Manchester Democrat. [volume], January 29, 1902, Image 6

About Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930

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§Tl)c ^Democrat.
BEOKSOK & CARR, Publishers.
MANCHESTER, IOWA.
He Is a good physician who Adminis
ters medicine to the heart Jn the shape
of wit mid humor.
For each day some folks labor in the
Lord's vineyard they expect the Lord to
work two days in theirs.
This would be a gloomy old world if
it liad to depend upon the moods of
some people for its supply of sunshine.
A man may be willing to admit that
his wife knows more than lie does, but
just the same he objects to her running
bis business.
Senator Morgan is entitled to the
honor of laying the corner stone of the
Nicaragua Canal, provided ills to have
a corner stone.
A law Js proposed in Bohemia requir
ing candidates for matrimony to pro
cure a certificate of mental soundness.
That would cut out about all of them.
Some people get very tender in cold
weather they will remain up all week
until 11 o'clock at night, but Sunday
eveulug can't go to church because
they are afraid to be out late.
Wi
A Chicago professor thinks he can
produce life. All he needs he says, is
au "Jon." A little tack, placed with its
live end up, in it chair, lias often been
the Iron needful to produce much ac
tivity in the lives of our fathers.
Only a qulbbler will quarrel with the
statement that every man works for a
living.- Those who do not are the ex
ceptions proving the rule, and they are
exceedingly unhappy. And no man
works harder than the millionaire, to
whom the eight-hour law affords no re
lief whatever. The extreme penalty of
fluancial law has been imposed upon
him—he is sentenced to financial servi
tude for life.
Whatever the cause or causes, strikes
arc nearly always unprofitable, even to
the side which wins. Unless there Is a
prompt yielding by one skle or the oth
er the resultant losses almost Invaria
bly overbalance the gains. An advance
of 5 or 10 per cent in wages Is but a
small return for many weeks or months
of Idleness, and when such an advance
Is secured there Is always the uncer
tainty as to how long It cau be retained.
Their ablest leader, Booker T. Wash
ington, sees the salvation of his race in
becoming tillers of the soil. His coun
sel is of universal application. Man
can do without everything but what
the soil produces. In its cultivation
there is moro rest for the mind and
exercise for the body than In any other
vocation known to mankiud. Migra
tion from farms to factories helped to
bring In the industrial area, but over
pressure upon city employment now
points the way back to the soil.
Congress appropriated a million dol
lars for the soldiers' home now building
at Johnson City, Tenn., thirty-five
buildings embosomed In a beautiful
park and all set "In the heart of the
..•mountains." The characteristic dis
tinction of this home Is that veterans
of the Civil War, both Union and Con
federate, and soldiers disabled in the
Spanish War will be' harbored tliova.
It Is pleasing to think of the older he
rocs, once antagonists, dwelling togeth
er In comfort and amity. It makes one
wish the factious that continually snap
and snarl and figlit in the Central
American States could be transported
to the neighborhood, fastened in cages
and made to look on the scene until
they absorbed the meaning of it Noth
ing Is clearer than that the republics
on the farther side of Mexico will nev
er prosper until their people learn to do
as we have done, "get through" and be
friends.
The recent accident on the Chicago
and Northwestern ltoad, lu which four
persons lost their lives, over thirty were
Injured and much valuable property
destroyed, was occasioned by a mis
placed switch. Because the'switch was
not properly set a passenger and a
freight train came together Willi disas
trous consequences to both. It Is the
opinion of the railroad oiliclals that the
responsibility for the misplacement
probably lies with some member of tile
crew of the freight train. There is ev
ery reason to believe that this was the
ease, as the switch had just been used
by that crew. So the carelessness of an
unknown subordinate has piled up a
bill of damages which the railroad com
pany will have to foot. Uallroads have
to depend on the' intelligence and vig
ilance of employes. There is no auto
matic machinery by which trains can
be run. But men are sometimes care
less and sometimes make mistakes
which have sad and expensive conse
quences. Railroads have done much to
guard against such mistakes, but they
do not seem to have done enough. Since
the misplacing of a switch cau do so
much mischief, apparently It should not
be left to one man in freight crew,
unchecked and uuwatchud, to attend
to the setting of a switch. The proba
bilities are that if It had been made the
duty of the engineer to see that tho
twitch was all right, lie would have dis
covered the mistake and there would
have been no accident.
The technical engineering details of
railroading are of little Interest to tho
general public, as a rule. The public Is
concerned only in the results of modern
railroading as seen in fast and luxuri
ous train service. How this service is
attained is a matter for the cugiuecrs
and railway officials. The heavy extra
cost of fast trains, however, as brought
out at the forty-fourth meetiug of the
American Society of Mechanical En
gineers in New York, is not without
populr.i' interest in that it disabuses
the average layman of some erroneous
impressions. It might be supposed
that a fast train running from Chicago
to Denver, and making but one or two
stops, would cost less than a slow train
making all the stops on the road. This
is a radical error, as shown by one of
the speakers—Mr. Delano, of Chicago—
at the engineers' convention. Tho ele
ment*' of cost in the fast train service
are increased fuel consumption, higher
grade of machinery and service, in
creased wear and tear, greater risk of
accident and the delay to other trailic.
It was shown by Mr. Delano that an in
crease from thirty to sixty miles per
hour Avould raise fuel consumption for
power (12% per "cent. The damage to
trackage by fast train service is also
an important factor in the increased
cost. Careful records have demon
strated that the high-speed engine has
nych more effect upon rails and road
bed than the slower moving engine of
greater tractive power, "with a less
••mpr-
path described by tho counterweight ot
the driving wheels in single revolu
tions." It is also obvious to even the
layman that the 'consequences of an
accident either to machinery or track
at high speed are much more serious
both in money loss and- in the effect
upon the popular mind of such accident
than those which occur to slow-moving
freight trains. Added to the disasters
from collisions are the indirect losses
through delays to other traffic. Tho
track must be clear for lhe~£ast train.
Hundreds of cars of freight are side
tracked at various points to enable it to
get by. It Is tho high-speed trains which
are responsible for the expensive block
and signal systems. It was also
brought out by Mr. Delano that It has
been an axiom of the railroad managers
that the way to do a maximum busi
ness over a piece of railroad Is to have
all trains moving at as nearly a uni
form rate of speed as possible. The
high-speed train, moving at long inter:
vals, makes it impossible to attain tills
maximum business. These disclosures
give the public some idea of tho extra
burden of cost that is imposed upon
the carrier corporations by the highly
developed fast railway mail service of
this country.
SEASON FOR DEHORNING.
Winter is the time of the year when
experts upou the big cattle rauclies of
the West do wonders in dehoruiug.
The long horn lias beou cast aside.
The cattle fare better with short boras,
do not injure each other, aud may be
herded, eorraled and shipped closer to
gether than they could be did they
wear the great spreading horns with
which the popular mind associates the
Texas steer.
Out on tho big ranches they round
the cattle in for dehorning/* The de
horner is as much an expert in his line
as the rope thrower is in his. ^he Cat-
THE DEHORNING I'ltOC'ESS.
tie are eorraled and at the exit, where
but one steer may pass at a time, is a
small pen, called the slock. At the
closed end Is an opening between bars
sufficiently large to lead tho steer to
thrust his head through. Three men
stand waiting for him. One of them
throws down a wooden bar which
clamps tho animal In a vise-like grip
and holds his head where he has thrust
it The dehorners stand upon the right
aud left. They carry long-liaudied
steel clippers, and when the steer is
caught In the stock they throw those
over the horns and snip them off in a
jiffy. The bar is raised aud the steer
is released to make room for another.
In a day a skilled dehorner can clip a
thousand horns.
At the more northern ranches the de
horner takes precautious against the
dehorned cattle taking cold. When
the horn is clipped a gouge is used to
hollow out the stub of the horn. Tar
Is thrust into his, sealing it and pro
tecting the animal against cold. The
dehorner ordinarily _goes around with
his o'lUilt'llke" a 111
rasher goes from
farm to farm thrashing wheat. A de
horning outfit consists of the stock,
which is not too large to be carried In
a wagon, a clipper or saw, a gouge and
a quantity of tar.
SWITZERLAND'S NEW PRESIDENT.
Ir. Joseph Zemp, I!cud of the Mount
nin Stutc'a Government.
The Swiss.Itepublic has a uew Presi
dent. His name is Dr. Joseph Zemp
and he is regarded as a statesman of
superior ability,
who is well quali
fied to preside over
the natloual council
which initiates all
legislation in the
little mouutaiu
Slate. Dr. Zemp
is 07 years old and
is a native of Lu
cerne Province. A
year ago he was
elected Vice Presi­
DR. ZEMP.
dent and he steps into the higher of
fice by virtue of the uuwritten law
that the Vice President shall succeed
to the liighei office, unless he has ren
dered himself obuoxlous in tho subord
inate position. As1 Vice President ho
was head of the Department of State
Railways and Telegraphs, where he
was well tested in the art of govern
ment and acquitted himself creditably.
He is a Conservative.
Keeps the Soap Rigid.
When a cake of soap begins to slide
around in the shaving cup it make it
difficult to obtaiu a good lather, aud
the owner is apt to
replace the cake
with a new one be
fore the old one is
half used. It Is to
prevent this waste
'and retain the soap
until It is almost
used up that the
invention shown in the illustration has
been designed. Tho biudiug plate which
presses against the surface of the cake
of soap Is made of porcelain preferably,
although aluminum may be utilized,
and to insure'a perfect fit around the
outer edge a rubber packing ring is
littcd in a groove on the edge. The
tendency of the watet» to 'soften the
outer edge of the ,cake is prevented
by this plate, as the contact of the
brush is limited to the snftill open
ings, but sufficient soap for a gopd
lather is easily obtaiued, and as the
cake wears beneath the- openings the
plate Is turned to a fresh position and
pressed lower iu the cup to hold the
cake in place. George M. Muller, of
Brooklyn, N. Y., is the inventor.
"Hull' a Mo, Birdie I"
The guus were popping away among
the pheasants, and a Scottish game
keeper, with a very light bag, was
shadowing a young blood who blazed
away at everything but hit nothing*
Presently the latter aimed his gun at
a pheasaiit that was running along the
ground.
"Hoots, mon!" interposed the game
keeper in horror. "Ye must na» shoot
th' bird a-runnin'!''
"No, man, 1 don't Intend to. I'm
waiting for the beggar to'stop."—Loa»
don Answers.
A brakeman greatly admired a pretty
girl who passed 1dm on the street. "Shu
can play with my watch all right," the
brakeman
said-
Aim of Labor Organizations.
underlying
philosophy of labor
organizations is to
give meu nnd wom
en time to think,
time to act, time to
cultivate a better
feeling,, time to ex
tend their wants
and necessities. .Wo
want to give man
time whereby ho
tnay cultivate a fraternal feeling with
his fellows, that he may cause a demand
for articles that contribute to his com
fort and sustenance. In a word, to make
the workers—the producers of the wealth
of the world—great consumers.
To permanently improvo the condition
of the pcopH, to improve their habits
and customs must be our aim. There are
two classes who iudulge in debauchery
and 'rum-Hhose who do not know what
to do with their lime because they have
too much money, aud those who have too
much time because they have no work
to do and cannot obtain any.
Tho man who works twelve hours a
day finds life comfortless. He sleeps to
work, lives to work and knows nothing
else but work. He who works too many
hours a day has no regard for his per
sonal appearance. lie meets aud asso
ciates with nobody when he goes to work
who is better conditioned thau he is. He
cares for nothing but work. On the oth
er hand, the mau'who works a reasona
ble number of hours is the very oppo
site in his personal habits. He has somo
spare time, and what does he do with it?
IIo goes into his parlor. If that parlor
has no carpet, ho feels that it should
have one. As his children grow up about
hiiu they must learn a little music. He
must have pictures and other things that
coutrihutq to his comfort. By degrees
his habits and customs improve and,
therefore, to that extent, he is a better
citizen and he helps all the more to
strengthen thd republic. This is a high
aim. It is the true aim of labor in Amer
ica and every country of the world.
l?or too many years, for too many ecu
turies, have tho working people been
looked upon as wealth-producing' ma
chines, to bo used to tiie utmost extent
to bo pushed, to be lashed, to be cast
down, to be girdled by cast-iron tyranny
so loug as they produce wealth for the
few. Too much thought has been devot
ed to what men and women can produce,
and too little to giving them an oppor
tunity to live.
want to give the people time—time,
the great factor of tho world time, which
produces all wealth time, which begins
our era ami ends our last breath time,
the converter of all opposition to reason
time, which obliterates dishonesty, gives
justice and allows fair dealing aud com
mon honesty to prevail.
SAMUEL GOMPEK8,
President American Federation of Labor.
The Selfishness of Churches.
It is admitted that each indi
vidual lias a conception of the
religion of Christ differing from
ibat of all others but the fun
damental principles, love for all
mankind, and its concomitants
of charity toward the needy and
wayward, aud help for the weak and de
pendent, seem to be the generally accept
ed idea of the teachings of Christ. As
to the practice of these teachings, for
which it may be supposed that church
organization was instituted, a few in
quiries may not be amiss.
Is there either love or charity in an or
gauizatiou which endeavors to have its
members cousider the organization as the
principal feature, aud is not this the uni
versal practice of all denominations of
the Clu-jSt inn ^li'nnnV
t7,
Is there a light in the life or teachings
of Christ which lead to this condition
Did he say, "Yon Presbyterians must ad
vance Presbyteriahism," or "You Bap
tists must add to your roll of member
ship?" or "You Episcopalians must add
to your wealth V" or "You Catholics shall
hold yourselves aloof from all others?"
How much .time and direction was giv
en by Christ to organizing and how much
by the modern church organization as
compared to the work of Jove iu healing
the sick, feeding the hungry, clothing the
naked and helping the weak?
Is it of Christ's leaching that the entire
effort of the congregation shall be put
iuto the erection of a temple of worship,
in which it is themselves who are the
beneficiaries of almost all the effort?
Is the rivalry between the different de
nominations to have the most splendid
building, tho finest and most costly fur
nishings, the best music, and the most
brilliant orator for the pulpit of the teach
ing of Christ?
Is it religion or .is it selfishness which
prompts the congregation to speud thou
sands of dollars fur building and fur
nishing costly edih'ees and let tho widow
starve in the adjoining block?
Is it a tribute to Christ that one de
nomination has the highest salaried min
ister in the world, and yet it is in that
fact, and not in the amount of Christian
fellowship exhibited, in which that con
gregation prides itself, aud for which
their strongest efforts have beeu given.
Does the educated mind become so that
it cannot comprehend what is made plain
to the most unlearned, but must have
tho simple truths enlarged upou, elab
orated, and presented in the language of
the most profound scholars?
Evidently there is a lack of congeniality
betweeu the plain and simple teachings
of Christ, and the modern churches, for
-the conditions, as above interrogateu, are
certainly the most notiec.tblo of the fea
tures of the churches, which are, in ef
fect if not iu intent, but societies of man's
own instituting.
-rt,-r,
wmmmm
«„t 11,Q niio.
lions raised in the business and other
meetings questions iu which tho denomi
nation'is the central figure?
PRANK PLAXEliT.
What Is an Educational tad?
A school fad is a part or a line
of school work with which one
is not in full accord or sympa
thy, through ignorance of its
purport or ou account of an hon
est difference "f opinion. It is
.1 school room iuuovation iu the
i«xperimeiital stage. Fads vary in de
gree, in the elements of tinin -aud local
ity. They are' different things in ditl'er
flit times at different places. They have
their exits and their entrances." Time
alouc proves their value or their worth
lessness, and that which is righteously
dubbed a fad will fade as a fashion of
the hour. Fads are of two kinds, ephem
eral and etenial/'aml mortaTJuyn, be he
editor «or educator,' cannot a-liivays'classi
fy. A fancy to-day may he a fad to
morrow. a foible the next day, and, in
the hands of some unbaluuccd enthusiast,
fool thing thereafter.
We do not uow consider geography a
"fad, but the courtiers of Uabella of Spain
said that subject was a fad with one
Christopher Columbus. A half century
ago the Speheerian system of penmanship
was hailed as a fad it was opposed be
cause it was said to destroy individuality
and .character in penmanship*. To-day
the Vertical system is termed a fad and
opposed for precisely the same reasons
but the one had and the other has a mis
sion to perform each was a distinct step
in advance c*ach received or will receive
modification,' but each systematized the
work and called attention anew to a
most important subject. Music is some
times and in KOIUC places termed a fad.
But the fifteen miutites daily of instruc
tion in vocal music in the school room
has a distinct temporary and permanent
value wo may say it has a temporal and
spiritual value. Coudenin sooner the two
or thre^hou^' 'instrumental prac-_
tic6 iiT^c1tfti|e^Wv
In many cAtrol States fhe consolida
tion of email rural scftcoJg.and the
Uaus-r
a «.
Sill-
portatioa of pupils by public canveyanco
may bo considered and is sometimes
termed a fad, but it is a fad that will
grow in favor as its advantages are bet
ter understood by the public. Whatever
tends to improve the rural schools and to
keep tho boys on the farm should receive
universal approbation, be it fad, fact or
fancy. Iu Nebraska at present the ele
ments of agriculture, includiug a fair
knowledge of the habits ajid structure of
the common plants, birds, insocts and
quadrupeds, is a fad, perhaps, but that
great agricultural State will instruct its
youth thoroughly in the causes and depen
dencies of its commonwealth.
Drawing and elementary science are
not fads, and they have a distinct econ
omic value in industrial centers. Manual
training in its various phases, domestic
science, etc., may or may not be fads,
according to local conditions. Extending
!ie department store plan of the great
diversities and colleges down through
the high schools into the grammar grades
I fear, a dangerous fad.
We lack the time and the public lacks
the patience to wait for results in un
certain experimentation in the grammar
grades. Less than one hour in eight is
passed by the child in the school room
when he attcuds regularly throughout
the school year. The average attendance
would not equal one hour in twel ve.- Per
haps there are fads in the homo, on the
street, in society, that influence the child
for good or for ill. Society may train
our youth for social functions, pink teas,
and midnight revels, while the school is
endeavoring to train for better citizen
ship. Our schools for delinquents and
defectives nre now striving to give each
individual therein that equiptneut which
will enable him to live an independent
lifo in the world, and the public schools
should do no less they should do more
that which they do in the direction of
developing and strengthening an earnest
desire'for better living, for honest labor,
for higher citizenship, for independence,
for self-reliance, is not faddism.
WILLIAM K. FOWLER,
State Superintendent of Instruction, Ne
braska.
What to Do When Engaged.
Matrimony has been
described iu two acts as
follows:
Act I.—Pays her ad
dresses.
Act II.—Pays for her
dresses.
But surely there ought
to be an engagement act,
and the question is bow
long that should be. It
should be long enough to enable the cou
ple to study and understand each other's
characters, but not so long that they
grow away from each other iu tastes and
feeliugs. Better to take the ball at the
hop, so to speak, and marry in tho ardor
of first love. Some people who have been
acquainted from childhood become en
gaged, and are so long in that coudition
that they get a settled down, not to say
prosaic, look. They might as well he
married aud, iudeed, far better. At first,
engaged people arc mildly interesting to
their friends, but a little of them goes far.
We weary of hearing of the perfection
of the loved onef and of rnmnntie nlans
lur uiu I'll I
live married life. Amelia's
eyes and hair may be beautiful, but the
sisters of her sweetheart prefer to talk
ami hear talk about their own eyes aud
hair.
The society mother says to her daugh
ter: ''For the sake of your family don't
have a long engagement. You'll want to
see him every day, and if I don't go with
you to places people will talk. Then
there must be as many rooms reserved
for you as for-royaltj', and if your fath
er smells cigars, he won't like it, and
other young men will become shy of tho
house, and your sisters will be bored,
and, my dear, if you are going to bo
married, marry soon and have done with
it."
So much depends upon time, place and
the circumstauces of those concerned that
it is uot possible to lay down a rule as
to the proper lemrth of engagements.
More important It Is to think how the
time should bo used.
Unsympathetic people often wonder
what engaged persons find to say to each
other during the hundreds of hours they
spend together. Consider, however, that
they have to tell tho history of their past
lives, their present feelings, and their
future hopes. Not long ago I heard an
engaged girl saying. "1 wonder if 1 ought
to tell him all?" Probably this "all" did
not refer to anythiug more criminal than
some mild flirtations, but it is well, as a
rule, to make a clean breast of it so that
thero may be 110 revelations after mar
riage. During the engagement period the
couple should point out to each other
alterations that should be made in con
duct and character as plainly as they
do in reference to the house they are
taking. This is better thau establishing
a mutual admiration society with a mem
bership of two apd might save criticism
and nagging afterwards.
The best use to which a couple can put
the engagement time is to settle, for the
sake of each other, their habits in a right
direction. A good test of love is to ask
how much is he or she willing to give up
for the sake of the supposed loved one.
I know young meu "who have given up
almost all small luxuries in order to be
able sooner to afford that greatest lux
ury in life—a good wife. A suggestion
was recently made that there was room
for a new society which should teach hus
band aud wife their duty to each other.
"The first article of the constitution
should be that any person applying for
membership should solemnly covenant
and agree that throughout married life
he or she would carefully observe aud'
practice all courtesy, thonghtfulness aud
unselfishness that belong Jo what is
known as the engagement period."
This would be an excellent rule, for the
engagement period should prepare for
marriage, aud the conduct of people to
wards each other in the former should
not greatly differ from what it is iu the
latter. Why should lovc-makiug end with
courtship, and of what use are conquests
'if they are not guarded?
IiEV. E. .1. IIAUDY,
Author of "How to Be Happy Though
Married."
False Economy Is a Destroyer.
What should you think of an
engineer who would try to
economize on lubricating oil, at
the expense of his machinery or
engine? We should say that he
is very foolish, but many of us
do much more foolish things
lor,* whife we do not economize 011 that
which would injure inanimate machinery,
we economize iu cheerfulness, in recrea
tion, in play, in healthful amusements,
which would lubricate life's mechanism
aud make it last longer.
IIow many of us allow the delicate ma
chinery of our bodies, so wonderfully
made, to run without luhricaiiou until it
is so worn, rasped and ground away ly
friction that the whole being jars ami
shakes, as it were, when it should run
noiselessly aud unconsciously!
We economize, in our friendships by
noglectihg-thiun we economize in our so
cial life' until we are obliged to pause
in our lifework. because the axles, so to
speak, have become dry, and wc have to
I
I:
K'r~ s' 4:
stop life's train every little while because
of tho hot-boxes, whereas, if wo would
only lubricate our bearings by taking ft
few minutes here and.there to see the
ludicrous side of life, or have a little chat
with a friend, we might avoid much phy
sical misery and many things detrimental
to health.
How unfortunate it is that the poor,
the people who should pay the least for
things, pay tho highest prices for nearly
everything—prices which even people in
better circumstauces cannot afford I
They buy shoes which come to pieces
almost the first time they put them on,
and purchase clothing which rips, and
has to be oonstantly sewed and resewed,
and which never looks neat. They buy
their coal by the "bucketful, even when
they could better afford to buy it by the
ton, thus paying two or three times what
it is worth. They buy cheap groceries,
which is tho worst kind of economy adul
terated spices, becauso they are cheaper
poor soaps, poor everything—and this is
tho worst kind of economy.
The poor would be shocked if thpy were
told that they are more extravagant than
the people who are well-to-do. It is not
always becauso they cannot afford to
buy in quantities, but they do not think.
These people rarely calculate or use pa
per and pencil to figure out the cost. If
poor people would learn how to use theii
brains, and learn to figure more how to
buy, with even their small means, to the
best possible advantage, and how to use
the best economy—not for the day mere
ly, but in the loug run—they would great
ly improve their condition.—Orison bwett
Marden in Success. 1
Movement for Good Roads.
The movement for good roads
will bo one of the greatest of
this ceutury. Clood common
roads are bound to come. They
carry ..IK) per cent of. tho com
merce that conies from the farm
before it .can reach a railroad
train or boat. It is this item that assures
us good roads in the near future and ac
counts for our need of them. Their con
struction will mean uot alone a .benefit, to
the farmer, but to commerce in geueral.
In our own country State aid is going
to he placed forcibly before the people.
The National Good Roads Association
will lead in this, aud undertake to BO ed
ucate the people of the cities that they
will willingly assist iu the'construction
of roads iu the agricultural communities.
Tho roads belong to everybody, aud ev
erybody should bo interested in them.
New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey
and other States have already adopted
wise legislation for their improvement,
and I believe that within a yery short
time other States will, follow tho exam
ples set by these leaders.
W. II. MOOltE,
President National Good Itoads Associa
tion.
CONQUERED THE BAKER.
Klcphnnt Brought Hit* Ili-Naturcd
Fricud to Thnc.
Among the many odd presents re
ceived by Queen Victoria was nu ele
phant, which, when a mere baby, was
sent to her by nn Indian prince. He
traveled as deck passenger on one
of the Indian mail steamers from Bom
bay, aud as he bad attained but the
height of a well-grown calf aud was
always docile and tractable, he ivas
permitted to have the run of the decks
for an hour or two every morning.
Iiy the sailors he was called the
"bos'n's mate," owing to the peuchnnt
he bad for carefully picking up every
loose coil of rope that he could find aud
as Jack said, "as bad as naval lieu
tenant for keeping the decks tidy."
Among other acquaintances that he
formed was that of the ship's baker,
whose galley be soon discovered to be
the place of origin of all the sweet
dainties with which he was feted. Here
he took to making a regular morning
call, ami was generally regaled with a
tart of piece of cake.
But 0110 morning, when he called aut
extended his trunk, as usual, the cool
happened to be iu ill humor, atid In
stead of a cake the elephant received a
tap 011 the trunk l'roiu the rolliug pin.
Tho blow was not severe, but the
bos'n turned tail nnd went trumpeting
up the deck, where he took a position
that enabled him to watch for his as
sailant.
Before long ho saw the baker leave
his "shop," and having apparently
made up his mind what to do, tho bos'n
promptly murcbed down, and with a
few vigorous sweeps of his trunk
cleared every shelf in the bakery.
Loaves, tarts, cakes, patty paus and
cake tins luy in coufused heap ou the
deck. This achieved, he bolted like a
mischievous schoolboy, and was locked
up iu disgrace but when the circum­
stances
became known the popular ver­
dict was in his favor, and lie was al
lowed his liberty as before.
Bos'n was no sooucr set free again
than he marched down to the baker's,
and from that day be never failed to
exact bis tribute. It was regularly
Ijaid, and be and the baker became the
best of friends.—Yputh's Companion.
JIci* Mind Needed a ltcst,
lie was only a liall-room boarder per
haps, and still he bad some rights that
a chambermaid at a week and found
was bound fo respect. He had been
waiting iu the debris of a night's rest
for the young chamber lady to come
around and straighten things up, but
up to 10:o0 she had not appeared, and
as it was Sunday morning and he had
a day in he rather felt that he would
like to sec things iu some kind of shape
liness, so he went boldly out into the
hall, where she was'chalting pleasantly
with the elevator boy', and addressed
her.
"When are you going to fix my
room?" be inquired in a tone showing
slight traces of irritation, but not un
pardonably rude.
"Oli, don't know," she responded,
with a haughty toss of her head "I
haven't made up iuy mind yet."
This was more than he could endure.
"Aw, your mind be darned," he
growled you make rp my bed und let
yvour mind rest a while."—Washington
Star.
Mandarins and Corruption.
Speaking of the corruption prevalent
among the mandarins of China, a writ
er in Temps says "The collector of one
of the southern ports, for instance
draws a salary of D.500 taels from the
government, yet his real income from
his otlice amounts to 430,00 (aels a year,
in addition, he.speculates in opiuiy ano
rice."
Every mandarin without exception Is
In business. Availing himself of bis offl
claj
position, lie buys rice at un uuusu
ally low price to sell It at an exorbitant
figure in the famlne-strlckon provinces.
Sometimes lie will build a toll gate on
a road near Ids mansion and levy trib
ute on passing teams, or he may find
a pretext to cut off tho water supply
from some prosperous farmer, so as to
charge him 4,000 or n.ooo taels for the
use of water. All this Is borne by his
victims without a murmur.
lucxpcneivo Fodder Hack.
A correspondent of the American
Agriculturist describes a very cheap
and entirely satisfactory fodder rn.ck.
The basis for this rack is two .2x8 inch
boards, each ten feet long. These are
rounded at the ends like sled runners.
Five 2x4 inch boards, each 5 feet I
inches long, are bolted to these boards,
ns shown in the illustration, every four
feet. There nre several 2x4 Inch boards,
each four or five feet long, spiked to
the bridge bonrds In an upright posi
tion. These complete the frame. A tight
floor Is placed on the crosspiece, aud
boards are nailed to the sides and ends
up to a height of eighteen inches. A
space of sixteen Inches is then left
without covering. The sliles nnd ends
can be boarded up the remainder of the
distance. These upper boards can be
placed together or space can be left be
tween them ns seems best. Hay, straw
or fodder thrown into this rack cannot
be trampled and lost because of the
tight bottom and sides up to a height
of eighteen inches. There is no loss of
food. Grain feed can be put into this
1- ft
CltEAf FODDER HACK.
rack If desirable. The rack can be
transferred from one part of the field
to the other simply by*hitching a team
of horses to it
Using: Mineral Fertilizer®.
When liberal applications of potash
nnd phosphoric acid are to be used, it
ts. better to put tbeiu on ns early In
the spring as possible, and work it well
into the soil, even two or three Mjftcks
before the seed is put in. Upon a
heavy elny soil it .would probably be
even better to put it on in the fall.
By the early application it becomes
partially dissolved in the soil aud bet
ter distributed through it, and there Is
no dnug£r of its injuring the germina
tion of the seed as it might do if Jt was
put on when the seed was put in, nnd
they came in contact. When tankage
Is used for nitrogen this may be put on
at the same time as the other fertlliz
cis, as in the cold ground it will take
some time, for It to decay enough to
make its nitrogen available. There
would be very little if any loss of nitro
gen. But in using nitrate of soda wait
until the seed is put lu, or even uutll
the' plauts arc up, aud then scatter It
around them, not getting it on them
when they are wet lest it should burn.
For a crop that ueeds the whole sea
sou to grow it is often better to make
two light applications of^nitrate of
soda, the last when the plans are
about half grown, than one heavy one.
—American Cultivator.
^Feediug Sheep Profitably.
... •A.fUr-^veral-.?re«trK-"of-.experience lu
the use of corn fodder for sheep it has
bee-i found pipfitablc when made a
small part of the ration and fed after
shredding. Fed without cutting or
shredding it is simply wasted. In
6om^ sections sheep men have
used shredded corn stover entirely as
roughage, but this plan has uot al
ways worked well. By using good hay,
clover or timothy, every alternate day,
with the shredded, corn stover the re
sults have beeu satisfactory, especial
ly when the sheep bad roots once a
day and were on a varied ration of
grain, oats, brau nnd corumeal. It Is
not intended that the corn stover, even
if shredded, t'shall supply more thau
the roughage, for the grain and root
feed must be liberal to carry the sheep
through the winter in good shape. The
cost In money or labor in shredding
the. corn stover for any stock is con
sidered offset by the added value in
manure.
Housing Kariu Implement*.
The good farmer is supposed to cleau
and house all farm implements as soon
ns he has finished using them each day,
but many do not do this. Tbey should
devote at least one day to the work of
collecting them, rubbing the rust off,
oiling the iron work, aud putting In
good order for ajuother year's work.
When well housed It will pay to go over
the wood work with a coat -.of paint.
When the tools are.wanted for use
again and they are found all ready, aud
In good condition, this will prove one
of the best day's work done this year,
ns it will save several days' time and
bother with them in the busy season,
save'strength of men and teams, and
prevent mauyof the accidents that un
lucky men are so apt to have, in break
ing dowu just when most in a hurry.
Protect the'^Yountf Orchard.
It will pay to do.fl.ome work to protect
the young orchard from the attacks of
rabbits and .field mice. Take a supply
of loug, coarse straw, or better, bur
lap, to the orchard, aud place a,ban
da go arouud the trqe, reaching up from
the earth for a foot or more. Before
dolug this, rake off all the leaves or
other trash around the tree for a dis
tance of two or three feet from It If
the ground Is covered with snow It
will pay to go through the orchard aud
tramp the snow down firmly nbout
the base of each tree. Mice work un
der the snow when it is soft, but will
not burrow through hard, packed
snow.. If auy of the trees have been
gun wed by rabbits or mice, they should
be bandaged with thin cloth, over
which is .tied another bandage of tbe
burlap.
Jliittinctts Not Overdone.
The poultry businesses not overdone,
it is like any other business in that It
must be properly couducted. There Is
i.lwnys a ready market for poultry and
o-jgs every day iu the year, and there
is a demand above the market prices
for high grade stock and eggs. Wc arc
speaking now from tbe standpoiut of
the market poultrymnn. Conditions arc
the same, however with the faucier.
If you will show us a poultryman who
is unable to dispose of his stock at
profitable prices, we will show you one
wlv does uot take advantage of his
opportunities and conduct his business
upon a busiuess basis.—Reliable Poul
try Journal.
A Wriuklc in Apple Packing.
"There Is a knack- in doing every
thing" is au old saying, aud tbe truth
fulness of it was brought to inlud yes
terday, says the. Oiegoniai] by a gang
of mep engaged Jn wrapping and pack
5.
tag apple*. Each man had a full bo^
of appleii. a pile of thin paper cut into
wrappers, nnd an empty box. An ap
ple was taken from the full box, a
Wrapper put around it and it was put
lit the other box. It is not an easy
thing to pick up a wrapper of thta
paper from a pile without missing one
occasionally, nnd in doing this the men
adopted different schemes. A new
hrtnd wet his thumb on his tongue for
every wfappef. Olio who had been
loffger in tho business nnd found that
it was ufiwhotesofUc to be wcttiug his
thumb on his tongue, hnd a slice of
lemon beside his pile of wrappers and
moistened his thumb In the lemon be
fore picking up a wrapper. The scheme
worked well, but he did not know
whether tbe acid of the lemon would
make his thumb sore or not. A third
man had a thin rubber thump stall on
bis thumb and could pick up wrappers
all day long and never make a miss.
He was an old hand nt tho business.—
New England Farmer.
Ebbs by the Pound.
There has been much talk about sell*
nig eggs by the pound. In nnd around
some of our larger cities there are
many sold in that way, but tliey are not
sold in the shell. Crackod eggs aud the
larger ones among the dirty eggs, If
fresh, are brokcu out, and the white
nnd yolk well beaten together. Some
packers use a churu to thoroughly mix
^hem, which is important, as If they are
put up just as they come from the shell
the yolk becomes dry and mealy. They
are then frozeu solid nnd kept In cold
storage until wanted. They are packed
In tins of from ten to forty pounds each,
and of course tbe demand for them
comes principally from the bakers, for
cakes and similar uses. It is Bald that
a pound of the frozen egg Is equal to
ten eggs of the average size. They will
not keep sweet long nfter they nre
thawed out, so that it Is important that
the user kuows how many pounds he
needs nt oue time, aud opens no more
tlinn that Packers who are careful to
avoid putting in any taiuted or spotted
eggs get about 12 to 13 cents a pound,
while other grades not as carefully se
lected have to be sold at 10 cents. We
are wondering whether this plan could
be used successfully In putting up
smaller cans for family use. If it can
wo expect some one will try it—Massa
chusetts Ploughman.
Guinea Fowls.
Guinea fowls bare many good quali
ties. We should find tliem among every
flock of poultry. The guinea fowl can
not. of course, supplant or even rival
tlie chicken, but there Is no more deli
cious or palatable dlsli than a young
guinea fowl, and the eggs, though
small, are very rich and delicate. The
greatest objection to them is their wild
nature, which prompts them to seek tho
woods in search of nests. The young
birds will leave the nest almost as soon
as dry, and unless the mother and
young nre confined iu a tight coop the
tiny things will stray off and die. They
are tender until two weeks old, after
which time, if protected at night, they
grow rapidly, aud require practically
no attention. They must have free
range, nnd when given It will gather all
they require to eat, and durlug winter
weather they need no special core,since
they do not begin to lay until spring,
anyway. They are not subject to any
of the many diseases which afflict
chickens, nnd really merit the attention
of farmers and poultrymen.
§1#
Good Care of Hob. Pay*.
Too many are afraid of a little work
and trouble, says an Iowa farmer." I
clean the pens twice a week. Hogs
are supplied with plenty of water and
charcoal to prevent disease. Air slaked
lime Is used for a disinfectant. With
proper enre there Is very little danger
ot disease. Thero arc preventives, but
110 cure, for cholera when It gets a
start. 1 always plant a patch of pota
toes for feeding hogs in the fall to get
them to market quick. I started a
bunch of hogs on potatoes, fed them
sixty days with chop and cooked pota
toes with a little whole grain, aud the
hogs mnde a gain of two and a half
pounds per day, or 150 pounds per bog.
Care should be taken in starting hogs
on potatoes. They should be fed spar
ingly nt first. Increasing a little every
time tliey nre fed, not feeding more
than they will clean up. The best mar
ket for hogs Is nt 200 to 250 pounds
weight.
^Vuluc of Corn Stalks.
Tlie corn shredder Is learning" the
farmers to save all the corn fodder they
have. One farmer refused to buy a
corn reaper because it did not cut close
enough to the ground. Tho Maine
Farmer says that In well-grown corn
the lower six Inches of the stalk repre
sents a ton of fodder to the acre, which
may be one-tenth of the crop. Chemists
have told us that the stalk below the
ear Is much more valuable In food ele
ments per ton than that above the ear,
and when reduced by shredding It will
be all eaten.
Fattening Cattle.
Fattening stock may be fed quite
often, but should at no tlme .be fed
more than they will cat up clean. In
nearly all cases tho more rapidly ani
mals are finished and fattened the
greater the profit Better results will
be secured If all the young stock are
fed separate from the old animals.
The 8hecp-Raislnic Industry.
New Mexico Is great sheep country.
There Is but one other State or Terri
tory which excels It In sheep raising.
That Is Utah, where there are 8,000,000
or 0,000,000 sheep. New Mexico bus
about 0,000,000. The Industry was uev
er so prosperous ns at present.
Flavor of Mutton.
The peculiar flavor of mutton Is due
largely to the food of sheep, the local
ity In which It has been raised, Its treat'
ment nnd the manner the carcass has
been dressed.
OatB BeBt for Horses.
A horse will be able to do moro h'ai'd
work when fed ou onts tlmn when fed
on corn.
-v Farm Notes.
Do not allow the milk to freeze.
Never mix fresh milk with
which has been cooled.
Poultry and swine do not relish or do
well on cotton-seed meal.
Peas make one of the very best feeds
for sheep In the winter.
Tho broom corn crop Is estimated at
4,000 tons less than last year.
Keep the lambs growing. Tliey will
never recover from a setback.
One breed of fowls well kept Is more
satisfactory than several that are poor
ly housed and fed.
Poultry houses and yard should al
ways be situated on hlgli, dry land a
sandy hillside is the best of all.
It Is reported that there has beeu an
increase in the output of canned com
In Maine of 20 per ccut over that at
last rear,
CDMMINS IN OFFICE.
HE IS INAUGURATED GOVERNOR
OF IOWA.
i* 1
Impressive Ceremony Held ut Deo
Moines Auditorium—In Ills Itian
gural Address New Executive 8ny»
Trusts Narrow Field of Con pet it Ion.
Dea Moluea correspondence:
Albert B. Cummins of Dos Moines wi*
on Thursday afternoon inaugurated Gov
ernor of Iowa, and John Ilcrriott of Stu»
nrt was inaugurated Lieutenant Gov
ernor. The inaugural exercises, wbieh
were impressive, took place in the Audi
torium. The hall was crowdcd to its ut
uiost capacit.v, hundreds being unable to
obtain admission.
On the stage were seated GOT, Leslie
M. Rliaw, United States Senators Wil
liam B. Allison nnd Jonathan P. Dolllver,
Lieutenant Governor-elect John Ilcrriott
Add Lieutenant Governor J. C. Milhmnn,
ex-Governors William Larrabec and
Frank It. Jackson, Bishop Theodore X.
Morrison and Dr. J. Kverlst Catbell,
Chief Justice Scott M. Lndd and Judged"
Deetuer, Sherwlu, McLnin, Waterman
and Weaver of the Iowa Supremo Court?
B. I. Salinger, Supreme Court reporter
C. T. Jones, clerk of the Supremo Court
State Treasurer G. S. Gilbertson, Stat?
Auditor Frank F. Merriam, Secretary of
State W. B. Martin, W. L. Eutoa, Speak
er of the House of Representatives. All
of the members of the Legislature were
also seated on the stage. Distinguished
guests were present, from all over the
State. Mr. and Mrs. T. G. Cummins, the
parents of tbe Governor, were In tbe au
dience.
The program was opened with a selec
tion by the Grant Glee Club, nfter which'.
Lieut. Gov. Miiiiman called the joint con
vention of the^Twenty-ninth General As
sembly of Iowu to order, stating that they
were assembled for the purpose of inau
gurating a Governor of Iowa.
Tho IU. Hev. Theodore N. Morrison of
Davenport, Bishop of the Episcopal dio
cese of Iowa, prouounced tbe invocation.
Chief Justice Scott M. Lndd of the Su
preme Court then administered the oath
of otlice to Gov. Albert B. Cummins -aud
Lieut. Gov. John. Harriott.
Cummins Delivers His Address*
Gov. Cummins was received with great
applause, aud when it bad subsided he
delivered his inaugural address. Speak
ing of "commercial commissions and in
dustrial trusts," he conceded "the right
of association under established forms"
and did not believe that "industrial or
ganizations, however large their capital
or extended their operations, if competi
tion remains, constitute a menace to the
prosperity nnd welfare of the people."
lie iusistcd, however, that it cannot be
successfully denied that every consolida
tion, even though it does not draw in all
tho products In which it deals narrows1
the field of competition.
Speaking of a remedy, he said: "I be
lieve the question is a national one, and
that the time has come to nationalise it.
I recognize the difficulty of amendiug the
constitution of the United States bnt 1
know that whenever the people aro suffi
ciently in earnest it can and will be done.
Before corporations which arc to do busl
Iness throughout the country, and in
which the people of one State are quite
as much inteVested as the people of an
other, arc permitted to orgaulze, they
should be compelled to show that their
capital stock has been paid for in money
and that the real value of the property
they acquire is as great as tho stock
which represents it."
He spoke brietly on the tariff and reci
procity, discussed the relations of labor
nnd capital, which ho thought must ulti
mately be treutcd ti.v the national Con-,
gross, under powers conferred by a nevr
constitutional amendment.
He favored stricter laws governing cor
porations, a revision of the tax.laws, «s»
pecially those relating to railroads, favf
ored a large share by.Iowa in the St{
Lonis Louisiana Purchase Exposition
and then devoted his attention to State
affairs.
Tho inaugural parade, which took place
before the inaugural exercises, left the
capitol about 2 o'clock aud proceeded to
the Auditorium. Immediately nfter the
inauguration John Herriott was inducted
into his olllce as President of the Senate.
Tlie two houses accepted an invitatlou to
attend the dedication of the new State
normnl building at Cedar Fulls, Jan, 30,
after which both adjourned until 2 p. in.,
Jan. 21.
Iu the evening an informal reception
was given at the capitol, which was at
tended by the State officers, the mem
bers of the Legislature und^the public.
Gov. and Mrs. Cummins, Gov. aud* Mrs,
Shaw, and the State ofllcers and their
wives were in the receiving line.
Wealthiest Ruler.
Emperor William Is undoubtedly the
richest monarch iu the world, now that
Queen Victoria's estnte has been di
vided. He inherited more tbnu $30,
000,000 from Ills grandfather thirteen
years ago, which was well Invested
and has since rapidly increased In
value. He Inherited another fortuue
from his father, the lnte Emperor
Frederick. The Empress is also rich.
What Starts It.
-.tenderfoot(on Texas ranch)—! should
think it would be a lot of trouble for a
man to pick out ids own cattle from
nmoug so many.
Cowboy—Oh, that Is an easy matter.
The trouble begins when he picks out
some other man's cattle. SceV—Chb
cago News.
Sweden's Three Large Cit'cs.
The three largest cities In Sweden
are Stockholm, with about 300,000 in
habitants Gothenburg, with 131,000,
aud Mnlmo, with 01,000.
Perfectly Evident.
"She admits that she married hhu for
his money."
"Well, she knows that with him io
look nt no one would believe her If she
said she didn't."—Philadelphia Bulle
tin.
Heretic Fees.
A church in Loudon still possesses
an lucome originally given to It for the
purpose of buying faggots for burning
heretics.
Used in Cuban Dances.
The colored people of Cuba have a*
kind of rattle made of Castllla cane
with hard seeds, about the size of mar
bles, placed Inside to produce the effect
desired. It is used iu dnuces as an ac
companiment for a guitar.
that
Self-Defense.
"Sliggens' wife makes him get up
and kindle the fire everyvinornlng."
"Well, It's his place to do it."
"But that Isn't why he does it. He
kuows she'd make It too hot for him If
he didn't."—Philadelphia Bulletin.
A Good Filler.'
Towne—Blowitz Is certainly a better
campaign orator than Wyndbam Is
Browne—I don't see much choice.
There's nothing new or interesting In
what either of them evqr has to say.
Towne—I kuow, but Blowltz takes
longer to say It.—Philadelphia Press.
CP Fate of Presidents.
Of the seven Presidents France bus
iind only one lias served a full term.
Cremation iu Jttyan.
Cremation has been the custom iu
Japan for 1,20Q years.