IS GOVERNMENT NECESSARY TO MAN?
By Count Leo Tolstoi.
The governmental order of things 1B a tem
porary and certainly not a perpetual form
of life. And just as the life of an Individual
•"r children, gained wisdom with age, BO the life of na
"tlon3 also changes and perfects itself, only not like an
^Individual, In a few years, but In the course of cen
votaries and ages. And as for man the chief changes oc
^r/cur in the invisible, spiritual sphere of his religious
^consciousness.
\A' People who, owing to the existence of government
^organizations, have advantageous positions, picture to
themselves the life of people deprived of governmental
^.authority as a wild disorder, a struggle of alt against
%-^all, just as if we were speaking, not of the life of anl
-„"'male, for animals live peacefully, without governmental
violence, but of some terrible creatures prompted in
.. their activity solely by hatted and madness. But they
imagine men to be such merely because they attribute
to them qualities contrary to human nature, but which
have been perverted by that same government organiza
tion under which they themselves have grown up, and
which in spite of the fact that it is evidently unneces
sary and merely harmful they continue to uphold.
And, therefore, to the question, What would life be
without government? there would be but one answer—
namely: that there would certainly not be all the evil
which Is created by government. There would not be
property in land, there would be no taxes spent on
^•things unnecessary for the people there would not be
the 'separation of the nations, the enslavement of some
^by others there would not be the waste of the people's
(/f: best powers In preparations for wars there would not
•«.«« be the fear of bombs on the one side and of gallows on
the other there would not be the Insane luxury of
soine and the still more insane destitution of others.
WHAT IS THE SECRET OF HAPPINESS?
By Sidney Dark.
The wise man discovers exactly what he
needs to be happy and endeavors persisteutly
to acquire the essentials.
Dullness means a lack of Imagination, and without
imagination life and happiness are both impossible.
Religion and art, from one point of view, share the
same mission. They bring to man the sense of amaze
ment. They teach us that the world is a wonderful
SONG.
Give me back my heart, fair child
To you as yet 'twere worth but lit
tle
Half beguller, half beguiled,
Be you warned, your own is brittle.
I know by your redd'nlng cheeks,
I know it by those two blacl^ streaks
Arching up your pearly brows
In a momentary laughter,
Stretched in long and dark repose
With a sigh the moment after.
"Mid it! dropt It on the moors!
Lost It. and you can not And It"—
My own heart I want, not yours
You have bound and must unbind It.
Set It free, then, from your net,
We will love, sweet—but not yetl
Fling it from you —we are strong
Love Is trouble, love Is folly
Love, that makes an old heart young,
Makes a young heart melancholy.
—Aubrey De Vere.
OTHER PEOPLE'S IDEAS
On the morning after her niece's
wedding Miss Kitteredge put on her
rubbers and walked over to add a few
finishing touches to the daintily fur
nished apartment in Indiana avenue,
which was awaiting the return of the
hnppy pair from their bridal trip.
She was surprised, on entering, to
find the groom's Uncle Horace survey
ing the place with evident satisfaction.
There was. however, nothing strange
about this, for It was well understood,
in both families, that It was due to
Uncle Horace's liberality that Robert
and Dorothy were beginning life with
two sets of draperies at every window
and real Circassian walnut furniture
In the reception room.
"Pretty complete outfit, eh?" he
observed.
"Oh, It's perfectly beautiful," re
plied Miss Kitteredge. "None of the
others have bad anything so fine. You
see," she explained, "Dorothy Is the
fourth one of my nieces to be married
and I've helped each 'one of 'em to fix
up her home."
"I've noticed that you were doing
your full share toward fixing up this
cne," said Robert's Uncle Horace. "Did
they turn all the hard jobs over to
you
"Old-maid aunts come In handy at
weddings," said Miss Kitteredge. "But
I've injoyed It, even though 1 did get
tired."
"Better sit down and rest a while,1
suggested Robert's Uncle Horace.
"These things," Indicating by a ges
ture the furniture of the reception
room, "don't look as though they were
made to sit on. I suppose, though, that
they're the proper caper."
"Yes," she replied. "Dorothy says
they're excellent examples of the style
of Louis—something—I can't pro
nounce it—and that the lines are ex
tremely good, If you know what that
means!"
"I don't," he said. "But I think I'd
prefer the lines of these big leather
chairs In the den."
He settled his portly frame in one
of them and Miss Kitteredge perched
herself flutteringly on the edge of the
couch.
"I mustn't sit but a minute," she
said.. "I promised Dorothy that I'd
arrange the things In her kitchen cup
boards. It's funny," she continued,
remlniscently, "what different ideas
people have about fixing up houses.
Now, when Emma, my oldest niece,
was married, she was crazy to have
eveiythlng oriental. There was a big
Japanese umbrella hung from the ceil
ing and things embroidered with
scratchy gold thread and big vases
with dragons on 'em and little bamboo
tables scattered around till you
couldn't walk through the rooms.
PAPERS PEOPLE
Is not stationary but continually changes,
moves on and perfects Itself. so the life of
all mankind Is unceasingly changing, mov
ing on and perfecting Itself. As each Indl
vldual once played with toys, learned the
lessons, worked, got married, brought up
The unhappy man Is a dull man, and the
dull man is the man without a soul. That
Is the truth, and the whole truth. The dull
man eats and drinks and works and sleeps
and grumbles and sniggers and is just a rate
payer. Most of us have to do all these things.
We have to be ratepayers. The horror come9 when we
are just ratepayers—and nothing more.
The dull man never laughs at himself, never plays
the fool, never loses his head—never dreams. A street
Is a street to htm, not the scene of daily and innumer
able dramas. A child is a child, not a bewildering
conundrum. He believes the evidence of his eyes (he
actually boasts of it), and fancies that things really
are as he sees them. There is no conceivable error so
utterly false, no heresy so mischievous.
'Margery was the next one and she
was wild over mission furniture and
fuzzy Navajo rugs and Indian pottery
with queer black figures on it.
"But Clarice, her sister, always de
clared that mission furniture was 'pos
itively brutal' and when she set up
housekeeping she went In for the co
lonial style—mahogany bedsteads with
pineapple posts and an old spinning
wheel in the parlor, you know.
"And now Dorothy's trying to make
her parlor look like the palace of some
wicked old French king!"
Robert's Uncle Horace laughed—a
big, noisy, hearty laugh. "You've had
considerable experience fixing up
houses according to other people's
ideas," he said.
Miss Kitteredge sighed gently. "Of
course," she said. "I don't have any
time for housekeeping. I make dress
es—gowns, I mean—when I'm at home
and I Just board but sometimes, just
to pasB the time, I picture to myself
the kind of a house I'd fix up if I was
doing It."
"What would be your Idea?" he ask
ed, regarding her with interest.
"Well, In the first place," she de
clared, "I wouldn't bother so much
about having things match and har
monize, because I think it makes a
better variety if they don't. And the
things In this place," she continued,
"are kind of dull and fady, don't you
think? I'd have brighter colors and
more varnish. I'd have a carpet with
big red roses In It and a fancy mantel
"WHAT WOULD BE YOL'B IDEA?"
with lots of little places to set knick
knacks on and a cuckoo clock. I'm
afraid," she admitted, "that It wouldn't
be a bit artistic, but I'm sure it would
be cozy."
"That sounds good to me," remark
ed Uncle Horace, as she paused for
breath. "I've boarded a good deal, too.
It's fourteen years since my wife died."
Miss Kitteredge jumped up. Even
in her youth she had never been the
kind of woman who regards every sin
gle man she meets as a possible hus
band and for many years she had felt
only a second-hand Interest in matri
mony. She had quite forgotten that
Dorothy's new uncle was a widower!
What must he think of her, chattering
to him like this? Positively confiden
tial with a man she had never seen
until three weeks ago!
"I must get at those kitchen cup
boards," she declared.
"Don't be in a hurry," said Uncle
Horace. "Let Bob and Dorothy fix
their own cupboards! I want to talk
to you. That bouse you were describ
ing Is exactly what I've been wanting
all these years, only I didn't know it!
And you are exactly the kind^ of a
woman I want
But Miss Kitteredge had fled to hide
her old-maidenly blushes in the kltch-
cf
fairy palace, the palace of hourly miracles. Then we
discover that we ourselves are most amazing creatures.
The dull man Is not interested in himself, has no self
love. I am certain that no man can love his neighbor
unless he has learned to love himself. From ourselves
we discover humanity.
I know a nun who Is happy dreaming of the glories
of a wonderful gray wonder-world. I know a Salva
tionist who is happy because he Is a son of God. I
know a cheeerful, roysterlng, often penniless, writer
who Is happy because to him all men are good fellows
and all women adorable. The happy Socialist dreams
of the brotherhood of men the cantankerous Socialist
yearns to interfere with Ills fellows.
It often happens that the men who stimulate imag
ination and encourage our dreams themselves fall to
attain happiness. They stand on the mountain and
point out the way, but they themselves never reach
the land of delight. They are, however, the great men,
and you and I are the common wayfarers. Their way is
not our way, and It may be that their sorrow Is more
precious than our joy.
ENGLAND DESTINED TO LOSS OF INDIA.
By Saint Nihil Singh.
It Is not hard to understand the reason
why the Britisher la destined to lose India,
no matter what concessions he may make to
the Indian. The minute the Englishman In
troduced the Indian to the literature of tlje
Occident a grave began to be automatically
dug for him. This grave digging has been go
ing on for at least fifty years. Each suc
ceeding year has given a new impetus to the
educated Indians, accelerating the process.
The day has arrived In the history of Hlndoostan
when the aspirations of the most intelligent of its na
tives have reached a point where they are utterly Intol
erant of foreign dependence and guidance. To use a
phrase of the times, the Indian wants to be "the whole
show." This attitude is fast becoming volcanic in tend
ency, and this bodes no good to the Englishman in
India.
The example and the Inspiration of America has been
of the greatest help to the Hindoo. On account of its
old-time Isolation India, notwithstanding its size and
undoubted strength, was practically helpless. But to
the klowledge of Occidental literature has been added
the knowledge of Occidental literature has been added
the Occident. There are many Hindoos in the United
States at present, and they have learned something of
Western resourcefulness, not only In education but in
politics. They have taken or sent some of this knowl
edge home. When the awakening is complete England's
grasp will be loosened.
Two hundred thousand Englishmen domineer over
321,000,000 natives, and the day will not dawn to-mor
row when England lets the Indians have complete
charge of their foreign and military affairs. Recently
Lord Ripon, a former Viceroy of India, said: "It Is
impossible to place the military affairs of India under
the control of the people of India. We, and we alone,
must decide how many troops It is necessary to main
tain-there and what money is needed to keep that force
in efficiency."
England's interests in India clash with those of the
natives of the land. When the teeming millions of
India awake to realize what is best for them the Eng
lishman* will become absolutely Incapable of holding
India.
en. She wasn't ready to listen to any
more—not just yet!—Chicago News.
MARTYRS WHO ENTERTAIN.
Difficult to Explain Why They Do
It When It Pains Them.
"In a periodical the other day," says
the amateur philosopher of the Provi
dence Tribune, "I ran across a Gibson
like picture of what had evidently
been a musical entertainment or must
cale—I took It to have been a muslcale
for choice. The fiddlers had gone and
so had the soloist or soloists and
guests. There remained in the fore
ground the deserted room and a waste
of empty chairs, along with the open
grand piano. The host's bead was rest
ing on his arms on a table the host
ess had removed her shoes and was on
the verge of collapse. In the back
ground a butler was looking on com
miseratingly.
"Now, there's a good deal of that
sort of thing first and last the country
over. It was true to life, but I never
could understand it. That Is, nobody
has ever explained to me why people
who don't enjoy entertaining or being
entertained persist In making martyrs
of themselves why anybody does
something for pleasure that Invariably
gives pain. A person who puts him
self out and wears himself out In the
line of duty Is comprehensible, but
why you should sacrifice yourself when
you're pretending to be looking for fun
Is beyond me.
"The woman who said her idea of a
perfect life from the social point of
view would be to be asked everywhere
and to go nowhere doubtless expressed
the sentiments of thousands,-but why
go anywhere If you feel that way?"
Blind Glrl'a Tribute to Rofera,
There Is no more touching or sin
cere personal tribute than that paid
by Helen Keller, the deaf, dumb and
blind young woman, on the memory of
Henry H. Rogers, who had taken a
great Interest in and largely paid for
her education. Miss Keller writes in
part:
In the death of H. H. Rogers I have
lost a dear friend. The protest of my
heart against the thought of losing
him makes me realize how much I
loved him. I shall not try now to ex
press my gratitude, for I think that
Mr. Rogers shrank from expressions ol
gratitude. Mr. Rogers was always re
sponsive, always sympathetic. He was
always doing little kindnesses quietly
and unnoticed. If 1 needed books, he
ordered them. If I admired a flower
or a plant, he sent it to me. He had
the imagination, the vision and the
heart of a great man, and I count It
one of the most precious privileges of
my life to have had him for my friend.
The memory of his friendship will
grow sweeter and brighter each year
until he takes my hand again and we
gather roses together In the gardens
of paradise.
Orlffln of "Simon Pare."
Simon Pure is a character In Mrs.
Centlivre's comedy, "A Bold Stroke
for a Wife." He fell in love with 8
charming girl and after being coun
terfeited by an Imposter succeeded In
establishing his identity, proving him
self to be the Simon Pure. The ex
pression then came to be used to
mean the real article, or something
genuine.
Should Take Hi* Medicine.
"A feller shouldn't stand In the mid
dle of the street to talk pessimism,"
declared the Plunkvllle philosopher.
"Why not?"
"Fust he says life ain't worth llv
Ibg, and then jumps when he hears an
automobile honk." Washington
Times.
How many times a day do you com
mend? How many times during a day
do you find fault?
I want a husband who Is easily
pleased." "Don't worry, that's exactly
what you will get."
Belle—Dick says I grow prettier ev
ery time he see^ me. Estelle—You
should get him to call more often.
Mllly—1 find this balm excellent for
preserving the face. Jessie—But why
do you wish to preserve your face?
'Yes they not only have everything to
worry about that wouieu have, but they
also have the womcu to worry abouti
too."—Smart Set.
"1 see they have the same means of
rounding up the lambs in Wall-street
as shepherds have In the field." "What
Is that?" "A crook."
"I started out on the theory that
the world had an opening for me and
I went to find U." "Did you find It?"
"Oh, yes. I'm In a hole."
Grace—He said 1 looked lovely in
that gown, didn't he? Helen—Not ex
actly, dear. He said that gown looked
lovely on you.—Brooklyn Citizen.
She (on the Atlantic liner)—Did
you observe the great appetite of that
stout man at dinner? He—Yes he
must be what they call a stowaway.
Suffragette—We believe that a wom
an should get a man's wages. Mar
ried Man—Well, judging from my own
experience, she does.—Boston Tran
script.
"Sued for a breach of promise, eh?"
"Yep." "Ajiy defense?" "Temporary
Insanity and I expect to piove It by
the love letters I wrote."—Washington
Herald.
"1 understand that manager 1^ pay
ing fabulous salaries to his leading
singers." "Not fabulous," replied the
cynical press agent, "fictitious.'—
New York Herald.
"Your ocean trip was pretty nice, I
s'pose?" "Oh, yes." "Saw icebergs
and such things, eh?" "Yes but I
missed the billboards, I can tell you."
—Washington Herald.
He (teaching her bridge)—When iu
doubt it's a good rule to play trumps
She—But that's just It when I'm In
doubt I don't know what the trump is.
—Philadelphia Record.
Mother—Johnny, why didn't you
wash your face this morning? Son—
The doctor said to be careful and not
get my feet wet, and 1 guess my face
is just as good as my feet.
Housekeeper—Look here, I ordered a
dozen eggs from you this morning, and
you only sent me ten. Dealer—Well,
ma'am, two of 'em were bad, and I
didn't think you'd want 'em.
Her Father—When you marry, my
daughter, you marry a big-hearted, no
ble girl. Her Suiter (a wise guy)—I
know that, sir, and I'm sure she inher
its those qualities from you.
"I have just decided to suspend your
sentence," the judge began. "For the
lord's sake, judge, you don't mean to
say lifting a few chickens is a banging
matter!"—New York Herald.
Redd—This paper says there Is on
exhibition in Saco the largest lobster
that has been landed in those parts for
yeaiB, If ever. Greene—Does It give
the name of the lady who landed htm5
First Farmer (pointing to the flar
ing horn on an automobile)—What's
thet thing for? Second Farmer—
Thet's th'. thing they blow jes' before
they run y' down!—Town and Coun*
try.
Clergyman (examining a Sunday
school class)—Now can any of you
tell me what are sins of omission?
Small Scholar—Please, sir, they're
sins you ought to have committed and
haven't.
Gentleman (indignantly) You
praised your kitchen coal to the skies
and said it was most economical. Why.
It won't burn at all! Coal Dealer
(coolly)—Well, what could you havi
more economical than that?
"Mr. P., how is It xou
liave no1
called upon me for your account?'
"Oh, I never ask a gentleman fot
money!" "Indeed! How, then, -o you
get on if he don't pay?" "Why, aftei
a certain time. I conclude that he la
not a gentleman, and then 1 ask him/
"Here," said Dr. Price-Price, "just
take these pellets. You've merely got
a little fever, that's all. Five dollars,
please." "My!" exclaimed the tran
sient patient, who had happened intc
his office by chance. "Excuse me, Doc.
but I hope the fever ain't as high at
the feel"
"It is said that aggressive. Impul
sive people usually have black eyes,"
remarked a man who was interested
in the suggestion how far the face la
an Index of the mind. "That's quit€
true," rejoined a listener. "If they
haven't got them at first, they get
them later."
Dashaway—You say your sister will
be down in a minute, Willie. That'i
good news. I thought perhaps that sh«
wanted to be excused, as she did tht
other day. Willie—Not this time. 1
played a trick on her. Dashaway—
What did you do? Willie (triumph
antly)—I said you were another fel
low.
Jack—I nave a chance to marry a
poor girl whom I love, or a rich wom
an whom I do not love. What would
you advise? George—Love Is the sail
of life, my friend. Without it all else
is naught. Love—pure joy—makes
poverty wealth, pain a joy, earth a
paradise. Jack—Enough! I will mar
ry the poor girl whom I love. George
—Bravely spoken! By the way, would
you—er—mind introducing me to the
rich woman whom you do not love?
Got the Number.
Police Captain—You say that an au
tomobile containing several persona
sped along the street and struck down
an old man? New Officer—Yls, sor.
Police Captain—And that after chas
ing this auto for several blocks you
Anally succeeded In getting the num
ber? New Officer—Yls, sor. Police
Captain—Good! What was the num
ber? New Officer—There wor just
folve persons In th' car, sor!—Circle
Magazine.
DntitcerouM Alibi.
A prisoner at the sessions had been
duly convicted of theft, when It was
seen, on "proving previous convic
tions," that he had actually been In
prison at the time the theft was com
mitted. "Why didn't you say so?"
asked the judge ol the prisoner angri
ly. "Your lordship, 1 was afraid ol
prejudicing the Jury against me." Ar
gonaut.
If .lie Ciet« (be Agae.
Madge—lidilh Is surely not going to
marry that living skeleton of a man.
He's nothing but skin and bones.
Tess—Why not! He'll make her a
rattling husband.—Boston Transcript.
A MINISTER'S STOBY.
II Didn't Ilnve the Intended EflMt
Upon the Congregation.
It Is said that a New England min
ister once told the following story just
before the collection was taken up:
"I have hoard of a man. prosperous
rind well to do. who went to church
one Sunday and put a cent—just a
plain copper cent—In the collection
box.
"On the way home he was overtaken
by a sudden heavy shower and, hav
ing no umbrella, crawled into a hol
low log by the roadside to keep him
self dry uutll the downpour was over.
"Soon the log began to swell, and
the wetter It got the more It swelled
until the sides finally closed In on the
prosperous citizen and held him In a
grip like a vise.
"The rain ceased, but the unfortu
nate man was unable to move hand
or foot. He shouted foY help, but no
one heard him. He was about to give
up in despair when he suddenly
thought of the cent he had dropped
into the collection box that day, and
it made him feel so mean and small
that he crawled right out of the log
without any further trouble.
"Now, if you expect to get caught tn
a shower and be obliged to take refuge
in a hallow log on the way home, by
all means put a cent in the contribu
tion basket! If you don't anticipate a
crisis of that sort—well, you will
know what to do when the basket is
passed."
The minister expected a shower of
silver and bills to follow tills story,
but unfortunately just as the collec
tion began a black cloud passed over
head, It suddenly began to sprinkle,
and the pennies fairly rained into the
contribution basket. Only one quar
ter, a solitary dime and a lone nickel
were found among the coppers, and
they got in before the shower began.
The congregation, it seems, had all
left their umbrellas at home, and they
were not taking any chances.—New
York Times.
SHORT METER SEEMONS.
The Law of Service.
The law service is the touchstone of
human endeavor.—Rev. E. Y. Mullins,
Baptist, Louisville.
Surrender.
Surrender is a necessary principle
to Christian activity.—Ilev. Paul G.
Stephens, Presbyterian, Santa Monica.
Cal.
Moral Caoocliieii*.
Life is a sham and a failure unless
it is a success in moral goodness.—
Rev. T. J. McDonald, Roman Catholic,
Utlca, N. Y.
Creed.
A creed is that which a man thinks
In his heart, and whit he thinks in his
heart he is and do:--s.—Rev. Murdoch
McLeod, Presbyterian, Tacoma.
Spirit of Br ''herhood.
The spirit of brotherhood Is the un
derlying motive for philanthropists
and humanities.—Rev. Stephen S.
Wise, Hebrew, New York City.
Ileal Religion.
The religion of no man is real who
does not extend the lqyalty he profess
es toward God to God's people as well.
—Rev. George A. Smith, Presbyterian,
Glasgow, Scotla.id.
Furpowe of Education.
The design of education Is to so aug
ment the powers of the mind &« to
make men and women wise, strong and
useful.—Rev. Statom, Presbyterian,
Coeur D'Alene, Idaho.
T.ovr.
Love lasts, it endureth, and never
falleth. Prophesies fail In that they
are fulfilled. Tongues cease, but the
words of love spoken never die.—Rev.
S. J. Porter, Baptist, Richmond, Va.
Solution of Life.
However wide life may be In Its
reach, or however narrow, It Is still
ever true that the solution is within
the individual heart.—Rev. P. A. Simp
kin. Congregationalism Salt Lake City.
Salvation.
Salvation is not mere salvage. Sal
vation Is high and holy service it Is
doing the will of God It Is a call to
share In a divine purpose.—Rev. W. H.
Stevens, Presbyterian, Huntington,
Can.
Regeneration.
The moment a sinner comes Into
vital touch with Chrl3t, by faith, he Is
reanimated, tliat la, "regenerated," un
der the Influence of the Spirit.—Rev.
David J.- Burrell, Reformed, New York
City.
Mind.
Cause, basis, principle must be In
telligence or mind. There Is only one
cause, one God. Therefore, speaking
scientifically, there Is only one mind.
—Rev. Blcknell Young, Christian Sci
entist, Boston, Mas3.
Ttie SouJ.
The soul Is a mechanism, and Is not
self-propulsive. Like a ship. It asks
the winds to fill its sail like a car, It
asks power to drive the wheels.—Rev.
Newell Dwlght Hill is. Congregational
ism Brooklyn, N. Y.
Rivht Idea*.
You are ruled by your ideals. See to
It that they Include purity, charity.
Justice, truth, righteousness, love.
Jesus Christ is the ideal character.
Fashion your life after His—Rev. S. H.
C. Burgin, Methodist, San Antonio,
Tex.
Education*,
Education Is not the enemy of faith.
You have a right—a duty—to use your
mind within your religion. Only do
not make the fatal error of thinking
that you must never trust the soul be
yond the confines of cold Intellectual
calculation.-—Rev. Richard W. Hogue,
Episcopalian, Raleigh, N. C.
The Brute.
A certain Chicago marrjed man who
boasts to the boys that ills wife never
sits up for him, slipped out for a cigar
the other evening after supper, and
failed to notice that Ills wife had her
party gown on. When lie softly tip
toed Into the house at 2 a. m„ says
the Record-Herald, he was slightly sur
prised to see a dewey-eyed lady trip
down the stairway, turn her back to
him and tearfully say:
"There are two hooks I just couldn't
reach, won't you unfasten them so I
can go to bed?"
Fortunately he could and did.
Holland'* Fumoua Bird.
The stork Is treated with great and
singular respect In the Netherlands.
These strange birds may be seen here
and there, almost everywhere In the
South, but are rarely met with In the
North. The house selected by the
stork for a nesting place Is considered
fortunate, and very special facilities
are provided by the householders to
enable It to build a nest comfortably..
At The Hague many of these birds are
maintained at public expense.
Every cloud has a silver lining—for
the umbrella man.
t'*
$!k
It about the span of a lifetime
ago—71 years—since Miss Zeruiah
Porter marched through Oberlln Col
lege and came out at the other end
with a head full of 'ologles and 'Isms.
It was recognized as an epoch-making
event, and every living soul on the
continent had his or her pet theory as
to the consequences that must ensue.
Among all the sages who must have
discussed the matter with Indignation
or delight or amusement, was there
even one who foretold what has really
begun to happen who prophesied
that In this year of grace, 1909, the
number of women studying In Institutions for hlghei
education would tit quite half the tale of men, while co
educational institutions would be facing the danger of
being swamped by the horde of women clamoring for
admission?
Taking Oberlln, the first coeducational Institution,
and, therefore, the best for such comparison, one finds
the number of graduates divided Into l,41p men against
1,031 women. Women now outnumber the men in va
rious other Western universities, and Stanford has had
r.rbitrarily to limit the number of women admitted lest
it should be overwhelmed. In the East, Tufts College
has been forced to decide on the segregation of its
women, after tho fashion or Harvard, for they are pour
ing In so fast as to upset the men'B department.
So to the music of June a new note has been added—
the Bound, light yet solemn, of thousands of girlish feet
marching down the college aisle and across the com
mencement stago and out into the great wide world. It
was thoughtful of flie rose to choose the same month
as this fine flower of civilization—broad-minded, too,
for she faces a serious rival. The sweet girl graduate
holds the center of the stage, and If poets have not be
gun to rhapsodize over her It is merely because the sta
tistician has not yet finished with her.
It Is not easy to figure out that more than 50 per
cent of college women marry, and It Is a hard struggle
to get that far. Some colleges have pretty full figures,
as Bryn Mawr and Smith.
Since 1879 out of 967 students at Bryn Mawr 22* have
married. Out of 3,854 students at Smith 1,296 married.
Dr. Mary Robert Smith, who Htudied for the Ameri
can statistical Association, drew the conclusion that
the average age of marriage would be between 26 and
27 years, or two years later than for non-college wom
en. The average age at graduation Is probably about 22.
If one goes back five years to look at the figures, the
number of marriages does not show up very well. Be
ing generous and going back ten years, one gets B0
per cent in Smith, less In Bryn Mawr. Dr. Smith
made a careful and Important study, but one Is Inclined
to think from these figures that college girls, In the
East, at any rate, must marry rather later than the ago
Bhe gave. Prof. C. F. Emerlck, writing in the current
Political Science Quarterly, remarks that the marriage
rate for Vassar women Jumped from B3.5 per cent for
those at 40 years of age to about 63 per cent for those
at 47. Cupid is not always, apparently, a hasty boy.
Why women colleges should be so "touchy" on the
subject of matrimony It Is not easy to understand. There
Is certainly no dlegrace in remaining unmarried and
doing a share of the world's work in ways other than
domestic.
Although Bhe marries later and probably marries less
than other women of her class, the college woman has
nearly as many children. She has more, In proportion
to the number of years she Is married. But this is not
Science
n*..
U:
nvention
It takes 13.82 cubic feet of air to
weigh a pound.'
Electric power Is used on 2,286 miles
of street railways In Great Britain to
148 miles operated by other means.
Probably the world'B Bwlfest battle
ship is the British Bellerophon, which
recently made 25 Vi knots In an official
trial.
The total pig Iron production of the
United States last year was 15,936,018
long tons as against 25,781,361 tons iu
1907.
Recent additions to the French
army'B field equipment were several
automobile refrigerators for the trans
portation of fresh meat.
Up to a certain point exposure to
radium rays stimulates the germina
tion of seeds, but If that point be pass*
ed the growth Is stopped.
Ivory which has become yellow may
be bleached by dipping It in soapy
water several times and exposing It to
sunlight after each dipping.
A new instrument for use when
stropping razors includes a guide
which prevents the blade slipping and
injuring itself or the strop.
A match box containing a cigar cut
ter, which clips off the end of a cigar
when the box is closed, is the recent
invention of a New York man.
The clock of the tower of Colum
bia University, New York, Is said to
be one of the roost accurate in the
world, varying but six seconds a year.
Commenting on the recent announce
ment of the discovery of a "new rival
of radium," called radlo-thor, and to
which wonderful properties are said to
have been ascribed by its discoverer.
Dr. Bailey, of Chicago, Frederick Sod
dy remarks that the description of this
substance bears an obvious resem
blance to radio-thorium, which has
been well known for some time. The
cheapness of the new substance Is ex
ploited, but radlo-thorlum can be ob
tained from the thorium salts which
are manufactured by the ton in the
Welsbach mantle Industry, and Profes
sorRutherford long ago suggested that
It might serve as a cheap and effect
ive substitute for radium for many
purposes. Thorium produces meso
thorium, and from meso-thorium comes
forth radlo-thorlum. Its activity is not
permanent, like that of radium, but it
would last for many years, and for
most purposes would be as valuable
as radium.
Prof. C. Davidson points out that the
great Messina earthquake had three
centers of maximum disturbance, the
greatest being under the Strait of Mes
sina, and the other two near Palma
and Monteleone in Italy. Oh other oc
casions some of these centers have
been successively active, but this time
they were simultaneously in action.
2" -Tt A" t4 (&• if*
AFTER LIFE OF THE COLLEGE GIRL GRADUATE
saying a great deal, for she does not co*ie of a class
given to raising a quiver-full. Dr. Smlt comparison
of college women with their non-college .tives went
to show that neither had an average ofr .ite two liv
ing children, with the college woman a ti.^e below the
average of the other, on account of her later marriage.
Emerging from the thicket of figures and contradic
tions which surrounds the marriage of the girl gradu
ate, there arises another difficulty, but happily a less
perplexing one. If she decides not to enter the state of
matrimony and rear a Bmall but admirable family, what
happens to hjr? How does she earn a living?
In the old days a well-bred and well-educated woman
could teach, and she could do nothing else. Nowadays,
while many professions are open to her, jshe still chooses
this career In preference to any other, although the
proportion of graduates It claims Is not so large as for
merly. The lines of work opened up by modern sociol
ogy are attracting a great many. Sucli professions will
doubtless soon begin to rival teaching, and professors
of economics In women's colleges bear this In mind.
Turning again to the admirable statistics of Bryn
Mawr, one finds that 145 students are teaching. Deduct
Ing the number of graduates without occupation, there
are left about 450 who earn a living. Of this number
145 is a high percentage. The percentage Is not, how
ever, keeping up to quite this level. Forty-flve girls
are put down as "paid "philanthropists." As one of
this number obnerved, this is a dreadful name to call
anybody, but it Indicates the tendency of college wom
en to turn toward social work of one kind or another.
Physicians come next with 12, and the profession of
private secretary counts 11. This latter work 1b at
tracting more girls than formerly. Lawyers are four In
number. On the side of art 17 girls have taken up
music as a career and three chose art. Other occupa
tions Include photography, Inn-keeping, managing a
shop, bookbinding, Illustrating, hand weaving, trained
nursing, wood carving, millinery, jewelry work, Jour
nalism and library work. Several are deans of colleges
there Is an agent In a government office and a title
searcher In a law office.
The census of 1900 showed among women workers
50 astronomers, 100 architects, 40 civil engineers and
30 mechanical and electrical engineers. These cannot
be traced to their respective colleges, but no doubt they
have degrees to their account, as have also the 8,000
women clergymen.
It would seem that the college woman, married or
unmarried, gets a good deal out of life. Unmarried,
she has an Interesting profession. Married, she has a
healthy child and a statistical fraction of another
healthy one. Three-fifths of this child and a fraction Is
a boy. What more could the heart of a woman desire?
Of course she marries late, but civilization brings that
to pass all over the world. The world has wagged con
siderably since the days of Romeo and Juliet
ARGENTINA'S FLOOD OF IMMIGRANTS.
mm-m /ssi
/9
OS
Growth of Immigration Into Argentina.
People who &ink that all the Immigrants who leave Europe make a bee
line for 'Canada or the United States will be surprised to learn that Argen-:
tina received more Immigrants in 1908 than the United States did In 1897 or
1898. In 1908 Argentina received 255,750 strangers. This was about one
third the number the United States received that year, but In proportion to
population she Is far ahead of the United States as a promised land for
Europeans who leave home. A glance at the reference books In which these
figures appear shows, however, that the rest of South America must not be
judged by Argentina. Brazil's Immigration Is falling off and Chile's Is In
significant. From the 76,292 foreigners who settled in Brazil In 1901, the
number of annual additions to the population has dwindled until the last
census, In 1904, glvos but 12,447. In the five years Including 1901 and 1905
Chile records a total of only 14,000 Immigrants.
One of the main reasons why Argentina is so eagerly picked out for set
tlement lies doubtless In the determined efforts of the government to popu
late the Island districts. As soon as the Immigrants land they are pro
vided with good food and comfortable shelter for five days. The National
Bureau of Labor finds places for them, If they are laborers or mechanics
and they are dispatched to their destination and supported for ten days free
of charge under the direction or an agent of the bureau. If after arriving
at his original destination "the immigrant wishes to continue his journey
still farther by another railroad, he Is provided with a ticket and conducted
to the station by the agent." As to the number of immigrants. Argentina
received in 1865 11,767 Immigrants in 1875, 42,066 In 1885 108 722- in
1897, 135,205 in 1905, 221,622 in 1907. 209.108 and in 190s! 255 750 im
migrants.
This appears to Indicate some deep
seated connection between them. The
total area disturbed by the Messina
earthquake was about 150,000 square
miles. In the San Francisco earth
quake the disturbed area covered more
than 1,000,000 square miles.
JuBt as the British Association for
the Advancement of Science has ac
cepted Invitations to hold sessions In
Canada and South Africa, so the Amer
ican association bearing a slmllarname
Is now seriously considering the ad
visability of accepting the Invitation
of Hawaii to meet In 1910 in those
Islands. At Its recent Baltimore meet
ing the association reaffirmed the reso
lution adopted at Chicago In 1907 to
the effect that It is desirable to go to
Hawaii. "Keen delight" Is said to
be expressed In Hawaii over the pros
pect that the Invitation will be accept
ed, and the wonderful attractions of
the Islands for scientific visitors are
set forth—their great volcanoes, their
tropical vegetation, their wealth of
animal and vegetable life, their eth
nological offerings. The association Is
sounding Its members on the subject,
with the prospect that there will b« a
strong sentiment In favor of the dto
ject.
Nut Ahiiif, What They Seem.
Professor and Mrs. Hadley were on
a train bound for New York, where
Yale's president was to speak before
a national convention. He made use
of the hour and twenty minutes he
spent in the train by rehearsing his
speech In a low voice, using his hands
to emphasize certain passages.
A kindly matron who was sitting
directly behind Mr. and Mrs. Hadley
and who had been watching and listed
Ing, leaned forward, and, tapping Mrs.
Hadley on the shoulder, said feelingly,
"You have my sincere sympathy, njy
poor woman I have one Just like him
at home."—Success Magazine.
lismoolaeii.
"My husband alwaya insists that 1
spend the summer at the seashore!"
"I actually wish that my husband
would get tired of seeing me around,
too."—Houston Post.
A man who thinks more of a dollar
than he does of his self-respect Is In
sult-proof.
Mi-