The true northerner. [volume], August 19, 1886, Image 3

About The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920

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1
THE DEMOCRATIC CHESTNUT.
Representative Owen Summar
ir.es the Democratic
Shortcomings.
Without Single Pledge Eedoamed, the
' Democracy Have a Poor Kecord on
Which to Appeal to the Country.
Washington special to Indianapolis Journal.'
I thiuk Mr. Cleveland is making some
effort to carry out Lis civil. service profes
sions, but tha difficulty is he is about the
only man in bis party who even make pro
fessions that way," said llepreseutative
Owen, of the Tenth Indiana District, in
conveisation with the Journal coirespond
ent, just before leaving Washington for his
home at Log;nsport. "There i no meas
ure of national importance," continued Mr.
Owen, "in which his party stands with him.
I saw him the other day, and he looked to
me as if he was dying from louesomeness.
Firmness is his leading trait, and he is
likely to continue his present course to the
e6traugement of Lis party. He has indi
cated that his recent order concerning ost
masters, revenue agents, nud other Uovern
meut employes taking part in politics w ould
be entoiced. It is understood that he will
pick out some shining examples in Indiana.
After the election this fall, if ho should re
lieve a few postmasters and route agents
because of proprietorship of papers or for
party work, it would go far to convincing
the country of his sincerity, and would be
a redeeming feature in an administration
that up to date has exercised no aggressive
qualities."
"The Democrats promised, in the lant
campaign, to reduce the taritf. "Why have
they not done to?" I asked.
"Yes, they made the campaign of 11
on the promise to reduce the tariff, and it
will keep them busy explaining w hy the
robber' was not downed, aud good times
brought to the country, and wheat worth
$1.50 ier bushel." said Mr. Owen. "The
facts are, the Democracy is rapidly disin
tegrating on tie tariff issue. Thirty-rive of
their members voted not to consider Mor
rison's bill, and twenty others announced
that they would vote against it on its final
passage. One-third of the party marshaled
against its chief theory a respectable
minority. Louisiana, Alabama. Mississip
pi, Georgia, Florida, aud Virginia are
rapidly falling into the protection column.
One member from Georgia and one from
Virginia have been defeated for reuomina
tion because they were free-traders. The
new South is to be industrial coun
try. As the appropriations (if the river
and harbor bill passes at S13,UiH,Ui0)
amount to $ox",ot)o,ooo, and as the
estimates of receipts only show :W2,mmi,
000. there will be u heavy deficit at the close
of the year, and it certainly would be a dis
astrous policy to r?'luce the tariff 6J-j,mm,.
000 more. Mr. Morrison seemed determin
ed to obey his platform without reference
to the Treasury. The Democratic? party
has had control of Congress for fourteen
years, with the exception of two years,
every campaign having ben fought on the
war " tariff issue, ami they have not yet
passed a bill. The only reduction the
tariff has had in that time was by its lie
publican friends in lsl. Isn't it strange
how long some people can keep a chest
nut?" "And Hie Democrats," said I, "promised
financial legislation?"
"I had confidently expected legislation
on money matters," replied Mr. Owen.
"Tha country was very much disappointed
when 1'resident Cleveland showed himself
to be an ally of Wall street. . lie is the
most enthusiastic champion the niony
power has ever had in the Presidency.
You will remember the " administra
tion existed a lull year without
making a bond call Two resolutions
were introduced into the House, and the air
grew thick with imprecations lefoie the
Secretary yielded. He has since last March,
"with an announced reluctance, made a
monthly call, and during all that time the
surplus has gone on piling up in the Treas
ury until there are S7.j,ooo,(M)() there. There
was but s?f$,0iMi,0ii0 of surplus when the
Secretary took possession of the Treasury.
It was always the policy of the Republican
party to pav out the surplus on the public
debt. The $i 00,000,01 m) that Mr. Hen
dricks talked about was not a surplus. Sec
retary Manning wrote a letter, which was
read in the Houe during the session, in
which he said that was a fund specifically
set aside for certain uses, and that to use it
for any other purpose he would be guilty of
a misappropriation of trust funds; ami as
Mr. Morrison admitted that the 100,000,
000 was only used for campaign purposes,
it is not necessary to speak further of that
matter."
"A good deal of important legislation has
been defeated by the Democrats, has it not,
during the session?"
"Yes. One of the most important measures-wa
to pay $noo,000 for increased
mail facilities with the South American
States, and with China, Japan, and Aus
tralia. We pay more money thau this for
carrying our mails from the postottices to
the lepot. The bill did not allow over
fifty cents per mile traveled to be paid to a
vessel, while the lowent pay by any of the
great nations for like service is ?l.o, per
mile. Every nation that has secured large
foreign trade has done so through the
channel of mail ships. When there is no
mail there is no trade. The South Amer
ican countries import annually live hundred
million dollars' worth of goods. England
crosses the ocean and takes $200,0 )0,ooo,
and the rest of Europe $2o0,oo0,imm), nnd
the United States $10,00),!)o. We h ive
one milliou idle men, and yet we are suffer
ing from overproduction. If we would open
up the gateway of trade to these states aud
secure this trade, which lies at our very doors,
our one million men would be called to
work and the country rilled with prosperity
but the measure was cruelly defeated by an
almost solid Democratic vote. Our produc
ing power, like every great nation, is W
yomi our consuming power, and like these
nations we must hnd an emptying house
in the semi-civilized countries of be smoth
ered under our over-pnwluctions. Eng
land's foreign mail ships are considered by
political economists to be the master com
mercial stroke of our century. Yet we re
fuse to pay one-half the lowest sum for
such ocean mail service. Our men an idle;
our mines and shops are closed or on half
time; the country is rilled with strikes;
there ii a condition of disorder find unrest;
more families are in want than ever before;
business is stagnated, while we look across
the Gulf of Mexico and view n country of
measureless demands for our goods, hut
tiie Democratic party says they can't go.
We are like Tantalus, surrounded with wa
ter and parched with thirst, and, viewing
banquets, we starve to death.
"The great sehemo of coast fortifications
has failed, tb rebuilding of the navy will
not begun in a practical way. Polygamy
is left untouched. The great educational
bill is left undiscussed. The interstate
commerce bill fail njjain. The financial
situation is not redressed. A free-trade
bill, under the title of 'tariff reform,' was
not so much as discussed, and if any great
measure for tho good of the country was
even meditated it was tot brought into the
House.' I think the majority paity has de
veloped a conspicuous inability to manage
the interests cf the country. Yes, I per
haps ought to say that while all of these
measure have failed, by reasou of the
jealousies and animosities between the
various leaders of the Democratic party, oi
on account of their antipathy to the Presi
dent, there is oue measure on to which they
have come with such a perfect unanimity
that it may be regarded as the fulfillment
of our prophecy. That is in the matter of
vetoing pensions. The whole trend of this
session has beeu against further pension
legislation. True, the widows' increase bill
passed, buttbat is a measure w armed over
from the Senate two years ago, and evtn
the Mexican pension bill is likely to fail,
as it did two years ago. We have had the
boldest effort to create a sentiment against
the pensioning of tho nation's soldiers that
has ever been attempted against the laith
ful soldiers of any country. The President
has dismissed Cabinet meetings to write
vetoes of pension bills. There have been
some patriotic sentiments uttered in his
vetoes, but in the main they have been
characterized more by a feeling of restless
anger that he was called upon to defend
the Treasury against the raid of a merce
nary soldiery. The facts are that all
the" pension bills granted to soldiers
since the war by Congress do not
amount to one-half a million dollars
per year. I cannot with equanimity view
the Vntctacle of . the. Chief Magistrate of
this It .'public vetoing with flippant jests
uud cruel insinuations the jM-a-mouth
pension of some poor veteran who called
on Congress because he was unable to fur
nish the technical evidence demanded by
the Pension Office, w hile he himself is re
ceiving $10,000 for his flowers and bouquets
for this year."
"What will the Democrats do for a battle,
cry now?"
"I don't know what our friends will do
this xall. They have counted the money
and fouud it all there. They have exam
ined the books and say they are all ri'ht.
They have not introduced a single reform
into the Government. They hove not ful
filled a siugle piomise they made to the
people. Every pledge made has been vio
lated. They have even kept the most of
the rascals in the offices because of their
efficiency. I am unable to see on what
tho administration will project the cam
paign." KEITI1LICAN PROSPECTS.
What the Secretary, Mt'lMierHoii, Has to
My AlnMit Them Senator KilmumU lit-teriev-l.
Washington special t" tho Chicago Pally
Newa.l
Edward McPherson, Secretary of the
Republican Congressional Committee,
said, in answer to an inquiry, to-day: "The
committee is doing very little as yet. You
can readily see that it was very important
for us to wait till the Democratic record
was made. It is now done, and we shall
begin active operations immediately. We
might have begun a month ago, and it would
have been the easiest thing in the world
for the Democrats to have made a move or
two that would upset all we had done, but
now the record of this first session of the
XLIXth Congress is completed, and it is a
bad record, too. What have they done
that they can go before the country on? I
confess I do not see. The leaders of the
party expected to make much out of the
surplus resolution, and now that is gone.
I have carefully studied the various ses
sions of Congress for the last twenty-rive
years, and I must say that I thiuk this has
the leat to commend it to the countiy and
the most to condemn it of any I know of."
" hat is the prospect, s j far as you can
judge, of Republican success this fall?"
was aked.
"Oh, we don't expect to gain much in
South Carolina, or Missouri, but there are
localities, even at the South, where Demo
cratic Congressmen have been returned'
time out of mind who will this year rind it
difficult to be elected. The people expected
that they were to be greatly benefited by
Democratic ascendency to power. The
leaders of that party have held out the idea
that prosperity depends upon the Govern
ment instead of upon individval effort,
and many of them took the extravagant
utterances about distributing the money in
the Treasury as though it meant some
thing. Tney began to figure how much
that would come to for each, and many
actually expected wagons to come around
with I'uited States officials to count out the
money. Of course these people are disap
pointed and disgruntled, and the fact that
President Cleveland hasn't distributed the
offices very rapidly has given great dissat
isfaction. All these thinys will show in
the coining election. I am tot prepared at
present to sav how much the gain will be,
but there will be gains."
Senator Edmunds said that he thought
the principal point to be made 1y the Re
publicans in the coming campaign would
be the incompetency of the Democrats to
administer the affairs of the Government.
"The principal criticism that I should pass
upon the administration itself," said Mr.
Edmunds, "and the one that M ill be made
by the Republicans in the canvass, is the
vtty poor class of men selected to fill the
Federal offices of the country." The
speaker thought that the Republicans
would be harmonious and victorious in
l. The Presi dent's vetoes of the pen
sion bills were fair subjects for criticism.
The President had signed a great many
weaker bills than those ho had rejected, he
thought, and his course was not consistent.
The Senator regarded Secretary Bayard's
foreign appointments ns very unfortunate.
Congressman Long, of Massachusetts,
said that he felt certain of a Republican
victory in 11$, and that he thought either
Mr. RIaine or Senator Sherman would be
the Republican stindard-bearer.
The South Carolina Democratic platform
declares iu favor of civil-service reform.
The civil servico needs rtf rming now
more than at any time during the past quar
ter of a century.
INDIANA POLITICS.
The Democrat Likely to Lom Several
Congressmen.
IWaihinjtou special.
A prominent Democratic politician of
Indianapolis declares that tho outlook is
bad for his party in the Hoosier State. He
thinks the Democrats will lose three and
probably four of their present Representa
tives. The Evansville district, now repre
sented by Kleiner, he th nits, will on ac
count ot local dissension m carried by the
Republicans. The same causes, he says,
will defeat Rynum in the Indianapolis dis
trict. In the'Terie Haute district John E.
Lamb, the special friend of Vnorbees, is
the Democratic nominee. He is a high
tariff Democrat, while the district is em
phatically in favor of low-tariff. The
Democrats of the district are complaining
bitterly about Lamb's nomination. It is
said that Sullivan County, in that district,
which usually gives l,00i; Democratic ma
jority, is likely to go Republican. There
is serious dissatisfaction in thn Fort Wayne
district, now represented by Judge Lowry,
but he may pull through.
Horn is a guide-board tlat is always
pointing to a plecsant pathway through grove
and meadow. ; - -
INNOCENT LAMBS.
Such Were ths Chicago llomb-Throw
its, According to the Witnesses
for tho Defense
The Bloodthirsty Policemen Did All the
Shooting and All the
Killing
CinCAOO CORRESPOND FNCE.
Another week ot the anarchist trial has com
and cone, and yet tho end seems a long way off.
The chief gossip of Chicago Is In respect to the
probable outcome of this now celebrated case.
A groat many express tears that the weakness
of the law and the tactics of the defense will to
gether furnish means ot escape fur the eight
criminal!, who are held to be at least morally
responsible for the Haymarket riot and Its
dreadful results. Others seem to hold to the
opinion that some of them, at least, will be con
victed of murder.
The defense act up by the prisoners' counsel
is regarded generally as a very weak one,
though probably the best that could be offered
under tho circumstances. A large number of
witnesses have been examined, nearly all of
whom were regular readers of the ArMter
Ztitung, and either avowed socialists or social
istic sympathizer. Most cf tne witnesses thus
far examined by the defense have been called
for the apparent purpose of attempting to prove
a negative, under the rigorous prompting or
the counsel for the prisoners they have been
male to testify to what they did not see, what
they did not hear, what they wera not in
for mod of, and what they wero not in a position
to know anything definitely about. We have
had a series of witnesses to prove that they did
not eee pistols in the hands of the socialists
who were aesembled iu front of the speak
ers' stand. An effort to prove a nega
tive must inevitably result in failure,
ludeed, under any strict rules of evi
dence such testimony would not be per
mitted. Hut apparently both the court and the
counsel for the prosecution are disposed to allow
the widest latitude to the defense, for the rea
son that it is clearly as much for tho interest of
the people as for that of the prisoners that the
whole truth shall be brought out during the ex
amination of witnesses. Hut for the purpose of
establishing any moral probability as to the
guilt or innocence of the accused, all this testi
mony as to what was not seen or heard is worth
less. Up to this time the chain of proof sub
mitted by the prosecution has not been broken
at a single ioint.
Uut the most ridiculous proposition tho de
fense has been laboring to establish is that the
lollco did all the shooting at the Haymarket:
that the anarchists were a peaceable lot of
lamb-like innocents, and that the gathering
where the bomb was thrown was a perfectly
legitimate and lawful assembly rf highly
respectable gentlemen that met together for tho
most peaceful purpose imaginable. While
their orators were occupied in calm and tem
perate discussion of somo public questions.
counseling their hearers to abstain from all
manifestations of violence, to respect and
obey the laws, an 1 to conduct themselves as
quiet, crderly, and well-behaved citizens, a
squad of policemen appeared and commenced
shooting them down right and left. Heing un
armed, the peaceable gentlemen composing
the assembly did not retuin the fusillade, but
hastened to get out of tho range of the guns of
their wicked assailants as fust as they could.
Nevertheless, the satanic policemen continued
shooting at them ; and, not content with killing
and wounding many of them, turned their
deadly wtaions against each other, and, to
make the work of death in their own ranks
more complete, threw a dynamite bomb Into
their midst. In this way the infernal polico
men managed to kill seven or eight of their own
number and to malm, mutilate, and wound sixty
or seventy more, in addition to the number of
peaceful and unarmed citizens that they either
killed or wounded. Hrietty stated, the defense
judged by the trend of tho so-called testimony
thus far adduced, seems to bo about this : The
defendant did not advise, encourage, aid, abet,
or perpetrate the Haymarket butchery : 1. lie
cause tbat monstrous crime was advised, en
couraged, aided, abetted, and pt-rjtrated by
the pol ce. 2. Hecause the defendants exerted
all tneir strength and influence to provent the
police from committing it. 3. llecau. the de
fendants were somewhere else w hen tho police
perpetrated that awful crime. Those are the
thre- propositions which the attorneys for the
defense appear to be ftruggling to establish.
Carter H. Harrison, Mayor of Chicago.was the
first witness placed upon tho stand by the de
fense. The purpose was to show that after list
ening to speeches at the Haymarket meeting
he told Inspector Honnold that th ro was noth
ing in the aSair to Justify interference by tho
police.
lr, James I. Taylor, an agod physician and
an avowed socialist, testified that he w as ou the
edge of the sidewalk at the Haymarket meet
ing before the speaking commenced, and re
mained there until bullets began to 11 y. lie
saw the bomb thrown, but did not see a mem
ber of tLe retreating crowd tire a shot, t'so po
lice alone emptying tbeir revolvers.
Harton Simonson, a traveling salesman, was ox.
amine 1 at length. The main point of his evidence
w as that concerning the point from which tho
bomb w as thrown and its direction. Tho prin
cipal witnesses for the State swore that tho
bomb proceeded from the mouth of the alley
way iu a westerly direction. Simonson
stoutly maintained that It was thrown from tho
sidewalk, twenty feet south of the south line of
the alleyway, and proceeded in a northwi sterly
direction. There were two othor witnesses
examiiu'd to corroborato Simonson. Their
answers as to the direction of tho bomb wero too
pat to be convincing, and in tho minor details
they differed materially from the chief witness
for "the defense. Their sympathies with the
prisoners were scarcely concealed. One of them,
a Secretary of tho notorious Central Labor
Union, told the improltable story that the light
ed fuse preceded the bomb in its course through
tho air, and he swore that it was thrown from
behind a wagon, which appears, as far as the
evidence has gone, to be almost impossible.
A w itness named August Krumm, who in size
and general outline roinewhat resembles Spies,
was put on the stand to testify that at about the
time when Gilmer says be saw the editor of the
Arbeit r-Ztituruj light the bomb fuse he (Krumm)
went into the alleyway with a companion and
ignited a match with which botn lit their to
bacco pipes. Krutnm's alleged companion on
that occasion, William Albrecbt, was put on the
stand to corroborate this story. The weakness
of this line of defense is apparent. It is a tacit
admission that (illmer had some ground for his
statement, and that he was honestly mistaken
mistaking a tobacco-pipe to be a bomb. Hut
Gilmer swore that he saw the fuse "sizzle" after
ignition, and that the person who he says was
hchnaubelt advanced with the substance to
which the fuse was attachod and threw It into
the midst of the iolice. Neither Krutnm's nor
Albrecht's evidence can be made to correspond
in any way with this portion of Gilmer's story,
besides, tbsre is no resemblence between Al
brecbt and hchnaubelt. Tho witnesses contra
dictod each other In minor details, aud Krumm
broke down completely under tne State's At
torney's cross-examination. Like most of
the socialistic and seml-socialistio wit
nesses, he attempted to prove too much. He
swore that he saw Spies, Fielden, and Parsons
on the w agon while hew at standing wit i his
back to the north wall of Crane's alley, lour or
five feet from the corner. As the wall inter
vened, and as the witness' face was turned from
the speakers, it was impossible that he could
see them in that josition. Krumm fell into tho
mistake of some who testified previously
as to the joint where the bomb ex
ploded. He said it exploded at least
twenty feet south of the south line of the
alleyway, whereas, as proved by overwhelming
testimony, it exploded directly opostte the
alleyway. The witness gave a rambling and
unsatisfactory account of the circumstances
which led to his being at the Haymarket meet
ing, aud before he left the stand the State's At
torney wrung from him tne confession that lie
hadfpenta week in the bridewell .last sum
mer. Krumm'i confederate, Albrecht, told a
more consistent story; but he, too, broke down.
The eagerness of th German socialist wit
nesses to swear that the bomb was thrown from
a point south of the alley ay suggested "coach
lug" by the anarchist sympathizers, and led to
nuinen us blunders as to details. One witness
twor.) he saw no boxes on the sidewalk near
where he said he stool, though If he siM)ke tha
truth ho must have been pushed against them.
When In Washington one is constantly
resent, may I ask?" In Montana and other
mountain Territories the query is changed
met by the query, "What State do you rep.
a little: "For w hat crime have you eloped? n
or "what affair drove you tq the mountains?1
In either case the inference seems natural.
Railroads have to ask Congress for
right of way through Indian lauds. The
Indian when he wants the right of way
through white man's laud "takes it."
Rr.r.ciiEii says American public spirit
Tvill cure anarchists of their anarchy. Ho it
will if it hang thexi. .
THE COLORADO CANNIBAL.
Murdering HI Companions ami Feeling1
I poii Their Flli TIih Horrible Story
Tohl by Urn Iteiiittrselrss Wretch In Ills
Own IfofViis.
Alfred Packer, better known as "tho
Mau-Eater," was recently tried at Uim
nisou, Col., and found guilty of man
slaughter on fivo counts as charged in
the indictment. Judge Harrison sen
tenced tho prisoner to forty years in
tho penitentiary, or eight years for
each man it is supposed ho murdered.
The crime Packer is charged with is
one of tho most horrible on record, and
it is probable more excitement was
created over his acts of cannibalism at
tho time of their discovery than over
any other crime committed in America
during the last half century. During
the early part of tho winter of 1S7L1
Packer, in company with five prospect
orsIsrael Swan, Wilson Bell, George
Noon, Frank Miller, and James Hum
phreys started from Bingham, Utah,
to a new mining district in tho Han
Juan country. The winter was se
vere and game scarce, and when the
party reached tho place where Lake
City now stands they were out of pro
visions, suffering with cold, and crying
for salt. Hero they . went into camp,
and ono ixght Packer murdered his
companions, and for fifteen days lived
off tho tlesh of tho dead men. In the
earlv part of Packer made his way
to Los Pinos Agency, where he stated
that Roll had gone crazy with hunger
and murdered tho four other men while
he' (Packer) was out hunting for game,
aud on his return to camp Roll attacked
him with a hatchet, and ho was com
pelled to kill him in self-defense.
Packer was arrested, had a preliminary
hearing, and was confined in Saguacho
jail, when ho escaped tho same year,
and was a fugitive uutil lf-8'5, when ho
was recaptured at Port Fetterman,
Wyoming, going under the name of
John Schwartz. His attempt to prove
at the trial that ho killed only Pell
failed. Ho stoutly maintains his inno
cence as to tho other four, and seems
reconciled to his fate, although ho
claims it is unjust.
It is certainly ono of tho most re
markable cases known, and the details
read more like the wild creations of
some vivid immagination than actual
occurrences.
The last day Packer hiuisejf was
placod ou tlie stand and testified in his
own defense. He looked pale, his
cheeks wero hollow and his eyes
sunken. He stood up during the en
tire statement, which occupied two and
a half hours. At times ho became ex
cited and emphasized his words with
gestures and not infrequently with
oaths until restrained by his attorney.
As told by the defendant, no story
could be more excitedly interesting and
horrible than the bare recital of how
ho and his live companions wandered
aimlessly about tho mountains without
food, raving mad with hunger, eating
their moccasins, willow buds, rosebuds,
and finally devouring each other. Then,
after the death of the remainder of the
party, the cold, unfeeling account of
how he took ilesh from the legs of his
companions, boiled it in tin cups and
ate it, has never been equaled in the
history of jurisprudence in America.
He admitted that once or twice his
stomach refused to retain such a feast.
Finally his will conquered the auimal
weakness, and ho prepared the food
and ate it without trouble. All these
circumstances wero listened to with the
closest attention by the crowd assem
bled. It was only when tho cross-examination
uncovered tho weak points
in the narrative that tho witness testi
fied to the impossible circumstances
which he recounted that the truth of
tho novel recital was questioned. Then
it was that tho story of starvation was
doubted. Ho testified as follows:
"My name is Alfrod Packer I have been In
tho mountains lor many years. I wus io Utah
in lS7:i, and worked in the mines there till I be
cumu leuiied. This is a form of lead colic ie
culiartotlio men employed in the vicinity cf
tho smelters in Utah und Nevada, j Then 1 came
to iSult Luke, and there I worked a wbile, in a
smelter. I was still utllicted, and m the fall of
I joined a party ut llingham Canyon for a
prospecting trip to tho San Juan country, in Col
orado Territory. I traveUd with MclJrew, to
w hom I gave fc 0 for my passage, und I was to
work for the balance ot my fare. I had $
left. Wo reached l'ry Creek, near Chief Ouray's
camp, in January, le)71. Here the party
separated, Israel bwau, lieore Noon, Irunk
Miller, James Humphreys, Shannon Wilson,
Hell aud myself started from Ouray's camp tor
tho ban huan. It was cold, the snow deep, and
travel diilicult. We fcave up our boots und tied
blankets ubout our feet. Wo had to do it to
keep them from freezing. OI I man Swan gave
cut lirst. He was old aud in thin Mesh. Our
bread gavo out on the niuth day. Wo had only
eaten one meal a day during tho last few days,
because it was storming and blowing so that we
could not see a few feet before us. We wore
keeping up toward the summit of the hills, aim
ing for the Los 1'inos Agency, bell first gave
up his moccasins, and we mado one meal of
those, iKjillng them. I next gavo on mlno, and
then the others did so. Hell had a hatchet.
Noon hod a gun, but I carried the gun about
half the time.
I think we must have been out in the moun.
tains several weeks after running out of food.
The men were getting desperate, and Hell
seemed to be getting crazy. His eyes protruded
from his head. While the others complained
aud talked, he remained silent. The men cried
for salt. They did not ask for food ; it was only
salt, salt. We had been eating willow und
rosebuds for several days, having found some
in the valley near tho lake, where Lake City
now stands. We had run out of matches, and
carried lire with us iu a conee-iot. One day we
saw a game trail upon the mountains, and it was
agreed that I should on the trail, as I was
the strongest. I took the Winchester ride and
searched. In the morning I left tho meu crazy
with hunger. In tho evening when I returned
I had found a bunch of rose bushes aud hod a
good dinner from them, but no game. I folt
stronger. As I approached the nre I saw Hell
Lending over the blaze cooking some meat. I
ppoke to him, and Immediately he rose and
started for me with a hatchet. I ran back down
the bluff, but 1 fell und while down I shot him
through the side as he approached me. He fell
and the hatchet dropped by me. I snatched It
up aud threw it at him and struck him in the
bead. I went up to the camp agaiu and found
that the rest of them were dead and that tho
meat Hell was cooking wal flesh from Hum
phrey's leg. I staid in camp tke rest of that
night.
"I then made my camp off a short distance,
and stayed there for possibly fifteen days. Dur
ing this time I was crazed w ith hunger, and cut
the flesh from Hell's leg and boiled it In a tin
cup and ate it. It made me very sick. My
stomach ws a empty and weak, and I vomited,
very violently that night. After this I frequent
ly ate the meat, and several times I tried to get
out of the country. I would climb up the nioun
tuln, but, failing to see any hope, I would re
turn to camp and again cut the flesh from the
limbs of the dead men and eat it, I wus about
forty miles from Inn Hinos Acwcy, und 1 did
not know tho exact distance. This was along
in April."
Iteturning to those parts of tho nar
rative which he omitted, Packer said i
I am a,iuft'nted of robbing the dead. Yes. I
did rob the dead when I cut the flesh from the
bodies, preparing to start over the range in
search of civilization - I tUn tonic $." from
fiwan'a inoket, aSMdll from Hell, and ;io
from Millor. Here is where I did wrung. I
robbed the dead, but I knew tho inon?y would
do lay dead comrades no good, and I, being yet
allxe. thought the money might help to suvo
my hfo. I aui willing to toko tle bltiuu if rob
bing tho dead, for It was wrun?.
SPIES, SCIIVAB, AUD PAI1S0IIS.
A Trio of the Chicago Anarchists on
, tho WitnMJ Stand in Their
Own Behalf.
He mi mo of Their Tettlmony A.
Damning Letter from Most
to Spies.
Chicago telegram. '
The counsel for the defense in the anarchists'
trial rested their case Wednesday morning,
somewhat unextctedly, and the State sjn'iit a
short time in rebuttal. Schwab, Spies, and l'ar
sons, three of the parties on trlaL were placed
in the witness chair and allowed to tell their
stories. All three of them, no far as they were
ixmnltted by their counsel, acknowledged their
oinm advocacy of the use of dynamite to
overturn the existing order of society. Spies
and 1' arsons acknowledged this in so many
words, and Schwab assented to it so far as he
had liberty to do no. Hut Spies did much
more. lie proved the fundamental
fact of the conspiracy. He even
acknowledged that he knew the meaning
of the "Kuhe signal, and gave a very gauzy
explanation of how it came to be written by
him and inserted iu the Arlfiter-Zvitung. The
sum of his testimony was virtually a statement
to this effect : "All that the State claims is
true, except I don't know any tiling personally
of that pHrtlcular bomb thrown at the Hay
market. Fischer knows more about it than I
do. I am a dynamiter, an anarchist, a revolu
tionist, a friend and disciple of Johann
Most; I want to kill the law and over
throw your so-called civilization, and I
urged others to do so; but I did not throw
that bomb." Most's instructions for anarchists
on the witness-stand were faithfully followed
by this trio of confessed dynamiters. First,
says Most, try to prove an alibi ; second, use
your position for the declaration and dissemin-
ation of our principles. These two rules were
obeyed as far as was consistent with the pres
ent attitude of the defending counsel. All
.three tried to make speeches, and Parsons suc
ceeded so well that in one instance, while
giving an alleged recital of what lie had
said at the Haymarket, he spoke for thirty
flve miuutes without a break. Schwab, Spies,
and l'arsous nra all declared atheists and ene
mies of religion, and declined to take the oath.
They simply athrmed.
Schwab, when he took the stand, amid some
laughter, gave his residence as No. 107 County
Jail. His occupations are co-editor of the
Arbeiter-Ze-ituvtj and brother-in-law to Rudolph
Schnaubelt. He did not see Spies on the night
of the 4th, neither was he in the neighborhood
ot Crane's alley ut that time. His direct ex
amination took up only fiftoen miuutes of the
court's time. Mr, Griuuell, in his cros
examination, led the witness step by step to the
Deenng meeting. The witness wanted to make
a speech when Mr. Griuuell asked him if he was
an anarchist, but was promptly choked o3.
Soies, when put uion the stand, admitted
that ho authorized the printing of the signal
word "Ruh," end confessed it wa in his own
handwriting. He pretended that he did. cot un
derstand its tdniflcance ; yet j$ wa printed in
full-faced type at thgtfitfof the editorial an-nouncem.-nt
column. In the manuscript it was
underllhel ana followed bv exclamation ioints.
iLhad come to him in the regular form of an
nouncement, he said, and with the request that
it should be printed prominently. He learned
its full meaning from Fischer and Hau after
tho paier had gono to press. They agreed in
stating that it was a notice to tho armed sec
tions to arm themselves and to resist the
attacks of the olice, though there was no in
uicauon tuat i
Fischer ulT! It
dication tnat tlie police were going to attaCK
effort to shut te blame on
Illy litiSel cowardly. He also
tried to unload a iait iz the TeTpoasibility for
the violent articles in the ArWiter-Zeitung on
hii fellow-prisoner, Schwab, and ou the pub
lishers of the paper. His explanation of his
conduct at the meeting near McCormick's fac
tory was at variance with his own account
thereof written the same evening and published
in tho Arbeiter-Zeitung the following day. He
said he exaggerated the casualties on the occa
sion on the basis of a report published in an
evening paper of the previous day. He failed
to state that the morning papers containing the
true atatemant of the facts appeared on the
streets, ten hours before his own paper went to
press. Ho took credit to himself for rebuking
the persom who had a circular printed inviting
the workingmen to come to the Haymarket
meeting "armed and in full force," though he
admitted having written the"ltevenge"circular,
which was much moro violent in its language
than the poster calling the meeting. His ex
planations as to the Presence of dynamito
bombs in his editorial desk, and dynamite
packages on his shelves, and his apology for his
interviews concerning street-fighting and tho
use of explosives were flimsy and unworthv of
credence. He tried to make the explanation of
his Haymarket speech the occasion of a har
angue to the jury on the woes of the working
men, but he was not successful.
In the cross-examination of Spies by State's
Attorney (irinnell, something of a sen oat ion
was created when a letter from Herr Jonann
Most to tho witness was produced. Spies, in
his direct examination, had pleaded total ignor
ance f everything concerning dynamite or
bombs, and when this letter was read he was
placed in an exceedingly awkward position,
and showod it by his looks. Following is the
letter:
Dkar Spies : Are you sure that the letter from
tho Hocking Valley was not written by a detec
tive? In the week I will go to Pittsburg, and
I have an inclination, alo, to go to the Hocking
Valley. For tho present I send you seme printed
matter. There Sch. and H. also existod hut ou
lKier. I told vou this some months ago. On
I the other hand I am in a condition to furnish
"tneilicine, and the genuine article at that.
Directions for use are perhaps not need with
these people. Moreover, they were recently
published in tho "Fr." The appliances I can
also send. Now, if you consider the address of
Huchtell thoroughly reliable I will ship twenty
or twenty-five pound. Hut how? Is there an
express lino to the place? Or is there
another way possible? Tolus the groat seems to
delight in hopping about in the swamps of tho
N. Y.V.Z. like a blown-up (bloated) frog. His
tirades excite general detestation. He has made
himself immensoly ridiculous. The main thing
is only that the fellow cannot smusj'lo any more
rotten elements into tho newspaper company
than are already in it. In this regard the caution
is important, The organization hero Is no better
nor worse than formerly. Our group has a)out
the strength of tho North-Side group in Chicago,
and then, besides this, w e have also the hoc. rev.
f, the Austrian and Bohemian leagues three
more groups. Finally it is easily seen that our in
fluence with the trade organizations is steadily
growing. . We Insert our meetings only in the
Fr. and cannot notice that they are worse at
tended than at the time when we yet threw the
w eekly $1.30 and $2 into the mouth of the N. Y.
V. Z. Don't forget putting yourself into com
munication with Drurv in reference to the En
glish organ. He will surely work with you
much and well. Such a paper is more necessa
ry than the Tooth. This, indeed, la getting
more miserable and confused from issue to is
sue, and in general is whistling from the last
hole. Inclosed is a fly-leaf which recently ap
peared at Einden, and is perhaps adapted for
reprint.
Greetings to Schwab, Hau, and to you. Your
Johann Most.
I 8. ToBuchtell I will, of course, write for
the present only in general terms.
A. Spies, 107 Fifth avenue, Chicago, 111.
Anarchist Albert R. Tartons was the third
aud last witness. Parsons was the best witness
of the trio. He Is 38 years old, thin, long-haired,
and sallow; and is keen and intellectual both
in face and manner. He was somewhat affected
In speech, and careful about what he said. In
his story of the riot he gave a mild version of
his speech, taking nearly an hour in the telling
ot it. He had said that the press was subsi
dized by capitalists and monopolists, and be
lieved it. lie had told them law was for sale ;
that "you couldn't get justice without money,
just as you couldn't get bread without money."
The ballot was a farce. Wage-worklng was
slavery. He had advised his hearers to arm,
believing that other means were hopeless.
The defense failed to produce'any testimony
which materially affects the credibility of any
of the wltnesses'for the State e cept the painter
Gilmer, but the prosecution produced a nost of
food men to show that he Is truthful and re
iable. They proved that he was a veteran
soldier and a memner in good ntnnding of a
local artillery company. F.x-Oov. Merrill, ex
Supreme Judge . Cole, and U. H. Circuit Clerk
Mason, all of Des Moines, Iowa, besides several
prominent Chtcagoans, testified that they knew
Gilmer and would believe him.
"Which side of the street do you live on,
Mrs. Kipple?" asked a counsel, cross-ex-omining
a witness. MOh, either side, sir;
if you go one waj it's ou the right side; if
you go the other way, it's on the left.
; Queen Maroaihta of Italy has chosen
a woman physician, Siguora Margarita
Fame, ono of the first Italian women to
study moilicine.
The Bishop of London is the greatest
drinker of tea that has b-en known in En
gland since the death of Dr. Johnson.
It costs Jay Gould $210 a day to keep
his yacht Atahnta iu sailing order.
"Jlllk for Habf,"' Not r Adults.:
Milk ii popularly considered a per
fect food. This, says the Live-Stoct;
Journalt at first sight appears indis" '
putable, since tho young livo end thrive
on it exclusively. JJut if vre look into
the matter a little we sht.ll see that
while it is a perfect food for the young
and growing it doe not follow that it
is a perfoct food for adults who fiave got
their growth. In a certain sense it may
be considered too perfect for the adult.
It contains too much mineral matter,
for one thin?, to be suited to tho adult
as an exclusive food. His bones are
already formed, and therefore he needs
only just enough mineral elements to
restore waste of bone. Hut the young
have their bones to make, and this ex
cess of mineral matter U just what is
needed for the purpose. Then milk is
highly nitrogenous, containing an abun
dance of material for constructing
muscular aud other tissue. This makes
it act on the kidneys cf the adult too
strongly, taxing them to throw off tho
excess of nitrogen, only just enough to
restore waste being required, while
this nitrogenous material in abundance
is just what children and the young of
animals need, as they are building the :
whole system and must have these ni
trogenous elements out of which to
build it. Milk u, therefore, a perfect
food for young animals and children,
as it contains in the right proportions
all tho elements needed to promote
their growth and development. But for
old people milk is far from being per
fect food, containing, as it does, both
the mineral and nitrogenous elements'
in excess. For adults who are under
going considerable exercise, and there
fore requiring tj reolace a large amount
of waste tissue, milk is better adapted
than for the aged. Still, for the adults
who may use up tho nitrogenous por
tion through physical exercise there is
an excess of bone-making material, as
the waste of bone is but slight com
pared with both the waste and growth
of bone in the young. To sum up,
then, milk is a perfect food for the
growing yountj, but needs to be sup-
piemented with other more car bona-!
ceous aud less mineral foods for the
ftiult, and is quite illy adapted to peo-
plo of sedentary habits or much ad
vanced in age, a tho excess of nitron
gen, more than the large percentage of
water it contains, overtaxes the kid
neys. The aged should, therefore,
take milk sparingly, which is the exact
reverse of what the young should dp,
Marriage-Matle Men.
"Let him marry, then. was the
criisiy reply of an old bacnelor, on be
ing told that a friend had gone blind,
'let him marry, and if that doesn't open
his eyes, then his caso is indeed hope
less." The sneer has been confuted by the
experience of scores of blind scholars,
whoao wives have been eyes to them.
Huber, the great authority on bees,
was blind from his seventeenth year,
and conducted the observations which
gavo him tho facts for . his studies
through the eyes of his wife. He de
clared that he should be miserable
were he to regain his eyesight, adding,
"I should not know to what extent a
1erson in my situation could be beloved ;
esidcs my wife is always young, fresh
and pretty, which is no light matter.
Blind lieury Fawcett became pro
fessor of political economy at Cam
bridge, an effective debater in Parlia
ment, and a most successful Postmas
ter General, by using tho eyes of his
cultured wife.
The crusty old bachelor's sneer falls
ilat, when it encounters such wives as
these and they are but two out of tho
many who have mado their husbands
men of good repute.
Sir Samuel llomilly, tho leading
lawyer and law-reformer of lus day,
illustrated tho experience of successful
men when he said that nothing had
more profited him in his public life
than the observations and opinions of
his wife.
The biographer of Sir William Ham
ilton, commenting upon the helpfulness
of Lady Hamilton, says: "The number
of pages in her handwriting still pre
served is perfectly marvelous."
When he was elected professor of
logic and metaphysics in the University
of Edinburgh, he had no lectures in
stock. He began at once to writo them,
but though he worked rapidly, and far
into tho night, ho was often only a few
hours in advance of his class.
Lady Hamilton sat up night after
night to write out a fair copy of the
lectures from the ronghly written pages
he had scrawled in the adjoining room.
He would take her legible sheets and
read them that morning to the students,
who knew not that their professor's
success was due to his being a marriage
made man. When paralysis, brought
him, she became even more helpful,
and by her assistance he was enabled
to perform his professional duties until
death removed him from the chair.
1'a'is Mt thoi or Street Transportation.
A system of transfer from one line of
'buses to another is a feature of the
Parisian method of street transporta
tion. A person wishing to travel by
'bus to any given point may not find a
line of 'buses going his way. He then
takes a lino which crosses somo line
which in turn crosses another line
which goes to the neighborhood which
he wishes to reach. For a single faro
he can transfer himself from one lino
to another until he reaches his destina
tion. Wherever these lines, whioh
work together under what the Paris
ians call the correspondence system,
cross each other, there is an omnibus
station.
When a passenger wishes a transfer
ho goes into the station and receives a
check bearing a number. When , tho
'bus w hich he desires to take comes up,
an official calls out as many numbers as
there are vacant seats in the vehicle.
lue numoers wmcn ne cans are always
those in tho. hands of tho passengers
who have waited the longest at the sta
tion. New comers have no chance un
til those who have taken advantage of
the correspondence system are all
served. An American friend of mine
could not for some little time under
stand this system. "Why,' said he,
"whenever you go to ono of these 'bus
stations and try to got on, they have a
kind of n lottery, aud call off numbers.
If you strike tho combination you get n
iide; otherwise you stop ou tho curb."