The Kalida venture. [volume], December 23, 1845, Image 2

About The Kalida venture. [volume] (Kalida, Ohio) 1841-1865

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y
that the contrary it the. fret , Swiuejjend,
the only renuhlitnn Europe j enjoyed a sound
arrency of gold and silver.
The lame night be said of the fre cities
f th Rhine. The moat despotic govern
ment of Europe ie Russia, where the specie
is exported from the country, and the people
left to groat, under the inequalities naturally
Attendant npo the paper. money system,
- Austria comet next, as the most despotic
forsrnmeRt : i Europe, except Russia--There,
the paper money system existed in
4ts full perfection, and the rag-barons them
selves, make a distinction between bard
Bioney and paper, money, tendering their
workmen so much in paper money, and so
inch in gold and silver. ' Prussia comes
next in order, a country which is flooded
" with paner money. ; The Governor seeks to
. create the impression that legitimate credit
ie identical with the paper money system.
and cannot exiat without it. So far from this
being the fact, there ia no sounder system of
creaii, man wai vrmtu prevails iu ,u nm
cities to which I have alluded, where the
eystesa is based upon the woith and honesty
of those who may, wiah to obtain credit, and
sot upon the favoriteism which governs the
. fictitious credit created by special enact'
monk x The idea of connecting civilization
with Daner money, m certainly o neb one,
What! connect civilization with fraud with
the plunder of the people, by special en
mctroentf ' -
i Mr. R. also controverted the position of
the Governor on the subject of a protective
tariff, and its tendency to augment the value
M agricultural products. .
The message was laid upon the table.
;'; -,y ..senate
' ' Tuisdst. December 9. 1845
.Th Senate, thi morning, wu engaged in fix-
I . .1 . I'. C I T -I : . I. ....nia a, .iinMm.
In nine iui iiuiumg luoiiiiiiiK! "w ...iv...
ourt in M6, Which wdipod or, by relerring
the matMr to th eommirte on the judiciary. '
, In the Ilouae, Mr. Mason, from the committee
On privileges end election, presented hi report in
reference to the eligibility of Mr. Drake, frsm
Gmn eonntv.Caahierof the Xenia Bank; ' Mr.
Mason' report argued that Mr. Drake wi entitled
to bit et, the objection not being sufficient to
ewiejtl him. 1
. Mr. Vallandieham presented a report. Whether
It wa adopted a the minority report, we are not
" odvieed. This report came to th conclusion that
. the objection were not eulhcient to prevent mm
from retaining his awt; and present.', in strong
light, the impropriety of electing Bank presidents
end eastnera, to legislate lor tnemieive.
Mr. Olds introduced a resolution, calling upon
lh Banka for information in regard to their bU'
eineaa, which we think they will be loth to give,
It ia in reference to the wrong thev have inflict
ed upon the public, under the name of damages
-n Billaaf Exchange. We hope this matter will
be fully probed and exposed, so that the doing f
tbsse corporate monopolies hall be known to
very man in Ohio. It will be a rich theme. Mr
Olds' remark in reference to this matter, appear
ed to atultify seme of the whig member, who
wera a ignorant of . these thing a iti possible
formsn to be, and yet they will follow on with
blind seal into the quagmire which the knowing
bankers, end mmbra would lead them. The
nil bodr of the DeoDle are ODnosed to those ore-
dina of the bank, but the drill-sergesnt of
-l .1 Jl . I
wniggery, aeeps in em ,n me uars, m regaru io
Ths resolution wa laid upon the table. " '
Mr. Ball (whig) introduced a preamble and reo
lation in reference to Ore gen; taking the whig
around, tothe-rttect mat we mti nave Oregon a
r
far as the Beitish are willing we should have it,
Mr. Gallagher offered a preamble and resolution
eaa aubitituta, declaring for theterWe of Oregon,
end sustaining the message of the President in hi
". ' ' KtlTIOK PRESENTED.
' Br Mr. Leatherman, a remonstrance from 75
eittxena of Wayne township, Allen county, a
gainst th erection of the new county of Auglaize.
, Alio, a remonttiance from 49 citizen of Union
township, Allen county, on th same subject.
Mr. Knapp presented deposition from James
Mackenzie, Moses Lee, James H. Vail, and T. R.
MeClure, of Putnam county, demonstrating that
it wa that error of th projectors of the new
eoanty of Auglaize, that the legal notice wa not
given, in the said county of Putnam.
: Also, a, file of the Kalida Venture, showing, that
th legal notice for the erection ef aaid county,
wee net peblishedV 1
r : ' IN SENATE. v
an, . l JA i 4
wssnesdat, isecemoer iu, xbdj
, Un motion of Mr. Goddard, the Senate
took up the resolution reported by the com
mittee en Finance, contemplating a revision
of the system of taxation, so as to " impose
imon all the property of the State, both real
end personal, except such as shall be express-
If exempt by law, according to its true value
a equal per centum of taxation." -
On motion of Mr. Anderson, the resolution
was amended by striking out the works in
italic. ..
The resolution reported by the committee
an Finance being under consideration
Mr. Utter offered the folic wing, as a so
ond resolution, viz: ,
Resetted,' That all loans made by the
everal banking institutions in this State.
tmould be taxed as money at interest the
tame as money loaned by individuals.
' Mr. Anderson hoped the Senatoi would
withdraw his amendment. This was not the
place for it, but it mattered little whether it
was withdrawn or voted down. The resolu
tion, he said, was broad and general, but the
emondment was partial,' and limited in its
: ' character.' ' f ' ,.
Mr. Utter said, he understood that the res
olution was one of instruction; that the a
seendment could do no harm. It might go
to the committee, anal ue engrailed upon the
bill. lie said that: the party with which he
had acted, were of the opinion that the banks
ehoud have no further privileges than indi
viduals. , The democratic party were charged
with being opposed to banks; they were so.
The democratic party were opposed to ihe
srcial privileges with which . the banks
were invested.; The whig party are in favor
of banks-, and the banks in tavor or trie whig
pejlty Their interest was united. Should
they be divided,, they, would not present
o otronff front. ." r ... ..t, .. j ,
, Jtfr. Per kins., said, that the democralic
parly evere. opposed to banks; but that the
interest eftho country were, identified with
the banks,- c I.;. : ...fV,
Mn; Utter rejoined, that the democratic
Krty were oppoeed to banks and swindling
rtitotiom; thsy wihsd to have tbem re-
tricted. and made to act honestly:, . lhoy
jvere not in favor of annihilating banks; -when
they were in power, they had not done so.
But ne man, or class of men, should have the
power to control the standard of value.
Mr. Wetmore enquired ot the senator irom
Clermont (Mr. Utter,) if bia policy in inclu
ding banks, was to make them pay as much
taxes as individuals. Mr.U tier said mat u was.
Mr. Wetmore then said, tbatstich was now
the fact. . Mr. Utter did not believe that
banks were taxed in the same proportion as
individuals. . The senator from Franklin, had
accused the . democratic party of making
bauks. in .34. True, they were in the ma
jority, in the lower House, and i members
voted lor the Trust tympany; mil me wuigs
went with them for banks. . . - . .,; ;
Mx. Edoekton said: I regret that this
subject has , come, up for discussion at the
present time, i was anxious mo resmuuun
should pass without discussion, which should
more properly be reserved until the hill had
been Introduced and its details established.
If we then had ebirctious to it. we could
have stated them. However, as gentlemen
upon the other side are denning their posi
tions and statins their principles, and reflect
ihg upon the motion of the gentleman from
Clermont, who proposes this amendment to
the resolution, 1 deem it not but of place to
assist them ui defining tieir position.
There was a banking sysiom established
last winter, and bv the provisions of tho law,
tax was laid upon the profits of the bank,
instead of upon its capital To this, and in
fact every other feature of the system, the
democrats in the Legislature objected. It is
now claimed, by the gentleman on tne op
posite side, that the banks which had gone
into operation under this law, are exempt
from the payment of any other taxes than
those fixed by the law. The irentletnau has
now brought forward a resolution, iutending
to express tho opinion of the Legislature in
favor of a new system of taxation taxing
the property of the state at its true value in
money. This plan would meet with general
favor, if it could be universal in its operation.
Here commences the difficulty. For myself,
I cannot support an avowed " general and
equal" system, that exempts a great portion
of the wealth of the state from taxation. If
I am correctly advised, the majority appre
hend some difficulty in the passage of this
law. Some of their own leading friends are
opposed to it, or they are anxious to divide
the responsibility with the democrats, and, are
therefore seeking their assistance. But I
can say to them, that a law, so unequal in' its
operation, that it imposes a tax upon the
entire property of the farmer and mechanic,
while the banker pays a tax on bis profits
only, and the capitalist none tt all on his
state stock, will not receive the suppoit, 1
trust of any democrat. But taxes must be
laid. The exigencies of the statu require
it. We must have more mouey, or the state
must repudiate. Our opponents have placed
themselves in this dilemma. They claim it
to be unconstitutional to tax the banks they
have created in any other manner than on
their profits. We will not consent to an
ad valorem system that makes this exemp
tion., They, fear to increase the percent
upon the present grand levy, as thereby they
would lose their ascendency; and if neither
the per centum, or the amount, upon the
grand levy, can be increased, repudiation,
is the consequence. Now, the plain ques
tion is, who is responsible for this stale of
things? , Certainly not the democratic party.
We have not had the power to produce il.
If repudiation takes place; and by repudia
tion I mean a neglect to pay our interest ; a
great depreciation cf oor state stocks must
be the consequence ; and as a part of this
banking system . is based upon State stock,
it must totter, and eventually -fall; and 1
would do all in my power to depreciate the
stocks in the eastern market, if It would
destroy this iniquitous banking system.
the majority have placed themselves in Buch
a position, that repudiation must come, as a
consequence of their own sets, I rejoice at
it. . The gentleman from Wayne assigns, as
a reason why this amendment should not pre
vail, that the loans of banks are but debts
against them, and should not, therefore, be
taxed. That we might, with the same pro
priety, tax the debts due from individuals.
The eentleman must be imiorantof the oner
ations of a bauking system, if he does not
know that banks are running . instead of
paying interest, on their indebtedness that
this is one of their exclusive privileges. The
gentleman from Summit, (Mr. Wetmore,
alleges that the banks now pay more tax
upon their profits than is paid by tho com.
mtinity generally. There may be instances,
where lauds are valued at much less than
their real worth, in which this ' 'averment
may be true. But individual. instances prove
nothing. They do not effect the general
principle. J he gentleman is a farmer, and
I would ask him this question; If a person
should come to him, and ask upon what sys
tem he woul'l be taxed on h:s profits, or en
his property how would ho answer! "O!
course, upon Ins prohia. - Jf the tanners on
the Western Reserve were exempt from
taxation, except upon their profits, how much
tax would they Dave paU Ilia past season
deducting the expanses?' Of course, not a
penny.' But by this system, the farmer, the
mechanic, and the merchant, pay a tax upon
(heir property, whether they make a profit,
or sustain a loss. . J lie gentlemen may use
all the arguments and sophistry they please;
they cannot convince me that there is no
difference between a tax upon profits, and
a tax upon property. It is a false doctrine,
not having even the semblance of truth.
1 he gentleman from Athens, in his proposi
tion to amend the amendment, would deduct
from the loans of a Bank, flie debts owing by
it. It, he wilt snow me the difference be
tween the loans' ot bank, and its debts, I
will vote with him. But he . cannot do so.
In the language of the Govorner's message
"banks are founded upon the credit system.11
No one will deny this. The are all credit.
The owe tho stockholders for their stock;
the community, for their circulation; the de
posites; deducting these, which aro the debts,
how much would remain for us to tsxt Pre
cisely what the friends of such a system want
nothing. ,
Mr Keller, in reply toMri-ugenon, saw
the eentleman from Defiance had fallen into
an error in reirard to taxing tho stock of the
United States in the bands ot individuals cr
banks. ' Neither the banking law of the last
a Ml - J
session, nor tne ad valorem tax uiii reporieu
br him last winter, proposed to exempt the
slocks of the U. S., .nor any other public
stocks, except that of the state of Ohio, from
taxation. Jt is true, Mr Jlirtlay had moved
so to amend the banking law of last session
as to tax the stocks of this state owned by
the bauks. This proposition was negatived,
on the ground that it would be a violation of
tho nliL'hted t.ntli ot the slate to do so. il
the gentleman would turn lo the law of 1825,
which authorized the creation ot state siock,
he would find thero a pledge given, 'that no
tax shall ever be levied by ihe Legislature, or
under the authority of this state, on the stock
to be created by virtue of this act nor on the
interest payable thereon; and, further, that
the value of the said stock shall be in nowise
imparted by any Legislative act of this state.'
The state had probably obtained higher high
cr prices for her stocks in consequence of
this nledie:'and it would be unjust ns well as
unconstitutional now to invalidate this part of
the original contract. In the bill prepared
by the late Auditor, Mr B'ough, ho h id ex
empted the stocks of this state fiOm taxation
This exemption was therefore no new meas
ure, proposed by the whig party, to exempt
bankers or others from bearing their share of
the public burdens.
AFfEBNOOX SESSION.
The amendmRut offered by. Mr. Utter to
the resolution of the chairmau of the com'
mittee on Finance, being under considera
tion. ' ,
Mr. Edgerton said, he deemed it neces
siry to make some explanation of his' remarks
of this morning, lie believed he naa Deen
misunderstood, for ho had heard that he was
charged with advancing and advocating the
doctrine of repudiation, ouctr is not tue
fact. He was opposed to repudiation in all.
its forms. He waawilling to go still further
than the eentleman from iranklin, in main
taining the credit of tho state. He would
put il out of the power of the state ever to
repudiate, and make the payment of the in
terest, and of the debt itself, a certainty
He would tax the entire wealth of the state,
which the gentleman will not do, as ho will
exempt from taxation the capital ot the bank
er, and "to that extent, diminish the revenue
of the state. In Ins remaiks, this rnnrnug,
he spoke his own feeling!), and did not claim
to speak advisedly, or lo speak the scnti
meuts of his party. The gentleman from
Franklin observed, that if the inadvertence
or ignorance, of his friends in the Legisla
lure, l ist "winter, had placed themselves in a
posit on which might lead to repudiation, it
should not bo a subject of rejoicing to his
party. I maintain, sir, it is good couse for
rejoicing, not that repudiation is to tako place,
for 1 would regret to see it, but that our op
ponentsnot us must assume tho respon
sibility. It is charged, I am an tious to see
the ascendency of my party, and that if repn
diation would produce it, I would glory in it
Great as is the disgrace and evil of repudia
tion, it is no greater thau the evil of the as
cendency of the gentleman's party, and the
carrying out of hts principles; and it by the
ignorance or inadvertence of the gentleman
and his fiicnds, repudiation should take place,
and my own party obtain the ascendency, I
should glory in that ascendency; for the
great aud fundamental principles of the go.
vernment, " equal and exact justice to all
men, and exclusive privileges to none,"
would be carried out to their fullest extent,
and the doctrine of repudiation and unequal
taxation, would be forever repudiated. 1 he
plea of ignorance and inadvertancc, comes
with a very ill grace, to say the least, from
the gentleman. He should remember that
proposition . after proposition to tax the capi
tal of the banker was voted down by his par
ty, during the last session of the Leg:slature,
A distinct proposition was submitted by Mr,
Bartley, lo tax bank capital as other property;
13 democrats voted in its favor, and 21 whigg
against it the gentleman from franklin
among the latter. The same gentleman, as
chairman of tho Finance committee, intro
duced a bill which proposed to tax nearly the
entire property, of ihe Biate, but, ever active
in securing his friends from liability to pay
their just proportion of the taxes, he exempt
ed from taxation the stock of the state, and
die stock of banking institutions taxed nixm
Iheir profits; and that an individual could
hold one hundred thousand dollars of this
slock, receive his six percent', semi-annually,
without trouble or risk, and yet be entirely
exempt from taxation. This is not carrying
out the doctrine advanced by the preamble
and resolutions under discussion, which is,
'hat the entire' wealth of the state should
he taxed. " I am anxious ill's s'lould be done
I believe it to bo 'the only- just system - of
axniion. Public necessity demands, and
public justice requires, its adoption; I ut if
gentlemen have placed themselves in such a
position that, as they claim, a great portion
of the wealth of the state must be exempt
from taxation, to them, and to them alone,
belongs the honor of the exemption and the
disgrace of repudiation. ' , : 1 '
Mr. Ewing said, the discussion had cer
tainly taken a very wide range, wider than
was, perhaps, necessary, to a proper discus
sion of the merits of the question before the
Senate. He said, the gentlemen of the maj
ority had exhibited a singular zeal to commit
and ensnare the Senator from Defiance, ob
viously to weaken the force or that Senator
by putting words into bis mouth that he did
not utter; and from, such -words; drawing
their own conclusions." 'Their object is to
make him a repudiator, &c ," &c. ' NoW, sir,
the gentleman has said nothing to commit
him to that doctrine; on the contrary, he
has declared himself opposed to it. If I
understand the import of his remarks, ii was,
that bo perferred tho effects which. a depre
ciation of State stocks would produce, even
though it broke down the State Banks, than
to see the destruction which the majority
wish to create, by taxing all tbe various in
terests in the State, and excepting the brok
era. This is about the substance, if not Ihe
word, of the Senator from Defiance. He
has certainly shocked the nerves of certain
gentlemen, they were so very sensitive upon
the subject of banks and bankers. Mr. E.
said he heard nothing but what he was will
ing to endorse, giving a fair construction to
all that was said. ' lie said he was in favor
of some more equal system of taxation, but
he would never vote for one that was partial,
particularly to a class that possessed advan
tages over all others, in the accumulation of
wealth. He said he wisucd to see tne oui
which the resolution contemplates, presented
iu detail. He would vote, however, fur the
amendment of the Senator from Clermont,
(Mr. Utter.) It declared a correct principle,
mid one without which no tax law would
receive his vote placing all upon an equali
iv in bearinir the public expenses.'.
Mr. Welch moved to amend the amend
ment, by inserting, after tho word " Slate,11
the words, "after deducting tbe deuis owed
bv said banks.11 ' ' " ' '
Mr. Edgerton wished to know the differ
ence between the loans of banks and the
debts of banks. According to the gentle-
man's proposition, all that they had, they
owed; and it )ou deduct I lie amount iney
owe, you deduct all they possess.
Mr. Utter said, that be intended, in offer
ing bis amendment, nothing less than that
bankers should bo taxed as other individuals;
that was ell he had in view. , '
The veas and nays were then taken upon
the amendment to tho amendment, and re
sulted veas 19. nays 15, as follows:
- YEAS Messrs. Anderson Bean,Codding,
Coombs. Cox. Eckley. Groff, Hastings, Kel
lev. Madeira. Martin of Fayette, O'Ferrall,
O'Neal, Osboru, Powell, Quinby, Welch,
Wetmore, and Speaker 19.
NAYS Messrs. Edgerton, Ewing, Godd
ard, Harte, Jones, King, Koch, Mackall,
Martin of Columbiana, Newman, Perkins,
Thornhill. Utter, Warnef, and Wood 15.
So the amendment to the amendment was
carried. . ' r.i. ; i u- .,
Mr. Perkins spoke at some length, in
which lie charged that the democratic party,
were opposed to all banks, tie said that the
indebtedness of the state was a good founda
lion for banking, and instanced the bank of
England, which was fouuded upon the debt of
that government.
Mr. Edgerton said that some of the demo
cratic parly were opposed to banks, and that
he was one ol that number, that the wing
party had conferred upon the banks immuni
ties and privileges which were unequal and
unjust, that wherever this question had been
freely discussed and fuiily understood by the
people, the democratic party had triumphed.
Tho Senate from Lako (Mr. Perkins) has
read the opinions of some democratic bank
commissioners. I do not subscribe to those
opinions. There may be some in the demo
cratic parly who are in favor of milking in
stitutions but I am not one of them. The
opinions of Jo. Lake, or of any other Demo'
cratic Bank Commissioner, be he connected
with the Bank of Wooster, the Clinton Bank
of Columbus, or any other galvanized con
corn, are not mine, and only merit my con'
temnt. "
The reference to the Bank of England, by
the Senator from Lake, he thought to be any
thing but republican: and to fix upon us
srsiem like that, whose whole history had
been one of contractions and convulsions,
was most anti-American and dangerous.
Mr. Utter said that the amendment to his
resolution had made it so contrary to what
he wished to express, and so ridiculous, that
ho should vote against it.
Mr. King moved to lay the resolution nd
amendment on the table; which was lost.
The question was then taken upon the
amendment of Mr. Utter as amended, and
lost.
The question then being on the adoption
of the . resolution as amended, was taken
and carried yeas 81, nays 13.
The preamble was then agreed to. ,
- Mom dat, Dec. 15, 1845.
'I PETITIONS FBE8KXTF.D.
By Mr. Edgerton, from sundry citizens of
the counties ot Putnam, Henry, and uebance,
praying for a free turnpike road from Gil boa,
in Putnam county, to Defiance, in Defiance
county. . Referred to the committee on Roads
and Highways. .
Mr. Utter offered for adoption, the follow
ing resolution:
Resolved, That the standing committee on
Common Schools and School Lands, be in
structed to enquire into the expediency of
so amending the laws, Tor the support aud
better regulation of Common Schools, now
iii forc,ato prohibit directors from employ
ing any person as teacher in sild district,
without first obtaining the consent of a ma
jority of the householders, in said district;
and in all cases where a teacher shall be em
ployed, it shall be the duty of the directors
lor thet time being, to give notice to each
householder in such district, that such person
has been employed, and the time when such
school will commence. '
Which was agreed to. H . - ';
aanakaaMO ' "
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
f v .r PETITIONS PRESENTED. ; , -
By Mr. Thomas, sundry petition from 117
citizens of Allen county, for the new county
of Auglaize. ' :
By Mr. Thomas, sundry papers in relation
to tho proposed new county of Auglaize,
with an affidavit certifying that notice had
been duly given by publication, y ; , .
By the Speaker, from 118 citizens, male
and female, of the county of Geauga, for tbe
more effectual punishment of seduction and
other crimes. Referred t tho select com
mittee en that Subject. ,
Hp Mr. O'Ferrall, nine petitions' front .
489 citizens of Alercer countyffof tho re
moval of tho county seat from Celma, thtr
prosent location, to St. Mary's. .t:
Also, a remonstrance from tne game per
sons, against the erection of the propose .
new county of Auglaize.
Severally - referred totho committee oa
new counties. t , ....
Mr. Gallagher gave ' notice of ' '(bill 'I
repeal all laws recognizing and regulating the
labor of convicts at the mechanic arty in tho '
Ohio Penitentiary, or under the direction of
the Warden or Directors, by contract or other
wise. " ; -,! 's'
REPORTS 6t STANDING COJfMITTXKS. 'f '
Mr. Perkins, from the Judiciary commit-,
tee, to which was referred two resolutions'
in reference . to Prosecuting Attorneys, and i
the erection of the office of Attorney Gener
al of the folate, reported adversely to tbe
same, and asked to be discharged from tho.
further consideration of the subject,' and re- -commended
iheir Indefinite postponment, ;-;
After some debate, tho resolutions ware
laid upon the table. - 1
Tnx Russian Mission. We leahi, (ssyi
tho Ohio Statesman,) from Washington, that 1
ihe President has appointed Andrxw Jack
son Donrlson, Esq., Minister to Russia. It
is a rumor, however, and we can't answer ier
its correctness. ' ' - ;'. '
KALIDA VENTURE.
. JAMES MACKENZIE, EDITOR. .
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 9S, ' 1149.
The ltlessnffc. j 'i-
Th Ifsssst f ths Preildtiit oecopled tba whala f aar
Isst publication, to th total aiclusion or Khar autlar.- -It
has not, howarar, hasn eieaedcd ia eomBandinf liitaratl '
ay any stats paper which ha amanatss' from tha Xiaca .
tira slnca Jackson's ret of 'l U. S. Bank, and Is si th .
flrst Important not only riom th magnituda of tha qui- '
lions bother home and foreign paltry which it discusses,
but alto Irani the ability, patriotism, and soundness with .
which they are treated. Plata, straightforward and can
rineinf , Il prow, that though James K. Folk was elevated .
as a compromise between tha claims of great leaders, th .
exigency called forth a man, who, in tha strength, an. '
ergy, and fearleeiness of his statesmanship, bad among
them n superior. '
0a our controversy with Mexico, th Message places r ' -relstions
with thst power in tlwir true position. Se far .j
from being aggresssra wa bar suffered long and eantlnu
cd aggressions, which our government his bora with- '
out retaliation only from considerations efthe kindred ia.
stitutions of that power, aa well a her comparallr '
weakness; hoping by ths reiterated representation of tha
justness of our claims, ultimately to receive justice,- with
out the necessity of compelling it.
Now that the excitement of th contest is over, but few ;
wilt refuse to rejolc in the territorial extension of tha
blessings of self-government and confederation by th ten
sunimation of Texan annexation. Democracy's triumphs
aratl'.one of peace. She has enlarged our boundaries by ":
the acquisition of Louisiana, Florida, and Texas, aad tha
arm of lore lies not been employed, or a drop of blood been
ahed, in their acquirement. The keen and merited rebuke
of the intrigues ef English and French diplomacy lo pre-
rent our union with Texas, will be felt abroad, and especl
lly by France ; and will not be without it influence ia
checking the insolence of foreign interference on this cn. '
tinent. It was due to our national character to repudl
ate tha officious dictation ef European deepots the rep. :
reeentatira of twenty millione of freemen may safely wara
them thai here they will not be allowed to change and di
vide States at their will, and make nations ths play thing
of their ambition. America ie Im mistress of Republics,
th flrst power in the New World, and it ia her duty to '
insist that th American continent be rid of that juggling
and deceptire diplomacy which has hitherto only shews '
how essily men have consented to be governed without
wiedom or honesty. -
In the conduct of the difficult and perilous negotiation of .
tha Oregon boundary, Mr. Polk has displayed the highest
courage and ability. Confident that we were entitled ta
tha wholk of that territory, in deference to the diplomatic '
etmprtmim of past administrations, ha offered England
once more the country north of the 49th parallel of latitude.
Thie refused the negotiation was at an and, and our claim '
to the territory from California to ths Russian Possessioa
presented as ths ultimatum. We are glad that the princi'
pla of compromise has been rejected on this su bjeet. Hi
acknowledging wa hare righte which we dare not maintain
and are willing to yield a part to be per mltted to enjoy th
balance. Ameriea is now able to keep what aha baa a.
right to, without consulting England ; and w wish Mr. .
Webster had recollected this before he gave away ta that
grasping power 800,000 acres of our territory in the state of
Main. The measures suggested' in the Menage the die. 1
solution of ths Cenvsnlion for Joint occupation; to
protection of our citlten in Oregon ; and establishment of,
regular intercourse with them are peaceful in their char
acter, but well deeigned as preparations for dsfenca, if by
unforeseen erente it should beeoms necessary. Th Ad-
ministration in its course on this subject will command th
unqualified approval of all who deslr to ! lb honor
and dignity of tha cuntry sustained. . , ,
O i tha Tarilt ihe Message lays down principles, which,,
if carried out iu their true spirit, will accomplish much to
wards equalizing the turdeni ind rectifying the injustice
done to the Agricultural Interests of the West by th tariff
of 184!. The adoption of the ad valorem principle In th
place of specific duties, as recommended, will be progress
sireapproueh to directness ill the mod of raising natlan
al revenue, as It will place in a clearer view before the pea"
pie the character of trotectton and tarirT taxation. Th
Preeident's vieve on tills subject were looked for with ten-
eideratle internet. They are what we had a right to ex- .
pert from l ie Arm and consistent character ; even the Na
tional Intellijencer beara this testimony :
"On this question, (the tariff,) th message i
explicit enough. The President reaffirm doc-
trine; which, before hi elevation to hi preeent
station, he wasinoten to profess. ad ha utoayi
acted upon, in regard to the protective system."
On th Constitutional Tressury, Mr. Polk acquits himself
a wo ta be expected fromliie steedy opposition in Congress .
to th corruptions of the credit system during th stormy,
season of Bank expansion, revulelon and panic. Hieeentl.
mentson tin evils of ths onion of bsnkardstat, are Worthy
f th departed ratesman who flrst struck tl.a death-blow to
that, co'sasal lnritutin,whieh al oat time threatened t aeur
exolueiv power over U e guverrinieut of th natlan. Trie
Constitutional Treasury wholly free from paper Issues, end
tha fluctuation Incident thereto, will materially CendTt T
feet the steadiness aud equilibrium, which constitute tha '
basis of tbe public prosperity. The administration la tbaas
choosing against tbe patronage of the present State Bank
system, and in favor ef th people's Treasury, ha sirs tha
beat avidenea of a desire ta promote purity aad atccanU
bilHy in thr management of public affsir. -
The Postmaster General seems scaicery to have giro a
fall trial to the new Post Office law, before he determined
thnt it required Important modlflcatlens. If not a return ta -lb
old system. Such radical change in the system ss wrtv
incrodueed by-the new law regulating th postag rate, re
quire mar than six month accurately to develop tbebr'
effect. W hop that aheap postage, bringing mtcll Irene
nearer within the reach ol tba maas of tbe people,, will aot '
be deemed impracticable till furtber experience ha demo,
strnted Ktobi aad that th modification required wlfl
aot embrace relura to th espionage system of singl ad .
isubia letters, bos tkirt weight win fostlso k V aasa-
awif awrsaa -