, 'i he pastime so long delightful to her no longer appeals. All her thoughts are attuned to one heart chord and that vibrates only to the memory touch of William McKinley. Similarly, in former times, Mrs. Mc Kinley loved music and was as happy as a school girl iu the midst of little family functions and the quiet enter tainments furnished by her friends. But these, too, are of the past. She no longer cares for them. It is doubtful If she ever thinks cf them. Her mind has but one subject and that subject ab sorbs all her thoughts, waking and sleeping. As to her physical health, she is as well uow as at any time in many years. That Is, she is in her normal state of invalidism. But it Is not her mere physical condltiou that gives tho most anxiety. Some day it is feared the awful load of sorrow that weighs upon her mlud will prove too heavy and her life will go out at the same time. Hers Indeed is a melancholy, pa thetic widowhood. Her frail body sub mits to the encroachments of time, but her heart is divorced from it and lies buried in the grave. She Rules Manchester. A recent guest at Tandagaree, the country seat of the duke of Manches ter, was taken by the young duke into a large room, which was fitted up as a nursei^-. The room was filled with toys of all sorts. Here were soldiers and hobby "horses and the playthings of a boy, and here, again/ dolls and doll houses and tlie various gow-gaws and baubles which interest little girls. The young duke who is not credited with much sentiment, said to his guest that the room had been the nursery of him self and his twin sisters, both now dead. He kept it just as it was, with the toys scattered over the floor, as tlie three children had left them years ago. He is alone surviving. No one takes more interest in this room than his American wife, who al- MRS. M'KIXLEY. Mrs. juciumey is rommaou at every turn of tbe sorrow tlisit sliouds her life. Wluin lier lmslinud was living lie was b,v lier side whenever lier condition warranted his presence. No matter how heavy might bexthc cures of State he fonud time to read to her, and every day before dinner tlie family Hlblu was opened and a selection was read. But these thoughtful ministration's are hers uo uiore to enjoy, and she turns from the iiud olUees which others would pay to commune with the dead. ways refers to tills trait in her hus band's character as 011c of the most lovable. Kroni those who know tlie couple and who have seen tliem this year, it is learned that tlie little duch ess has absolute control over her hus band, and that he obeys her as a child would un elder,pel-soil. Her influence ou him has been wonderful, and he has now settled down to a quiet domes tic life. Occasionally tlie old desire to be a boliemahi is revived, says the New York Times, but Ills wife watch es him very carefully aud makes him give a good account of himself, which lie never fails to do. Willing to Obey. The proprietor of a department store told tills anecdote recently of himself and one of ills employes, a man of 40: "Philip is a sort of factotum around here and 1 pay liiiu ?IU a week. One of Ills duties Is to sweep out the spaces behind the counters three or four times a day. and lie never objected to doing tills until lately. Recently the newspa pers gave him some fame on account of the delicate wood carving that he does at home In the evening, and the noto liety swelled ills head a little. Ho eaiue to me the other day and said: 'Boss. I don't mind sweeping out early in the morning or late I11 the evening, when tlie store's empty, but 1 think it doesn't look just right for me to be seen doing that menial kind of work by big crowds of people. I am not ashamed to do It, only I'm pretty well known ns an artistic person, and it looks undignified for an artist to be seen with a broom lu public. Can't I have a boy? "I laughed and replied: 'Philip, your point Is well taken. Hereafter, only sweep out when tlie store is empty. Wheu the store Is full aud a sweeping is necessary you just come and tell 1110 and I'll take tho broom and do the work for you my self.' Tubes on Ocean Ijincrs. The boiler tubes of a liner if placed ill a straight line, would reach nearly ten miles, and the condenser tubes more than twenty-live miles. Tho total num ber of separate pieces of steel In the main structure of the ship is not less than -10,000. M'KINJjErS TOMB AT CANT03I. A 3 WrK A Democratic Pntyi With lilt' opening of tha first session of the Fifty-seventh Congress the con gressional campaign of 1002 begins. The Philippine question will be the most important matter considered by this Congress and in all probability the most important issue lu the campaign of 1002. The Democrats not only have an opportunity to make a strong appeal to the country ou this question, but it is their duty to do so. Tlie Repub licans do not dare to meet the issue of imnerialisin openly and honestly they do not dare to invite judgment upon a colonial policy they do not dare to candidly avow their purpose to hold tho Philippine Islands permanently. A large majority of the rank and Hie ot tlie Republican party cherish the belief that their party Intends ultimate inde pendence for the Filipinos. The Demo crats can remove this delusion by com pelling the Republicans to accept or re ject tho Democratic plan of dealing with the Philippine question. The Democratic platform of 1000 not •illy, presented a plan for the peaceful and permanent setttlement of the Phil ippine question, but it presented the only complete plan that has been of fered to the American people. It reads as follows: We condemn and denounce the Phil ippine policy of the present administra tion. It lias Involved the republic in un necessary war, sacrificed the lives of many of our noblest sons and placed the United States, previously known and applauded throughout the world as tlie champion of freedom, in the false and un-American position of cruBhlng with military force the efforts of our former allies to achieve liberty and self government. Tho Filipinos cannot be citizens without endangering our civil ization they cannot ljc subjects with out imperilling our form of govern ment, and as we are not willing to sur render our civilization or to convert the republic Into an empire, we favor an immediate declaration of the na tion's purpose to give the Filipinos, first, a stable form of government second. Independence and, third, protection from outside interference, such as has been given for nearly a century to the republics of Central and South Amer ica. The Democrats can afford to take their stand upon tills platform and chal lenge the attack of imperialists. More than a year has elapsed since the elec tion of 1900, which, according to the Republican prophecy, was to terminate the war In the Philippines. Every month lias shown more elearnly the failure of Republican arguments and tlie evils of an imperialistic policy. The Demo cratic platform changes that Imperial ism "has Involved the republic In un necessary war, sacrificed the lives of ninny of our noblest sons and placed the United States previously known and np plauded throughout the world as the champion of freedom, in the false and un-American position of crushing with military force the efforts of our allies to achieve liberty and self-govern ment." The war is unnecessary because the Filipinos are ready to lay down their arms whenever independence is prom ised them. The sacrifice of life has con tinued unabated and the imperialists seem as little concerned about the death of American soldiers as they do about the killing of the natives. The effect of imperialism has manifested Itself in the failure of Republican leaders to ex press any sympathy for the Boers, or to feel an interest in their struggles for liberty and self-government. The indict ment which the Democratic party made against the Republican administration was sufficiently sustained by the events that had transpired prior to the con vention, and the trend of events since that time has furnished overwhelming evidence in support of that indictment. Let the Democratic leaders In the sen ate and house present tills evidence in tlieir speeches so that It may reach the entire country through the Congres sional Record. Why do the Republicans hesitate to outline a policy? The reason is sug gested in a portion of the platform al ready quoted: "The Filipinos cannot be citizens without endangering our civilization they cannot be subjects without imperilling our form of govern ment." Tbe Republicans are not willing to say that they intend lo make (he Fili pinos citizens with a voice I11 the con ducting of our (and their) federal gov ernment. This would be to propose a heterogeneous government which would ultimately fall to pieces because of di versity of races and interests. Neither are they willing to declare that the Filipinos are to be kept subjects for ever, for this would be plnlnly incon sistent with our form of government, our traditions and the well-nigh uni versal sentiment of our people. When one understands that we must put the Filipinos into training for ultimate citi zenship or condemn them to perpetual servitude under a colonial system when one understands tfint we must either hold before the Filipinos the liopo of full participation. In our gov ernment or doom them to despair,— when one understands this alternative he readily sees why tho Republicans refuse to divulge their purpose. The Democratic plan for the settle ment of the Philippine question Is iden tical with the plan proposed by the Re publicans for the settlement of the Cu ban question, and the Republicans can not reject tlie Democratic plan without showing some essential difference be tween the rights of the Cubans and the rights of the Filipinos. First, a stable form of government must be estab lished in the place of the one over thrown by us, but It will be easy to es tablish this stable government when the Filipinos know that it is to be their government. There would be insurrec tion now ill Cuba If we lmd treated the Cubans as we have treated the, Fili pinos there would now be peace in tlie Philippines If we had treated the Filipinos as we have treated the Cu bans. We have not scrupulously ob served the promise made to the Cubans, and yet the confidence which tile Cu bans have felt ill ultimate Independence has led them to submit even when our demands have seemed unreasonable and unjust. Independence is tho desire and the right of the Filipinos. If we denied tliem independence and gave them full citizenship I11 our government It might possibly be satisfactory to tliem, al though it would be dangerous to us, but the Republican leaders do not promise tliem citizenship in this government of their own. The Filipinos are not enjoy ing tlie guarantees of our constitution "BUT v.-? they are enduring a carpet bag govern* ment such as the American people would uot submit to. Wc are not giv ing the Filipinos American liberty, American institutions or nn American constitution. We are giving them nn arbitrary and despotic government, for a government imposed by force and ad ministered according to foreign ideas is always despotic, no matter how bene violent may be the purpose of those who administer it. In proposing protection from outside interference the Democrats offer to the Philippine republic tbe same guardian ship which has been given to the re publics of Central nnd South America, a guardianship that gives to the smaller republics the protection of our strength without making them the victims of our greed. For seven ty-flve years the Monroe doctrine lias been a bulwark to the Independent governments which have sprung up to the south of us. It has not involved us In any consider able expense, but it has been immense ly valuable both to the wards and to tho guardian. When England recently as serted the right to tlx arbitrarily the boundary line between her Sonth Amer cani possessions and Venezuela, it only, required a firm, but friendly warning from the United States to prevent a con flict nnd sccure equity and justice tor Venezuela. No nation in Europe would wage war against the United States in order to se cure the Philippine Islands, and It Is doubtful if any of the leading nations of Europe would be willing to allow, any other European nation to own the" Philippine islands. The Republicans said that it would cost us an enormous sum of money to extend the Monroe Doctrine to tbe Philippine Islands. It has tilready cost us an Immense sum to attempt to as sert our own authority In those islands. Against-thc Republican prophecy we place Republican history against the ungrounded fear of expense we place the money already expended. When wc try to govern the Filipinos against their will and tax them without repre sentation, they flgbt ns, nnd we have found that they are able to force us to vast expenditures. If, on the other hand, we protect them from outside Interference, they fight the nation which attacks them Instead of fighting ns,' and if they can give other nations as much trouble as they have given us they will not require much help from us to main tain their Independence. The Democratic position is not only sound, but It Is unassailable it rests upon the Declaration of the Indepen dence it is in harmony with the consti tution nnd the bill of rights. Now that the party can choose tho battle ground, let Is challenge the Republicans to at tack the conscience nnd the moral sen tlment of the people as well as the prin ciples of free government. If the Demo crats will present united front on this issue—nn issue upon which the Kansas City convention was unani mous—there Is hope of a victory that will not only reinstate the Democratic party, but restore the government to its old foundations nnd the nation to'that high position among the nations to which its ideas and its ideals have en titled it.—Lincoln Commoner. Chinese Immieration, The Washington Post sayff: "One of tho questions on which the people of the United States aud ^thelr Congress have made a decision that will not be reversed is that of Chinese Immigra tion. After the most exhaustive in vestlgatlon and discussion, during which many ot the most prominent statesmen and leaders of thought in ail professions changed their views, It was decided, nnd we believe, Irrevoca bly, to bar out immigrants from China. The reasons for that decision need not be repeated here, for "the world knows tliem by heart.' A more (ighteous de termination of any question of public policy has never been made. The jus tice and expediency that Inspired the Gary exclusion act will dictate Its re enactment with such amendments as experience lias shown to be necessary to facilitate the accomplishment of the 1 object of that act. There is almost solid unanimity of the press in favor of this course. The protests that greet ed the first movement for Chinese ex clusion long ago gave place cither to silent acquiescence In or approbation of that policy." There is no successful argument to be placed against a policy which has for its purpose the exclusion from our shores of a class of people who can never make good citizens, as a class, but who, 011 the other hand, will ever prove a menace to our peace, happiness and prosperity. There are certain classes of foreign ers who are not objectionable as citi zens of this country, but those classes arc such good citizens in tlie countries of their respective nativity, that they do not constantly knock at our doorj for admission. We nre a pretty goocP'teople all to ourselves, and. while a policy broad enough lu its scope as to siiut out nil foreigners would not do, there is 110 need for us to break our necks falling over each other in our efforts to Induce foreign Immigration to the United states. JZ ~1%Si Should Pur Schley. Tho government should pay Admiral Schley's portion of the expenses of the court of inquiry. He has spent a life time in the service of his. country and made for himself a brilliant record. He was viciously assailed by the navnl ring nnd had virtually the whole ad ministration to fight. This was a very expensive undertaking, nnd yet he had to do it or leave a name tarnished with tbe slanders set afloat by the adminis tration's pets. For these reasons tbe expenses he incurred' in the court of Inquiry should be borne by the govern ment. We gave Spain $20,000,000 for a war In the Philippines. Why can we not give Schley, the greatest character in the war with Spain, at least simple justice?—Joplln, Mo., Globe. Caused Sina'l Democratic Vote, The Democrats of Ohio polled 106,857 less votes in Ohio this year than they did In 1900. This was doubtless the reRult of apathy due to the failure of the State convention to stand up and be counted for Democratic principles as embodied in the Kansas City platform. It never pays for a party to go back on itself.—Illinois State Register. Distant people are often near enough so faryis money Is concerned. 4 I -m il 51 1 1J I