Mower County transcript. [volume], December 09, 1885, Image 5

About Mower County transcript. [volume] (Lansing, Minn.) 1868-1915

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
THE TRANSCRIPT
SUPPLEMENT.
AUSTIN, WEDNESDAY, DEC. 9, 1885.
EDUCATIONAL
C. D. HELDEN, EDITOR.
rube'a Method in Primary Number*..
(Notes from Miss Sprague's Institute
-talks.)
This method is named for its discoverer,
a German teacher, who was boru aboyt
the year 1820. After leaving the public
schools, Mr. Grube was employed for
many years as tutor in a private family.
Afterwards he abandoned teaching, in
ttider to devote himself exclusively to
literature. He is still living, in Southern
Germany or Austria, but is reported to
be blind. About the year 1840 Mr. Grube
published his "Methcd of Teaching Arith­
metic to Beginners." He has als« writ­
ten and published a number of other
works, among wkich is "Historical Pic­
tures." The principles of Grube's meth­
od are these: (1). Perform the funda­
mental principles, addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division, together with
simple fractions upon each number be
fore proceeding to develop the next num­
ber, never allowing any result to exceed
the highest number considered. (2). De­
velop the values of new numbers by means
of objects. (3). Illustrate every pro
cess by using many objects. (4). Lei
the order of w®rk be (a) objects, (b) prac­
tical applications, (c) practical questions
i»y children, (d) the abstract statement.
(5). Let every lesson in numbers be also
a lesson in language. (6). Compare or
measure each nurriber by all the num­
bers preceding it.
SUGGESTIONS.
(1). See that the childreu do the work,
the teacher guiding and correcting. (2).
Have most of the auswers given separ­
ately, but sometimes let the class answer
in concert for variety and to save time.
(3). Have a special lessou to teach pupils
to make litruresand signs. (4). See that
all the figures are made correctly, aud all
the work done with neatness. (5). Use
objects until children can work intelli­
gently without them. If a pupil fails in
recitation let him correct himself by re­
ferring to the object. (6). Haye more
than half of the work concrete. (7). Teach
children to work correctly and then rap­
idly. (8). Make haste siowly. (9). Mr.
Grube's plan was to carry this .work, as
indicated, simply to include ten, but we
find it practicable to carry it as far as
fifty.
ADVANTAGES OP GRUBE'S METHOD.
(1). It affords a greater variety, heuce
is more interesting. (2). Multiplication
tables are learned without couscious ef­
fort on the part of teacher or scholar. (3).
Children understand and work with sim­
ple fractions as readily as whole numbers.
(4). By this method, puoils begin the
study Of numbers earlier than by other
methods. (5). The mental powers, per­
ception, memory, comparison, imagina­
tion and reason art exercised in every
lesson. (6). The number lessons give
constant opportunity for language train
ing.
^rPARATUS.
(1.) Make use of small familiar objects
which can easily be obtained and bandied
by the pupils, as spools, buttons, short
slate pencils, large sized shoe pegs, peb­
bles, little shells, blocks, splints, colored
beaas. or corn. &c. (2). As numbers are
developed apply them to objects in the
room, as doors, windows, desks, chairs,
child en, panes ot glass, «fcc., &c. (3).
For teaching fractions have strips of tape
or paper, which may be measured or cut
during the lesson also draw lines upon
the board, vertical, horizontal and
oblique, of different lengths for the same
purpose. (4). For teaching the decimal
notation, have bundles of stout tooth­
picks and rubber bands you may also
use oue cent pieces, dimes and dollars.
Have a pine board about one foot wide
and 2 feet long, with holes large enough
to hold single splints, also bunches of
tens and «f hundreds, and hive the pupil
count out and transfer from one row to an­
other. Do not teach the technical names,
plus, minus, &c., during the first year.
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