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? A Weekly Newspaper, Devoted to the Interests of Wood County, Politics, literature, Agriculture, Education, the Arts and Sciences, Home and Foreign News,
VOX,. VI.
PEREYSE URCr, 0.,r.FIXJJS:OVY, JULY 22, 1853.
i 11111
z ... w) zmii
Original.
My Ocean Home.
BY MARIA.
There", a land of bniflii. dre uns. fur away to th. west,
WheT. tho tun eiitlihisjaurnay an J. sin'is to his tost,
Where,tho soft ocean xuphyr, nni wild ocesn wave
In Wmouy miiigl,0. there make nit grave!
'Twas t'io til nnli) of noun I love 1 when n rhild i
Ur.it type of i-ternity, so l-Oa idlest it nil wild;
And the sunniest sm'ilo that uiy face ever wore,
Waif kindred to life ly the sound of bit roar. .
All fearless of hnrm I've reposed an bit hreast,
While the d.i!i of Ills breakers hM lolled m.torest;
And tho lovl-Uest dreams tli.it e'er visited me,
Were when, 0! Atlantic, I lay steeping with the..
Thy thtindor-Toned mnslo T may never more her,
Exo.pt A. it vibrates ou mem i' ear;
But thy lister Paeitlo is calling m. now,
With th. promiae to bind a gold wreath on my brow.
I despite not her gold, but Ml aik her for lieal'h,
Withont which her troaBim-s are valueless -V. tli.ii;.- :
Than I'll aeelt me a home where her water may 1.ito,
And h.r tear-drops or apt ay bo distilled ou my grave.
TROY TOWNSHIP, July, 1858.
How We Used to Live.
Mr. Goodrich (Peter Pat-ley) iu his Recollec
tion, of a Lifetime," th3 depicts tho lifo of his
. .youth In New England:
" Money was source, wages beinir ahont fifty
x ccuts a day, though these were generally paid in
meat, vegetable.", and other articles of use sel
dom ia mouey. There wag not it factory of any
kind in the- place. There was a butcher, but lie
only weut from house to house to slaughter the
cattle and swine of his neighbor. Thi-ro was a
tanner, but ho only dressed o liter peoplo's skins.
There was a clothier, but ho generally fulled and
dressed other people's cloth, Even dye
ing blue a portion of the wool, so as to inakeliu-ey-woolsey
for short gowns, aprons, and blue-mixed
stockings vital necessities in those days was
domestic operation. During the autumn, a dye
tub in the chimney corner thus placed so as to
be cherished by the genial heat-wa a familiar
ia all thrifty houses, as the bible or back log. It
was covered with a board, ami formed a cozy seat
in the wide mouthed fire place, especially of a chill
winter's evening.
Our breud was of ryo, tinged with Indian meal.
Wheat bread was reserved for the sacrament and
company..
All the vegetables came
from our garden and farm. The fuel was supplied
by our own woods sweet-scented hickory, snap
ping chestnut, odoriferous ouk, and reeking, fiz
zling ash. Sugar was partially supplied
by our maple trees. Thus.! were tapped in March,
the sap being collected and boiled down iu the
wo )ds. This was wholly a domestic operation, and
one in which all tho children rejoiced.
- Rum was largely consumed, but our distilleries
had scarcely begun. A half pint of it was given,
ins a matter of course, to every day laborer, more
particularly in the summer season. In all families,
rich or poor, it was o If red to m:;!c visitors as an
essential point of hospitality, or even good muti
iiors.v Women I beg par.l.m ladies, took their
schnapps then named ' Hopkins Kiiir," which
wastha mot deliebugundsed-Ktive mentis of get
ting tips-jy thiiV w ever invviitud. Crying h.ihies
wera Bilojute l wi;ii tu t toddy, t i-tt ;remel tn itt
fall'thle remedy for wind mi the sto,iiaeh. Every
min imhtlia 1 ui'irtdn'; dram, an 1 was esteemed
temperate. There u a f tory of a pivaeH;T about
thosi) days who thus lcetifi 1 his pirisii: I nay
nothinif, my beloved brethren, n.i.ist l.tkimr a
little bitters before breafdt. and after br- titi funt
especially if yon sue used to it. Wnat 1 corneal
against, 'is this dramming, ilra si-niuy, dramming at
all hours of the day.
We raued our own flnx, rotted it, hackled it,
dressed it, and spun it. The little whe.-l turned by
the foot, had its place,. and was as familiar as if it
had beeu a member of the family. The wool
was also spun in the family, partly by my dialers,
and partly by Molly Gregory, daughter of our
neighbor, the town carpjnter. 1 remembered her
well pa sho ating and npuu aloft in tho attic. In
those days, church sincing was one of tha fine arts
the only ono indeed which llinrishe l in Hi ice
field, except tho music of the di utu and fife. The
choir was divided into four part, ruuged on three
sides of the muniing-house gallery. .
' Twice a year, that is, in tho spring and autumn,
the tailor came to the hou-;o and fabricated the
semi-annual stock ol clothe for the male members
this being called ' whipping tho cat." Mantua
makers an.t milliners came in thir turn, to fit out
the femalo members of tho family. Thero was a
similar process ns to boots and shoes.
At the period of my eiiriiesl recollection, men
of all classes were dieted iu long broad-tailed
coats, with huir.i pockets, long waistcoats n:iJ
breeches. Hats had low crowns, with broad brims
some so wida as to !vj Rii.iported with cords.--The
stocking of the p uvo i, and a few others, were
of silk in summer and worsted in wintor; tiioso of
the people were generally of wool, and of blue utid
gray mixed. Women dressed in wide bonnet?,
sometimes of straw and sometimes 'of silk; the
gowns were of silk, muslin, gingham, &c ge :er
ally olose and short-waisted, the. breast and shmtl.l-!
erg being covered by a rull muslin korchiei. Lt..is
ornamented themselves with a lurga white van
dyke. Tavern haunting especially in winter, when
there was little to do was common, even with re
spectablo farmers. Marriages were celebrated iu
the eveuiug, at the house of tho bride, with a geti
cral gathering of the neighborhood, and usually
wound off by dancing. Everybody went to a pub
lic exhibition without an invitation. Funerals geu
rally drew large processions, which proceeded to
the grav5. Hero the minister nl way made an ad
dress, suited to the occasion. If there was any
thing remarkable in the history of the deceased, it
was turned to religious account in the next Suu
day's sermon. Singing meetings, to practice church
music, were a great resort for the young, iu wiu-
" ter. Balls at the taverns were Irequented
by the young; the children of deacons and minis
ters attended, though tho parents did not. Tho
wiater brought sleighing, skatiug, and the usual
tound of in-door sports."
Adaptability of Animal Mattkb. Life re
sists the action of animal power. Friction, which
will thin and wear a dead body, actually is the
cause of thickening a living otiv. The skin ou a
laborer's baud is tbickvuod and burdened t i save
it frq.m the elTjcts of a contact with rough and
hard substances. The foot of tha African, who,
without uuy defense, walks over thu burning hand,
exhibit! Always a thickened covering; and a layer
of fat, a bad conductor of heat, is found deposited
between it and the sentient uxtrcmities of the
nerves. Pressure, which thins inorganic matter,
thickens living matter. A tight shoe prod.icea a
corn, which is uothbig more than thickeuod cuticle.
The same muscle which with ease raised a hundred
'pounds when alive, is torn through by ten when
dead. Life prevents chemical agency. The body,
when left to itself, soon begins to nulrify; the sev
eral parts of which it is composed no longer un
der the influence of a high controlling power,
jeild to their chemical iiHiiiiiit-s; uaw combination
are formed; a-umouiacul, sulphuretie, rarburettcd,
and other gasseg are given oil, and nothing ro
mains but dust. This uever happens during lifo.
Morel and 1'ttdUctual SclwJ Book.
Mr. Lincoln's Reply to Douglas.
On Saturday evening, being tho evening fol
lowing thtit on which Senator Douglas inade
his apt ech in Chioto,,Mr. Lincoln", bis com
petitor for the U. S. Senate, spoke from the same
stand occupied by Douglas. Although but a
day's notice a given the crowd In attendanca
was very gre.tt, atirl the Ptrtlnniasm which pre
vailed equalled, jibe days of. 181 J.- Liticdu
linn lied his competitor' without edoves.'on.l we
regret that our space will not permi' the publi
cation of his entire t paech. We can only make
a few extracts fr6m it, and will cornttiJnce with
his reply to . . .
WHAT IS POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY T
Now, gentlemen, that ia not my argument
that is not my argument at all. I have only
been stating to you an argument of a Buchanan
man, You will judge it' there is any force in it.
Applause. Popular Sovereignty I everlasting
Popular Sovereignly! (Laughter and cheers.
Let us for a moment hiquire into this vast mat
ter of Popular1 Sovereignty. What -is Popular
Sovereignty J 1 We, recollect that st an early
period in the history of this strugglo there wus
another name for tha same thing Squatter
Sovereignty. What do these terms mean 7
What do they moan when used now? And
vast credit is taken by our triend, the Judge, in
regard to his support of it, when ha declares the
pant years of his life have been and nil the fu
ture years of his life shall be, devoted in this
matter of Popular Sovereignty. What is it?
Why it is the Sovereignty of the people. What
was squatter Sovereignty. I suppose if it had
any significance at all, it was the right of the
people to govern themselves, to be sovereign
over their own uffiirs, while they had squatted
on a territory that did not belong to them, in
the Reuse that a Slate belongs to tho p-ople who
inhabit it, when it belongs to the nation such
right to govern themselves was culled ' Squat
ter Sovereignty."
Now, 1 wish you to mark. What has become
of that Squatter Sovereignly? What has be
cotna of it? Can you get anybody to tell you
now that the people of a territory have uuy au
thority to govern themselves, in regard to this
mooted question of Slavery, belore. tliey form a
State constitution? No such thing at till, al
though there is u general running lire, un lvl
though there has been a hurrah made iu every
speech on thut si e, assuming that that policy
had given the pt-opte of a territory the rilu to
govern themselves upon this question; yet the
poiut is dodged. To-day it hs been decided
no more thin a yoar ago it was decided by th?
Supreme Court of the United States, and is in
sisted upon to-day, thut tho people of a territory
have no right to exclude Slavery from a territory,
thut if any man choos-s to tike slaves into a ter
ritory, all the rest of the people huve no right
to keep them out. This being so, and this de
cision being made one of thn points thut the
Judge approved, and one in the approvul ot
which he says lie maiis to keep me down put
me do.vn I should not say, for 1 have uever been
up. 11 j s;iys he is in lavor of it, nod sticks to
it mid expects to win his battle on that decision,
In cli says that there is no Mich thing as Squat
ter Sovereignty, but that any on.i man may
lake slaves into a territory, ru IhII I lie oilier men
ol till- t-rrilory uuy be opposed to it, and yet
by r-nsoti of iIm constiiu ion lli-y oiun ot pro
hibit it. Wnsn tint is so, how much i. left of
tins vast nutter of Squatte.r Sovereignly, 1 should
like in know 1 a voice ' it hus all gone.."
When we g,:t back we get to the point of the
right of tile p-ople to make a constitution.
K.HIMUS was s ttled, for example, iu 1851, It
was a Territory yet, without tuvin lonned a
constitution, iu a very regular wy, lor three
years. All this time negro slavery could be ta
ken in by any few individuals, and by that
decision of tha Supreme Court, which the
Jude approves, all the rest of the people can
not keep it out; but when they come to nuke
a constitution, they may say they will not have
slavery. But it is there ; tiiey ore obliged to
tolerate it in sonii nay, and all experience shows
that it will be so for they will not take th-; negro
slaves end absolutely deprive the owners of
them. All experience shows his to be. so. All
that space of tune that rups from tlu bi;iniiitig
ot' the settlement of the Terrritory until there
is a suflL-iency of pooplo to make a State con
siitu.ioii ill that portion of time Popu'ar
Sovereignty is given up. The seal is absolutely
put uown iijion it by the eourt decision, and
Judge Douglas put his on the top ol that; yet
he is uppeuling to tha people to give him vast
credit lor his devotion to Popular Sovereignty.
(Applause and cries of "right; " "riglu,'' "good;"
'goo.l."J
Aa in, when we get to the question of the
right ot the people to lorm a State 'Constitution
as -hey plea.vi, to form it with slavery oi witli-
0 it oiavery if '.hat is anything new, I confess
1 don't know it. Has there ever been a time
when any one said tliat anybody other than the
people ol a t rritory itsell 6hould form their
constitution? What i new in it, that Judge
Dougla3 should have fought several years of his
life, and pledged liiimelf to fight all the remain
ing years of his lite, for? Can Judge Douglas
find any body ou earth that said anybody else
should form a constitution for a people? A
voice, "Yes." Well, I should like you to name
him ; I should like to know who he was. Sauid
voice "John Cjlhoun.' J
Mr. Liiieoln No, sir, I never heard of even
John Caihoun 6dying such a thing. Ia insist
ed on the same principle as Judgo Doug
las; but his mode of applying it intact, was
wrong. It is enough for my purpose to ask this
crowd, when ever a Republican said anything
ugainst it? Tiiey never said any thing against
it, but they have constantly spoken for it; and
whosoever will undertake to examine ilw plat
form, and the speeches of responsible men of the
party, and of irresponsible men, too, if you
please, will be unable to find one word from
anybody in the Republicans ranks, opposed to
that Popular Sovereignty which Judge. Douglas
thiuki that he has invented. (Applausn 1 sup
pos that Judge Douglas will claim iu a little
while, that he is the inventor of thn i lea that
the people should govern themselves; aheers
and blighter; that nobody ever thought of
such thing until he. brought it forward. We
do remember that iu the old D -duration of In
dependence, it is aid that " We hold theg
truths to b S'df-evident thut all men are created
equal ; that they are endowed by th.-ir Creator
with ceriuin inalienable rights; that among these
are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness ;
that to s- cuw thesa rights goverii.ii'-uts are in
stiiu'.ed among men, deriving their just powers
from the consent of the governed." Thf-re is the
origin of Popular Sovereignty. (Loud sppla-iie.
Who, thin, shall coma in at this day and claim
that h invented it? (Laughter and applause.
DUKU SCOTT DECISIO.V.
A little now on the other point thn Dred
Scott decision. Another om of ihe issues m
says that is to b mrta with pv, is upo.i hn
devotion to the Died Scott dacLLm, u:id iny
opposition to it.
1 have expressed he r-Mofore, u I I now repent
my opposition to the Dre I Scott decision, but 1
should Iw allowed to slate the nature of 'that
opposition, and I k your indulgence while I
doso. What isl'airlr implied by the term Judge
Douglas hag used " resistance to the decision?"
I do not resist it. tf 1 wanted to tik- Dr-d
Scott fin m his mister, I tld b. Interfering
with property, und that terrible diilieulry which
Judi Douglas Kpc;ik of, iiiteiferin with prop
erty, would arise. But I am doing no such
thing as that, but all thit I am lining is refusing
to obey it ns a political 'iile. II I were iii Con-Hr--3,
and a vote should come up on question
whether slavery should be prohibited in a new
territory, in spite ol that Dred Scott decision, I
would votathat it should. Applause good for
you ; we hop. to see it ; that's right.
That is what I would da A voice Yon will
have a chance soon.) Jmlgi Douglas snid Inst
night, that before the decision ho might advance
his opinion, and it might bo contrarv to the de
cision when it was made: but after it was made
he would abide by it until it was reversed. Just
so 1 We let this property abide by the decision,
but wo will try to reverse that decision. (Loud
applause cries of good. Wo will try to put it
where Judge Douglas will not object, for he says
ho w ill obey it when it is reversed. Somebody
has to reverse that decision, since it is madp,
and we inaii to reverse it, and we mean to do
it peaceably.
What are the uses of decisions of courts?
They have two uses. As rules of property they
have two uses. First they decide upon the
questions before the court. They decide in this
case thatjDred Sco'.t is a slave. Nobody resists
that. Not only that, but they say to everybody
else, that persons standing just as Dred Soolt
stands, ari as he is. That is, they say that when
a question comes up, upon another person, it
will ba so decided again, unless the court de
cides another way cheers cries of good un
less the court overrules its decision. (Renewed
applause, .Veil, we mean to do what we can
to have tho court decide tho other way. That
is one thing wo mean to try to do.
The sacrcdness that Judge Douglas throws
around this decision, is a degree of s,icrediuj
that has never been before thrown around any
oilier decision. I have never heard of such u
tiling. Why, decisions, apparently contrary to
that decision, or that good lawyers thought wero
contrary to that decision, have been made by
that very court before. It is the first of i is
kind. It is nn aslonishcr in legil history.
(Laughter. J It is a new wonder of the world.
(Laughter and applause. It is based upon I'ttUe
hood in the main ns to tht facts allegations
of lacts noon which it stands arp not fact? at
all iu i u 4 u y in.-ta u:es, and no decision ma le on
any question ; e first instance of a decision
made under so many unfavorable fircuin tunces
thus placed, ll.isev- r been held by the pi of, ssrou
as law, and it has always need,! confirm i ion
belore the lawyers regarded it as a settled law.
lint Judgrt Douglas will have it that ail hands
must take this extraordinary decision, nude mi
der sucti extraordinary e'trciimsuncesi, an I give
their voles m C ingress iu accordance with it
yield to it and ob. y it in every possible senae.
Circumstances alter cases.
D.) not geutl'-ni'ii here remember tha ens-; ol
th it same Supreme Court, some twenty-five oi
thirty years ago. deciding that a Nitioiiiil Bank
was constitutional ? I ask. if s ombody does
not remember that, a National limit was cunsti
tutioual? I" Yes; )vs."J Sucll is the truth.
wheUier it be rem 'inhered or not. Tile Hank
charter ran out, and a re-charter whs graut-d by
Congress. The re-charter was laid belore Gen.
Jackson. It was urged upon him, when he de
nied the constitutionality of the bank, that the
Supreme Court had decided that it wus constitu
tional; liiil G-u. Jackson then said that the
Supreme Court had no right to lay down a rule
to govern a co ordinate branch of the Govern
ment, the members of which had sworn to sup
port the const i tiifon that euoh memb-r had
sworn to support thut constitution as ha under
stood it. I wilt venture li-ra to siy, that I have
heard Juda Douglas say that he approved of
General Jackson for tint act. What has now
become, of all this tirade about "resistance to
the Suprcnn Court?" ("Gone up," "Gone to
the theatre."
My fellow citiz-ns, goin back a littl", for I
pass from thesi points, when Judge Douglas
makes his threatof annihilation upon the "alli
ance," ho ia cautions to say that that warfare
of his is to fall upon the leaders of the Repub
lican party. Almost every word he utters and
every distinction ho iruk-s, hus its significance.
He means tor the republican that do no" cou'it
themselves as leaders, to bi his friends J he
mukes no fus3 over them ; it is the leaders that
he is making war upon. Hi wants it under
stood that the mass of the Republican party aw
really his friends. It is only th-leaders that arc
doing something, that are "intolerant, and that
require extermination ut his hand. As this is
clearly and unquestionably the light iu which
he presents that matter, I want to ask your at
tention, addressing mysedf to the R-pablicnns
hero, that 1 may ask you some questions, as to
where you as t e Republican party, would be
placed if you sustained Judge Douglas in his'
present position by a re-election f I do not
claim, gentlemen, to be unselfigli, I do not pre
tend that I would not like to go to the United
States Senate, (laughter, I inske no such hypo
critical pretence, but I do say to you that in
this mighty issuorit is nothing to you noth
ing to iliu mass of the people' whether or not
Judge Douglas or myself shall ever ba heard of
after this night, it may bs a trifle to either of us,
but in connection with this mighty question,
upon which hang Un destinies of th-! nation,
perhaps, it is absolutely nothing; but wle-re
will you bu placed if you eil loio) Judge Doug
las? Don't you know how apt h- is how ex
ceeedingly anxious he ig at all times to s-iz,
up u anything und everything to persuade you
that soineilnug 1112 Ins done you did yourselves?
Why, he tried to persuade you last night that
our Illinois Legislature instructed him 10 intri
duce the Nebrask bill. There was nobody in
that Legislature ever thought of such a thing;
and when lie first in r iducud the bill, Im never
thought of it; but still he fights furiouslv for
the proposition, an I that he d:d it he-cause there
was a titan. ling instruction to our Senators to
be always introducing Nebraska bills. Liugh
ter and applause Hi ted Id you Iu is for the
Cincinnati platform, he tells you ho is for the
Dred Scott decision. II ; tells you, not in bis
speech last night, but substantially in a former
p.-cc!i, t.iat I13 car.-s 11 t if slavery is voted up
or down he tells you the struggle on Lecoinpton
is passed it m ay coui 'up ugaiu or not, and if it
does he stands where he stood where in spite of
him un I his opposition)'! b iiit up (hi 11 -publican
parly. If you en lorse him you tell him
you do uol care whether slavery hi voted up or
down, and lie will cloe 01 try to close your
mouth with his dedaratioi. repeated by the day,
tho week, the mouth. .11 I thyear. Is that whit
you mean? (Cii--s of "no;" one voice "yes."!
Yes. I luvj 110 douht yon have always b'-eu
lor Liiil if you mean that. (A voicd " hit him
ejiniu"! Nobeily I have baid, u.id i repeat it, I
jthjnk iu the position in which JjJga Dj.t'ii
stood in opposing the T.ecotnplon constitution he
was tight, he dors not know th.it it will return,
but if it doe we may know where to find him,
and if it does not we know where to look for
him uud that is on the Cincinnati Platform.
Now I couil ask the Republican party after
all the hard names that Douglas hue called them
by all his repMted charges of their in 'liiinlion
to marry with and buy negroes, all his declara
tions ol Bi.ick Republicanism by tho way we
are improving, the black has got rubbed off but
with with all that If hs Im indorsed by the Re.
publican votes, where do you stand ? Plainly,
yon stand ready saddled, bridled and harnessed,
and waiting to be drivi-u over into the slat cry
extension camp of the nation (a voice " we
will lung ourselves first" just ready to be
driven over, lied together in a lot to be driven
over every man with a rope around his neck, that
halter being he 1 1 by Judge Douglas, That is
the question. If Republican men have been in
earnesi in what they have done, I think they
had better not do it, but I think that tho Re
publican party is made up of those who, as far
as they can p taceably, will oppose the extension
of slavery, and who w.ll hope for its ultimate
extinction who will believe if it coases to
spread, that it ia in course of ultimate extinc
tion. If they believe it is wrong in grasping
up the new lauds of the settlement, and keeping
liie.n from the settlement of the free white la
borers, win want the land to bring up their
families upon; if they tire in earnest, although
they may make a mistake, they will grow rest
less, and timt will come wlnu they will come
again and reorganise, if not by the same name,
hi least upon the same principles as their party
now has. It is better, then, to save the work
while it is begun. You hava dona the labor;
maintain it keep it. If men choose to serve
you, go with them; but as you have made up
your organization upon principle, stand by it ;
for, as surely s God reins over you, and lias in
npired your mind, and given you a sense of pro
priety, snd con 1 in nea to give you hope, so surely
you will at last c im ! back again ufu-r your wan
derings, merely to do your work over again.
( Loud applause.
We were often more than once, at least
iu the course of Judge Douglas's speech lust
night, reminded that this government was made
lor white men that he believed that it was
made lor white men! Well, that is putting it
iu a shape iu which no one wants to deny it, but
the Judi'.e then goes into his passion for drawing
inferences that are not warranted. I protest,
now un I forever, ngniust that counterfeit logie
which presumes that becRuse I do not want a
nero woman for a slave, I do necessarily wont
her tor a wife. Lutiihter and cheers. My un
derstanding is that I need not have her for either,
but as God made 119 separate, we can lenve one
another ulon". and do one another much good
thereby. There are white nion enough to
niirry all the whit. women, und tnougli black
men to marry all thu black women, and iu
G.i l's naniii let thorn be so married. The Judge
regales us with the terrible enormities that take
pUci by the mixture of races ; that the inferior
race bears the superior down. Why, Judge, if
we will not let the.ni get together in the 'l'eni
lories they won't mix there, (Immense up
pluiiso. A voice "Three ch-er3 for Lincoln." (The
cheers were (jiven with a hearty good will.
Mr. Lincoln should say at least that that
is a self-evident truth.
Now, it lup-p -in that wc meet together once
every year, sometime uhout the 4th of July, for
some re ig. 111 or other. These 4th of July gath
erings, I mippose have their uses. If you will
itiduig' mo I will state what I suppose to be
sonu of them.
We e i-o e mighty nation, 'we era thirty or
about thirty millions ot people, and we own and
inhabit ab mt one-lifteenth part of the dry land
of the whole earth. We run our memory back
over the pages of history Tor about eighty-two
years, ami we discover that we were then a
very small people 111 point of numbers, vastly
inferior what we are now, with a vustly less ex
tent of country with vastly less extent ol
everything we deem desirable nmong men, we
look upon the change as exceedingly advantage
ous to us an I to our posterity, and we fix upon
something that happened away back, us iu
some way or other being connected wilh this
rise of prosperity. We had a race of men liv
ing in that day whom we claim us our fathers
nod grandfathers; they were iron men; they
fought for lli-principle that they were couteud
in:;; and wo un I'-rstaud that by what they then
did it has followed that thedegiee of prosperity
that we now enjoy lias come to us. We hold
this annual celebration to remind ourselves of
the good done in process of time, of how it was
done end who di I it, and how we are historically
couii-cted with it; and we go from these meet
ings in better humor wilh ourselves we fed
toor attached the one to the other, and more
firmly bound to the country wo inhabit. In
every way wt are better men in the age, and
race, and country in which we live for these
celebrations. But after we have done all this
we have not reached the whole. There was
something else connected with it. We have
besides these nun descended by blood from our
ancestors among us perhaps half our people
who are not descendants at all of these men,
they ere men who have come from Europe
German, Irish, French and Scandinavianmen
that have come from Europe themselves or
whose ancestors have coma hither and settled
here, ful ling themsel vesour equals in all things.
If they look hack through this history to trace
their connections with those days by blood, they
find thy have none, they cannot carry them
selves hick into thit glorious epoch and make
themselves feel that they are part of us, but
wh 11 they look through that old Declaration of
1 1 dependence, they find thut those old men say
that " We hold these truths to be self-evident,
that all men ur-j created equal," and then ihey
feel that this moral sentiment taught in that day
evidences their relation to' those men, that it is
tha rather of all moral principle in them and
that th-y have a right 10 claim it as though
they were blood of the blood, and flesh of tho
fl'shofth.s in mi who wrote that Declaration,
(loud and I on a continued npplause) and so they
are. That is the electric cord in that Declara
tion tint links the hearts of patriotic end liber
ty-loving men together, that will link those
patriotic hearts as long as tha love of freedom
exis's in the min is of m m throughout the world.
(Applause.)
Now, sirs, for the purpose of squaring things
with this idea of" don't care if slavery is voted
up or down," for sustaining the Dred Scott de
cision A voice" Hit him gain," for holding
that tht D'daration of Independence did not
nvan anything at all, we have Judg-j Dougtus
giving his exposition of what the Declaration
of Independence means, and we have him say
ing that iht people of America were equal to
the people of England. According to Ins ton
'tructi o.i, vo,i Germans are not connected with
it. Now 1 ask you in all soberness, if all these
things, if intulriei iu, if ratified, if con Tii.ii -it
and en lorse. I, it taught to our chil Iren and i
pealed to 1 hi in, do not tend to rub out the tcu
ti.utn; l libeiiy i,i t'.g cojLti, und to ti!i:;s-
form 1hl- Government into 11 government of
some other form.
It nny be argued that thre am c-rluin con
ditions that ni ik- necessities an I imposejhein
upon in, an I to the extent tht if a n-cessTiy is
imperil upon a nun Im must submit to it. I
think that was tin condition in which we found
ourselves when we established this g ivsrnmenl.
We hvl slavery among us, we could not get our
constitution unless we permitted them to re
main In slavery, we could not securo the good
we did secure if we grasped for more,-and hav
ing by uscussily submitted to thatejiuch, it does
not destroy the piiuciple that is the charter of
onr liberties. Let that charter stand as our
standard.
My friend has said to me that 1 am a poor
hand to quote Scripture. I will try it again,
however. It is said in one of tho admonitions
of tho Lord, " As your Father in heaven Is per
fect, be ye also perfect." The Saviour, I sup
pose, did not expect that any human creature
could be as perfect as the Father in Heaven;
but Ha said, " As your Father in Heaven is per
fect, be ye also perfect." He. set that up as a
standard, end he who did most to.vards reach
ing that standard, attained the highest degree of
moral perfection. So I say iu relation to the1
principle that all men arc cteatad equal, let it be
us nearly reached as we can. If we cannot
give freedom to every cre ttare, let us do nothing
that will impose slavery upon any other crea
ture. Applause. Let us then tirn this govern
ment back into the channel in which the Irnmers
of the Constitution originally placed it. L -t us
stand firmly by each other. If we do not do so
we are turning in a contrary direction, that our
fii.nd Judg' Douglas proposes uot intention
ally as working in the truces that tend to make
this one univeiiil Slave nation. A voice
"that is so." Ho is one that runs in that di
rection, and as such I resist him.
My friends. I have detained you about as
long as I desired to do, and I have only to say,
let us discard all this quibbling about this man
and the other man ' hisj race and that race and
tin other raco belli!? interior, and therefore they
must bo placed in an inferior position. L-t us
discard ail these things, and unite 11s one people
throughout this laud, until we shall once more
stand up declaring that all men aro created
equal.
. . . m
--Gov. Chase has appointed Cyrus Menrlen
hall, of Jefferson county, a Director of the Ohio
Penitentiaiy in tho place of Gen. Spink, re
signed. This appointment, like nil those made by
Gov. C, is a proper one. Mr. Mendenhall-well
known in this city is n gmtleman who has
devoted much labor and thought to prison reform
and when a tnsmb-t of tha Legislature devised
thu law re-organizing the Penitentiary. Clevt.
Herald.
Republican State Convention.
Convention which assembled in Colum
bus on the 13th, was one of the best ns regards
numbers, c irnt'tnes und unanimity, that has
over convened in Ohio. Tho delegates came to
jV'ther like men eugnginl in cause above self, a
oause for which every thing, save principle,
should heud, a cause for tho success of which
their heartiest exertions should be pledged.
They went to work like earnest men, and hav
ing no piques to settle, no wound to open, nor
to heal, the buoinebsof the Convention wns dis
patched iu u few hours, and iioihing from (irist
to Inst occurred to iimr the harmony of tin
crowd, or to jar iu tho slightest particular the
proceedings. Every county iu Ohio, save one
small one, had its full delegation, but notm were
tenacious, none were impracticable, bill uli were
ready and willing t ) yield pre fere 11 cos, to bury
prejudices, and anxious to present to h common
foe an undivided front.
Tha Convention was called to order by Hon.
Win. Dennisoii, Chairman of the State Central
Committee, who nominated Gen. J. M. Ashley,
of Toledo, us Temporary Chairman, and Messis.
Holli.-ter of Hamilton, Granger of Muskingum,
and Benedict of Cuyahoga, as Temporary Secre
taries. Gen. Asliloy on iissuniing tin Chair, male a
few well timed and appropriate remarks.
Committees of 21 were then chosen on cre
dentials, on permanent rules nnd order of busi
ness, oil resolutions, on State Central Commit
tee. When these Committees retired, culls wero
made for Hon. John A. Bingham, of Hnrison,
the able iiiemb-r of Congress from that District,
who responded in a speech of power and elFect.
Culls were made for Joshua R. Giddings, when
thut scar worn veteran iu the Republican causa
came forward, but was compelled to decline
making any remarks from prudential motives,
and by strict command of his physicians. Ca
leb B. Smith was next called out and spoke un
til adjournment, giving one of his thrilliugly elo
quent appeals in behalf of the cause ol Republi
canism. AFTKI1S00N HKSSIOSf.
Samuel' Ciiaioiikaii, of Dayton, was chosen
president of the Convention, wilh 21 vice presi
dents, (James Murray, Esq., being SiL-cted for
the Olh district,) and G Secretaries.
RKS0I.UTION3.
The Committee on resolutions, tLrough their
Chairman, Hon. B. P. Wade presented the fol
lowing, which was unanimously adopted, the
oouvt-iiuon giving a tremendous aye :
1. ltcaolvtd, That the Republicans of Ohio,
in Convention assembled, entertaining an abid
ing confidence in the cardiiiuljdoctrinesol tho par
ty, heretolore inscribed upon its banner, and in
the defence of which it has never failed to se
cure from the iuiclii.ent um patriotic 'freemen
of the Suite, an ardent uud ti iumphuut support,
hereby reullirni the same, and again commend
them to iIm favorable consideration of the peo
ple. ad. llcsolvcd, That the President of the Uni
ted States uud his servile panizaiis in Congress,
union by 1110 emiasaues in Kansas, in their per
sistent efforts to enforce by violence, fraud und
bribery, ami intimidation upon the people of
that territory 0 Constitution- in opposition to
un; ir wiu.anu unraudoi their undoubted rights,
deserve and ought to rece'ue the unqualified con
demnation of all the American people.
31. llesolved, That the astounding disclo
sures ol the ruinous and coirupt prodigality of
.1. . v . .: i a j. 1 . 1 - 1:
111a iiawunui viaillllllsiruilOll, Wtlicn, in tile DI III!
period of eighteen months ot profound peace,
lias exhausted an overflowing treasury, and add
ed to the publio debt forty millions of dollars,
without any visible indications of a proposed
remedy, or a cessatiou ot the evil submits to thu
people to choose between the alternative of
National Uaukruptcy or National Reform.
4. Jiiaolved, That wc invite all men ofull
parties, to join with ts in restoring the Govern
ment 10 it original purity and principles, uud
pr. serving it as an inhciilaucu lor those who
may co.ne al.er u.
Wo cull hlleiilioii to these resolutions as a
piiUi iO l.. t.ilulc toiiveiituiiii.. Tin Convention
w .s cj.n,j.'ioc,i ii men ol o,ko, not woolj, u.i.l
that rock on which political conventions are so
olteu wrecked to wit: elaborate and .minute
platform was safely li ft at a distance. The
resolutions say just eunuch, for a nuire of fools.T
cap could not make tho uims snd objects of the -Republican
prty any more plain than they are ,
now, for that puity can be seen and. read of all
The following were presented for the constJ
nation ol the Convention J
Win. V. Peck, of Scioto.
John Welsh, of Athens.
John L. Green, of Ros.
Owen T. Fishback. of Clermont.
R. P. Spaulding, ol Cuyahoga.
C. B. Goddard, of M iskiugtiiu.
K. Watson, of Seneca. ' '
R. M. Corwiue, of Hamilton.
i. W. Caldwell, of Hamilton.
W. Lawrence, of Logan.'
Upon the4Buiioiiiicenient of Judge Spsulding's
name, Mr, Parsons, of Cuyahoga, rose, and read
a letter from Judge S., withdrawing his nam e.
On the second ballot, Hon. Win. V. Peck of
Scioto, was dec'ared nominated, and that norn
ination was made unanimous. Judge P. is 011a
of the first lawyers in Ohio, and when he ran
for Judge in his own district, no competitor ap
poured to contest tho race: such vui the ec
knowledged ability and character of Judge reck.
His nunto Is a tovcr of strcnuth to the ticket,
and he will grace the Supreme flench in au emi
nent degree.
The nomination of Christopher P. Wolcoltt
of Summit, wus made by Declamation, cue We- ,
mentions "Aye'' from the rutin Convention pay '
ing that able lawyer and thut admirable Attor- 1
ney General a compliment as well deserved aait
was hearty and spontaneous.
For Comptroller but one ballot was tskerl fe
eultinn in the choice of Wm. B. Thrall, of
Franklin, the present incumbent by appoint-
ment. The nomination was ft compliment to '
Mr. Thrall nnd to Governor Chase whose ap
puiuteo lie is.
For member of tho Board of Public Works
there wero five ballots. The names presented
on the first ballot were as follows: Messrs. Mar
tin, Hinch, Mitchell, Whitenian, Laidzle, Eb
lesion, Sergeant, Chnpin, Kelley, Jsrvip, Blalf,
Sears, Howe and Durloe ; after the first ballot
Kent Jams, of Stark, Howe, of Summit, and oth
ers were withdrawn. On the fifth ballot John
L. Martin, of Butler County was nominated.
Mr. Martin was every way qualified for the
post, and will discharge the duties of the station
with ability und integrity.
Tho names of the Central Executive Commit
tee were omitted in their proper place. That
Committee is ns follows;
Win. Denisou, Jr., Lucien Buttles, Wm. Bat
comb, R. N. Barr. N. H. Swnyue.J. 11. Coulter,
and Geo. M. Parsons, of Columbus. At large
Joshua R. Giddings and Caleb B, Smith.
Iu the evening a general ratification meeting'
wns lielil in the Stute House yard, which we s
nddrossed by Senator Wadu in un obln and con-:
vim ing speech, and nlso by lion. B. ' F.
Stuntou. another of the Republican Members of
Congress, who so ably represents Ohio on tha
floor of Congress.
-.i
"Good Night." "Good Night, Papa."
These uro tho words whoso music lias not left
our cars since thu glouming, nnd now it is mid-'
night. " Good night, thirling! God " bless you;
yon will have pleasant dreams, though I toss In
lever, haunted by the demons of care timt harrastt
me through the day. Good night!" The clock on
tho maiitlo struck twelve, and no sound wss heard
in thu house suvu thu regular breathing of those
little lungs in the next room, heard through tho
door ujar. Wc dropped our pen, folded our arms,
mid sut giiaing ou thu luzy lire, while the whole
panorama of a life passed before us, with its many
" good nights." It is a great thing to be rich, bat
it is 11 rich thing to huve a good memory provi
ded that memory bears uo unpleasant fruit, bitter
to the taste; and our moinory carries ns buck to
many u pleasant scene to tho littlo arm chuir by
thu fireside; to the ttuiidlc bed ut the foot of tht
hud; to thu luwn iu front ol the house, und tha
orchiird behind it; to the buttor-ciips, and the 11c W
clover, and thu chickcus and the swallows, uud tha
birds' nests, uud tho strawberries, and tho many
things that uttract tho wondering eyes of child'
hood, to say nothing of the mysteries of the starry
skies, und tho wtird gloom of tho moaning forest.
Hut, then, there woro the good nights," uud tho
littlo pruyer, und tho downy bed, on which
slumber foil 11a lightly us 11 snow fluke, only warm
er, mid such dreams us only visit perfect innocence!
The household "good night!'' Somebody, in whose
brain iu rich music still lingers, has written thus I
"Good night!" A loud clear voice fro'm tho
stairs said that it was Tommy. " Dood nightl''
manners a little something from the trundle-bed
u little something that we cull Jcuuy, that filled
large place in thu centre or two pretty little hearts.
"Good night!" lisps u little follow 111 a pluid ri
fle dress, who wus named Willio ubout six yeurs
" Now I lay mn down to aletp,
1 prnv thi! lr(l my soul to k.p;
It 1 should die bet'or. I wake."
and the small bundle iu the trutidlu-bed has drop
ped off to sleep, but the broken pruyer may go up
sooner than many loug petition, that set out a
great while before it.
And so it was "good night" nil around tha
homusteud; nnd very sweet music it made, too, In
in tho twilight, uud very pleasant melody it makes
now, us we think of it; lor it wus not yesterday
nor the day belore, but u long time ugn go long
thut Tommy. is Thomas Somebody, LVq., uud has
forgotten that he ever was a boy, uud wore whut
the bravest and richest of us can weut but once,
il we try the first pair of boots.
Aud so it was "goodnight" all aroum tha
house; and tho children hud gone through the ivory
gate, always left u little njur fur the 111 through
into tho laud of dreams.
And then the lover's "good night," and tho
parting kiss! They are us jnodigal of the hours
as the sjaendlhiift of his coin, und the minutes de
part iu goldt 11 showers, uud fall iu dying spur kg at
their feet. "Goodnight."
Fist Chamois to Mahrv. One of the minis
ters, suys the Princtvs Belgiojoso, in her Eastern
travels, in very good circumstances, bad three
daughters who had long reached a nubile ago.
The minister perceiving that no one made thorn nil
oBer, thought it advisable to wait 110 longer, so ho
put in execution a thoroughly American idea.
One Sunday he preached 011 matrimony: ha devel
oped the text, ' Increase and multiply," declaring
to his congregation that it was it command, and
not merely a council. He dilated with eloquence
and warmth on tho chaste pleusures of wedlock,
and euded his sermon by oflcring his three daugh
ters, with three thousand dollars apiece, to any
persons thut were willing to nurry them. Ho ad
ded that, a ter the sermon, ho would receivo th
names of the of',-rcir, uud that his choice would
fall 011 those who possessed the he,t mural charac
ter. A facetious ji Uiman, who wus pres?nt, (ami
where urc they not) did not wait the moment indi.
cu.ed I iv the priest iii raise his Voice, lie request
ed tha. I,u na.iiv should Im placed 0,1 thu list lor
two!