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BIRMINGHAM AGE HE RALD VOLUME XXXXIV BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA, WEDNESDAY, .ILLY JD, 11)14 12 PACES XTXIBEU 84 AUSTRIA-HUNGARY OFFICIALLY DECLARES WAR AGAINST SERVIA; INTEREST SHIFTS TO THE RUSSIAN CAPITAL GERMANY REFUSES TO AGREE TO PROPOSAL OF SIR EDWARD GREY FOR A PEACE CONFAB Says Conference Is Not Feasible In Prac tice and Impossible To Carry Out. Would Have Cabinets Confer. Austria Would Not Ap pear Before Tribunal AUSTRIANS LOOK FORWARD TO WAR WITH SERVIA WITH AFEELING OF RELIEF ; High Officials In Vienna Confident War Will Be Con l fined To Servia and Austro-Hungary—People Receive War Declaration With Spirit Like Unto Religious Exultation—Report Sharp Fighting Along Drina London, July 28.—The Austria-Hungarian government declared war against Servia today by a manifesto which is one of the briefest of history’s momentous documents. The text of the declaration is: “The royal government of. Servia having not replied in a satisfactory manner to the ■note remitted to it by the Austro-Hungarian minister in Belgrade on July 2.'!. 1914, the im perial and royal government finds itself compelled to proceed to safeguard its rights and interests and to have recourse for this purpose to a force of arms. “Austria-Hungary considers itself from this moment in a state of war with Servia,” Germany paved the way for this declaration by announcing her rejection of the British proposal to bring four powers together in conference for mediation. Germany explained her ally could not be expected to submit her acts to an European country as though she were one of the Balkan states. This announcement preceded the declaration of war by i only two hours and showed the harmonious working of the L partnership between the two nations which stood firmly to jytgether through the Bosnian erisif^of 1909 , /■ The center of interest has shifted sharply to St. Petersburg, which holds the decisioiHvhether an European war which prob ably would shift the balance of power if not rearrange the en tire map of Europe, is to break out. Negotiations are afoot there between the Russian foreign minister and the Austrian ambassador which are designed to “localize” the conflict. EXPECTED BELGRADE WILL BE OCCUPIED The next news expected is the oc cupation of Belgrade, and that now may be an accomplished fact. Reports of encounters along the frontier have peen permitted to pass the censor, but military experts here believe mobi lization already has been effected, and that a campaign is under way. There is no enthusiasm in England for war, yet there is a general belief that her obligations to her partners in the triple entente, and her inter ests as a great European power, will force her to support Russia and France in any steps they may take. HOME RULE M.\V * BE COMPROMISED !\ The immediate effect of the war cloud j is likely to be a compromise on homo ijrule, since all parties feel that domestic / dissension must be settled at all cost in the face of outside peril. The fierce demands of the conser vative papers for a general election have been hushed. The foreign office has become the most important branch of the government and no one wants j to risk the possibility of losing Sir Edward Grey with his exceptional in fluence in the councils of Europe. * ! j The British warships everywhere ^re taking on supplies. Soon after it became known that Austria and Sbrvia were at war all the officers and sail ors ashore at Portland and Weymouth v ere summoned to their ships. AUSTRIAN PEOPLE LOOK TO WAR WITH RELIEF Vienna, July 28.—The people In the dual monarchy look forward to a war with Servla, which today formally wa» declared, with a fettling of relief, j High officials are optimistic that the war will be confined to these two coun tries. Certain knowledge that Russia •would intervene, however, would not ^Icause Austria to alter her course in the •lightest. News of the formal declaration of war ran through the city before extra editions of the papers could reach the vendors and was everywhere greeted with a spirit which might be described ae close to religious exultation. PAPERS FORBIDDEN TO PRINT NEWS OF TROOP MOVEMENTS Vienna is absolutely without news of troop movements, which the papers are forbidden to print. A sharp censorship has bean established over all means of communication. The evening papers published the fol lowing Inspired statement: "In well Informed circles the view Is 'Vield that so far as Sir Edward Grey s ■^Arorosal ts to localize the conflict be ' Aeen Austria-lluhgary and Servla. the (former can declare nerselt entirely : agreed with Sir Edward Grey's re marks hut regarding what he has said concerning the suppression of military operations, affairs have proceeded much too far to allow anything to be don« In this connection.” Advices from Belgrade say the Ser . . s. « vian capital is now located at Nish, where the Skupshtina (national as stmbly) met today. .All Servians be tween 18 and 60 years, able to bear arms, have been called out and mobili zation is proceeding rapidity. The Milltaerlsche Rundschau reports sharp fighting along the river Drina Where Servian volunteers who at tempted to cross were opposed by Aus trian frontier troops. It also reports that Servians fired on their own river transports by mistake, killing and wounding several Servian soldiers. The ministry of foreign affairs has ad€*0-.ft*d n verbal note to the foreign repref^itatlves informing them of the declaration of war and declaring that Austria will, on the assumption of sim ilar observances by Servia, adhoie to the provisions of The Hague confer ence of October 15. 1908. and the dec laration of London of February 26, 1909. FRANCE APPEARS TO BE PREPARING FOR WAR Paris. July 28.—The French government and people appear to be quietly prepar ing lor war, while awaiting Russ.a s de cision. Troop trains are ready and army rep resentatives are on duty in telegraph. , telephone and postoffices- The average | citizen lias read In the newspapers his , general instructions concerning mobiltza- i tion; he long has bad ids orders instruct ing him precisely when and where to re port for service. The cabinet met late today and re ceived reports of the ministers. Any decisions were kept closely guarded. Abel, Ferry, under secretary tor foreign af- j fairs, is cn route to Dunkirk tonight to meet President Poincare and Premier Viviani, who will arrive there At dawn. • According to what is believed to be responsible opinion there remains the pos sibility that when Austria has occupied; some Servian territory she will announce1 her intention not to proceed further, hut] to hold what she has taken until Servia gives competent guarantee that she will! observe Austria’s wishes. Russia would not then lie likely to intervene. It is argued, except diplomatically apd negolia tions appear to be going on at present between Austria and Russia. On the announcement of, war tonight Paris became animated. There were patriotic demonstrations in the capital and many other cities throughout the re public, but there also were demonstra tions against the war. RUMOR OF ASSASSINATION PROVES TO BE UNFOUNDED I.(melon. July 29.—A rumor''was cur rent In Paris last night that the German minister In Belgrade had been assassi nated. Inquiry, however, disclosed that tlie minister had merely left Belgrade for Nish. The correspondent of the Daily Chron icle at Semlin telegraphed Tuesday that there had been no active hostilities be tween Austria and Servia beyond the exchange of shots between frontier and river patrols. The l.ondon morning newspapers fully realize the gravity of the menace threat ening Europe. Editorially they admit that Austria is Justified In chastising Servia. but they argue that any attempt to destroy Servia's sovereign rights would plunge all of Europe into war. The Dally Mall thinks unless the war is localized, Europe is faced with the greatest catastrophe In Its history.; The Dally Telegraph considers the German Emperor holds the fate of Europe In the hollow of his hand. » Tlie Morning Post in a pessimistic vein asks: "If Austria does not want to an nex Servian territory what is,the political purpose of her war? There must be some tCaatiaaa* n Fan Haa) Bf-i. lift,-jl HOPE FOR PEACEFUL SEMEN J OF THE Administration Trying to Bring Discordant Ele ments Together—Tax On Petroleum Washington, July 28.—'The administra tion exerted itself further today toward j drawing together the discordant Mexican i elements. Official messages from Vera Cruz spoke of the satisfactory progress of confer ences there between representatives of General Carranza and Zapata, and an agent of the latter soon will go north to work out tfith Carranza the details of the friendly understanding. Pending the arrival of General Villa and Justice Allende. delegates from the! Carbajal government, to confer at Sal- 1 tillo W'ith Carranza, no definite develop-j ments relative to the transfer of the got - ernmental authority at Mexico City are expected. A vigilant watch is being maintained by the Washington government over the movements and activities of General Villa, l.ate dispatches are somewhat dis quieting The United States Is not relax ing its efforts through Its consular agents, however, to bring Carranza and Villa into complete accord. Vera Cruz, July 28.—Unwilling to risk being captured by General Pascual Orozco. Jr., who Is operating between San Luis Potosi and Tampico, General Lauro1 Vlllar and David Gutierrez Allcmle, pro visional President Carbajal s peace dele gates. came from the capital to this port last night. At the earliest moment they will go to Tampico to confer with the Carranza appointees. The federal delegates are instructed to insist upon an amnesty and return of the regular army as it was at the time of the overthrown of the Madero adminis tration. They also are instructed to In form the constitutionalists of Carbajal’s willingness to turn over the government to the constitutionalists, but that the President urges that he be permitted to name a constitutionalist, whom the I 'ar ranza party could designate, as minister of foreign affairs and who. upon Senor Carbajal's retirement, automatically would become provisional President. These are the only terms upon which Piesldent Carbajal Insists. The peace delegates’ special train was met at the station by Brigadier General Funstun, who offered to do anything he could to facilitate the delegates' trip to Tampico. If a small steamer cannot be obtained without delay It Is expected they will accept an offer to make the trip In an American naval vessel. To Tax Petroleum Tampico, July 26.—(Via Laredo, Tex.'. July 28.»—General Carranza issued a de cree here today imposing a special tax of 60 cents, Mexican gold, per ton on all peroleum produced In Mexico. In addi tion to this, the constitutionalist chief Im posed a looal tax of 10 cents. Mexican gold, per ton for Tampico harbor im provement. The tax Is to be paid by affixing stamps to Invoices covering oil shipments, and In this way'the Cowdray interests (Brit ish), and Huasteca company (American), which are exempted from regualr taxes by a concession from Dias, will he re quired to pay the present tax, a com mercial one. which Dla* did not exmept. The tax Imposed by Huerta was *1.25, Mexican, per ton. Local oil men not contacted With the Cowdray and Huas - v (CestkMd aa Pa*a Mm) ... IMPERILED SERVIAN CAPITAL AND CHIEF OF STAFF WHO WAS ARRESTED -----—__ I 1 ot Nf RAl View °f 6rLGRApE: H /<? General PUTNIK WHO WAS ARRESTED in AUSTRIA ■ • — -— - - - 1- * - . -- Declaration of war between Auotrln-Hungnry and ervla linn been annonoiniccd In dispatches from \ icnna. Now that war actually exists, every chancellery of Europe Is striving; frantically to confine the struggle to the two principals and ax*old the em biollmcnt of V'rnnee, Russia and England on the one side and of (iermany and Italy on the other. The first act off war probably will be the set sure off llelgrade, cnpltal off Servla. \n act of war committed by Austria was the arrest off the chief off the Serxian general staff, tieucrnl I'utnlk. near lluda pcst, but he was soon released by the Emperor’s direct command. MAY NAME HEPBURN AS MEMBER OF BOARD INSTEAD OF WARBURG Warburg Not to Be Confirmed Unless He Appears Before Senate Com mittee First tVufthlnjtcm. jui-v 28 - A. Barton Hep burn, chairman of the hoard of the (’base National hank of New York, today was being considered for a place on the fed eral reserve hoard, should Haul M. War-1 burg of New York finally decline to ap- | pear before the Senate bank committee as a preliminary to his confirmation. Senator Hitchcock was to return here tonight from New York after a confer ence with Mr. Warburg. The White House Acpected lie would bring Mr. Warburg’s final decision. Pres ident Wilson has not yet decided on a • man in place of Thomas D. .Tones of | Chicago, whose name was withdrawn. | New York, July 28.—Paid M. Warburg] declined to comment today on the visit of Senator Hitchcock. He said the mat ter demanded that he remain absolutely silent. BELGIUM BANKER IS GIVEN SENTENCE Alleged He Swindled Public Out of $3,400,00(1 By Watering Rail road Stock Brussels, Belgium, July 28.—Nestor Wll mart, Belgium's banker, railroad man. paper proprietor and sportsman, was to day sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment and $800 fine. He was charged with swindling the public out of $2,400,000 by over-issuing shares in the Ghent-Terneu 8011 railway in 1912. Five accomplices were sentenced. also, Hasquin, the traffic manager, to seven years and $800 fine; Waechter to four years and three others to three years each. The railroad Is the only privately owned line In Belgium, and the operations of Wllmart and his associates placed a num ber of small banks In difficulties. Wllmart disappeared in 1912 and after a world-wide search was arrested in Rheims. France. Order of Hibernians Convenes Providence. R. I., July 28.—All sections of the jUnlted States. Canada and Ireland were represented at the opening here to-| day of the general convention of the.An-jl dent Order of Hibernians, Board of Erin, i The convention will he In session until j Thursday night. It was expected that aj leader of the organization in Ireland j would bring a message on Irish condi tions, particularly with regard to the, Ulster situation. In the forenoon the del-; egates attended a meeting in which an i address was made by Dennis J. Manlon of Now York, president of the society. . TODAY’S AGE-HERALD 1— Austria-Hungary declares war against Servia. Madame Cdillaux freed of charge of wilful murder. Hope for peaceful settlement of the Mexican muddle. Rock Island system places embargo on grain shipments. 2— Troops engage In sham battle today. 3— Rodgers' Judgment borne out by rail road venture. 4— Editorial comment. 6— Many opposed to removing Jail from present site. Water controversy still live topic with citizens. Henderson facing fine prospect of business success. Wiggins to leave service of city. > 7— Sports. 7— Sports. 8— Alabama leads all others In Sunday school work. 8—Austrian Emperor makes statement to Ids people. 110—Mrs. W. J. Neill Is buried In Ragland. 11-Markets. U—Robertson out for commission. I An Alleged Shortage of Steamers At Galveston Given As Reason for Action Dallas, Tex., July 28.—Officials of the Rock Island Railroad system here to day say they have received orders not to accept any more grain shipments to Galveston. Tex., until August 2. It was said the railroads claimed Die port was overstocked. Galveston. Tex., July 28.—Santa Fe officials here declined to discuss re ports today of nu embargo on grain shipments to Galveston. Tt was learned from other sources that an embargo j has been placed, effective until August 2 Reports from elevators, grain com panies and steamship men say there Is sufficient room In the elevators for more grain and enough steamships here to handle it promptly. Topeka, Kan., July 28.—An embargo on all grain shipments to Galveston, Tex., for export till August 2 was sug gested by the Atchison. Topeka and j Santa Fe railroad, and the Chicago,] Rock Island and Pacific railroad and I connecting links here today. The reason assigned for the embargo' Is an alleged shortage of steamers at Galveston. Since this year s wheat ship ments began It is said only nine boats have cleared that port with grain and railway officials say all terminal elevators are filled and about 8000 ears of wheat are waiting there for ocean shipment. The Union Pacific. Missouri, Kansas and Texas and St. Louis and San Francisco railways were notified by the Santa Fe and Rock Island officials that any export shipments loaded for Galveston would have to bfe held on the tracks of the originating lines until August 2. Reports received here Indicate that the shortage of steamers at New Orleans is as se rious as that at Galveston. WIcliita, Kas.. July 28.—With the move ment of Kansas wheat at its height and railroad grain embargo placed on the port of Galveston fell heavily on members of th^» local board of trade. A petition was sent to the general freight agent of the Santa Fe railway today asking thHt the Galvestoif freight rate be made ef fective temporarily to New Orleans. Hutchinson. Kas., July 28.—Hundreds of farmers bringing wheat to Hutchinson and surrounding grain stations today Were obliged to return home with their grain or tuke a low price because of the embargo declared by the railroads on export wheat through Galveston. IRISH NATIONALISTS RECEIVE MORE ARMS * .... Dublin, Ireland, July 28.—A ran slgnment of 400t> rifles for the Irish nationalist volunteers was landed dur ing the night at Newcastle, on the const of County Wicklow. Another batch of 1000 rifles was landed near Kllcrol, also In Wicklow. The coroner's Inquest on the victims of Sunday's flghllnK between the Kink's Own Scottish borderers and the crowd was adjourned till Thursday at the request of the lawyers representing | the soldiers, who asked tor the sus pension to prepare their aide. SENATE COMMITTEE ADJOURNS TO MEET AGAIN NOVEMBER 5 President Harrison of Sojthern Rail way Concludes Testimony—Ques tioned As to Rates ..._ 1 Washington. July 2$. \r the conclusion of a rigid cross-examination of Fairfax Harrison, president of the Southern rail way. as to tho financial operations of his road and the method of into making employed by Southern systems, the Sen ate special committee investigating South ern coal transportation today took a re cess until November 15. The hearing will then he resumed with a view of making a report early in the next session of Congress. Under cross-examination Mr. Harrison was plied with questions as to the hold ings of the Southern directors in the system's stocks and bonds. He said the stock hooks showed the directors were only nominal holders, but he insisted that they held large blocks of bonds. Charles A. Douglas, attorney for Independent coal operators in southern Virginia, sought to show that the directors held large financial interest In coal properties along other railroads. President Harrison was questioned in detail as to whether the railroads today make rates by conference agreements, designated as “understandings.’’ He In sisted that tiie rates were announced at these gatherings of the officials of the competing railroads “Individually.'' and not jointly. He was unable to give the detailed account of how the rates were made and suggested that tiie road's rate expert he ('ailed. Sundry Civil and General Deficiency Bills Passed \\ aahliuiton, July ”8. —OotiKtrpHH today puHKcil thf 1mhi two IiIk Konorai appro* prlntlon Mils of tlie* hhhhIoii, the sundry civil and general deficiency measures. Only two supply hills, the Indian and fiver and harbor hills, remain to he P4»»ed. A final conference report on the former was adopted today by the Sen ate. The river and linrbor hill |H belnK In Id up by n Senate filibuster. Objection In the House cut out of the deficiency measure at the lnHt moment it Senate amendment appropriating *17r,.t«H» for longevity pay claims of Confederate officers who left tile United State* army lit the outbreak of the war between the states. Ah finally agreed upon the Indian bill carries no provision for the proposed per capita payment or $1(81 to the Choetatv nation or Oklahoma. Ilffm-te to Include the MIsHlHHlppt Choctaws caused the ap propriation to he eliminated Dividend Declared By U. S. Steel Corporation New York, July 28.—Tiie United States Steel corporation business for the second quarter thin year showed a slight im provement over tiie first three months, according to the directors’ statement to day. Earnings of $22,936,414 showed an In crease of $2,50(5.426 with an increase of $.',463,215 in net expenditure* and a pro-* portionate gain in not income. To m<et regular dividend payments on preferred and common shares it was again necessary to take $5,159,237 of last year's surplus. Tills made a total of $11, 448.881 taken from the 1913 undivided sur plus for dividend purposes. Officials of the corporation said large order* for finished products were ex pected In the event of a favorable east ern freight rate decision. Hobby Is Nominated for Lieutenant Governor Dallas. July 28.—W. p. Hobby of Beau mont, Tex., publisher of the Enterprise, was nominated for lieutenant governor in Saturday’s democratic primary. Prac tically complete returns today gave a majority of 20,000 to him. Returns for congressman at large, still incomplete, indicated the election of Jeff McEeinore of Houston and J. 11 Davis of Hopkins county and the defeat of Daniel E. Garrett, who .stood for re nomination. >••••••• •••■••••••••••• MMMtMMMMMMMMMMI VIADAME GAILLAUX :REED OF CHARGE Scene of Wildest Tumult Follows Announcement By Jury LABOR1 ANI) CHENU EMBRACE IN COURT Mme. ('aillaux I.eaves By Witness* Door Amid Cheers and Hisses. Address By Defendant's Counsel Declared n Masterpiece Paris, July 2R. Mme. Henrietta Pail laux was acquitted tonight by a Jury in I he court of n seize of i he wilful murder on March W last of Oast on Calmette, editor >f the Figaro. The verdict wap returned Uter BO minutes' deliberation. The an nouncement was followed by the wildest umult. Mme. Palllaux staggered and then threw her arms about the neck of her •ounsel, Fernand Laborl. Her hair fell >ver her shoulders and her hat fell to he floor. The spectator* stood upon desks md chairs. Pries of "Palllaux! Laborl'* find "t'aillaux assassin!" mingled. The Jin was deafening. Several groups of bar risters came to blows and the republican guards, trying to separate them, Joined In the melee. The spectacle of Laborl and Phenil, the letter counsel for the Calmette family, embracing each other, calmed the tumult for a moment, but It was redoubled when they left with Mme. Oalllaux. Judge Leaves Hoorn 1'nahle to make himself heard, the pre siding Judge. with the other judges, n arched from the room. The advocates took complete possession of the court, some mounted the judges' desk and ha rangued the crowd. The guards then cleared a portion of the room und com* fin rath e quiet was restored. Judge Al bunel returned und read the Judgment, or dering the release of Mme. Pailliux • ttUh ' nif.’lnii Mine. P:i.l!:unVde pai ted the witmm s dour She < ov I"'|' I'tiff with her !f to shied hers^f from the furious cries of "Mur deteHs." Ry way of several narrow cor ridors und back staircases, she reached a small side door In the palace of Justice, and drove away In un automobile unob serve d. M Palllaux left by the main entrance on the arm of his devoted friend. Deputy Pascal Peccaldl, amid mingled cheers and hoot a. New Thrill Each Day Thus ended the most sensational trial in Parisian courts In years. Each day provided Its dramatic thrill and though the verdict has been pronounced the final outcome cannot be foretold. The court session today was devoted to speeches by counsel Mme. Palllaux entered the prisoners' dock pale and worn. She collapsed during the address of Mattre Phenu, who scored her bit terly. The tone of the speech of Jules liar ban ux. prosecutor g«*ieral, was unusual ly mild. To the Jurors he said: "Your duty as the defenders of the Interests of society requires you to find a ver dict of guilty, but no one expects you to be pitiless.'' Lahori’s Address a Masterpiece Maitre Labor!, who came lust, deliv ered a masterpiece of passionate elo quence. He closed amid a tempest of applause, saying "My wish Is that Mme. Palllaux shall leave here acquitted and l tint the press shall be purified. Let us keep our anger for our enemies abroad." Demonstrations against the Palllaux verdict occurred In several places to night. In the boulevards large, excited crowds dlscussecr the case, and when the verdict became known there were cries of "down with Palllaux!" In one section mounted republican guards had to assist the police In quell ing the disturbance. Many police and rioters were Injured and many arrests were made. Maurice and Jean Rostand, sons of the dramatist, were among (hose ar rested. The Figaro office was the scene of & demonstration. ♦ After dining at home with her hus band and a few friends. Mme. Palllaux received a number of close acquaint* a nees. "It is Maitre Laborl." she said, "to whom I owe the good fortune to he rree. lie pleaded today with all his Hue talent and I am profoundly grateful to him." Paris, July 29.—The Figaro comments bitterly on the acquittal of Mme. Pail laux. calling It "the verdict of shame and the greatest scandal In our epoch. ' The paper follows this with an article on OaHton Calmette. Ifeaded "In Memo* rlam." Democratic Assaults On Trade Measures Are Feature of Day’s Bebate Washington. July 28.—Democratic as saults on the federal trade commission bill featured today's debate on the measure In the Senate. Senator Pomerene, a mem ber of the interstate commerce commit tee, which reported the bill, announced he could not vote for It as now drafted, and suggested many defects. Senator Reed of Missouri also criticized the measure. Senator Pdmerene said the section mak ing "unfair competition" unlawful with out defining It, would be hekl unconsti tutional as a delegation of legislative pow er to the commission. Senator Thomas predicted that such • mass of work would come to the com mission that the burden would render It useless. He said the bill embodied the Ideas of the progressive platform. The democrats were considerably cn eouraged when the Senate republicans, in confrence today, agreed not to conduct a filibuster against the bills. This, It la believed, will make adjournment possible earlier than had been expected.