Virginia statesman. [volume], August 27, 1828, Image 2

About Virginia statesman. [volume] (Wheeling, Va. [W. Va.]) 1828-1829

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bim tlie 21 sc of May, and was my nm'qprity for saying it appeared, by your own hand I
writing, that vour two proportions <J tlie first payment were 1S5S 90; and for saying
yr»u wrote at six months oiler the date of the purchase ot tlie negroes, and your first
navment to Epperson. Now sir, I knew nothing about the amount of your first pay
ment, (ami never said 1 did except from vour own statement above quoted, and now
trom the additional statement of Horace Greene. Hut it will not do for you to rely
uoonany private memorandum or agreement of vour own, in contradiction of these
Statements, unless youcandidly develop the whole matter, bring back all your books
and pn|>crs, which you have withdrawn from bank with so much trepidation, find re
lease tin* Dank cheers from all obligations of secrecy, so that we may have a full view
of this transaction, as well as of some others perhaps of a similar kind. It has been
,a,d indeed, that the $929 15, spoken of in the memorandum, as paid by you to
Epperson, might have been the expenses attending the attempt to sell the negroes,
ascertained and refunded by you after they were brought back. Miserable subterfuge!
That amount sir, you know full well, was paid by you to Epperson, three days after
the alleged date of the contract for the purchase of the negroes, and the above memo
randum conclusively shows, that Coleman was to pay a sum almost precisely equal.
JJv idding together tlie three sums, $*>13 39. 191 33, and 125, we have the amount
of $929 72. which is 27 cents more than the sum paid by yourself. Greene likewise
paid a similar amount; and he tells us distinctly, that he |Ktid one third, and that the
balance, as he understood w as paid by Captain Coleman and General Jackson. It is
possible, indeed, that the aggregate sum thus advanced, may have paid not only the
first instalment to Epperson, but also sundry expenses attending the transportation;
such as the purchase of a boat, provisions, Arc. &c. this is the more probable, as it is
stated m the memorandum, that $125 oi the amount paid by Coleman, was lor a boat*
1? it if is quite unnecessary for me to puzzle myself about the details of these transac
tions; it is enough that you arc conclusively established as a negro dealer, not as se
curity. for the idea is perfectly ridiculous, but us a partner in the truuaction.— Vou
were solicited to bo a secirity for Coleman and Greene, in the purchase of the cot
ton and tobacco, but would not. on account of the magnitude of the risk, consent to
lend your cap fal and credit unless admitted as a partner, and Mr. Greene, one of your
firm, says that although nothing special was said about the relation you were* to occu
py in the negro speculation, lie considered you as standing “in the same situation as
ip the purchase of the cotton and tobacco/’ tor the very obvious reason, that your
credit enabled the firm to make the purchase; and he might have added tlie still more
conclusive circumstances, that you signed tlie contract as a partner, and actually paid
down in cash one third part of the amount, required m advance. It is perfectly ridic
ulous, indeed, for vou :o expect to escape the odium of this transaction by represent
ing yourself as a security and not -a principal. N ou paid vour money, risked your
credit, signed your name to a contract, drew hills, gave notes, wrote checks, anil af
terwards purchased out the interest of vour partners, became yourselfsole owner, went
to the lower country, and finding yourself unable to sell them to advantage, you brought
part of the objects of vour speculation back with you, passed the Choctaw agency in
triumph, and afterwards, no doubt, disposed of them in some other way, as you admit
you sold the greater part of them. Is it not then a pitiful story to say you w ere not a
voluntary agent in those transactions? You were a security forsooth; and how do
you attempt to prove a thing so improbable and absurd? Not bv your friend, who
was himself concerned in tlie transaction. He says you refused to be a mere security,
and insisted on being a partner !! That your credit enabled the firm to make the
purchase, and that he Understood, you advanced your proportion (one third) of the
purchase money. How tlien do you attempt to prove your ridiculous tale? 'Hie only
particle of proof offered by you, is an alleged copy of a memorandum of your own,
contradicting all vour other memoranda and exhibited only to a few of your chosen
Confidants, If you are so ready to refer to a part of your documents, why are you not
equally ready to expose them all? Why have you not candidly exhibited all your books
and papers, which cannot fail to discover how the transaction really was, and bold
ly rdled uj»on friend and foe to come forward and examine them? Me should tlien
see when the payment was made to Epperson, which, l assert, was three days after
the alleged date of your agreement. On the contrary, you have hurried all your do
cuments aw ay to your private desk, where they remain carefully concealed; and in
the vain hope of preventing the production of evidence, you have taught your printers
Dot only to bmt “at the indignant flashing of your eye," but to attempt to intimidate
peaceable citizens by threats, on their part promptly t<> assail the private character of
any man who shall dare to give testimony unfavorable to you. What confidence then
under such circumstances, ran be reposed in this alleged memorandum, on the back
of vour agreement? Does it not rather create suspicions of something worse than has
hifhert been discovered? Hut sir, without dwelling longer on this point, I will call
your attention, and that of tlie American |»eople, to the following letter from a gentle
man whose high standing is well known to the citizens of Tennessee—a gentleman
not only above reproach in private life, but distinguished for his public services in tlie
Legislature of the state, and the Congress of the nation.
LacLlindy Jura 1 ith,
VOl. ASPRIW LilWIN,
Sir, In nns .vcr 10 y *ur letter, allr* . .i to me of the 06th «lt. making inquiry relative to wh it
knowledge 1 nave respecting Gen Andrew Jack -on’s bluing and selling mgrons for profit, and his
bringing negroes t'rom .Yit«-ii*z—in the vc:ir ISlIorlO, 1 understood that a Mr. Horace Greene,
took from N »>liv illt* a number ofnegr-** - to Natchez, for sale, and that those negroes were tho f rap
erf y of tin late Joseph C leinait of N Ce«. Andrew Jackson, anti said Horace Greene, (yet
I do not know this of mv own knowledge.; Sometime after / In nrd Cm. Jackson so ij be went
to Natchez, nr somewhere in that country, md hadbrought sn-d negro* - back to Tennessee; and a
boui that time, a Mr. Lhnsmore, the l . States igent tor the Choctaw nation of Indians, was in the
bahp of stopping ul] per-ous travail :ig thr- ugb said nation with a nc ;ro or negroes, who had not a
pr.ssport. The Central ob.-o rent, that he ii.nl take no passport, and on the morning he was to pass
the agenev, that he arm d tiro of hi'- mo t r solute n*«ro wc», and put them in front of his negroes,
and jaas ihemafderstoFIGHT THF.IR \\ AY. tjWi essa;»/. Iie farther oliserved a friend find
pui into his hand, the night before, or th it morning, i oood rijh : that when he came opposite the
agency, he directed lus negroes to g-»on to a branch and cat their breakfast—that he rode up to
the igencv, where he «jw several I i. u country men, inquiied I r Mr. Dinsinore, who informed
him Mr. Dinsmore was not there. hut from hums lie told them to tell Mr. Dinsinore he should
have been glad to have seen him; but he could not wait: *hat he was going on home with his nc
rhos. A fellow named John Amp. whom I raised, and teas sold by tat. thin Capt. John Itrahnn, to
the -jad Jos Coleman, was one of the negroes anned and put m front as the General then stated.
The .bovc is a true statement of what I h- .r.l General \ndrew Jackson s iy in N ish'illc, after his
return from Natchez. It may not b< the pr ,c w -r . but it i" the substance, to the best of my uow
reeoUoction.—I am, sir, yours, respe* fullv,
R. WEAKLEY.
It seems front this letter, that the purchase f*o:n Epperson was not the only negro
speculation in which your linn was concerned. You bought of John Hrahan, and
probably, «’f all the transactions could be brought to light, of several other persons.
But my m tin object in introducing the aliove letter, is to show your respect for the
laws and constituted authorities ol your country. \ on even boasted, it seems of hav
ing armed your negro slaves, in order to fight their way. if necessary, ratlu r than
to conform to tl»c regulations of government, and procure and produce a passport for
them. This sir, is perfectly consistent with your declaration, in your celebrated let
ter to G. VV. Campbell, about sweeping from the earth the invader of legal rights, and
involving Sjlas Dinsinore in tire flames of his agency houses Is this a spirit to Ik*
patronized and efiertshed by the people of the United States? Does this not also
explai. i the height and depth of your untiring, malignant persecution of nivself, who,
alone or nearly so, defended mv unsuspecting, |>oor, but honest neighbors, against
your swindling combination, to deprive them of their houses and homes, so fairly
and honestly bought and paid for by them, as set forth in transcripts from the records
by th** ‘•Tennesseean,” in his numbers two to seven, each included. Dinsinore was
threatened with consuming fire tor giving you the trouble of obtaining a passport,
m strict confurinity with the laws of tha country, and in the faithful execution of the
confidence repost! in him by government. My crime was of a deeper dye. I de
prived you ot' sw eepir.g three or four hundred thousand dollars w«*rth of my neighbors’
lauds into your own pocket, (by taking advantage of vour own agency, so well
described in Judge Anderson's letter in tho seventh number of the Tennesseean,) I
for which you had not paid one dollar; neither had your partner, 1\ H. Darby, who
got $5000 of the $10,000 you so unrighteously extorted out of the people, rather
than he longer harrassed by you and him. \ou also got 6 to >7000 worth of land
from me, for your individual benefit in said compromise, about which you have been
very silent; and art* vet—in open violation of that article of compromise—causing1
five or six of mv worthy, but poor neighbors’ to be harrassed with lawsuits; although
evc^y iota of the agreement has been complied with on our part. This accounts for
the per >etuul torture I have undergone for ten years by your printers, partizans, de
pendents and ex, < tant>. and particul .rlv for my present persecution here and else
where, by co-workers in the fire side business, Eaton and Calhoun, who used
Wirt's official character for vour special benefit. I do not positively say knowingly
on his part. I< a man to be elevated to the Presidency, who wall not only resist,
himself, the constituted authorities of the country, and boast of his arms as his only
passport, hut will e\en encourage his negro slaves in rebellion, and order them to
tight their way, and if resisted to spill the blood of respectable freemen, engaged in
the discharge of public duties!!
I will now ask your attention to the following brief extract from a letter written by
you to a gentleman on business, not in liauk) and dated Hermitage, March 20th,
••llivi ig to attend W i»*n circuit court, it -.vill not be in my power to be in NaJivillo next
m I am very nut' ll engaged to arrange mv business, so that I can leave home on the trip
Vi/A my negroes for sal if'
I he letter containing the above sentence is in vour own hand writing, and is
signed ANDREW JACKSON.
I shall not trouble myself to conjecture w hether it relates to some of the same ne
groes purchased of Epperson, by the firm of Coleman, Greene and Jackson, or whe
ther it refers io another speculation. It is enough to show*, at any rate, that you did
not hesitate to speak freely at that timeot your being actually engaged in negro traffic.
Nor is it necessary to dwell upon a dispute between yourself and Epperson, which
*as referred to the arbitration of Judge Haywood and Judge Overiou, .espcCung a
rro fellow you bought for the express purpose of selling to Kenner
.WOrleans, expecting to obtain for him the enormous sum ot ^2000. providal >ou
could procure the certificate of D. Moore, and others, as to his icing a J ,.
*mith. You no doubt, recollect the circumstances of that case; and notwithstanding
tie reluctance which may be felt, to encounter unnecessarily the in tg ft • S
vt your cue” something can be produced in relation to it, m your own tan w i &
l.kewise, if it should be found expedient to recur again to the threadbare topic.
I have already made this communication so long, that I will only troui
rresem with one other little document, relative to another instance ot negro ra ■
vdiich y ju were concerned. The writer of this letter is a respectable citizen o ^
county, and he is well supported by the records of a controversy about this same g
ii court, of many years standing, in the names ofJackson and Hutchings vs. Kol o'-*
The following is Mr. Blythe’s letter to a friend. ^ ^ ^ mk. 1P38.
Sir: In mplv to vour inquiry as to my knowledge of Gen. Jackson being
nd st-Miu.r .-'vL I i ill briefly state, that about the year 1*05 or b. Gen. Jackson and a Mo Hutch
- (hi, u-phew bv marriage) had a store in Gallatin. Abort that time
Hull”’ ;.i a to on, bon. and st-m him to the lower country to self I he negro had been yr m
• bauds of Dr. 'Rollings to cure a sore leg. and was sold by Rollings to them, with a know I
; tie. bv both parties of the tact, as 1 understood at the tune. Some time afterwards I hadI bee
„ th. ()hto, and on nw return bv the way of Sn.ithland l came to the place culled the Hum
| . r l. below Edwillc, where boats were compelled to stop bv reason of low water, where I sa
... negro above alluded to. in t binje, on his return from the lower country, where thej
,ri ibl« to sell him, bv reason of his log breaking out afresh. hen t.ic negro came ‘
,. r under Dr. War'd, and died. Jackson and Hutchings sued Rollings for a iraud in nc rrr the
:.,it was pending several years, and tinaUy decided in favor of Rollings. I was aummooed as a vrn
; ti c .se I have hear l that there were other slant purchased by Jackson and Hu d. gs
,ind sent to the lower country for sale: hut ,it is so lung since, that I do not now rico »- *> „ '
,r particular case th tn the one named; and this is impr on my memory trom the circumstance
,,f the long and vexatious lawsuit to which Dr. Rollings wa* subjected, and the other tacts related
i ;is ubo\c. Kespccttull) j ouis, ^ pj y^jJE
It will be clearlv seen that you have by vour manner ot treating this subject, given
it much more consequence than it really deserves. Y ou have greatly enhanced the
magnitude of your otic rices against the moral sense ot the community by the scnsi
tivencss which vou have displayed, by the prevarication, shuttling asid misreprestn-j
ration which have been resorted to, in order to avert from you the character ot u negro
trader. But, sir, bon sty and plain dealing, after all, are the best policy. 1 Ins
course enables meu to go ahead fearlessly, (even in the tare of such enemies as 1 have
to encounter,) who are not desperadoes under the discipline of a mob ami riot aris
tocracy, a principle never countenanced by a brave man, a moral man, nor a man
who has anv regard for the rights of others and the mild precepts recommenced in
holy writ. Such men are inoffensive and law-abiding, and consider themselves ac-j
countable to whoever they may happen to injure or ofiend by the laws ot their country,
of their church, or of society, iri an open and a manly way, and none other. I noy j
require no vaults to conceal their crimes on this side of the grave, to which vve are
all on our passage. And sutler me, in return, for the unauthorized liberties yourscll
and your weakTinexperienced, and deluded young printers here, and your aspiring j
partisans of higher pretensions, to whom 1 have alluded, elsewhere, have tan', a \ut:i
me; to tell you and them, that every attempt to conceal or misrepresent the occur- (
rences with which you arc connected, is a serious injury to you and your cause. ^ 'k ou
should show bv your practice as w ell as vour professions, that you arc incapable ol j
mancDuvcring to avoid responsibility. itness vvliat lias befallen you by denying
that you made anv advances of cash to Richard Epperson, for those negroes, and the
introduction of your own certificate attested J. A. upon your own agreement to buy
iiegrocs. which v ou consider conclusive; when the fact is, it is conclusive against
you, as three ckivs after the date, your payment to Richard Epperson for $929,45,
w hich you stated, six months after, was made for that express purpose, renders your
own certificate null and void to all intents and purposes, and places you before the
American people in a new dress, which i would not wear for ten times as many bubbles
as have been floating about you, and the favor of all your aiders and abettors in
concealing your crimes.
Now sir, you ought to have hau some knowledge, and certainly nau, ot me nrimc
glass house in w hich you live, before you permitted your irresponsible Editors to throw
stones at every window which was not thrown open to illuminate your path to the
Presidency. How did you expect your declaration of war against me, brought forth
l»v your celebrated biographer of Tirnbcrlako memory, was to pass on without an ef
fort on my part to place truth in opposition to falsehood? In that I have succeeded
and 1 wish never to be put to the trouble again.
I confess your superior skill in blood and carnage, and, when displayed against
the enemies of our country you have alw ays had my hearty approbation. \\ bother
tin' result of fortuitous circumstances or of generalship, it has been the same to the
country, yet I must confess the recital of the slaughter of John Woods, (w ho was in j
your general order accused of previous desertion, which I know to lie untrue, by the
express words of his captain and many other men ol first rate character for integrity
and truth,) tarnishes your military fame, in my estimation, very much indeed, and
cannot fail doing so in that of others. Lastly, f never had a slave brought before me for
offending, against whom 1 gave an unmerciful sentence, such as you are said to have
done at or near your own jireside at the I lerniitage, of late, in tin* attempt to execute
which, it is said vour own slave was killed, and all hushed up without any proceed
ings in court against the man, who, it is said, in executing your order, or on the
wav to do it. killed said glare. Now, sir, U is possible you may have some prepa
ration for washing the blood of this human being from the escutcheons of the Her
mitage. but as there is no Hank secret about this matter, and 1 have been written
to on the subject, and must still |>rcsunie you above concealment unless in bank
m atters, it is quite as important tottie American people, to know the truth about this
afiair. as it was that Mr. Wirt should be duped into a false report against me, on
er parte Testimony procured by your wire-workers, Eaton, Calhoun and Clarke, m
1^2‘J, which was proved totally false in the very place where all the facts in the case
were known, in ls*>j, and again brought into use against me, when in retirement in
{-J"*, for your special benefit, and theirs also, as we all know you sink or swim to
g ther on your late violent South Carolina resolutions. It is with you to say w hen this
organized persecution against me shall cease. I will defend against it until you cause
it to cease. You began it of choice, if you have been benefited by it, your object is
answered.
ANDREW ERWIN.
*v,A. A rv
-—
Brilliant Affair.—Colonel Napier in his account of the passage of Somosierrn, in j
Spain, mentious the follow ing interresting incident us that which eflected the object. '
“At daybreak,” says he, “three French battalions attacked St. Juan’s right, three \
more assailed his left, and us many marched along the causeway in the centre, six,
guns supporting the last column. 'I he French wing soon spread ouir the mountain ■
side, and commenced a warm skirmishing fire. At this moment Napoleon arrived,
lie rode into the mouth of the pass, and attentively examined the scene before him.;
The infintrv was making no progress; a thick fig, mixed with smoke hung upon the
ascent; suddenly as if by inspiration, he ordered the Polish lancers of his guard to'
charge upon the causeway, and seize tlic Spanish buttery. The first squadron was (
thrown into confusion, bv a fire which levelled the foremost ranks. Gen. Krazinski
rallied them in a moment, and under cover ot the smoke, and the thick vapors of
the morning, the regiment, with a fresh impetus, proceeded briskly up the mountain,
sword in hand. As those gallant horsemen passed, all the Spanish infantry fired,
and fled lrora the entrenchments on each side,towards the summit of the causeway:]
so that, w hen the Poles tell in among the gunners and took the battery, the whole
Spanish armv w as in flight, abandoning arms, amunition, baggage and a number of
prisoners. This surprising exploit, in the glory it conf rred on one party, and the. dis- ]
grace it heaped upon the oilier, can hardly be paralelcd in the auals of war. It is in
deed, almost incredible, even to those who are acquainted with Spanish armies, that a
position, m itself nearly impregnable, and defended by 12,000 men, should, without
any panic, but merely from a deliberate sense of danger, be abandoned at the wild
charge of a few squadrons, which two companies of good infantry would have effect
ually stopped. \ et some of the Spanish regiments, so shamefully beaten here had
been \ ictorious at Bavlen a low months before; and General St. Juan’s dispositions
at Somosierra were far better than Hedmg’s at the former battle; but thus absolutely
does four tune govern in war! The charge of the Poles, viewed as a simple military
operation, yvus extravagantly foolish, hut taken as the result of \uj>oleon’s sagacious
estimate of the real value of Spanish troops, and. his promptitude in seizing the ad
vantage c>tl* red by the smoke and fog that clung to the side of the moruitaiu, it was a
felicitous example of intuitive genius.”
—■ ■ .. ■
MOSES S WARTS.
From the Providence, (R. I.) Journal.
The annals of swindling do not furnish a more accomplished rouge than Moses
Swarts. It will he remembered by our citizens that he visited this town a short
time since, and succeeded in defrauding captain C hilds, in an expert manner, out of
an inconsiderable sum of money. Honorable notice has already been taken of him
in the Warren Star. When we hear of such a character as Moses Swarts, it be-‘
comes the duty of those who conduct the public press to present him fairly to the
public, and to caution the People against being ensnared by his fraudulent practices.
Swarts yvore a Jew ish beard, extending down to his breast, and was chd in the He
brew costume. Although a stranger in this place, and pretending to be one in the
country, it nowf appears that he yvas known at the South: that at Baltimore, but a
short time before, lie had succeeded in cheating a gentleman of respectability out
of a large sum of money’, and not thereyvith content, had subjected him to criminal
prosecution, which terminated in the conviction of an innocent man. The facts of
this aggravated case have been thus represented to us. Swarts. with a companion
as worthier as himself, obtained a loan
from a gentleman in New York, of six or
seven hundred dollar?, on pledge of a gold
snuff’box, set with diamonds, and some
strings of pearl of some value. The snuff
box was cased in a w ooden fancy box; and
sealed in a buckskin bag, stamped with
Swart’s initials in Hebrew characters. If
the box was not redeemed in six months it
became absolutely the pro|»ertv of the
pawnee. From New York Swarts went
to Baltimore, having first sent by water,
several large boxes, to ap|>carunce filled
with dry goods, on which he had effected
insurance. On these boxes he atternped
to raise money, pretending also, that he
expected by an arrival from Europe, prop
erty in diamonds, peat Is, Ac. ot immense
value. He offered the merchant, to whom
lie applied for the loan, to secure him on
the boxes of goods, or, if he preferred it.
on a gold snuff’ box set with diamonds,
which afterwards proved to be the identi
cal one pawned in New \ork. After as
certaining the value of the snuff box, the
merchant, whose name was /?. A/, tinker,
advanced Swarts the money, and the snuff'
box, enclosed as before stated, was, in the
presence of witnesses, delivered in pawn.
Mr. Anker and two or three other per*
sons saw the snuff* box deposited in the
buckskin bag and sealed up. It proved,
however, to be a delusion: for a tin box
was substituted in the place of the gold
one, which was retained by Swarts. In
the evening, Mr. Anker imagined that his
treasure was not as heavy as it appeared
when he took it from Swarts; he went to
Swarts and requested him to take bark the
box and gi\e him up his money, whereup
on Mr. Anker had the box opened in the)
presence of a magistrate, when, to his as
tonishment, he found his suspicion renl-j
ized, and that lie had been jewed. lie
sued the Jew, and held him to IkiiI.—
Snarls thereupon procured Anker to be
indicted tor cheating him out of the snuff
box, and on the testimony he was able to
procure, Air. Anker, a respectable mer
chant was convicted, fined five hundred
dollars and sentenced to nine months im
prisonment. Previous to his visiting this
town his villanies were detected. Air. An
kers innocence fully established and
Swarts evaded the punishment of the law
by living from its officers.
Swarts is now in the country, travel
ling from place to place seeking whom he
may defraud. It is a great pity he could
not bo brought to justice. Such wretches
ought not to be permitted to prowl and dep
redate on society.
Physical, Cu*i7 and moral Power of flic
Went.—(From the Quarterly Journal of
the American Education Society.)
Physical Power.—By the Western
states we mean to include those which are
situated between the Alleghany and Rocky
Mountains, and are watered by the Missis
sippi and its tributaries. The Territories
of Michigan and Arkansas contain 528.
(XX) square miles. It is only fifty years
since the first English settlements, west of
the Alleghany were made in Kentucky.
At various periodssince, settlements have
been made in most of the States belonging
to the Western division. Thirty-eight
years ago the entire white population, of all
these States amounted, us we have said,
hv actual computation, to scarcely 150,(MM)
making a little over seven persons to a
square mile. Their ratio of increase has
been not fur from one hundred per cent.
The ratio will probably diminish as tlx
country' grows older, and those checks of
population increase which ever exists in
long settled States. But it is hazarding
little to say, that in 1850, the Western
States w ill contain a larger population than
that ofthe other great division of the United
States.
i): their capability to support a popula
tion equal in density to Massachusetts, no
doubt can be entertained.
The number of persons to a square mile
iu Massachusetts is70. By recurring to
the number of square miles in the Western
‘States, it will he seen that with a popula
tion equal in density to Massachusetts,
they will contain 31,9(10,000 inliabitants.
The effective military force of a population
ol 10,000,000, may safely he estimated at
1000,000. When, therefore, the Western
States shall contain a population equal iu
density to Massachusetts, their effective
military force will he nearly 4,000,000—
an army superior to that which can be
brought into the field by the Autocrat of
Russia. The above estimate is undoubted
ly much to low. A moment’s reflection
will satisfy any one, that the Western
Mates arc capable of sustaining a much
larger population, who takes into consider
tion the salubrity of their Climate— the ex
tent and fertility of tlieir sod—the richness
of their mines—the facilities they have for
working them; and the great navigable riv
ers and tributary streams by which the,
are watered, suited either for manufactur
ing establishments, or for the purpose ot
commercial enterprise and activity.
In the preceding remarks, no regard has
been paid to the unorganized territory be
longing to foe United States in the \ alley of
the Mississippi. When therefore these
immense regions between the Allegheny
and the Rocky Mountains shall be filled
with a population equal in density to Mas
sachusetts, their physical power will be
greater -ban that ot foe mightiest Nation
now inexistence.
Lied Patecr.—By civil power is here
meant that influence which any division of
our Country possesses in the National
Councils. 1’roceedmg, then, upon the cal
culations laid down iu the tables published
i n anotiier pan of the present number of the
Journal, it will hr* seen that the Civil Pow
er ot fot> Nation will soon be wielded bv
foe People of foe West. Divide the Uni
ted Mates into/owr part.*—Northern Mid
dle, Southern and \V estern. The present
number of Reprocniahvcs hr i\
from each of the divisions, jg , f*
Northern 39—Middle tTT—SouthJ^^^
Western -16. Whole number of
sentativcs from the first three division??*
From the last 56. Undcr the prc8 ' "
ulations ot the apportionment for a R ^
sentative is 40.000. According t0
calculations which can l>e made, itT
certained that, in 1*50, the pop’uhi *
the Northern, Middle and Southern T'
ions of the United States will be 11 ;>?
705—while that of the Western di^
will be 11,424,550. Should the rat'*/
apportionment be the same then as a, *
sent, the first three divisions will hiv. V
Representatives, and the Inst 269; |eav ’
the balance of power in favor of the
The apportionment in future will, nod<
he much larger than at present; but y
the principle ofequal representation,
ever the apportionment maybe. theue,^
of influence possessed by the West wju
! the same. In a little more than
years, therefore, the Western States n
have a majority in Congress; and m :Z
years that majority will be ovcrwhel^
Of course they w ill be able to control o
the measures of tire General Goveroo Z
which are of great National importance.
.Moral Power.—Now, when we
that the Western States, according t0!^
lowest estimate, arc capable of sustain*
a population of more than 36,000,000. w
feel that their Moral Power must be;;:
either lor Good or Evil, in proportion
Intelligence or ignorance, Virtue or v1Ct
prevail among their citizens. WV |Ui!
before shewn that, in 1S>0, they will j ,,
a majority in Congress; and it is well kr. *r
that the character of a Representative eve
corresponds w ith that ot his coostitueat
If the people are industrious and virtuous,
then their Representatives will bo rnem(
great spirit. But ifignorance, liceatk*.
ness of manner, and a disregard ofreb
gious obligation, prevail in the commu*
ty, the reckless demagogues and ebande*.
ed profligates w ill sit in the sacred lu!lc{
legislation; and ambition, and st*lf-aggn>
dizement, and the love of power wiU uin
place of patriotism and public spirit, 1
ail unshaken attachment to the best inu>
ests of the nation. Where such a state cf
society exists, the elective franchise wind
is the peculiar glory of America, will be
come one of its deadliest scoui gea. NV
thing, therefore, can prevent a dissoluii*
of the Union, uud save our free rind hap^r
institutions from utter subversion, but}*
riotisrn and intelligence, directed, unu*
ted, and controlled by the purest nmralpro
ciples, nervadiug all classes of die people
at the West.
From the .Yiff York Journal of ('onmtrtt.
THESl'Y UNMASKED.
Mi s-rs. J. iV J. Harper have r- couth puKU i
under this till** a volume which uchaterd
with considerable interest, u» we do * v«r> t: .
w hich adds to the history of the A meriouRts*
lutioti. >
Mr. II. L. H iriium, the author of the w\di;:l
appears w as much taken with the chantv* 4
I l.irvy Bncli. as delineated in Mr t o< |.i r'*ii - l
, untied iIn taU
ascertaining tlt.it the origin d Sp> wa- -m1i.<?<
in WcMohist* r county of this state, Mr. H fit
him a viol, and learned trout his own mouth.da
particular-* el (he part he took .n the Uaiititu*
„f our Revolutionary struggle. .Mr. Ii. lu-* ' j
dmglv brought before the public a historical dm
.uteri in place of the fictitious one, iu tius vul u
entitled “7'Ac ,s7 ’<j Fnmaskul-, or mvmoinefb
NOCH ( *rosb t •
The singular part which Crosby acted in tb
Tragedy of our devolution, is now rescued bm
riit* < bseurity of fiction; the .Spy is unmaslu«, ’>i
Enoch t r . bv now stands forth in/mipriapa**:
the mail wh" encountered d.uigcr* arid diltiu***
of an extraordinary nature, and submitted Ujfr
j riacli and degradation that be might k-neU
country.
Enoch ( robbv fr»tcommenced hi* c-.nrr..j
public service by'joining the . rmy underOr*t
Slontgomery in the attack on (Quebec; in ,:« *‘
lure of which he ■ uflered alike u ill* other* >n a*
unfortunate expedition. His term of miW
pired and he returned to his home in Ito'
county; but the troubles and distrertr** ■*
country increased. The cflemy bad uk't*!7
session of the city of Mew ^ork, and
theirmilit.itry force nonliward into Mo't» •*
County, when Cro-by deti rmtried to *-h'»o!d'rt»
musket and rejoin the standard of lii» r lB^
He was tin n *27 fund is now 71)) years o
author of the Spy Unmasked gnus luin ta ^
lowing character: “Active, athletic and usiTsS
lyirdnps, he determined not to indulge in n>. u
nus ease, while his countrymen were in sf*'1
defence of their rights and libcrii'ti * *
persons of every age sex and CondltioCi
cheerfully submitting to unexampled pm«t *•
for the sake of political freedoai. H<- 'I**
i* umd hi' kupsaelt, ilwnldind
altd once more bidding adieu to the iwals
of Kent (then in Dot she.-®, now id I uUi-tr1 t
be bent bis course towards the litad
the Ain< re an uriu>."
unhn w ay unuier no in.iucwwj .. ,
a T'irt, and knowing tlmr« w*te ^
that«I t.-H reaily to join the enemy mi •*f
then country Ins conceived « des*gu «
ting their plons. Accordingly | 'itnng c*
mask et a friend to the l?riti»h, he
the lore, ijn<i it inlfuduftd tothcJwttt utfT
of a company forming to join the encmio J ^
I meric,1; after a.-c« naming their ph not ,Tr(>
he found an *»ppor unity of nnk n; thnt rr
known to the friend* of liberty, and ih*T
company were mu rounded in the if >t rrtp * I
rendezvous and made prisoners. . ^ J(
He ra in aged the atfnr with «*o mrb^^
i ulrmin. -s 1,1it on lieiog introduced to tk '
I aiitUeof wfety «|' Wt^idtrUcf c^ZPi °* tr^
| tiie now vcn' Table John J - V was cluz-n* * ^
hv was prevailed upon to ont* r the tw t * ^
' of hw country in-’« id of joining a* a I*'1*1* ^
j»!nr. Accordingly b ing equipped as ‘ c' '
[ shoemaker, w i;U a jvack *»n In* hat* he t. ^
about the country seeking for tow "■'*
uito the de-itgu* of the enemy. H*
another company of Tories, end having H ^ /
formation of their place of fended ‘115 ’ ^
the lone they would mjr< h to j‘’iu
they were unrounded at r iglit by ‘ . mrak'"
Hangers and hiinv -lf md a!! tie- rest ' ’ i
They were conducted to Fishkill, an* M t ' jm
hut the comftiiuoe of safety who werB
the hi ret, sutler l fro*by to •--cap*- \ort!> **. t
Ho w ;u utvt employed to cr*** ’n'*/ ^ !
er into Orange couuty and p* »i* trat« ' ^
of the tones in that part or the cuui<!,7*
awhile he a-*c-rnned that there 4
ofBedr aacretiv recruiting •» cviupafy •K.a,
vice of the enornv, anti that ho w as • * v ^
a den a mens the highlands neir< oM ‘,Ji
he v/rra visited and.»,,,pl*ht*d by cvrtaia ^
Alkr omtiditalife fljtneufiies. our >* •
cc^sful inmgrati itiug biu«*e!f into t ^ £
tfirve tor**, w» introduced to the r* *
< er and joined hi< company.