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I WITH THE LODGES H f #» CHARGES H. MANDV I allowing tnc orriciai count or the ps for the grand lodge officers of Independent Order of Odd Fellows he state of Alabama, held yesterday Fraternal hall. Palmer P. Daugette Birmingham was announced as the nd warden-elect of the grand lodgi 1 will be Installed Into that office the next grand lodge meeting. Thp er grand lodge officers had no op ition. and were elected as follows: >rge Huddleston of Birmingham, nd master; Palmer P. Daugette of mlngham, grand warden; II. C. Fol 1 of Huntsville, grand secretary*; J. Howie of Talladega, grand treasurer, Fred J. Cramton of Montgomery, nd representative, rand Master R. L«. Bradley and as ants counted the votes, which were t last October for the several £rand 5e officers. The interest was cen ad round the office of grand warden the two first officers liad no oppo pn and from the fact that the of of grand warden is regarded as a aping stone to the office of grand jter. There were three nominations the place Mr. Daugette and two didates from Mobile. The race was tered on the Birmingham man and Bloch of Mobile, the local man win g by a handsome majority. Ir. Daugette is one of the best >\vn Odd Fellows in the district and devoted much of his time and ins to promote the interests of ths er. His promotion at the hands of brethren is considered as well de red and that In honoring Mr. Dau te the order has honored Itself. lie member of the Birmingham bar and oys a widespread popularity and is nent In his profession. MORIAL SERVICES IY LOCAL ELKS TODAY € mo rial services of Birmingham lodge 79* Benevolent, Protective Order of s, will he held this afternoon at the ie theatre commencing at 3 o’clock, most elaborate and appropriate pro mme has been prepared which will j ude a beautiful and impressive tab- ] i with scenic electrical and musical ;ct. M. L». Semon, member of the com _ I Specials For Monday at * HILL’S 6 Quality Stores Best Granulated Sugar, 19 lbs.$1.00 Lenox Soap. 10 bars. .27c Buy Your Fruit Cake Goods From Hill’s and Get the Best Fancy Citron, lb.20c Lemon and Orange Peel, lb...15c Crystallized Pineapple, lb.40c Crystallized Cherries, lb.50c Raisins, Seeded,.3«pkg. 25c Layer Figs, pkg. . . . .10c Currants, pkg. 10c and 12c Dates, pkg. .. .10c Sultana Raisins, per lb. ..15c Shelled Nuts Pecans, halves, lb.70c Almonds, lb.60c Walnuts, halves, lb. . ,70c Grandma’s Wonder Flour 12 lb. 24 lb. Bbl. in Sack Sack Cloth i 45c 85c $6.50 Fit for a King Coffee The perfect coffee maker. A delicious, invig- OA« orating drink. Lb. OUL 3Ya lbs.$1.00 Canned Vegetables SuefpNtukeN Corn, 2 cans.25c lYima Corn, 2 cans .25c Blue Moon Corn, 2 cans4.15c Mny Day I Van, Early June, don W 05c; 2 cans . 25c Frcncli Peas, can .. . . . . .20c Burt Olney Peas, little sweet champion, dor.cn 92.75; can 25c Hominy, large eons, 2 cans. . . .15c Burt Olney Lima Beans, can 20c 2 Tomatoes, 2 cans .25c Fruits l.argc Grapefruit, each 5c trail berries, 2 quarts .25c Celery, per bnnch .10c Florida Oranges, do®, 20c, 25c, 30c YYInesap Apples, peck . ..50c York Imperials, peck.40c Lettuce, per huneh.10c Malaga Grapes, lb, ..,..20c >avy Beams, lb. .T%c Black Eyed Peas, lb.. .7%c Limn Beans, 3 lbs.2fcc Asparagus Mattsanlto Tips, 2 cans . .25c Eagle Asparagus, can.20c Grlf flu’s A Skelly Tips, per •Pit . 25c Belmonte Asparagus Tips, can 25c Graham Flour, 12 lb. bag . 50c Belmont Pancake or Buck wheat Flour, 3 pkgs. 25c New Prunes, per lb., 10c 12l/2C and.15c Special at Meat Market Rump Roast, lb.16c Round Steak, lb.16c Loin Steak, lb.16c Pork Sausage, lb.20c All Mail Orders Filled at 8 VThese Prices | HILL Grocery Co. I ,1 . .. Wm PALMER P. DAUGETTE Grand warden-elect of the Inde pendent Order’of Odd Fellows mlttee of arrangements, has this feature in charge and it is stated it will be the most elaborate memorial ceremony ever put on 9 local stage. The public is cordially invited to at tend and all Elks are urged to be pres ent. Judge \Y. \Y. Brandon of Tusca loosa, one of the foremost orators of the state, will deliver the fculogy to the mem ory of the departed brethren, and the oration will be made by Dr. M. H. Ed monds. The programme Is as follows: March—"Funeral" (Chopin). Frank Harm's orchestra. Opening of lodge. Lodge Hymn—Lodge, orchestra and audience. (During opening ceremonies "The Rosary." by Ethelbert Nevin, will be sung by Miss Anne Faulkner.) Prayer—The Rev. w. N. Claybrook. Soprano Solo—Selected, Miss Anna Faulkner; Clara Harper Steele at the piano. Oration—The Rev. H. M. Edmonds. Saxaphone Solo—"My Heart at Thy Sweet Voice" (Saint Saens), A. Trailer. Eulogy—W. W. Brandon. Baritone Solo—"One Sweetly Solemn Thought" (Ambrose), E. Farley; Mra. Edna Gockel Gussen at the piano Closing of lodge. Doxology—Lodge, orchestra and audi ence. Benediction—The Rev. w. N. Clay brook. Officers of the lodge: John S. Leedy, exalted ruler; John W. Douglas, esteemed leading knight; Joe K. Saks, esteemed loyal knight; A. H. Moore, esteemed lec turing knight; H. E. Shropshire, Jr., sec retary; Edward O’Hagen, assistant secre tary; Edward M. Cornwell, treasurer; John G. .Greener, tiler: W. B. Coldwell, esquire; W. B. Harris. Inner guard; Harry L. White, chaplain; H. A. Ehrliardt, or ganist; John B. McCarty. E. A. Erckert. John W. Perkins, trustees. Memorial committee: George B. Rat termann. E. J. McOrossin. Frank Arrico, M. L. Semon. John E. Shelby. O. W. Col gan. John W. Maynor, and John W. Doug las. ODD FELLOWS COMMITTEE MEETS IN IRONDALE The general visiting committee of Odd Fellows of this district met with Iron dale lodge on Thursday night, December 3, with the following lodges represented with a fair attendance: Mineral City No. 71, Avondale No. 108, Birmingham No. 112, Magnolia No. 121, East Lake No. 281, Star No. 288, Brighton No. 155, Lincoln No. 196, Fidelia No. 125. No degree was conferred, but short talks were made by all pres ent and mueh enjoyed. Irondale No. 242 is an old and Interesting lodge and the members expect a large increase in their • membership in the future. On Friday night, December 11, the com mittee will meet with Samson lodge No. 115 at Wylam, where the Initiatory de gree will be conferred upon several can didates, and it is expected that at least 100 visiting Odd Fellows will be present to help in this work. Other meetings for the month of De cember are as follows: Monday, Decem ber 14, Brighton lodge No. 155 at Brigh ton; Wednesday, December 23, Pratt City lodge No. 243, '-Pratt City; Tuesday, De cember 29, Jonesboro lodge No. 305, Jones boro. Despite the Inclemency of the weather and the 14-mile ride to Bessemer, almost 100 Pythians were present last Thursday at the meeting of Myrtle Linton lddge No. 130, Knights of Pythias. The occasion was the visitation of the general visiting committee which is making weekly cal’s on the different lodges In the'district. The rank of page was conferred on three candidates by a special team se lected by the visiting committee, and '.ho work was done in a most Impressive manner. A feature of the Initiation was the splendid drill enacted by the color guards from Steel City lodge No. 190. The movements executed by th-se well-trained men elicited mueh applause ahd added much to the effectiveness of the rank work. At the conclusion of the Initia tion ceremony cigars were • served by Myrtle Linton lodge and enthusiastic talks were given by several of the mem bers. ^ a At 10 o’clock the meeting adjourned, and it was announced that the next visit of the committee would be held at Wy lam Monday night, Mount Pleasant lodge No. 74 acting as host. An ’nterestlng programme has been arranged and all members of the order are cordially urged to be present. KNIGHTS OF MACCABEES ELECT OFFICERS At a well attended meeting of Har mony tent, Knights of the Macabees, held Wednesday night at their hall, Fourth avenue, the following officers were elected for the next term. Past commander, J. H. Still; comman der, P. L. Hurlbutt; lieutenant com mander, W. M. Nall; record keeper, B. W. McDuffie; chaplain, O. F. Jennings; sergeant, Ermett Graves; master at arnjs. Charles H. Armstrong; first guard, App McDuffie; second guard. A- 3. Meeks; sentinel, J. M. Meeks; picket, D. D. Davis; three-year trustee, T. A. Moore. At the next meeting the officers will be installed and quite a number of the stete officers are expected to be present. Officers of Lurkio tent, Knights of Maccabees, were elected as follows: Commander, C. T. Seaton, re-elected; lieutenant commander, C. L. Boyd, re elected; chaplain, H. H. Sullivan, re elected; sergeant, .1. D. Pound; first mas ter of guards, G. E. Tyler, re-elected; second master of guards, J. G. Tyler; master at arms, S. A. Mllllcan, re-elected; sentinel, O. W. Sims; picket, It. W, Tay lor; trustee three years, S. A. Mllllcan, re-elected. ROSEWOOD GROVE CHOOSES OFFICERS Rosewood Grove No. 4J| or Avondale held Its regular meeting at Griffin's nail on the night of December 2. A class of eight wore initiated by the degree team under their captain. Mrs. Simmon* who Is given much credit for the splendid showing made by tho team. . The officers for the year 1915 were elected, each officer receiving the unanimous vote of the lodge. Mrs. J. V. Hafer, who Is a guardian of the state, was re-elected to servo her fourth term us guardian of Hose-' wood grove. Mrs. Bessie Lee, adviser Mrs. Dan Pardue, banker: Mra. bailie Doglas. clerk; Mrs. Gammon, chaplain Mr. Dan Pardue, manager; Mra. Beams .pianist. Under head of “good of the order" Dr. H. A. Elkourle made a talk In which he paid a tribute to the worth of Guardian Mra. Hafer and presented her with a 3ilver baking dish and rhoc alate set, the gift of the grove. She made a fitting and graceful responae. , At- the oiose refreshments were aarvad. ONE MARKED PRICE a Hour Special S Hour Oprrlat 7IW RH.K “F.\F.n CblUreiCa liMran- Initial l ‘ONE MARKED* PRICE R to It n. m. 10 to 12 a. m. WEAR" HORG ««■*! "K»»r- llonrtkrr. hlrf. r n iV* ( - ~ _ 50c PI.4TKD SIl.K 2f»r l.IM.K HO^E wp«r Hosiery Worth 10c /Ti/yV ~ /Hr-tee 'j’Zr 10c 59c 25c 5c I / fthy-iubcH co, *-»oa .>«» avb ™™*""""^*"***»*—» v* Rlark and white In black white and A well made stock- Neatly embroider- mm——-,—* T) *% sn r+swl R]/V^ L/1^ lAdiea* sizes in onlv. None C O D colors. A most un- ins that will Rive ed initial In colors Kmt Union Suits O GeOLCOTl GlanKet bl**\**« white. A No phone ,1(„.al valur, absolute satiafac- Good quality mate- * „ , n ^ 1 n 4 splendid value- tlon. rial. 50c V&lUC tlUv G ath Kobes » Pleached rlblmd knit Union Suits of T/ST You Don't Have to SS»,»«-. A new lot of the genuine Bea- . * gg® £UI co,ors _ . eon Blanket Cloth Bath Robes ’W’TT • *Y T •'l A A fo4P —while they last they go at \AX /V J <4* T J <y% *4- J | /\ -f- ^ /JV R^.i.rVoo «!«• pure thread silk tills T\ onderfll price. ^ £ J Jj A J J M ^ Hose, In black, white colors. Christmas to Buy Your Cloak Suit Or Ready-to- Wears You are now face to face with, and in the very midst of the most tremendous merchandising event in Feminine Apparel and Ready-to Wear ever offered to the women of Greater Birmingham $50,000 Worth of the Newest, Smartest__ N <rn J -w-^ • ^ - « $3.50 Ostrich Plumes $1.59 Styles Now Hema Sold sss^rss^rs.^ ^ ^ m m w stock, large, drooping heads. Black, v — , white and colors. For Less Than $25,000 . Unrestricted Choice any Suit, Coat or Suits of the newest, most favored modes Dress in the House During This Sale $1 9.95 % OQ Q ^ IN ACTUAL $30 AND $35 VALUES The most wonderful suit offer of the whole season. Snappiest, styles In all tile most &t . . . .. ,, . , . , tractive fabrics, weaves and colors, In the lone: and short, models. Fur trimming and braid Real $4o.00 and upward values in the ultra fashionable styles. effects, value actually to $35. In The “Backward Season Sale!" j Two Hundred Fine Coats Fashionable Suits $22.50, | in the Seasons Best $25.00 and $27.50 Values $14.95 $14.95 1 I'P TO n:to vai.i E* $22.50. $25.00 and $27.50 Values I Without dout the most phenomenal offer of coats that you Midwinter's most favored styles In Suits made to sell for I will hove a chance at this whole season. Ileal "after-Christ- «25 and S30. Bought special for this sale \ll the newest I mas prices" right now. Values up to *::0. All the wanted weaves, fabrics and colors, showing (he short and long coat I materials, plush, broadcloths, etc. Tour size. models Fur and braid trimmings j Choice of Any Hat in the En- - d» /1A r—-1 tire Stock During This Sale *PCf.UU New Dresses j with the exception of elaborately trimmed aigrette and bird of paradise models. This offer in- Full $20 Values j eludes the handsome ostrich and all the beautiful models in up to $25 and $50 values. I - $ I I in trim Mini # | Nlinpe* . . 49c jj I | Value* up to j I I fi.li* A moat fashionable Hatherinff | 1 of dress models in values up to | Tn tills lot. $20 make this offer one of par f j\H the new ttcular goodness. All mutert&ls I In every color and shade | shapes of the Fully 260 In this lot from J S season. which to make choice. g ..... - ... - ■ - ■ ■■ . - ■ - —-- ■ ■ .— - . - ■■ ... THOUSAND-DOLLAR SHIPS Bj THOMAS I. PARKINSON Legislative Drafting Research Funu, Columbia University. (Exclusive Ser vice The Survey Press Bureau.) Congress recently authorized Ameri can registry for forelgn-bullt ships. Thirty-four such ships have declared their Intention to become 'American" and have applied for permission to fly the United States flag. Twenty-flve of these ships—the United Fruit company's fleet—will enjoy in addition an ultra American Individualism. Each Ship a Corporation Each ship will be a corporation or, technically speaking, the ownership of each vessel will he vested In a corpor ation which will take the vessel's name and the corporate property of whlclf may consist of the vessel alone. The capital stock of each of these new com panies Is nominally $1000. The Zacapa, transferred by the fruit company to the Zacapa Steamship corporation, sailed from New York on September 1$ flying the American flag. Our satisfaction at this extension of our merchant marine does not prevent our entertaining some curiosity as to the motive and purpose underlying this multiplication of corporations. What ever may be the purpose orb effect in this case the possibilities of abuse of cor porate organization are dramatically presented by the incorporation of these vessels and the analogies which It sug gests. The Pennsylvania railroad' might Incorporate the Broadway Limited. Whatever the purpose of this trans fer of the Zacapa to the Zacapa Steam ship company, Its most important legal consequence is to fortify the owner's present limited liability in admiralty by the added and In this case very simi lar rule of limited liability under our eot-poratlon laws. Our admiralty statues limit the lia bility of shipowners lo the value of the vessel. If the vessel Is lost there Is no liability. The Titanic case emphasized not only the absence of any substan tial liability to which claimants could resort, but also the backwardness of our law from the point of view of claimants as compared with the English law. For example. In our courts victims Df the Titanic disaster could recover from the ownera about $$0,000, whereas in the English courts the owners were liable for more than $2,000,000. To Get Around Increased Liability If our admiralty statutes are amended so tl\at more financial responsibility is placed on ship owners, claimants will be able to attach other property of the owner than the vessel responsible for the loss. Just as the victim of a railroad aocldent may resort to the general prop erty of the railroad corporation for sat isfaction of his claim. But of what value will this right be to the claimant if the owner of the vessel is a corporation and If that corporation owns no property ex cept the foundered vessel? Tnis situation Indicates the possible Im portance of the incorporation of these United Fruit steamers. The incorpora tion makes practically no difference so long as the present limited liability law remains on the statute books, but If Con gress should repeal this law and substi tute the English statute the Incorpora tion of each ship would be of the ut most Importance both to the owmers and to the public. It would mean that the act of Congress would be practically In effective and that the actual liability In case of the loss of the ship would re main Just where It was before the pas sage of the act, namely. It would be limited to the value of the salvage, if any. The corporation laws of New York limit liability of the Zacapa Steamship corporation to the value of Its corporate property, but it must be remembered that there is nothing sacred about this? rule of corporation law. It Is medely a rule of public policy for the encourage ment of business. Under it have been developed great business Institutions and Important public agencies which might never have been undertaken If their origi nal promoters had been subjected to the risk of losing property not invested in their venture. The limitation of their lia bility to the value of the corporate prop erty was a legitimate inducement and a proper protection. The public cannot af ford to take away from business men of lr^tlative and courage tills important inducement to new undertakings, but It is possible and seems desirable so to limit the rule that It may not be abused to the public detriment. In various states, including Newf York, conditions In particular fields of bust ness have required and produced legisla tion varying the limited liability rule and imposing on corporate directors and stock holders what is known as excess liabil ity. This excess liability is usually dou ble, but in some cases has been triple, the par value of the stock owned. Resort to Incorporation of each vessel as a substitute for limited liability in admiralty adds one element of difficulty to tile programme for increasing the chances of claimants* securing substantial redress. The limited liability rule in ad miralty can be repealed or amended by an act of Congress. The limited corpor ate liability rule can be changed by leg islation, but so long as there la one state which refuses to pass such legis lation, It would be possible for steam ship owners to take out their charters for each vessel In that jurisdiction. There pre. however, solutions of this difficulty. If state incorporation for each ship is resorted to generally, It Is proba ble that the propaganda for federal in corporation of corporations engaging in interstate and foreign commerce, and par ticularly those engaged in transportation by water, will be rapidly advanced. The way to a general rule by which the corporation owners may be subjected to reasonable but substantial liability for losses will then be comparatively easy. Or irrespective of general federal incor poration, Congress might extend to Inter state or foreign water carriers the prin ciple of compulsory Insurance of passen gers, crew and cargo, and make such Insurance a condition of the right to en-; gage In such transportation. This prln-j clple has been made familiar by its in clusion in our workmen's compensation acts. It Is indeed an interesting incident in the development of our corporation law that has been contributed by these newly Americanized ships. Its effect and further use will undoubtedly be watched with great Interest by the legal profession and the general community. If the action in this instance Is Intended to prevent the accomplishment, of proposed public policies, via, more effective federal regu lation and increased liability for loss, it will be Interesting to see whether it ac complishes its purpose or recoils on the interests in whose favor It Is advanced and develops actual public advantage. How to TeU Real Silk From Leslie’s. How many women know there is an artificial silk made from wood pulp, or that raw silk can be "filled” with it urtil it weighs four or five times as ✓ niuch as its real weight? These end lots of other Interesting things about silk, that every woman should know, were told the vistors to the big silk ex position recently held in Paterson. N. J. One learned that the artificial silk Is fairly strong and very glossy, mak ing a lustrous material which woven Into piece goods, but the minute It is wet It will break. This artificial o. wood silk Is used chiefly in the soft, lustrous, woven tics so popular with men these days, and It forms a portion I of the strands from which sill; stock ings are made, this wood silk being used on the outside of a cotton thread which strengthens it for washing pur poses. Only the high-priced stockings are made of pure silk. Wortd ilk is aiso woven into some of the cheaper grades of silk piece goods, or com bined with linen or cotton in mercer* zlde materials. When the silk worm spins h s co coon of the tiny, web-like strands of silk, so fine that it takes from 2<> to 80 strands to make ordinary sew ing silk, it uses a stick secretion to hold the silk together. In tile Industry this is known as gum and weighs about four ounces to a pound of silk. When the raw silk Is cleaned and this gum removed, the silk is frequently "filled* again with a chemical solution of tin. sugar and sumac that makes the same 12 ounces of silk weigh from 20 ounces tip to as high as 70, although It Is not often that so heavy a "filling** Is used. This makes your silk dress goods heav ier and seems to give them more body, hut in reality the tin In the filling so lution makes the silk crack and re duces Its wearing quality. Bag Alligator In Maryland How many alligator* dor* It take to found an alligator farm? This is the ques tion that is agitating the region of Per ryvlllt, says a PerryviUe special to the New York Tribune. A female alligator lays a nest of very many eggs. Calcu lated upon the basis of the estimate made by those whef go Into chicken farming, a big alligator farm might be gotten from a single alligator of the right gender. Whether an alllgfetor farm shall be the outcome or not, and Maryland gain fains for a new Industry along the tributaries q( Its placid bay, is a side Issue. The hunters who landed the real live al ligator of two feet six inches In length and with a temper as hot as the tropics In which the alligator commonly philoso phizes while doing a keen Imitation of u dead log In a slimy stream, are sure, however, that they have performed a novel foal. It all happened along the shores of Mill creek, >i tributary of the Susquehanna, and in the neighborhood of Perry Point farm. The chief actors, after the alli gator were Henry A. Magraw and Jnmea F. Magraw. well-known duck hunters, who were engaged in their favorite sport one day last week, when they saw some thing out on a sundbar that looked like an abandoned alligator shopping hag of the ladles—only it was animated. This led to an Investigation, a light, ami a capture. The question is pressing upon the victors: “Now you've got It, whatcha gonna do with it?” As to where It came from, that is a mystery that some bay bout might unravel. ff the alligator farm Idea falls to ma terialise, the reptile will doubtless event ually receive a good tanning, unless It be turned over to the Baltimore park board. What the Horses Carry Cavalry are playing an unexpectedly large part in the war, and the weight carried by cavalry horses In the various armies is of Interest. The British cav alry Is armed with the short Lee-Enfield rJfle. the magazine of which holds 10 rounds; the sword, which Is carried by all ranks except signalers, and the re volver. carried by warrant officers, staff sergeants, sergeants, trumpeters and driv ers# Each trooper carries 100 rounds of ammunition In a bandolier over the left shoulder. Lancer regiments carry the lance. Each cavalryman (like the in fantryman) carries an emergency and the ‘iron” ration and a ration for Ids horse. Then there is the bit. Altogether the British troop horse carries about 20 stone. The regular Russian cavalry are armed with sword, rifle and bayonet, and each man carries 40 rounds of ammunition. There arc the two days’ oats and hay ra tion. a cloak and an entrenching tool. The cavalryman’s kit, two days’ rations, spare horse shoes, horse blanket, canvas bucket, and a mess tin go to form the complete equipment, and weigh Altogether about 119 pounds. The Cossack pony car ries about 17 stone. The Average weight carried by the Indian troop horse whtn ready for war Is about 19 atone. The Aus trian troopers carry a weight of betwejMI 21 and 22 stone, and the average In the French and German armies Is about tfch same. Not in the Running "Shall T announc that I am Tn the nee tor Congress?" "Perhaps It would b# nearer the truth to merely state that you are a candidate, my boy."