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"ETEBNAL VIGILANCK IS THE I'ltlCE OF LIUEHT Y." THoiuuh JefforHon,
VOLUME 31, NO. 16.
CADIZ, OHIO, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 17, 1861.
TE11HS-S2 PER ANNUM.
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I
'1
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4 S3
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Jtlu . (Cadis f'tnlinrl.
'keconsthuction.
Men Wade and II. Winter Davi
Protest Against lite Usurpation
of Abe Uncolii IIH Tyranny
and Trencuery Oeiiounced
Scathing Kevlew or Abe's Po
ultion by Abolition Leaders.
'Jo the Supporter of the Government :
We have read with surprise, but not with
out indignation, the Proclamation of the
President of the 8th of July, 1M14.
The su porters of the Administration are
responsible to the country for its condnot:
ami it is their right and duty to cheek the
encroachments of the Executive on the au
tluirity of Congress, : and .to require it to
confine itself to its projior sphere.
It is impossible to pass ii) silence this
Proclamation without neglecting that duty;
and, having taken as much responsibility
as any others in supporting the Administra
tion, wo are not disposed to fail in the other
duty of assorting the rights of Congress.
The. President did not sign the hill "to
fiiar'antee to certain States, whose Govern
j'lents have been usurped, a republican form
of gomnment' -p'assedby the wtpportcrs
'of his administration in both Houses of
Congress alter niutuip deliberation.
The bill did not therefore become a hie
, and it is therefore iiuthinrj. . ...
) The I'rocliiinaticin is neither an approval
nor a veto of the hill : it w tlierofore a don
itiuent unknown to the laws and Constitu
tion of the. United States, .'..,.-,
,. So far'asit contains an npoloyj for npt
'(igniiig the bill, it is fi political manifesto
against the friends uf the Government.
. So tar us it proposes to execute the bill,
which is not a law, is a grave Executive
usurpation. : ;
1 1 is fitting that the facts mvtv-sary to en
able the friends of the Administration to
nmreciiitu the apology and the usurpation
be upread before thcin. , ,.;,,
The Proclamation say: . '
' ''And whereas the said hill was presented
' to. the President- of the Cnited States for
Ids apnroval less than oho hour before the
sine (lit; adjournment of said session, and
was not signed by him "
If that be accurate, still this bill was pre
sented with other" bills which were signed.
Within that hour, the time for the fine
die adjournment was three times postponed
by the votes of both Houses; and the least
intimation of adesiro for more time by the
President to consider this bill would have
secured a furt her -postponement.
Vet the committee sent to ascertain if the
President had any further communication
for the House of Representatives reported
tlwit lie had none and the friends of the
hill, who had anxiously waited on him to
ascertain it fate, had already been inhum
ed that the President had resolved not to
fign it. '' ' ' ' "
' The time of presentation, therefore, had
nothing to do with his failure to approve it.
The hill had been discussed and consider
ed for more than u moiith iii' the House of
.Representatives, which it passed on the 4th
of May; it was reported to the Senate on
the 27th of May without material amend
ment, and passed the Senate absolutely as it
came from the I louse on thcAl of July.
... Ignorance of its contents is out of the
question.
Indeed, at his request, a draft of a bill
. substantially the same iu all material points,
and identical in the points objected to by the
Proclamation, had been laid before him for
consideration in the winter. of lSf2-3.
There is. therefore, no reason to suppose
the provisions of the bill took the President
by surprise. . ' "', '; '
' Oil t be contrary, we have reason to be
lieve them to have been so Well known that
this method uf preventing the bill from be
coming a law without the constitutional re
sponsibility of a veto, had been resolved on
lone before the bill passed the Semite.
Ve are' informed by a gentlemen entitled
. to entire confidence, that before' the .22d of
, I ime in New Orleans it was stated, by a
member of Gen. Banks' staff, in the pre
sence of other gentlemen in official position,
tin t Senator Doolittlc had written a letter
to the department that the House Recon
st! notion hill would be staved off in the Scn
; ale to a period too late in the session to rq
ouire the President to veto it in order to de
feat it. and that Mr. Lincoln would retain
flic bill, if necessary, and thereby defeat it.
' The experience of Senator Wade, in his
various efforts to get the bill considered in
the Senate,, was. quite ill' accordance with
that plan ; and the fate of the hill wasac
c, irately predicted by letters received from
New Orleans before it had passed the Sen
ate. ....... ' . . . ; t
Ibid the Proclamation stooped there', it
would have been only oiC other defeat of
the will at ttio people by an J'.xooutivo per-
. version of the Constitution.
. Hub it goes further. : The President says:
"And whereas, the ' said bill 'contains,
among other things, a plan 'for restoring the
Statcs.in rebellion to . their proper practical
position in the Unioii, which plan expresses
the sense of Congress on that subject, and
which plan it is now thought fit to lay be
fore the people for their consideration "
' Jiv what authority of the Constitution?
to what; forms?; The' 'result, -,6 be declared
"by whom? . With'vhat effect ,'wheir.u.sccr-
.itained? ' ' '... ;
: Is it to bo a law by the -approval, of the
people without the aproval of Congress at
the will of the President? -'" :. "
'. Will the President, on liis.opinion of the
, pojiularapproval, execute it. as' a law? .
Or is tins merely a device to tfvoid ho
serious responsibility of defeating a lav on
-which so many loyal hearts reposed for se
curity? - ' , -1 ' "
' Bijt tho reasons now assigned for not ap
proving the, bill arc full of otninoiu signili
canije...' ' . ..
i. . The President proceeds :
' Now. thefVire,.!,' Abraham Lincoln, Pich
ident of the United States, do pioclaim,
deelai-o and make kiiQwn, that, while i am
(as I was in December last, when by procla
mation I nroixmndod a plan for restoration)
unprepared, by a formal approval of the
hill, to he inflexibly committed to any single
nail of restoration
I hat ib to say, tne rresmentr' is rosoivoa
that the peo)de shall not by Into take any tie
.curity. from tho rebel States., against a re
newal of the rebellion, before restoring their
power to govern us. ii ':.-
. Ilia wisdom and prudence are to be-our
sufficient pitavantees I ' ; -; - -.
' Ho furtlier sftysv niss n i ,
'- .'-',And,',wlilo I am also uilprepared M de
clare that the Freo-S.tatic Constitutiojis and
( ioveriuueuts already adopted and installed
in Arkansas and Louisiana shall b set aside
and hold for naught, thereby repelling and (lis
eotiwghig tholoyftl citizens who hava..Mt up
the same as to further effort" . . . j.
, ,That is to say, the President persists in
recognizing those shadows, uf government!
in Arkansas and Louisiana, 'which Congress
formally declared should not bo reoogiiiyed.
whote Rciucsentat vesaud Scnatoiii were
repelled by forund votes of both Houses of
Congress whtch it was declared formally
should haA-e no electoral vote for President
and Vice President. ; :
They are the mere creature of his will.
They cannot live a day without his support,
They are mere oligarchies, imposed on the
people by military orders under the forms of
election, at which generals, provost juar
shals, soldiers and camp-followers were the
thief actors, assisted by ahaudful of residuut
citizens, and urged on to premature action
by private letters from the President. ,
in neither Louisiana nor Arkansas, be
fore Bank's defeat, did the United States
control half the territory or half the popula
tion.' Iu Louisiana, Gen. Bank's proclama
tion candidly declared: '"The ftmdumcu
tulltw of the State it martial law." . -
On that foundation of freedom, he erect
ed what tha President calls "the free Con
stitution and Government of Louisiana. 'r
But of this State, whose fundamental law
was martial law, only sixteen parities out of
forty-eight parishes were hold by the Unit
ed States; and in five of the sLsieeu we held
only .our camps. ; . T ' ' '
The eleveufiirisb.ea we substantially Icld
hjid 2fSS,ll& Aliabitunts,; the residue of the
State not held by us, 575,018. , , :
At the farco called an election, tho cilice! 8
pf Gen, Banks retmued that U, WO ballots
were cast, but whether any or by whom tho
people of the United States lufve no legal as
surance; but it is probable that 4,000 were
.east, by soldiers or employees of the United
Suites military or municipal, but none ac
cording to any law, State or National, and
7,000 ballots represents the State of Louisi
ana. ;
Such is the free Constitution and Govern
ment of Louisiana ; and like it is that of'Ar
kanias Nothing but the .failure of a milita
ry expedition deprived us of a like one in
the swamp of Florida; and before the Presi
dential election, like ones may bo organized
in every rebel State where the United States
have a camp. ( i . ., . ; ,
Tho President, by preventing this bill
from becoming a law, holds the electoral
votes of the rebel States at the dictation of
his personal ambition. ,
If those votes turn the balance in his favor,-
is it to be supposed that his competi
tor, defeated by such means, will acqui
esce? .. . . -
If the rebel majority assert their supre
macy in those. States, and send votes which
elect an enemy of the Government, will wo
not. repel his claims? . ,
And is not that civil war for tho Presiden
cy, inaugurated by the votes of the rebel
States? .' . . .: ,
Seriously impressed with these dangers,
Congress, "the proper amslUulimiul aiithhtv
ty, formally declared that thue are no
State Government in the rebel States, and
provided fin- their erection at the proper
time; and both the Senate and the House of
iieiiroiciitativi'S veiecteu the Senators and
Representatives chosen under authoiityof
what the President cails the I'ree Constitu
tion and Government of Arkansas.
The President's Proclamation "hahhfirr
tatit;ht'' this judgment, and discards the au
thority of toe Supreme Lourt, anu strides
hcadloiiir toward the anarchy his Proclama
tion uf the 8th of December inauguiat
cd. If electors for President be allowed to be
chosen in either of 'those States, a sinister
liiilit will be east on the motives whieh indu
ced the President to '"hold for naught" tho
will of Congress rather than Ins uovein
ment in Louisiana and Arkansas.
That judgment of Congress whieh the
President defies was the exercise of an au
thority exelusevcly vested in Congress by
the Constitution to determine what is the
established Government in a State, and in
its own nature and by the highest judicial
authority binding on .all other departments
of the Government.
The Supreme Court has formally declared
that under the 4th section of the 1 Yth arti
cle of tho Constitution, requiring the Unit
ed States lo guarantee to every State a re
publican fonn of Government, "(V n-it.i with
Ctmyrt-ss tti '?'('' ulittt (iiirci nmtut in the
fxtublishiil ic in a tstutji;'' 'in id. "irtai
SftKtltirn titttl eprmnitt(ticK of a Shite arc,
iili-Mittitl iiilD tho councils of the Union, the
iiitllttin'ty uf the, ' Gtntruineut Wider v hicli
they are tqijointcd, as well as its republican
character, is rtrtitpikid by the, proper cunsti
ttititmtd aitthtrrity, mid its decision in bind
ing mi every othtr department of the Govern
ment, and could not tie questioned in a judi
cial tribunal. It is true that the contest in
this ease did not last, long enough to bring
the matter to this issue; and, as no Sena
tors or Representatives were elected under
ihe iuithorrty of the Government uf which
Mr.' Dorr -was the head, (.'oust ess was not
called upon-to decide the controversy; Yet
the tight to decide is placed there."
Even tho Presidents' proclamation of the
Hth of December,, formally declares that
'"Whether members sent to Congress from
any State shall be admitted to seats,: ennsti-.
tutimiiifly rest.M exclusively, with the respec-:
:five -Houses, and not to any extent with the
fedo.utive.?'1' ' ' i ; ' i ' ; ;!
' Arid'tbnt is'not the less fine because whol
ly inconsistent with the President's astnnip
t'iiin in that proeliitiilitien 'ol't Vight to in
stitute and roeogiiifcri State Governments in
the rebel States; hor because the President
is uhfibjc to precoiVg that his recognition is
a nullity if it 'W not conclusively on Con
gress. '" "' "' ' '' ' ':'' ' ;
'. Under the Constitution, the right to Sen
ators and llepryseiitjitivoH in inseparable
form a State Government.
If there be a State Government, the right
is absolute. ' .' :1:
If there bo no State'. Government, 'there
can be no Senators or llppref-cntativcs cho
sen.' .7 '.'
-i The tw6 Houses of CoiigresH are expressly'
declared to be' tlio sole judges of their own
members. ' ': ' : "' -
When, therefore, Senators and Represen
tnt'rvcs lire admitted, tho State Govcmmcut,
under whose authority they were chosen, is
conclusively established; when they are re
jected; its existence is as conclusively rejected
and denied ; nrrd to'this judgment the Pros
idcntiis bound to submit. : .
'I he President proceeds to express his uu
willinpnoss "to declare a cowtitutioual com
petency in Congress to abolish, slavery in
States" as another reasou for not signing
the bill. ' . ' v: '
But the bill nowhere proposes to abolish
Slavery in States, s -.(, !:.;
The bill did provide that all drives in the
rebel. States should be vunivvtitted. . t
But as the President had already signed
three bills mauuirittuig several clusses of
slaves in States, it is; not conoeived possible
thatie entertained ny scruples touching
Qwi provision of the bill .fcsj.'octiiig which
heisailuntO . ;.i t -rv
Ho had already himsolf aswinied a" right
by proclamation 'to'-f res uineli- the larger
mimber of :slav('s(i.the rebel States, under
die 'authority- givwlhinl by Congress to use
military;, power Jo nuppresw th? Tk'fyelllon ;;
and it is quite -iiicenceivahle that, the.l'resi
derlt -should IhihkgCongrcst&uoid vt'in
him if discretion it could not exercise itself.
It is the more unintelligible from the fhot
that except in respect to a ismall part of Vir
ginia and Louisiana, the bill covered only
what the. proclamation covered added a
Congressional title and judicial remedies by
law to the disputed title under the proclama-,
tion, and perfected the wo;k the President
professed to be so anxious to accomplish.
Slavery as an institution can be abolished
only by a change of the Constitution of the
United States or of the law of the State ; and
this is the principle of the bill.
It required tlio new Constitution of the
State to provide for that prohibition ; aud
the President, in the face of his own procla
mation, does not venture to object to insist
ing on that condition. , Nor will the country
tolerate its abandonment yet he defeated
the only provision imposing it! ! :
But when he describes himself, in spite of
this great blow at emancipation, as "'sin
cerely liopiirg and expecting that a constitu
tional amenilmeiitabolishing slavery through
out the nation may be adopted,' ' we curiously
inuuire on' what his expectation rests, after
the vote of the House of Representatives at
the recent fession, ami iu.the face of the po
litical complexion , of more than enough of
the States to prevent the possibility of its a
doption within any reasonable time ; and
why ; he did not indulge his sincere hopes
with so large an installment of the blessing
as his approval of the bill would have secu
red. After this 'assignment of his reasons for
preventing the bill faoiu becoming a law, the
President proceeds to declare his purpose to
etecule it us a luw by his phitury dktuturiid
liutrcr. . .. u. ,
lie says :
'"Noveithclesfs, I inn fully satisfied with
the system for restoration contained in the
biil as one veiy proper plan lor the -loyal
people of any Stale choosing to adopt it ;
and that I am, and at all. times shall be, pre
pared to give the Executive aid and assist
ance to any such people so soon as the milita
ry resistance to the United States shall have
been suppressed in any such State, and the
people thereof shall have sufficiently relum
ed to their obedience to the Constitution and
the laws of the United Slates; in which ca
pes Military Governors will be appointed,
with directions to proceed uccoiding to the
bill." - ,
A more studied outrage on the legislative
authority of the people has never beeu per
petrated. ...
Congress passed a bill : the President re
fused to approve it, and then by proclama
tion puts as much of it in force as lie sees
fit, and proposes to execute those .parte by
(jfiieers unknown to the laws of the United
States and not subject to the continuation of
the Senate!
The bill directed thq appointment of Pi
visional Governors by and with the advkc
and coment of the Senate. ....
The President, after d featjng .tfo.lirw;
proposes to appoint without law, and; with
out the advice and o nsent of theiSenate,
Mili'tui Goveii.oi's for the robojtbfifias !
He has already exercised thSf dietjttoiial
usurpation iu Louisiana, and ho defeated the
bill to prevent its limitation,
Henceforth we must regard the following
precedent as 'the Presidential law of ?the
Rebel States : . ,
"Exettivk Mansion', )
"Washington, March 15, 1804. j
"Jlis J'lcedteitey Michael Jlaltn,
Governor of fjuuisitnta :
" Until furher orders, you are hereby in
vested with the powers exercised hitherto
by the Military Governor of Louisiana.
'.'Yours, .AuiiAiiAM Lincoln."
This Michael Ilahu is no officer of the U
nited States; the President, without law,
without the advice and consent of the Sen
ate, by a private note notevtu countersigned
by the Secretary of State, makes him Dic
tator of Louisiana !
The bill piovidcd for the. civil administra
tion of the laws of the State till it should
be in a fit temper to govern itself1 repealing
all laws recognizing Slavery, and, making all
men equal before the law.
These beneficient provisions the, President
has annulled. Peopje will die, and marry
and transfer propertiindbuy and sell ; and
to these acts of civil life courts and officers,
of I bo law are necessary. Congress legisla
ted for these necessary things, aud the Pres
ident deprives them of the protection of the
lawj . .
The President's purpose to instinct his
Military Governors "to proceed according
to the bill " a makeshift to calm the disap
pointment its defeat has occasioned is not
merely a grave usurpation but a transparent
delusion. . . : .
Ho cannot " proceed according to the bill "
alter preventing it from becoming a law.
Whatever is done will be at his will and
pliasuro, by persons, responsible to no law,
and more interested to secure, the interests
and execute, the will of the President than, of
the people ; and the will of .Congress is to
bo "held, for itttittji'it." "unless tho loyal
people of the- rebel States choose to adopt
it.'- - - -
Tf they should graciously prefer the. striu
gei)t bid to the easy proclamation, still the
registration will bo ; made under no !ga!
sanction; it will give no assurance that a
majority of the poop' of. the States have ta
ken tin-oath ; if administered, it will be with
out legal authority, and void ; no indict meat
will lie for false swearing at the election, or
for admitting bad or rejecting good votes ;
it, will be the faroe of Louisiana and Arkan
sas acted over again, under the forms, of
this bill, but not by authority of law.
But when we come to. tho. guarantees of
future iieace which Congress .meant to en
act, the forms, as well as tho- substance of
the lull, must yield to the President s will
that wme shold bo . ..
, , It A'as tho siJ-umn resolve of Congress,,, to
protect the loyal men of the nation against
three great dangers, ( I), (he return to power
ill' the guilty leaders of the rebellion, (2)
the continuance of slavery, and (3) the bui
den of . the rebel debt.: ; :, ,-. ... ,
Connress mritirid assent to tnoae provis
ion by the Convention-of the State ; and if
relused, it was to I o dissolved.
! The President "holds , for naught" that
resolve or Congress, because lie is unwilling
"to be inflexibly committed to Miy one nlau
.of restoration,'' and the people of . he Uni
ted States are not to be allowed to protect
themselves unless their enemies a (tree to it.
The order to proceed according to the
In is therefore merely at the wiU ot the
rebel States ; and they have the option to
reject it, accept tho proclamation of the 8th
of1 December, and demand, the l'lesideiis'ts
lK'copintion 1 . '
. ! Mark the contrast ! Tho bill requires a
maioritv. tho proclamation is satisfied with
one-tenth; the bill requires one oath, the
proclamation another; the bill ascertains vo
ters hv voL'isterine. the lirocluniatioii bv
guess ; the bill exacts adheiouce tp existing
'territorial limits, tfie nr.ocltiumt.iou Hdniite ot
others ;,the bill gvern. the rebel States ly
((nn):equahauig Rll.petoreit, the protiiiiriation
commits thoniito, tho, lawless disci oticm of
militurv G overnors mid 1 'rovost M archals;
the biJUforhids olcotorr,for President, the
proclamation and defeat of the bill threaten
us wit)' civil, war fiwtlo admit ion or exelu
sionof such votes; the Lill exacted exclusion
of dangerouM eneiuiea i'roni. power and tho
relief of the nation from tho rebel debt, and
, tho prohibition ot slavery forever, lo that
tln snunressioii of the Rebellion will double
our resources to liear or pay the national
debt, free the mashes from the old domina
tion of the relel leaders, aud eradicate the
cause of the war; the proclamation secures
neither' of thesie guaranties.
It is silent respecting the rebel debt and
the poltical exclusion af relxd leaders, leav
ing Slavery exactly, where it was by law ct
the outbreak of .the rebellion, and adds no
guaranty even of the freedom of the slaves
he undertook to mauuuiit.
. It is summed no in an illegal oath, withr
out a sanction, ami therefore void.
. The oath is to support all proclamations
of the President during the rebellion having
reference to slaves.. . . . ' ' ' i
Any Governmciif is to be accepted at the
hands of one-tenth of the people not coii
t ravening that,outh.' - "' .
Now that oath neither secures the aboli
tion of "sliiVerv, nor adds any security to the
freedom of the slaves, the President declar
ed free. ' ' ' - -'-- ; . ' '
It does not secure .the abolition of slavery;
for the prWc!ai.mitioii-of freedom merely 'pro
tested to free certain slaves while it recogni
zed thd institution.'"
Even' t'onVfitntfon of the rebel States at
the outlreakof theJ-ebellion iiiay be1 adopt
ed without. the change of letter:, lor none of
theui contravene that proclamation; none of
them establish slaveiy.
: It adds no -security to the freedom of the
s'avis. , ' . ' ,
For their title is' the Proclamation of
Freedom. - " ' : ' . ' '
. "If it ho'nnconstftntiotjdl, an oath to sup
port it is void. Whether constitutional or
not, the -oath is without authority of law,
and ''therefore void. " ' '
If it bo Valid and' observed, jt exacts no
enact went by the, State either in law, Or Constitution,'-to
acid .'a "'State gitaianty to the
Tune lima
jlamahon title; and the right oi a stave
to freedom is an open question iieioie me
State courts on the relative authority of the
Slate law and the Proclamation.
If the oath binds the one-tenth who fake
it, it is not exacted; of the other iiine-teiabs
who snceced t tlifc control of the State Gov
ernment; so that '& annulled instantly by
the act of recognition.
What the State courts would say of the
Proclamation,' wlti can doubt?
But the master woidd not go into court
he would seize Ids' slave. ; "
What thd Supreme Court would say, who
caittell? -' ' ' '
When and how is the question to get
there? ' .f 11 . .
No habeas corpus lies for him in a United
Stiffen Court: and the President defeated
with this bill its extension of that writ to
this case. . .f -
' Such are the frtiits of this rash and fatal
act of the President a blow at the friends
of his Administration, at the rights of hu
manity, and at the principles of republican
(.'oveiniiienr.
The President has irrcatlv 1'resuiucd on
the forbearance which the sup-porters of his
Administration have so long practiced, in
view of the arduous conflict in whieh we are
engaged, a&d. tl.fe.rklessferecity of our po
litical opponcnte.
But he must understand that our support
is of a cause and not of a man ; that the au
thority of Congress is paramount and must
be respected ; that the whole body of the U
nion men of Comrress will not submit to be
iniiieaehed bv him of rash and uneonstitu-
tiooally legislation; and if he wishes our
iuppert, he must confine himself to his exe
cutive duties-r-to obey and execute, not
make the laws to suppress by anus armed
Rebellion, and leave political reorganization
to l.ongiess.
If the supporters of the Government fail
to insist on this, they become responsible for
the usurpations which they fail to rebuke,
and arc justly liable to the indignation of the
people whose rights and security, committed
lo their keeping, they sacrifice.
Let thorn consider tho remedy for these
usurpations, and, having found it, fearlessly
executed it. '
B. V. Wade, Chairman Senate Com
mittee. Ii. WiNTKtt Davis, Chairman Com
mittee House of Representatives
' en the Rebellious States.
llassaciiuKHlN ISny iiciv Negroes at
$2 -JO per Ueail
At, a mectinir of the Kings County Board
of Supervisors, held Satuiday, Supervisor
Kirov read the lollowing:
Hinsdale, Mass. , 1SC4.
FiaiicixKiihy, E?q.:
Dkah Sir Being on a visit to this place,
I fiiid the people filling up their coming
miola for the next call of men by going to
Fortress MenroC and buying negroes. The
town of Pitt,-ficld, on Monday, bought, 150
at the small sum of $240 apiece, which is
less than our country is now paying tor sub
stitutes. J think you would like to know of
such a fact, and perhaps you do know it, is
the reason i diop you this line in haste.
lours, &c.,
JAMES MATHEWS.
Massachusetts has gone into Iter origiou
a! business. Her ships brought nearly all
the nigger slaVes from Africa to this coun
try, e. She was tho great foreign African
slave trader. Whcii "the Federal Constitu
tion was adopted, in 1787, Virginia desired
the foreign slave tiade to be. absolutely pro
hibited in it. Massachusetts and, other New
England States objected. They declared it
would l e ruinous to their commerce; lliou
largely 'engaged in the African slave ti ado.
To pii-asn Jdttssaehuxotte n clause was put
in the Constitution prohibiting Congress
from prohibiting the AlVicau slave trade for
twenty years, and after that leaving it dis
cretionary -with- Congress whether it should
be pei mitred or not. After Massachusetts
had supplied the country with negroes from
Africa, she turned .Abolitionist and wanted
to steal the negroes from the very men she
sold them to. Now, siltfc tho.war has been
the result of tho Abolition movement, she
has returned to her first love of buying ne
groes. Cin.J'jtiq. . i ' !
Mu. Lincoln Rhokivino a "Scotch
Cloak," The following is a copy of the
correspondence between Mr. Lincoln and an
old hulv, who sent him a plaid or "Scotch
cloak.'' Her "lord" tho President, gives
lieu a very kind note in return for about $5.0
worth of plaid: ?(.
TvDiNMT&mi, July 0, lsi'4.
My LoitnPitKsmKNxr As one deeply in
terested in your present struggle, I trust the
Loidwill tless all your endeavors for the
peace of your- country aiid the freedom of'
the slave. As this letter is written by un old
lady of P), f-hhopes' you!vi)l overlook all
its 'imperfections, and, with good wishes for
you and your family.' "M
ANNE WILLIAMSON."
' 1 ThO following is tho Presidents' reply : ' "
' Exki'ltim: Mansion, Washington )
July-au, 1S04. t
, -Mrs, Asnk Williamson Madam: The
plaid you send me is just now placed iu my
hands. , , I , tliank you for that pretty and
useful present, but still iliorc. for those gooi
wishes to iny(sclf and our country : whieli
prompted you to present it Your obedl
; cut servant, A. LINCOLN.
From the l'liiladtlihin Aye.
The Xew Yankee Cook IiooU.
It is beginning to be a grave question
with the mass of the people, not what. they
shall oat, but. whether they shall cat at all.
Those ot our population who have not been j
given to the grave or the hospital, in the j
proecution of this Abolition warfare lctlj
at home to contend with the wolf, which
hangs about the poor man's doer to face
the spectacle, as horrible as carnage, of star
ved wivis and ragged children, clamorous
for the b;ead which there is no money to
buy. Ot the tlu.u.-ands of millions which
this war ha.-! cost, and for which the laborer
is tiii.'d,' not a i eimy finds its way into his
locket. New England contractors and
manufacturers daily grow inordinately rich
on the price of Mood, and the mass of the
people who work for their bread, hour by
hour, grow poorer and still more poor,
inaichiiig steadily downward irom common
poverty: to downright, beggary, and from
beggary 'straightway to starvation. The
Will st has not yet come, but it iii fast com.
Four years ago every household in the
laud was Heeded with Abolition tracts, de
monstrating that slavery iu the South oper
ated to degrade labir and to keep down the
wages -of the five workingr.ien of the North.
Many a poor man whose liunily sat around
a well-spread board, whose wages sufficed
not merely to support them in comfort and
to dress them with neatness, but yielded a
surplus to be laid by tbraViiny d:y, was se
duced by those lying" appeals to his missions
aud his pride to vote for Abraham Lincoln,
lie has now had nearly four years Of that
glorious and miileniid rule which the Aboli
tionists pictured out for him in their cam
paign documents. If he has been fortunate
eno'ticli to escape the fangs of conscription,
if he has not bled and rotted like his broth
er er fon, on some fruitless battle-field of
the South, if his wife is not jet a helpless
widow and his children orphaned beggars,
if he has been respited from these horrors
until another call for troops summons him
to the bloody shambles of Abolition he
has been reserved for a fate not much bet
ter. '
it is a fact that even the bold mendacity
of tho Abolitionists dare not deny, that the
means of living, of purchasing the common
est neee; saries of life, (its smallest luxuries
are not out of (hequestion,) are fast getting
out of the reach of the man who earns his
bread by tho sweat of his brow. Butter has
been given up by the poor man long ago.
Butcher's meat, with tho exception of the
pieces which in 'Democratic days were fed to
dogs aud cats, has become a luxury hope
lessly out of his reach. Ten and coffee are
practically as far beyond the capacity of his
purse as Champane or Johaniiisburg. The
nine that seliced his intervals of vest must
bo put away. The time is at hand when he
must either feed like a beast n the offal of
the markets or not at a'l. His wages, it is
true, have nominally advanced, but he is
paid in depreciated paper, not worth forty
cents on the dollar, and the miserable rags
whieh ate counted out to him are the only
cheap tilings he ever sees. Well may he
cry out. in his distress,
Oh God! that Pread should be so dear
A nd l'.esh and blood so cheap !
This state of things is truly alarming.
The sufferings and cries of some nations
may be stifled by the bayonet a geneuttion
reared from infancy on enuti may pa
tiently eat crusts to old age but a people
like ours, habituated to the comfoj ts of life,
fed in plenty on its meats and fruits, can
not be trained to starve in decent submis
sion, or to die beggars in loyal felicity. The
muttering that are to be heard now in eve
ry workshop and on every street, corner tor
bode a stoim which is assuredly coming
anil which can not be long delayed. God
help the heads on whieh the lightnings
break!
The Yankees are not, unmindful of this
state of tbingSj nor forgetful of the filet
that we are indebted to them for -its exisi
tenee. They have made a good thing of
this war. Ihe treasures of all the rest of
the land have .poured into their yawning
pockets. They have dene their fighting
chiefly hydroxy, and under pretense of ele
vating the black are represented in the field
to-day by hordes of miserable negroes, kid
napped from plantations of. the border
States and marched off to be butchered for
the "Sons of the Pilgrims. They are
hounding on the war because it pays them
in money and costs thorn nothing in blood.
They are richer, better fed and more inde
pendent than at any pel iod since the May
flower spilled its load of nialignaiits 'upon
P.ymouih Rock.
But this crafty people are wise enough to
so" that the geneial distress among the poor
w hich is becoming more manifest every day,
bodes them no good.. It may culminate in
in revolution which mnjltt result in their
fatal and ignominous expulsion from a Un
ion which "they now.fnd .-o p;ofitable. At
any rate, if not alleviated or.-ubdued, this
distress may. by the Moree and detoimiiied
union of the masses, stop the war, whieh
would be. to New England a stoppage of, the
sluices of the River of Lite. ...
Keeogni'iug these alarming facts,, appre
hending this distress, and the dire discon
tent it is breeding, thu Yankees have hit
upon a cheap and most notable plan to dif
fuse general content among the people, aud
to reconcile the" poor man to his cold bones
ami mouldy cheese-parings. This plan we
will ,how proceed, to unfold. Every day
some new scheme appears in the A ankee
,. m,,. r... Civ neik'.ii'r weeds Dilutable and
garbage delicious, ,!,ciirticd philosophers
publish 'statistical tables showing iii 'the
most conclusive manlier, and from' actual ex
periment upon factory children and-their
dailies, that tho cheapest thing are iivan'tt
hi; the httjst irhohsonte and dirjestible, ' and
that the health, aud happiness of the laborer
are precisely ill proportion to the meagcrness
of his dinners. ' This strange --discovery,
whieh slumbered through all that long and
dark period in which the Democratic party
controlled the Government and 'kept the
Union safe, is enforced every day by the
nublishod lucubrations of some fresh phi
losopher who has discovered tho fatten
ing properties, oi jsoiiie new irnguiein oi
It seems that our people, as lately as the
Administration of Buchanan, Wo been
gorging themselves with deadly poisons in
the shape of beef-steaks, butter, eggs and
fowls. These and other fat dimes with
which tho laborer used to regale himself, it
has been demonstrated by the New' England
sages, had a tendency to uitiko him bloated
and pimply, to becloud his brain, disqualify
bim for'work and heat- his blood up 'to a
turbulent, revolutionary point. This diet
which these good men, through their reiire
fentalives in Congress,. have, conipolkd him
h riwirt to. althomrh at first unnalatable.
and perhaps so at last, has a tendency to
corpulence, to thin the secretions, to, 'cool
tho temper and to induce a submissive and
loyal state of mind eminently neeewary jn
theses of high tuxes, quarterly draffs,' and
ibiilv kidiinimiiias. Thus, while the body
f rtm workman. Is kept entirely IVeo from
any adipose incumbrances tho body politic is
at 'the. i.uu!i' time saved li oin fevers, trup-
tjons and convulsions which might rack it
lo pieces.
It would ! laughable, if tho facts which
have inspired the Yankees were not so stern
and gloomy, to watch these miserable shifts
to which they have resorted te reconcile peo
ple to empty bellies. Greeley, gorged with
Champagne and canvas-backs at Delmoni
co's. breaks out after dinner in a most touch
ing exposition of the dangers of eatiug but
ter, and the disorders that lurk in. meat,
startles the readers of the morrow's 'IriLuuc.
A thousand smaller seriblers echo his cry.
One philosopher levels his artillery at eggs,
and another directs a murderous fire at poul
try. Another still, at one tell swoop, lops
vegetables from tVe list of ih'i.Ci eatable.
Our word for it. that nine out o ten of
these varlets cat three enormous meals per
diem, tosay nothing of night suppers, and
that tho dish against which each man spe
cially directs his eloquence, is the very one
of w hich he eats the most.
J laving thus reduced the poor man's bill
of fare until they have left nothing on it fit
for a civilized being te cat, they kindly fur
nished receipts for recipes for sweetening
the contents of swill-bancls, and converting
the sweepings of the market-sta.ls into ap
petizing dishes. : The workiiigmau, who, m
the days of Buchanan, sat down te meat,
coffee,' butter and vegetables, as lie guises at
his bare board and empty plate; instead of
these vulgar substantia!, is now regaled
with a little Boston tract, showing that he
wasbloatng himself in those horrible times
and was little better thau a ravenous beast.
Thus as beggary approaches, the Yankees,
w ho have brought him to it, kindly paint
its bi auties terliiui in rainbow colors, and
having left him nothing to eat, kindly ten
der hint an .admirable sauco for making it
ualutahle. Before iiinnv months are passed,
so rapidity are the limkeeii advancing iu
the discovery of printed panaceas for hun
ger, that we may expect to see artiule.-i like
this cruwding the columns of their news
papers : ; '".'',
From the 'Alio York Tribune, Janurmj
1, 1 so t.
noon nktvs for tub lauokku.
We learn that Doctor W inthrop D'uns
hnnner, an eminent chemist of .W-eatlicrs-field,
lias discovered that dirt the- pure
soil upon which we tread is convertible hv
te a most excellent and wholesome article of
diet. Dr. D. was led to this important dis
covery by the reflection, that the Patngoni
ans and other prosperous and athletic
tribes of savages, make dirt a portion of
their daily banquets, feed their children up
on it. and swallow it in iarge quantities, and
with infinite gusto. This undeniable fact
suggested to the Doctor a proposition equal
ly undeniable, to wit, inasmuch as the vege
table productions upon which wc have been
in the habit of subsisting all spring from
tho soil it.if must contain all the nutricious
elements which find their way into the. plants
which clothe its nurface. ,lu a word, an,
acre of good stiff mud bears the same rela
tion to corn, potatoes, peas and beans, that
a bag of wheat does to a barrel of welbbolt
ed flour. Wheat is not flour, but the flour
contains notbiug which is not in the wheat.
Mud is not corn, nor is it. peas, but. every
thing good lu corn and peas comes out of
the mud.
"The benefits which must accrue to our
working classes from this discovery will be
seen at a glance. Henceforth the laborer
need have no anxiety about, butchers' meat
or aiket money. He can laugh at high
prices. Every cold on which ho treads is a
choice dinner of assorted vegetables.. The
muddy wa.-h'rigs of the gutters will furnish
him with a delectable soup, and should his
stomach crave more solid sustenance he will
fii d it hard by on our meeadiuuized roads.
We learn that Dr. Duushunner has prepar
ed a number of valuable receipts by which
the poor man will be able to lend to his in
expensive and convenient banquets a zest
which the rich often lack over green turtle
and Chainpatio. ,
J'rom ilix, Boston Conenumicealth, January
.14, 1804.
A STRANGE FACT.
This glorious struairle for national exist
ence and negro emancipation in which wc
are now engaged, has taught our people
many priceless lessons, but none more pre
cious than the sinful extravairance in diet in
w hich we indulged in the bloated days of
peace. Eveiy day the researches of philos
ophy develop the nutritive properties of
some substance whieh we used to squander
or despise when pampered and Overfed on
the imwhoh some flesh of animals. Dr. W.
Dunshunner, of Weathersfield, lias proved
l : v ' 1 i' ... -.1' 1.:..
iiimseij .cue oi uio u:uciUucLui oi iiis iucv
by his exposition of the fattening power of
dirt. But be has now found a rival in Prof.
Winslow Perkicjiine, of Harvard, who has
discovered that the fiesh of the -common
grasshopper jumpom ia. .herbit(.t of
modern entomologists) contains 1 15 percent,
of nutriment alare excess overbecfV'imit-
ton, pork and other indigestible garbage of
the stalls. It has long been known that the
Digger Indians, of Caliiornu'., one of the
most comely and intelligent , races if people
.upon the globe, following the uneorrupted
instinct .of nature, make the 'grasshopper
their principal article of diet, and, in the
absence of ail other kinds of food, confine
themselves rigidly to thu flesh of this alert
and nutritive insect. Grass itself is some
times added to their banquets greatly te
their benefit, the acid juices. which ltcon
tains having a tendency to suuluo the some
what rich and iuflamatory state of the blood
produced bv tho constant use of. hopper
meat. Doubtless Prof. Porkinymie is, in
some degree, indebted lo tbe Diggers for
his precious discovery. Wo ' learn that
Professor P. has compounded several rich
soups and bashes by an admixture of prop
er quantities of grasshopper flesh with wa
ter and piilveriv.ed tei, and that they have
been introduced at the "Soldier's Jiest,'' in
Boston, with great success. It hits been
found that half a bowlful of these appetiz
ing dishes suilice to satiate the most rugged
veteran, and many instances stout men nave
gone away appeased with a tea spoonful.
I t is even allowed that, in some -oases the
mere f.dor of these invaluable compounds
has availed to relieve the conscript of his
appetite.
f"With discoveries ikerhes.o every burst
ing upon us the laborer may well bid defi
-. .A I l. ii.i,,i .it.,1 ...ii. iirWli
mux; ui pvvuii mivi ijuui.i. uu w,,,. n,ui-
oat serious privation give all of his earnings
instead of nine-tenths, for the slipper of
the Government and the liberation and sus
tenance of the nohle black. While he is at
his day's labor, his children can with cure
and benefit to themselves secure a hatful of
grasshoppers, and with such a meal before
him and a elass of Pure water to wash it
down, what more can he Wish? God blent
Abraham. Jduroln!" '
And so the world goes on the war bleeds
and hemrnrs us. tmd the 1 ankecB oi iNew
Enehiiid entertain us with editorial st ecifict
for emptiness and raps. We remember, in
out youth,' being vastly diverted witl) the
Rtory of a penurious 1 aiikee, who provided
his horse with n pair of greeu spectacles, and
imposed chopped fhavings mxm. the poor
beast forluiy. This nation is like that, poo
1 beast. All tho good thinjfu of this world
have been stripped from us by the Aloii
tionists, and we are left to munch tin: .Sav
ings for hay. The Yankees who have L'lu.i
dercd us of our substance, kindly tcnS t t
the green spectacles to freshen and bri.-hti.
our dry forage but even their sptOU-i -i
are of the copper-rimmed quality vid
which Moses Primrose, at the fair, in: did
died out of the good Vicar's colt.
Am Embarrassed Adiuiulstr.
The present administration is more "eu;'
barrasted" than any that ever belbrc csi-.:-ed.
. 1 j -."'. .
If you vote against tlitf ab.ditior. '.iu. ;r.
you embarrass the administration.
If you speak lightly of the negiy, j ut.
embarrass the administration.
If you dont attempt to steal a for.ui.j
from the government, you embarrass Ui a
ministration. -
If you don't clieat the soldiers you eai
barrass. the administration. ,
If you suggest that Abe Lincoln and Li-i
party are incompetent to administer the a;
fairs of tho government, and bring th j w,..
to a close, you embarrass the admiuL.:-
tien. '.'.' ' .
If you don't suggest that idea, why, you
embarrass the administration.
If you arc the victim of an abolition f:
ger, as were the : World and Journal !
Commerce, you embarrass the adniiniaU..
tion.
Ii' you aiu'tas per the Inland Telegraph
Company, you embarrass the admistratio.',
If you-.are.in favor of the Constitution
and the Union as it was, you embarrass tUe
admimstraiiouV .
If you don' t believe Abraham ought to
be rejected, you embarrass the adiuhii-tration.
If vou think for yourself you embarra. ;
the administration..
If vou believe in the doctrines laid dow:.
by the framois of the government, you ci
baiTiiss the 'administration.
If youspeak favorably ot former adminis
trations, you embarrass the administ::;; t.
1 If you arc in favor of rights given to ri'
izens under the habeas corpus, you u;', ...
rass the administration-! .
If vou believe in free snoeclt and ii f.
press, you embarrass the administration.-
it you say the War is prose.eui.oa ter.Tir:
purpose of emancipating the negro, iu ;
embarrass the. 'administration,...
If youtippose miscegenation, ymi -f uilj...
rass tho administration.
If you prefer gold to greenbacks, vol.
embarrass the administration.
In fact, everything you do or say tha:
would favor a return to the people of tie:
powr his excellency has usurped, euibar.
rasses the ftdlnitiistration. .
Many disloyal men not having the fear of
Abraham and his biustilos before their eves.
say that the ignonnicot stupidity, shoddy
and cotton contracts, cto.f which environ it,
are really the most serious causes which em
barrass the administration. It is also stated .
confidently, that the Cleveland Convention
has greatly weakened the administration,
and caused it to question its filvorite doc3
.i. i,- . v. v if: . .l- 1 1
nine, uie en vine rigatui icings lo riue iuu
country. '
J- llifttortcol Facts.
When vou hear Abolitionists eharcing (hi;
Rebellion noon Democrats, confront ihcm
with the following truths from History:
I. That there was no symptoms of Rebel
lion in the South, until after the election of
Abraham Lincoln-, who had proclaimed that
this Government could not exist, part tree
and part slave and that he would not be
hound hy a desision ot the Supreme tourt,
if it decided that slaves could tie held in tho
Territories,
1. That President Buchanan, dunug tin
last months of his Administration, wasirov-
etned by the advice of Mr. Seward, known
to tie Lincoln s Secretary, on all niatte
touching the rebellion, " ; "j , .-j
3. That all difficulties would have been
settled by the peace Convention, and Wav
prevented,. if Lincoln, Chase, Chandler, et,
al.. had desired it. . - ' .
4. That if Lincoln had called Congress to
meet on the 20th of May as he could have
June and called for 7.5.000 men sautm' t
nrotect Washiniiton until Coligiess hud act,-
ed there would been no war. Tho Borde:
States would have gone out and the men -who
fired on Sunipter, Would have been pun
ished bv Law.
5. That 'at am time since the war com
menced. Lincoln atid Congress could have
made Peaeo by simply. guaranteeing to the
States their Constitutional Plights,' and can
do so, even now. '
0. That from 1333 te 18f0, the Southern
States had resiiectcd and executed 'every
law' of Congress while large numbers of
citizens iu every Northern State, had re
tieatedlv Rebelled resisted the Broad Seal
of the United States of America,, tore it up.
trampled under their feet, anuassaulted the
officers of the Government. - ."vi..
7. That in ho Southern Stater-except
South Carolinit-rwas there a juajorky of all
the voters who voted for President in 1860,
in favor of Secession : and had the war been
prosecuted solely to enforce the .Laws and
defetirt :,tho" Constitution and put down
armed rebels, it would have elided two years
ago, and there' would not have been now an
armed rebel in any imitate. ,
H. That the. election of Abraham Lincoln
was the immediate cause of this, war and all
is disasters and that his removal through
the ballotboxes will bring immediate
Peace, and restore the- Union.; ,,,- , ,1. . .r V
r' SlKiilfHarit Soldier's Letter."
The following' is 'from'' the late dofitor of
theTunkhanriock Itpitbltct.tiiJn Republican?
sheet: ''! n' ;' :.." .'. .. ...
Nkau Pmt:Hi;RUf Vaa July 3, 1864.
Dexir Wife: A great many wantt'o kuowl.tup
pose, how the lust battle wept,-,, My answer
is, invariably, that Wo have had but one,
and that Commenced ori'J.he fifth day of May
last. The soldiers all -console 'themelva
with the belief that this season will end Uv)
war, and I believe so myself. If we can't
whip them by fall, we nevw ean. The sol
diers will stand, it no louger. They will go
for a new Administration. .'In fact, I have
ehaiigod my Views Considerably front what
they were when I left home, There is too
much nigger in the present Administration,
and too. many lies, published in newspapers.,
1 find if I w'liut to approximate anywhore
near the truth, I have to take it from Dem
ocratic pupcm -- ''' ,'' . ".
Inclosed you will find a silver dollar, (if it
ever reaches you,) which I send to the Ij.ttle
"eliorub," undone which I prize quite high
ly for two reasons: one Is, because they are'
wareo, and the other is because ft is a relio
from tho battle field near Petersburg, and
was onco the property of sonia lteo, s 1
chanced to pick it up shortly after the bat
tle. ; , . . TI. A. TIFFANY1. '
A h Nioii pnrtucT'in afinu'oh India'sthvet
concluded to raise Substitute,- and applied
to a r-tout dnrkey who wns standing tu th
oiiiosit corner, when ho received tlus
ply.-. "Lor bless you, I've got" eight 'hun
dred dollars atUuuie lo luy a wltito -nuur for
myself." . ; ,-; r ' ' " -
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