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I FARM AND GARDEN. OUR NATIONAL BIRD WINTER STOR- ING OF VEGETABLES. Crops of 1880 Hints in Dairying and Grape (.rowing A I'seful fertilizer A I New 1'ututu Ntw Flower How to Carve a Turkey. The turkey being, so to speak, our national bird, every man, woman, boy and girl ought to know how to skillfully carve it, while in point of fuct not one adult in ten understands tho art of dis secting this noble fowl. CARYINQ A TURRET. A skillful carver places the fork In the bird and does not remove it until the whole is divided. The turkey having been relieved of tarings and skewers used in trussing, should be placed on the table with the head or uock at the carver's left band. First insert the fork firmly as indicated in the figure, then removo the whole leg nnd thigh by a cut shown at a; next re move the wing by a cut, as at b, letting these parls lie on tho platter. Then cut downward as many slices from the breast, the white meat, as may ho desired (as shown in the lines ate); then make an openiii'? into tho cavity of the bird, hid den in the iiguro here given, by tho leg, for diiim; out the inside dressing. Next separate the leg from t lie thigh or second joint. The side bono is removed by cut ting down from above as shown at dd. Tho wing gives one good cut, that nearest tho body. If one side of tho turkey is not sutlicicnt, the other may lie carved in (ho same maimer as described. l'lonil NokIIiIh. The recent chry.-anlhemnm show in New York city did a good work for every body interested ill these most valuable nnd attractive of fall and winter llowers, by calli ig attention to new and desirable varieties. There are three classes of chrys anthmums; the Chinese bearing a large, loose lhiwer; the pompons, with small double ilower, and the Japanese, with ragged fringe like (lowers. From these have resulted numerous hybrids. A Chinese variety, with incurved petals is attracting atteutiou. THE CHINESE IMTRVED TTPK. A Japanese variety just introduced to the public as "Mrs. G rover Clcvland" bea-s pure white (lowers with straight ro ind petals ointing downward. Anothi r newcomer of Japanese parentage chris tened "Lily Langtry" is n mass of yellow tangled and ragged petals. The new rose Papa Gautier" introduced by John Hen derson it is believed will run a lwck race with "American lieauty" and tho "Ben nett" for favor. The cactus promises to displi.ee orchids as a fashionable craze, and a Japan prim rose (Primala obconica) has suddenly be come a favorite for window plants at tho north and west. ' Preserving Cabbage In Trent-lies. Amateurs read in one agricultural jour nal how cabbages arc stored, heads down with great success; in another journal they read how cabbugs are stored, roots down, with equal success. This apparent contradiction is puzzling to beginners, but fd'l cultivators understand what makes t!i9 two modes perfectly practicable. Placing cabbage compactly in a trench, with the heads down, applies only to those fully headed. The main object in invert ing them being to turn off the water. But there are immature cabbages to bo stored. Cabbages that require further heading and sometimes more growth. These aro properly placed in trenches, roots down, tj us to.kcep them olive. ' Winter Storing of Celery. Celery can be stored by burying in the row where it grew, by placing in trenches, or by packing in sand in a dark, cool cel lar. The lirst method is the one most practiced in the southern states. Tho usuul plan among eastern and northern growers is to pack it away in narrow trenches. The storing trenches are made about a foot wide, or the width of a spade, and deep enough to .5? receive the entire plants standing erect, the roots being slightly covered with earth at the bot tom. The plants uro placed up right, close to- tV trench is filled. WvThe tops of tho Vvphints should bo about evi mfe the sL-rfa. x)ypZ soil, as si about even with rface of tho shown in Z the cut. If tho weather remains mUd 1)1 n r a 1 v V cover with boards, adding celery ix A TREScii. hay, straw or corn stalks as the weather becomes colder, putting on only enough covering to pro vent freezing A covering of boards over the latter will keep the rain off and is rec ommended When -elery is wunted for use open one end of the trench, take out the required quantity, and dose ogain. How to Make Superphosphate. In all sections of the country the value of superphosphates as a fertilizer is ap preciated. Many farmers would make their own superphosphates if they knew just how to manage the intrredicnts Any oue who has au apparatus for steaming food for cattle, can ui'ike superphosphate In quick stylo by admitting steam from the boiler Into the barrel containing the water, acid and ground bones. The heat thus generated quickens the dissolution of. the bones in wonderful manner, and flB mtiimm mimwr If the process ( properly conducted It will not tAke over twenty-four hours. It la Indispensable that the barrel be tightly covered to retain the steam. If yon have Inch bone ground In a bone mill and feel yon cannot alTord to purchase sulphuric acid to work It up into super phosphate, you can reduce the bones to a flno powder by mixing three parts of loamy soil to one part of the ground bono. The bone will soon begin to heat aud fer ment. Then it will cool off, when you must work tho mass thoroughly. It will then begin to reheat and f remont nnd cool down again, and you must coutiuuo to work it over uutil brought to tho proper state of fineness. Crop of the Country. Mr. Dodgo statician to the department of agriculture, states that the area of Iudian corn iu tho United States bos In creased 20 per cent, withiu the post six years. Corn occupies more than half the area in ccrcaU and produces greater value than any other crop, except grasses, for hay and pasture According to the last crop report, tho average yield this season is 123 bushels per acre, or lJGS.OOO.OOO bushels. Tho wheat yield for the country i3 esti mated to bo about 4.W,000,000 or 12tf bushels per aero. Rye will yield u little less than wheat, or 11.8 bushels per acre. The oat crop was badly damaged in 60V eral of the largo producing states. Tho average yield Is estimated at about 20, bushels per acre, which insures a crop of over OUO,000,000 bushels. The general average of tho barley crop is 22.4 per acre, which is above tho average for a series of years, lluckwheat promises a product exceeding 11, 000,1)00 bushels. Tho average yield for the buy crop is close upon 'l.l.OOD.Oiit) tons. The potato product shows higher yields in the east and lower iu tho west than last year, giving a product for tho wholo country of llio.OOO.OUO bushels. Onions for Winter Vug There are many ways of keeping good, sound, ripe, dry onions. The great point Is to keen them dry. You must remem ber t hat even n ripe, dry onion contains at least bO per cent, of water, and when a large mass of them are kept together they are liable to sweat and the skins and tops become damp, and, if the tempera ture is above freezing, they will throw 0 it roots and begin to grow. Joseph Harris, in The American Agriculturist, says: ."If necessary to keep onions in a large mass put them in a dry pin :e, such as a shed or a barn." In many localities they will freeze solid and stay frozen till the spring, in which case they must be well covered to keep them from thawing. In smaller quantities onions can bo placed iu slat boxes, holding about a bushel each. The lower boxes should bo placed on boards and not on the cellar (loor. Pile tho boxes one above tho other in such a way as to "break joints" and admit of a circulation of air all round and through tho boxes. MiixiniM for Grape Grower. 1. Give the vine plenty of manure, old and well decomposed, for fresh manure excites growth but does not mature it. 2. Remember that luxuriant growth does not always insure fruit. 3. Dig deep but plant shallow. 4. Young vines produce beautiful fruit, but old vines yield the richest. 5. Plant your vines before put ting up trellises. 0. Prune in autumn to insure growth, but in spring to promote fruitfulness. 7. Yines love the sun; the fruit, the shade. 8. A bunch of grapes without a healthy leaf opposite is liko a ship at sea without a rudder, it cannot come to port. 0. Laterals are like poli ticians: if not checked they nre the worst of thieves. ritclifork Handles. I don't like the way pitchfork handles are made. The handles are top large round toward tho fork. I had oho such and the men all shunned it. I used it nnd my hand wus cramped grasping so large a hold. I could get no others at the store. so I bought two of tho usual size and shape. 1 took them into my shop mid with plane and spoke shavo altered one third of the lower part to an oval, the widest way up nnd down. These forks nro now the favorites. Kural New Yorker. A Potato of Promise. The best potato among fiOft varieties in any fair test is certainly a high (list Miction. A seedling, which has been christened "Rural .tcv Yorker N'o. 2," has been singled out as worthy of distinction on the experimental farm of The llural ?7ew Yorker. This seedling produced tho past season an extra large yield of large, smooth, shapely tubers, characterized by uniformity of size, excellent quality and few eyes. This potato has been placed in the hands of a leading New York seeds man for propagation and dissemination. To Increase Flow of Milk. The following advice is applicable to every farmer who keeps cows. Especial ly if followed during tho winter season. Give your cows three times a day water slightly warm, sligthly salted, in which bran has been stirred at the rate of one quart to two gallons of water. You will lind that the cow will not only give much more milk, but she will become much at tached to the diet. The amount of this drink necessary is an ordinary water pail full each time, morning, noon and night. FnrU Farmers Ought to Know. Good results from bagging grapes re ported from every section. Clover makes the farm rich. Fay's prolific currant has sustained its good character us a Uig yiclder of the largest sized red currants. A short clip of wool is one of the effects of drought reported from Texas. Tho marked ndvinco in the price of wool is the natural result of the general shortage in the wool clip. Wynndottes and the better strains of Plymouth Kocks, appear to le running a neck to neck race for popularity as general purpose fowls. Ventilation is better than refrigeration, say leading fruit dealers. Everybody who has a stock of hops on hand is happy on account of the marked advance in prices. Good sized horses sre in demand. Apples are plentiful and there is a fair export trade. It pays to bum the garden over after the grass and weeds are fully dried. Fire iu the fall saves much weeding in the spring. Lovett. the nursery man, nses flrrt a cushioned head for pressing npples into a barrel in packing. Several newspapers may be employed Instead, under the per manent head. The cushioned head or the newspapers are removed niter the npplea are pressed, nnd the permanent head is ready to be fastened down. SCIENCE AND PROGRESS. WASTE OF FUEL-TRIAL OF TRIC ENGINES. ELEC- An Accidental Iloovery Klngulur Cii of Life Itetalned After a llroken Neck. The Wind aa a Distributor of Seed. Electric Motor Trial. One of Elison'g electric motors has re cently been purchased by the Pennsylvania railroad to be tried on its northern central division. A stationary engine will be put up in the shops at Kenovo. If tlieso engines work well a number of them will bo put on the branch roads and finally on the main line. The Saddle Sulky. A new sulky has recently been patented by Charles F. Stollnian, M. D., of New York, with a curved azlo, to admit the rear of the horse between the wheels. This Kriuits the horse to turu unii his center of motion, thereby making riding very safe, as the sulky becomes like a part of tho horse. It would le especially serviceable on rough roads or where ordinary vehicles cuimot be used. 8ArDI E fcCI.KT. The front sent of tho sulkv is supported on a spring HTch rising and curving backward , employed and well paid laborer will be from the shafts, the rear portion u-ing held ( come liiuisell a man of accumulating capi upon flat springs secured to the curved bow tal the force of labor transposed into uniting the ends of the shafts, 1 His avoids tho jolting usual to two-wheeled Vehicles. The sulky is very li,;ht and very strong, since the axles are (Irmly secured to the continuous shaft and well braced. Another form make.-, the nxle a continuous arch under the seat and over tho rear of the horse. Tho inventor claims that this form prevents tho slewing usuully experienced in turning tho curves of u truck, thereby tend ing to increase tho sjicod of tho horso and lower the record, I.lfo with a llroken Neck. Tho Chicago Journal tells the story of a remarkable case of fracture of the spine and cord. Mr. Andrew Hamilton was "coaching" some college men iu the gymnasium, am!, while showing home simple performance on a low crossbar, dropped about four or live feet on the mattress. By some peculiar wrenching of tho neck he cracked tho flfth cervical bone and compressed the spinal cord. From that moment on the whole of tho body below tho neck was completely insensible; nor could ho move a single muscle, except to contract two fingers on each hand. Ho had to call the at tendant to open tho hand. Ho was kept alive on milk, which was poured down his mouth, and his body was supported by floating it on a rubber sheet in a tub of water. His mind was perfectly clour; ho talked, read the dally papers, and even consulted his professor on reading a mathematical work. This contin ued for fourteen days. Ho then broke down and died on the sixteenth day after the fall. It seemed hardly possible that life should conthiuo and tho brain go on acting if the cord were severed, nnd yet tho post mortem examination showed plainly that tho cord was reduced to a mass of pus. A Had Horse. A writer in Haqier's Iluxar gives an illus tration of a kind of a horse not to buy. The main imperfections which horseflesh is heir to will bo found in the following catalogue: 1, Short arm; 2, ewe neck; u, hollow back; 4, hollow loin; S, weak gaskin; 8, spring halt; 7, thoroughpin; 8, curb; !), long cannon bone; 10, wind galls; 11, knuckled over; 13, quarter crack; U, broken down; 14, spring knoe; 15, narrow, straight shoulders. srW ijrv , don't nry him. . In the picture the figures aro marked near the defective parts named, so that each can be observed by the reader. It would perhaps be a service to one pur posing to buy a horse, w ho is not experienced and who has no experienced horse fancier ut hand to examine any horse offered with ref erence to the above list. If after careful examination he Amis tbtt none of tho imper fections appear, ho may be reasonably cer tain of getting a sound horse so far as the ex terior makeup is eoncerned. But even then there are others which cannot be laid down on a diagram. IVInd ss at Seed Cnrrlrr. At the recent meeting of the scientists at Cambridge Alfred Kussell VVallm-e, the Eng lish naturalist, read a paper on "The Winds ns a Sel Carrier in Relation to the Difficult Problems in Geographical Distribution." Some species of plants common in northern climates, many of them being in the Arctic flora, have a wide distribution in the sou-hem hemisphere. There aro five prominent causes of seed distribution: First, sea cur rents; second, birds; third, tvils of marsh plants adhering to tho foet of birds; fourth, sticky seeds which attach themselves to tho feathers of birds; flfth, wind. The power of the wind in transjtorting seeds Is not yet de termined, but there is evidence that it con transport light seeds to a (treat distance. Dust from the Java eruption a few years ago was found on the decks of vessels at 1.000 miles distant. Must of the northern plants introduced into the south are very light seeded ones, lighter than the dust. Whether or not w ind is the agency for trans porting these seeds, thnse evidences go to show that it at least has the power. An Arrldental Dliicovery. Since it has been dis.siver.xl that the sen. of heat, pain, cold, touch are independent. Prof. Herien has re-ently shown from vivi sectional experiments the intimate relation between cold and touch. An injury to the cortex of the brain that dertrnys the sense of touch in any region will usually also destroy the sense of rolL Cut in one rase cutting less deep than he had Intended he found that tbe sense of cold wns aUdidnxl while tuutof tou -h n m.uneat uninjured, proving that tb ultimate distinction between the brain eeutera of these two substance. 3 5 it Tim ENGINE-DIUYER. Away, away, or n!ht or day. Through solitude ur throus, With llghtittnir suit and tuuud'rlng weight I diun the rail along. Though flame doth fed my Iron steed, And shoot his nostrils firs. Yet give I relu or htm ru.Uain, Al sultetli lay desire. I eye with pride hit burnished side, Ull Joints and tliows of steel; 11 J spit its eai as throbbing deep Uii mighty iuUo 1 tccl. Gainst rock and hill I hear the slirlli iio-eoho of his scream; On air of morn 1 wutch upborne Ills breath behind mo stream. Around each curve his slightest swerv I measure to a hair; For danger neur I tmily poor At every tboruughfuru. A never loud, butsobcr-browed And thoughtful niun am I ; Few words 1 tuko to query inuka, Aud fewer to reply. For off my post, still upcrmost The thought doth Willi me lildc. That everywhere the lies 1 bear Of ull who with tae t itle. Who more, savo he that on the sea With wuve and temiHwt (driven, Needs Iu him sand, than lie whose hand The locomotive drUcs? Vol TIl'S ("OMPAMO Senator Kdiuiinds on I.ubor, Senator F.dmunds, in his address at the recent .State Fair in rinonl, spoke as fol lows in regard to the labor question: "American legislation nnd the efforts of American lawmaker. who aro really tho pcojiNe oui'ht ti be directed to tho utmost development of every variety of American production, and so to the improvement of the condition of the American laborer, and the American cmplo cr of labor of every kind, by giving that labor full employment .....i .'. i .... i ... .i !i i 1 micioae i c ai 1 1, aim o uie employ cu rt',l".v 111111 market. I lie Constantly I 11, ivs. He will hconi, a landholder; ins l wife and liiMrcn- -of the liit of whom he and il the second many own house. He will see the laboring man is not Otlght to have one w ill abide in hi-; that the liberty of j only the liberty to 'strike,' as the phrase is, but that it is the equal liberty not to strike : if lie does not wi-h to, and the liberty to work on in peace and safety if he thinks it for his interest so to do, while others may choose, as they have the perfect right to do, not to work upon the terms proposed, lie will learn that violence against the ad ministration of law, or unlawful coercion of any kind, exerted toward other work ingmcn or tow ard employers, arc crimes of the gravest character against all labor and the welfare of laboring men, upon whom the consequences of such things always finally fall more heavily than on any olhci class of society." It would be difficult to compact more good sense in an equal space. When labor organizations practically embody the prin ciplcs so well stated by Senator Edmunds, they will best consult the interests of labor, and at the same time give the general com ruuuity no just cause for complaint. Cslng the Spare Minutes. Alioy was employed in a lawyer's ofller, and he had the daily paper to amuse him- self with. I le ln-gun to study French, am nt the little desk became a fluent reader and writer of the French language. He accomplished this by laying aside the newspaper and taking something not so amusing but far more profitable. A coachman was often obliged to wnil long hours while his mistress made calls. lie determined to improve the time. II found a small volume containing the "Eclogues" of Virgil, but could not rend it, so he purchased a Latin grammar. Day by day he studied this, and finally mast ered its intricacies. Jlis mistress came he hind him one day as he stood by the horses waiting for her, ami asked hiiu what he was so intently reading. "Only a bit of 'Virgil,' my lady." "What! do you read Latin?" "A little, my lady." Shu mentioned this to her husband, who insisted that lavid should have a teacher to instruct him. In a few years David became a learned man, and was lor many years a useful and beloved minister of Scotland. A boy was told to open end shut the gates to let the teams out of an iron mine, lie sat on a log all day by the side of the gate, Sometime an hour would pass be fore the teams came, and this he employed so well that there was scarcely any history that escaped his atteutiou. I le began with a little book on English history that he found on the road. Having learned that thoroughly, he borrowed of a minister Goldsmith's "History of Greece." The good man became greatly interested in him, and loaned him books, and was often seen sitting by him on the log, conversing with him about the people of ancient times. Boys, it will pay to uso your lcis ure hours. Northw estern Advocate. A 1'eruvlHii i:uiitiiinlie. An earthquake at Arica in Peru is thus de.scrilx'd by Gen. 1'lcasonton; "The peo ple of that alllictcd country have been shaken up so often that they have no diffi culty in recognizing an earthquake by sight. Rut the last one was recognized long before it could be seen. It came more slowly than any of its predecessors so slowly that all the people hud time to run out of their little one story adobe housci into the plaza, where they fell prone on their faces. When the earthquake got there it carried the ground up Just like a wave. The jx-ople lying in the plaza fell just as you do when a big wave rolls under you on the beach. Those who luy in the trough of the wave, so t sjieak. were ull right; but those who went upon the (rest of the wave fell into where it broke and wero buried alive. It was all over iu a minute." "I am afraid, Hobby," said his mother, "that when I tell your papa what a naughty boy you've la-en to-day, he will punish you severely." "Have you got tc tell him?" asked Hobby, atiioilly. "Oh, yes; I shall tell him immediately after din ner." (The look of con ern umii Hobby's face diTjened, until a bright thought struck him.) "Well, tun," he said, "give him a litter dinner than usual. You might do that much for uic"-Harp r s Haur. Carriages, Buggies, Phaetons, AND THK BEST Road Cart MADE. laTar! sad examine onr bis iux-k ni gel prices before buylnjr KokI cr from $38.0 to 60 00. FACTORY", oas weal nf Duntuttlr. blosk OTTAWA, ILLS NEUSSL'S MAIN STREET, West of La Salle Street, (wrath tide,) OTTAWA, ILLINOIS. tcior d keep routtsntlx on hand s Isrsje snd well selected stock of DRUGS AND CHEMICALS. All tbe sew aud popular Paten Medicines, Kxtiarta ni Spices fur oaltnarr Perfumery, Brushes, and Fancy Articles for the Toilet Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Window G'ass, &c. Particular Attention (riven to the (-omponndln of Physiciann Pt 'Rcription of rvr -j (1 !LjKnA tfV Were AIslJC&s ou,c Stoii Instead of.bcin bfautfas nbW . T. m V cfoolisfjJrVsAinaid Jrisirictidf Bur 7zovoryooTJo tn&Kcyzu rwire 'Will be atj edsy irer uire. W$ I Wdsu W with Cfntas 5tfil , " -Rc7n Id hirn ndWh7lh. tJc? xndW! . W - A-V " IK'C.'fc " ' VJ 'rl.,.vAll fa liPA AeYibht 1 airty;)o7fe And.TTjilrcis';d3Sf Tcr ceiT2sirzA every &ftjf h&Ql., WHO 18 U N ACQUAINTED WITH THE OLE BT KAAIVIIISIriU . XVV A XlvnrmotljsjKLXAL4 i A 'a r -', T. f--v : . . .. CHICAGO. ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC R'Y sr m m m sw sr m sv m m -ss - - By reason of ita centTal position, close relation to principal Unes East of Chic a and contmuous linea at terminal points West Northwet-. and Southwest-ia the only truemldrtlo-link in that transooutmental system which tnvitpa and facU itatea travel and traflio in either direcUon between the AUantio ad Pacific. The Koek Island main line and branches include Chicnroohet, Ottawa, L Salle. Peoria, Ocneseo, Moline and Rock Island, in Illinois; davenport, Musca tine, Vaahinton. Fairfield. Ottumwa, Oakaloosa, West Liberty, Iowa C-Uy Des Moines, Indianola. Winterset. Atlsjitic, KuoxviUe, Audubon. Harlan, Guthrie) OenU-e and Council Blaffa, in Iowa; Oaliatin. Trenton. St. Joseph. Cameron and Kansas City, in Miasouri; Leavenworth and Atchison, in Kansas. Albert ; Lea, MbmeapoUa and SU Paul, in MUneaota; Watertown in Dakota, and hundred of intermediate cities, towns) and villages. THE GREAT ROCK ISLAND ROUTE STh exnerienre nroved valuable. Ita pracucai operauou yuii-c. w. "r "2r ical-ita discipline atrict and exactin. Uon.iB unenualed in the . We-t-unaurpas.ea .V"tlamnnrl Riv(.P n,nt of comfortable DAY COACHES, majrnlficent PULLMAN rT.Tl. and SLEEPING CABS, elegant DINlNO CARS P"", -between Chicago, St. Joeuh, Atchiaon and Kaoaaa Csty-restful BJECLLNIl CHAIR CARS. THE FAMOUS ALBERT LEA ROUTE la the direct, favorite line between Chicago and Minneapolis and St. Paul. Over this rout solid Fast Express Trains run daily to the summer rort. P"" localiUes and hunting and fishing grounds of Iowa and MinaeMt nca wheat fields and grazing lands of Interior Dakota are reached via Watertown. A short desiratTTrou'te. via Seneca and Kankakee, offers pior "" to travelers between Cincinnati. IndianapoUs. Lafayette and Council J"t Joseph. Atchison, Leavenworth, Kansas City, Minneapolis, St. Paul and inter- mAlitcls2iSof patrons, especially famlUe. ladies and chudren. receivs .from officials and employes of Rock Island trains protection, respectful courtesy an t For I?krt?. Folder. -obtainable at all principal Ticket Office, in ths United State, and Canada or any desired Information, address, R. R. CABLE. E. ST. JOHN. E. A. HOLBROOK. Prw t & Gm'I sl f-r, Chicsg. Au't Gss'l M g'r, Ctucago. Gen I Tkt. L P, 6' DRUG STORE, -ft"' - t ru hCAP V SOAP ivl 1.1" OEOCRAPHV Or THIS COUNTRY, WILL inismAr, iriMi inB The luxury or ita paasenser acvuuuwu.- . m am if' SANTA'Cl-AUS I