River Falls journal. [volume], September 15, 1910, Image 6

About River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019

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6
y**— the excavation In Crete, which
£ changed the Minoan myths into h s-
ML / torical fact and revealed the exis
tence of a great island empire tha
/ existed in the Aegean long before
. I Greek civilization began, there have
ra been few discoveries of greater in
trO W terest and importance than those
V jf which have recently been made by
Professor Garstang at Meroe, in the Sudan.
Professor Sayce in 1909 located the site o ®
city of Meroe on the east bank of the M e, je
tween the Fifth and Sixth Cataracts, and the ex
cavations carried on by Professor Garstang a
the end of 1909 enabled the details of the Ethio
pian capital to become known. The Temp e o
Amon, where the Ethiopian Kings were crowner,
was also discovered. Even more interesting is
the excavation of the beautibul Sun Temple,
which was discovered at the edge of the khoi.
or meadow, thus confirming the account of Hcio
dotus, who tells us that Cambyses sent to the
Ethiopian King to inquire about “the Taule o
the Sun” in a meadow “in the suburbs of the
capital, where cooked meats were set each
night.” There is no doubt that this building is
referred to in the Homeric legend that Zeus
find the other gods feasted every year for twelve
rlays among the blameless Ethiopians. Man>
others buildings were also explored, and the
Temples of the Lion and the Kenisa were dis
covered. It may be that the lion emblem
was of frequent occurrence, and may probably
have been the totem of the district. Many beau
tiful objects were dug up by the expedition, in-
\im%L 4 $ l*-- • V
Ip* -
r-.
oj^/r/y sr/f/ap/AJv oz/ez
eluding forty inscriptions in the hieroglyphics
of Meroe, two royal statues, and a great many
vases of a new kind of pottery, objects of wood
>md glass, titles and pottery. Especially inter
esting was the pottery which is almost as thin
ns biscuit china, and gives evidence of Koman
influence. Professor Sayce found Greek inscrip
tions showing how the city was destroyed at
the end of the fourth century A. D., by a King
of Axum, since which event the city was un
occupied.
Ethiopia was the name given by the Greeks
to a country south of Egypt variously conceiv
ed as including only Nubia (Aethiopia Aegypti),
or Nubia, Sonnar, Kordofan and Abyssinia, or a
region extending indefinitely east and west
from the Upper Nile, but applied after the fall
of Moroe more particularly to Abyssinia. The
name is said to have had its origin from the
fact that it was alluded to by the Greeks as a
country of sunburned faces.
Historically there were three distinct king
doms known as Ethiopia, those of Napata, Me
roe and Askum. There is no definite evidence
that either of these included at any time all
the territory between the southern border of
Egypt and Bab el Mandeb.
Already in the time of the old empire the
Egyptians had relations with their southern
neighbors. From the forests of Nubia they ob
tained a large proportion of their timber, and
the city of Abu (Elephantine) derived its name
from the ivory which found its way to this
place from the interior of Africa. King Uncas
(c 3290-3260 B. C.) employed warriors belong
ing to six Nubian tribes In his war upon the
Bedouins. The early pictorial representations
of Nubian archers do not suggest that they
were negroes. A regular conquest of the coun
try south of Syene apparently was not under
taken until the twelfth dynasty (c. 2522-2323).
The most powerful Nubian people at this time
was Kash or Kosh, the Hebrew Cush. It is
probable that the stock was originally Hamitic,
though In course of time it absorbed various
Negritic tribes. Usertesen 111 (c. 2409-2372)
established his frontier north of the second
cataract and built for Its protection two forts
at Semneh and Kummeh on opposite sides of
the river. Whether the Hyksos kings ever held
possession of this territory is doubtful. At any
rate it had to be reorganized by Aahmes (1575-
1553), the founder of the eighteenth dynasty
and hi's successors. Napata probably had been
the capital of the independent kingdom, since
It was made the residence of the viceroy, en
titled prince of Kosh, who governed the new
Egyptian province. In the time of Rameses II
there was an unsuccessful rebellion. Pianchi I,
who seems to have reigned in Napata since 777,
ivailed himself of the weakness of Egypt at the
end of the reign of Uasarken HI to make an in
vasion of Egypt He defeated twenty petty
Tulers and forced a treaty. Shabaka, a grand
son of Pianchi, united all Egypt with Ethiopia
under one crown. Napata was destroyed by
Gambyses in 524.
Styles in Sailors ’ Dishes '
Passing of Wind-Jammer Brings New
Fashion in Menu for Sea-
Going Men.
“Dog’s body ?’ ” said the steamship
oGcer, in answer to a passenger’s
query. “Why, ‘dog’s body’ is a dish
peculiar to the sailing ship and tramp.
Thera are several others, but they
eeerr to be dying out with the wind
iu'amer, as you seldom hear of them
p 1 rt£PO£_ hUij
A new kingdom
gradually arose in
the south after the
fall of Napata, with
Meroe as its capital. The kings, Arura, Ilar
siot, Nastasen, who reigned in the fifth and
fourth centuries, conquered considerable ter
ritory south of Meroe in Seunar and Kordofan,
and possibly in Abyssinia. While the suzer
ainty of the Ptolemies seems to have been rec
ognized for religious reasons. King Ergamenes,
by putting to death the priests who had de
manded that he should abdicate in the time of
Ptolemy IV Philopator (221-204), paved the way
for independence. Ptolemy V. Epiphanes (204-
181) was able to resist his attack upon Egypt,
but not able to prevent his asserting of sover
eignty in Ethiopia. Queen Candace seems to
have extended her power in the north, and
twenty-five provinces are said to have been
tributary to her. But her invasion of Egypt
was successfully resisted by Caius Petronius
in B. C. 24. Napata, that had been rebuilt, was
destroyed by the Romans. Another Queen
Candaoe is mentioned in Acts viii. But gradu
ally Meroe itself fell into ruins. To guard
against invasion by the Bleramyans, a people
akin to the Bugaitae, the modern Beja, Diocle
tian moved the Nobatae, negro tribes of the
same stock as the population of Kordofan, from
the oasis of Khargeh into the Nile valley.
The mountain region of Abyssinia was prob
bably inhabited In very early times by Semites
as well as Hamites. Whether the original home
of the former was In Africa or in Arabia the
overflow population would naturally set In the
direction of this Alpine country. As the native
name shows, the Semitic Ethiopians were still
In the nomadic state when they entered this
territory, priding themselves on being wan
derers, roaming freely wherever they liked.
There were evidently successive waves of im
migration. If the Egyptian Hbst Is of Semitic
origin, as can scarcely be doubted, they were
apparently kinsmen of the Yemenites in Eretria
and on the Somali coast c. 1500 B. C. Sebaean
inscriptions found In Yeha, the ancient Awa,
may be as old as the seventh century B. C.
As long as the Ptolemies domnlnate the
Erythrean coast from Adulis, Berenice and Ar
sinoe, a strong Abyssinian kingdom could not
well develop. But in the reign of Augustus,
when the Romans suffered serious reverses in
Arabia, and were occupied in Africa with
Queen Candace, while the Arsacld conquests In
eastern Arabia forced the Yemenite States to
seek compensation for their losses elswhere,
the Semitic element in Ethiopia seems to have
been reinforced, and the kingdom of Askum
founded. The “Periplus marls Erythroei,” prob
ably written by Baslles between A. D. 56 and
67, refers to a king of Askum by the name of
Zoscales, who controlled the coast from Masso*
wah to Bab el Mandeb, and was a friend of
Greek culture. It is possible that some of the
Greek coins with Greek legends that have been
preserved should be assigned to the second
these days. The new style of ships
and men brings forth new style dish
es. For Instance, there Is ‘black pan’
and ‘hoodie/ dishes seen regularly in
the quarters of the seamen and sto
kers respectively.
“‘Black pan' consists of chicken,
ham and roast beef. The variety, how
ever, consists of scraps of food from
the saloon tables and is given to the
men by the chef as unfit for other
XXCAVAT/OJY OX XXX X/QY Al TAX AAO XAOI OF
COjL/yxrxo yx xxx txa/pyx ox aatoj y.
use. Every evening after dinner two
of the men go aft to the galley and get
a couple of panfuls of the delicacies
which they would otherwise never get
their teeth into. All the grub des
tined for the sailors is thrown into a
big pan in the galley; hence the name.
Why the pan is called black I cannot
see.
“ ‘Hoodie’ is a dish peculiar to the
stokers. It is also made from scraps
from the saloon tables, with the ex
ception that occasionally raw pork and
beef are used In its make-up. So far
and third centimes A. D-
On a marble throne In Adulis, Cosmos
Indicopleustes found and copied in the sixth
century an inscription commemorating the power
of a great king whose name is not given. lie
is supposed by some scholars to be the founder
of the Askumite kingdom, but It is more prob
able that he reigned at the end of the third
century A. D. King Aizana is known to have
reigned in the year A. D. 356. In his time
Frumentius preached Christianity in the coun
try. The political relations that had long ex
isted between Askum and Rome were such as
to favor his mission. In 378 Askum was re
duced to its African territory. In A. D. 525
Elesbaas, king of Askum, with the aid of the
Sabaen and Hadramautian rulers, made an
end to the Himyarite kingdom of Dhu Nuwas,
and Ethiopia again controlled Arabian territory.
Before the end of the century, however, the
Askumites were driven back to Africa, and
never again extended their conquests to Arabia
According to a letter addressed to a king of
Nubia in the time of the Patriarch Philotheus
of Alexandria (980-1002), preserved in the four
Ways of Berlin Women
"I believe that the typical German hausfrau
is a myth," said a New York woman who re
turned the other day from a year’s residence
in Germany. “I don’t see how the average
German woman finds any time to be a haus
frau. I sometimes wondered when the Ger
man woman found time to do anything at
home.
“I spent eight months in Berlin with my
daughter, who was studying music. From
eleven to twelve In the morning the cases
were parked wfth German women, who go out
to take their second breakfast in the public
restaurants, a thing unknown In America.
“They take along their sewing or embroid
ery and sit an hour or two over their cup of
coffee or glass of beer. At the concerts, too,
they take their work and spend hours day
after day listening to the music. You can spend
an afternoon listening to beautiful music, a
magnificent orchestra with fine vocal artists,
for 16 cents. That Is an illustration of some
of the things thau help to exile Americans.
"At three in the afternoon again you will
see the case crowded with German women tak
ing their afternoon tea. I think American
women are more domestic than German, be
cause I never heard of American women who
left their homes in the evening to pass the
as I can learn, it is made as follows:
First, all meat is stripped from the
bones and thrown on a chopping
board, along with some raw onions,
potatoes and the like. After it is
chopped Into small pieces a liberal
quantity of salt, forecastle butter, bay
leaves and other seasoning is added,
the whole being thoroughly mixed.
Each stoker has brought a tin 'bucket'
aboard with him, and Into his bucket
he places his *whack* of the mixture,
after giving the bucket a liberal coat
ing of butter. Then the cover is placed
Ji
VOTJVjET ALT/1/? FOI/SW AT A7r/POjT.
teenth century “Life of the Patriarchs” and it,
the “Ethiopic Synaxar,” a woman who reigned
over the Beni el Hamuna had recently invaded
the country, burned the churches and monas
teries, and driven him from placo to place. Ma
rianus Victor speaks of this woman as the foun*
der of the Zague dynasty, and as having mar
ried a ruler of the province of Bugna, a name
afterwards corrupted into Beni el Zague.
Eleven kings of the so-called Zague dynasty
reigned until 1270.
The earliest monuments of Semitic speech in
Ethiopia are inscriptions found at Yeha.
These are written in the consonantal Sabaen
script and indicate that the writers used the
lesna Gees, the language of Semitic Ethiopia,
as early as the seventh century B. C. Geez
is today represented by two dialects, Tigre and
Tlgrai or Tigrina. The latter is spoken in
Tigre, and the former is spoken in the districts
north and northwest of Tigre, and shows great
similarity to the old Geez.
time at the club. A German friend took me
one evening to the German women’s club. The
club has a magnificent suite of apartments, in
cluding auditorium, reading room, parlor, case
and smoking room.
“When she took me into the last apartment
it almost feazed me for a minute. It was blue
with smoke. I had never before seen a room
filled with elegantly gowned, cultivated women
all smoking. These were the wealthy society
women of Berlin, titled some of them.
“They were cosmopolitan in theii dress and
manners and did not present any striking
points of difference from the American women
except in the smoking. It made the occur
rence of last summer, when our immigration
officials detained a second class passenger, a
woman art dealer, for inquiry into her sanity
because she smoked cigarettes, appear very
funny in retrospect.
'The German women’s clubs, like those of
the Englishwomen, are based on the same prin
ciple as men’s clubs; these are places for so
cial enjoyment and for the convenience of
members in taking meals, entertaining friends
and so on. They do not take up work in study,
philanthropy, reform and so on, like the wom
en’s clubs in America.”
over the whole. On going on duty he
carries his bucket down with him, and
places it among the ashes under his
fires. By the end of his watch it is
thoroughly cooked, as you can imag
ine, and Is carried up the ladders as
he goes off duty. When cooked it is
‘hoodie,’ and, to judge by its aroma,
is a rich and rare dish. How it de
rived its name is more than I can
tell.”
A souvenir by a»7 ether name v-ouM
probably be called trash.
PROGRESS OF AYRSHIRE COW
Experiments at lowa Station Show
Breed Making Rapid Strides in
Popularity.
During the past few years, since the
Ayrshire Breeders’ association insti
tuted official tests conducted by and
under the supervision of the experi
ment stations, the Ayrshire cow has
made rapid progress in popularity, as
the perfect dairy cow, writes C. M.
Winslow, secretary of the American
Ayrshire Breeders’ association, in an
exchange. This official testing has
brought to the front a class of dairy
Ayrshires, noted for utility, and has
more and more influenced the breed
ers in trying to eliminate any defects
she might have, and bring to the front
her remarkable qualities as a profit
able dairy cow for every day service.
One hopeful feature of tho breed is
that she has built herself up on all
lines of dairy utility in dairy con
formation and dairy lines of beauty,
and the Ayrshire cow stands today
unique among the dairy breeds, with
no aristocracy of family distinction,
but maintains her popularity from her
individual and breed qualities.
While there are minor differences
in her appearance, under different
breeders, and in different countries,
the Ayrshire is an Ayrshire wherever
found, and shows the same strong
breed characteristics, of shapely ud
der, strong constitution and vigorous
appetite, shows herself to be a great
dairy cow under any and all condi
tions and carries the type of the
breed in her every act.
dHUI_
Ayrshire Heifer.
In Scotland, in Canada and In the
states she has been bred not for fam
ily booms, or individual phenomenal
excellencies, but all along the line she
has been pushed as a breed of uni
formly dairy superiority.
This Is I believe greatly to her ad
vantage, and greatly to the advantage
of all purchasers of Ayrshire cows,
for the uniformity of her dairy excel
lence makes all buyers pleased with
their purchases and maintains the gen
eral good name of the Ayrshire cow.
In studying the results of the testing
for advanced registry the two facts
are strongly brought out that there is
great uniformity in the breed in pro
duction at the pail, and while wo can
not boast of any world beater In one
or two individual cows, we rejoice in
the fact that there are none very poor,
the general run being from good fair
cows to very superior ones.
PREVENT COW FROM SUCKING
Excellent Device Is Illustrated and
Has Proven Very Satisfactory
—ls Sasy to Make.
The accompanying il. astration shows
a device for preventing a cow from
sucking herself. It consists of a box
like arrangement of boards. The side
pieces should be of 2x6s to make it
sufficiently strong, and the pieces
nailed to them at the sides should be
long enough to touch her just before
Prevents Cow From Sucking.
the shoulder blade when the head la
turned. This has proven very satis
factory, having done its work where
others have failed.
Making Good Butter.
Keep eacn day's run in a can by It
self until, it is thoroughly cooled. It
can then be put in the general stor
age can for delivery.
Even the frame of the machine
should be kept clean. Some seem to
think that their duty is ended when
they have cleansed the bowl.
A hand separator presupposes some
power other than hand power for run
ning. You may start with the idea
that you are going to run it by hand,
but you soon realize the economy of
something different.
There must be better care all along
the line if we would compete success
fully with the oleo people. There is
nothing they like to hear better than
high officials knocking on the sepera
tor product in any state.
Shipping Milk In Tanks.
Why not transport milk in a sani
tary tank? Denmark has been doing
it for months and milk has been
shipped long distances and recently
all the way to Berlin in such cars. The
tanks are not boiler plate cylinders,
but wooden casks each of 210 cubic
feet capacity, two of which are fas
tened to the floor of the covered
freight car. We all know how the old-*
fashioned tin cans are cumbersome,
expensive and subject to damage. By
the use of tank cars for millt the cost
of handling can be greatly reduced
and the unsightly and unsanitary old
milk can he banished from the land
scape.
I Yours for uni- 1
formity. |
Yours for great- »
est leavening 1
power. \
Yours for never 1
failing results. 1
Yours for purity. 1
Yours for economy. ft
Yours for every- m
thing that go Ci , to \
make up a strictly %
high grade, ever- %
dependable baking Ik
powder. ft
That is Calumet. Try ft
it once and note the im- »
provement in your bak- »
ing. See how much more ft
iconomical over the high- ft
riced trust brands, how W
uch better than tho cheap h
id big-can kinds.
Calumet is highest in quality I
—moderate in cost.
Received Highest Award— 9
World’s Pure Food
Exposition.
WE PAY YOUR RAILROAD FARE
BOTH WAYS TO FLORIDA
Or we will pay two fa"es from your home to
Florida one way. If you buy land in the Florida
Homeland Company’s Celery Farms tract we
do this for you. Celery Farms Colony is a few
miles from Sanford, in the richest truck garden -
ing section of Florida. One thousand 10-acre
tracts now only On sale at. $35 an acre—?3.so an
acre down and SI.OO per acre per month until
paid. When the 1000 tracts are sold there will
be no other land at this price on Celery Farms.
Lake and river transportation, best market,
best soil, best climate, tish and game plentiful.
Write today for copy of Florida Home Herald.
The Florida Homeland Company
490 Atlantic National Hank Ruildlng
Jacksonville. Florida
The best investment possible is a
KNOWN THE WORLD OVER
PR! tEH EH! 3 A flrl Reliable Information of oil
IALirUnNIA U!.L lamls, lenses, and securities.
Three months’trlalsubscriptlon free. INVKSTOKH'
JOURNAL, I*. O. Drawer JW3. Los Angeles, Cal.
I 8l l[ lPS ,!n !3Hi r i? I <£B> WntaonE. Coleman,Wail>
HR®ls B Sk'ngtop. D.C. Rookslree. Ill**
Li £4 B Haiti h Wum reierauoea. Rest multi.
A STUIVNER.
Secke —Mrs. Swellington Is a atom
ning woman, isn’t she?
Weeks —I should think so. She hit
me with her automobile the other day,
and it was two hours before I woke
up.
Outlining Treatment.
“I want you to take care of my
practise while I’m away.”
“But, doctor, I have J”st graduated.
Have had little experience."
“You don’t need it with my fashion
able patients. Find out what they
have been eating and stop it. Find
out where they have been summering
and send ’em somewhere else.”
Brings
Cheer
to the breakfast table —
Post
Toasties
with cream.
Crisp, golden-brown
“crinkly” bits, made
from white corn*
A most appetizing, con
venient, pleasurable
breakfast*
“The Memory Lingers"
Poatmn Cereal Co., Ltd.
Battle Crsek, Mich.