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f UBLtSlIED DAILY AND TRI-WEEKLY DY _ The ALEXANDRIA GAZETTE,lor the country, 13 printed on Tuesday, Thurs day, and Saturday. terms: The Daily Pancr is htrnished for S3 per annum—payable half yearl y. The Country Paper (tn-'vcc!?ly) is Tarnished for •$5 per annum—payable in advance. No subscription is received from the country, un less accompanied by the cash, or by a respon sible name. SATURDAY MORNING Jcr.v 25, HI). SPEECH or THE HON. WILLIAM M. Mc'JAItTY, OF VIRGINIA, Delivered in the Hone of Representatives, June 2S/A, 131\ On the hill entitled “ An act to provide fir the collection, safe-keeping, transfer, and dis bursement of the public revenue.’1—Mr, Banks, of Virginia, in the Chair, [cosc.’.vnsn.] \!r. Chairman, it was m May, 1337. tTint the Banks stopped specie payments It was then that that favorite and venal measure of the ‘Union of Bank and State.’ which had been so eagerly Ibrmtd by the ; Executive Go- l vernment,* was dissolve.!. Then thr? cry nf Divorce of Bank and State1 was homed lately j Bung throughout the land. In Gen. Jacks in's letters from the Hermitage, dated in July, ! 1337, which were published in the Globe, fie j charged the B: nks with ‘ base treachery and j jierfidyd In the same letters he said, 4 No-.v j h tlie time to separate t!i“ Government from all Banks.1 In other w >rd*, no'v is the time for the. Government Bmk, or the ‘Bank of the United States,’ which! recommended in mv three first Messages. But, in the same j letters, he proceeds to sav: 4 It has been, an ! ever will he, a cir\se to the Government, *.o have any entanglement or interest with either (Banks or the comm" ci il community) or more than a general superinten tin r cure o' a/.'.’&c. • I repeat, that I am proud to see tfie irm and j noble stand taken by the Executive Govern ment on this occasion.’ He said, too, that he . was ‘ pleased to discover that the Democracy j were uniting upon the plan to collect t!ie rove* ; nue, keep and dishurseit hv their oxen agents.’ i Again, he sail: ‘An!, Iron the conduct of • he Ij ink* and merchants, Biev deserve no favors from the Government while they have } attempted to disgrace and to destroy its ere lit both at home and abroad.* Now. Mr.C.hair man, wim was this pi in of t!te 1 Dem »cr icy of Numbers,’ as Genera! Jackson styled them, in another part of these letters? It was Bit same plan th it Genera! Jack *oa recommended, in his three first Messages to Congress, 'ns ft branch oi the Treasury Department. n i*> • the same plan whin!) Mr. Van Ruren. shortly after these letters from General Jackson were published la the Globe, presented to the ext-a Kession of September, 13)7, as a branch of idie > Treasury Department. It is t1 e same which j we are now discussing in th** House, fir the J fourth ti ne, ua !er all its false titles, and ti ider j ail their deceptive influences. It is the sum j. j which was reconmeu led in the Messages »•, j 1329 an 1 11M, when Mr. Van Ruren was m j General Jackson’* Cabinet; and bis fidelity 1 o ihe plan slii'ws bow f lithhj-V h? has foi-i lowed irr the ‘footsteps of his illustrious pro- j decessrr,' iu all that has destroyed the cur- . rency of the country. Again dl l Gen. JaCK- J son compliment this plan, shortly alter 5? w as i rejected at the extra session, in ?i letter dated j December 7th, W37, to his friend Moses Daw soil, the editor of a Van Ruren paper, iu Cin cinnati. So that we find that whenever tuis \ scheme lias been presented to ihe public, j (with but a solitary exception,) Geo. .Tack-sou j has recognized it as his own oll-pring, and j taken it to his bosom as such. Rut why, iJ j may be asked, did not General Jackson and ; hid party adopt it, when it was oil-red bv Gen. j Gorden as an amendment to the deposite bill| The reason they rejected it.at thuMime, was : »s I have always supplied, because Genera! ! Gordon's amendment, although tt coiRai w I j the obnoxious principle of this bill, vet it j wanted its rnamtoM details, an I, therefore, il did not Live them all they icar.ted. An ! J»e j cause, more especially, tiiev were not tnen j ready for it. They hid not yet destroyed the j State Ranks. Their experiment of Rank an I I State was then going on under t4ie orders an I j under the contracts of the President. The ; President had said, n the * manifesto,’ in \ which he expressed his 'final* determination ; to remove the denosites and place them in the j State Ranks: “ The President verify believes j that the Rank oftlie United States has not the power to pro luce the calamities its friends threaten. The fundi of the Government trill j not be annihilated by heinr transferred.— : They will he immediately issued for ihe b<\nc | ft of trade, and if the Rank of the United. States curtads its loins, the State D inks, j strengthened by the public depesdes, will e c ; tend theirs.” At the time, then, that General j Gorden's amendment was ottered, contracts j had been made by the ‘ Executive Govern- j inent,’ with the State Ranks, for the deposite ; of the public money. Mint was the nature! and character of these contracts? It will he seen, in two letters, addressed by the newly ; created Secretary to two Ranks, the one iu j Philadelphia, and the other in Portland. Sim- ‘ ilar letters were written ro many more Ranks,; an I similar ‘ circular instructions' sent t> j them ‘ Treasury Department, ) September, JiG, 1333. ) *:Sih: Tue Girard ban* rns oeen selected by tins Department as the depository of the x\ film money collected hi Philadelphia anti iis 1 vic nily, and the collector at Philadelphia will ban I you the form of a contract proposed to' be executed, with a copy of his instructions; iron thii» Department. In seleciii.g your in* ; stitution as one of the fiscal agents of the Go vernment, l not only rely on its solidi!v and established character, asoffording a sulfieient, guaranty for the safety of the public money entrusted to its keeping, hut I confide also i:» hr disposition to adopt the most liberal course which circumstances will admit, towards oili er moneyed institutions generally,and par* ticnlTrly to those in the city of Philadelphia. 1 *The deposites of the public money willj enable you to atlord increased facilities to commerce, and to extend youp accomtnoda-1 ticnsto individuals; aud, as the duties which ! are payable to the Government arise from the business aud enterprise of die merchants en gaged in foreign trade, it is hut reasonable * mat they should be preferred in the addition- ' ;s i a cco m tnoil a lions which the public depositee ; will enable your institution to give, whenever jt can be done without injustice it the claims1 ofutber classes of the community. ; -1 am, ^c, R. R. TAXRV. •‘Secretary of the Treasury.” - * i •*To the President o! the Girard Dank, Phil -1 adelphia.” ••Tbfasi/hy Department, / October 0, Jivd.'* i Sir:*—This Department has selected your in- j and forward to this Department immediately. After you have done this, you will please tu' * wan! the enclosed communications to toe public officers to whom they are directed, (they being instructions from the Department to deposit? all public money in their hands m which they may hereafter receive, in >,H’; stiurion to the credit of the 'Treasurer o! the United State?.) I a Iso enclose to you circular instructions relative to deposiWS and accounK of public officers, to which l respectluliy end your alten!io.\ , “In selecting your institution as one ol me fiscal agents oH he Government, 1 not only rtdy on its solidity and established character, as affording a sufficient guaranty for the salt ty of” the public money entrusted t > its keeping, but l confide also in its disposition to adopt the most liberal course which circumstances will admit toward ; other moneyed instnu pons generally, and particularly those in your vicinity. “ The deposes of the public money will en able you to afford increased facilities' to the commercial and other classes of the commti nity.and the Department anticipates liotn you the adoption orsuch a course, respecting vour accommodations, a* will prove acceptable to the People, and safe to the Government. , “I am.&c., It. II. TANKV, ‘‘Secretaryo| the Treasury. “To the President of fig Maine Bank, Port land, Maine.** ' Mr. Chairman, if a stranger to our institu tions were to read these letters lie would snp ! pose, from their general tone and character, that. the Banks, thus addressed, were the nri ! vote property of the Secretary, and that their Presidents were his sttha I terns But we know | that lie spoke the orders of the Executive, and ; upon his/ responsibility.* Wc find, too, in these , two letters, the practical execution of the opi- ! nion General Jackson expressed in the muni- j lesto, viz: that ‘ the funds of the Government will not be annihilated bv IHog transferred. They will he immediately issuedror the bene fit of trade, and if the Bank of the Glided States curtail': its loans, the State Banks, strengthened by the public deposites, will ex tend theirs.* ThcSeeretnrv, accordingly, car ries out this policy by fell tig the Buivs that ‘ the deposites of the public money will enable , you to atf >rd increased facilities to cvn<n>rce, and extend accommodations to individuals ’ — Again, he says: ‘The deposites of ti e publa* money will enable you toatlord increased 11 cilities to the commerei <1 and other classes o' the community.’ No v, Mr. Chairman, by wh it authority did the Executive thus take possession of the State Ranks, and convert them into Executive Ranks? By wtint audio rity did he order them to 'extend their loins’ to 'all classes oj the com mu nit ?' Bv what authority did lie enter these State institutions an 1 give them nd Idional capful, in the shape of public deposites, with orders to 4 issue them immediately Jor the heneft of trade?'— There was no law to justify the removal of the public deputies, So far from it, they we«e j removed in violation o! law. There wis no ; law to auTho:i/.e their h-uag placed in the State i Banks. So Jar from it thev were pi.iced them j in violation of law. And after they were pGc- , e Ithere, there was no law to atiGioriz **he !*V- j tfera! Executive to order State Banks to use i them as capital, to lie loaned out to ‘all c’as- ; ses of the community,’ lor the ptrpose ol :t*- j coiiciJinti that community to the crjormi’v of ’ Ins usurpations. The States had limited the capital of their Banks in their chark s. The States were the best judges of the amount of Bank capital, which was necessary for tfwir own /oral and domestic purposes. This amount they had already give i. ’ Tis true that the eharteis of the Banks al! nved them to make i loan's on their deposites t<» a certain extent — J But the deposites of in iivi Imls ami of private companies were alone alluded to in those char • i i i ,.i ters. If was ncverconiemprueo uni me i.ri men?e revenues of the Fed *ru! Government would he speedily thrown info them. leaving no limit to their capital, with orders to trad • upon them, by loaning them to all * classes of the community.’ The Bunts. most tmfortu ni’elv, submitted to this policy ol the LExecu tive/aml did lend the public money to nil 4 classes of the community;1 and when they wanted to draw in their loan?, a!! ‘classes of the community* were not prepared to pay them The ‘''democracy of numbers* had no doubt been favored widi ‘increased facilities’ which they were not prepared :•» surrender, when called upon by the Bank*, and they were fi nally obliged to stop specie payments. But it was fortunate for the States, that ’his fatal .policy destroyed their Banks, before ii hud un dermined nn ! destroyed every vestige <d their liberties. By submitting to the term? and con ditions which were prescribed to their Banks, they allowed tiieir own ‘State rights’ to h»* violated an I trampled upon by (he Federal Fxecutivv. rl’he eager bidding of the Banks (hr the riepo$i?es—their consent to have their arcmots and their dealings examined and overlooked by the agent?of the 'Execu tive Government—and the silent consent ol lie* States to these measure?, all shor ed the dangerous influence of that power which con trolled the public money. The States, like the o'iiee-hohlers, and the oflic.e-se.hers, might ultimately have been reduceil to a state o! subserviency, fatal to liberty. 1 say again, then, that it was fortunate for them that their Banks exploded, before tiieir liberties were en* ! f i re I y destroyed. That the Banks were oblige.} to s'op specie payments, by pursuing this poli cy dictated by the President, I have no doubt. And tni?, I find, is* the opinion of a .Senator (rom Pennsylvania, who advocated this Sub- j Treasury hill, during the present session, iti die j other Branch <o Fongress. Mr. Buchanan, in • the course of his speech, said : “All men are wise after the Tact; but to look back, it has often occurred to me as wonderhil how we could ever have con- > tided in the State banks as safe general depos itories of the public treasure. Our system o! j banking is the very worst and the most respon- ! sible that has ever existed on the face of tbo earth. The charters of these banks nowhere impose any etticicni rest mints upon the first iu stincr ol tiieir nature, which is to make ns much money l<»r their stockholders ns posiMe. They wiil,there|nrp,alwaysexpand their cred it.? and their issues in the day o! delusive pros perity without regarding the nppronchings’our. The immense deposites ol the Government in creased this fatal tendency, whilst the public money was freely loaned,and its Security pine- j cd at hazard, for the benefit of the stocir- ! bohh*rs, but for the rum n| the country. The ! wonder perhaps ought rather tub;* tint they ! held out so long, than that they shorti have j finally exploded. “hi 1*36, the immense amount offline depos- j ites had stimulated them almost to madness.— ! The expansion was then greet beyond al! for- ; mer example, Speculation raged throughout J the land. I*he suspicion* of the country were j aroused against theGovernmen\:»nd the banks . were charged with granting peculiar favors to ! men high in office, and to influential nnrte/.nns ; of the Administration. They weie denominate ; cd ‘ the pet banks.” Such was the general • sense of the insecurity ot the public money in ; their possession, and such the jealousy which ex s'ed among the People in consequence ofj their connexion with the Government, that I] verily believe the presem ChH Magistrate ! would never have been elected had it not : been Tor the passage of the deposire bill. The j adop ion of this measure was a choice of evils, j but it was a much less evil than to have left j nearly Ibrtv millions of the public money in i possession of the bank*. Under the hrdefen- j dent Treasury system, we >ln!l never again ■ be placed in such a fearful dilemma.” Tins Senator’s reasoning shows the foily and the wickedness oremoving the deposits •and placing them in the State Ranks to he u*cd as capita!, under the orders of the Presi dent. His zeal in hehnlfnf the ‘Independent Treasury system,!5 as he calls it, extorts the confession that the State Ranks ‘exploded.5 by their taking the public deposes as capital, and by ‘extending their loans,5 and granting ntnn xavu 1 The charters of these Bank* no j u here i.upose sudicient restraints upon the i first instinct of tlieir nature, v hich is to make ! as much money for tlieir stockholders as pos sible.’ Were any additional 4 restraints’; sou/ht. to lH! imposed upon their ‘charters,’ or upon the • first. instinct ol their nature,’ by the "uiiCiilar iuN\ructiui»s’ sent them by Gen jack son, through the Secretary of the Treasury, when he ordered tlumi to ‘extend their loans to 4 ail classes of the community?’ Did not these 4instructions’ induce them to ‘extend their credits?’ Did not these instructions, to lend out the ‘immense’ deposites of the Go vernment. increase this ‘ fata! tendency’ to ex pansion and induce them to throw oil die 4 restraints’ of tlieir charters? The Senator auswers these enquiries in his speech, when he says, that ‘ the wonder, perhaps, ought rather to be, that the Banks held out so /oag, than that they should inve finally exploded.’ lie says, also, ‘in 1333, the immense amount o{ thess deposites had .stimulated them almost to madness. The expansion was then great j beyond all former example—speculation then raged thoughout the land.* Whose ‘specula } lions’ were they, that occasioned these ‘ex pansions beyond all former example:’ The j Senator says, ‘the s is,virions of the country j\\ero aroused agaiistthe Government, and the Banks were charged wdh granting pecu liar favors *o men high in office, and to infiu jential partisans of the Administration.’ i Were these ‘suspicions’ wcil lotindedr d lie Senator says ‘suoo v/ns the general scn>e 01 (the insecurity of the public money in their pos session, ami such the jealousy which existed | among the people, in consequence ol (heirem J nexion wi’h the Government, that I verily be* | ii'• \*e, tlie present Chief Magistrate would ne ver haw been elected, had it not been lor tlie passage of the deposite hill.’ The Party was freed then iiro tlie adoption of the deposite hill to secure the election ot the present Chiel Magistrate. But, even alter the passage ol t!r* deposite hill, when‘the immense amount of the deposites had stimulated them almost to madness:’ When the ‘expansion was then great beyond all former example:’ When speculation raged throughout the land:’— •Adieu the suspicions ol the country were a ro'j-cd nrainst the Government, and the banks were charged with granting peculiar lhvorsto men lush in office, and Mo influential partr/ans of the AdnnuHtration; even at that time, the j present .Secretary, tells a deposite Hank, to which he writes, ‘The deposites of the public money will enable you to a ford increased /ii* ril.itie.s to the commercial and other classes or the comma nit //.’* Was such an order as tins calculated to lull the ‘suspicions’of which Mr. j Buchanan, speaks, or was it calculated to in duce the Hanks to increase their ‘peculiar fa vors to men high in oilice, and to influential pirtizans of the Administration?’ The won der, indeed, is, as Mr. Buchanan says, that the Bank*‘he! I out so long.’ Yon boast that your Part v-emnitv has destroyed tfit* Bank of tlie j ('piled States, and its ‘sound and uniform ctr jrenev* And it is now admitted, that your j partyfriendship snd affection, and cupidity, ! which led to me 'union of Hank and stated j has destroyed the State Banks and their means (of furnishing that uniform currency, which i vour party so loudly predicted ol them. An 1 ‘alter having destroyed, as far as your pirty j could, all the Banks a ml all the currency, they j now mean to force upon the country, tlie Go vernment Bank, proposed in this Snt>-Treasii rv Bill, which destroy.-? upon its lace, the pub lic liberty, and will aiford a worse paper cur rency than we have ever had. Bulahard monev currency is promised in exchange for the liberty, this* Ini) destroys. Sir, were you to promise a much better currency—were you ho promise to restore that, which vour party ! have destroyed, I could never, barter for it, n i . . . •. ; • . n • . i .. . principle-, umcn iuiu>c a.i p.u-c. j.vi join next ‘experiment; be based, not upon this pinn er !o of.shivery, but upon a principle of liberty. Divorce the money power from the Executive power, 'rake, in preference to this bill, the substitute, which was offered on yesterday by nsv friend (Mr. Tost Johnson) from Maryland. Hint pl.tn.'iuvades no principle of liberty, for flu* Banks, in which the public money is to he placed, are to he selected by Congress. And they can receive it under such refill a'ions as may be beneficial to the community, an I sare and honorable to themselves, and toiho States to which thev may belong. It is, in substance, our v irgmci plan. The Banks, to who^c custody the public mo- j nev is c uifidel, are I * > be appointed by 0 m> gi ess, and made responsible to tlio Iteprcsen- 1 ’alives of the people an-! to the /ate, and not to ilie President of the United States. VTnt right has the* President to the custody o| the public money? There is no express power in the Constitution which routers the custo iy of the public money up 01 him; nor, is there any 1’iMt're in that instrument, upon which, an im (I'ication can be raised, to justify the passage of tin* foil now under con fulcra t ion. But Con oiess has the power under the Constitution, to i.<} taxes and to borrow money. The mipli ration is, therefore, irresistible, dial that de partment of the Government, that raises the money should have the custody of it, throw:’ ns own agents. It is true, that no plan »d keeping the public money can be relied on as perfectly safe. But. tins plan of the substitu'e is ass if*, at least, as that, proposed in the | hill; and it gives the President 1.0 additional | power. But, I would rather lose it, in the cus tody of agents appointed by Congress, and removable by Congress, than 1 would save it, in the custo iy o! these ‘Deceiver's General.’ or Pub-Treasurers, who are to he appointed hy the President, and removed by bum But [ wlitn this hill is [asset!, the President will i ho d the public pur<c. Ami when you pass toe I h.JI called lor by the Secretary of the Treasn ! ry, in f 1 is report of December last, the Presi de!;! will then have power to hi! the public ! purse. But see what the Secretary asks for. | Meades Congress lor a law, granting to the j Tieasury Department ‘ home provident fund, j to fie formed when any occasional and acci- i dental surplus happens to be ill the Treasury, : (hut never designedly raising one hy ta xatuw) which siiall be employed to meet contin-ni* j I vies and fluctuations instead ofour being conn ! polled frctpjcnfly to resort to loans or increas- ; ’ ed taxes; and in, the absence of such a fund, | a permanent authority to be given lor the pro j rprement of means, when needed, under an- , i expect i*l deficiencies.” Here is, indeed, a modest request, well wor- ' thy of that ‘Democracy,* which lias, in its I successful strides to power, divested us of a ! Constitutional Government, and given us in its 1 place, a Government ot party, to he adminis ; tered by the Presidential will. If then, you I pass these two hills, the President will hold ' •the purse with one hand while lie fdh it with hheo her. Pass then the bill, called for by ■another‘Executive Department*, and approv*• • Jed by the I resident, for ‘the re organization •of tile Militia ol the United States,’ and the j ‘Executive Government, will then he as des potic as the ‘democracy’gan well make it. A •trio of such taws cannot be found in the £ode j •of any people claiming to be tree. But the: • people surely cannot, and will not, submit to j •them. It this militia plan be ripened into a ; law, I tell you. that it can never be execu-• | ted. A million and a half of arms-bear- j ling freemen, wili never submit to the ini!i- | ! fairy thraldom which is now in preparation ', northern. If they submit, then indeed ‘are! i they the President’s people, and they may j j well call him their ‘great Father.’ But. sir.! | they can never consent, to this paternal go j vt .ament, which would rivet upon them, i the vhains of slavery. Nor will any portion •of the militia, conspire, wfth the President, to j fasten this yoke of military bondage u;»on tire necks of their companions, their kindred, and their Jrieuds. Who sir. ai.elfit miii ia.? They are the people; the fieernenofthis country; the masters of those who wculd enslave them — They will never, therefore, allow this plan for their ‘reorganization’ to be executed. But " % ♦See Mr. Woodbury’s letter, dated January 29 th, 1S37, at the close of 1636. when accord their resistance, as far they arc concerned wit', be bloodless. The people have a fellow !e,Tng for each other, and they thirst not for the blood of their brothers. If then, there is any !>d> »tl shed, it must he charge ! to this ‘Kxocu tivc government.* And it that government should send its llegu’ars, in pursuit of the Mi litia, and thtirbloody they will most certainly lose their own. Mr. Chairman, ihecoustitu limits overshadowed and lost, by the im "lied powers which have been heaped upon it.— When it was submitted to the people of the Slates for their couside-.ation, and adoaiion. parties were formed around it. The fed era f [ists sustained, and voted lor it, and the A nri j federalists opposed, and voted against ii.— [Patrick Henry, an i other distinguished uv\n | hers of tint Convention voted against it.— I They wisely thought, ns time has shown, that ! i' would lull under the udmiuK>trn tion ofs.djiMi aim ambitious men. ami uiat,iniU practical ; opera'iou, it wouid prove to he a government with powt’.s sMliioieut to overthrow the pub die liberty. They directed, to surrendering to Congress the purse, and the sword. And they thought that the powers conferred on the President, had a tendency to monarchy. Ihit they oVected to, and voted against the Con stitution because of itsexm’iss power*. And yet .Mr. Chairman, how very many, d> v*>u and i know, in our own State, who revere tlie memory, and lavish loud pranes upon tho^e sleeping patriots, for their state-right vote against the exp css powers ofthe Constitution, woo were at I he same lime, supposing this and the lit-: administrations which chime I, 2nd exercise*} ini -tied powers which are Jar more alarming to liber, y than tlio.se that are expressed? WhyisthU? It presentstn mv n.i ui a strange contradiction in their political creed which 1 cannot understand Are not the expess powers in thecoiis itution which ore con '-;t cd on the t'resibent,sufficient to satisfy them, tie is made, hy these express grant**’, “c mi mnnderin chiefof the Army an I Navy of tlie United .States.’ fie ‘shall nominate,and hy and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all ether officers of the United States, whose ap pointments arc not herein otherwise p-ovld ed !or.’ Are not tliepowers sufficient?— these express powers were comer *ed to pro tect tiie public liberty, while the implied pow* 1 ers serv e hut to overpower and destroy it.— By these implied powers, a system of reward* and pit ashmeuts have heeuengrilied upon tin' governmm.f. The President can strike front ihe ci v ii h<\ u iihout c iuse or tria! any um ber of meritorious public oiThmrs, while he win retain any number of guilty ones. Having all the civil olticers of the i-Vderil government under his command, the gover intent is hi'.— He can strike also, from the rolls of the Army si nil Navy, without trial, any officer whom he pleast-s; and being commander in chief of! the Army an I Navy, he possesses a power over them, which makes them his. These sir, are some of the i my lied powers of the J President, which are so lieelv exercised, ns i to mare them the ruling p irciples of this j ‘executive Government1 Now sir, I ask ] those who sustain the President in th? exer- ! cse ol tiie.se powers, top tint them out in the ! ct nstitiition. But if tie*v were in the court/ tntion, no President who loved liberty wo j’d exercise them, when they militated with tin* public interests or the rights of competent .and meritorious public servants. But they are not to he found there. If they were, I would r.i*ver accepia station, where I was required to s\v«*ar as I do here, that I would support the Consti tution. I would never swear to support a lorrn o! government with such principles ineorpo- j rated in it. So far from it, if these iuolicd power* were recorded in the Constitu ion, l | would swear to resit, them at every buzzard I Mr. (hiairtnan l hold in my hand the me norm I | of the late Governor Call of the Territory of i'Icrida, who states that he has been dismis sed f.o:n ollice without notice and without trial. This memon 1! state* the true princi ples noon which ttie I it**, and the presc it ad- j minisiiafioiis, h ive acted in relation to tie* public officers<*f the country. The memorial 1 is in tlie.se words: “To the Senate and Home of Rrprewwitives oj the Urilled St Ues of .imericn in Congress Assembled: Tii.? mrrnodal of ft. K. C ill, late Governor of the Territory of i* lorid a, l UESPECTFCI.lv UKPRF.SENTS: Thalvour memorialist was, on the tilth dav ! of Visrch, 1335, without his knowledge, con - sent or application, wi li the advice am! con Npnt of tlie Senate, appointed ny ilie President ofthe Foiled States Governor of the Territory j of’FIoiida lor tiie period of throe year-;; i.Vn j your memorialist did not accept the said o.'fiee J of Governor until he was induced f<» do so t»y I the petition of a number ofthe rwv.j respectable j citizensof {hisTerritory; that vour memorial- ! ist afterward accepted and entered up mi the j duties of said ollice.atid continued to perfVm -1 tlicm to the best of his abilities until trie '?afh ' day of February. I*5Hh when your memorialri \ was reappointed to said olfice, without suhei- i tation or nnjuest on his part, lor another term' of three years; that you: memorialist confinu- | ed zealously,and nib unremitted assidupy, ; to perform the duties of Governor of Flodu.i ; until tlie rve.'iinir of 11 it* 211 !i of December lust, when he learned, with .some surprise, thmu^ii t lie medium ofthe newspapers, that he had been superseded in the office of Governor aloresaid, and that t!:e lion. II R Read, jo l£(* ofthe district of East Flod la, had hern appointed his succes-or. Although this event has been published and republished in tin* newspapers, from the date of the removal cl von ui'Muorialist nut I tms the 2ot.h ol F» l.rur.ry, a ltd the successor of your memorialist l.rm been Ioiijj since instaiie«i in office, your memo rialist has received no official information i f.om the Cioverninetit on the subject lie lias j not been notified of Ins removal, lie has n< i liter been ad vised, by the proper (b'parto.wnf, j o! the names of l.i> accusers; the offence with ! which he stands charged; the names ofthe v i1- ; nesses, or the nntnreoi t!je evidence on which , he has been condemned. After judgment ;mu execution, it may have hern deemed bv the. Department of State an idle ceremony to in- \ form the accused of In; arraingnment, rr it inav have been considered an office too hit-; md’iatingto correspond witli ope who had fal- ' jen under the displeasure of those in power. ! lhit your memorialist never having felt, hnn seif elevated by the commission of the Presi- ! dent, does not,byit&hws. feel himselfdepress- ■ ed be ow the "ratio of respectability, which , would entitle bin: to he informed of t:.e cause ; ol Jus removavni irom office. The (iisiiii- s 1 of an oll'cer from n place of, Iiijjli trust and responsibility, in;pi es guilt of, some mUdem-anor drmwndiuga measure ol such har$hn''s>; and. until the cause sh ill h i\ e been assigned by the p°pe and respmsible j department of the f OTer.iment, the public i mind is left foconjectme and speculate on the • probable offence which has been committed. Your memorialist,'leeiing n just and conscious I ride in t i ie belief that lie discharge 1 wim ztai ami fidelity every du y imposed upon him by the high station which he lately held, is »’n- » willing to leave his reputation in an attitude so | equivocal. To relieve him from this embar rassment, n::d as an net of justice to himself, he is reluctantly compelled to invoke the pow er of Congress to pass a resolution calling on the President of the United Stales to disclose the real cause which produced the removal id vour memorialist from office.” &c. After reading tliis memorial, no man ran truly say. thn-t this government is ore of liber ty, or that it extend? any protection to a c:11 - zen who accepts a public trust under it. A private cilizen is yet entitled 'i:a trial by jury. But when he accepts an ollice under the tede* r.ii Government, lie is r.ot entitled even to a bearin'r. before him. who inflicts upon him without cause, the odium and punislunei t 1 have taken this particular case, because l fe 1 That I have s«»a e claim, to deiend the ptop'e of Florida from oppression. 1 passed in tl at country, what to me, was an interesting jo;, lion of' my life. 1 found the people there, in* - » » » . . i . • truth ?;;. that the j**opie of Florid.a hold a place in iny affections, second t)nIy t o the peo ple nfiiiv ova itc*. When thereto:*? Florida i» m nfthetion, rny ? . ymrutMe** are with her.— An { when Iut people, uuetio r individually, or aggra '.ite’v. i*:* ve been \v paired. I shall stand by them and defend the..) The dbmisjn! o!‘ih:s obicor then, wi'li »T nonce, and without * rial.is na act o! tyranny and injustice, and a palpable breach of lii'X*’ e mstj mional protections to winch he was for! »• entitled. NW have heard the ‘‘Alien and Sedition Laws,’* and the *k Ibb^n of fei ru” sometimes alluded to here: and t he parl v in power a re r.otv utakint? what capita! they can. on? «.»f tiie>*" by •none-laws of a by-gone age. sir, while I never in my ide met \\ if‘t a sbi’u.y individuai who approv ed of liic sedition law, yet 1 now lind the i great ‘!)ciii'!;:.;imV Party sustaining an a drum i.sirniion. 11 * o r denis in edicts wheh are lar more tyrannical tinti liiat law*. Sir, ;t was that I uv, clue.’lv, which overdrew uhnf this jiVrnocracy*’ calls r j»e “ Feign of Terror.’*— 1 A ad >ct the worst act of ivra %.y w Inch was ev^r charged ng.iinst that* reign, was coupled . . . wi n uie in.ii nv ’.irv. When a man was prosecuted usi lertlieSe [ .liti »;i 11 w. he (!'>'» '! employ counsel to defend him and he mold £;ve the truth in evidence, i If he had pwVnheh a 111 *t*hood njramst the ‘Government, the wyfiut i him Ifhehad pub* , ii*l:e I foe triftn,die i rv noijuitlcd hint. Gtn•-!Iv, 1 then,won! ! auv mm who has felt tins /V-to* r >•->1 ir. s\ sfcut of pun Kliment .1 a ft* ref u^e tinder I ’ic* l’ :!era {s»Miiiion la’••.whirl: wotiM place him , i lor iriai before n mrv oftiis peers. Glad!) if)* jdeed would the'victims of tJus- power seek j j under i Jr' worst act of i he rci.ru of terror, ex - i ,eruption !iDin to p miMum nts whidi have . i been awareed the so it the secret i i •, t t sitori.il j chambers of vour Hetnocrntie I’res (bwits.— i A |.i r • r i * *» 1 to tlV* e i «; c of liberty, i< ! bn! p.wv- , ! cr \vb t b can thus iivrst, 4 at will/ the Conn- j i trv of r> iVjtr.ful functionaries A jower that : I Juried from u st uiou of usefulness* »«• hi** conn j jtrv, Mirhn man as ’.Vir.T.UM Henry Karri- I : sox. V liv, sir. was this virtuous man, this [eminent statesman an i ioidier dismissed from I the public, service ? Jle miirht Ji ive tfioiii!*t ’fb it the vencrableati.f o’lstin oiishcd member from Massachusetts, was better qualified lor j fi... p|Ts. iIi:in was Ins competitor. .*%l* ready had that member furnished cood ground.-! lor such an onmon, hv having given to thf country, an adnunMratio •. not mfeuor in jun'ifv, and patriotism to licit »>I V* asbjng toifs. Iiiavodf. Bui did this preference [or \'r. Adams m ike tk'meral I iai n<on leas ol a he pub’iran; or did it lessen toe benefit of his , past services? Berlin ps he was writing that republican 'etter to Bolivar, at the time when the hm I of power was placed u,nn him at homo; and the hind too, ot a fellow soldier. ! What were Genera I Hart ison’s principle.*?— thev were republican principles; and they had I)■**'ii well te*;ed throughout a useful and evendhi lift*, They were diawn from tin* [ure fountains of our devolution, and they haveiu v»*r deceiicr.i te-f i i his keeping. lie*)’ a re stjli the ; riucipfesof his Bevofutiowi rv an cestor*. Tiny are the principle* wlreli gave freedom to hi* own conntrv, and which had reared up that n* w fauul v ol Ilepnbhc; ’o one of whic.h !. • had hern ;u*t sent a* a minister But th'*y all ude 1 him no protcc ior. They we*c the prim* ; Se* whic.h. even now, mm ope rating throughout the oh! V', orld, an I are cm nl) ing I <*m their Loads tie* crow ns of lic red t irv iiimd isells. But while these principles are less aim r t;»• * [*»*ver »»{ kirtljt. they have been superse led at their own home and lurtli place bv a ‘-democracy” which ha* given mom than king!v power* to our IVe-mlent*. A “democracy,” Mr. Chairman, that has swept nv?r thi* land, like a destroying torrent of red hot tav.i. blasting every vestige ol prosperity, and marking it* course " i h havoc and devas tation A democracy that ha* been stnrwding f >r if\*' c.uive p iv.vr and patronage, until that i icparfment has overshadowed and paralyzed :;!l tint o her Pe part me nt* ofihe Govcivncm. A democ.rac.v winch his yiveti l > the executive a poo cr, vhie'*. in the shai e of a v in 1 ‘Mive and fer.-ejou* p.tronnge, trample.* at will, up on the right of though*, of >p?ech, and of ac tion. A democracy which h-is converted that den irtment into a b!oat'» 1 (ie*5pofi<n!. A tle moc-acv which si’s like an incubus upon tfie ruin it !m * c ea‘ed ; .Milling tlie pire cu* rent of consuto’ior.al liberty, an 1 stagnating tlie I if** - Moo I o four country’* prosperity. .Sir, our :a!!a »i! a nee Mors would never In ve submitted to !h»%s" «u;>resmop5*. in trie [nmrjve imvs of the Republic, wfsmi the g'ent an I pood WsMd.iutnu vas our [>r‘*c; lent, w;th his own •,vr!l pir11•»;I fime no! glory around Jon, he. con! f never have umr,m‘d tV»«e powers — f’ouM he hive so fi'lco Iron his h»:h esla*<\ as to iiivp t:ik‘*n the custody <>f tfip pubhc »no:i'*v. and aloptml th;? ‘ sv^tmti* of re w tr N nnd {"? i s» ::♦* it!>L career ol p*'*»-er •viv.i! ! -:nti!i fiave h,,!7i In-lee.I. had he pj.ieed tin* !dt >d of oppression and of pow- j or upon one ki e.’ii‘ irreii in's bend the \vp •!•• | rnti.in was th* :i pure eeo >Yi ami lust, aid j j^nr'ess ono-r*h fo have recnocd, an l resist ed jt. Those r, (01 of ’7 5. who long!.t with hon, eravc.I with i.vn, voted !«»r the f’onstnu tjon with Mm. would have h-oit-ht him hick !o those earli *r Im-soase! do** Ion winch !!,ev j had leaned lo-puber, an I which tve-e dot ply ] p in• e 1 u•>/>•» their soul.-. Then would have1 consj l-r**d such assumptions of power as u sub ect fo«* act'V>h, and not a subyet lor cold debate. But they love I freed.- m (or its own sake ! hey were, indeed, the true dLcjpVs of [ JOroiTV. 'limy c ur’d nfientimes have been indeed ii in pnr-osit. by the precious blood \\ hicb st a tie J their foot-prints. They were of that devoted baud of dintuess aref shi'dles:-; | atrirds, who traversed ihe land which tljgv IjtiTaied, hire headed and bare foot, wi’h las t’d t'irdies about iMif lo.ns.— But rl cv, s,r, hr.d bear!* to f-cl II e divine vai ri? of Liberty, and they had courage to strike !(»r it. ♦* v.#-yv^rr—•— vw I-YCECM READING ROOM, rriir. Hoard of Curatoisof flic Alexandra H Lvreum. are now making arrangements | for open in:’ the READING 11' m the Ly ceum liali, as soon as possible; and, in hc ' contamv wirli the HIi Artic!e ol the l nion. i fsee below,) a Hook is now open in the Alex- 1 audriri Library. i Tliw citizens wbo nre neither member* of; thr Lyceum or Alexandria Library t’empuny, ; will also have an opportunity of snbsmbingf to j said Heading Hoorn, upon appi.c ition to the j Secretary, (.?et* Art. G.) (J.) A Rook •: hall he kept in the Rentin'! Room i in w 11ir!i ntiy member of the Library or Lyre- j inn,nr:»nv person having the privilege of the j Reading Room, rrny write the name of such book*, as he may desire slum' I be i urcbnsrd, , for the me rf s:»j | Room, with the price, toe ^ place where the f-niTJumriy he purchased, and ; i is own name i and too Board ot Curator^ j may purchase rlc.-cor such portion r t them, < as thev nan v deem exiit 2 f v.ithm the limits j nf tJje funds disposable for that purpose. j rt:.) Arr. n^poMVblep^r>oji?inpproved l»y the • R.irml off orators hv paring live dollars, nil* i mnl'v, shall be rw.tdicJ to a.’! the privileges of the Reading Room. CTAW S. IKd/OTT, iv i'— *f .Secretary. NEW GOODS. TT".M. GREGORY has received, \\ Dish Linens, Plain and limey striped Drillings, Jaconet Cambrics, Long cloths, Colored Domestics, Burlaps &c., together with a large an I handsome assort ment oi Brussels and Wilton Hearth U:»g*, ' l uiiia Venetian Carpeting, for eteps, with wide lor passages to match. •y 24—fit __ Hcud und Jioruare 1 n ezniumre jor Ljnk ' Sto?k. rpHi; subscriber has Bonds -mounting to 1. upwards of 33000, lor which, he will rake in exchange Bank ot Rotomcc Stock, at the highest rates at which iDe said Stock nc 1 .J t’.*~ «. 1 ,!./> l»it r>i »t -I »/> onto in Tijr^,^ fMSJW £ WffiVTQW a\ **n \cnJv | SATURDAY MORNING. JvLTio, Hto. The mee?i:urol the Irieu Is of the A I minis - ’ [ration nt Krentsville, on the 22d, was a lar/t* 'one. The company sat down to a *:imptnun dinner. The meeting was addressed by Sen ator Grundy,and several gentlemen 1mm the ; adjoining counties. On the 2lst, there was a 'meeting nt Centreville. at wh'ch Senator Grundy was present and delivered an address. j The General Meeting of trie Stockholder! , (*! the Chesapeake and Ohio Cana! Company, t winch ns<ernl>!c.l in Washington, by adjourn• j merit on Tuesday last, closed its burines? on I Wednesday evening, after an orduoui session • of two (lays. The Inline meetings of the 1 Company will be held in Frederick town. \ _ j There was a heavy fall of ram he.e on Thors da v evening. We understand that some dam age has been done in this ncighbornood by the j v.ashing away oj’ fences, &c. i Some difficulty occurred onTriu'sduy even ing, we learn, among the hands employed on the Washington and Baltimore Kail Hoad, at the depot in Baltimore, which prevented th; usual running of the cars. Mr. F.dward Dyer,auctioneer, at Washing ton, advertises that on the 4th o1’ August lie will sell, by anctini, the tivo Arabian horses presented by the ?uit in of Muscat to the Pres* j idem of ilie United States. Cash f.k of tor Bank of Virginia.—It ■s stated in the Richmond Whig that llearv M. Bren?, at present cashier of the Bank of the Valley, lias decli *ed the offer of cashier <»f die Bank of Virginia, at Richmond. No other person had been died on. Tlie festival in honor of die ariiv.il ol the Britannia, and complimentary to the lion. Samuel Cuuard, who came passenger in her, Ins taken [lace in Boston. A magnificent pavilhon was c ected in frontof the Maverick Uouse, and an awning connected with tlie hou<e above the third story, thus enabling the ladies to occupy the piazzas of the second and third stories, whence they had a full view of the proceedings at tlie dinner. Charles C. iCiteene INq acted as duel Marshal, nnd | Hon. Josiah Ctuincy, Jr. officiated as Pre-i | dei.t of the day. The pnvih'ion was beau tifully decorated, with numerous devices, the Ruglish and American flaps, together with J fi igs of various other nations. The Globe proves lo ically that the fricn U of (he District in Congress, and those especial, ly in favor of chartering tlie District Bank-, defeated their charters. We tinders and that ! tiie Globe intends to go on and prose I'm the | iitoon is made of green chtere ! | Fiiom Monte Video.—By ibearrival of the ship Heron n at Philadelphia, tlie edit'irsof.lic l.ujuircr have Monte Video dates it) June 1th. It appears from the journals trial have been rr c ’ived, that the blockade still continued, arid there was no prospect of its being soon taken o.i. There had teen a revolt in tlie Upper Province .rj.im-t iton-; bu* he did not regard it. Bu-ine-s was brisk. Imports found a ready s.i!«•, and exports were in demand. Pespktoii.— Messrs. Welles and Co., of Pari-, were ehirge l hy the G >re tunent of j tiie United States with receiving the Xeapok |tan Indemnify. Tlie sewnt!i Instillment was paid nt Na ples o.i the 8:h Jitue. Tlie negotiations were ! m ide, the proceed- expedited in gold,and the accounts of the transaction received by Mr. Nevvbold, President of the Bmkol America, in New York, on t'ie ISth :>f July. Tuns nil ♦.his war cseeT? ! in the* short space of forty days. _ __ Flos Tin Wak.— The Ft. Lon.* Babetin tin? seven c.om-nuiesof lb.; ei.dith regi ment ii11**;»lrv passed that place on the 11th iii^far»t tor Jefferson barracks, on the steam ers Malta an 1 Fre-Firipfion, from Prairie flu Omen where it i*sin! tiiey will remain, until the season arrive t»»r a»*hve operations, ia Florid a, for which they are destined. Is*)’A??*.—TiwSf. Lo i:s Bulletin of the l>'h | instant, learns, by a late arrival from Prairie I duCfueu, that sixteen chiefs o! tfie Facand Fox tribe of Indians, among whom was old Keo lit irk, wt re waiting nt the Ijst named place fi>r the ‘horn:: g in’* «d the chiefs of t!:c \V:n* nrb;*£oes, for the purpose of entering into an amicable treaty. About twenty chiefs of il.e la ter trihe had ar rived, hut they declined act* in? until the mrival ol two more of the princi pal chiefs, whose families auJ relations had suffered most in the conlhct which took place la<t winter. ____ Fire asd Loss o? I.:i>*e.—On rhurs lay morning, a fire broke out in a planing estab lis.hnu nt in Bank .street, near West street, Nt w York, wfiicfi was totally consumed, lour I <1 welling houses ad joining on tne rear, aU**,i | buildingocct?[ted as a cabinet work shop, fnt j| factory. &,c„ and several stables, ai! <>! vv.iu •» M were totally destroyed —and. we regret t*>a i , | a person named Coooer,sn l t » have been* * | sane, was b irnc I up in one of the dwelha*t 1 fJi3 body has beer, recovered. 1 A committee, composed ol highly reapecia hie gentlemen, i> about to investigate the at - fairs of II.c Morris Canal Company. Mr. Crydcr, ol the house of Morris, Crydcr k (< '»• of London, is one appointed to represent the European holders of bonds, on which the com pany has failed to pay the interest. He is j.ist arrived in the British Queen. _ 7 he New Hampshire Statesman sajs »* 11 understood that Mr. Hill declines the appoint meat of Receiver Genera I at Boston. The Lsihskd Ri.ackSmitii.—Our readers have heart! of Khhu Burriit, the blacksmith of Worcester, Mass., who has acquired >om Jf-o reputation as a linguist; being learned in some fifty languages. This va,t erudition has been accumulated in tlie inter valsofleiiiire snatch ed from the laborious prosecution of his trade as a blacksmith. I!estill labors daily at h* vocation, and pursues his studies uitfiune milling diligence, \ i die dedication of iiie Log Cabin at ww cesler, on the i'll. Jun.-. Mr. Ourritt tookP»'! in ihe ceremonies f>,l n.l Ir—H «he meeiwf. Uis speech appearsst '.eiiZth. evident y rc> ed hy linoscii, in TheXorlk ;;i..X_[t_refi^^