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Til OTTAWA i IE OUR C 0 U N T R Y H E R C 0 M M E R C E A NO HER FREE INSTITUTIONS VOL. IV. OTTAWA, ILLINOIS, FRIDAY, DECEMBKK 15, 15513. NO. 2G. EE TRAD t I From the Citizen Soldier. ' THE OLD OAK. B T H B II 11 Y B. llltltT. Shske, shake thy lirad in the wind, And rustle and wail. Old Tree, And nen, when they think of thy glories gone, Will feel for thy fall with mo. But they never can feel for thee, Old Oak, as a Poet can ; For he hath the heart to break And they have the heart of man The cold and stony heart, And the earthy soul within That owna no (Jod savo tho Idol Self No priest, save the priest of sin. Now, tho Poet's heart is warm And spurneth the clayey clod Is warm with the love of the Rood of Life, , And fresh from the hand of Uod. And ho will say, Old Oak. That, though so old and grey, Thy branches sung a gleesomu son; In tho merry month of May Thnt, in tho hot July. They made a pleasant shade For tho way-worn wanderer, as he strode Along the sweltering glade That August saw the cattle sleep Uciicath. thy branches green, Whsro the warbling wood-bird fed its young In the depth of their emerald sheen. And ho will sing, Old Oak, Of a thousand things like these, And spread thy fame on the wings of song, Away o'er an hundred seas And ho will lovo thee will, And n Poet's love is worlh The richest gems and the reddest gold Of tho senseless churls of earth. 8o, shake thy head in the wind, And rustle and whistle, old tree, To the withering blast n.i it surges by, A note of thy olden glee. T1BB LAND OF WASHING TO. I glory in the sages, Who, in the days of y ore, In combat met the focman, And drove them from our shore ; Who flung our banner's starry field, In triunip t the hreozn, And spread broad maps of cities where, Once waved the forest trees. Hurrah I glory in the spirit Which goaded thorn to rise, And found a mighty nation beneath the western skies. No clime so bright and beautiful As that where sets the sun ; No land so fertile, fuir and freo As that of Washington. Hurrah o. r. ADDRESS. . Of the Committee appointed by the iMing of the ' . Citizens of Philadelphia in Ifie District Court Room, Philadelphia, the 28.'A day if Scptemlirr, t - 1313, to the Americana residing in Oregon Ter ritory. . Friends and Fellow-Citizens : Al t' though you are removed to a great dis tance, you are not forgotten. Many hun dreds of miles separate us, but in feelings we are one and indivisible. Your brothers ' -' on this side of the Rocky Mountains have heard of your wrongs, and tliey sympathize in your sufferings. They have listened, in sorrow and with indignation, to the de- " ' tails of the impositions that have been N practised upon you upon American citi zens, upon American ground by our foreign rival and their chartered agents ; practised (hitherto) with impunity. We exhort you, fellow citizens, to bear up f amidst these manifold privations and griev V ances. Remember the l ist words of the " brave and faithful Lawrence "Dont give " ' up the Ship." We would disdain to ask you to crouch to your oppressors, that ' would be unworthy of Americans, but we earnestly counsel you to forbear, as long as possible, to make forcible resis tance in the hope -no, not in the hope in the certainty, that your country will como to the rescue ; and that the dav of retribution is not far distant. We have heard of your petition to bo taken under tho protection of Congress ; ami wo have participated in your surprise and sorrow that your prayer has not been granted. 'Justice (fellow-citizens) has iron hauls : but she has leaden feel!" If Congress fail to take you under her protection, the People (they who made Congress) will not fail to do so. Fear not, it is not in tho nature of things in this enlightened age, that an independent nation, like the United States, should allow her sovereign ly to be invaded, her flag trampled upon and her citizens maltreated. When the British Parliament passed a law, authori zing the members of the Hudson Bay Company to arrest Americans, within their own territory, to be sent to Canada, to be 4 itried upon British ground, before British . , . Judges and by British laws, they laid the foundation stone of their own ejection -.;jrom Oregon. When the same Parlia ment granted to the Hudson Bay Compa ny. our land in Oregon,, which they (the ' IIudson.Bay Company) are now parcel- I T Logout to; their adherents, they might s nave Known, mat u wouiu not oe long toi aw 1 .1. i Ti 1 1 I 1 1 V : "ted. .Had Great Britain been a little ' j irriore modest a little more moderate the tfnited States ever averse to war, might June allowed their just title to Oregon to liaye slumbered a little longer; ; but the ar- jfoganco nd orerbearance of the Lion has jrouped the Eaglo." Great Britain lias awa ,a ktrfcd the people' of this republic, and for ' , C(d them to look into the claims to that Perritory, and with that examination every one has been perlectly sali-slieJ. J lie North, and South, the East and the West, are now thoroughly convinced that Eng land has not the shadow of claim to anv portion of that country ; but that it be longs, of right, to us. This first step was a wise one ; for unless wo have rigit up on our side, the United States should lav no claim to Oregon. We complain of the rcssions of other nations; we ought therefore, to stand up before tliu world, with clean hands. But once satisfied that our title is just, wc can afford to take high ground. " Thrice is he armed who has his quarrel just." Tor this reason, all that England's ablest advocates had said upon this important subject was maturely considered, the let ter of 'a distinguished member of Parlia ment,' and tho statements of the British Plenipotentiaries, have been published. Both sides have been fully heard. Equal justice has been administered. The argu ments, for and against, have all been weighed in the same balance, end those of our adversaries have been found wan ting. Their claims and pretensions are contradictory their assertions are unfoun ded in fact, and reasoning is unsound. They have displayed at every step errors and discrepancies, easily detected by the unbiassed, but which, we regret to say, there are men of high standing among them who cither do not, or who affect not to notice. They appear to be utterly blind-folded, and rush headlong to the possession of the country in dispute, con trary to reason and the law of nations. But these errors and discrepancies will not be lost sight of before the great tribunals of public opinion of other nations ; and we even hope that the wise and tho good of their own country, the recent pointing of them out, will not be entirtly unavail ing. On the other hand, the title of tho Uni ted Slates to Oregon is plain, simple, and conclusive ; any one tho least accustomed to matters of this character cannot fail to understand it. Having established the right of the Uni ted Stales to this Territory, Americans were not tardy in finding out that it was of vast importance to every portion of the people of the Union to possess, unmoles ted, those broad lands in this delightful re gion of country. It was not a mere desire to possess more ample territory. No indeed ; we have ground enough, without Oregon, to gratify the most ambitious. It was to give to us and to our posterity a shorter and easier route to the East Indies ; to furnish us with a direct and safe transit to China and the rich Isles adjacent; and to tin J us a market for our lead, our lum ber, our peltries, and our manufactures of various kinds. It was to insure to the numerous citizens concerned in our valua ble whale fisheries, a safe and commodi ous harbor for their vessels; and, above all, it was to keep at a distance insidious, grasping and dangerous neighbors, who are surrounding us with a cordon of forts ; who are standing between us and our nat ural western boundary, the Pacific Ocean. There arc many oilier cogent reasons, which will be obvious to you, who arc re siding in Oregon, to urge upon us to in sist upon our just right to that Territory. What is to be done ? make anolhei treaty with Ureal Britain ? We want no treaty. Wc might as well make a treaty about Philadelphia! Makowar! We desire no war; but when war comes we must meet it, as we must all other evils, like men like freemen. c wish to ncllle the coun try. Let 30,000 Americans, cacli man with a stout heart in his bosom and a good ri:4c iii his hand, emigrate to Oregon, and we shrill have no war. The Hudson Bay Company amounts to less than a thousand souis, all told, and would, in a very few years be lost amidst the population from the Atlantic States. The Hudson Bay Company are a lFur Company,' and as soon as the Territory shall be settled by the agriculturist from the States, and the fur bearing animals become extinct, or even sensibly diminished, the Hudson Bay Company will seek in California, or the more northern regions of America, now claimed by Russia, countries more adapted to their pursuits. Should any of them turn agriculturalists, and wish to re main in Oregon, let them do so ; provided they will conform to the just and equal laws of the United States. . But how, and by whom, is this emigra tion and settlement to be effected! If Congress will do two things the emigra tion to Oregon and the settlement thereof will follow, as naturally, aye, and as irre sistibly, as water (lows down an inclined plane. 1st. Let Congress make a military road from the Missouri river, near the mouth of the Platte, to tho mouth of the North fork of that river, and thence by that fork to the South pass of tho Rocky Moun tains; and through the same,' to Lewis' river, and by Lewis' river to the Colum bia river, and it will be thronged with em igrants from tho Atlantic Slates, always ready to seek new abodes in the West. At the distance of each day's journey, along this road, let block houses be erec ted, where the Star Spangled Banner, floating in the air, shall proclaim, that the weary wanderer may thcre'rest in perfect security. Let Congress cause to be laid out, on both Rides of this military road, for a mile in depth, plantations of moder ate size, to be awarded to those who shall aid, for a given number of year, to make this road and keep it in repair, and the present generation may yet live to see the prairies and the (so called) dcserl smiling with grain fields, and supporting an in dustrious and happy population of free men. 2d. Let Congress pass a law taking all Americans, who settle in Oregon, under their protection, and providing good laws for tho Government of the Territory, and our countrymen, having no longer any thing to fear from foreign oppression, will flock there will cultivate the fine valleys of the Columbin river, and introduce into the whole territory the blessings of relig ion, industry and peace. Americans in Oregon yo pioneers of the larthest W est cast your minds, eyes, for one moment, into the future. Behold the waters of thelalte and those of the Lewis made navigable a Railroad of a few miles connecting the head blanches of these streams, thus, by the mighty power of steam, uniting the two portions of this great continent. Imagine tho woods, which now echo only the yell of the Indian, giving place to farms, harmonious with the whistle of the plough-boy, or the rherful song of the husbandman as he garners his abundant harvest. See arising from tho ruins of Astoria, a magnificent city an emporium of trade a seat of manufactures and the arts a patron for the sciences. Behold the felonious Black feet, the frightful Flathead s, and iho indomitable Cumanches, casting away their bloody tomahawks and entering-, together, the house of God, and bending their knees, in company with the white man, before the throne of our holy Redeemer ! In a few years all these, which are to us and yon so many dreams, will bo to our children and our children's children so many realities ; and then, as the future people of Oregon arc assembled around the festive board, celebrating the birth-day of their independence, the first toast will bo "the Congress of 1813- t , who the foundation of all our happiness." Ian! From the Cincinnati Sun. The Ainrrirmi !iiuic. We hold a lofty place among the na tions. Our star of empire has reached a high place in the arch of fame, and if we forget not the motto of those who laid the corner stone of our temple, wc may and shall soon shine in the empyrean of na tional greatness. To become aware of our true position among the powers that bo, we have only to notice the manner in which we arc regarded by them. Great Britain looks on us with a jealous eye. The American name produces a sensation in England above that of any oilier pow er. They 'affect to treat us, it is true, as in every way their inferiors, but their conduct proves that they fed their nation al glory faiding in the increasing light of the Star of the est. The British Ensign is known through out the whole earth ; the isles of the sea know and fear it the Orientals know and detest it ay, and one of the wings . that supports the verv throne, now virbrates ominously beneath tho cross of St. George. But tho American name is sounded with the voice of wonder, of ad miration and respect on the tongues of the Orientals, and by thoso who dwell on the isles of the oceans. The Barbarians lovo our flag the Algerine looks on it, and remembers who taught him tho prin ciples of justice and humanity, the Cel estials look on it, and remember who taught them tho folly of distrust and treachery. Every where the American name is known the lovely form of Free dom is recognized. The millions who bewail themselves the conquest of the lied Dragon, begin now to awake. The awakened eye beholds fetters that were invisible, n certain steady glancing up wards betokens a new conviction. Lib erty ! liberty 1 shall it not yet fly with the American name from cl'uno to clime, till the whole earth shall be redeemed from tho thrawl of dark brooding despotism! Do not the sgns of promise speak great things for the world through our example and our influence ? Listen, a voice from tho South Sea from tho Society Isles, Tomare looks towards the North, and says 'Tho Americans 1 their Government will endure, for it is good.' ' , - Hark I Thcro is music and fasting and rejoicing in the East. The descendants of the Gauls, the Huns, and the degene rated countrymen of Demosthenes, cele brate, with a few of our native born, the birth of whom? Ah ! when his name is spoken, shall it be said that the children of Kings ever are blind to the glorious principles of Liberty and Equality that dwell in tho soul of tho Father of our Country ? Washington's birlh-day has been celebrated in Europe ; Princes have honored it. Yes, the Genius of Liberty bears the memory of Washington as a shield before him, and tho fame of the scourgor of tyrants shall never dio ; and we if we cherish as we should the mem ory of him who sleeps in the humble tomb of Mount Vernon, shall live as a nation, when kingdoms and thrones shall have become as emty sounds, and when the noble in soul shall be the only no hility. Tho subjects shall have ceased to beg for bredd in the midst of diamond laden princes, and the nod of one mortal shall no longer drench another land with blood. It remains with us yet to say, whether tho American name shall reach a point of influence above that which Rome in her proudest days could boast. If we ever do our duty at home, with a steadfast eye on the lesson and guiding lamp which our fathers left us, an Ameri can has but to say, when in a foreign land, 'I am an American,' and he will be greeted as a brother. Are these idle as sertions, prompted by national pride Glance back on our history, and reason from what has been what may be. Wore the prophetic words of one of our states men, on the memorable day of 1770, idle assertions ? '1 am for this Declaration,' said he; "wo have but to streach fort I our right hands and we may bo freemen, and give to our posterity a day which they shall hail as a day of jubilee, with firing oP cannon, with illuminations, and rejoicing.' We are that posterity and what are wc now ? That day in the year 177G was a new era; a new burst of light on the dark path of time. Ambition was personified in Alexander, in Ctrsar. in Napoleon, cruelty found a temple in Sylla, in Nero j and philan thropy in a Howard. But Freedom was first represented by .the band that on the Fourth of July, 1770, pledged life and fortune and honor in her service. It was then that the people of America were christened the Independent J It was then our namo began to excite pity in the hearts of those of foreign powers, whose eyes wrro open to the light of jsiiiice ! How different are llic feelings now inspir ed within those who now contemplate our position. It is no longer sympathy for our wrongs. No. It is admiration ! Wo have attained a prerogative to say, we will stand, even though the worid pull us down, and destroy the ma jesty of the Americon name. Wc need fear no foes without. Countrymen, if we arc not devided against ourselves, the namo American may for ever stand against the world. nrlluu Kl.i, I do not know when I have been more affected by any narrative than by one I have lately read, entitled "The Parting Kiss." 'I was but five years old when my mother died ; but her image is as dis tinct to my recollection, now that twelve years have elapsed, as it was at the time of death. I remember her as a pale, beautiful, gentle being, with a sweet smile, and a voice that was soft and cheer ful when she praised me; and when I cried, for I was a wild thoughtless child, there was a trembling mildness about it that always went to my little heart. And then she was so kind, so patient, methinks I ran now seo her large blue eyes moist with sorrow, becausoof my childish way wardness, and hear her repeat: My child how can you grievo me so ?" I re collect she had for n long time been pale and feeble, and that sometimes there would come a bright spot upon her cheek which made her look so lovely, that I thought sbo must be well. But fhe sometimes spoke of dying, and pressed mo to her bosom, and told mo to be good when she was gone, and to lovo my fa ther a great deal, and be kind to him, for he would have none ehc to love. I re collect she was sick all day, and my little hobby horse and whip lay aside, and I tried to be very quiet. I did not see her for the whole day, and it seemed very long. At night they told me mother was too sick to kiss me, as she always used to before I went to bed, and I must go without it. But I could not. , 1 stole into tho room, and laying my lips close to her's whispered 'mother mother won't you kiss me ?' Her lips were very cold ; and when slv put her arms around me, laid my head upon her bosom, and one hand upon my check. I felt a cold shud dering creep over' me ; my father carried mo from the room, but ho could not speak. After they put nii in bed, I lay a long time thinking I feared my mother would die, for her cheeks felt so cold as my lit' tie sister's did when she died, and they laid her in the ground. But the impres sions of mortality are always indistinct in childhood, and 1 soon fell asleep. In tho morning I hastened to my mo ther's room. A while napkin covered her face. I removed it it was just as I fear ed. Her eves were (dosed her cheeks were cold and hard, and only the lovely expression, Hhat rested upon her lips, re mained. In an instant all the little faults for which fiho had ofien reproved me. rushed upon my mind. I longed to tell her how good I would always be, if she would remain with me. She was hurried, but my remember anco of the funeral is indistinct : I only retain the impressions which her precepts and examples left upon my mind. I was a passionate, headstrong boy t but I never yielded to this turn of my disposition, without fancying I saw her mild and tear ful eye fixed upon me, just as she used to do in life. And then, when I succeed in overcoming it, her sweet smile of ap probation beamed upon me and I was happy. My whole character underwent a change, even from the moment of her death. Her spirit was forever with me strengthening my good resolutions, and weakening my propensity to evil I felt that it would grieve tho gentle spirit, to sec mo err, and I could not would not do it. I was the child of her affection ; I knew she had prayed and wept over me, and that even on tho threshold of eternity her affection for me had caused her to linger, that she might pray for me once more. I resolved to become all that she could desire. The resolution I have never forgotten it helped mc to subdue the waywardness of childhood, protected ni3 from the temptations of youth, and will comfort and support mo through the business of manhood. What ever there is that is estimable in my character, t owe to the impressions of goodness, made upon my infant mind, by the exemplary conduct and faithful instructions of my excellent mother." Dear children never forget this story. Love your mothers. Be careful to do nothing while the aro alive to (ill your hearts with bitterness afier they are dead. IJlllo NouU. We abhor men of littlo souls. Every thing they do is performed in a sneaking manner. If you trade with thsin, the trouble they cause you is worlh double your profit. They will stand an hour, and contrive a dozen of ways to sponge you out of half a cent ; and if ihey cannot accomplish it, they will go off as mad as a meet-axe, muttering to themselves about our hard world, depravity, tfce. If such men have bills to collect of you, they will give no peacn as long as they are un paid. Thi?y track your steps wherever you go, and haunt you day and night, till the debt is cancelled. If they lose a far thing by you in trade, they nevrr forget it, but will treasure the supposed wrong you have done them to the dose of life ; ami when your namo is mentioned in llieir presence, they will throw out sus picions and insinuations, to destroy your reputation. V ilh all this meanness, what is very singular, such characters are not aware of their conduct, and deem themselves beloved and respected, when every one who knows, dccpiscs them. They walk the streets, talk by tho way side, and drive into any thing they please, with as little regard for another, as if they were created to bargain and make money, while you were in duty bound to look on, and encourage and exert yourself in their behalf. Bound up in self, men of such principles cannot sec the right of others when they como in competition with their interests. So long as they herd up treasures, and the winds and waves arc favorable to them, they arc contented no mailer bow deleterious to others. Ii would not move them a bare to see the whole property of a neighbor sunk in the sea, provided it would cause a demand for an article of w hich they had a quanti ty on hand. Such men live, move and act in our minds for what purpose ex cept to hord up riches, and to distress the poor, we cannot tell. Certainly they are no benefit to mankind. They have a kind word and smile for none, nnd they never make a heart to rejoice, except when thpy die, and the devoted preacher gives out to bo sung at their funcrl, the appropriate hymn of Watts, commencing- "Believlnt; we rej"iee To see the course removed." .71 Inch of 'Flint, "Millions of money for an inch of time," cried Elizabeth the gifted, but vain and ambitious Queen of England, upon her dying bed. Unhappy woman ! reclining upon n royal couch, with ten thousand dresses in her ward robe! a kingdom upon which tho "sun never sets" at her feet', all now are valuc- ess, and she shrieks in anguish and shrieks in vain, fnrasingle "inch of lime." She enjoyed three score and ten years. Like too many among us. (die had so de voted them to wealth, to pleasure, to pride, , and ambition, that her whole preparation ' for eternity was crowded into herjast mo1 menis, and hence she who had wasted more than half a century, would now bar ter millions for an viuoh of time." 1 mcrrncT. Its oljecl why it thuidd be successful. What is the object ol Democracy! What docs it propose to the people? The object of democracy is the maintenance of human rights ; and it proposes the eleva tion, cultivation, expansion, and freedom of the humaix.mind. It farther proposes that this ennobling of humanity shall ex- ' tend throughout the ramification of socie ty, in every situation, and on every sub ject, civil and religious as well as politi cal. It in short promises the emancipa tion of the human mind from all the bonds with which it had been shackled, and its elevation to that high state of refinement, enjoyment, and greatness, for which it wai created. Call us leveller?, then if you will ; (of we desire uncompromising hostility to every thing that has f.ir iis object or its effect the depression of man. But observe, our levelling system raiher seeks to draw suffering humanity up to a higher stand' dard, than to depress the faculties i.f any. Wealth is not the great object for which man must live ; neither does its acciden tal possessions place ils possessor above his fellow in the great elements of human ity. We therefore oppose allowing it iin- lue influence, or permitting it to crush. overwhelm, swallow up and destroy or to tyranizc over the less favored and fortunate. Democracy must and will triumph. The world will one day own its sway. And it is only surprising that nt this day it has not progressed further, and is not ofiener victorious. lis exertions are infa- vor of the people, and i( principles are carried out by the people. It appears to man to make himself happy. These are high ends wc occupy high grounds, and aim at raiul results. But they arc not in opposition to the intentions of Providence. All men however humble. poor and wretched, yet possess souls, spirits, disabilities, hopes, fears, pas sions, aspirations and intelligence, like ourselves; and the tyranny that would prevent the exercise of those faculties, is w hat we oppose. How much wretchedness, squalor, dis tress ami suffering, do we find among mankind? How many persons there nro whose labor fcaice tufficcs to procure tho necessaries of life, and these of the most course nnd meagre kind. How many of our citizens are trammelled in mind, and forbidden to think for themselves, but obliged to submit to tho tyrannical dog mas of a master or employer, in order to secure the contiuuence of the meagre fare they now possess. Legislation is too f.cqucntly directed towards the Fropcr'y Holders the poor aro allowed to take care of themselves J but legislation should extend to nil alike. As tho poor are weak and powerlees, they rcquiro a fostering hand. Labor does not one any injury, so that he is well fed and will clothed ; but these should be well secured to him, with out being subject to tho caprice of any one. Our cry is down with oppression in every shape. Let the mind be free to act. We will give no support to mono polies, privileged institutions, or partic uhir interest. Favor, support, sustain, encourage and protect all alike. Level the w hole human race but level them to an elevated point. The state can do this chiefly. Let our legislation have this tendency : 1. To secure a comfortable existence to the poorest people. . . 2. To promote the interests of all class es, without injuring any. . '- 3. To unite the interests of the Gov ernment and people. 1, To prevent the concentration of wealth either by corporation or other vvie. Gipsics. It is genortdly known that these strangn creatures are found wander in over nearly every portion of the globe. Their character is about .the same every where, and U well mulenttood by the gen eral reader. None have ever visited this country till tho present season. A fsw weeks since n tiihp of Gipsies, seven in number, arrived in Baltimore. -They camo from Bohemia. They play on a riotn musical instruments, nnd perform many strange nnd grotesque pyronaetlc feats. Ono -Hack-eyed -benuty, a g'trl of eighteen, is n fortnnc-tcllcV atid hmttten tho rrcdulnin with her wondcrM reuh tiom. A". J'. Tribune "-: '--"' ' a a . ' ,o!' '- -