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THE KALIDA VENTURE. Friday, Api'H 1. 1845. "A government of men and not of proporty Ike rights of man as possessed of reason and af fections the right of tho people to institulo go vernment, and when it becomes destructive of its ends, to alter ond reform it equality against pri vilegehostility to special legislation for tho be nefit or for tho injury of classes tho assertion of the rights of Jabor, which includes most nearly the rights ol nil an extension ot mo triumphs ot humanity even to criminal law freo nnd good schools for tho gonoration that is to tako our places the advancement ot moral relorm, by the increase and ailtusion ol intelligence." JJaneroJt. Dicline of Agricultural Products iij Ohio. Most of our readers will doubtless bo startled at the opinions advanced in tho articles which are fe-publishcd in this paper, from the Ohio Cultiva tor. Nevertheless, tho figures and deductions are, We believe, substantially correct. Every citizon of the State, has whether ho properly realizes it or not a deep interest in nil that re latcs to her agricultural productions. To a soil unsurpassed in fertility, and to the persevering toil of our hardy farmers and not to labor di reeled by science and skill is Ohio indebted for the agricultural pre-cir.incncc sho attained here toforc. Other States, much less favored as re spects soil ond climate, but whoso farmers arc uniting skill with labor, bid fair to outstrip Ohio. If our agriculture is really on tho retrogressive, it is time that it was known and the causes promptly investigated, and tho remedies applied As regards this portion of Ohio, there has been no improvement in fanning, since its settlement. There aro not half a dozen farmers in this and tho adjoining counties, who conduct their busi ness to advantage and profit. Our farmers gene rally aro well satisfied when they obtain from one-third to one-half the crop which their farms, under skilful management, aro capable of produ cing. If the tillers on our richest lands, obtain 15 to 20 bushels of wheat, and 50 to 75 bushels of corn, to tho acre, they boas.t of their good for tune. Our farming friends hereabouts, are good citizens, honorable, upright, industrious men bnt they devote too much of ihcir time to " hunt ing" " trapping" and " fishing," and have too much of a jealousy of what they call " book farm ing," to render their fields profitable to themselves and the State. Wo do not bclievo there is on this continent a soil and climate much better adapted to the growth of wheat, than this of north-western Ohio. If our farmers would only make the science of agricul ture a study, they would, in a very few years, en rich themselves and redeem tho character of the State always provided that they rejected the emissions of the thieving bankers in exchange for their produce. We have now, in Ohio, one of tho best agricul tural papers in tho Union tho Ohio Cultivator, published semi-monthly, at Columbus, Ohio, by Mr. M. B. Batf.iiam, at $1 per annum and there is not a farmer who would not probably udd 25 per cent, to the amount of his production, if he would avail himself of tho practical knowledge whieh he would gain in the course of a year from that work. Moro when wo have more leisure For tlio Knlida Venture. The Rule or Wma Federalism. Tho Lcgisla. luro of Ohio has ended its session, which if I mis take not, in duration, iniquity and infamy hos ex ceeded all that have preceded or that will succeed it for a century to come. As a looker on upon the movements of public men I havo been endea voring to make up my judgment upon the acts of tho whig majority, ond hod noted some matters deserving general reprehension. But ihero are so many and various that I content myself with calling your attention to tho character of their legislation as o whole. I do not object that laws enough have not boon passed. The unprecedent ed amount of special legislation in place of a few general laws demands a prompt change. It is of the quality, and not the quantity, however, that 1 most complain. Tho " act to incorporate the State Bank of Ohio and other Banking companies," is one of tho most high-handed and unblushing attempts, by a venal party, to'pcrpetuato power, everperpctraled. Not demanded by tho people in any shape, it lops away onu of tho most clearly settled principles for which one people ever gavo their voice. I mean Individual Liability. It needs no force of obser vation to understand, that if tho whigs had decla- red to the people, previous to their elections, their intention to do oway with thie provision in Bank ing, they never would have been entrusted with power. The speculator is now left freo and un fettered to prey upon tho People. I would ask thejvhigs of the north west is there any similarity in the features of this Bill and tho principles pro- fessed by Judge Tildcn, Sheffield, Riley or Hay maker when candidates for popular favor? The truth is the tho pcoplo have been betrayed by their servants. But this is but a small evil in the mass of wrongs with which that iniquitous scheme teems. It establishes a State Bank with branches ai well as free banks so called, controlling by o Board of Control the money influence ntono point creating a perfect oneness of action in coercing the popular will. This Board of Control it is ho ped by the whigs will render tho Legislature of the people a moro mochino to cnregistor tho de- crees of the council of tho Banks. Besides State Bonds and Mortgages of private property are provided as a substitute in part for Specie. That this system must produce revulsion and public loss. cannot be doubted ; but it has other objects. Will not the profit to the Banker on State Bonds draw ing interest induce him to use all his forco to per petuate and create Stato debt? and Mortgages on Real estate gives the same unscrupulous class a power over the subsistence of tho individual Mort gagor which they will enlarge into a power over his vote whenever practicable. But a State Bank is in principle the same as a National Bank a corrupt ing connection between the Stato and individuals; a principle fast becoming obsolete as its impolicy becomes apparent to all classes. But Ohio whigs know nothing of improvement; their course is backward. A State Bank is injurious to tho interests of the people No matter. A few ca pitalists will be tho gainers and whig practice has never regarded ths people any further than it could deceive them. The U. S. Constitution gives to Congress the power to "make or alter" the " regulations" re lativo to " tho timo, place and manner of holding elections tor" "representatives." This power is subject to tho action of tho Stato Legislatures in districting their States upon tho apportionment by Congress every tenth year, while not otherwise regulated by a law of tho U. States. But the power to niter such apportionment exists not in the Legislatures of the States, their functions once exercised their control ceases tho power to alter is ceded. Nevertheless tho whig majority havo anew districted the State, though it is a step never before taken, and though in 1842 they fled from their duty because as they contended ten years of injustice would otherwise havo been done them. Two yearsand theso rebuked rcvolutionsts infiingo tho Constitutions to secure party ascend ancy. Is this calculated to mollify tho violence and rancor of party, or was it upon this issue the People entrusted them with power? A law amending tho oct in relation to quo war ranto passed this winter, provides, I believe, for a still further impunity for corporations. Whcrowill this end? What stato of things will it establish? A largo proportion of tho people of Williams and Henry counties remonstrated against tho imposi tion of increased taxes that II. G. Phillips and a few other overgrown speculators might add to their bloated wealth by tho erection of Dsfianco uuu a county site. An immense mnmi-itv . j j monstrated, yet tho Whig Legislature passed tho obnoxious act almost by a party vote every Do. moerat and only two Whigs voting against th( new county project. But what were the people's remonstrances to this whig majority? A single capitalist's wish proved of moro value at Columbus than the remonstrances of thousands of lmnpst fanners. Let this fact bo remembered by tho in dependent voters of tho two mutilated counties. Perhaps tho rago for party judges, prominent this winter had its influence. As a party tho Whigs hnvo ever repudiated tho doctrine of instruction, pledges, and even " decla- rutions for tho public eye." Yet whilo abhorring every meosuro that tends to increased responsibi lity, on the questions of tho Annexation of Texas, tho Naturalization of Foreigncss, etc., they did nothcsilato to possresolutionstocficctand change the votes of Allen and Tappan our Senators in Congress; ready and eager to violato any and every principle if by any means Whig ascendancy could bo consummated. A Registry Law passed both Houses for the Registration of votoia by Township Assessors. I'or all practical purposes other than narrowing 'vffragc our present Laws aro sufficiently stringent. But too many plain honest poor men voto now to suit tho aristocratic genius of whiggery. The adopted citizen, too, must still further bo marked and separated from tho native voter; tho former comes from n land whero tory registration laws aro well understood and theirobjects appreciated. and his votes tell his experience. And conse quently, every means to make his rights of adoption a nullity are taken, by thoso who arc ever harping upon tho obligation of contracts, where a stock jobber or broker runs some risk of refunding his too often ill-gotten gains. But tho bill, oftor al most becoming a law, failed by tho House refu sing to agree to somo amendments of the Senate, and theso men we trust will not be allowed to misrepiesont tho intelligence ond honesty of the Stato again. So it is but a glimpso of what Whiggery designs, if allowed to mature its objects, ono of the measures only heard of after Elec tion. Tho acts which havo been passed in relation to the State Printer, publication of the la ws, &c.,havo consummated the villainy of the malevolent men who havo been sent to Columbus to manifest that party and not tho State ; passion and not reason aro the guiding rules with whig legislators. These laws savor of manliness, but have been preceded by a series of petty annoyances which nobody of high minded men could ever have thought of stoop ing to. Surely the paltry saving which hasbeen the protenco for mutilating and curtailing reports, suppressing documents, ond passing bills without printing and beforo every member could cxamino them was not the motive. It was that to print them would possibly have allowed somo remunera tion to the State Printer! Mcdary has proved on able critic on their littlo nepand dishonesty, and they aro just narrow-minded enough to punish as far as they can a man whoso only crime is capa city and independence. In giving theso opinions of mine, I presumo I stato nothing but what has occurred to yourself and to many of your subscribers and to thousands of both parties in tho Stato, and I will not enumerate any further. But among tho Laws, both gehcral and special, passed during this session, I in vain look for ono which will causo this session to bo remembered for itsbreadth of design or enlighten ment. None such wero passed. Nothing to odd to tho dignity, prosperity or improvement of Ohio in ony particular, but much to crush its people and elevate over them as low and vllo an aristo cracy os ever cursed mankind that of fraudulent ly obtained wealth. Under tho guidance of a remorseless, selfish nnd calculating loader, Alfred Kelloy, great and leading principles for tho protec tion of tho peoplo havo been assaulted if not des troyed, constitutional barriers havo been broken down, and with a unity seldom,cqualled,federalism has striven to wrest power from the people to fasten t upon tho few ond tho undessrving. Our Do mocratic Representatives have toiled to overt tho mutilation of tho Constitution, to prcservo tho in violability of contracts and to shield the people from serfdom to tho money power, but have been alike impotent. The triumphant whig majority, bent upon public plunder, proved impassive to reason, justice and eloquence. Their schemes of fraud and corruption havo been perfected ond must bo repealed. As a minority our party havo been rcfusod nil participation in tho Legislation of this most re- markahlo session, and I can conceivo no mode of dealing with tho impending evil of this Stato Bank, but raising tho banner of opposition to all Banks. We havo now amplo proof that Bankers will accept no privileges compatiblo with tho equal power of the People. Wo must, to preserve power in the proper hands, utterly deny it to those who havo no claim upon it, and who value it only as it affords them facilities for abuse. Wo must refuse all compromise with them ss they have al ready done with us. Repeal, absolute and un. conditional, must bo placed at the head of every Democratic Journal in tho State. This is the on ly platform of sufficient breadth on which we can hope to stand i short of this we can never be sua cessful. Wo must nv.ko the division lines bo- tween us and our opponents plain to tho simplest understanding, and leaving to our opponents the weapons in which they trust fraud, the power of tho purso and tho influenco of deceit, meet them with truth, honesty ond sound reason, and wo will defeat them forever. You remark that Judges on our Supremo Bench havo too frequently been ready to aid tho schemes of Federalism when on tho Bench, ond to forget thoso principles they esteemed sound before their election. It is doubtless on decisions ogainst Legislative repeal decisions founded up on British aristocratic usago that tho Whigs cal. culato to pcrpctuoto theso Banks in defiance of tho popular will. If they should prove correct, which I do not for a moment anticipate, I am pre pared to tako a step in advanco of our present organic system, and demand that all Judges, of whatever grade, be elected by tho popular vote. This is tho true way to uproot corrupting influ ences to elevate popular rights and exercise a due conservative influence upon our institutions. Timo has proved that confidence placed in tho people Ikis not been abused : and that the more ciTcctivo their will, the purer will remain our in stitutions. For history shows that I'ederal-Whig-Naiivism not Democracy hos ever been ready to trample on Constitutional restrictions and con servative provisions. And so, to concludo this lengthy paper, I shall only repeat that I am for tho repeal of all special privileges, and in favor of tho largest responsibility to tho people. Demos. Will Mr. Bateiiam send us Nos. 4 and 5 of his paper Letter 1 front tltc Commissioner or I'atcutSi To the Editor of the Ohio Cultivator: Washington, March 12, 1845. Dear Snt: I notice with pleasure, by a paper rccoiveil from Columbus, (I believe through your kindness) that your Legisla ture are in concert to do something for that long nogleclod but most important branch of national industry Agriculture. I am sure that if tho voice of the majority of the people of Ohio w:ts lifard, it would bo in favor of immediate rrioasurcs for tins object. New York has done much, very much, and her example is worthy of imitation. Let mo say to you, what may bo realized perhaps too late, that if such patronage is withheld, other states will bear the palm, and Ohio will here after be classed among the older declining States. Without the application of agricul tural science, her worn out lands will not be ablo to compete with the virgin fertility of the new states, or tho skilfully managed farms of the older states, where improved agriculture is introduced. But Ohio can preserve her pre-eminence, if she applies the means that uro within her reach uniting skill with labor. I lodk for ward, therefore, with pleasure to the time when agricultural associations will bo formed in every county, controlled by a state or ganization, and encouraged by stato patro nage; then Ohio will again march forward, and her statistics will show a great increase instead of diminution of her great staple wheat. Please advise mo of tho progress of the hill, which carries with it tho hopes of many well wishers out of tho stato for her prosperi ty. Very respectfully, II. L. ELLSWORTH. From tho Ohio Cultivator. Facts Tor the People of Ohio. Decrease of the Wheat Crop Our glory departing! For tho last five years it has been pub lished to tho world, that Ohio produces more wheat than any other Stato in the Union. This is tho proudest boast of her citizens, and it ha3 done moro than all clso to esta blish her credit abroad. With a wheat crop from twenty to twenty fivo trillions of bu shels, one ball surplus product, it was well known that tho farmers of Ohio would bo able without difficulty, to pay their taxes, and tho indebtedness of tho State, and speedily to become prosperous and wealthy. But tho reports of the Commissioner of patents, show that our btatc is last losing this enviable distinction; and it is probably that next yearns report well strip our farmers of this their highest honor ! The report for last year affords an argument in favor of tho promotion of agriculture in Ohio, that ought, to command tho most serious attention of her citizens, and causo them to put forth im mediate, and vigorous efforts for the diffusion of a knowledge of improved methods of cul tivation among farmers. The wheat crop of Ohio for the past three years is estimated as follows: Crop of 1842, 25,387,439 bushels. " 1843, 18,788,705 " (30 per ct. loss.) 1844, 15,909,000 "(15 per ct. more loss;) Showing a decreaso of 45 per cent, or nearly ten ptillions of bushels in only two years ! And thia too, while it is well known that tho number of acres devoted to this crop has every year been greater than the one prece ding! And another important fact is, there has not been a proportional increase of other products to make up for this immense loss. Is it any wonder then that our State is em barrassed, and that farmers find it difficult to meet their taxes? (The reports of the Board of Public Works show a decreaso in tho ag gregate amount of wheat and flour shipped on all the canals in the Stato for the past four years.) As evmenco mat mis latiiug on is luuiiny attributable to defective farming, let us look at the example of New York, where knowledge has been diffused for a number of years pas', by five or six widely circulated agricultural papers, several of them number ing from ten to twenty thousand subscribers; and where forty or fifty county Agricultural Societies, and one for the State, are sustain ed by tho aid of $8,000 per year from the Treasury. There tho reports show a marked increase in the wheat crop during tho same timo that it has decreased in Ohio. The figures sland thus: For 1812, 11,132,472 bushels. " 1843, 12,4; 0,499 " " 1844, 14,975,090 " Showing a gain of nearly four millions of bushels in two years; and most of the other products of tho farm in that Slate, have in creased m a proportionate ratio for tho past lour years. From theso figures it is easy to see. that in all probability tho next annual report will rob Ohio of tho honor of being tho first wheat Stato in the union, and award the palm to the (armors of tho Empire State.' And yet Ohio possesses at least double tho number of acres adapted to this crop that New York does; and there can bo no good reason why wo should not retain this high honor; or it so unlortunatc us to lose it for tho coming season, it should be re gained, and mado more securely our own than over beforo. It is true our Legislature, in the licat of parly strife, havo seemed to neglect the greatest interests of tho Slate, hut this only renders it moro necessary for the people themselves to awake and exert themselves. The first thing necessary to bo done is to circulate agricultural papers among the far mers, and point out through them the ne cessity and means of improvement. Until this is done moro cffjclually than now, it will be of comparatively littlo use to legislate upon the subject or form associations; for till then, not ono in tweuty ot the farmers will co-onerato in such measures. If the friends of tho causo, who percievo tho evil and tho remedy, will go to work for this pur- nose, with ono tenth part of tho enlhusiasn that is manifested during an ordinary politi cal campaign, we should soon see results that would cheer the heart of every true pa triot. Civil War. War, as it is usually tricked out, is a splen did thing, no doubl, with its glittering equip ments, its stirring music and its splendid manoeuvres. 1 ho ideal seems, as it were. lo spiritualize the more coarse and vulgar impulses of that cambativcness nnd destruc liveness which wo share with tho bull-dog; and tho homicidal frenzy mounts into the heroic, becoming a thirst for glory. But the picture, when rightly viewed is not so very attractive after all, as may be seen by the subjoined synopsis of recent doings in tho Argentine Republic, where the military game is being played without restraint: "The almost daily accounts from South America bring fresh news of tho atrocities of a monster who it would scarcely bo ima gined existed in tho nineteenth century. General Rosas, tho Dictator of the Argen tine Republic, slill continues his work of blood and destruction. 1 he details, as pub lished in an able work by one Senor Idartc, givo tho following result of tho wholesale murders for which Rosas has to answer: Died by poison, 4; by cutting throats, 3,705: by shooting, 1,393; by tho poignard, 732; in battle, 14,920; and by various persecutions, including executions for desertion, and for attempts to desert, 1,600." It is from such exhibitions that wo of this happy republic may learn to estimate tho blessings we enjoy in being, through the force of our own intelligence and common sense, freo from tho sway of brutal violence. There may, perhaps, be imperfections en ough in the administration of our laws and in tho working of our political machinery; but when wo compare ourselves with other nations, it will be found that wo have little reason to complain, unless it be, indeed, that wo are not always worthy of our own excel lent institutions the most perfect and ad mirable that tho world ever saw. Neat's Sa turday Gazette. From Washington. A large number of nominations, chiefly of revenue officers, &c, and those reported on from tho Committee on Commerce, were confirmed by the Senate, on Wednesday. Two of the nominations were rejected, namely, Mr. Slialer as Consul to Elong King, and Mr. John II. Prentiss as Marshal of tho Northern District of New York. Tho nomination of Mr. John Harris for tho Collectorship at Providence, R. I., was withdrawn, and in his stead, that of Gon. Thomas Carpenter sent in. This was con firmed, as also that of Mr. Huntington as Collector at Sag Harbor. N. Y. News. A resolution has been adopted by the Se nate, calling on the Executive for informa tion as to our relations with Mexico. It passed with but six dissenting votes. It is also said that a resolution was adopted, ask ing for a statement as to the condition of af fairs between this country aud Texas. Col. Almonte has been persuaded by the advice of the French and British Ministers, to abandon his purpose of a precipitato de parture from tho seat of Government. He will content himself with his protest, alrea dy made, and await tho instructions of the new Government of Mexico. It is the current opinion at Washington that California may bo acquired, if wo wish it,- by treaty. Tho Zoll Verein Treaty has been laid over for further consideration till next ses sion. Several treaties of minor importance were considered and ratified. NeaVs Satur day Gazette. There is a timo when men will not suffer bad things because their ancestors have suf fered worse. There is a time when the hoary head of inveterate abuse will neither draw reverence nor obtain protection. Pardoned. President Polk has pardoned Captain Sangster convicted of a violent as sault upon Hon. J. Q. Adams. Mr. Adams petitioned for the pardon. A notorious scoundrel by (he name of Da vid Moomy, forged a noto on F. Fruchey, who resides in Putnam county, about ono month since, for the sum often dollars, which he sold to a merchant in Pendleton. He then came to this piece, presented an order on us for two dollars which we paid, and which turns out to bo a forgery. From here) he went to Tiffin, whero we understand lie forged a noto for thirty dollars, which he cot cashed, and then left to play his tricks at somo other place. Moomy is a short heavy set man, about five feet four inches high, of a very dark complexion, black hair, rather crooked moulhcd,cc stutters very much when drunk. He had on when bore a black hat and black frock coat; and we should judge I.- it t ' 1 r t. , . iju in jjiuuy won qunnuca lor rresiuent or Cashier of ono of the new banks to be cre ated under King Alfred's law. Pass him rnnnrl71n77ifi C.Mtvln '- - . ...... . Flood and Dreadful Inundation. A letter from Macao, published in the foreign papers, gives an account of the overflowing of rivers in the north of China, before which the European inundations that have been re corded during the last few years shrink into rclativo insignificance. On the shores of the Yellow Sea tho phenomena took tho charac ter of a second deluge. Whole provinces, with populations respectively larger , than some of (he second class kingdoms of Eu rope, wero almost entirely submerged. The retreat of the waters left corpses in thousands. Touching episodes are given as pictures of this awful calamity. On the river Yangc Tse wero found large floating casks, which, when examined, wero discovered to contain tho bodies of young children, whoso mothers, when all hope for themselves was gone, had committed them to these floating arks, as a last slender chance of salvation. Upwards of seventeen millions or human beings, es caped from tiio inundation, have poured themselves over tho adjacent provinces, beg gared of all things, and crying for bread. P7. Ledger. Daniel Webster and his Pchchaseks. We aro pleased to find that there is one whig who looks upon tho crcRtion of the Webster fund in its proper light. A corres pondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, an influ ential whig paper, in an article headed " Webster bought up," justly characterises the transaction as " wholcsalo bribery" and says! " wo aro getting back to tho times of Georgo II. or of Lord Bacon, if such things as this are approved by leading moral papers of any party." He adds: " This is the third lime Mr. Webster has been bought twice beforo hn (he money been paid him now the purchasers have learned wisdom and put it in trust." Troy Budget. A Learned Decision. Some of our south western Justices are sorely puzzled at times. For instance! Smith was accused of stealing n pig from Siokes Johnson, a witness for Stokes, swore positively as to the guilt of Smith; Jenkins, a witness for Smith, sworo just as positively of his innocence. I ho justice was in a quandary. The busi ness, liko the Irishman's opinion of the French language, looked to him a good deal mixed, and so he finally dismissed the suit and sentenced the witnesses to pay the cost. Thieving in the Mormon Country. There has been quite a haul of thieves made at Quincy. While they wero under exami nation, a fellow arrived to give evidence in favour of a prisoner, when the jailor disco vered that the horse he rode had been stolen from him about 15 months previous. The jailer claimed his horse, and the Mormon who stole him lied. Ex-Governor Thomas, of Maryland, has been indicted for libeling Gov. McDowell, of Virginia, and his family, Col. Benton and others, in a pamphlet relating to his domes' tic grievances his rriarriago and its subse quent unpleasant results. " There is a time for all things," said a crusty old fellow to his wife. "I'll believe that," answered his wife in a sharp vinegar voice, " when you pay for your newspaper." Hit him again old woman. Brevity. That writer does the most, who gives his reader the most knowledge and takes from him the least time. In lite rature as in finance much paper and much poverty may co-exist. Lacon, The Puseyite's in this city, propose, as we understand, the foundation of a monas tery in 12th street. N. Y. Mirror. The Bill providing for a State Lunatic Asylum has passed the New Jersey Senate by a great majority. LAND AGENCY. THE subscriber has established a Land Agen cy at Kalida, Ohio, for the pure-Wise ond sals of Real Estate, payment of Taxas,' &c., in th Counties of Putnam, Paulding and Van Wert. Being connected with the American Associated Agency, which extends throughout the United States and tho principal States of Europe, he expects to bo of essential benefit to all who may engogo his services. GEO. SKINNER. Kalida, Ohio, Feb. 24, 1 844. 209tf METCALF Sf HUBER, Attorneys and Counsellors at Law. HAVING opened on office in Kalida,. will cive their attention to the ordinary buisnesi of their profession, and particularly to settlement of claims, payment of taxes, &e., for non-resi- aents. Jan. 10th, 2845. 203tl DOCTOR SOLOMON M. SHAFFER, Physician 6f Surgeon, I ATE of Pennsylvania, but more recently from J Rochester, Ohio, has located himself at'Rook- port, Putnam county, Ohio, and tenders to the public his touoiss profeservices. Feb., '44. RICHARD C. SPEARS, ' Attorney at Law, Van Wert, Van Wert county, Ohio, ro., 'M