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r s-.-f :.; . : FREMONT, SANDUSKY COUNTY, MARCH 22, 1851. NUMBER 2. f VOLUME III. v 17 li fcl li1 W A IV Jl U. U .U J JI.'J ti. i .U. ! N C - . 4 tm in 'J 'I t -ft t i i J ' i 3 i 'I 1 1 4 1 1 J 1 i - 4 FREMONT FREEMAN: J. S.FOTJKE, Editor and FaMisher. The TKit, is published every Slufdy morn-lnt-Offic la BucktmiiTii Brick Building third story; .Frirwl.8iMtdBsfcYcontT.Ohi. 5 .; -"' "f ' . - TERMS. . " , 8in.l mail subscribers. nervear, ' 1 SO Clubs ofleo mnd upwards, Is one address ' - 1 37) ClBtw or fifteen " - - 1 ira Town subscribers will be charred I 75.' The dif ference in the terms between the price en pspers delivered in town and those sent by mail! i occa sioned by the expense oTcarrTine. "When the money is not paid in advance, as above .-;fi1- Tin Dollars will be charged if paid with- in the ye-ar, if not paid ttntil after the expiration of tin year. Two IKitisrs ana r in; "" d These terms will be striotlj adhered to. How to Stop a Pari First see that yon have paid for it np to the time yon wish it to stop; notify the fost Master oi your m-mre, muu ify the publisher, onder his frank, (as he is author led to do) of yonr wih to discontinoe. . RATES OF ADVERTISING. One square 131ina first Insertion.... ...$0 SO Do V, ch addilionnl insertion... .... Do J Three months. ........... .... Io f- -Six months.. ....... Do v One year.. ... v ' Two qareSix mouth. ....... .... Do . One veer.... 25 2 00 3 50 ...... 5 00 .' 6 00 ...... 1000 ......1800 ......30 00 Haircalnmn One yver...... . ' One colomn One yesr.... . Business Directors. FREMONT FREEMAN JOB PBIXTIXO OFFICE! We are now prepared to execute to order, in a ateat and expeditious manner, and Upon the fairest terms; al most all descriptions of : JOB PRINTING; SUCH AS Business Cards. !'' Hxads, Cihcolars. Mills or Lauius, IfASnBllLS, - Catai.osuxs, "-' Show Bills, ' TurncKs' Blarls, Lawyers' Blares, CERTiriCATM, 1RAFTS, Rills, Bask Chicks,- Law rASKS. ' Ball Tickets. etc., ktc. We wonld sav to thoee of or friends tcno are in want of such work, yon need not go abroad to get it done, when it can be done jest as good at home. ....... . I. O. O. F. CkoohaK Lodge, Xo. 77, meeU at the Odd Fel Iowa' Hall, in Bucklaud'a Brick Building, every Saturday evening. ' - '--' PEASE Sa BOBEBTS, . .ARitFACTCrlfK OT Copper, Tin, and SUcet-iron Ware, . IIB DEALRRS IH tTes, Wool, Eides, Steep-pelts, Rags, Old Copper, Old Stoves, &c: ALSO, ALL SORTS OF GBS VUiK TAKKBB KOTIONS Pease' Brick Block, Wo. 1. ' ' ...... - . FREMOjST, OHIO. ' '-' 32 STEPHEN BCCKLANB & CO ' - J DEALERS IN Drngs, Medicines, Paints, Dye-Stuffs, Books, Stationaay,'&c.t " ' ; " FREMONT, OHIO. - - T'khWABB F. BICKIXSiOW, 'Attoracyanu Counsellor at lawt --, FREMONT, OHIO. Office One door eonth of A. B. Taylor's store, up lain. ; Ang. 31, 1&50. i ICAU'II P. BCCKI.ASBI Attorney aM Counsellor at Law, And Solicitor in Chancerv, will ntiend to rrofesa tonal business in Sandusky and adjoining eouotiee. Office Second storv of Dockland's Block. . FREMONT, OHIO. - . .- JL. CRKKltK. ' ' V'H. ARRKSLKT. - GREEWE Mc ASXESLEV, " Attnrurr t I w & Solicitor in Chancery, WiM give lhir nnrfivitled attention to rofenion al business iiitmeted tc their care in Sauduaky and djonrning coiwties. - ' '' '' Office In the second story of Dockland's Block. : ' : FREMONT, OH 10.- . -: -CIIESTEU EDGEBTOWl . : AttorneT and Connsellor at Law, . And Solicitorin Chancery, will carefully attend o sll professional business left in his charge. Hi will also attend to the collection of claims fcc, in this and adjoining counties. Office Second story Buckland's Block. V v , -. FREMOMT. OHIO. ' 1 B- J. BXUTJL.ETT, AttorneT and Counsellor at Law, r Will give his undivided attentiou to professional business in Sandusxy ana me aajoining counties. Office Over Oppenheimers Store.' t . FREMONT, OHIO. ; ' 1 PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, i Office North side of the Turnpike, nearlyppo- ile the rostOttice. . : FREMONT, OHIO. - 14 . , - PJEKKE BEAITGRAWDj PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, Respectfully tenders hie professional services to the citizens of t remont and vicinity. Office One door" north of E. N. Cook's Store. 1)B. J. CI1AMBEULLV, , Botanic Physician, T) ESPECTFULLT announces to the citizens of XVFremcnt nnd vioinity, that he has returned and pel manfully located m Jhis place, and will be resdy to attend to nil who may wish his professional eer eicrtT " Residence rat the Methodist Farsonaee. Office Two doors souili of Pease & Roberts' Tin Shop. - November 9. ) ly .-PORTAGE COUNTY Blutual Fire Insurance Company. K. P. BtCRIvA.D, Agcnti , 5 FREMONT, OHIO. . . ; t POST OFFICE HOURS. ; -' The regular Post Office hours, until further no tice will be as follows: . - - From 7 to 12 A. M. end from Ho 8 P. M. fiavdays from 8 to 9 A M, snd frem 4 to 5 P M. .; ; W.M. STARK, p:m. t A. F. & F. TAiXBERCOOK: '. MERCHANTS AND DEALERS In all kinds of Produce; - -:n.-'-: At the Old Stand -Eormerlj occupied by Dickenson & V.'Doren. EREMONT, OHIO. - December 15. 484!). - . r . . . r : SOCIAL HALL. TiHE snbscriber is prepsred to furnish Social HLL, in Buckland's Brick Block, for Cotillon Parties, Sories, Lectures, 4c, en reasonable terms: and also refreshments, in the beet style on the shortest notice! J. F. R. SEBRING. Fremont, Augusts, 1850. ; - M 1 A LLISTER'S All HealingOintraent. Deans Chemical riaater, Claka's Bitters. &c, at W(K)STER'S TAILORING. CLARK &KR1DLER, RESPECTFULLY announce to the cilixens of Fremont and viciuity, that they have Removed their Shop, One door Forth of A. F. it. Vandercoo k's Store, in the room recently occupied by p. H. Fusselmsn, as a Tin Shop, where tbey intend carrying eu the above buainess in all its various branches. One of the partners has been east and purchased a slocl of Cloths, Cassimeres, Vestinps, and tome Ready-made Clothing, and also, alisoru of Trimmings, and are now prepared to furnish material and make np work to order on the shortest notice, and most reasonable terms, and warbaktkd to oivk satisfaction. We also intend to keep constantly on hand. Ready-mode Clothing '- Of our own manufacturing, -which we will sell O tert low for Cash. The public are invited to call and examine our stock before purchasing elsewhere, as we think that ..Mn mit iham in moit inr article in our line. am' on as reasonable terms as the same article can be had in town, for we are bound to - -. Sell at a very low percentage ! We would say here for the benefit of our Conntry friends who wish Cutting done, that we are pre pared to furnish thero with Trimmings ( reasona ble as thv can be had anv where else All Cutting done here, tBarontedtofit, if properly made vp. Also A;enls for Williams' Keporisoi rasniona. Fremont,. Nov. 1st, 1850. , 34 SADDLERY. 4P : New ; Arrangement ! ' PRICES RED UCED ! J O S E P IS c 6 c it BAKE, T ESPECTFULLT announces to the citizens ol IV Fremont, and vicinilv that ho has taken the old and well known stand of H. R. Foster, where he will be happy to supply the old customer and public generally with any article in h line. Keeps constantly on hand and m lufaclures to order of the best material every vanoi Saddles, Harness, Tr nks, Valises, Bridles, Martingals, AcArc. Carriage Trimming done on tne snoriesi nonce. All work warranted. Fremont, Nov. 1st, 1850. 34 NEV GROCERY AND SALOON: JUST OPENED IN Bnckland's Acw Brift Building! J. F. K. SEBKISiCi, - I RESPECTFULLY informs his Old jjl fllrfO Cn.lniner, and the Public eenerally, gtjt that he has again gone into the Gro te'ji::;!:'! eery Business, aud haa now opened - OSS OF THE MOST EXTENSIVE aj Stocks of Groceries! ever brought to this market, with especial reference to supply the wants of the citizens of Sandnskyand This stock consists in part of Sugars, Coffee, Teas, Spices, Pepper, - Raisins, 'Tobacco. Sejrars, &c, &c. together with a complete and large asesortment of CANDIES. . the hest ever opened in Fremont, the assertion of bogus" dealers in tnis anieio iu mo witbrtnding. ' '' NUTS. FRUITS AND PRESERVES. of the rarest kinds, will be be found at my store. Lemonade, Mead, Cronk and Beer, canTie had ot a moment's notice. Fresh Baked Bread, take, , fies, n:...; .l..r, t.ni n h.iiil. Fmiiilies wish ing to be supplied with Bread can at all limes be accommodated wun a. superior article auu uu iud most liberal terms. ' n.., l i..c. aiihari;m,nnrtlii nrinter room in his paper, toeuninerntelhe sixth part of the articles i..- m. .i,H .n otilv nek tliul a discriiiiiiialinff public will give me a cnll and and judge for them selves, leeling SallMieo mat I can irmirrcmneiM- isfncMon lo all boih as to prices ana quality. Fremont, June 15, '50. v-" CAHFIELD &M ITCHELL, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN HARDWARE, NAILS AXD IR0.V PAINTS, OILS, VARXISH & BRUSHES, Lamps, Brittaaia arul Jappaned Ware; ROPES AXD CORDAGE; , Gans & Pistols, Powder & Shot. STOVES AND PIPE; MISl'FACTEBERS OF Tin and Copper Ware, at the sign of the Padlock and Stove, in the Store formerly occupied by E. N. Cook, opposite the Bank. ' ' Fremont, Dec, 28, 1850. - - - FREMONT HOUSE; AND GENERAL FREMONT, SANDUSKY COUNTY, O. WM. KESSLER, Proprietor. MR. KESSLER, announces to the Traveling Pnblic that he haa returned to the above well known stand and is now prepared to accommodate in the best manner, all who may favor him with Cheir pntronnge. . No efforts will be spared to promote the comfort and convenience' of Cneets. HJ Good Stabliro and careful Ostlers in at tendance. . ' Fremont, November 24, 1849 36 DB U. S. BICE. Continues the practice of Medicine in Fremont and adjacent country. ; Oeficb, ns formerly, on front street, oppo site Deal's new building.' '"..." Fremont, Nov. 23, 1850. 37 CIDEOW HATCH, Tailor; WOULD inform bis friends nnd the pnblic, that he haa takeu rooms at Oallville, where he iatende carrying on the above business, iu all its branches, and hopes by punctual attention and long experience in his trade to merit and receive a share of patronage. N. B. Cutting of garments of every description, attended to in the most fashionable style, and war ranted to til. . Also, he is A cent for Oavis' Pain Killer a fresh supply just received nnd for sate by UIOEOJN HATCH. Ballville, July 13, 185018 FASHIONABLE TAIIiOKIJVG. . " ' PHILIP MAXWELL. WOULD respectfully announcement he has ' ' Removed bis Shop, one door South of Leppclman's Jewelry Shop, opposite flead Qnarters, where he will be happy to wait on hie old customers ana an wno need auy thing in his line. - ' If vou want vou crnrments made np KlbHl, and after tho Latest Fashion yon must caH on MAAWLLL. N. B. Particular attention paid to cutting, and warranted to fit if properlv made up. ' Fremont, April.23, 1849. ; , MONTEREY HOUSE: WOODYILLE, OHIO: ' BT BENJAMIN MEEKER. 8 ' . COXSTITUTIOX . OF THE - ' STATE OF OHR3. We, the people of the State of Ohio, grate ful to Almighty Gotl for our freedom, to se cure its blessings and promote our common welfare, do establish this Constitution. -: ARTICLE 1. ., . . , BILL OP BIGHTS. Sec. 1. All men. by nature free and in dependent, nnd have certain inalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and de fending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing and protecting property and seeking and ob taining happiness and safety. Sec 2. All political power is inherent in the people. Government is instituted for their equal protection and benefit; and they hare the right to alter, reform, or abolish the same, whenever they may deem it necessary ; and no special privileges or immunities shall ever be granted that may not be altered, re voked or repealed by the General Assembly. Sec. 3. The people have the right to assem ble together, in a peaceable manner, to con sult for their common good, to instruct their Representatives, and to petition the General Assembly for the redress of grievances. Sec 4. The people have the Tight to bear arms for their defence and security; but standing armies, in time of peace, are danger ous to liberty, and shall not be kept up; and the military shall be in strict subordination to the civil power. - - -" Sec 6. The right of trial by jury shall be inviolate. . . ' Sec 6. There shall be no slavery in this State; nor involuntary servitude, unlcs for the punishment of crime. Sec 7. All men have a natural and inde feasible right to worship Almighty God ac cording to the dictates of their own conscience. No person shall be compelled to attend, erect, or support any place of worship, or maintain any form of worship, against his consent, and no preference shall be given, by law, to any religious society ; nor shall any interference with the rights of conscience be permiltes.- No religious test shall be required as n quali fication for office, nor shall any person be in competent to be a witness on account" of his religious belief; but nothing herein shall be Construed to dispense with oaths and affirma tions. Religion, morality ' and knowledge, however, being essential to good government, it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to pass suitable laws, to protect every relig ious denomination in the peaceable enjoy ment of its own mode of public worship, and to encourage school?, and the means of in struction. Sec 8. The privileges of the writ of hebens corpus shall not be suspended, unless in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety re quire it. Sec 5). All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, except for capital offences where the proof is evident, or the presump tion great Excessive bail shall not be re quired; nor excessive tines imposed; nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Sec. 10. Except in cases of impeachment and cases arising in the army and navy, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war, or public danger, nnd in cases cf petit larceny and other inferior offences, no person shall be held to answer for a capital or other wise infamous crime, unless on presentment or indictment of 11 grand jury. In any trial, in any court, the party accused shall be allowed to appear and defend in person and with coun sel ;lo demand the nature and cause of the ac cusation against him, and to have a copy thereof; to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to procure the attendance of witnesses in his behalf, nnd a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the county or district in which the otlence is alleged to have been committed ; nor shall any person be compelled, in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, or be twice put in jeoynrdy for the same offence. Sec 11. Every citizen may freely speak, write, aud publish his sentiments on all sub jects, being responsible for the ab.use of the right; and no law shall be passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech or of the press. In any criminal prosecution for libel, the truth may be given in evidence to the ju ry, and if it shall appear to the jury that the matter charged -us libelous is true, and was published with good motives and for Justifiable ends, the party shall be acquitted. Sec 12. No person shall be transported out of the Slate, for any offence committed with in the same; aud no conviction shall work cor ruption of blood, or forfeiture of estate. Sec 13. No soldier shall, in time of pence, be quartered in any house, without the con sent of the owner; nor, in time of war, except in the manner prescribed by law. Sec 14. The right of the people to be se cure iu their persons, houses, papers, and pos sessions, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated ; and no warrant shall issue, but upon probable cause, support ed by oath or affirmation, particularly des cribing the place to be searched, and the per son and things to be seized. Sec 15. No person shall be imprisoned for debt in nny civil action, on mesne or final pro cess, unless in cases of fraud. Sec 16. All courts shall be open, and ev ery person, for an injury done him in his land, goods, person, or reputation, shall have reme dy by due course of law, and justice adminis tered without denial or delay. Sec 17. No hereditary emoluments, honors or privileges, shall ever be granted or confer red by the State. Sec 18. No power of suspending laws shall ever be exercised, except by the General Assembly. Sec. 19. Private property shall ever be held inviolate, but subservient to the public welfare. When taken in time of war, or other public exhrency, imperatively requiring its immediate seizure, or for the purpose of making or re pairing roads, which shall be open to the pub lie, without charge, a compensation shall be made to the owner, in money ; nnd in nil other cases, where private property shall be taken for public use, a compensation therefor shall first be made in money, or first secured by a deposite of money ; and such compensation shall be assessed by a jury, without deduc tion for benefits to any property of the owner. Sec. 2d. This enumeration of light shall not be construed to impair or deny others re tained by the people ; and all powers, not here in delegated, remain with the people. : ; ARTICLE II. ; LEGISLATIVE. . Sec 1." TWe Legislative power of this State shall be vested in a Uaueral Assembly, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre sentatives. Sec 2. Senators and Representatives shall be elected biennially, by the electors in the respective counties or districts, on the second Tuesday of October; their term of office shall commence on the first day of Janunry next thereafter, and continue two years. Sec 3. Senators and Representatives shall have resided in their respective counties or districts, one year next preceding their elec tiooi -unless they shall have been absent on the public business of the United States, or this State. Sec. 4. No person holding office under the authority of the United States, or any lucra tive office under the authority of this State, shall be eligible to, or have a sent in, the Gen eral Assejnbly; but this provision . shall not extend to township officers, justices of the peace, notaries public, or officers of the militia. Sec. 5. No person hereafter convicted of an embezzlement of the public funds shall hold any office in this Stale; nor shall any person, holding public money for disburse ment or otherwise, have a seat in the General Assembly, until he shall hare accounted for and paid such money in to the Tresury. , Sec. 6. Each House shall be judge of the election, returns, and qualifications, of its own members; a majority of all the members elect ed to each House, shall be a quorum to do business; but, a less number may adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of ab sent members, in such manner and under such penalties, as shall be prescribed by law. Sec 7. The mode of organizing the House of Representatives at the commencement of each regular session, shall be prescribed by law. J5ec. 8. Each House, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, shall choose its own officers, may determine its own rules of proceedings, punish its members for disorder ly conduct; nnd, with the concurrence of two- thirds expel a member, but not the second lime for the same cause ; and, shall have all other powers, necessnry to provide for its safe ty, and the undisturbed transaction of its bu siness. Sec 9. Each House shall keep a correct journal of its procoedings, which shall be pub lished. At the desire of any two members, the yeas and nays shall be entered upon the" journal ; and on the passage of every bill, in either House, the vote shall be taken by yeas nnd nays, and entered upon the journal; and no law sbalf be passed in cither House will out the concurrence of a majority of all the members elected thereto. Sec 10. Any member of either House shall have the right to protest against nny act 01 resolution thereof; and such protest, nnd the reason therefor, shall, without alteration commitment, or delay, be entered upon the journal. bee 11. All vacancies which may happen in either House shall, for the unexpired term be filled by election, as shall be directed by law. Sec. 12. Senators and Representatives, du ring the session of the General Assembly, and in going to and returning from the same, shall be pricileged from arrest, in all cases, except treason, felony, or breach of the pence ; nnd for any speeclv, or 'debate, in either House, they shall not be questioned elsewhere. Sec 13. The proceedings of both Houses shall be public, except in cases which, in the opinion of two-thirds of those present, require secresy. Sec. 14. Neither House shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than two days, Sundays excluded ; nor lo any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be in session. Sec 15. Bills may originate in either House but may be altered, amended, or rejected in the other. Sec 16. Every bill shall be fully and dis tinctly read,' on three different days, unless, in case ol urgency, three-fourths of the House in which it shall be pending, shall dispense with this rule. No bill shall contain more than one subject, which shall be clearly ex pressed in its title; and no law shall be reviv ed, or amended, unless the new act contain the entire net revived, or the section or sec tions amended; and the section, or sections, so amended, shall be repealed. Sec. 17. The presiding officer of each House shall sign, publicly in .the presence of the House over which he presides, while the same is in session, and capable of transacting busi ness, all bills and joint resolutions passed by the General Assembly. Sec. 18. The style of the laws cf this State shall he. "Z?e it enacted by the General Assem bly of the Stole nf Ohio." Sec. 19. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he shall have been elected, or for one year thereafter, be appointed to any civil office under this State. which shall be created, or the emoluments of which shall have been increased during the term for which he shall have been elected. Sec. 20. The General Assembly, in rinses not provided for in this Constitution, shall fix the term of office, and the compensation of ?11 officers; but no change therein shall affect the salary of anv officer during his existing terra, unless the office he abolished. " Sec 21. The General Assembly shall de termine, by law, before what nnthoritr. and in what manner, the trial of contested elections shall be conducted. Sec 22. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, except in pursuance of a specific appropriation, made by law. and no appropri ation shall be made for a longer period than two years. Se. 23. The House, of Representatives shall hare the Role powpr of impeachment, but a majority of the members elected must con cur therein. .Impeachments shall be tried bv the Senate; and the Senators, when sitting for that purpose, shnll be upon ontlior affirm ation to do justice according to law and evi dence. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the senators. Sec. 24, The Governor, Judges, nnd all State officers may be impeached for anv mis demeanor in office ; but judgement s hall not "xtent further thin removal from office, and disqualification to hold anv office under the authority of this State. The pnrtv impeached, whether convicted or not, shall he liable toin dictment.trial and judgement.nccording to law. Sec. 25. All regular session of the General Assembly shall commence on the the first Monday of .Tnnuarr. biennially. The first session under this constitution shnll commence on the first Monday of January, one thousand eight hundred nnd fiftvtvro. Sec 26. All laws of a general nature shnll have a uniform operation throughout the state; nor shall any act, except such as relates to common schools, be passed, to take effect up on the approval of any. other authority than the Ueneral Assembly, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution. . . Sec. 27, The election and appointment of nil officers, and the filling of all vacancies not otherwise provided for by this constitution, or the constitution of the United States, shall be made in such manner as may be directed by law ; but no appointing power shall be exer cised by the General Assembly; except as prescribed in this constitution, and in the elec tion of United States Senators; and in these cases the vote shall be taken "viva voce." Sec. 28.. The General Assembly shall have no power to pass retro-active laws, or laws, imparing the obligation of contracts; but may by general laws authorize courts to carry into effect, upon such terms as shall be just and equitable, the manifest intention of parties, and officers, by curing omisisions, defects, and errors in instruments and proceedings, arising out of their want of conformity with the laws of this State. , Sec 20. No extra compensation shall be made to any officer, public agent, or contractor after the service shall have been rendered, or the contract entered into.nor shall any money be paid, or any claim, the subject matter of which shall not have been provided for by pre existing law, linless such compensation, or claim.be allowed by two thirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assem bly. . , : - ' , - Sec 30. No new county shall contain less than four hundred squares of miles of territory nor, shall any county be reduced below that amount; and all laws creating new counties, changing county lines, or removing county seats, shall, before taking effect, be submilted to the electors of the several counties to be effected thereby, at the next general election after the passage therof, and be adopted by a majority of all the electors voting at such elec tion, in each of said counties; but any county now or hereafter containing one hundred thou sand inhabitants may be divided, whenever a majority of the voters, residing in each of the proposed divisions, shall approve of the law passed for that purpose; but, no town or city within the same, shall be devided, nor shall either of the divisions contain less than twen ty thousand inhabitants. Sec 31. The members and officers of the General Assembly shall receive a fixed com pensation to be prescribed by law, and no other allowance of perquisites, cither in payment of postage or otherwise; and no change in their compensation shall take effect during their term of office. Sec. 32. The General Assembly shall grant no divorce, nor exercise nny judicial power, not herein expressly conferred. ARTICLE I1L . , EXECUTIVE. Sec. 1. The Executive Department shall consist of a Governor, Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State, Auditor.Treasurer and an. Attorney General, who shall be chosen by the electors of the State on the second Tues day of October, and at the place of the voting tor members of the General Assembly. . Sec. 2. Tbe Governor, Lieutenant Govern or, Secretary of Slate, Treasurer and , Attor ney General, shall hold their offices for two years, and the Auditor for four years,. Their terms of office shall commence on the second Monday of January next after the in election, and continue until their successors are elected and qualified. . . . Sec. 8 The returns of every election for the officers named in the foregoing section, shall be sealed up and transmitted to the seat of Government' by the returning officers, directed to the President of the Senate, who during the first week of the session, shall open and publish them, and declare the result in the presence of a majority of the members of each bouse of the General Assembly. Ihe person having the highest number of votes shall be declared duly elected ; but if any two or more shall be Ingest, and equal in votss, for the same office.one of them shall be chosen by the joint vote ot both houses. Sec. 4. Should there be no session of the General Assembly in January next after an election for any of the officers aforesaid, the re turns of such election shall be made to the Secretary of State, and opened, and the result declared by the Governor, in such manner as may be provided by law. . . ... Sec 5. The supreme executive power of this State shall pa vested in the Governor. Sec 6. He may require information, in writ ing, from the officers in the executive depart ment, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices: and shall see that the laws are faithfully exeajuted. Sec. 7. He shall communicate.at every ses sion, by message to the General Assembly, the condition ot the state, and recommend such measures as he shall deem expedient. Sec. 8. lie may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly by proclama tion, and shall state to both Houses, when assembled, the purpose for which they have been convened. Sec 9. In case of disagreement between the two Houses in respect to the time nf nd journtneut, he shall have power to adjourn the Generel Assembly to such time as he may think proper, but not beyond the regular meetings thereof, Sec 10. Ho shall be commander-in-chief of the military nnd naval forces of the Statu,' except when they shall be called into services of iheUniled States. ' - ' Sec. 11. He shall have power, after convic- tion.to grant reprieves, commutations, and par dons, for all crimes nnd offences, except trea son and cases of impeachment.upon such con ditions as he may think proper, subject, how ever, to such regulations as to the manner ol applying Tor pardons, as may be prescribed by law. Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence, and re port the case to the Genernl Assembly at Us next meeting, when the General Assembly shall either pardon, commute the sentence, direct its execution, or grant a further reprieve. He shall communicate to the Genernl Assem bly, at every regular session, each case of re prieve, commutation, or pardon granted, stat ing the name and crime of the convict, the sentence, its date, and the date ot the com mutation, pardon.or reprieve, with his reasons thereof. ' Sec. 12. There shall be a seal of the State, which shall be kept by "the Governor, nnd U9ed by him officially, and shall be ' called, "The Great Seal of the State of Ohio." Sec 13. All grants and commisions shall be issued in the name.and by the authority of the Stale of Ohio, sealed with the Great beat, signed by the Governor.and countersigned by tho secretary of state. - ': '' . Sec. 14. No member of Congress, or other person holding office under the authority of this State, or of the United States, shall exe cute the office of Governor, except as herein provided. , . .. , Sec 15. Incase of the death, impeachment, resignation, removal, or other disability of the Governor, the powersand duties of the office for the residue) f the term or until he shall be acquitted, or the disability removed, shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor. Sec. 10. The Lieutenant Governor shall be Presidentof the Senate, but shall vote only when the senate is equally divided; and in case of his absence or impeachment, or when he shall exercise the othce of Governor, the Senate shall choose a President pre tempore. sec 17. If the iiieutenant Governor, while executing the office of Governor, shall be im- peacsed, displaced, resign, or die, or otherwise become incapable of performing the of the office, the President of the Senate shall act as Governor until the vacancy is filled-, or the dis ability removed; nnd if the President of the senate, for any of the above causes, shall be rendered incapable of performing the duties pertaining to the othce of wovernor, the same shall devolve upon the Speaker of the House of Representatives. ; , sec 18. Should . the olhce of Auditor, Treasurer, Secietaay, or Attorney General become vacant for any of the causes specified in the fiftenth section of this article, the Gov ernor shall fill the vacancy until the disability is removed, or a successor elected and quali fied. Every such vacancy shall be filled by election thut occurs more than thirty davs after it shall have happened, and the person chosen shall hold the office for the full term fixed in the second section ofjthis article. ; Sec. 19. The officers mentioned in this ar ticle shall at stated times receive for their services a compensation to be established by law, which shall neither be increased, nor diminished, during the period for which they shall have been elected. Sec 20. The officers of the executive de partment, and of the public State institutions, shall at least five days preceding each regular session of the General Assembly, severally report to the Governor, who shall transmit such reports with his message, to the General Assembly. ARTICLE IV. ' , -. ; JUDICIAL. - See. 1. The Judicial power of the State shall be vested in a supreme court,- in district courts, courts of common pleas, courts of pro bate, justices of the peace, and in such other courts inferior to the supreme Court, in one or more counties, as the General Assembly may from time to time establish. : ; Sec. 2. The supreme court shall consist of five judges, a majority of whom shall be nec essary to form a quorum, or to pronounce a decision. It shall have original jurisdiction in quo warranto, mandamus, habeas corpus, and procedendo, and such appellate jurisdiction as may be provided by law.. : It shall hold at least one term in each year, at the . seat of govern ment, and such "other terms, al the seat of government' or elsewhere, as mny be provide ed by law. The Judges of the supreme court shall be elected by the electors of the State at large. ; v - , ; - . . -:i ..; Sec. 3. The State shall be divided into nine common pleas districts, of which the county of Hamilton shall constitute one of compact territory, and bounded by county lines, and each of said districts consisting of three or more counties, shall be subdivided into three parts of compact territory, bounded by county lines, and as nearly equal in. population as practicable, in each of which one judge of the court of common pleas for said district, and re siding therein, shall be elected by the electors of said subdivision. Courts of common pleas shall be held by one or more of these Judges, in every county in the district, as often as may be provided by law, ond more than one court on sitting thereof may be held at the same time, in each district. -, Sec 4. The jurisdiction of the courts of common pleas and of the judges thereof, shall be fixed by law. . - Sec 5. District courts shall be composed of the Judges of the court of common pleas of the respective districts, and one of the Judges of the supreme court, any three of whom shall be a quorum, and shall be held in each coun ty therein, at least once in each year; but if it shall be fond inexpedient to hold such court annually in each county of any district, the General Assembly may for such district, pro vide that said court shall hold at least three annual sessions therein, in not less than three places;' provided, that the General Assembly may by law authorize the Judges of each dis trict to fix the limes of holding the courts therein. - . . ; .. , . . , Sec 6. The district court shall have like, original jurisdiction with the Supreme court, and such nppelluse jurisdiction, as may be pro vided by law. Sec 7. There shall bo established in each county a probate court which shall be a court of record, open at all times and holden by one Judge elected by the voters of the county, who shall hold his office for the term of three years, and shall receive such compensation, payable out of the county Treasury, or by fees, or both, as shall be provided by law. Sec. 8. Ihe probate court shall have juris diction in probate nnd testamentary matters, the appointment of administrators and guard ians, the settlement ot tee accounts 01 execu-1 tors, administrators and gurdians, and sueh I jurisdiction in habeas corpus, the issuing of marriage licenses, and tor the sule ol land by executors, administrators and guardians, and such other jurisdiction in any county or coun-1 ties, as may be provided by law. Sec. 9. . A competent number ot justices ol the peace shall be elected by the electors in each township in the several counties. - Their term of office shall be three years, and their powers and dirties shall be regulated by law. Sec. 10. All judges, other than those pro vided for in this Constitution, shall ho elected by the electors of the judicial district for which they may be created, but not for a longer term of office than five years. Sec. 11. Tho Judges of the supreme court shall, immediately after the first eleclion un der this Constitution, be classified by lot, so that one shall hold for the term of one year, one for two years, one for three yeaTs,-one for four years, and one for five years; and at all subsequent elections the term of each of said Judges shall be tor hve years. - Sec 12. The Judges of the courts of com mon pleas shall, while in office, reside in the district for which they nre ylected ; and their j term of office shall be five years. ' Sec. 13, In case the office of any judge shall become vacant before the expiration of the regular term for which he was elected. the vacancy shall be filled by appointment of , the Governor, until a successor is elected and qualified, and such successors shall be elected for the unexpired term, at : the 'first annual election that occurs more than thirty days af- ter the vacancy shall have happened. , -s Sec 14. The Judges of the supreme court and of the court of common pleas shall, at '.a ted times, receive for their services svtch com pensation as may be provided by law, which ' shall not be diminished or increased durinz ( their term of office, but they shall recei ve no ' .fees or perquisites, nor hold any other officeof proht or trust wider tne authority of tins Stale, or the United States. All totes for ei ther of them, for any elective office, except a judicial office onder the authority of this State, given by the Ueneral Assembly, or the people, i shall be void. - i-' .- ',-::-.-. Sec 15-. The General Assembly may in crease or diminish the number of the judges of the supreme court; the number of the dis tricts of the court of common pleas; the num ber of judges in any dislnct ; change the (lis- ' tricts or subdivisions thereof, or establish oth er courts, whenever two thirds of the mem- - bers elected to each House shall concur there in, but no such change, addition, or diminution shall vacate the office of any judge. see ls, there shall be elected in ench county.by the electors tbereof,one clerk of the court of com jion pleas, who shall hold his of- -fice for the term of three years, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified,- He shall, by virtue of his office, be clerk of all oth er courts of recod held therein; but the Gen eral Assembly mny provide by , law for the election of a clerk wilh a - like term of office, for each or any other of the courts of record, and may authorize the Judge of the probata court to perform-the duties of clerk for bis court, under such regulations as mny be di rected by law. - Clerks of courts shall be mov able fur such cause, and in such manner, as shall be prescribed by law. . : k . : . . Sec 17. Judges may be removed from of fice by concurrent resolution of both Houses of the General Assembly, if two thirds of the members elected to each House concur there-. in ; but no such removal shall be made, except -upon eomplaint, the substance of which shall be entered upon the journal, nor until the par-, ty. charged shall have had notice thereof, and an opportunity to be heard. ' . , See. 1 8. The several judges of the supreme court, of the common pleas, and of such other courts as .may be created, shall respectively' have and exercise such power and jurisdiction, . at chambers, or otherwise, as may be directed - by law. .:'",,-. -. !:' - Sec 19. The Generai. Assembly may es tablish courts of . conciliation, and prescribe their powers and duties, but such courts shall not render final judgment, in any case, except upon submission by the parties of the matter . in dispute, nnd their agreement to abide such judgment; v; j- : , ' Sec 20V. The style of all process shall be . "The State of Ohio." All prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the author ity nf the State of Ohio, and all indictments shall conclude "against the peace'and dignity of the State of Ohio.", , . .-. , ,, s . . : ARTICLE V. EXKCTIVB yBANCHISr. -Sec. I. Every white male citzen of the Uni ted Slates, of the age of twenty-one years, who shall have been a resident of the State one year preceding the election,' and of the county, township or ward in which he resides, such time ns may be provided by law, shall; have the qualification ot an' elector, and be en titled to vote at all elections.' " Sec 2. All elections shall be by ballot Sec. 3. Electors, during their attendance , at elections, and in going to and returng there- ," from, shall be privileged from arrest in all cas- es, except treason, felony,-and . breach of the f peace. .- -. '.-."'-. --. : -r - - ;,.-?' sec. 4. Ihe Ueneral Assembly shall have ; power to exclude from the privilege of voting, , or of being eligible to office, any person con victed of bribery, perjury, or other infamous crime.. ." , ' . - . ,- . . -. , Sec 5. No person in the military, naval or marine service of the United States shall, by. being stationed in any garrison or military or naval station within the State, be considered , a resident of this State. Sec 6: No idiot or insane person shall be entitled to the privilege of an elector. . ,.. ARTICLE VI. : . . , . ..;. CDrCATIOV. . . : - Sec 1. The principal of al! funds arising from the sale or other disposition of lands or other property granted - or entrusted to this State lor educational or religious purposes. : , shall forever be preserved inviolate and undi- muushed, and the income arising therefrom- shall be f.tithfully applied to the specific ob- ' " jects of the original grants or appropriations. Sec 2. 1 he ueneral Assembly shall make . such provisions by taxation or otherwise, as- " with the income arising from the school trust fund, will 6ecure a thorough and efficient sys- tem of common schools throughout the state. - but no religious or other sect or sects shall ev er have evclusive right to, or control of, any part of the shool funds of this state. .. - 7 " " ARTICLE VII. "' . 1 FCBLtC IKSTITl-rtOKS. . d . . , Sec 1. Institutions for. the benefit of the nsane, blind, and deaf and dumb, shall al- : iways be fostered and supported by the State,! and be subject to, such regulations as may be . prescribtd by the General Asserobly.- ,Sec 2. The Directors of .the,-Penitentiary, shall be nppointed or elected in-such manner f as the General Assambly may direct, and the , "Trustees of the benevolent and oilier States institutions, now elected by the General As-f sembly, nnd of such other , State institutions ; as may be hereafter created, shall beappoin-, ted by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and upon all norm- - nations made by the ; Governor the question, shall be. taken by yeas and nnys, and entered upon the journals of the Senate. - v ; . -. ..Sec. 3. The. Governor shall have power to fill all vacancies that may occur in the offi- - ces aforesnid until the next session of the General Assembly, and until a successor to, .". ' his appointee shnll be confirmed an qualified., " . :.: ARTICLE via.,. PUBLIC DBBT ASD PUBLIC WORKS. ; a ' Sec. 1. The State may contract debts to' ' supply casual deficits or failures in revenues,or to meet expenses not otherwise provided for, a but tho aggiegate amount of such depts, di-t rect and contingent, whether contracted by virtun ofomj or more acts of the General As-f sembly. or at different periods .of timy shall never exceed.seveu hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and the money arising from the crea- tioo of sueh debts shall be applied, to. ithftr - -,