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rVBL18UJkl> DAILY AND TRI-WEBRLY BY _ _K DC* Alt 8SOWDE.V _ j * ALEXANDRIA: WEDNESDAY MORNING, F LhKi arv 11) 185ft. Id compliance with a request lruui many i quarters to publish the best report that we j can find of Mr. Wise’s speech delivered in j Alexandria, “as it will be of use to both par ties in the present canvass for State officers, we oopy the report of the speech as made by ' the reporters of the New Aork Herald, and j which, we understand, is considered a lu;! and correct one. The length of the speech causes us to divide it. in the Daily Gazette, j but it will be found entire in the Country ! Gazette for Thursday. The passage by Congress of the joint reso lution authorizing the President t*» confer upon Gen. Winfield Scott the title of Lieut. General by brevet, for his various military ; services, will, whatever objections may have been heretofore expressed, probably be ac ceptable to the American people; or, at least, will not be complained of by them. It is a high honor to a distinguished soldier whose merits it recognizes, and .he is eminently de narring of the thanks and confidence of the country. It is said that Capt. Ryoders, at a recent Tammany Hall meeting, announced his in tention of going to Virginia about the 1st oi March to help on the election of Mr. Wise. We predict that if Capt. Ryndere makes his appearance in Virginia, on any such errand, he will find a rougher road to travel than any he has ever yet encountered. __ * - - The London Times contains an article rep resenting aflairs in the Crimea, as far as tlie British Army is concerned, as in the wor t possible condition, and the operations bclore Sebastopol, as a eerie* of blunders and mis managements likely to end in the entire de struction of the allied forces, and the failure of the whole expedition. It is said that the l’. S. sloop of war loca tor, for whose safety some b ars have been expressed, was, at the last dates, at the At lantic entrance of the straits of Magellan waiting for a steamer to tow her through, all hands on board well. The Senate has confirmed the nomination* of Win. M* Harrison as Collector at Rich mond; A. I*. Banks at Petersburg; and II. W. Moreland at Petersburg. Telegraphic Despatch*** Nxw Orleans, Feb. 12.—The steamer Pro metheus arrived here to-day, w ith l ulifwruia dates to Jan. 24. The steamer Northern Light left on the Gth for New York, with 200 passengers, and $G00,0»>0 in treasure.— The news is unimportant, lue Legislature had had 22 unsuccessful ballots for Senator. dates to Jan. 13th, report that the Indians had attacked and murdered five Whites near Orleans, and the troops had gone in pursuit. A general war was appro bended, as the Indians were numerous and well armed. % .. r, The steamer Orizaba, from > era C ruz with citv of Mexico dates to the 5th arrived here yesterdav A provisional government had been established at Acapulco with Alva ros at the head unt 1 the arrival of Ceballos. Geo. Baharnando. the confident ui £anta Anna, had been shot by the rebels. Gen. Luen will relieve Gen. Woil the com mander at Matamoras. The revolutionists of the Isthmus of le haunwpeebave declared in favor of Alvarez. Oswxco, Feb. 12—The propeller St. Ni cholas arrived here this morning, with 3.0U) barrels of flour. She encountered the ice at the mouth of the Niagara river, but otherwise the navigation was unobstructed. From Omaha City, Nebraska, advices have been received to the 30th ult. Both Houses of the Assembly had passed a bill locating the Capital of Nebraska at Omaha, and the Governor had signed the bill. Nxw Oxle4&9, Feb. 11.—Twenty-six bu*i neee houses at Grenada, Miss., were burnt on ... .... , • .• . _ .1 .. c* ir.'j _ the stn lDHi. iue loss ih 000, insured for oolv $50,000. Some 3,000 bales of cotton were burnt at Troy, Miss., on the 8th. Niw York, Feb. 12.—The Singapore Free Press of Dec. 1st, received by the arrival of the storeship Supply, says that Mr. McLean, the American Minister, was about to leave for Bankok to negotiate a new commercial treaty with the King of Siam. Philadelphia. Feb. 12.—At a meeting of jthe Sunburv and Erie Railroad Company this morning, lion. Jas. Cooper resigned the presidency. Kx-Oov. Bigler will be his sue £«88or. The election is now progressing. Lancaster, Feb. 12.—There is a report Jure to-night, that the extensive bridge at Colombia, tb* cw*sing of the Xork and Wrigbtaville railroad. U on fare. 1 be bridge la a mile and a quarter long. Cleveland, Feb. 12.—An engine with six freight cars ran off the track and down an embankment on the Conneaut R;xilroa«i to day—two men were badly hurt. New York, Feb. 12.—The steamer Star ef the West, sailed hence this afternoon for San Juan with a full complement of passen gers. ,N»w York, Feb. 12.—Stocks are tighter. Money ie unchanged. Sales at the second Beard of Missouri 6*s, 94; New York Central Pithead. 93}; Canton, 23}; Penna. steal Oemnany, l(X>, b30; Cumberland, 36}, b60; 1m, 47); Boding, 761' SlflMlea ef Gunpowder. flourtimi since a party of Baltimoreans wmllid the residence of Messrs. John and Ed. Waidmaa, at Manchester, Carroll county, and deposited a quantity of gunpowder in the Bra -place, to be called for on their return from a gunning expedition. They forgot it, Bawerer, and returned to the city. On Tues day laet a fire was kindled in a stove, the lipi d which led to the chimney where the ppwdir wae deposited, and by some means the powder ignited. The Trumpet says: The lady of tha house had left the room bat a moment before. So violent wan the explosion that the window sash were blown out, and the stove, which sat near the hearth was Wowa out ia tbs middle of the room.— Tto fire which resulted therefrom was speed m eadaapwshed, thus very little demage was - — - j Mr. AVint'h Speech mi Alexandria. (Re^jited jbr tfu X. K Herald.] 1 appear before you to night, citizens of Alexandria, uot upon my own account, but as the standard bearer of the Democratic party of this State, regularly nominated in accordance with the time honored usage ot the party. I come as endorsed and twice j endorsed by the Democratic party, named as i I was to be its elector in and in 1S52: ! elector for the people, and now nominated , lor the Governorship of the State of Virginia, j If any Democrat in this assembly recollects | that, in times past, 1 did not always regard ; regulaiiv organized nominations, aud chooses to vote against me on that account, let him so do, provided he will stand where I have <»ver stood—up«»u principle, acting l»>na tui*\ | an earnest, honest man; let him then, 1 say, i \ot»* against me. When he does it let him remember that he then does the very act l<»r which he is condemning me—vote against the regular nomine*'. Ii there be any W big • in this assembly who will vote agatust me because 1 am i. -t what he calls consistent, ; and because I have chosen to use party as a servant and not as a master, I would not ask him f*»r his vote. But l would ask him not to be like tne, whom he chooses to deem inconsistent. (Applause.) 1 ask him, when he c ones to the polls, to be true aud clear in act and conscience: not coerviug before him the dark lantern of a secret association and gripping a democrat with one hand and a whig with the other, ll lie is the jewel of consistency, which he would have me be, let him be himself guiUle-.s. But, gentlemen, though I have come before y«*u a mao nomi nated by a party, the standard bearer of a party, doing battle for its principles, still I come not here to-night to address party. I appear before the people, without distinction of party, t«» address myself U> a republican peopb* charged with the sacred and holy trust of self-government. 1 come to address myself to a people whose only mean* of self government is by election. I come to ad dress myself to the reason, and the con science. and tlo* judgment, and the will of the people, whoso reason, and conscience, and judgment, and will, must be exercised in the election, and let me ask yot.—every con siderate. every conscientious man, every man with a stake in hand, either of capital or of labor—lot me ask you what are the consider ation* which ought to govern a republican people charged with the trust assigned to you of worthily bestowing on a man the highest office in the gift of the people? Geu j tleuien, you have great, momentous deeply « I ill h* nfil i/»v fidf Vi ill r I 1 l’,v' * ---t j,-. . ; consideration. There is your public credit, your public works, your commerce, your ag | riculture, your mining and manufacturing, ■ and the great subject ot popular instruction. At this moment causes are operating, n>»t j only affecting your national credit, your State credit, but touching the nerves, the ! tender nerves ot your private purses. All Kurope is in arms, and the labor «»t Kurope 1 is abstracted fr<»m the world ot commerce. The most powerful sovereigns of the earth are in battle array. Kach crowued head of Kurope is calling for gold—incessantly de , inanding gold, iu quantities which Australia ; and California, and .Siberia cannot supply. I And this demand for gold affects vour na tional credit, your State ciedit, and your 1 private credit. I mean not to create any alarm; 1 mean not to cause any excitement ; or distrust in vour minds in relation to the condition of your credit; but 1 mean to suv that, at no moment of my 1*to have 1 seen the time w hen there w as more necessity than there is at present for j rudencc in govern ment, and prudence in private affairs. But there is a salvo, thank God ! AV e live on a ' continent long enough and broad enough to feed the world. AYe have wheat, we have corn, we have pork and hoc*. One little port, which has grow n up like Jonah a gourd ( in a single night on the lakes, can send more w heat to market than any tour ports of Kus | sia; and that city which'is called the <Jueeu City of the We>t*. is haunted by the ghosts of slaughtered swine. (Laughter.) Out* sin gle power of Kurope now* at war, has held up in London tho thermometer ot exchange for all the world; still, we have the produc ing power of provisions and munitions ot i war. (Cheers.) While they are fighting, 1 thank <*od we car be feeding. (Laughter.) This, this is the salvo. Where the almighty dollar is made so much of, human food has I by the adventitious aid of causes now exist ; ing, advanced in value; wheat has doubled its price. I make these remarks in ordci to ! bring vour attention to the subject of the • public credit of the Stole of Virginia, whose I bonds have already touched eighty-five cents | in the dollar. How long thafctear may hist, what accidents may happen Troin it, what collisions may be produced by it, no human foresight can now see. But let us be pre ; pared, and then come what may,^ I p.edge uiyself—if elected Governor of Virginia— ! that, though direst necessity may come, come : what will, at all hazards, the public credit of the State of Virginia shall he preserved. ! (Enthusiastic applause.) Private honor is I precious; but, as infinitely higher than an ! individual is the State, so infinitely higher * than private honor is the houor of tho J>tate. j Reproach Virginia who will, reproach her i whoever is so inclined, no man can say that ! her honor has yet been stained. (Vociferous ! applause.) If 1 be elected Governor ot A ir j ginia, then, I tell you bluntly and briefly , if i t*) tax volt to defend her honor, l shall commend taxation, though ; make us groan. (Sensation./ Seit to pub lic credit, next to the honor oi the State, are I her great public woiks, m the high march oi | prosperity. You have never yet had—it is : unfortunate yon never have had—a system | of public works. Your works have been be ; gun without regard to their relative itnpor • tance. You have not completed one before 1 you have beguu another and another, iour public works arc without termini. Your canals and your railroads arc like ditches dug in the middle of a plantation, without outlet at either end. You appropriate lbr them to-day, neglect them to-uiorrow, and leave the appropriation ut the day aitei to morrow to repair decay. It i* time B|a* J0Ijie one or two. c*r as many as you can, oi ».if public works of the State of Virginia should be completed, in order to case the taxation oi j the public. H is time they should be com , plctcd, in order to render some profit to the 1 Mate. All that the State of N irginm has been wanting has been to reach out her arms to the great West—to tap the Ohio river—to join the Big Bend of the Ohio river with vour rivers in the Bast. You have re versed, in times past, the order of true policy. You have said, “Let us nave capi tal—let us have population, and then wo wi!l have a city.” But yon never will have i capital—you never will have population, I until you have the internal improvements to ! build up a city. Y’ou want commerce. Y ou j have bays, ijuays, roadsteads which "^u* ! float tho navies of the world; but you ha'C ! no seat of commerce—no centre c» trade has j yet pointed its spires to the heavens on the | soil of Virginia. That is because you have j completed noue of your public works.— [ Whatever difference of opinion, then, may have been as to the commencement of your I works of State improvement, now that they j are begun—now that millions have been ! spent and wasted upon them—now that you are obliged to be taxed in order to com plete them, the sooner you submit to tho taxation to complete your primary works the bettor. And the most expeditious and cer taiuly the most profitable way of completing your works of secondary importance is to com plete those of primary importance. If, then, elected Governor of the State of V irgima, I shall usi all the influence which I can wield consistently with the public credit and with the condition of the people to expedite the completion of all the works of primary im portance in the State. Next to your public works and yuur commerce, your agriculture j is the most important. The four great car dinal sources of production—the four great powers of production of national wealth are commerce, agriculture, manufacturing and mining. We have 64,000 square miles as rich iu every element of commerce—in every clement of agriculture, of manufacturing and mining, as any other 64,000 square miles on the face of the globe; and yet with all four powers iu her hand, Virginia has thus far in her history relied upon one source alone. [At this period of the oration the noise and confusion became so great from the press of people in the hall, that Mr. Wise halted in his speech, and invited persons immediately in front of the speaker to take places on the platform, so as to make room f<*r the crowd behind—a movement which procured vour reporters seats iu a more eligible location.— Mr. W ise, resuming said: -] l was saying when interrupted, that the State of Virginia has every element of com merce, of agriculture, of mining and of man ufacturing. On Chesapeake Hay, from the mouth of the Rappahannock to the Capes of the Chesapeake, you have roadsteads and harbors sufficient to float the navies of the world. From the River of Swans, on whose margin we are, down to the line of North Carolina, you have the Potomac, the Rappa hannock, the Penankatank, from Mob Jack Hay to James liver and the Elizabeth river— all meeting in the most beautiful <heet of water of all the seas of the earth. You have the bowels of your Western mountains rich in iron, in copper, in coal, in salt, in gyp sum, and the very earth is rich in oil which makes the very rivers inflame. You have the line of the Alleghany, that beautiful blue ridge which stands placed there by ttie Al mighty not to obstruct the way of the people to market, but placed there in the very boun ty of Providence to milk the clouds, to make the sweet springs which .ire the sourcesof your rivers, (tirest applause ) And at the head of every stream is the waterfall murmuring the very music of your power. (Applause.) ! And yet commerce has long ago .spread her i sails and sailed away from you; you have not as yet dug more than coal enough to warm yourselves at your own hearths; you have set no tilt hammer ot' Vulcan to strike ! blows worthy of gods in the iron foundries. 1 \ mii fwi'p hut vat mmn ninra thnn anat^a cut. ; ton enough, in the way of manufacture, to I clothe your own slaves. You have had no ! commerce, no mining, no manufactures.— You have relied alone on the single power of agriculture: and such agriculture! (Great laughter.) Your ledge-patches outshine the j sun. Yuiir inattention to your only source j of wealth has scared the very bosom of moth er earth. (Laughter.) Instead of having j To feed cattle on a thousand hills, you have i had to chase the stump tailed steer through I the ledge-patches to procure a tough Leef ! steak. (Laughter.; And yet, while your j trust has been in the hands of the old ne , grues of the plantation; while the master knows as little as his slave about the science, j applied science of agriculture, while com : merce and manufactures and mining have been hardly known, and agriculture has , been neglected—notwithstanding all that, and notwithstanding the effect «d this has ! bepn that you have parted with a- much ' population as you have retained: notwith ! standing all this, 1 sav, Old Virginia still ha" a million and a half of population left i within her limits. She still has her iron, her eoal, her gypsum, her salt, her copper. She still lias her harbors and livers, and her water power, and every source of vveaith which thinking men, active men, enterpri sing men, need apply to. j What boast like that can be made f«»r any | other State on the earth? What, then, is our duty as Virginians, as patriots, as men ! worthy of our lathers—worthy to be the inis , bands of our wives? What is our duty?— Come to the polls and vote against me and welcome. I am nothing. Ilecord your votes under the influence of any blind prejudice that you please. Kecord your votes against nr*. You strike down but an humble man when vou strike me down, and though you j strike down a man who is too proud to beg you to vote for him, yet lie would kneel as a | little child and implore you to come to the , polls, to do something to put forth your I strength to raise up this blessed old Gominon 1 wealth. (Great cheering.) ller head i* in I the dust. With all this plenitude of power, I she has been dwarfed in the Lnion; but by j her gods! I say that she has the power, now, • the energy, the resources—may I say the men? to be put upon the line of progress to ttie eminence of prosperity, to pas? New York yet faster in the I nimi than ever New ! York has passed her. (Cheers.) You have been called the “Old Dominion.” Let us as Virginians, I implore you, tbi* night resolve i that a new era shall dawn, ami that hence ! forth she shall be called the New Dominion, j (Cheering.) Give her commerce, aud she will have capital and population; she w ill have agri culture, miniug and manufacturing; and then she will want but one thing more—the enlightenment of her people. (Cheers.) — | She wants her popular instruction. I do | not mean to recommend to you, or to any i people within the limits of Virginia, any i little day school, night school, common scholl. a b c, single rule of three, or Deter j Darley Yankee system of instruction.— f LsnnditerA 1 want Mr. Jefferson’s noliev. f \ i ■ • ' | that he originally recommended to the State, to he consummated—an enlarged system of science, of literature, of learning, to he given i to all classes uf our people, to leaven the . whole lump. (Applause.) I care not how i blue a federalist that man may be who cur ses his red waistcoat, but Thomas Jefferson i h is three things recorded upon his tomb— j that he was the writer of the Declaration vf , the Independence of our country, the founder : of the University of Virginia, and the author ’ of the act of religious freedom. (Cheers.) | Jf*ur these three good works alone, every man —democrat or federalist—may kneel—pa triotically kncol—at his grave. (Cheers.)— j The great apostle of democracy never inten ded that the University of Virgiuia should ! be like Michael Angelo's dome in the hea | vens, without scaffolding <r support—never, i He intended that it should be a dome over root and cornice, and walla of colleges and academies, and of common schools; that it should be a dome, indeed, but tbc dome of a ; grand structure for the whole people. He intended that the University should superin tend the colleges, and that there should be a college for every centre; that tbc colleges should superintend the academies, and that j there should be an academy for every centre; : that the academics should superintend the ! common schools, and that tlier^ should be a ! common school for every centre, it'd knew what equality was. He knew what democra : cv was. He knew that the republican insti tutions of this land were based upon no other ' —no surer foundation than intelligence and | virtue. His democracy did not drag men j down from their elevation into the wire; but | his democracy levelled upwards. He knew j that if this man's son had all the means of education, of common schotl, of academy, of i college and of university, and then might i travel abroad for Ins learning, he could not j be the equal of the son of the father, who j had to work for his daily food. lie knew ! that if it was inhuman fur the parent to j starve the body of a child, it was much more inhuman to starve the niiud of a child.— I (Cheers.) He knew that if you could afford I to raise taxes for alms houses and pauper ! houses, to feed the bodies of the poor, it was much more the doty of the Stato mother to furnish mental food to her children. His democracy wqf like tb? principle of Christian « charity—like the great virtue of Christian charity—it elevated men to the highest plat form of elevation—high as kings heads, made them sovereigns indeed, to stand equai j foot, equal head—uncontradicted, except by the laws of God—with equal opportunities , for ail; it reached down, t* raise men up to the common level of the highest. He knew that property—property winch must he taxed for instruction—had no other muniment, no other defence, no other safe reliance for it* protection, but intelligence among the people. (Applause.) Is there a rich man, .ieo, in thi& assembly that loves a dollar better than the intelligence of the people? Is there any old bechelor among you. w ho has no child of his own, who is too mean to support some poor man’s daughter as hi- vile, or f*» be rich in ha*ing -ome rich man - daughter t*» ; support him? (Laughter.) Is there a man in the State who has already educated his s -ns, who is no v unwilling to he taxed in order that his poor neighbor’s children may he educated—educated not only in the common school, but in the academy, the college, the university? If there he, let hiui remeuilier that before he dies his title to his property may have to be tried by a jury to say wheth er that property be hi- own or not, and n God shall iet him live till he dies (laughter,) ' and he can keep what property he has, let him remember that there is such a thing as what lawyer- call devisabit vei non, that a jurv max ha\e to decide whether or nor he had sen.-e enough to make Ins will when in* died. An ad valorem tax upon property i the appropriate tax for the education of the children of the people. Property owes it defence to the virtue and intelligence ot the people, and property ought, therefore, to be j taxed tor the education of the people.— ; (Cheers.) We want one school for this State j that will revive our agriculture. M e want a school like the Mechlin Institute of Prussia— j an institute oi applied sentence—an institute , not to teach political economy and send ! young gentlemen to tiie Legislature before i they have hardly picked in their tuition; but ; an institute that will teach them domestic , economy, the proper relation between floating and fixed capital at home—how much money a man must have to buy—how much land, and how* much stock, and how many imple ments he must have; an institute that w ill teach the physiology of animals and plant-; an institute that will teach natural philoso . phy and the di-eases of animals and plants. * Theu. gentlemen, tlie father who has spent . • i • • i . • .. 1' ' i»is me in acquiring rein e*ut»e, m sj.ieajtng 1 out his broad acres, in adding family to 1am ily of slaves, may die with a son instructed how to manage ihe estate. Ton will then have, or it will he your opportunity to have, ' the same privilege that the German baron has, of sending y >ur son for his two, or three, or four, or live year- apprenticeship t<» an institute of that kind that will teach him agricultural chemistry and every other sci ence neecssarv to enable him to manage an estate of hurls and negn-es. 1 lie present condition of things ha> existed too long in Virginia. The landlord has skinned the ten ant, and the tenant has -kinne 1 the land until all haw; grown poor together, t Laughter.) . J have heard a story—1 v ill not locate it here or there—about tne condition ‘*f the prospe rity of our agriculture. 1 w as to!d by a gen tleman in Washington, not long ag*1, that he was trundling in a county not a hundred miles from this place, ai d overtook «»ne • { our citizens on horseback. with perhaps a hag of iiav for a -addle, w it limit stirrups, and the leading line tor a bridle; and lie said, “.Stranger, whose hou-e i* ibai? “It is mine, was the reph. They came to anoth er. “W hose li-mse is thai?’’ “Mine, too, stranger. ’ To a third; “And whose h<»u.-e 1 is that?" “That’s mine, too stranger; but ; don't suppose that I am so darned poor as t > own all the land about here, i Laughter.)— W e may own land, we may own slaves, we may own roadstead and mines, we mav have * , , *■ , all the elements ui wealth, out unu-s we apply intelligence, unless we adopt a tho rough system of instruction, it i.- utterly im possible that we can develop**, av we ought to develop?, and as Virginia is prepared now to ; do, and to take the line »-f march towards ! the very eminence of prosperity. She is in the anomalou-condition of an .id .State that 1 has all the capacitic- of a new one—of a new ! State that has all the capacities of an old one. Unite with me, then 1 implore you; ; unite with each other; )f>t u* a* Virginians resolve that there shall be a long pull, a , strung pull and a pull altogether, without j distinction of party, without prejudice of party—that there shall he a united brother hood of Virginians to rear the head ol the old mother common wealth out of the du*t.— i (Cheers.) if 1 am elected Governor of the State of Virginia, it shall he my devotion, my earnest endeavor, in sea-on an 1 out of season, to promote her public credit, her in ternal improvements, her commerce, her :*g i riculluie, her mining and manufacturing, : and her popular instruction. W ell, now gentlemen, is not that enough ? Are these topics not sufficient for an election for Chief Magistrate for the State of Vir ginia? Is there anything else worth con isideriug? With conscientious, with consid erate men, with nr n determined to cast aside minor things, mere prejudice-, w hether personal or political, is these not enough in I those six cardinal points to guide your votes and to govern this election ? What more do you want ? Why, you are in the habit of \ di cussing federal politic*; and permit mo to say to you, very honestly and verv openly, ; that next to brandy, next to caul placing, ’ _ A A l - - - - * 1 • • 1 ^ « i iiriuu ihm.-c i jibing, uie luiog u,ai nu> »i,f Virginia more harm than any other in the course ol* her pa>t history has been Inn* in satiable appetite f. r federal politics.— (Cheers and laughter.) She has given all her great men to the Union. Her Washing ton, her Jefferson, her Madison, her Marshall j —her galaxy ol great men she has given to the l nion. \\ hen and where have her best | sons been at work, devoting their best ener ; gies to her service at home ! Richmond, in stead uf attending to ilichmonds business, has been too much in the habit of attending to the affairs of Washington city when there are plenty then* <i..i knows, to attend t«> ! them, them-eUes. (Laughter.) If yon want my opinions upon to leral politic-, ' though. J shaii not skulk them. The most prominent subject is that of the foreign war. It is said that this administration is a “do ; nothing adniini'trution.” To its honor 1 can ! claim ot every fair-minded uian of you—to ; its hunor I can claim that it is at least pre ; serving our ncutsality in the foreign war.— | (Loud and prolonged applause.) I concur ! with them in that policy, and here let me ! *&y, that, so (ar as I am concerned, iny sen ! titoents are utterly opposed to any filibuster j ing in any part ol the world. (Cheers.) Then you have the question of the public lands. We are told, now-a-davs, that all tlio ! old issues are dead. It is not so. If there | has been one thing next to the constitution of the United States more than another among our institutions which has b^en grand, and : great, aud good, it has been the operation uf the great land ordinance of 1787. It came, ! like roost of the institutions of North Ameri | ca, by inspiration from Heaven. There is no : prototype of the land svstem of the I’nited States in aucient or modern times. Th»ro is ; nothing like it in the feudal saytero. There | is nothing like it in any of the examples of : modern hurope. Its very beauty ie its sim ! plicity. An oainent domain; a virgin soil, | richer thun any that God’s sun ever shone i upon, or heaven’s dews ever watered; the simple system of sectioning the public lands by North and South, Kast and West lines, making them the homes of the ■ brave and of the free, clear’ of all litigation —selling them at the lowest price, at a mini mum that is within the react! of the poorest man, and graduating the price before expos t ed to sale at tlit* minimum b\ an infinifisemal graduation—those who have beeu denounc ing the graduation ol the public lands might to remember that there cover has been a time wheu the price of the public lands was not graduated; that they have ever been exposed first to public sale before they have been exposed tor sale for the minimum price ol a dollar and a <|Uirter. You bad ati eminent domain, which was a sacred trust, tor the common use and benefit of all the States of the Union. You had that eminent do main under your own care, to which the •poorest tnan, the forlorncst man of the bast, might go for a home in the West.— You had ro«.m there for the frontier man, tor the actual settler, armed with the .'•tuple implement of the logwood ax«* t » hew out unto himself a home lor settlement, to strike the light ot the log cabin, and to in vite the oppressed ot every land to oui land for an asylum, with a soil rn*h enough to grow a vine luxuriant enough t*» shade him and his dwelling all over, where there were none to make him afraid. (Cheers.) If you ask me for my opinion in relation to the public lands, i will tell you mat first and turenioftt, next, at least topreserving the the sacred trust as a source ot revenue to ease taxation by customs. I would pro tect, by all the protective policy in my power, the actual settlers upon our pun lie land'*. ( Cries of “good, good.”) I have been in the \\ e^t; 1 have seen the frontiersman; i have broken his bread: 1 have drank of his cup: 1 know his enterprise: I know his manhood; I know his privations: 1 know his courage; I know' his endurance; and I know that he is the best ot the right arm of the power of his country. (Cheers*) I know that with his logwood axe alone, he has laid the empires of no less than seven teen sovereignties in our confederacy. 1 would protect him, while at the same time I would conserve the eminent domain ot this country, as a source of revenue, to be held as sacred as the revenue by customs. I would protect it from the partial legislation of Congress. 1 would prevent the public lands from being the prey and the plunder of politicians. 1 would protect them from latidjohbers and politicians, i would pre vent them from becoming a source of corrup tion to Congress, thereby destroying our State rights and our State sovereignty.— (Loud cheers.) I would protect them tram me electioneering of parties; and any bill that has the'C hi view has my concurrence. The President of iheL.S. tells us that U00 of acres of the public lands have been disposed of during the past year, and that onlj 7,0UU,0UU have been sold. Thus, with out law, while 7,fHK),U0U have been sold, lfi, UHU,UUU have teen given away: ami tin* price of the public’lands, without changing the minimum, has been reduced and gradua ted with a vengeance. As to the subject of internal improve ments, that, too, if* alive and kicking. That part of “the American system’ is red a • lead issue. Congress has been passing har bor and river bit is. it is a part of toe sys tem of the light-houses of the skies ot iSliS. It is a part of “the American system.” and 1 thank Cod that not only has there been a Hickory and a Tyler, but that now there is 1 found a Pierce to thunder his veto against such measure*. (Croat cheering.) You are told that the tariff is a dead issue. That, ton, is alive. Such arc the energies and r*—cur«-»*s of this country, that we have paid the debt **f the war of the Revolution, we have paid the debt of the second war of Independence, and we have paid the debt of the war with Mexico: and now there is a pro position for a reduction ot the revenue. .V question ari-e**, shall that reduction be made upon the protected or the unprotected class ot articles ? On that subject, I stand where i have ever stood—a tree trade man. t Loud ■ cheers.) Rut, gentlemen, I am hurrying over all these topics to get at one which it the sub ject of the day—the fatal subject of discus sion. I mean the inter-state relations of this Cnion on the subject of slavery. I'have ha i a very severe training in collision with the nstutest, the acutest, the arenest enemy of Southern slavery th it ever existed. 1 mean the “Old Man Kioqueut,’’ John f^uin ev Adams, i must have been a dull boy in deed if I bad not learned my lemons | thoroughly on that subject. And b*t me tell ! you that, again and again, I had reason to | know and to feel the wisdom and the saga ! city of that departed man. Again and again, in the lobby, on the floor, he tol l me. i told me vaunting!v, that the pulpit would preach, and the school would teach, and the j press would print, among the people who : had no tie and no association with slavery, : until, would not only he reached the slave ■ traic between the State-, the slave trade in j the Pistrict of Columbia, slavery in the Pis j trict, slavery in tlm Territories, but slavery i in the Mates. Again and again, he said 1 that he would not a hi 1 sh slavery in the P s i trict of Columbia if he could; for he would retain it as a bone of contention, a fulcrum 1 of the lever for agitation, agitation, agita | ti**11, until slavery in the States was shaken ; from its base. And his prophesies have j been fulfilled—fulfilled lar faster, and more j fearfully, certainly, than ever lie anticipated j before he died. \\ hen 1 left the House ot ; Representative** at that Capitol, ten years j ago, had 1 said to Mr. Adams, “Sir, to me j it seems that the Congress of the l nited States can carve out a piece of slavery ierri ■ torv and make it free soil,’ he would have .mi, sir; « imgrc** wm i.oi u.uu attempt *ucii a Ttiing: it would be :i '**•>/.'• h-Ui if thev did.” And u*t. have you n*»t 8<*en that C-mgre** has carved out, i’t round numbers, il.UtHl equate miles iruin the slave j State of Texas? Have y«»u not seen a l’riga* j dier General {Kiley) of the Lnited Stares ! Army, with his epaulettes on his shoulder?, j cv»eked hat upon his head, an i sword at hi* | side, in full panoply of uniform, acting as a I Brigadier General of the standing army <»l 1 the United States, go into the territory oi California, and there, with the right arm and tin* leit arm of executive power—ttie army and navy—at his command: have you not ►ecu him, I say, under the pretext that tho armv and navy could not protect person? ■ and property, proclaim from the camp a Territorial Legislature, a Territorial judicia ry, from ti ibumih'S supmor** down to the Alswltf Have vou not seen Jiim constitute himself Chief Executive—Territorial Kxecu tive ? How dared a Brigadier General <d j the United States standing army thus to assume the power of usurping Territorial government? Had he been court martiaied | lie wou’ef have produced his order from a Delaware Secretary of State (Mr. Clayton) and he would have replied that the sgIuh }*opu!i—the safety of the people—required this territorial usurpation by a Brigadier ! General of the United States army. Well, if it did require the civil power—as well as the army and navy—why, the plea ol n«*ce&* j pity was met. There was ’the Legislature, there was the judiciary, there was the civil executive, as well as the Brigadier General, who had at his command the navy and the I army that was there. How dared lie then, to go further, after the plea of necessity was 1 sufficiently met, and after the safety of ! the people was secured? How dared he 1 go forth and proclaim the time, place, . and manner of holding elections? Liec* j lions f»r what ? Kieetions for a Convtn* | tion. Convention, for what? To form a constitution. A constitution, for what? To ; create a State—a sovereignty. Yes, by pro clamation from the camp of the Brigadier General of the standing army of the United ; Slates, elective franchise was created. He i gave it to Chilean, to Chinese, to Patagonian j to Peruvian, and—last, though not least—to i a Georgia representative in Congress (Thomas Butler King.) And after creating suffrage to create a convention—the highest act oft he people— onventiou to create a con stitution, constitution to create a .State, a sovereign State—the highest act of creation that can be |>erfornied by huinau power—an act next only to those of Deity—no higher act can the people themselves exert—he inducted California a free soil State into the l nion. Thus free soilism has been proclaimed lrom the camp ot the standing army. And what lias been the result? “Acquiesce" was the word; “acquiesce." They have traded on the pi..us attachment of the people of the 1 nited States to that palladium of liberty, the union of the States. They have traded upon the fueling of alarm for the I'uion which was never in danger— imver, never. 1 hey made "acquiesce" the password f«»r the people. An l what did we get in return? We got a free soil law. (Derisive cheers.) We got the grant of the constitution itself—the gli>riou» privilege of catching runaway nig o-ers. For that, for that we have submitted to 14,000 square miles ol slave State territory being takcu and converted into free soil ter ritory. For that we have acquiesced in the proclamation id tree soil California troin the camp of the landing army of the Cubed States, without authority ot Congress. Aye, but they tell me it was all sanctioned by the people.* The people! The word people has two significant)!**. It is either a mere ag gregate < i human beings or it is ui organiz ed aggregate of human beings. Nothing short of an organized aggregate of human beings in California could ever have sanc tioned this usurpation: there was no organiz ed aggre£tteof human beings, either to per mit the usurpation or to sanction the usur pation. but we got the fugitive slave act. But how execute it? Can we execute it? A mas ter from the State of Maryland, directly after thea.-t was passed, went t > Pennsylvania to recover his property; he was murdered; and iudoeand jury could not be found to execute ' the law, to render a verdict i.r pass judgment upon the crime of murder itself, in that case. At last a Virginia master, Iron) this town, I believe, went to 11 »stoii to have the law exe cuted. and to execute it the Marshal had to call on the President of the Cubed States— and, thank Cod, there was a democratic New Hampshire Predientof the Cubed States, who was readv to obey the call. (Cheers.) The army and navy were ordered to protect the marshal in the performance of his duty, j He did perform his duty, at an expense of! Si,'l.tMio t.i the city of Boston, and of more than sl(>0,000 to the government and to in dividuals: and the captive was brought back by reclamation t<» Virginia. And what lias j been the consequence? Now we come to the dragon’s teeth. Mr. Adams' prediction has been fulfilled. The preachers have begun.— The three thousand preachers of Christian politics opened their battery from the pre*«. 1 have here a specimen of one of their ser- , mon>, which I beg leave to read !•». you. I hold in my band a discourse called “The ULMiJirion «tf Aritonr burns, its Causes and t'onscquences: a i>isc<urse on Christian Poli ties delivered in William-’ Hail, Boston, Whitsunday. June 4, Hoi.”—1 beg you, gentlencii, to remember that date—4th of i June, 1 >.34—because some prophecies are made in that sermon which are won derful prophecies, if this preacher did j nut know something—( aughterl—“by j James Freeman Ciarke, Minister of the Cuurch of the I>isciples,M published by re 1—second edition of two thousand—print ed at Bo-ton. It commences with introducto- ! rv services. Ther* is—first the reading the p*alms—'laughteri—second, a hymn; third, selections from t!. • prophet.-: fourth, prayer: fifth, reading of Scripture—selections troni the lamentations of .Jeremiah —'great laugh ter)—sixth, a hymn:— •Men. whose boast it i> that ye i Come from fathers brave and ir*»p— , I: there breathes on earth a slave. Aie ve truly free and brave? They are -laves who dare not speak For the fallen and the weak. They are >laves who will not choose, | Hatred, scoffing and abuse, Bather than in silence shrink I From :he truth thev needs must think i They am slaves who dare not he i In the right with two or three." ((ireat laughter.) ! These are cabilistic terms, gentlemen.— j i “Two or three.” Then comes seventhly, the ) sermon: — 1-i tins the city, which men call the per fection of beauty, the joy of the whole earth? i Her gates are sunk into the ground. He hath destroyed and broke her bars. Her kings and princes arc among Gentiles. I he : law is no more. Her prophets ah-o find no vision from the Ford. That is the text. The preacher says: i “I have invited you here this morning to meditate on the facts of the week—the phe nomenon which lias occurred in the streets of i 1 Boston. l iie -lave power which has tri uinphcd in Congress over the right-* of the j \wi tb, which has violated sacred compacts, , and broken contracts, has * * oomo ; N'-rtli to Boston, taken possession of the ; court-house, so a» to govern our whole police j force, our whole military force, and suspend and interrupt the business of our citizens; * until its demands can be satisfied. * * * i I’l... n 1.01VOP itrui’n flu* I lid 1:1 f l-i iMIt (if - Georgia, bring*4 on *i 1 l<.>rida war, find, at last grown bolder, proposes to annex IVxas as a slave State, and after a struggle carries the main feature ut that trail-action. It was done avowedly to prevent the abolition of , slavery and to strengthen the -lave power.— Not only wa*. th> purpose declared in Cmi j gres> i.v Mr. Henry A. \N i-e and others, but j also bv'.Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of State, in j dinloiii.i:i<* corre^pomience with Mr. 1 aken ham, the llritish Minister. * * * A . 1.1m l a iherenee to party is another cau«e of t our present position. 1 he mere names of ! whig, democrat, or free toiler are now worth nothing.” Ho von not hear some talk like that now? • “We inu-t have men to vote for—upright, downright and outspoken. In that i* your list hope—your only '•ecurity.” Again— *• sibvl, each time we reject her offer, demands a higher price. W hat ►he wi-w.d have done in 18.30 she will not do now. — What the will do now she will not do five . \ ears hence. ' 1 he country’ is at last awaking. The great West i- awaking. Ohio is w heeling into line, and w ill he perhaps the leader in the coming struggle, i What coming fetruggle? How did this , ! preacher kuow that Ohio was wheeling into ‘ ‘ line as early as the 4th of June, 18-34? Again— '•Northern enthusiasm, when fully aroused, lias alwavi* been more than a mutch for Sou thern organization — Northern conscience.” Oh! Gods! (Great laughter.) Northern ; conscience! Take a shark skin, and let it ! dry to shagreen—skin the rhinoceros—£o , then and get the silver sled and grind it, and when you have grouod it, then take the hone and whet it till it would split a hair, | and with it prick the sbagtren or the shark shin, and then go and try it on Northern conscience! (Cheers and laughter.) “Northern conscience, slow but stubborn, ; mure than a match for Southern impetuosity! I So may it be still. If right is very apt to be I overthrown at fired, it is sure of victory in the : end— Careless seems the great avenger, History’s pages but record, One death struggle in the darknfp*. Twixtold systems and the ‘word," Truth forever or the scadold, Wrong forever or the throne. Vet that sratf'old sways a future, And behind the dim unknow n Standefh God within the shadow, Keeping watch above bis own. And this is th« first time that this praaob (T 01 * unsuHii pouuca uas nameo O,* whole sermon: — “May to-day, he continues, be u I’entuvit to the cause of humanity; to-day may the servants of Uhrist be everywhere stakin'’ with one tongue, as the Spirit give* them n?. terauee. May all our devoti -ns and a lions be—” This i«j fusion. “That all true lovers of libertywl.eth*r they call themselves whig, democrat, free Hoiler or abolitionist—be united in one < aim and honest purpose, that onee again aii u ar be of one speech and one t-ngue. V* e i!.u*t be united; we must sacrifice everything* unite iu one great Northern party all friends of freedom aud hunianitv. i.»*t u, forget the p>i»t( and gladiy receive l»*lptr !n all. Let us reproach uone, because tho*e wL come in at the eleventh hour—whoever rr pent and do deeds meet to renerin-n.v. if he has been a servant of kidnapper*, & United States Commissioner or Marshal, editor of a sham democratic paper. or w r-.* than all, a lower law l'octor of Ivii.itv._ Whoever will repent, let him be welcome. Let us be calm/’ And “calm/' there, means not only com posed hut silent and secret. “Let us put the calmest, coolest man in fu r: to lead us; let the most cautious alvi-e ai.J tell us what to do: let those of u» who Ur years have been speaking, now li*ten ; r words fr»in those whose turn ha> come r. speak. The anti-slavery platform welcomes its new orator* from State street and L i e wharf. Let u> not by any rashness lo*e thr opportunity of unitingali men. As regarb the Southern threat ot ui** dving the l in r. that has now lost its terror. It we had d,* B regarded it ten years ago we should not lmr been in such danger of dissolution of th* Union as we are to-day. The majority ot the North to-day have no objection to a dis solution of the Union. In this community, where one man was opposed to the 1 niori * week ago, a hundred men are op|-*»sel t . i* to-dav. The danger <*f dissolution of tl- B Union now is from the North, not from th* South, if some effective measure- are i. taken to prevent the rendit on of another ft. giti\c in m the Northern States. We can ail determine t > support no man her-a;t**r ! r any public oilice in the federal or State „ a crinnetits who is not openly pledged to tiv tilings, tir*t, the abolition of tlie ohn.-xi u> P clause of the Nebraska bill; second, the right of trial by jury for fugitives; third, tin* ex !e sion of si tvery from the territory: fourth, the admission of no more slave States; fifth, the abolition of rhe l nion, if these tiling* canm : he obtained." That is what they call ••Christian politic* ia Boston. (Laughter.) What is the result of su«*h preaching. >uch • teaching, such printing? What has I the result of the pu:pit, the school fi ,u*«*. and the press at the North upon this subi- ’ tieutlomen. but a short tilin' bark. .Vw Lngiand—Mas*aentisetts especially—ha«i bi.: one i&m w ithin her limits. and that wa* 1 ritariism, the religion of the good old nanters and Congregationalists—Uuritani-n. full of vitality, full of spirituality—Uuriur: i.-m that made even the warren r«»« -k ot I U mouth to t’ructifv, that made the New hin landers a strong people, that made t. rich people, that made them a learned j*e pic. But since they have waxed tat, sii ** thev have begun to i>mld churches l»y l u terv. begun to moralize mankind by legi laU-ui. begun to play petty providence-, t : the pe »plc, begun to be Protestant P* t **• over the consciences of men, b**gun to { r»*:iei •Chri-tieii politics,' such as y u hm<* hear!. Puritanism has disappeared, and wr I. o iri place of ir l nitariani-m, l inver-ah-ir.. Fourierism, Millcrism. Morin*»uiMi»—ah ti. odds and ends ».f i-nr—until at last \- u have a grand fusion of all those odds and ci. :« of isms in the omnium •jathn'vui o| ism*, culled Know Norhingism. (Cheers. laugh ter, and hissee.) What i- it? Now, i wid. not to oftend any man in this assembly, because l would fain believe of our Virgin ians who are uniting themselves with thi* a» soeiation, that their motives and tln-ir act are as innocent as mine. I would tain b*d »**•*• that no man in the State of Virginia me more than simply vine political end by mu ting himself with this n-sociatioh, and t*» *u men—conscientious, thinking-im-n, w ho nieH'i no more than to nick up a -tick with vv!ii-*a to bruise the head of democracy — I w ill only sav, beware! my friends; you may be pirk ing up a serpent that will -ring you u> deni |v as it will democracy. (Cheersand stump irigof leer.; I assail no motive* here, hy may be, according to that passage of Scn; ture which we sometimes read—that kith verse of the loth chapter of 2) SarnuH. which tells vou that two hundred men w**tit out from Jerusalem with Absalom, when h left his father; that they “went out in their simplicity, and that knew n<*t anything.’ (Laughter.) And Biship Hail most phatic-illy comments upon that, by -avir; that the *JM) went out in tln-ir simplicity, i knowing anything, and they were im*i**!y loyal rebels; but Absalom knew what i:* was ub"Uf; be knew something; he kro^ I that when the trumpet blew behind. • I should be understood by the people that Av 1 salom reigneth in Hebron; and 1 t*il y"U I that there is an Absalom at work wI Know Nothingism. (Hreat cheering *'■ Home hisses.) . “What i- it? Where did it conn* fr-ir What can it be? Hid it fall from the ?k}'J Hid it rise from the sea? I roll you that there is no wonder about , | i tell you that I know it lrom A t*» /. know where it came from. I kn< v: wle-re *:l . was engendered. 1 know what it ha* d"i j and i can exchange with you, my u ■* 1 every sign, every grip, every pass, i l.m;1 SJ ter.j 1 know its white triangles and r« n | triangles, its red arrow tops and its wli.’*| 5 arrowtop*. I know your odd numerals at | your even numeral*. I know your < J from A to M inclusive, and 1 know \ I j evens from X t»» Z inclusive, (I/uighn*- 1 Xovv, where did it come from? It i•» m» t. | tiling. It is no strange thing. Alt 1* | is-a wonder here, it lias been operating' 4 years and years in Uhl England. \ ou ti ' l -a will go to a bookstore and buy I>i-k*i>k,| Jj novel of “Hard Times’ will see a portin'.| of the thing, and bow it ha* operat’ d r *1 1 country with an aristocracy and a b!»v* w ith lord proprietors of factories; a:id <1 ian j which they rent to middle men vhogt I | down the operatives. There, in Kngi»t-: j the secret association id’ the operatic I I against griuding capital, I grant you, i- ’l j done much good. There, tiiere is some r j cessity for it; there, where men’s n -y*4 I 1 held to the grindstone by oppression: 1 where all the luxuries are tree, and «!» ’ 8 necessaries of life are taxed, there, "• J| the operuti\e is made to bear ail ' j burdens of society; there, where u,r S is a crowned bead ami an aristocrat} J there, dark lantern, secret as-ociati’-e. ! ‘ j « oaths have brought forth some r* i r::‘ p S Well, seeing it- effect in tliat country—lA I 'Jj ter Hall- the abolitionists of England ’ I | over to the preachers-of “Christian I;9 in Bofrtou and Xrew York, to apply *t\c')|,9 chinery to tbe North and the uuh j holding States. {Cheers and hisses. > T*c |1 brought it over. They have tried it. 'I j they had it organized as early as June *•- J J 1654. They knew its potency. They r'‘ 19|| its effect. Therefore it was that Mr. , ,B1B man Clarke could tell you that he 19 that Ohio was wheeling into line. »L | p thing was all planned—all nrganiz-d—^T 9 it did sweep Massachusetts and New ^ ‘1 9 and Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. *C'B X Hela#ure and Ohio, and Indiana and » • ■ X nois, and Michigan and Iowa. It has 9 them with the besom of uestruot^ BS fC beers and laughter.) 19 (zo m CONM9MU-) 19